Chapter I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Social media has a great impact to students' behavior in their

study. It becomes a great source of information and a platform used by

most students in their studies. It is very accessible with the use of some

gadgets that is being connected to the internet. That's why social media

became the new playground for students. They use it for communication

and socialization. Also, it helps them to do their assignments, projects

and able to meet deadlines. Behind the good benefits of social media to

students, there are also negative effects. Due to social media purpose

which is to make people's lives easier, students also take less effort to

their studies. They are being dependent on it and even in simple school

requirements, they will just click and plagiarized another person's work

without examining if it is accurate and reliable in what they were

searching for. Laziness and procrastination arise. Those negative effects

will surely affect their grades.

Hence, positive practices of social media increase student’s social

intelligence and understanding of human behaviors. Negative practices of

social media make them materialistic, angry and addicted to too many

bad things.

1
 We, the proponents believe that it is important to educate students

about the best practices of social media in the schools so that they can

get the benefits of communication, applications and technologies for their

career and personal development.

Background of the Study

The internet is today's most important source of information and

social media in present time is very accessible with the use of gadgets

such as mobile phones, laptops, computers, tablets and more that is

being connected to the internet. It seems that everything can be found on

social media and it has a great help to students in their studies, but in

some instances, students are becoming dependent on it as they do their

assignments and projects on their particular subjects. Hence, social

media is a toleration of student's laziness, also it triggers the

procrastination to do their school requirements.

Addiction to the usage of social media has extremely increased in

recent times. The perils of its effects on the academic performance of

students are disturbing. Academic performance, which is depicted by the

grades of students is a great concern that student spends excessive time

on social networks. It influences them in many factors and students are

becoming vulnerable as a victim, if they don't know how to use social

media in an effective and efficient way because the usage of social media

2
must always be present with responsibilities. Students are soft-hearted

individuals that are easy to be empowered by bad things if they are

unguided.

One-sided life is less interesting and exciting, so it is for social

media as it comes with both positive and negative effects can give

happiness as we are being entertained by memes on Facebook and funny

videos we can watch on YouTube. It also gives us enthusiasm as we

socialize and make new friends through social media. There is a

correlation between social media usage and academic performance of

students. There have been various views and opinions which recognize

four major advantages of social media use in higher education. These

include; enhancing relationship, improving learning motivation, offering

personalized course material, and developing collaborative abilities

(Wheeler, Yeomans and Wheeler, 2008; Rifkin, Longnecker, Leach and

Ortia, 2009). Also, Liccardi et. al. (2007), argued that students are

socially connected with one another and therefore share their daily

learning experiences. Research has proved the heavy presence of social

media usage among students. It is found out that, students use social

networking sites (SNSs) approximately thirty (30) minutes throughout

the day as part of their daily routine life (Nicole, Charles, and Cliff, 2007).

This shows the level at which students are patronizing these sites and this

may bring along both positive and negative effects on students as far as

3
their academic performance is concerned. Studies have also revealed that

social media affects students’ use of English. They tend to use short-

handwriting to chat with friends and get used to it, thereby replicating the

same errors during examinations (Obi, Bulus, Adamu and Sala’at, 2012).

According to Oye (2012), most of the younger students use social

networking sites mainly for socializing activities, rather than for academic

purpose and make conversation on various topics through social media,

whereas Kuppuswamy and Shankar (2010), reviewed that social network

websites grab students’ attention and then diverts it towards none

educational and inappropriate actions including useless chatting. In

another study conducted by Shana, (2012), it was revealed that students

use social network mainly for making friends and chatting. The result

showed that only 26 percent of the students (the respondents) indicated

that they use social media for academic purpose.

Today students at all levels, especially Senior High School students

have been engaged in the use of social media in searching information

and ideas that could be helpful in fulfilling their requirements for their

particular specialized course of their chosen track. Also, be able to

expose themselves on social media to socialize, communicate and use for

leisure. This research therefore seeks to investigate the level of

engagement of Grade 12 Senior High School students of Juan Sumulong

4
High School into social media and also to determine the impact of it on

their performance in their specialized course.

Conceptual Framework

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

 First semestral  Questionnaire  Significant

grades of Grade  Conducting impact of Social

12 Senior High interviews and Media to Grade

School students surveys 12 Senior High

on their  Computing for School students

Specialized the mean, of Juan

Course. median, mode, Sumulong High

 Time that and percentage School on their

students spend Specialized

on Social Media Course.

 Money that

students spend for

load/ internet

Figure 1. Research Paradigm

Based on the paradigm, the inputs will be the grades of students,

the time they spend on social media and the money they used to attain

load/ internet. And so a questionnaire will be utilized in carrying on a

5
survey. As we finished gathering information from the respondents,

computing for the mean, median and mode will follow. The output then

will be analyzed if the outcomes of the study are effective.

Theoretical Framework

Connectionism

Connectionism is an approach in the fields of cognitive science, that

hopes to explain mental phenomena using artificial neural

networks (ANN). A theory that all mental processes can be described as

the operation of inherited or acquired bonds between stimulus and

response.

Connectivism Theory

Connectivism is a theory of learning in a digital age that explains

how Internet technologies have created new opportunities for people to

learn and share information across the World Wide Web and among

themselves.

Constructionism (learning theory)

Constructionism advocates student-centered, discovery learning

where students use information they already know to acquire more

knowledge. Constructionism holds that learning can happen most

effectively when people are active in making tangible objects in the real

6
world. For example, a person could learn mathematics and logic for

themselves by making their own computer programs.

Constructivism

Constructivism theory is based on observation and scientific study

about how people learn. It says that people construct their own

understanding and knowledge of the world, through experiencing things

and reflecting on those experiences. When we encounter something new,

we have to reconcile it with our previous ideas and experience, maybe

changing what we believe, or maybe discarding the new information as

irrelevant.

Social Correlation Theory

Social Correlation theory states that based on behavior, attributes

and activities, adjacent users shares a correlation and they have better

chances of forming a connection than any other two random people.

Social correlation theory can be explained by further categorization of the

process as:

1. Homophily: Tendency to connect to people who share some

similarity.

2. Influence: Tendency to follow the behaviors of friends and

adjacent users.

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 3. Confounding: Forged due to external influences from the

surroundings. For example, two individuals living in the same city

are more likely to become friends than two random individuals.

Social Information Processing Theory

Social Information Processing Theory or also known as a SIP Theory

by Joseph Walther, which talks how people get to know one another

online, without nonverbal cues, and how they grow and manage

relationships in the computer-mediated environment.

Uses and Gratification Theory

Uses and Gratification Theory (UGT) is an audience-centered

approach that focuses on what people do with the media, as opposed to

what the media does to people. It seeks to understand why people seek

out the media that they do and what they use it for. UGT differs from

other media effect theories in that it assumes that individuals have power

over their media usage, rather than positioning individuals as passive

consumers of media. UGT explores how individuals deliberately seek out

media to fulfill certain needs or goals such as entertainment, relaxation,

or socializing.

Significance of the Study

This section is devoted to the significance of this study to the

teachers, parents and students. This study will help the teachers of the

8
school to know the influences that social media delivers on their students,

so as to assist them to illuminate and raise awareness to the students, to

be capable to utilize social media effectively and efficiently. This has also

a significance to parents in the sense that they will know the possible

effects of social media on their children. Keeping their eye on them may

be a way to protect, guide and discipline their children to become a

literate and responsible social media users. And for students, they will

know what can be the positive and negative effects that they can acquire

in using social media, they may turn the negative into a positive thing,

through that, they will be knowledgeable enough to do best practices of

social media and get the benefits of communication, applications and

technologies for their future career and personal development.

Moreover, this study will also give an alarming information to our

government. It may serve as a wakeup call to the government officials to

take an action on how to end the insufficient and irresponsible usage of

social media that made a great impact to the 21'st century learners.

This study will also add to the growing body of information in the field of

research. The result of the study will serve as a guide of other proponents

who would wish to embark on a conduct study of a similar nature.

9
Statement of the Problem

This research seeks to determine and to find solutions to the impact

of social media to the Grade 12 Senior High School students of Juan

Sumulong High School to their specialized course. The proponents were

also determined to find solutions to the following questions through the

process of the study:

1. Does students’ gender influence the habit of social media usage?

2. How much money did Grade 12 Senior High School students spend for

internet to use social media in one week?

3. How long do Grade 12 Senior High School students spend time using

social media in one day?

3.1 Study purpose

3.2 Leisure/ Past time

3.3 Communication

3.4 Entertainment

3.5 Socialization

4. Do social media affects the health of Grade 12 Senior High School

students?

5. Does social media really helpful to the Grade 12 Senior High School

students on their specialized subjects?

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Scope and Delimitation

The main focus of this research is to find out the impact of social

media to the Grade 12 Senior High School students on their specialized

course. For this study, 35 random students of all strands and tracks of

Grade 12 Senior High School with an age of 16 and above studying at

Juan Sumulong High School. Our respondents will be answering a survey

questionnaire regarding their first semestral grades of their specialized

subjects, the time and money they spend on social media, the effects of

its usage to their health, the general time of their social media usage,

and the hours they spent using social media in various purposes; study

purposes; leisure/ past time; communication; entertainment; and

socialization. The study will be held at Juan Sumulong High School.

Definition of Terms

As words may mean differently in different contexts. The

proponents aim to define the different terms that will be encountered in

this study for better understanding and to avoid confusion.

Adjacent - next to or adjoining something else. Formed on the same side

of a straight line when intersected by another line.

Consensus - is general agreement among a group of people.

11
Construct - an idea or theory containing various conceptual elements,

typically one considered to be subjective and not based on empirical

evidence.

Correlation - a mutual relationship or connection between two or more

things.

Deficient - insufficient or inadequate. Lack of explanation when search in

a social media.

Depicted - to represent or characterize in words; describe.

Diverting - to divert something or someone is also to cause the thing or

person to be used for a different purpose.

Devoted - given over to the display, study, or discussion of.

Embark - to begin (something that will take a long time or happen for a

long time).

Enthusiasm - is great eagerness to be involved in a particular activity

which you like and enjoy or which you think is important.

Illuminate - to make (something) clear and easier to understand.

Impact - the action of one object coming forcibly into contact with

another.

Instances - a particular situation, event, or fact.

Leisure - opportunity afforded by free time to do something.

Materialistic - excessively concerned with material possessions.

12
Opposed - eager to prevent or put an end to; disapproving of or

disagreeing with.

Patronizing - showing or characterized by a superior attitude towards

others: marked by condescension.

Paradigm - a set of linguistic items that form mutually exclusive choices

in particular syntactic roles.

Penetrating - penetration refers to entering or making your way through

something. It's also a deep insight.

Perils - the dangers or difficulties that arise from a particular situation or

activity.

Phenomenon - is something that is observed to happen or exist.

Plagiarized - take (the work or an idea of someone else) and pass it off

as one's own.

Procrastination - is a challenge we have all faced at one point or

another. For as long as humans have been around, we have been

struggling with delaying, avoiding, and procrastinating on issues that

matter to us.

Proponents - a person who advocates a theory, proposal, or project.

Reconcile - cause to coexist in harmony; make or show to be compatible.

Replicating - repeat (a scientific experiment or trial) to obtain a

consistent result.

13
Scatter - operation sends data from one process to all other processes in

a group.

Social media - websites and applications that enable users to create and

share content or to participate in social networking.

Ubiquitous - appearing to be everywhere at once; being or seeming to

be in more than one location at the same time.

Utilization - the action of making practical and effective use of

something.

Vulnerable - someone who is vulnerable is weak and without protection,

with the result that they are easily hurt physically or emotionally.

14
 Chapter II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

The following are literature and studies that the proponents think

are necessary in having an in-depth understanding of the research

problem. Specifically, it contains literature, studies, and the justification

on why the research should be pushed through.

Related Literature

Local Literature

The Filipino people are known for being a proactive users of social

media. It's been a part of their daily life as they scan their digital

platforms to socialize and gather information. It made them updated with

the current events and issues in their surroundings.

In the Philippine Daily Inquirer (Camus, 2018), states that the

Philippines again topped the world in terms of social media usage as the

number of internet users in the country hit 67 million people. Its Digital

2018 report, said that Filipinos spent an average of 3 hours and 57

minutes a day on social media sites, mainly on Facebook. It also said that

there were 67 million accounts on Facebook in the Philippines, matching

the total number of internet users in the county. Another 10 million

Filipinos were on Instagram, which is owned by Facebook. The Philippines

were ahead in terms of social media usage in a list of 40 countries. Least

15
interested in social media were the Japanese, who spent an average of 48

minutes a day updating their Facebook status and posting pictures on

Instagram. Other heavy social media users were Brazil (3 hours and 39

minutes), Indonesia (3 hours and 23 minutes), Thailand (3 hours and 10

minutes) and Argentina (3 hours and 9 minutes). The Philippines was also

No. 1 in the world in terms of social media usage in 2017. Overall,

Filipinos spent 9 hours and 29 minutes a day on the internet, based on

the 2018 report. This was the second-highest in the world after Thailand

at 9 hours and 38 minutes.

Facebook is still the number 1 social media site being used around

the world along with its messaging platform, Facebook Messenger.

Messenger, as the study notes, is currently the primary chatting platform

for the Philippines, based on its Google Play store country rank in

December of 2017. The Philippines also ranked 6th in countries with the

largest active Facebook users with 67,000,000 – 14,000,000 of them

from Quezon City. Instagram, on the other hand, doesn’t seem to be

doing as well locally – only amounting to 9% penetration, which is 3

ranks below the global average of 11%.

These alarming results have a big impact to all students. An

improper use of social media can be a reason for their health problems,

and deficient academic performance. Fortunately, Bam Aquino, chairman

of the committee on education, filed Senate Resolution 173, "Responsible

16
Social Media Use In School", calling on the chamber to conduct an inquiry

into the teaching of proper social media use in schools. The prevalence of

misinformation and use of abusive language, especially by so-called "paid

trolls" had become a global concern.

Foreign Literature

Social Networking Websites has become an international

phenomenon because of its unstoppable growth in the past several years.

It began as a hobby for some computer literate and turn as a societal

norm in the life of people from all over the world. Teenagers and young

adults have especially embraced these sites as a means to connect with

their peers, share information, reinvent their personalities, and showcase

their social lives (Boyd, 2007). They use it for the majority of their daily

activities and information gathering.

According to a new Pew Research Center survey, Facebook had

dominated the social media landscape among America’s youth – but it is

no longer the most popular online platform among teens. Today, about

half (51%) of U.S. teens ages 13 to 17 say they use Facebook, notably

lower than the shares who use YouTube, Instagram or Snapchat.

17
 This shift in teens’ social media use is just one example of how the

technology landscape for young people has evolved since the

Center’s last survey of teens and technology use in 2014-2015. Most

notably, smartphone ownership has become a nearly ubiquitous element

of teen life: 95% of teens now report they have a smartphone or access

to one. These mobile connections are in turn fueling more-persistent

online activities: 45% of teens now say they are online on a near-

constant basis.

The survey also finds there is no clear consensus among teens

about the effect that social media has on the lives of young people today.

Minorities of teens describe that effect as mostly positive (31%) or mostly

negative (24%), but the largest share (45%) says that the effect has

been neither positive nor negative. These are some of the main findings

18
from the Center’s survey of U.S. teens conducted March 7-April 10, 2018.

Throughout the report, “teens” refers to those ages 13 to 17.

Spending too much time on Facebook, Snapchat and Instagram

may actually increase the risk of depression and loneliness (Mozes,

2018). Many American teens are sleep-deprived, and parents blame

their attachment to electronics. University of Michigan conducted a

national poll of more than 1,000 parents with at least one child

between 13 and 18 years old. It suggests that sleep problems are

common among teens and shows that the late - night use of electronics

are a main contributor (HealthDay News, 2019).

Related Studies

Local Studies

Social networking media have been the major source of

communication. Hence, the label cyber-world includes Facebook, Twitter,

MySpace, Instagram, Flicker, Frienster, Blogs, Podcast, YouTube, Tumblr

and Skype. Users of these forms of social media made use of such

technology gadgets as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, and computers.

Those students who used the social media wisely, improved their

academic performance. However, those who failed to regulate their use of

these social networking tools negatively affected their studies which

oftentimes led to their addicted use (Pasagui, 2017).

19
 According to Cabilin et al., the negative effects of these social

networking sites over weigh the positive ones. These sites had caused

some potential harm to society. The students become victims of social

networks more often than anyone else. This is because of the reason that

when they are studying or searching their course material online, they

get attracted to these sites to kill the boredom in their study time,

diverting their attention from their work. Other negative side effects of

social networking websites include the following:

Reduced learning and research capabilities - Students have started

relying more on the information accessed easily on these social

networking sites and the web. This reduces their learning and research

capabilities.

Reduces command over language use age and creative writing

skills - Students mostly use slang words or shortened forms of words on

social networking sites. They start relying on the computer grammar and

spelling check features. This brings down their control over the language

and their creative writing skills.

Time wastage- While searching and studying online, students get

attracted to using social media sites and sometimes they forget why they

are using the internet. This wastes their time and sometimes students are

not able to deliver their work in the specified time frame.

20
Low grades - Students get low grades in school due to lack of the

desired information and writing skills.

Loss of motivation in students- The student’s motivational level

reduces due to the use of these social networking sites. They rely on the

virtual environment instead of gaining practical knowledge of the real

world.

Foreign Studies

A quantitative study in Saudi Arabia by Alwagait, et al., (2015),

shows the relation among the social media usage and academic levels.

Poor time management and football also have a negative impact on

academic grades. Normality tests are to find relationship

between social media usage and GPA scores. The hypothesis about the

existence of a relationship between GPA and SN is not

satisfied. Social media is a popular method for communication amongst

university students in Saudi Arabia. Nevertheless, excessive social media

usage can raise doubts about whether academic performance is involved.

This research explores this question by conducting a survey of

university students in Saudi Arabia in regards to social media usage and

their academic performance. The survey also explored

which social network is the most popular amongst

Saudi students, what students thought about their social media usage

21
and factors besides social media usage, which negatively affect academic

performance. The study had 108 responses and descriptive statistics

including normality tests, i.e. scatter plots were used to study the

relationship between the mean figure of hours students spent on social

media a week and GPA scores of the scholars. The results showed that in

that location was no linear relationship between social media usage in a

week and GPA score. Students highlighted that besides social media use,

time management is a factor which affects students 'studies negatively.

The findings of the paper can be used to propose the effective plans for

improving the academic performance of the students in such a way that a

balance in the leisure, information exchange and academic performance

can be maintained.

A study conducted by Owusu-Acheaw and Larson (2015) about

the use of social media and its effect on academic performance of tertiary

institutions' students in Ghana with a focus on Koforidua Polytechnic

students. A questionnaire was used for collecting data. Out of one

thousand five hundred and seventy-eight copies of the questionnaire

distributed, one thousand five hundred and eight were retrieved which

represented a response rate of 95.5 %. The study revealed that the

majority of the respondents had mobile phones which also had an

Internet facility on them and had knowledge of the existence of many

media sites. The study further confirmed that most of the respondents

22
visit their social media sites using their phones and spend between thirty

minutes to three hours per day. In addition the study discovered that the

usage of social media sites had affected academic performance of the

respondents negatively and that there was a direct relationship between

the usage of social media websites and academic performance. The study

recommends, among others that students with mobile phones having

internet facility should be encouraged to use it to supplement their

research in the library rather than the usual charting with friends all the

time. Students should be encouraged to limit the time they spend on their

social media sites per day and advise them to rather substitute those

hours to read novels to improve their knowledge. Since the utilization of

social media sites had affected the academic work of students negatively

there is the pressing need for the introduction of students to the

availability of novels and other information resources or materials that

can help them academically.

Synthesis

Social media is known as the great source of information, a great

platform for communication and socialization. It becomes the oxygen of

people, especially to students in terms of their studies and social life.

They embrace it as a part of their everyday life. Through social media

they get connected with their peers, and they get updated on what were

23
the happenings in their surroundings. Social media sites such as

Facebook, Google, Intagram, messenger and YouTube are the most

common sites where students usually use. One of the great users of

social media is the Philippines.

The Philippines became the top most users of social media in the

year 2018, in terms of Facebook use. According to Philippine Daily

Inquirer there are 67 million people hit in using social media. Filipinos

spent an average of 3 hours and 57 minutes a day on social media sites,

mainly on Facebook. It also said that there were 67 million accounts on

Facebook in the Philippines, matching the total number of internet users

in the country.

In some foreign countries, America and Saudi Arabia are also an

active user of social media. In America, teenagers and young adults are

the most users of social media. Facebook is their domain platforms of

getting connected with each others, staying updated with everyone's life

and showcasing their daily activities. In Saudi Arabia it was found out

that in most universities, students used social media for their studies. It

became their means of everything and plays an important role in their life

as a student.

Social media provides students a more convenient information

provider, to become connected with different learning sites, to watch

different educational videos, and to get connected with their instructors

24
and schoolmates. It also enhances one's students' ability to be more

literate in their subject areas. The wise use of social media improved a

student's performance in school. At the back of those positive helps and

effects of social media to students, there are also negative effects of

social. It reduces the student's capacity to critique an information wisely,

most of the time they just plagiarized information they got on social

media in order to finish their assignments, activities and projects in a

small period of time, and felt at ease. The time duration in using social

media also affects the students' negatively, usually they engage most of

their time using social media platforms such as Facebook, messenger,

YouTube, Google for their studies, but in some instances, they get

attracted to these sites to kill the boredom in their study time, diverting

their attention from their work. They do not use their time in educational

purposes anymore.

Engaging in social media can be efficient and effective if students

will just be responsible in every click they make. It can affect them

positively if they will use it literately.

25
 Chapter III
THE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

The proponents used the descriptive survey because it is the least

time consuming among the other research formats. We described our

findings quantitatively and qualitatively according to the answers we

gathered. The data will be collected using the research instrument

designed by the researcher.

Research Locale

The study will be conducted among Grade 12 Senior High School

students and it will be done in the classrooms of Senior High School

building at Juan Sumulong High School - for Accountancy, Business and

Management (ABM) & Industrial Arts (IA) students for SY: 2018-2019.

Description of the Research Instrument

The research instrument used in this study is survey questionnaire.

It is composed of 2 pages questionnaire, pretaining to the necessary

components that will help in determining the result of the study. It is a

researcher’s made data sheet that will be used in conducting surveys.

26
Data Gathering Procedure

The proponents distributed the survey questionnaire through

random students. Using two stage cluster sampling, 35 total respondents

from all Grade 12 Senior High School tracks. The gathered results were to

be set in a tally sheet for references in the tabulation needed for our

statistical treatment.

Statistical Treatment of Data:

The data will be analyzed using the following formulas:

𝑛(𝛴𝑥𝑦)−(𝛴𝑥)(𝛴𝑦)
Pearson's Correlation (r)=
√[𝑛𝛴𝑥 2 −(𝛴𝑥)2 ][𝑛𝛴𝑦 2 −(𝛴𝑦)2 ]

6𝛴𝑑^2
Spearman's Rank Correlation (rs)= 1 −
𝑛(𝑛2 −1)

The results of the computed value of Pearson's Correlation (r) and

Spearman's Rank Correlation (rs) were interpreted as follows:

Value of r Interpretation/Classification
0.00 to ±0.20 Very Low
±0.21 to ±0.40 Low
±0.41 to ±0.70 Moderate
±0.71 to ±0.90 High
±0.91 to ±0.99 Very High
±1 Perfect

27
 𝛴𝑊𝑓
WM=
𝑁

Wherein:

WM= Weighted Mean

ΣWf= Sum of the product of the frequency and the unit weight

N= Total number of the respondents

A Likert-Type-Point Scale with the following interpretation were

provided to guide the respondents' opinion as follows:

Scale Weighted Mean Interpretation

5 4.50- 5.00 Strongly Agree
4 3.50- 4.49 Agree
3 2.50- 3.49 Neutral
2 1.50- 2.49 Disagree
1 1.00- 1.49 Strongly Disagree

𝑓
P= × 100
𝑁

Wherein:

P= percentage

F= frequency

N= Total number of respondents

28
 Chapter IV
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF
DATA

In this chapter, the results of the data analysis are presented. The

data were collected and then processed in response to the problems

posed in chapter 1 of this study.

The objective of this study is to determine the impact of social

media usage on grade 12 senior high school students on their specialized

course.

Students' Gender as Influence of Social Media Usage

Gender is a pervasive topic in the history of sociolinguistics.

Females were likely to spend more time in visiting websites, sending/

receiving emails, and on instant messaging than males, whereas males

were more likely than females to invest time on computer gaming (Park

and Lee, 2014). To determine and justify if students' gender really

influence the habit of social media usage among grade 12 senior high

school students. The data that were gathered pertaining to this are

reflected in tables and figures.

29
 Table 1.

Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Respondents

as to Sexual Orientation

Sex Frequency Percentage

Male 17 48.57%
Female 18 51.43%
Total 35 100%

Figure 1.

Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Respondents

in Terms of Sexual Orientation

Respondents Sexual Orientation Chart

48.57% Male Female

51.43

As shown in Table 1 and Figure 1, 17 out of 35 or 48.57% of our

respondents are Male and 18 out of 35 or 51.43% of our respondents are

Female.

30
 Table 2.

General Usage of Social Media a Day

Time General Usage

Freq. Dist. Percentage

3 hours 1 2.86%
6 hours 11 31.43%
7 hours 4 11.43%
8 hours 2 5.71%
9 hours 2 5.71%
10 hours 10 28.57%
12 hours 1 2.86%
13 hours 1 2.86%
15 hours 1 2.86%
16 hours 1 2.86%
18 hours 1 2.86%
Total 35 100%

Figure 2.

General Usage of Social Media a Day

General Usage Chart

2.86% 3 hours 6 hours
2.86% 2.86%
2.86% 2.86%
2.86% 7 hours 8 hours
31.43%
9 hours 10 hours

12 hours 13 hours
28.57%
15 hours 16 hours

11.43% 18 hours
5.71% 5.71%

31
 The table and figure states that 31.43% of our respondents used

social media 6 hours a day, 28.57% of our respondents spent 10 hours

and 11.43% of our respondents spent 7 hours. The computed average

time that grade 12 senior high school students spent on social media a

day is 8 hours and 38 minutes.

Table 3.

Spearman's Rank Correlation of Social Media Usage

According to Gender

X Y Ranking d d2
(Female) (Male) X Y
6 10 15 5.5 9.5 90.25
10 10 6.5 5.5 1 1
10 10 6.5 5.5 1 1
15 6 2 14.5 -12.5 156.25
6 10 15 5.5 9.5 90.25
10 10 6.5 5.5 1 1
6 13 15 2 13 169
7 10 12 5.5 6.5 42.25
6 6 15 14.5 0.5 0.25
6 8 15 10.5 4.5 20.25
10 6 6.5 14.5 -8 64
12 8 3.5 10.5 -7 49
8 9 11 9 2 4
9 6 9.5 14.5 -5 25

32
 12 7 3.5 12 -8.5 72.25
16 3 1 17 -16 256
9 18 9.5 1 8.5 72.25
Σ= 1114

The Table 3 shows the Spearman's Rank Correlation table of social

media usage according to gender. The general time spent of our

respondents on Social media in one day was stated in the table. The

computed Spearman's Rank Correlation rs = -0.37 which is equal to a

negatively low correlation. Therefore, the gender has a low influence to

students' habitual usage of social media.

Students' Money that Spent for Social Media

The Philippines was ahead in terms of social media usage in the

world, according to a new report by London, United Kingdom- based

consultancy We Are Social. Even students who are overloaded with paper

works required by their teachers, still teenagers considered as an active

user of social media. The data that were gathered pertaining to the

money that students spent for social media a week are reflected in the

following table and figure.

33
 Table 4.

Money Spent for Internet

Money spent for Frequency Percentage

the internet
₱ 20.00 and below 9 25.71%
₱ 21.00 - ₱ 40.00 0 0%
₱ 41.00 - ₱ 60.00 11 31.43%
₱ 61.00 - ₱ 80.00 2 5.71%
₱ 81.00 - ₱ 100.00 8 22.86%
₱ 101.00 and above 5 14.29%
Total 35 100%

Figure 3.

Money Spent for Internet

Money Spent for Internet Chart

14.29% ₱ 20.00 and below

25.71% ₱ 21.00 - ₱ 40.00
₱ 41.00 - ₱ 60.00
22.86% 0% ₱ 61.00 - ₱ 80.00
₱ 81.00 - ₱ 100.00
5.71% 31.43%
₱ 101.00 and above

The table and figure states that most of our respondents spent ₱41.

00- ₱60. 00 with a percentage of 31.43%, 25.71% of our respondents

spent ₱20. 00 and below, 22.86% of our respondents spent ₱81.00-

34
₱100.00, 14.29% of our respondents spent ₱101. 00 and above and

5.71% of our respondents spent ₱61.00- ₱80.00 for load or internet a

week just to access social media applications.

Table 5.

Social Media Platforms

Social Media Frequency Percentage

Platforms
Facebook 33 21.29%
Google+ 18 11.61%
Instagram 19 12.26%
Linkin 1 0.65%
Messenger 32 20.65%
Skype 2 1.29%
Snapchat 8 5.16%
Tumblr 1 0.65%
Twitter 8 5.16%
Youtube 33 21.29%
Total 155 100%

35
 Figure 4.

Social Media Platforms

Social Media Platforms Chart

Facebook
21.29% 21.29% Google+
Instagram
Linkin
Messenger
5.16%
0.65% 11.61% Skype
5.16% Snapchat
1.29% Tumblr
12.26% Twitter
20.65% 0.65% Youtube

As shown in Table 7 and Figure 14, Facebook and YouTube have the

same frequencies and they're the most used social media platforms

among grade 12 senior high school students. 20.65% of our respondents

chose Messenger, 12.26% of our respondents chose Instagram and

11.61% of our respondents chose Google+. These were the top 5 most

numbered frequencies among all famous social media platforms that is

currently used here in the Philippines.

Time Spent of Students for Social Media Usage in Accordance of

Purpose:

a. Study Purposes

b. Leisure/ Past Time

c. Communication

36
 d. Entertainment

e. Socialization

There are many reasons why students use social media; it serves

as an information provider when there are some unclear lessons; it fills

spare time; it keeps them in touch with their families and friends; it gives

enjoyment and happiness; and it is a way to find and build new

friendships. The data that were gathered pertaining to the time that

students spent for social media a day in accordance of purpose are

reflected in the following table and figures.

Table 6.

Hours Spent Using Social Media

Time Used Study Purposes Leisure/Past Time

Freq. Dist. Percentage Freq. Dist. Percentage

30 minutes 1 2.86% 0 0%
1 hour 6 17.14% 6 17.14%
2 hours 12 34.26% 9 25.71%
3 hours 9 25.71% 7 20%
4 hours 3 8.57% 3 8.57%
5 hours 3 8.57% 8 22.86%
8 hours 1 2.86% 1 2.86%
10 hours 0 0% 1 2.86%
12 hours 0 0% 0 0%
15 hours 0 0% 0 0%

37
 Total 35 100% 35 100%

Time Communication Entertainment Socialization

Usage
Freq. Percentage Freq. Percentage Freq. Percentage
Dist. Dist. Dist.

30 minutes 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 hour 3 8.57% 6 17.14% 7 20%
2 hours 11 31.43% 6 17.14% 13 37.14%
3 hours 6 17.14% 6 17.14% 4 11.43%
4 hours 4 11.43% 5 14.26% 3 8.57%
5 hours 10 28.57% 11 31.43% 6 17.14%
8 hours 0 0 0 0 1 2.86%
10 hours 0 0 0 0 1 2.86%
12 hours 0 0 1 2.86% 0 0
15 hours 1 2.86% 0 0 0 0
Total 35 100% 35 100% 35 100%

Figure 5.

Social Media Usage for Study Purposes

Study Purposes Chart

2.86%
8.57% 2.86% 30 minutes 1 hour
0%
0% 17.14%
8.57% 2 hours 3 hours
0%

4 hours 5 hours

25.71% 8 hours 10 hours

34.26%
12 hours 15 hours

38
 Figure 6.

Social Media Usage for Leisure/ Past Time

Leisure/ Past Time Chart

2.86% 30 minutes 1 hour

2.86%
0% 17.14%
0%
0% 2 hours 3 hours
22.86%

4 hours 5 hours
25.71%
8.57% 8 hours 10 hours

20% 12 hours 15 hours

Figure 7.

Social Media Usage for Communication

Communication Chart

2.86%
0% 8.57%
0%
30 minutes 1 hour
28.57% 0%
0%
2 hours 3 hours

31.43% 4 hours 5 hours

8 hours 10 hours

11.43%
12 hours 15 hours
17.14%

39
 Figure 8.

Social Media Usage for Entertainment

Entertainment Chart

2.86%
0% 0% 17.14% 30 minutes 1 hour
0%
0%
2 hours 3 hours
31.43%
4 hours 5 hours
17.14%

8 hours 10 hours

14.26% 12 hours 15 hours

17.14%

Figure 9.

Social Media Usage for Socialization

Socialization Chart

0%
2.86%
2.86% 30 minutes 1 hour
0% 20%
17.14% 0%
2 hours 3 hours

4 hours 5 hours
8.57%

8 hours 10 hours

11.43%
37.14%
12 hours 15 hours

40
 The table and figures states that the social media usage for study

purposes has a mean of 2 hours and 39 minutes, a median of 2 hours and

a mode of 2 hours. Also, 34.26% of our respondents answered 2 hours,

25.71% of our respondents answered 3 hours, and 17.14% of our

respondents answered 1 hour. These were the three most numbered

frequencies of time that grade 12 senior high school students spent in

using social media for study purposes in one day.

In using social media for leisure/ past time, it has a mean of 3

hours and 17 minutes, a median of 3 hours and a mode of 2 hours. Also,

25.71% of our respondents answered 2 hours, 22.86% of our

respondents answered 5 hours and 20% of our respondents answered 3

hours. These were the three most numbered frequencies of time that

grade 12 senior high school students spent in using social media for

leisure/ past time in one day.

It was also shown in the table that the social media usage for

communication has a mean of 3 hours and 33 minutes, a median of 3

hours and a mode of 2 hours. Also, 31.43% of our respondents answered

2 hours, 28.57% of our respondents answered 5 hours and 17. 14% of

our respondents answered 3 hours. These were the three most numbered

frequencies of time that grade 12 senior high school students spent in

using social media for communication in one day.

41
 The social media usage for entertainment has a mean of 3 hours

and 31 minutes, a median of 3 hours and a mode of 5 hours. Also,

31.43% of our respondents answered 5 hours, 17.14% of our

respondents answered 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours, the three have the

same frequencies. 14.26% of our respondents answered 4 hours. These

were the five most numbered frequencies of time that grade 12 senior

high school students spent in using social media for entertainment in one

day.

Lastly, social media usage for socialization has a mean of 3 hours, a

median of 2 hours and a mode of 2 hours. Also, 37.14% of our

respondents answered 2 hours, 17.14% of our respondents answered 5

hours and 11.43% of our respondents answered 3 hours. These were the

three most numbered frequencies of time that grade 12 senior high

school students spent in using social media for study purposes in one

day.

Table 7.

Reasons for Using Social Media

Reasons for using Social Weighted Description

Media Average
1. Communication 3.71 Agree
2. Entertainment 4.17 Agree
3. Leisure/ Past Time 4.29 Agree

42
 4. Socialization 4.09 Agree
5. Study Purposes 4.11 Agree
Total 4.07 Agree

The table shows the computed weighted average of the reasons for

using social media. Communication, entertainment, leisure/ past time,

socialization, and study purposes have a weighted average which

indicates that grade 12 senior high school students agree these various

reasons why they access and use social media.

Effects of Social Media to Student's Health

One of the most interesting things to look at is the increasing

number of student users of social media. As per survey conducted by Pew

Research Center. This increase also indicates that there is a high risk of

health problems if students will not be equipped to be literate and

responsible user. The data that were gathered pertaining to the effects of

social media usage to the health of students are reflected in the Table 8.

Table 8.

Assessment of the Positive and Negative Effects

of Social Media on Health

Effects of Social Media to Weighted Description

Health Average
Positive Effect s

43
 1. Stress reliever 3.57 Moderately Experienced
2. Mind relaxation 3.43 Slightly Experienced
3. Decreases negative emotions 3.46 Slightly Experienced
4. Develops positive perspective 3.4 Slightly Experienced
in life
5. Develops self-expression 3.37 Slightly Experienced
Total 3.45 Slightly Experienced
Negative Effects
1. Causes eye problems 2.69 Slightly Experienced
2. Causes sleep problems 3.14 Slightly Experienced
3. Causes eating disorders 2.17 Slightly Experienced
4. Causes fatigue 2.06 Rarely Experienced
5. Leads to stress/ anxiety/ 2.31 Rarely Experienced
depression
Total 2.47 Rarely Experienced

It is clearly indicated in Table 8, students' moderately experienced

that they were stress relieved as they use social media, and they were

slightly experiencing mind relaxation, decrease of their negative

emotions, develops their positive perspective in life, and develops their

self-expression. While in the negative effects of social media usage,

students slightly experience eye problems, sleep problems, and eating

disorders. Also, they rarely experienced fatigue, and stress/ anxiety/

depression. Therefore, students slightly experienced the positive effects

on health in using social media, and they were rarely experienced the

negative effects.

44
Effects of Social Media to Students' Specialized Subjects

Many schools have increasingly adopted social media for a variety

of educational and communication activities. Also a reason why student's

online behavior has been growing concern for educators. There are

positive and negative effects in using social media. The data that we

gathered pertaining to the effects of social media to student's specialized

subjects are reflected in the table below.

Table 9.

Average Grades Distribution of Respondent's

Specialized Courses

Male Female
89% 95%
97% 90%
86% 91%
95% 95%
80% 86%
91% 90%
91% 92%
86% 93%
88% 80%
97% 92%
94% 87%
85% 88%
88% 87%

45
 86% 86%
85% 90%
90% 87%
97% 93%
87%

The table shows the average grades of our respondents in their

specialized subjects. The computed mean of grades of our Male

respondents is 89.71%, while our Female respondents have a computed

mean of 89.39%.

Table 10.

Pearson's Correlation Table of the

Effects of Social Media to Students' Specialized Subjects

X Y X2 Y2 XY
(Time) (Grades)

8 86% 64 7396 688

6 88% 36 7744 528
10 85% 100 7225 850
10 89% 100 7921 890
10 97% 100 9409 970
13 94% 169 8836 1222
10 91% 100 8281 910
10 91% 100 8281 910
6 86% 36 7396 516
9 80% 81 6400 720

46
 6 97% 36 9409 582
18 86% 324 7396 1548
8 95% 64 9025 760
10 89% 100 7921 890
6 86% 36 7396 516
10 90% 100 8100 900
10 87% 100 7569 870
15 93% 225 8649 1395
6 87% 36 7569 522
10 87% 100 7569 870
6 88% 36 7744 528
7 87% 49 7569 609
9 90% 81 8100 810
12 92% 144 8464 1104
16 93% 256 8649 1488
7 80% 49 6400 560
10 92% 100 8464 920
6 90% 36 8100 540
6 91% 36 8281 546
10 95% 100 9025 950
12 86% 144 7396 1032
8 95% 64 9025 760
6 85% 36 7225 510
7 90% 49 8100 630
3 97% 9 9409 291
Σ=316 Σ=3135 Σ=3196 Σ=281443 Σ=28335

The Table 10 shows the Pearson's Correlation table of the effects of

social media to student's specialized subjects. The general time spent by

47
our respondents for social media in one day was stated in the table. Also,

the mean grade of their specialized subjects. The computed Pearson's

Correlation (r) value is 0.07 that will be interpreted as very low relations

of the variables that were being used. Therefore, social media didn't

affect the grade 12 senior high school students on their specialized

courses.

48
 Chapter 5
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The study determines the impact of social media to students'

specialized subjects. Involve in this study were the 35 random students

from all tracks and stands of Grade 12 Senior High School.

A questionnaire was prepared by the researcher based on the

different specific problems raised in chapter 1.

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

Based upon the data that were gathered, analyzed and interpreted,

the researcher came up with the following findings:

1. Does students' gender influence the habit of social media

usage?

The computed Spearman's Rank Correlation rs = -0.37 which is

equal to a negatively low correlation.

2. How much money did grade 12 senior high school

students spend for internet to use social media in one week?

Most of the grade 12 students spent ₱41. 00- ₱60. 00 to buy a load

or internet to access social media platforms.

49
 3. How long does grade 12 senior high school students

spend time using social media in one day in accordance of

purpose:

3.1 Study Purposes. Grade 12 students spent an average

of 2 hours and 39 minutes using social media for their study purposes.

3.2 Leisure. Grade 12 students spent an average of 3

hours and 17 minutes using social media for their leisure.

3.3 Communication. Grade 12 students spent an average

of 3 hours and 33 minutes using social media to communicate.

3.4 Entertainment. Grade 12 students spent an average

of 3 hours and 31 minutes using social media for entertainment.

3.5 Socialization. Grade 12 students spent an average of

3 hours using social media for their socialization.

4. Do social media affect the health of grade 12 senior high

school students?

The computed weighted mean 3.45 of the sampled grade 12

students corresponds to a slightly experienced effect of social media to

their health, positively. While the computed weighted mean 2.47 of the

sampled grade 12 students corresponds to a rarely experienced effect of

social media to their health, negatively.

50
 5. Does social media really helpful to the grade 12 senior

high school students on their specialized subjects?

The computed Pearson's correlation is r = 0.07 which corresponds

to a very low positive correlation.

CONCLUSIONS

Based upon the analysis and interpretation of the data gathered for

this study, the following conclusions were drawn:

1. The students' gender has a low influence to their habitual usage

of social media.

2. Most of the Grade 12 students of Juan Sumulong High School

spent ₱41. 00- ₱60. 00 to purchased load or internet to access social

media platforms every week.

3. The Grade 12 students of Juan Sumulong High School used social

media for different purposes. They spent 2 hours and 39 minutes for their

study purposes, 3 hours and 17 minutes for their leisure, 3 hours and 33

minutes used for communication, 3 hours and 31 minutes for their

entertainment, and 3 hours for socialization.

4. The Grade 12 students of Juan Sumulong High School are more

affected positively on their social media usage to their health.

51
 5. The social media usage of Grade 12 students has no relation on

the grades they've got on their specialized subjects.

RECOMMENDATIONS

In view of various findings and conclusions pertaining to this study,

the following recommendations are hereby offered by the researcher.

1. Respect the other students' choice on how they will spend their

time, especially in using social media.

2. Teachers and parents may influence and encourage students to

save money from their allowance and to teach them also the right way in

spending money.

3. Teachers and parents may teach students on how to manage

their time wisely and to be goal oriented to avoid wasting of time.

4. Building teacher-student, a parent like relationship, wherein

students will possibly open his/ her problems to his/ her teacher.

5. Strict implementation of school policies and regulation about

using gadgets during class hours. Students can access social media

through gadgets and some student becoming more dependent on it and

as a result, they were unable to comply with school requirements.

52