Case studies of GRIHA registered/rated buildings 47

CASE STUDIES OF GRIHA

REGISTERED/RATED BUILDINGS

2.1 Common Wealth Games Village, New Delhi

Project Management/Project In-charge Maj Gen (Retd) A K Singh
Design / Architect (In-house) Mr Nishant Sabharwal
GRIHA Facilitator Mr Devendra Mahajan
Ms Swati Mahashabdey
Architect Sikka Associates – Mr Raman Sikka
Landscape consultant Integral Designs: Mr Samir Mathur
MEP consultant Spectral: Mr Sanjay Piplani
Energy consultant TERI

The Common Wealth Games 2010 is being scheduled to be held in the capital city of New Delhi. The
games village shall accommodate the players during the games and shall be occupied by individual
private homeowners after the games. A 47.3 hectare (118 acre) picturesque site has been selected
on the banks of holy river Yamuna for the purpose of construction of the games village. The project
site is within the immediate vicinity of heritage monuments and historical landmarks, combined
with dense green natural covers on the sides.

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The proposed development consists of 4000 bedrooms spread across 34 towers varying in heights
(such as; 7 storeys to 9 storeys high). The proposed apartment’s blocks are arranged in site in a way
so as to create visual links with heritage sites in the vicinity. The topsoil of the entire excavated site
has been collected and stored separately and special measures have been taken for soil stabilization,
such as- stockpiling, mulching, and so on. Pervious paving has been provided extensively in the
site . All the service lines and utility corridors on the site are well aggregated and ensure minimum
disruption during future maintenance work.

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The sanitation/safety facilities for the construction workers are provided as per National Building
Code 2005. These include provision of clean and hygienic accommodation, toilet facilities, purified
drinking water, general store, a subsidized canteen, medical facilities, day care centre and onsite
safety equipment, and so on. Significant measures have been taken to reduce air pollution during
construction, such as – site roads are regularly sprayed with water; wheels of all vehicles are washed,
and so on.
 48 GRIHA Manual: Volume 1

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Water efficient landscaping is being practiced to minimize post construction water usage. This is
being done by providing native species, efficient irrigation systems and by limiting lawn areas. The
building water consumption also has been reduced by use of high efficiency low-flow fixtures. The
construction water management on site is very efficient in terms of reuse of waste water and less
utilization of potable water in construction.

Figure 1 Site plan

Figure 2 Toilet facilities for workers Figure 3 Safety wears during construction

Figure 4 Safety nets at construction site Figure 5 Worker’s accommodation facilities

 Case studies of GRIHA registered/rated buildings 49

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The building design has also included the existing site features, such as, the visual linkages with
historical monuments, solar geometry, and so on. Due to high density planning requirements, the
design did not permit optimum orientation for all apartment blocks. As a result, the apartment
blocks have equal exposure towards all cardinal directions. However, the critical facades are shaded
and have high performance glazing to negate impact of direct incident radiation. The buildings
are fully compliant with the Energy Conservation Building Code 2007. Several energy efficiency
measures such as roof insulation, high performance glazing, energy efficient lighting and variable
refrigerant volume (VRV) based air conditioning system have been provided to reduce the energy
consumption of the apartments significantly.

Figure 6 Snapshot of CommonWeatlh Games Village

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Solar photo voltaic system is proposed to meet the 10% of total energy requirements for internal
lighting. 31% of outdoor lighting is provided through solar energy. Solar hot water systems are
provided to meet part of water heating needs.

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Waste water recycling and solid waste management for the entire campus are being planned by the
Delhi Jal Board at a macro level for the village as well as adjoining properties.
 50 GRIHA Manual: Volume 1

2.2 Suzlon One Earth

Principal architect Christopher Charles Benninger Architects
Landscape architects Ravi and Varsha Gavandi
Interior architects Tao Architecture and Space Matrix
Electrical consultants Power Engineers
HVAC consultants Refrysinth
Plumbing consultant Rahul Dhadphale
Lighting consultants Ministry of Lights
Green Building Design and Certification Environmental Design Solution

One Earth is Suzlon’s corporate headquarters office which is coming up in Pune, India. The project, in
keeping up with the spirit of the parent company, attempts to showcase itself as a building project
with minimal impact on the environment. The complex consists of an office block and a corporate
learning centre. The buildings are positioned on a site area of 45 392 sq.m. The total built-up area is
70 865 sq.m. The project is registered for green building certification under GRIHA. There are various
salient features which enable it to become an iconic green building.
One of the first steps taken in the project was to ensure that the architectural aspects of design
are well taken care of. Passive design strategies help in ensuring that visual and thermal comfort is
maintained within the building with minimum interventions of technologies. The orientation of the
blocks is such that the majority of the building’s facades face north, south, north-west and south-
east. This enables adequate day lighting and glare control. Glazing on the first and second floors has
been shaded from direct solar radiation using louvers. These also act as important design elements
of the building and give it a visual identity. Architectural design of the office block is such that
various extrusions on various floors shade portions of the building. Therefore, the building is partly
self-shaded. In order to create an interesting office atmosphere, break-out spaces have been created
in the form of small terraces which have been interspersed all over the office block.
In order to minimize disturbance on site and to ensure easy maintenance, various utility corridors
have been provided coupled with the roads and pathways on site. This ensures minimum site
disruption post-occupancy.

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Photo courtesy: Suzlon One Earth – global headquarters of Suzlon Group
 Case studies of GRIHA registered/rated buildings 51

High efficiency mechanical systems in the building ensure that the energy consumption of the
building is significantly reduced. All desks are equipped with LED lights for task lighting which are
governed by motion sensors. So they turn on only when people are seated on their seats. This reduces
lighting load to 0.8 W/sq.ft. Extremely high efficiency HVAC systems have been chosen. The HVAC
system has various components like pre-cooling of fresh air heat recovery/exchanger mechanisms
to minimize energy consumption in HVAC. Overall, the complex has managed to reduce its energy
consumption by 47% below the GRIHA criterion 14 benchmark figures.
Once the energy performance index of the building was reduced, renewable energy systems
in the form of solar PV and windmills were installed to generate approximately 250 000 units of
electricity through renewable sources annually. The project has an installed 13.44 kWp of solar PV
and 18 windmills with power capacity of 4.75 kW each.
The project has taken drastic steps in order to reduce its water consumption as well. Use of low-
flow fixtures throughout the complex has ensures that the building requires 65% less water than
conventional buildings for sanitary purposes. By planting only native trees and shrubs and using
high efficiency sprinkler and drip irrigation systems, the complex has reduced its landscape water
requirement by about 50%. Over 55% of the water in the building is recycled and reused within the
complex.
The intent of making a green building is also reflected in various materials used in the structural
systems and in interiors. Use of Post Tension slabs help in reducing concrete requirement in slabs
and beams by 37%. Use of PT structural system has helped reduce the requirement of structural
steel by almost 50%. Use of Siporex blocks gives the walls of the buildings good insulation while
simultaneously using waste material like fly-ash. Majority of the materials used for interior application
have high recycled content and are low-energy materials.

Overall, the One Earth complex has adopted very high standards for energy and water management
which is reflected in their projected energy and water savings. The One Earth complex has taken
strong steps to minimize its environmental impact at various levels while simultaneously projecting
a very contemporary feel to the buildings and spaces, thereby proving the point that green buildings
can be as aesthetically pleasing as any conventional building and yet are able to have minimal
negative impact on environment.
 52 GRIHA Manual: Volume 1

Figure 8 View of CESE building, IIT, Kanpur

2.3 Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering

building (CESE) at IIT, Kanpur
Architect Kanvinde Rai and Chowdhury Architects and Planners
Energy consultant TERI (The Energy and Resources Institute)
HVAC consultant Gupta Consultants and Associates
Electrical consultant Kanwar Krishen Associates Pvt. Ltd
Landscape architect Mr Yogesh Kapoor

Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering Building at IIT, Kanpur has been taken as an
example to illustrate how the building attempted various GRIHA criteria to make it into a green
building.

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In order to minimize impact of site development on the environment and surroundings, several
best practice guidelines were adopted like demarcation of site for construction, installation dust
screen around the disturbed area to prevent air pollution and spillage to undisturbed site area. Top
soil was excavated, stored and preserved outside the disturbed construction site. Erosion control
systems were adopted and several trees on site were protected. To increase the perviousness of site
and to reduce heat island effect caused due to hard paving around the building, total paving around
the building was restricted to 17%, and more than 50% of the paving is either pervious or shaded
by trees. Irrigation water demand has been reduced by more than 50% in comparison to GRIHA
benchmark. Adequate health and safety measures related to construction were taken.
 Case studies of GRIHA registered/rated buildings 53

Figure 9 Tree preservation Figure 10 Sedimentation tank Figure 11 Air pollution control

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There are two ways of conserving water during post construction and after the building is occupied.
One is landscape water demand and second is building water demand. In this building, reduction
in landscape water demand by more than 50% was achieved by use of minimum grass/lawn area,
maximum green area under native vegetation and native trees. Low flow plumbing fixtures are used
in the building resulting in reduced water consumption from GRIHA’s benchmark in this building by
62%.Waste water is treated and reused for irrigation. Rain water harvesting has been designed.

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Maximum points weightage in GRIHA is given for energy conservation. The criteria and commitment
for energy conservation could be divided into three parts.
a. Energy: end use
b. Energy: embodied and construction
c. Energy: Renewable energy utilization

Energy: end use

The objective and the aim is to reduce annual energy consumption of the building. This has been
achieved in CESE building at IIT, Kanpur through following ways.
1. Architectural design optimized as per the climate of Kanpur, sun path analysis, predominant
wind direction, and existing vegetation.
2. Optimized building envelope to comply to the Energy Conservation Building. Code, to reduce
cooling load in the air conditioned spaces and to achieve thermal comfort in the non air
conditioned areas.
3. Efficient window design by selecting efficient glazing, external shading to reduce solar heat
gain but at the same time achieve glare free natural daylight inside all the laboratory spaces of
the building.
4. Roof shaded by bamboo trellis and green cover to reduce external solar heat gains from the
roof.
 54 GRIHA Manual: Volume 1

5. Common circulation areas are natural day lit and naturally ventilated through integration of
skylights and ventilators.
6. Water cooled chiller selected that complies with the efficiency recommended by the Energy
Conservation Building code.
7. Variable Frequency Drive installed in the Air Handling Units (AHUs).
8. Low energy strategies such as replacement of water cooler by water body to cool the condenser
water loop, integration of thermal energy storage and earth air tunnels enabled reduction in
chiller capacity.
9. Integration of energy efficient lighting design that complies to the recommendations of ECBC.
10. Integration of daylight with artificial lighting.
11. Optimized architectural design and integration of energy efficient fixtures has resulted in the
reduction in annual energy consumption by 41% from GRIHA’s benchmark.

Energy: embodied and construction

GRIHA encourages replacement of high energy intensive materials with low energy intensive
materials, to utilize regionally available materials, materials which use low energy in their
manufacturing process. Following are the measures incorporated at CESE building, IIT, Kanpur:
1. Portland Pozzolona Cement (PPC) with fly-ash content is used in plaster and masonry mortar.
2. Wood for doors is procured from commercially managed forests. Modular furniture made from
particle board is used for interiors.

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Following are the measures incorporated at CESE building, IIT, Kanpur to integrate renewable
sources of energy with the building:
1. Renewable energy from photovoltaic panels provide annual energy requirements equivalent
to 30% of internal lighting connected load.
2. Hot water demand is met by solar hot water system.