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    Disease Transmission Lab Questions

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    Andre Thompson
    This document contains 18 questions about smallpox, its transmission, vaccination efforts throughout history, and the ethics of medical experiments. Some key points addressed include: - Smallpox has a short incubation period, is highly contagious, and can thrive in most climates, making it a potential candidate for bioterrorism. - Edward Jenner was not the first to experiment with vaccination, as evidence suggests Jesty inoculated his family with cowpox first. - Before vaccination, the fatality rate of smallpox infection was between 20-60%. - While biology can prove the effectiveness of vaccination, questions around experimenting on prisoners and orphans are ethical matters. - The long-

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    Disease Transmission Lab Questions

    Uploaded by

    Andre Thompson
    77 views2 pages
    This document contains 18 questions about smallpox, its transmission, vaccination efforts throughout history, and the ethics of medical experiments. Some key points addressed include: - Smallpox has a short incubation period, is highly contagious, and can thrive in most climates, making it a potential candidate for bioterrorism. - Edward Jenner was not the first to experiment with vaccination, as evidence suggests Jesty inoculated his family with cowpox first. - Before vaccination, the fatality rate of smallpox infection was between 20-60%. - While biology can prove the effectiveness of vaccination, questions around experimenting on prisoners and orphans are ethical matters. - The long-

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    Biology Lab 111

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    This document contains 18 questions about smallpox, its transmission, vaccination efforts throughout history, and the ethics of medical experiments. Some key points addressed include: - Smallpox has a short incubation period, is highly contagious, and can thrive in most climates, making it a potential candidate for bioterrorism. - Edward Jenner was not the first to experiment with vaccination, as evidence suggests Jesty inoculated his family with cowpox first. - Before vaccination, the fatality rate of smallpox infection was between 20-60%. - While biology can prove the effectiveness of vaccination, questions around experimenting on prisoners and orphans are ethical matters. - The long-

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    77 views2 pages

    Disease Transmission Lab Questions

    Uploaded by

    Andre Thompson
    This document contains 18 questions about smallpox, its transmission, vaccination efforts throughout history, and the ethics of medical experiments. Some key points addressed include: - Smallpox has a short incubation period, is highly contagious, and can thrive in most climates, making it a potential candidate for bioterrorism. - Edward Jenner was not the first to experiment with vaccination, as evidence suggests Jesty inoculated his family with cowpox first. - Before vaccination, the fatality rate of smallpox infection was between 20-60%. - While biology can prove the effectiveness of vaccination, questions around experimenting on prisoners and orphans are ethical matters. - The long-

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    Andre Thompson

    1.19.2020
    Bio Lab
    Disease Transmission Lab Questions

    1. On Sept 11, 2001, the world was forced to confront the issue of Terrorism in a whole new
    way. One of the facets of this is the potential of bioterrorism. What is bioterrorism, and
    what are three reasons smallpox is such a likely candidate for use as a bioterror weapon?
    Bioterrorism is weaponizing diseases. Three reason smallpox is a likely candidate would
    be it has a short incubation period, it is highly contagious, and is suitable for most
    climates to thrive in.
    2. Edward Jenner is often credited with eliminating smallpox through the process of
    vaccination. Was he the first person to try this? Jesty appears to be the first to use
    cowpox for immunity.
    3. When did smallpox arise, and how or why did it spread globally? Around 10,000BC, the
    spread was due to the migration of people.
    4. Before vaccination, what was the fatality rate associated with smallpox infection?20-60%
    5. What does it mean to “inoculate” in the context of smallpox? To inoculate someone
    would mean to take who has been infected with smallpox, and transfer they contagious
    state to someone who has not been exposed, but rub a portion of their body.
    6. What are two major risks of inoculation with smallpox as it was performed before and
    during the 1600’s? There was a chance that other diseases could be developed, and that
    they could still transfer smallpox to others.
    7. Did the practice of inoculation arise only once, or more than once? If more than once,
    where? Africa, India, China
    8. Who was responsible (according to the reading) for starting inoculation in Europe in the
    early 1700’s? Lady Mary Wortley
    9. Can biology answer the question of whether or not it is morally right to have children,
    especially those 4 and 5 years of age, inoculated in such a manner? I think biology
    proved that humans at those ages are able to be vaccinated sooner to prevent future
    potential harm due to the disease.
    10. Can biology answer the question of whether or not is morally acceptable to subject
    prisoners to such experiments as those involving inoculation with a deadly disease, and
    then knowingly exposing them to that disease? I don’t think biology can answer this
    question. I believe this question is a matter of ethics.
    11. Same as above, but with orphans? I believe this is a matter of ethics
    12. Does the long-term benefit of saving, literally millions of people (400,000 a year in
    Europe alone), justify such practice as that asked about in 10 and 11? I believe it does.
    Biology allows us to save humanity for everybody. A single child can be the death of
    millions, but the vaccination, or possible death from a cure, can save millions.
    13. How do we, as human beings in a society that strives to be civil, justify such practices?
    Education of as many people as possible, and getting them aware of what is at stake on a
    grand scale, not just within their house would be best.
    14. According to the reading, when smallpox spread to the American Colonies in the 1720s,
    what was the survival rate difference between vaccinated and non-vaccinated persons?
    14% compared to 2%
    15. Cotton Mather was a prominent figure in the advent of vaccination in the American
    Colonies. Do you know of anything else in the American Colonies that he was involved
    Andre Thompson
    1.19.2020
    Bio Lab
    in, and if so, was “science” soundly applied to this situation? (I might consider a bonus
    for this if done well). I don’t
    16. According to the reading, can Edward Jenner be credited with coming up with the idea
    that cowpox prevents smallpox? If not, where did he get the idea? I think looking back at
    history he wasn’t the first, by two methods. The first is documentation that Jesty first did
    it for his family. The second is the dairymaids, that identified a link, but did not apply any
    scientific application to others.
    17. Similar to 10 and 11 above, can we justify testing like that described done on James
    Phipps, in the name of science? Why or why not? I think it can be now justified based on
    the outcome. The kid ended up developing a practice that ultimately eliminated a deadly
    disease.
    18. Put yourself in the shoes of anyone described in the Jesty family. Imagine that you were
    watching your friends and neighbors catch, and in many cases die, of smallpox. What
    would take for you to allow someone to stick cow udder in your arm? How about the
    arm of your child or children? For me I think if I knew how severe of a disease it was,
    and have heard multiple stories of dairymaids being immune, I would allow it for myself
    first.

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