Словотворення

 
NOUNS
 TASK 1
 Study the information in the table.
Noun Suffixes
-er added to a verb is used for the person who does an activity: writer, worker, singer,... (sometimes
-or, as in actor, sailor, supervisor,...)
-er/-or are also used for things which do a particular job: tin-opener, projector, ...
-er and -ee can contrast with each other, meaning “person who does something” (-er) and “person
who receives or experiences the action” (-ee): employer/employee, ...
-(t)ion is used to make nouns from verbs: communication, pollution, admission, ...
-ist (person) and -ism (activity or ideology): marxist/Marxism, terrorist/terrorism, ...
-ist is also used for people who play musical instruments: pianist, violinist, ...
-al is added to some verbs to make nouns: arrival, refusal, ...
-ness is used to make abstract nouns from adjectives: happiness, goodness, weakness, ...
-ment is used to make abstract nouns from verbs: excitement, enjoyment, ...
-hood is used to make abstract nouns, especially family terms, from nouns: childhood, brotherhood.
-ship is used to make abstract nouns, especially status, from nouns: friendship, membership,
partnership, ...
-(i)ty is used to make abstract nouns from adjectives: honesty, loyalty, ...
 
TASK 2
 
Do the exercises. Practise the noun formation.
1. Form corresponding nouns.
1. to add — _________________ 9. to educate — _________________
2. to admire — _________________ 10. to examine — _________________
3. to celebrate — _________________ 11. to invite — _________________
4. to compose — _________________ 12. to observe —_____________
5. to cooperate — _________________ 13. to protect — _________________
6. to decorate — _________________ 14. to subtract — _________________
7. to devote — _________________ 15. to translate — _________________
8. to dictate — _________________
 
2. Make nouns from each of the following adjectives and nouns.
1. true _________________ (happy)
2. a sign of _________________ (weak)
3. to treat somebody with _________________ (kind)
4. his own greed and _________________ (selfish)
5. in early _________________ (child)
6. happy _________________ (adult)
7. to live in peace and _________________ (brother)
8. a religious _________________ (sister)
 
3. Give the noun form of these verbs.
1. improve (get better) — _________________
2. govern (control affairs of a country, city or town) _________________
3. manage (direct or control business) _________________
4. elect (choose somebody by voting) _________________
5. spell (to write a word) _________________
6. inform (tell someone something)_________
7. discuss (talk about something usually seriously) _________________
8. jog (running as a form of exercise) _________________
 
4. How do you call someone who does the following?
1. someone who drives a car is a _________________
2. someone who translates is a _________________
3. someone who studies the mind is a _________________
4. someone who studies the economy is an _________________
5. someone who teaches children at school is a _________________
6. someone who acts in movies is an _________________
7. someone who plays football is a _________________
8. someone who designs buildings is an _________________
9. someone who takes pictures is a _________________
10. someone who employs people is an _________________
11. someone who works on a ship is a _________________
 
5. Use the word in bold to form the noun which refers to the person who does that job.
1. A person who acts for a living is called an _________________.
2. A _________________ is someone who earns money from writing music.
3. She didn’t become famous as a _________________ until her 17th novel was published.
4. One who works at a particular occupation or activity is an office _________________.
5. An _________________ is someone who will be able to go through your accounts and work out
how much money you have.
6. _________________ to the castle are expected to come during visiting times only.
7. A woman who plays the piano as a profession is a _________________.
8. I like listening to music, especially when Sally’s playing the violin. She is a professional
_________________ .______________________
 
б. Complete each of the sentences by inserting the noun formed from the verb in brackets.
Kids love secret codes. Parents love impressing friends and family with well-behaved children. It’s
the perfect (1) _________________ (combine). Discuss with your kids a (2) _________________
(state) or (3) _________________ (act) that is code for “remember your manners!” Maybe you’ll
tap your wrist and ask your son if he forgot his watch. Or you’ll say, “I’ve been looking forward to
this dinner all day.” Others won’t know that you just secretly told your kids to straighten up. Kids
will find (4) _________________ (appreciate) in not being embarrassed by their parents.
 
7. Complete each of the sentences by inserting the noun formed from the verb in brackets.
Rules for the dieter:
Don’t criticize other’s food (1) _________________ (choose).
It’s okay to express (2) _________________ (disapprove) at the gigantic proportions on your plate.
Children should hear adults’ (3) _______________________ (discuss) healthy eating and smart
choices – not diets and jean sizes.
Don’t be a food (4) _________________ (push).
 
8. Complete each of the sentences by inserting the noun formed from the verb in brackets.
Express your (1) _________________ (gratify) frequently by thanking others. Be creative!
Study the (2) _________________ (differ) between needs and wants.
Follow the (3) _________________ (recommend): make a gratitude list.
Remember that there is no (4) _________________ (expire) date on gratitude!
 
9. Choose the correct item.
1. He’s a man of great ...
A generousness
В generoushood
C generosity
D generously
 
2. I’ll always remember my ... as a very happy period of my life.
A childness
В childhood
C childish
D childless
 
3. We can’t go on unless we have his ...
A agreement
В agreeable
C disagree
D agreeability
 
4. She takes great care about her ...
A appearment
В appearness
C appearance
D apparition
 
5. She said nothing in her ...
A defensive
В defend
C defence
D defendant
 
6. His daughter’s success gave him great ...
A satisfied
В satisfaction
C satisfactory
D disatisfaction
 
10. Fill the blank spaces with the appropriate word from the list.
 
relationship partnership fellowship
friendship membership ownership
 
1. It’s the story of an extraordinary _________________ between a boy and a seal.
2. They offer students counselling and _________________.
3. The club has a _________________ of more than 500.
4. Marriage should be an equal _________________.
5. The restaurant is under new _________________.
6. I’m really interested in the _________________ between mothers and their children.
 
11. Use the correct form of the word in brackets.
1. My teacher says there has been a big _________________ in my English lately, (improve)
2. Selling the house is just one _________________ that is open to us. (possible)
3. Why did you do that? ! thought you had more _________________ than that, (intelligent)
4. The singer gave a brilliant _________________ on stage yesterday, (perform)
5. Have you seen her magazine _________________? She must have over 200 editions, (collect)
6. On hearing the news, everyone was overcome with a feeling of _________________. (sad)
7. Animal owners were given leaflets and brochures on how to look after their pets in order to
prevent _________________ towards animals, (cruel)
8. She has the _________________ to pass the exam first time round providing she works hard,
(able)
 
ADJECTIVES SUFFIXES
 
TASK 1
 
Study the information in the table.
Adjective Suffixes
-able/-ible with verbs means “can be done”: readable, countable, edible, flexible, ...
-ive is used to make adjectives from verbs: active, passive, ...
-al is used to make adjectives from nouns: brutal, legal, ...
-ous is used to make adjectives from nouns: dangerous, furious, ...
-ful is used to make adjectives from nouns or verbs: hopeful, useful, forgetful, ...
-less is used to make adjectives from nouns or verbs: useless, harmless, cloudless, ...
-ic/-ical is used to make adjectives with nouns: economic/economical, ...
-ish can be added to most common adjectives and means “resembling or being in a similar state”:
childish, boyish,..; or “to make them less precise”: reddish hair, she’s thirtyish, come about eightish
-y is usually added to uncountable nouns meaning a material: sandy, milky, foggy,....
 
TASK 2
 
Do the exercises. Practice the forming of adjectives with the help of suffixes. Consult the dictionary
in case of any difficulty.
1. Match the adjectives forming suffixes with the appropriate words.
 
1. interest, tire, bore A. -ic
2. romance, sympathy, science B. -(i)ous
3. practice, nature, logic C. -ful / -less
4. like, rely, sense D. -ing / -ed
5. ideal, real, individual E. -al
6. mood, stuff, happiness, cloud F. -(i/a)ble
7. self, child G. (/e)nt
8. decision, create, imagination H. -ish
9. importance, tolerate, difference I. -ive
10 mystery, ambition, danger J. -istic
.
11 hope, care, help K. -y
.
 
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
 
2. Make an adjective from each of the following nouns.
1. interest —__________________
2. enthusiasm —_______________
3. fluency —___________________
4. sensation —_________________
5. nation —___________________
6. democracy —________________
7. help —_____________________
8. hunger —___________________
9. experiment —_______________
 
3. Form adjectives from the given nouns if possible.
!!!! Not all adjectives ending in -ful have a positive meaning.
  Positive meaning -ful Negative meaning -less
Beauty    
Brain    
Care    
Charm    
Event    
Faith    
Harm    
Help    
Hope    
Home    
Pain    
Peace    
Penny    
Power    
Sleep    
Taste    
Thought    
Time    
Use    
 
4. Complete the sentences using an adjective ending in -ful or in -less.
1. I liked the story very much. I thought it was _________________. (delight)
2. The man felt no fear when he went hunting. He was really a _________________ hunter, (fearj
3. My friend talks all the time. His words are _________________. (end)
4. Children should be _________________ to their parents. (thank)
5. Bright flowers make the room look _________________. (cheer)
6. Only a very _________________ craftsman could make such a beautiful piece of furniture.
(skill)
 
5. Unscramble the words.
1. full of cheer: hcerelflu ________________
2. not happy: pypunha__________________
3. in a gentle way: ylentg _______________
4. the opposite of able: nbleau_______________
5. in a kind way: lykdin _________________
6. involving a lot of risk: edganorsu________
 
6. Complete each sentence by inserting the adjective formed from the word in brackets.
1. It was a very _________________ decision, (fool)
2. The supermarket was situated in a _________________ square, (center)
3. Gold is a very _________________ metal, (value)
4. Mark Twain wrote many _________________ stories, (humour)
5. Susan feels quite _________________ in this warm light room, (comfort)
6. The runner was a man of _________________ build, (athlete)
7. The group of boys studied the _________________ sky through a telescope, (star)
8. A _________________ person soon puts you at your ease, (friend)
 
7. In the following paragraph there are fourteen words ending with -ible or -able, some of which
are misspelled. Read the paragraph, locate the misspelled words and write the correct
spellings in the space provided below the paragraph.
Most people thought that Michael, an eligable bachelor, was an adorable, personible man. Mattie,
however, found him detestable. Some time ago, Michael promised to take Mattie to a fashionible
restaurant for a remarkible dinner. As horrable as it sounds, Michael took Mattie to the local
McDonald’s. Most of the food there was either inedable or undigestable. Mattie was as irritable as
passable when she told her roommates about her terrible date. “Whoever finally marries that
contemptable Michael,” Mattie said, “is certainly not going to be in an enviable position.”
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
8. In the following sentences, the final four letters are omitted from each -ible or -able word.
Complete each word with the appropriate ending.
1. Last night’s movie about the invis _____ man was so incred _____ that it was laugh _____.
2. My irrespons _____ little brother is usually kept away from anything break _____.
3. Are these new clothes really comfort _____, or do people only wear them because they are
fashion _____?
4. I think I would be less irrit _____ if my professors were more flex _____.
5. I don’t think voting twice in national elections is permiss _____.
6. It’s always valu _____ to have a friend who is depend _____.
7. My employer said that it isn’t suit _____ to have a secretary whose handwriting is illeg _____.
 
9. Choose the correct item.
1. I didn’t enjoy the film. The story was so ... .
2. I don’t feel very ... about the future. In fact, I’m very worried.
3. I didn’t enjoy the restaurant at all. I thought the food was really ... .
4. You can never trust what he says. He’s so ....
5. The museum is certainly very' .... There are so many amazing things to see.
6. ’It is a .... moment,’ he told journalists.
7. Was King Arthur a real ... figure?
8. Kathy seems to take a very ... role in the relationship.
9. We’ve decided to go to a quiet fishing village with a ... harbour.
 
  A В C D
1 believing unbelievable disbelief disbeliever
2 optimism optimistic optimum optimistically
3 disgust disgusting disgusted disgutedly
4 unreliable reliable reliability unreliability
5 impressed impression impressive impress
6 histerical historable historic history
7 historical historic histeric history
8 pass passivity passion passive
9 picture picturesque pictured depicted
 
10. Use the words in capitals to form a word that fits in the space in the same place.
 Working full-time can be a STRESS 1 _________________
very (1)... experience for SUCCESS 2 _________________
most people; long hours and COMPETE 3 _________________
the pressure to be (2)... in a NERVE 4 _________________
(3) ... society both contribute
   
to the build-up of anxiety. If
EXHUAST 5 _________________
you’re feeling (4)..., there’s
ACTIVE 6 _________________
no better way to relax than to
exercise. However, many BENEFIT 7 _________________
people return from work too PLEASURE 8 _________________
(5) ... to move. People are CONFIDENCE 9 _________________
criticized for being lazy and ENERGY 10 _________________
(6) ... and for watching too SUIT 11 _________________
much television which is not
(7) ... to our health. Taking
regular exercise can be both
relaxing and (8) ... and people
who feel healthy often also
feel more (9) ... . You don’t
need to be especially (10) ...
to take up a sport; simply
choose one that is (11) ... to
your character.
 
 ADJECTIVES PREFIXES
 
TASK 1
 Study the material in the table.
Adjectives Prefixes
Prefixes are often used to give adjectives a negative meaning. The most common adjective
prefixes are
un-, in- and dis-: uncomfortable, inconvenient, dishonest, ...
in- becomes im- before a root beginning with ’m’ or ’p’ (immature, impatient),
ir- before a word beginning with ’r’ (irregular) and
il- before a word beginning with ‘l’ (illegal, illiterate).
in- does not always have a negative meaning; it often gives the idea of inside or into: internal,...
over- and under- can be added to adjectives and Past Participles, and mean “having too much of a
given feature (over-)” and “having too little of a given feature (under-)”: overcooked, underdone, ...
Other common prefixes are:
a- meaning: on, in, of, not, without: anew
ab- meaning: away, from: abnormal
anti- meaning: opposing, against: antisocial
hyper- meaning: more than normal: hyperactive
mal- meaning: bad, wrongful: maladjusted
non- meaning: absence, negation: non-alcoholic
pre- meaning: before in time, place, order or importance: prearranged
sub- meaning: nearly, approximately: subtropical
super- meaning: above, beyond, over: superhuman
 
TASK 2
 Do the exercises. Practice the formation of adjectives with the help of prefixes. Consult the
dictionary in case of any difficulty.
1. Add appropriate prefix to make a new adjective.
1. social —___________________ 7. leading —__________________
2. honest —__________________ 8. happy —___________________
3. legible —__________________ 9. fed -______________________
4. mature -___________________ 10. developed —_______________
5. acceptable —_______________ 11. done —___________________
6. responsible —_______________ 12. crowded — _________________
 
2. What's the opposite? Choose the correct item.
1. honest  4. possible
A dishonest A impossible
В unhonest В unpossible
C inhonest C dispossible
D imhonest D inpossible
   
2. careful 5. cooperative
A caring A incooperative
В careless В uncooperative
C care-free C imcooperative
D careness D discooperative
   
3. loyal 6. active
A unloyal A unactive
В disloyal В inactive
C unloyal C disactive
D inloyal D nonactive
 
3. Unscramble the words.
1. faster than the speed of sound: suopeicrsn _________________
2. unable to have babies: iienrftel _________________
3. floating on water: laotaf _________________
4. still living and not dead: vaile _________________
5. if you are wrong about something that you thought you knew or saw: eisamntk ____________
6. not polite: eimloitp _________________
7. being planned or happening: taofo _________________
8. designed to destroy enemy tank: nait-atkn _________________
 
4. Complete each sentence with an adjective that best fills the gap.
 supernatural abnormal understaffed overweight
hyperactive immoral illegible maladjusted
 1. It’s _________________ to be rich while people are starving and homeless.
2. His handwriting is totally _________________.
3. My parents thought it was _________________ for a boy to be interested in ballet.
4. A child who is too active and is not able to keep still or be quiet for very long is a _________
child.
5. А _________________ child behaves badly and is unable to form good relationships with people
because they have emotional problems.
6. My luggage was _________________ by five kilos.
7. I was sure in his _________________ powers.
8. They are not having enough workers, I think, the office is _________________.
 
5. Choose the correct prefix.
1. legal 5. direct
A il- A il-
В im- В un-
C re- C in-
   
2. even 6. possible
A mis- A ir-
В trans- В im-
C un- C un-
   
3. certain 7. regular
A in- A il-
В dis- В im-
C un- C ir-
   
4. fortunate 8. moral
A un- A in-
В in- В il-
C im- C im-
 
 6. Match the prefix with the correct words.
 1. im- A. organized, honest
2. dis- B. responsible, regular, reparable
3. il- C. logical, legal
4. ir- D. possible, pregnable
5. in- E. lucky, able, tidy, stoppable
6. un- F. decisive, correct
 
7. Write a new word using a prefix: un-, mis-, dis- or in-.
1. friendly —____________________ 6. interpreted —_________________
2. reasonable —__________________ 7. approved —___________________
3. informed —___________________ 8. predictable — _________________
4. valuable —____________________ 9. attentive —___________________
5. appropriate —_________________
 
8. Complete the sentences with the appropriate words from the box.
 disinterested inaccurate invisible indecent
untidy immobile unimportant unusual
 1. You can’t go out in that dress - it’s positively _____________________ !
2. She could see a figure sitting _____________________, facing the sea.
3. He continued speaking and dwelling on _____________________ details.
4. He was fined $300,000 for making _____________________ statements to Congress.
5. Her clothes were in an _____________________ heap on the floor.
6. Her response was _____________________.
7. The house was surrounded by trees and _____________________ from the road.
8. A lawyer should provide _____________________ advice.
 
9. Put the word in brackets into the correct form. Use prefixes and/or suffixes.
1. He was sitting in a _____________________ seat on the train, (comfort)
2. There was a _____________________ light coming from the window. (green)
3. He was acting in a very _____________________ way. (child)
4. This word is very difficult to spell, and even worse, it’s _____________________. (pronounce)
5. I try not to go to the supermarket at 5pm because it’s _____________________. (practice)
6. You shouldn’t have done that! It was very _____________________ of you. (think)
7. He didn’t pass his exam. He was _____________________ for the second time. (succeed)
8. There was the need for _____________________ construction when the fighting stopped. (war)
9. The party was _____________________, everything went wrong. (disaster)
10.The film was so _____________________ that we left before the end. (bore)
11.Violent crimes against the elderly are fortunately very _____________________. (common)
 
10. Choose the correct prefix to make negative forms of the adjectives.
1. Helen is certain whether to go to France or not.
A dis- B im- C il- D un- E ir-
 2. It’s totally rational but I’m afraid of spiders.
A dis- В im- C il- D un- E ir-
 3. It’s legal to drive when the light is red.
A dis- В im- C il- D un- E ir-
 4. It was possible to sleep because of the noise.
A dis- В im- C il- D un- E ir-
 5. He gave the editor a honest account of events.
A dis- В im- C il- D un- E ir-
 6. Why did you write this sentence? It’s completely logical.
A dis- В im- C il- D un- E ir-
 7. It will be polite to refuse his invitation.
A dis- В im- C il- D un- E ir-
 8. He had an reliable car.
A dis- В im- C il- D un- E ir-
 9. She was taken to hospital suffering from an regular heartbeat.
A dis- В im- C il- D un- E ir-
 10. The campaign was hopelessly organized.
A dis- В im- C il- D un- E ir-
 
WORD FORMATION TESTS
 
TEST 1
 Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each iine to form a word that fits
in the space in the same iine. Write your word in the answer boxes provided.
 
Buckingham Palace has sent out (1) _____________________ for the INVITE
wedding of Prince William and Kate Middleton. Officials have not JOURNAL
disclosed who is invited but (2) _____________________ who follow POLICY
the royal family say half of the guests are family and friends. The rest CELEBRATE
will be leading British (3) _____________________, VIPs from all
over the world, and a scattering of stars and celebrities. Of those invited
to the ceremony at London’s Westminster Abbey on April 29, a third
will go on to attend a (4) _____________________ reception at
Buckingham Palace hosted by Queen Elizabeth, and then half of those
will go on to a dinner party hosted by Prince Charles, William’s father.
 
 
TEST 2
 Read the text beiow. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits
in the space in the same line. Write your word in the answer boxes provided.
 
For those who want a (1) _____________________ stylist affair, the UNIQUE
Wynn Las Vegas offers its “elegant affair” package. Check that out: CONSULT
$23,090 buys a dedicated wedding (2) _____________________, TRADITION TREAT
private limousine, private check-in, all the (3)  
_____________________ ceremony elements, beauty salon services,  
multiple spa (4) _____________________, golf package for two with REASON
personal caddy for each, two nights in a 2,490 sq. ft villa, and more. But
couples don’t need to shy away from the Wynn because of that package,
the Wedding Salons at Wynn Las Vegas offers several other packages
that range from basic through the Wynn ceremony, at much more (5)
_____________________ prices.
 
 
TEST 3
 
Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits
in the space in the same line. Write your word in the answer boxes provided.
 
Enemv drinks packed full of caffeine mav be (1) HARM CONCLUDE
_____________________ for children. That’s the (2)  
_____________________ of a new report from the University of  
Miami. Study author Judith Schaechter said popular drinks like Red REACT
Bull and Monster Energy have no health benefits. Many of the REGULAR
ingredients used to make them are not regulated. Dr. Schaechter warned STEADY
that children with conditions such as diabetes, mood swings and heart,
kidnev or liver diseases mav have negative (3)
_____________________ to the drinks and could even die after
drinking them. Nearly a third of American children between the ages of
12 to 14 (4) _____________________ buy these beverages. Sales are
(5) _____________________ rising. American teens say the drinks help
them at school.
 
TEST 4
 
Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits
in the space in the same iine. Write your word in the answer boxes provided.
 
Austria is a (1) _____________________ destination for outdoor WONDER SKI
enthusiasts. Go (2) _____________________ in the Alps, enjoy the SWIM
hiking trails, cycle along the paths or go (3) _____________________ CHOOSE
in its lakes. Yes, lakes. Even though Austria is surrounded by land, the TOURISM
Bodensee is a great water destination. Whatever vour (4) PERFORM
_____________________ May be, the fresh air is balm for your soul.  
Although Vienna is its capital, other cities such as Salzbure. Innsbruck HISTORY
and Linz draw manv (5) _____________________. Austria is also ROMANCE ABSOLUTE
known for its influence on the opera and classical music. No trip could
be considered complete without watching at least one (6)
_____________________.
You will come across (7) _____________________ sites, statues,
quaint cafes and restaurants. It trulv is a (8) _____________________
citv. One of the highlights is indulging on the sweets. The Sachertorte is
(9) _____________________ delicious but there are hundreds of other
options for you to try. You are on vacation, right? Enjoy it!
 
 
TEST 5
 
Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits
in the space in the same line. Write your word in the answer boxes provided.
 
Some of the best Florida beach destinations for (1) VACATION
_____________________ aren’t (2) _____________________ those NECESSARY
that earn national (3) _____________________ as the best beaches. RECOGNIZE
They may not have the best sand or the biggest waves, but what thev do SPECIFY
is cater to (4) _____________________ crowds that love them just the RECREATION AMUSE
way they are.
There are other (5) _____________________ opportunities including
water sports and familv-friendly (6) _____________________ and
water parks.
 
TEST 6
 
Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each iine to form a word that fits
in the space in the same line. Write your word in the answer boxes provided.
 
Madeira is located in the (1) _____________________ Atlantic Ocean EAST
southwest of Portugal and off the coast of Africa. The island is (2) BREATHTAKING
_____________________ beautiful with spectacular views and SAND
something for everyone. About the only things lacking on Madeira are COMPENSATING
flat land and (3) _____________________ beaches. The Madeirans use NEIGHBOR
terraces and bridges to (4) _____________________ for the flat land MOUNTAIN
and take the short trio to the (5) _____________________ island of
Porto Santo to sit on sandy beaches. Madeiran vacation is recommended
to anyone who loves (6) _____________________ islands, perfect
weather, and beautiful flora.
 
TEST 7
 
Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each Sine to form a word that fits
in the space in the same line. Write your word in the answer boxes provided.
 
The letter of (1) _____________________ shows a prospective (2) APPLY EMPLOY
_____________________ that you know how to write a letter. While IMPORTANT
this may be of decreasing (3) _____________________ in an electronic HIGH CLEAR
age, many employers still value it (4) _____________________, both EFFECTIVE
as a skill in its own right and as a test of your ability to communicate (5)
_____________________ and (6) _____________________.
 

TEST 8
 
Read the text beiow. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits
in the space in the same line. Write your word in the answer boxes provided.
 
Rio de Janeiro is a citv of (1) _____________________ beaches, (2) SAND ENERGY
_____________________ football, sensual samba and pulsating TENSE DAY
Carnival. It is the place where you go to forget all the (3)  
_____________________ of (4) _____________________ life and FAME
enjoy some time alone with your partner. Right in Rio de Janeiro, on the HISTORY
Copacabana beach, is one of the finest hotels of Brazil — Copacabana LUXURY RESIDE
Palace. Catering to the rich and (5) _____________________ since
1923, Copacabana Palace is one of the first hotels in Rio to be built on
the seashore. Forming a part of Brazil’s (6) _____________________
heritage, the hotel prides itself on its consummate services, delectable
cuisine, (7) _____________________ opulence and elegant (8)
_____________________.
 
 
TEST 9
 
Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits
in the space in the same line. Write your word in the answer boxes provided.
 
Cocoa trees grew wild in the jungle, and the ancient Maya and Aztec SPICE
civilizations of Central America used them to make a (1)  
_____________________ rather bitter drink for special occasions. GRADUAL FASHION
Centuries later the Aztec Empire fell, and the Conquistador Hernan CHOOSE
Cortes brought cocoa beans back across the ocean to Spain. NOBLE
(2) _____________________ chocolate spread across Europe — it was AFFORD
the (3) _____________________ (4) _____________________ of POPULAR
Kings and Queens, the (5) _____________________ and the rich, just
like caviar or champagne today. At the end of the 19th Century milk
was added, and at last someone devised a way of making chocolate to
eat as well as to drink. But it wasn’t until the 20th centurv that
chocolate became (6) _____________________ for everyone.
So chocolate has been on an epic journey, but its (7)
_____________________ is enduring: prized once by Aztec warriors
and today by millions of people around the world.
 
 TEST 10
 
Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits
in the space in the same line. Write your word in the answer boxes provided.
 
It starts with that telltale little tingle, and within a day or two, you have  
nasty little red sores around your mouth. No one likes to have a cold FORTUNATE TREAT
sore outbreak, but (1) _____________________, there are new (2) MINIMUM HEAL
_____________________ available to help vou (3) CONSTANT
_____________________ the pain and speed the (4) PRESCRIPTION
_____________________.
If vou’re (5) _____________________ getting cold sores, your doctor
may decide to (6) _____________________ an antiviral medication —
either a cream or ointment or an oral medication.
 
 
TEST 11
 
Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each iine to form a word that fits
in the space in the same line. Write your word in the answer boxes provided.
 
Our skin is (1) _____________________ affected by (2) CONSTANT NUMBER
_____________________ factors, including sunlight, cold weather, too ATTRACT
dry air and so on. As a result, the process of aging speeds up and makes DEVELOP
our skin look much less (3) _____________________ and youthful than  
we want it to. However, with the (4) _____________________ of NATURE
modern cosmetic which gives us great natural revitalizing, rejuvenating EFFECTIVE
and anti aging skin care products, silky smooth skin is not just a dream
for many of modern ladies over 30. Besides, they can always try various
(5) _____________________ approaches that have been used for
centuries and have proven their (6) _____________________.
 
TEST 12
 
Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits
in the space in the same line. Write your word in the answer boxes provided.
 
The Algarve is the most (1) _____________________ region of SOUTH
Portugal and it’s one of Europe’s favourite holiday destinations well GLORY VARIOUS
known for (2) _____________________ year round sunshine and GOLD
excellent sandy beaches. These (3) _____________________ from TOURIST
secluded coves with amazing cliffs to vast stretches of (4) PRESENT ARCHITECT
_____________________ sand all sea washed by the fresh and clear FERTILIZE TRADITION
Atlantic ocean. Inland vou will find quaint villages barelv touched bv NUMBER
(5) _____________________. Traces of the Moorish (6)
_____________________ are still evident in the local (7)
_____________________. The orange groves and blossoming almond
trees add colour to this (8) _____________________ region in contrast
with the whitewashed (9) _____________________ houses. Due to the
mild nature of the weather the Algarve is ideal for many outdoor
sporting activities such as water sports, golf in one of the (10)
_____________________ world-class golf courses, tennis, horse riding,
and many more.
 
 
TEST 13
 
Read the text beiow. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits
in the space in the same line. Write your word in the answer boxes provided.
 
A sore throat is a common (1) _____________________ condition MEDICINE
also known as “pharyngitis”. Sore throats can be caused by viruses, POLLUTE
bacteria or substances such as alcohol, tobacco or (2) REQUIREMENT
_____________________ Sore throats that do not (3) PRESCRIPTION
_____________________ antibiotics or other (4) INTERVENE TYPICAL
_____________________ medications can usually be self-treated PAINFUL APPEARANCE
by some simple (5) _____________________. The common
“mild” sore throat is (6) _____________________ one which is
slightly (7) _____________________ when swallowing, has a
red/irritated (8) _____________________ and may include a low-
grade fever.
 
 
TEST 14
 
Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits
in the space in the same line. Write your word in the answer boxes provided.
 
The first floppy disk was invented by a team of (1) RESEARCH
_____________________ at IBM in the year 1971. The team was headed bv DESIGN
Alan Shugart and the main (2) _____________________ in the team was PROFESSION
David Noble. INFORM
The (3) _____________________ at IBM wanted to create a device which  
could store (4) _____________________ for the users as backup for their MAGNET
software programmes and other files. These floppy disks were known as LIMITATE NON-
memory disks in the beginning. The first floppy disk was 8 inches in RELIABLE
diameter and was made of plastic material and had (5) ORIGIN
_____________________ iron oxide. These floppy disks were a great
success. Later the disk faced some (6) _____________________ due to its
big size and (7) _____________________ over a longer period. Many
companies started on improving the (8) _____________________ floppy.
 
TEST 15
 
Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits
in the space in the same line. Write your word in the answer boxes provided.
 
The first telephone was made by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.  
(1) _____________________ believe that another (2) HISTORY INVENT
_____________________ Elisha Gray also invented the telephone at the INDEPENDENCE
same time (3) _____________________ and both the inventors rushed to INVENT
the patent office to get their (4) _____________________ patented but  
Graham Bell got the patent first on March 7, 1876. Graham bell was born PAINT MUSIC
on March 3, 1847 in Edinburgh, Scotland. His father was a teacher of HEAR
“visible speech” and helped teachers teach the deaf. Graham’s mother, a DEMONSTRATE
portrait (5) _____________________ and a (6) _____________________
lost her power of (7) _____________________ when Graham was just
twelve. Graham used to help his father in (8) _____________________ and
acquired expertise in “visible speech”.