NEW

EDITION
2019

EVERYDAY ENGLISH
FOR DENTAL HEALTH
(SPEAKING, WRITING, READING AND LISTENING
PRACTICES)

COMPILED
BY :
SIYASWATI

POLYTECHNIC OF HEALTH
DENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT
SURABAYA
2019
 CHAPTER 1
PERSONAL HEALTH PROBLEMS

I. Speaking ‘TALKING ABOUT HEALTH PROLEMS’

Activity 1
Study and practice the following expressions:

A. ASKING CURRENT HEALTH PROBLEMS:

 What is/What’s the matter?
 What’s wrong?
 What seems to be the problem?
 What do you think is the matter with you?
 Tell me why you have come in today.
 Tell me what happened.
 What is your chief complaint?
 What makes you come to see me?

B. STATING CURRENT HEALTH PROBLEMS

 I have …(a headache/a toothache/a cold, etc.)
 I have got …(a sore throat/a fever/a backache, etc,)
 I have a problem with my … (breathing/stomach/tooth, etc.)

C. ASKING PAST MEDICAL HISTORY

 Have you ever had any serious illness in the past?
 Have you ever been in hospital before?
 Have you ever had an operation?
 Have you ever had any accidents or injuries?
 Have you any allergies?

Activity 2
Listen, repeat, and practice the following dialogue with your partner.

Nurse: Hello Mrs. Jones, I’m Nurse Hadiwijaya.

Mrs. Jones: Hello, nurse. Is the doctor in ?
Nurse: Have a seat, please. The doctor will be with you in a minute.
Mrs. Jones: Thanks. I really feel terrible.
Nurse: That’s too bad. What seems to be the problem?
Mrs. Jones: My tooth is aching. It is shooting.
Nurse: When did you start having toothache?
Mrs. Jones: Oh, two days ago.
Nurse: Have you taken any medicines for the pain?
 Mrs. Jones: Yes, some Panadols.
Nurse: Were things any better once you took them?
Mrs. Jones: No, that’s why I’ve come in.
Nurse: I hope the doctor will help you.
Mrs. Jones; Thank you, I hope so.

Activity 3
Do the following task in pairs.
1. Write your own dialogue on health problems with you partner.
2. Practice and act out the dialogue.

II. Writing ‘THE PERSONAL DATA’

Activity 1
Study the following personal data form.

THE NURSING HISTORY

1 Patient Name: John Tambunan

2 Address: Jalan Cemara Indah 11 A
Meadow Green Real Estate
Lippo Cikarang
Bekasi 17550
3 Phone number: 021-8917222
4 Sex: Male
5 a. Place & date of birth: Jakarta, 31 October 1979
b. Age: 27
6 Marital Status: Married with one child
7 Occupation: Sales manager
8 Height: 175 cm
9 Weight: 50 kg
10 Race/national origin: Batakese/Indonesian
11 Religion: Christian
12 Admission date: 1 August 2006
13 Medical diagnosis: Toothache

Activity 2
Write a sentence for the following given point. Number 1 has been done for you.
 John Tambunan : The patient name is John Tambunan.

1. Jalan Cemara Indah 11 A: …

2. 021-8917222: …
3. Male: …
 4. Jakarta: …
5. 31 October 1979: …
6. 27: …
7. Married with one child: …
8. Sales manager: …
9. 175 cm: …
10. 50 kg: …
11. Batakese: …
12. Indonesian: …
13. Christian: …
14. 1 August 2006: …
15. Toothache

Activity 3
Complete the following sentence with the suitable word(s).

1. … is Alicia Rodgers.
2. She … 1447 Hyde Park Avenue, London.
3. She … August 13, 1996.
4. She … in Liverpool but grows up in Manchester.
5. She … at the elementary school, Grade 3.
6. Her father … for the local insurance company, whereas her mother is a
bank teller.
7. She … 19 kg and is 1.1 m tall.
8. Her … Irish.
9. She … to the local hospital now because she … fever, cold, and difficulty
in breathing.
10. … is Patricia Sanders, M.D.

Activity 4
Decide whether the following sentence is correct or not. Correct it if necessary.

1. She name is Michelle Graham Keller. She born at Manhattan in 1990.

2. She lives on 111 42nd Street, New York. She is like babysitting after
school.
3. She is the child number one and she have a little sister named Rose
Keller, age 12 years old.
4. Her father is come from Germany. His parents were bring him to America
when he was ten.
5. Her mother is America. She is jeweler and works for the Italian company
here on New York.
6. Her mother is responsible for design jewelries. Her company then sell the
jewelries to some local fashion designers.
7. Michelle like childs very much. When she grows up she like to be a
paedetrician.
 8. After finishing her high school, she goes to the Medical Faculty of the New
York State University.

Activity 5
Translate the following sentence into English.

1. Anak kecil itu bernama Kelly Anwar.

2. Dia lahir di Jakarta pada tanggal 31 Maret 2000.
3. Dia anak bungsu, kakak laki-lakinya tiga tahun lebih tua darinya.
4. Dia tinggal di jalan Mangga no.12, Menteng, Jakarta Pusat.
5. Dia bersekolah di TK dan dia senang bersekolah di sana.
6. Dia sangat menyukai guru-gurunya, jika besar nanti dia ingin menjadi
seorang guru.
7. Teman-teman sekolahnya sangat menyukainya.setiap hari mereka
bermain bersama-sama di halaman sekolah.
8. Ayahnya seorang dokter kandungan, sedangkan ibunya seorang bidan.
Mereka bekerja pada rumah sakit yang sama.
9. Rumah sakit itu tidak jauh dari rumah mereka. Rumah sakit itu milik
pemerintah.
10. Setiap liburan mereka pergi keluar kota untuk mengunjungi kakek dan
nenek.

Activity 6
Write your own curriculum vitae by completing the following form.

Curriculum Vitae

A. Personal Data:

1. Full Name:
2. Home Address:
3. Telephone/Fax Number:
4. E-mail:
5. Sex:
6. Place and Date of Birth:
7. Marital Status:
8. Height:
9. Weight:
10. Blood Group:
11. Recent Position:
F. Office Address:

B. Education:
1. Elementary School: … Year: …

2. Junior-high School: … Year: …

3. Senior-high School: Year: …

4. College: Year: …

C. Qualifications:

D. Experience:

1. … Year: …

2. … Year: …

3. … Year: …

E. Achievements:

1. … Year: …

2. … Year: …

3. … Year: …

F. Interests:

CHAPTER 2
 THE ORAL INFECTIONS

I. Reading ‘THE ORAL INFECTIONS’

Activity 1
Read the following passage.

Ken Michener’ s tooth had been hurting off and on for months, and
the pain was intense one Monday night in August 2005. So Michener,
31, who worked night shifts at a company in the United States that
manufactures vitamins and dietary supplements, left at 3 am, halfway
through his shift. At home, he tossed and turned.
The next afternoon, he had found an oral surgeon to pull his molar,
and started taking antibiotics to beat the bacterial infection and reduce
the swelling. They did neither. By Friday, Michener was still hurting and
his left cheek bulged. At a local hospital, his oral surgeon removed
another tooth, drained some pus, gave him painkillers and more
antibiotics, and checked him into intensive care.
By the following Monday, when Michener was rushed by
ambulance to a specialist hospital, his cheek was so swollen that he
couldn’t open his left eye. The infection had invaded the muscles that
open the jaw to clamp shut. It had also spread to Michener’s neck and
was squeezing his airway. He couldn’t open his mouth, couldn’t speak
and, despite a breathing tube designed to help, struggled to draw each
breath.
Few mouth infections grow as menacing as Michener’s. But
runaway dental infections can be treacherous. They have eaten
through the skin in people’s necks, choked off airways, migrated to the
heart, burrowed into brains and, yes, even killed people.

(taken from ‘The Checkup That Can Save Your Life’ by Henrylito D.
Tacio. Reader’s Digest, July 2006, p.p. 74-80)

Activity 2
Find the meaning of the following word(s):

1. hurting (paragraph #1) = …

2. off and on (paragraph #1) = …
3. intense (paragraph #1) = …
4. manufactures (paragraph #1) = …
5. dietary supplements (paragraph #1) = …
 6. tossed and turned (paragraph #1) = …
7. oral surgeon (paragraph #2) =…
8. to pull (paragraph #2) =…
9. sore molar (paragraph #2) =…
10. swelling (paragraph #2) =…
11. bulged (paragraph #2) =…
12. removed (paragraph #2) =…
13. drained (paragraph #2) =…
14. pus (paragraph #2) =…
15. painkillers (paragraph #2) =…

Activity 3
Find the word(s)in the passage that means the following:

1. dilarikan (paragraph #3) = …

2. memasuki (paragraph #3) = …
3. rahang (paragraph #3) = …
4. tertutup (paragraph #3) = …
5. menyebar (paragraph #3) = …
6. menekan (paragraph #3) = …
7. jalan pernafasan (paragraph #3) = …
8. alat bantu pernafasan (paragraph #3) = …
9. berjuang;berusaha keras (paragraph #3) = …
10. mengancam (paragraph #4) = …
11. berbahaya (paragraph #4) = …
12. mencekik (paragraph #4) = …
13. berpindah ke (paragraph #4) = …
14. masuk ke dalam (paragraph #4) = …

Activity 4
Answer the following questions briefly.

1. Tell what happened when Michener had to see the oral surgeon.
2. Did he recover from his dental problems after seeing the surgeon?
Illustrate your answer.
3. What is the possible danger of having oral infections that have
never been treated and cured before according to the passage.

Activity 5
Translate the passage into Indonesian.

II. Listening ‘A SILENT THREAT’

Activity 1
Fill in the blank with the suitable word as you are listening to the
instructor.

…(1)… infections harm more than just mouths. While …(2)… gum
infections called gingivitis may lead to red and …(3)… gums, they’re
not especially …(4)… by themselves. But they can …(5)… into
periodontitis, painless but …(6)… gum infection, if left untreated, …(7)
… bony sockets and ligaments that …(8)…teeth in place.

Activity 2
Find the meaning of the following word(s):

1. harm = …
2. mild = …
3. lead to = …
4. swollen = …
5. worsen = …
6. chronic = …
7. degrade = …
8. bony sockets = …
9. ligaments = …
10. hold = …

Activity 4
Translate the passage into Indonesian.

Activity 5
Pronounce the following words taken from the passage that have
the /A/ sound:

1. harm
2. just
3. gums
4. but
5. untreated

Activity 6
Find some other words that have the /A/ sound

Activity 7
Fill in the blank with the suitable word(s) provided in the box.

1. Doctors rushed the patient into surgery to … the infection.

2. Regular dental … can lead to more than just healthier teeth and
gums, and a bright smile.
3. Surgeons … the cancer and reconstructed her lower jaw using
bone from her leg.
4. The surgeon had to drain … from his cheek and to insert a tube to
help him breathe.
5. The researcher from the University of North Carolina School of
Dentistry is trying to see if treating … will cut the risk of heart
attacks.

a. periodontitis
b. drain
c. pus
d. removed
e. checkups
f. worsened

CHAPTER 3
 THE ADMINISTRATION OF MEDICATIONS

I. Speaking ’ADMINISTERING MEDICATIONS’

Activity 1
Study the following expressions

 Wash your hands before preparing medications.

 Check the label on the bottle.
 Don’t touch the pills/capsules by your hands.
 Pour liquids at eye level to ensure the accurate measurement of
the dosage.
 Keep the medicine card with the medication at all times.
 Take oral medications with water.
 Spread the ointment on both your hands.
 Shake the solution well so that it is thoroughly mixed.
 To instill nose drops, have the patient lower his head over the
edge of the bed.
 Take two tablets twice a day.
 Spray (put) two puffs in each nostril three times a day.
 Don’t chew these tablets. Swallow them whole.
 Put two drops into each ear in the morning.

Activity 2
Listen, repeat, and practice the following dialogue with your partner.

Nurse: How should I apply this injection?

Doctor: The inner surface of the forearm is the common site for this
type of injection. Cleanse the area with alcohol and then
allow it to dry. The skin is stretched taut and the needle is
inserted at a very shallow angle until the bevel is no longer
visible. After the plunger is retracted, the solution is then
slowly injected, producing the small wheal. The needle is
then removed and the injection site is sponged with alcohol.
Nurse: How often should I give this injection in a day?
Doctor: Twice a day, in the morning and in the afternoon.
Nurse: Thanks a lot.
Doctor: You’re much welcome. Remember, if redness develops
around the area, a deeper injection is not desirable.

Activity 3
 With the same partner, complete the following dialogue and act it out.

Nurse: How should I apply these oral medications?

Doctor: …(1)…
Nurse: Should it be given three times a day?
Doctor: …(2)…
Nurse: Thank you.
Doctor: …(3)…

Activity 4
Translate the dialogue in ‘Activity 2’ into Indonesian.

Activity 5
Complete the following sentence with the suitable word(s) provided in
the box.

1. It is the responsibility of the physician to … all medications in

writing.
2. The order should …the name of the drug, the dosage, how often it
should be administered, and what method of administration is to be
used.
3. Each bottle should be … on the shelf before the next medication is
prepared.
4. Injections are given with … syringes of various types and sizes.
5. The needle should be covered with a sterile … while being carried
to the patient.
6. To apply this ointment on the patient’s skin, use long … that follow
the direction of hair growth.
7. Among the most common signs of … are nausea, diarrhea, itching,
sore throat, swelling, drowsiness, and jaundice.
8. … medications include ointments, lotions, and solutions applied
with wet dressings.
9. The amount of water in oral medications should be sufficient to
make … easy and to … the medication.
10. Before administering drugs, the nurse washes her hands to … the
transfer of microorganisms and then she gathers the equipment
she needs.

Minimize Include Side-effects Topical

Put back Prescribe Administer Cap
Strokes Sterile Dissolution
II. Writing ’ADMINISTERING MEDICATIONS’

Activity 1
Read the following passage.

Preparing Medications

The first step in the preparation of any medication is to get the complete
order and make sure it is understood. Secondly, we wash our hands to
make sure they are sterile. Next, prepare the medications and they must be
administered in the exact dose that is ordered by the physician. Last but not
least, In order to avoid errors the nurse who prepares a medication should
administer it herself immediately after she has prepared it.

Activity 2
Complete the following passage.

The most common method of administering medications is by mouth or

orally. Capsules, liquids, tablets, powders, and troches are all administered
by mouth. The following shows how to prepare oral medications. First of all,
………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………..
Secondly,
……………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………..
Next, …………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………..
After that, ……………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………..
Finally, ………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………..

Activity 3
Complete the following table.

No Abbreviation Latin English meaning

1 a.c ante cibum …
2 ad lib ad libitum …
3 agit. agita …
4 b.i.d /b.d bis in die …
5 o.h. omni hora …
6 os os …
7 p.c. post cibum …
8 t.i.d ter in die …
 9 s.o.s. si opus sit …
10 o.m. omni mani …
11 o.n. omni nocte …
12 p.r.n. pro re nata …
13 gt./gtt. gutta (guttate) …
14 hor.hom/h.s. hora somni …
15 q.d. quaque die …

Activity 4
Study the following table.

No Active Passive
1 The nurse must administer the The medications must be
medications in the exact dose. administered by the nurse in the
exact dose.
2 The nurse should not touch the The pills should not be touched by
pills by her hands. the nurse by her hands.
3 The nurse needs a longer needle A longer needle is needed for
for intramuscular injections. intramuscular injections by the
nurse.
4 After the nurse has retracted the After, the plunger has been
plunger, she slowly injects the retracted by the nurse, the solution
solution. is slowly injected.

Activity 5
Change the following sentence into its passive.

1. The nurse should cleanse the area of injection with alcohol.

2. We did not apply the dressing properly, the wound healing slowed down.
3. All personnel who handle sterile equipment must wear sterile gloves.
4. The nurse has bandaged the patient’s leg and positioned him
comfortably.
5. The doctor is explaining the side effects of the medication to the patient.
6. The nurse will transcribe all the information from the physician’s original
order.
7. A patient who is sensitive to a particular drug often develops an allergic
reaction.
8. If the injection is a skin test, the nurse is going to watch for an area of
redness after the prescribed time.
9. After the nurse has injected the solution slowly, she should remove the
needle quickly.
Activity 6
Write the process or procedure of administering the following:

1. parenteral medication
2. topical medication
3. instillation
4. inhalation
5. self-medication
 CHAPTER 4
THE NUTRITION FOR ORAL HEALTH

I. Reading

Activity 1
Read the following passage.

Your Oral Health is in your Hands

In addition to brushing and flossing, a balanced diet can protect teeth

from decay and keep your gums healthy. The first step is to limit your sugar
intake and minimize the amount of time your teeth are exposed to sugary and
sticky foods and drinks. The next step is eating a combination of foods rich in
nutrients proven to be good for your teeth and mouth. Try incorporating these
common foods into your diet for an extra dose of good health:

No Nutrients Foods
1 Calcium Almonds, broccoli, bok choy, dairy
products:
This bone-building mineral is essential for
sturdy teeth. Research suggests that
adults with low calcium intakes have a
significantly increased risk for gum
disease.
2 Catechins Green tea, pomegranates:
These powerful green tea polyphenols,
particularly EGCG, may prevent cavity-
causing bacteria from adhering to teeth.
3 Insoluble fibres Broccoli, celery, salad greens:
This type of dietary fibre may dislodge
food particles from between your teeth
and gum
4 Lysine Beans, dairy and eggs:
Canker sores have been associated with
a deficiency of this amino acid.
5 Vitamin C Berries, citrus fruits, capsicum:
In addition to promoting healing in the
mouth, this vitamin is a vital components
of connective tissue of and bones
Activity 1
Find the meaning of the following word(s):
1. flossing = …
2. intake = …
3. sticky = …
4. nutrients = …
5. incorporating = …
6. dairy products = …
7. sturdy = …
8. adhering to = …
9. dietary fibre = …
10. dislodge = …
11. sores = …
12. deficiency = …
13. amino acid = …
14. capsicum = …
15. connective tissue = …

Activity 2
Answer the following questions briefly.

1. Dealing with oral health, the nutritious food is used for …

2. What should we do to have a balanced diet for our oral health?
3. Mention some foods rich in calcium.
4. What is the use of calcium for oral health?
5. What is the effect of having low calcium?
6. Green tea is used to …
7. Mention some foods rich in insoluble fibre.
8. The insoluble fibre functions as …
9. What is lysine?
10. Vitamin C functions as …

Activity 3
Make a summary of the previous passage in ‘Activity 1’ in approximately 100
words.

Activity 4
Fill in the blank with the suitable word(s) taken from the previous passage.

1. Yoghurt is a kind of … because it is made of milk.

2. Vegetables and fruits are rich in … that sweeps away food particles from
our teeth and gum.
3. Strawberries are an especially rich source of … that helps our body
absorb the iron it needs to nourish cells.
4. Soft tofu is a good source of … to build strong bones.
 5. Drinking … is good for our teeth, however, the excessive drinking may
cause discoloration of teeth.

II.Listening

Activity 1
Fill in the blank with the suitable word while listening to the instructor.

There is a wide …(1) … of foods that are …(2)… for oral health. These …
(3)… include calcium, fibres, …(4)…, and vitamin C. The good …(5)… of
calcium are yoghurt, cheese, and other …(6)… products. The next nutrient
are found in soybeans and peas. While the fibres can be found in all the …(7)
… . while guava, oranges, lemons, belong to foods that are rich in vitamin C.

Activity 2
Fill in the blank with the suitable word while listening to the instructor.

No Nutrients Foods
1 Calcium …
2 Fibres …
3 Lysine …
4 Vitamin C …

Activity 3
Translate the following sentence into English.

1. Daging berwarna merah merupakan sumber terbaik bagi zat besi.

2. Bayam yang kaya akan magnesium sangat bermanfaat bagi peningkatan
kekuatan otot.
3. Ikan tuna dan makarel, atau tahu dan tempe bagi para vegetarian
merupakan sumber protein.
4. Vitamin C telah terbukti dapat mengurangi resiko kanker.
5. Ikan salmon yang mengandung asam lemak omega 3 bermanfaat bagi
penderita penyakit jantung koroner.

Activity 4
Translate the previous passage into Indonesian.
LISTENING SCRIPT:

1. variety
2. beneficial
3. nutrients
4. lysine
5. source
6. dairy
7. vegetables
 CHAPTER 5
CHILDREN’S DENTAL HYGIENE

I. Reading
Activity 1
Study the following conversation.

Parent: How can I best care for my child’s teeth?

Dentist: Dental hygiene habits should begin before your child’s first tooth
comes in. Wiping your baby’s gums with a soft damp cloth after
feedings helps to prevent the buildup of bacteria. When teeth
appear start using a soft children’s toothbrush twice a day. When
your child is preschool-age, start using fluoride tooth paste.Don’t
cover the brush with toothpaste; pea-sized amount is just right.
Young children tend to swallow most of the paste, and swallowing
too much fluoride toothpaste can cause permanent stains on
their teeth.

Parent: What about using fluoride tablets?

Dentist: Fluoride helps make teeth strong by hardening the tooth enamel
Many cities are required to add fluoride to tap water. If you live an
area where the tap water doesn’t contain fluoride, your doctor may
prescribe daily fluoride tablets when your child is about 6 month
old.

Parent: What are cavities?

Dentist: Cavities are holes that are formed when bacteria or germs in our
mouth use the sugar in food to make acid. This acid eats away at
the teeth. Cavities are the most common disease in children..

Parent: Is my child at risk for cavities?

Dentist: Your child might be at risk for cavities if he or she eats a lot of
Sugary foods (such as raisins, cookies, and candy) and drinks
sweet liquids (such as fruit juice and punch, soda, and sweetened
drinks). Your child also might be at risk if he or she has any of the
following risk factors:
 Was born prematurely or weighed very little at birth
 Has ongoing special health care needs
 Has white spots or brown areas on any teeth
  Does not go to the dentist very often
Parent: How can I help stop cavities?
Dentist: Everyone in your family should take good care of their teeth. Family
members with lots of cavities can pass the cavity-causing bacteria
to babies and children. Teeth should be brushed twice a day and
adults should floss once a day. Everyone should see the dentist
twice a year.

Activity 2
Answer the following questions.

1. How should we care a baby’s teeth?

2. When should a child start using toothpaste?
3. What is the effect of having too much fluoride?
4. When should a child consume fluoride tablets?
5. What kind of child has probability to have cavities?
6. Are cavities a common disease that most children suffer from? Give your
reason(s) to support answer.
7. What should we do to keep us from having cavities?
8. What is the following word refer to:
a. This (line 19)
b. He (line 22)
c. She (line 22)
9. What is the meaning of the following word:
a. Wiping =
b. a soft damp cloth =
c. buildup =
d. stains =
e. pea-sized amount =
f. tap water =
g. at risk =
10. Find the word(s) in the passage that means:
a. memakan habis =
b. yang sedang berlangsung =
c. menulis resep (obat) =
11. The suitable title for the passage is …

Activity 3
Translate the previous passage into good Indonesian.

Activity 4
Make a summary of the conversation with your own words and approximately
in 100 words.
 II. Speaking

Activity 1
Suppose you are doing a campaign on the children’s dental hygiene to the
local community. Prepare a speech for the campaign and practice it in front of
your class.

Activity 2
Practice the previous dialogue with your partner.

Activity 3
With your partner, make a dialogue based on the provided situation.

Situation:
A mother has come in today. She is complaining that it has been difficult for
her to persuade her 3-year-old daughter to brush her teeth. In addition, the
child keeps on her thumb-sucking. The mother is therefore asking for your
advice how to keep the child’s teeth

III. Writing

Activity 1
Write a poster for the campaign on the children’s oral hygiene. The poster
should explain how to take care of the children’s oral hygiene.

Activity 2
Write a speech on the balanced diet that is beneficial for the children’s oral
hygiene and which one is bad for it. The speech is going to be delivered for
the parents in the local community.