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    Hameg Oscillosope 01

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    The document discusses the use of oscilloscopes. It begins with a brief history, noting that oscilloscopes were originally cathode ray tubes invented in 1897, but are now predominantly digital. It describes how an oscilloscope works by plotting voltage over time on its axes. The document then provides detailed instructions on how to use an oscilloscope, including setting controls, connecting probes, and taking measurements of signals. Key features like voltage, time, phase, and different common waveforms are explained.

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    Hameg Oscillosope 01

    Uploaded by

    ric_napigkit
    113 views10 pages
    The document discusses the use of oscilloscopes. It begins with a brief history, noting that oscilloscopes were originally cathode ray tubes invented in 1897, but are now predominantly digital. It describes how an oscilloscope works by plotting voltage over time on its axes. The document then provides detailed instructions on how to use an oscilloscope, including setting controls, connecting probes, and taking measurements of signals. Key features like voltage, time, phase, and different common waveforms are explained.

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    hameg oscillosope 01

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    The document discusses the use of oscilloscopes. It begins with a brief history, noting that oscilloscopes were originally cathode ray tubes invented in 1897, but are now predominantly digital. It describes how an oscilloscope works by plotting voltage over time on its axes. The document then provides detailed instructions on how to use an oscilloscope, including setting controls, connecting probes, and taking measurements of signals. Key features like voltage, time, phase, and different common waveforms are explained.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    113 views10 pages

    Hameg Oscillosope 01

    Uploaded by

    ric_napigkit
    The document discusses the use of oscilloscopes. It begins with a brief history, noting that oscilloscopes were originally cathode ray tubes invented in 1897, but are now predominantly digital. It describes how an oscilloscope works by plotting voltage over time on its axes. The document then provides detailed instructions on how to use an oscilloscope, including setting controls, connecting probes, and taking measurements of signals. Key features like voltage, time, phase, and different common waveforms are explained.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    Oscilloscopes

    Application Note

    Feng Yu

    November 9, 2007

    Abstract:
    Oscilloscope is a measuring instrument which is used more and more in different
    areas in our lives. The content of following application note is about what an oscilloscope
    is and how to use it.

    Keywords:
    Oscilloscope, O-scope, Electrical Test Equipment, Cathode Ray Tubes
    Introduction:

    The oscilloscope is basically a test device with graph-displaying. It draws a graph of an

    electrical signal changing over time by using the vertical (Y) axis represents voltage and

    the horizontal (X) axis represents time. Sometimes the intensity or brightness of the

    display is called the Z axis.

    The oldest form of oscilloscopes called cathode ray tube, was invented by German

    physicist Karl Ferdinand Braun in 1897. Today we are widely using digital oscilloscope

    which became prevalent since 1980s.

    Objective:

    Digital storage oscilloscopes use a fast analog-to-digital converter and memory chips to

    record and show a digital representation of a waveform, yielding much flexibility for

    triggering, analysis, and display. It is essential for anyone designing or repairing

    electronic equipment. A medical research uses an oscilloscope to measure brain waves.

    For engineers, there are many things that oscilloscope can help us to do:

    • Tell how much of a signal is noise and whether the noise is changing with time

    • See the “moving parts” of a circuit represented by the signal

    • Determine the time and voltage values of a signal

    • Calculate the frequency of an oscillating signal

    • Tell if a malfunctioning component is distorting the signal

    • Find out how much of a signal is direct current (DC) or alternating current(AC)
    How to Use:

    A. Setting controls:

    The diagram below shows a Hameg HM 203-6 oscilloscope. Following process of how to

    use an oscilloscope will base on this model. There are many types of oscilloscope but

    have similar controls.

    Figure 1

    A1: Check that all the controls are in their 'normal' positions, before switching the

    oscilloscope on. On the Hameg HM 203-6, make sure:


    Figure 2

    A2: Set both VOLTS/DIV controls to 1 V/DIV and the TIME/DIV control to 2s/DIV.

    A3: Switch ON, red power button on the top centre. The green LED illuminates and, after

    a few moments, a small bright spot, or trace should be moving fairly slowly across the

    screen.

    A4: Finding the Y-POS 1 control on the oscilloscope allows you to move the spot up and

    down the screen. For the present, twiddle it and adjust the trace so that it runs

    horizontally across the centre of the screen.

    A5: There are INTENSITY and FOCUS controls right next to the

    screen. Try to adjust them until the spot will be reasonably bright but

    not glaring (The TR control is screwdriver adjusted. It is only needed

    if the spot moves at an angle rather than horizontally across the

    screen with no signal connected.)

    Figure 3

    A6: There are some more standard operating positions which need to be set up like the

    diagram shown:
    Figure 4

    B. Connecting Probes:

    A special connector

    called BNC plug is used

    to make the connection

    to the input of channel

    with a red alligator clip

    Figure 5 connecting to the output

    of circuit and a black one connecting to the ground. There are many different types of

    ends can be used to connect to circuits.

    As a high-quality connector, a probe is designed not to influence testing results of

    circuits.

    C. Connecting the circuit to the oscilloscope:


    After setting up all the controls on the oscilloscope and choosing a right probe

    for the measurement purpose, circuit could be connected to oscilloscope. Then hit the

    Auto Set button. An output wave should show up on the screen of it. There are many

    different functions of waves could be chosen on the oscilloscope. To reach the

    measurement request, one of them could be hit.

    The since wave is the fundamental wave shape. It is most common wave shape

    produced by the oscillator circuit of a signal generator. The damped since wave is a

    special case you may see in a circuit that oscillates but winds down over time. The square

    wave is another common wave shape, and standard for testing amplifiers. The rectangular

    wave is a very similar wave shape with square wave. The only difference between them
    is that the high and low time intervals of rectangular wave are not of equal length. It is

    very important wave form to analyze digital circuitry. Sawtooth and triangle waves result

    from circuits designed to control voltages linearly. The step wave shows a sunnden

    change in voltage, and pulse indicates what you would see if you turned a power switch

    on and then off again.

    D. Wave measurements:

    Voltage is the electric potential between two points in a circuit. It is usually

    measured from peak-to-peak from the maximum point of a signal to its minimum point.

    Measurement of voltage is the primary job of oscilloscope. Figure 7 shows a display of

    oscilloscope.

    Figure 7: An Oscilloscope Graticule

    Figure 8 shows the voltage of one peak and the peak-to-peak voltage, which is

    usually twice peak voltage. Use the RMS (root-mean-square) voltage to calculate the

    power of an AC signal.
    Figure 8

    Time is usually measured by reading the horizontal scale of the oscilloscope.

    The period, pulse width, and timing of pulses could be determined by the time

    measurement. Figure 9 shows the way of figuring out the period and second.

    Figure 9

    Phase is based on sine wave. As Figure 10 below, it is 360 degrees in each cycle

    of sine wave. The voltage of different degree could be figure out on this figure.
    Figure 10

    Conclusion:

    An oscilloscope is an instrument in which the variations in a fluctuating

    electrical quantity appear temporarily as a visible wave form on the fluorescent screen of

    a cathode-ray tube. Oscilloscopes make signals monitored at the input and out of each

    system block. This might be one of best ways to investigate an electronic system. Today

    oscilloscope is widely used in medical, manufacturing and engineering fields.


    References:
    The Oscilloscope:
    https://www.cs.tcd.ie/courses/baict/bac/jf/labs/scope/oscilloscope.html

    Oscilloscope Tutorial:
    https://www.oscilloscope-tutorials.com

    Using an oscilloscope
    www.doctronics.co.uk/scope.htm

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