(A 104)

Open Basic Education (Adult)

Basic Computer Skills

Level - A (Equivalent to Class 3)

National Institute of Open Schooling

A 24-25, Institutional Area, Sector-62, Noida-201309 (U.P.)
Website: www.nios.ac.in Toll free no. 18001809393
© National Institute of Open Schooling

2016 ( Copies)

Published by:
Secretary, National Institute of Open Schooling
A 24-25, Institutional Area, Sector-62, Noida-201309 (U.P.)
Chairman Director (Academic) Deputy Director (Academic)
National Institute of National Institute of National Institute of
Open Schooling Open Schooling Open Schooling
NOIDA NOIDA NOIDA

Curriculum Committee
Prof. Mahavir P. Goyal Dr. Kamlesh Mittal Smt. Sangita Chaturvedi
Ex. Principal and System Analyst, Ex. Professor Coordinator AISECT
Deptt. of IT, Govt. of India, Delhi NCERT, New Delhi Delhi
Smt. Kaushalya Bank Smt. Madhvi Sharma Sh. Lokesh Mehra
Asst. Director (Acad) Asso. Professor Specialist, Microsoft India,
NIOS, Noida IGNOU, Delhi Delhi

Lesson Writers
Prof. Mahavir P. Goyal Dr. Kamlesh Mittal Smt. Sangita Chaturvedi
Ex. Principal and System Analyst, Ex. Professor Coordinator AISECT
Deptt. of IT, Govt. of India, Delhi NCERT, New Delhi Delhi
Sh. Devesh Bihari Saxena Smt. Minakshi Ahlavat Smt. Manisha Gupta
Consultant PGT (Computer) PGT (Computer)
Diva Business Solutions Ltd., Delhi DAV Centenary Public School, DAV Centenary Public School,
Bahadurgarh, Haryana Bahadurgarh, Haryana
Smt. Anshul Sharma
PGT (Computer)
DAV Centenary Public School,
Bahadurgarh, Haryana

Translator Editor
Smt. Ravneet Kaur Dr. Brijbhushan Paliwal
Lecturer Associate Professor (Retd.)
MAK Learning Solutions, New Delhi University of Rajasthan, Rajasthan

Course Coordinator
Dr. Balkrishna Rai Sh. Harpal Singh Smt. Pushpa Bansal
Asst. Director (Academic) Ex. Sr. Executive Officer Ex. Sr. Executive Officer
NIOS, Noida NIOS NIOS

Graphic Artist DTP Work

Sh. Rajkumar Sarkar Multi Graphics
Graphic Artist Karol Bagh, New Delhi
Gaziabad, UP
 Message From Chairman

Dear learner,
We can not hypothesize of the progress of any class/society and nation without education. Those countries are
developed and progressive whose literacy rate is higher. Due to illiteracy not only we remain away from the
activities happening around the world but also we are not capable to understand, to change and to intervene in
the social development process due to illiteracy. The change in the society is only possible when the whole
society is educated. Literacy does not mean only to read and write but to join people in the larger part of the
society and it’s activities and thereby bringing them in the main stream of the nation.
After independence many plans/schemes were launched to bring reforms in the field of education. As a result of
these plans/schemes upward trend was observed in the level of education but at the same time numbers of
illiterates have risen. To meet this challenge, “National Literacy mission” was launched on 5th may, 1988 throughout
the country. A “complete literacy Abhiyan” was started but the number of illiterates could not be reduced.
In the next phase, on 8th September, 2009, under the National Literacy Mission, “Saakshar Bharat” programme
was launched. Under this scheme along with formed education-vocational education, skill development/practical
knowledge and the education related to moral value was also included.
The main objective of this mission is to continue the education of neo-literates. To achieve this objective,
National Institute of Open Schooling has joined hand with “Saakshar Bharat”. Under this scheme, NIOS will
develop curriculum, Self Learning Material for the equivalency programme and after evaluation certificates to the
neo-literates will also be issued. The passed out of Basic Literacy Assessment or those who could not continue
their education due to any reason are covered under this programme. The provision has been made to upgrade
the level of learning of the passed out of the Basic Literacy Assessment upto the Class 3.
In this series, the Self Learning Material on “Basic Computer Skills” at level – ‘A’ (equivalent to class III) has
been prepared. This is a relatively new topic for the newly literate learners. Now a day’s telephone, t.v., computer,
internet and mobile have become a part of life. More than 93 cores people use mobile phones in India. 12 cores
Indian use internet which equals 12% of total population in India. Today mobiles are used for information
processing, business, education, sports, entertainment, news from the world, billing, ticketing etc.
We will know about the main characteristics of computer in this book. We will also know about the history, types,
parts and use of computer. The machinery, hardware and software, types of printer, computer processes with
making figures and diagrams, playing games, computer typing and print etc have also been discussed in the
SLM.
It was also thought during the development of the SLM that the daily needs of adults should be incorporated
and how these can be made easy by the use of computers. The skills and capabilities of the students were also
taken into account. This was also kept in mind that this knowledge helps the learners immediately.
After every concept a separate section of questions titled ‘what have you learnt’ has been included for practice.
‘Exercise’ has been at the end of each lesson. Various activities have been given for learners titled ‘Let’s do and
learn’ at the end of lesson. Learners will learn by doing. The summary of lessons has been given under section
‘Let us revise’. After very two chapters an ‘Assessment Sheet’ has been given. A sample question paper is also
there at the end of SLM. Learners can evaluate their skills by solving it.
I want to thank every intellectual who has helped in making this book interesting and useful. I fully believe that
pupils will like this book. I wish for their bright future. Any suggestions for further improvement in the book are
welcome.
Chairman
National Institute of Open Schooling
 Contents
Sl. No. Title of Lesson Page No.

1. Introduction to Computers 1

2. Working of Computer 17

Assessment Sheet 1 28

3. Input, Output and Storage Devices 31

4. Operating System 47

Assessment Sheet 2 61

5. Paint Brush and Computer Games 63

6. Word Processing 83

Assessment Sheet 3 106

Sample Question Paper 109

 1

Introduction to Computers

We will learn in this lesson

 What is computer?
 Characteristics of computer
 Where do we use computers?
 Development of computers
 Types of computers
 How to start and shut down a computer
 Precautions to be taken while using a computer

The world is changing fast. As the needs of human beings are growing, so are the innovations. The
early humans lived in forests and hunted for the food. Slowly they started living as families, developed
villages, cities, countries and a new world evolved. Humans discovered a number of things to make
their lives comfortable. The discovery of wheel revolutionized the transport system. The innovation
of machines like computers has almost changed our life.
The work which took hours to complete is completed by computers in seconds. While sitting at
home we can see the entire world. With the help of internet we can locate the path to reach almost
anyone's house. We can talk face to face with people sitting in other countries. We can send long
letters to a person within seconds.

1
We don't need to go personally to book tickets for travelling by bus, rail or aeroplane. We can book
tickets through internet while sitting at home. We can choose the seats, book them and get tickets
through the computer.
In agriculture we can get information about new varieties of seeds available, manures and fertilizers,
new equipments useful for agriculture through computers. We can check the rates of crop produce
in different markets, and make bookings to sell our produce. We can make orders for seeds and
fertilizers from anywhere. We can also get advice from agricultural scientists in case of a disease in
the plants.
In banks computers manage all the accounts=records. While sitting at home, you can look at your
account details within a few seconds. We can pay the bills for our purchases from our banks within
a few seconds. You can find out the rates of your favourite things, clothes, machines, toys etc. using
the internet. You can book the purchases online and get them delivered at home. If you want to send
a gift to somebody living at a far off place, you can do it so easily using the online and home
delivery services.
If you go to a hospital or a doctor, you can easily get the record of the medicines prescribed by the
tests conducted, their reports etc. stored in their computers.
Schools also keep all the records of their children in their computers. Records of students' scores
make it possible to calculate the results in no time. Mark sheets of the students prepared with the
help of the computers can be printed in the school itself.
We can send any information to any part of the world by using internet in computers or mobile
phone.
These days almost everything is done by the computers. Computers are fitted in the machines like
washing machine, refrigerator, television etc. Such machines are called smart machines as they can
work automatically due to programmed computers present in them. There is no question of an
error. Millions of people are working in the field of computer technology. Government job, big
projects, businesses, sale purchase, legal formalities etc. almost every work involves the use of
computers.

Let's know more about computers.

1.1 What is a Computer

Many people think that computers can only be used by highly educated people. But this is not true.
An ordinary, less educated person can also learn to use computers.
The word 'computer' has been derived from the English word 'compute' that means 'to calculate'.
Actually, the first computer was developed to calculate only. But slowly it developed into a powerful
machine which can perform different types of functions.

2
 Computer is an electronic machine which works according to the user's directions and
gives the desired results.

Computer

1.2 Characteristics of a Computer

Did we ever think that humans would develop a machine which would be able to do a work in
almost no time? Today we are using computers in almost every field. In olden times we had to
waste a lot of time in searching old records, but now it takes only a few seconds and the records are
right in front of us on computer's screen. In fact this wonderful machine has several characteristics
that have made it an indispensable companion of humans. Let’s have a look at these characteristics.

 Computer works at a very fast speed.

 It does every work easily and accurately.
 It can work for a long time without getting tired.
 Computer is an obedient machine and works exactly as per the directions given. It can
repeat an action several times without getting bored.
 Computer always gives correct results.
 Computer can store a large amount of information in a very small space.

3
 1.3 Where do we use computers?

Use of computers has brought a big change in our lines. No field of our life has been left untouched
by the computers. The major areas where computers are used are -

 Education  Agriculture
 Art  Security
 Transport  Business and Industry
 News communication  Banking
 Entertainment  Employment
 Medicine  Sports
Now we will tell you how computers are used in different fields.

1.3.1 Computers in Schools

We use computers in almost all the activities in
schools. Computers are used by the students to
obtain extra information, understand a concept
through videos, search for the meanings of certain
words, know about different agencies, learn
drawing, programming etc.
Teachers use computers to enhance their
knowledge, explain difficult concepts to students
with the help of 'electronic boards', making
teaching joyful through animations, videos and
films. They also use computers to keep records Students working on computer in school
of students, prepare results etc. With computers
they are able to work faster and that too with almost no error.

1.3.2 Computers in Hospitals

You remember that earlier when we went to a hospital, there were long queues involving a lot of
wastage of time. Now all the work is done within minutes with the help of computers.
Computers are used in hospitals to keep record of the patients, to prepare reports, to keep an inventory
of the medicines present etc. A number of machines used for treatment of patients are fitted with
computers. They help to detect the problem and also assist in the treatment.

4
 Doctor using a computer

1.3.3 Computers in the Shops

When we go to big shops to buy things, we find that the bills are prepared with the help of computers.
The bill shows all the details like name of each item purchased, cost of each item and total amount
to be paid. This makes payment easy, the time taken is less and everything is done in an honest way.

Let's see, what you have learnt 1.1

I. Answer the following questions:

(i) Write down the names of two areas where computers are used.

________________________________________________________________

(ii) Write down two characteristics of computers.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

II. Fill in the blanks:

(i) Computers are used in .................................. to keep a record of the students.

(ii) Computer gives us .................................. results.

5
 III. Mark the following statements as true () or false ():

(i) Computer is an electronic machine. ( )

(ii) Computer is not used in the banks. ( )

1.4 Development of Computers

Just like the invention of wheel brought about a revolution in the lives of human beings, invention
of computers has also revolutionized the whole world. Computers have evolved in five generations.
First three generation computers were quite big in size and their cost was also very high. An ordinary
person could not think of buying them.

First generation computer Fifth generation computer

Fourth and fifth generation computers became smaller in size. Their working efficiency and utility
also increased and the cost decreased substantially. Today, computer is within the reach of an ordinary
person.

1.5 Types of Computers

Technologically we can divide the computers into three types - Digital, Analog and Hybrid. Here
we will talk only about the digital computers as in India we use them the most.
On the basis of work and structure, digital computers can be divided into four types - Micro, Mini,
Mainframe and Super computers.

6
 Types of Computers

Digital Analog Hybrid

Micro

Mini

Mainframe

Super

1.5.1 Micro Computers

Micro computers are smallest in size. Examples are Desktop, Tablet and Laptop.

Desktop Laptop Tablet

1.5.2 Mini Computer

Mini computers are bigger in size than the micro computers. Their working
efficiency is much higher than the micro computers. They are used in big offices,
defense establishments, booking offices of railway and airways etc.

Mini Computer

7
 1.5.3 Mainframe Computer

Mainframe computers are bigger than micro and mini computers. Their working efficiency is much
higher than the mini computer. They are used in very big companies and big offices where a huge
amount of calculations and record keeping is required.

Mainframe Computer

1.5.4 Super Computer

Super computers are biggest in size. You listen to the weather forecast every day. You should know
that daily weather information is given to us by the Meteorological Department using super computer.

Super Computer

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 1.6 Main parts of a computer

A computer has the following main parts:

i. C.P.U ii. Monitor iii. Keyboard iv. Mouse

i. C.P.U. (Central Processing Unit): The way our heart and brain
work in our body, in the same way C.P.U. works as heart and brain
of the computer. C.P.U. processes all the commands that are given
by us.

ii. Monitor: The commands processed

by the C.P.U. are displayed on the C.P.U
monitor. It is an output device as it
shows the processed information.

Monitor
iii. Keyboard: It is just like
a typewriter. Commands
are given to the C.P.U. by
typing on the keyboard.
Therefore, it is an input
device. Keyboard

iv. Mouse: Mouse helps to give commands by pressing on the

icons visible on the monitor. It is also an input device.
Mouse In chapter 3 we will study how these parts function.

Let's see, what you have learnt 1.2

I. Answer the following questions:

(i) How many types of digital computers are there?

________________________________________________________________

9
 (ii) Which type of computer is used by the Meteorological Department?

_______________________________________________________________

II. Fill in the blanks:

(i) ................................... is known as the brain of computer.

(ii) ................................ computers are bigger than micro and mini computers.

III. Mark the following statements as true () or false ():

(i) Micro computers are biggest in size. ( )

(ii) Monitor works as heart and brain of computer. ( )

1.7 Switching on and shutting down of computer

Computer should be switched on and shut down in a proper way. To switch on the computer, press
the following buttons in sequence -

1. Main power switch

2. U.P.S. (Uninterrupted Power Supply) button

3. C.P.U.'s button

4. Monitor's button

Wait till you see something on desktop screen on the monitor.

Now you can work on the computer. When you finish your
work, follow the following steps to shut down the computer-

1. Click on the 'start' button on the monitor screen.

(It will look like the picture shown here)

2. You will get an option of 'shut down'. Click on this

option. The computer will again try to confirm your
action. Again click on the option O.K.

3. When the screen gets clear, and the mouse and keyboard
light switches off, switch off the U.P.S.

4. Finally switch off the main power button.

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 1.8 Precautions

Till now we have studied about characteristics, uses and main parts of computers. Now we will
study some of the precautions to be taken while using computers.

1. Switch on and shutting down of computer should be done properly.

2. Don't keep eatables near the computers.

3. Protect the computer from dust and dampness.

4. Do use a U.P.S. with the computer so that a sudden power failure does not cause loss of your
work done.

Let's see, what you have learnt 1.3

I. Answer the following question:

Write down the steps in correct order to be followed to start a computer.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

II. Fill in the blanks:

(i) Computer should be switched on and shut down in a ........................... manner.

(ii) Computer should be protected from ......................................... .

Let's Revise

 Computer is an electronic machine which gives desired results of the work for which
the user gives instructions.
 Computer can work very fast. It can work for a long time without getting tired and gives
desired results.
 Today we use computers in almost every field like agriculture, booking of tickets in
railways and airways etc.

11
 Computers are of three types - digital, analog and hybrid.
 Main parts of computers are C.P.U., monitor, keyboard and mouse.
 We should switch on and shut down the computer carefully.
 Always keep in mind the precautions that should be observed while using a computer.
 Based on their structure and functions, computers can be divided into four types -
micro computers, mini computers, mainframe computers and super computers.
 C.P.U. (Central Processing Unit) is also called the brain of the computer.
 U.P.S. (Uninterrupted Power Supply) helps computer to keep working even when the
power goes off.
 Monitor - This is the main output device. It shows the input data and the processed
results on its screen.
 Mouse - It is the input device through which instructions are given to the computer.
 Keyboard - It is an input devise through which data is fed into the computer.

Exercise

I. Choose the right option:

(i) What is the full form of C.P.U.?

a. Central Processing Unit b. State Processing Unit

c. Central Primary Unit d. State Primary Unit

(ii) Which type of computer is used by the Meteorological Department?

a. Super computer b. Micro computer

c. Mini computer d. Mainframe computer

(iii) What type of machine is 'computer'?

a. Electronic b. Battery operated

c. Electrical d. Electro-mechanical
II. Fill in the correct word in the blanks:

(i) Computer is a ...................... machine.

12
 (ii) ................................ is known as computer's brain.

(iii) Name of the biggest computer is .............................

III. Mark the following statements as true () or false ():

(i) Computer has its own brain. ( )

(ii) We can play games on a computer. ( )

(iii) We should eat food while working on a computer. ( )

(iv) Monitor is an output unit. ( )

(v) We can use computers in limited areas. ( )

IV. Match the pictures with their names:

(i)

Monitor

(ii)

Mouse

(iii)

C.P.U.

(iv)

Key board

13
 V. Answer the following questions:

(i) What is a computer?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

(ii) How many types of computers are there?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

(iii) What was the size of the first generation computer?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

(iv) What are the main parts of a computer?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

(v) What precautions should we follow while using a computer?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

ANSWER
Let’s see, what you have learnt
1.1

I. (i) For treatment of patients in hospital , For keeping records of students in school

(ii) Computer works with a very fast speed, Computer always gives correct results.

II. (i) School

(ii) Correct

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III. (i) 

(ii) 
1.2

I. (i) Digital computers are of four types -

a. Micro b. Mini

c. Mainframe d. Super

(ii) Super Computer

II. (i) C.P.U. (ii) Mainframe

III. Put correct () or cross ()

(i)  (ii) 
1.3

I. Right sequence of switching on a computer is to press -

(i) Main power switch

(ii) U.P.S. button

(iii) C.P.U.'s button

(iv) Monitor's button

II. (i) correct

(ii) dust

Exercise
I. (i) a (ii) a (iii) a

II. (i) Electronic

(ii) C.P.U.

(iii) Super Computer

III. (i) False (ii) True

(iii) False (iv) True

(v) False

15
IV. (i) House (ii) C.P.U

(iii) Monitor (iv) Keyboard

V. (i) Computer is an electronic machine which gives desired results for the commands given
by the user.

(ii) Computers are of three types - Digital, Analogue and Hybrid.

(iii) First generation computers were very big in size.

(iv) Computer has four parts - C.P.U., Monitor, Key board Mouse.

(v) a. Computer should be switched on and shut down in a proper way

b. Eatables should not be placed near the computer

c. Computer should be protected from dust.

Let's do and learn

Go to a bank in your area and see how they are doing bank's work using computers.

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 2

Working of Computer

We will learn in this lesson

 What are computer 'Hardware' and 'Software'?

 Different types of softwares used in computer

 Different computer languages

 Vocabulary used in computers

You use different types of machines in your life. Every machine uses raw materials. To get the final
product every machine has to go through a procedure. For example, Raju has to make juice for his
guests. To make the juice he will cut fresh fruits, put them in the juicer and switch it on. When the
juice is ready, he pours it into the jug. In this example fresh fruits are 'Input', switching on the juicer
and preparing juice is 'Processing' and ready juice is the 'Output'. Raju has used the jug to store the
juice. Similarly computer is an electronic machine in which we input data, process it and get the
desired output or the results. Computers have a memory unit along with the input unit, processing
unit and output unit in which data and output are stored.

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 Main units of Computer

2.1 Parts of Computer

Computer has five main parts -

2.1.1 Input Unit

This unit is used to enter data into computer. Input
can be given by user (who is working on a computer)
to computer through keyboard, mouse etc.

2.1.2 Memory Unit

Memory unit is used to store the input data and

instructions in a computer.

2.1.3 Control Unit

This unit controls the other units of computer by giving instructions. This unit has an overall control
on computer.

2.1.4 A.L.U

All the arithmetic and logical operations can be done in this unit, for example +, _, *, /, >,< etc.
ALU and control unit together make one unit which is called the CPU. It is also known as the brain
of the computer.

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 2.1.5 Output Unit
This unit is used for showing the processed data and the final results. We can see the output on a
screen and can also get a print of it with the help of a printer.
We will study about printers in detail in our next chapter.

2.2 Computer Hardware

Computer is made up of different parts which can be seen or touched. All these parts (that can be
seen or touched) are called hardware devices.

Computer hardwares are those devices which have a definite shape and size. We can touch
them.

Computer hardware devices are made by human beings. These devices are joined together. Every
hardware device has a different work to do. Hardware has the possibility of wear and tear.

Let's see, what you have learnt 2.1

I. Answer the following questions:

(i) What is called as the brain of computer?

________________________________________________________________

(ii) Which hardware is used to feed data into the computer?

________________________________________________________________

(iii) Which hardware is used to print the processed data (output) on paper?

________________________________________________________________

II. Mark the following statements as True () or False ():

(i) Computer is a mechanical device. ( )

(ii) We cannot touch the computer hardware. ( )

(iii) The task of control unit is to have full control over the computer. ( )

(iv) There is a possibility of wear and tear in computer hardware. ( )

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 2.3 Computer Software

We watch and listen to television. We laugh, cry and show emotions while watching programs on
television. These programs provide entertainment in different ways. But we cannot touch these
programs. These programs are called software.
Software is a computer program which works according to the instructions given to the computer.

Software is that part of a computer which we cannot see. We can work on it, can give instructions
and get output but we cannot touch it.

Computer software is developed to achieve some specific objectives, which is also known as a
program.

Types of Software: Computer software is divided into two parts on the basis of its use and application
: System software and Application Software.

 System Software: This software controls the hardware device and other softwares. Its work
is to control the activities of a computer.
 Application Software: This software is developed to perform some specific task. For example:-
to book the railway tickets, to keep the record of salaries in offices, to get the records for
weather forecasting etc.

Computers in office Railway ticket reservation

Let's see, what you have learnt 2.2

I. Answer the following questions:

(i) What is a program?
________________________________________________________________

20
 (ii) What is computer software?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

(iii) What is system software?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

(iv) Which type of software is used to keep the records of salaries in the offices?

________________________________________________________________

II. Mark True as () and False as ():

(i) We cannot touch the computer software. ( )

(ii) Computer does not need any instructions to work. ( )

2.4 Languages of Computer

The early humans did not have a language and even then they were able to exchange their thoughts.
They had their own ways of communication. Time changed and languages developed. When the
computer was developed it only understood machine language, which is also called binary language.
Binary language is made up of only two digits (0s and1s).

Machine Language (Low Level Language): This language is made up of only two digits (0
and 1). It is difficult for a layman to read and understand this language. It is also called a low
level language.

After this machine language, 'Assembly language' was developed. This was easier than the machine
language. But an ordinary person had to take training to use it properly. Assembly language was
converted into machine code with the help of an assembler, and then only the computer could
understand it.

Assembly Language: Unlike an ordinary language, this language uses symbolic codes. This
language is easier to understand as compared to machine language.

It is said that necessity is the mother of invention. Therefore, a language was developed which was
easy to read, understand and work with for an ordinary person. This language began to be known as

21
'High Level Language'. Now the program started to be written in High level language.

High Level Language: This language is simple, common and easy to understand for an ordinary
person. This language is changed into machine code with the help of a compiler so that computer
can work on it.

Computer works on different types of data and instructions but all this data and instructions are
converted into machine code before computer uses them.

2.5 Computer Vocabulary

 Data based material: Different types of facts and figures make data. For example: any fact,
any number, word, picture etc. like Naresh, Delhi, 9985469132 etc.
 Information: The processed data is called information. For example: Naresh goes to Delhi.
Naresh's mobile no. is 985469132.
 Program: The set of instructions which are given to computer to do a particular task is called
a program.
 File: File is a collection of data and records. It is saved in the computer by giving a specific
name. It is also called an electronic file.
 Processing: Conversion of data (like numbers, words or pictures) into information is called
processing. For example: 26+10 = ?
After processing this data computer will show the output as: 26+10= 36.
 Input unit: This unit is for entering data into the computer.
 Memory unit: This unit is used for storing the input data and instructions.
 Control unit: This unit controls the activities of the computer.
 CPU: This unit is made up of control unit and ALU, known as CPU. It is also known as brain
of a computer.
 Output: This unit is used to show the final results.
 Interpreter: This software is used for converting high level language into machine language
line by line.
 Compiler: The software which converts the entire program of high level language into machine
language at once is called a compiler.
 Low level language: This language uses machine code (0,1). It is also known as binary
language.

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 High Level Language: This is an easy, simple and user friendly language.
 Software: This is a program which is developed to meet a specific objective.
 System Software: This software controls the hardware and the other softwares.
 Hardware: This is a device which we can see and touch.

Let's see, what you have learnt 2.3

I. Answer the following questions:

(i) What is a binary language?

________________________________________________________________

(ii) What is used for converting assembly language into machine language?

________________________________________________________________

(iii) What is processing?

________________________________________________________________

II. Mark True as () and False as ():

(i) It is easy for a computer to understand the symbolic language. ( )

(ii) A file made in computer is also called an electronic file. ( )

(iii) The information which we get after processing the data is called a program. ( )

Let’s Revise

 Computer is a machine which processes input data and gives the desired output.
 Computer has five main parts: Input unit, Memory unit, Control unit, ALU and Output
unit.
 Computer hardwares are those devices which have definite shape and size. We can see
and touch them.
 We cannot see computer softwares, but they do all the work. These softwares get us the
desired result based on the instructions given. Softwares are of two types: System
Software and Application Software.

23
 Computer language is known as machine language which uses only two numbers (0,1).
Since machine language is difficult for an ordinary person to understand, so the work on
assembly language was devised. It is easier than the machine language. These days we
use high level language to write programs since they are easier and ordinary people can
use them.
 Assembler and Compiler both are used to convert assembly language and high level
language into machine language. These are also some types of software.

Exercise

I. Tick the right answer in the following questions:

(i) Which unit is used to enter data into computer?
(a) Output unit (b) Memory unit

(c) Input unit (d) Control unit

(ii) Which unit of computer controls all other units by giving instructions to them and
controls the overall working of a computer?
(a) Memory unit (b) Control unit

(c) Arithmetic and logical unit (d) Output unit

(iii) Which software is used in offices to keep the record of salaries?
(a) System software (b) Assembler

(c) Application software (d) Compiler

(iv) What do we call the set of instructions given to the computer?
(a) File (b) Data

(c) Notice (b) Program

II. Put () on the right statements and () on the wrong statements:

(i) We can touch the computer software. ( )

(ii) Any fact, number or picture is called data. ( )
(iii) Computer hardware has size and shape. ( )
(iv) Output unit stores the data into computer. ( )

24
III. Match the following:

(i) Data a. Delhi

(ii) Information b. written in symbols

(iii) Assembly language c. Printer

(iv) Output unit d. Processed data

IV. Answer the following questions:

(i) What are computer hardware?

________________________________________________________________

(ii) What is an input device?

________________________________________________________________

(iii) What is a computer program?

________________________________________________________________

(iv) Which language does the computer understand?

________________________________________________________________

(v) What is computer software?

________________________________________________________________

(vi) What are the two types of computer software?

________________________________________________________________

(vii) What is a high level language?

________________________________________________________________

(viii) What is the difference between data and information?

________________________________________________________________

(ix) What is a file?

________________________________________________________________

25
 ANSWERS
Let’s see, what you have learnt
2.1

I. (i) CPU

(ii) Mouse, Keyboard/Input unit

(iii) Printer

II. True/False

(i) False (ii) False

(iii) True (iv) True

2.2

I. (i) Set of instructions is called program.

(ii) The program for a computer which is developed to meet the specific objective is called
computer software.

(iii) The program which controls the overall working of a computer is called system software.

(iv) Application Software.

II. True/False

(i) True (ii) False

2.3

I. (i) It is a machine language which is written with only two numbers i.e. 0 and 1

(ii) Assembler

(iii) The process of converting data (like numbers, letters, words or picture) into information
is called processing.

II. True/False

(i) False (ii) True (iii) False

Exercise
I. (i) (c) Input Unit

(ii) (b) Control Unit

26
 (iii) (c) Applications software

(iv) (d) Program

II. (i) False (ii) True

(iii) True (iv) False

III. (i) a (ii) d

(iii) b (iv) c

IV. (i) Which we can see and touch. They have some size and shape .For example mouse,
keyboard etc.

(ii) Input device: This is used to enter data into computer. For example, mouse, keyboard
etc.

(iii) The set of instructions is called a program.

(iv) Computer understands machine language.

(v) Computer software is that program which we cannot see and touch but can work on it,
can give instructions and gets output.

(vi) Computer software are of two types : System software and Application software

(vii) High level language is easy, simple and user friendly language.

(viii) Data: Different types of facts and figures are called data. For example: any fact, any
number, words, pictures etc.

Information: The information which we get after processing the data is called information.
For example: Seema is a painter.

(ix) File: It is collection of data and information, which is stored in a computer with a specific
name. It is also called an electronic file.

Let's do and learn

Explore all the parts of computer. Learn to start and shut down the computer and try to know about
its hardware and software. Share this information with those people who do not know about computer.

27
 Assessment Sheet 1
(Lesson 1 - 2)

I. Mark the correct statement as right () and wrong statement as wrong ( ):

(i) Computer works at a slow speed. ( )

(ii) Microcomputers are the biggest computers. ( )
(iii) Computer software cannot be touched. ( )
(iv) Mainframe computers are seen in the government offices and big companies. ( )
(v) Assembly language can be converted into machine language with the help of an
assembler. ( )
(vi) System software controls the other software and hardware. ( )

II. Fill in the blanks with the correct word:

(i) The language which is made of two numbers (0 and 1) is called ....................... language.

(ii) The full form of UPS is .......................

(iii) The set of instructions given to computer is called .......................

(iv) Keyboard is an ....................... device.

(v) The process of converting data into information is called .......................

(vi) ....................... is called as a brain of computer.

III. Answer the following questions:

(i) What is high level language?

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
(ii) What are the types of computers on the basis of their working? Name them.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
(iii) What is system software?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

28
 (iv) What is the difference between an input and output device.

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Answer Key
I. True False:

(i) False (ii) False (iii) True

(iv) True (v) True (vi) True

II. Fill in the blanks with the correct word:

(i) Binary/Machine

(ii) Uninterrupted Power Supply

(iii) Program

(iv) Input

(v) Processing

(vi) CPU

III. Answer the following questions:

(i) This language is simple and easy to understand for an ordinary person. It is also called
high level language. This can be converted into machine code with the help of a compiler
or interpreter.

(ii) Computer are of four types on the basis of their working:

(a) Micro Computer

(b) Mainframe Computer

(c) Mini Computer

(d) Super Computer

29
(iii) System software controls the computer hardware device and the other software. Its
work is to control the activities of a computer.

(iv) Input device: The hardware device used to enter data into computer is called an input
device. For example: mouse, keyboard etc.

Output device: The hardware device used to receive information from the computer.
For example: Monitor, Printer etc.

30
 3

Input, Output and Storage Devices

We will learn in this lesson

 Input devices and their types

 Output devices and their types
 Printers and their types
 Speakers and plotters

3.1 Input Devices (Instruments)

Computer cannot work without data and instructions. The devices through which we send data and
instructions to the computer are called input devices. Some of the most common types of input
devices are as follows:

3.1.1 Keyboard
It is a tool to enter data into the computer. Therefore it is called an input device. It looks like a type
writer keyboard. It generally has 101 keys. We will know about the different types of keys and their
working in later chapters. Keyboard is connected to a computer with a wire. It has so many buttons
with symbols on it, which work differently. These are given below:

31
 Keyboard

(i) Letter keys: These keys are used to type capital letters (A-Z) or small letters (a-z), numbers,
punctuation symbols. Letters are not in the order. Keys are in the specific order which is made
like a type writer.

Letter Keys

(ii) Caps lock key: This key is used to type capital or small letters. When caps lock key is
pressed, it helps write capital letters .When it is not pressed then the letters are typed in small
case.

Caps Lock key

(iii) Function keys: Function keys are used to give specific command to computer. There are 12
function keys on the keyboard, F1 to F12.

Function keys

32
(iv) Shift key: When a key has two symbols on it, then to type the upper symbol keep the shift key
pressed and press that symbol key. Shift key is also used to type the capital letters.

Shift key

(v) Spacebar key: It is the longest key on the keyboard. It is used to give space between two
words or letters.

Spacebar key

(vi) Backspace key: Backspace key is used to erase the letters from right to left.

Backspace Key

(vii) Delete key: It deletes the letter on the right side of the cursor.

Delete Key

33
(viii) Arrow keys: With the help of arrow keys one can move the cursor on all the four sides. There
are four arrow keys.

Arrow keys

(ix) Enter or Return key: Enter key is used to come at the next line of the paragraph, start a new
paragraph or to enter data or send instructions to CPU.

Enter Key

(x) Numeric keypad: This is on the right side of the keyboard. Some of its keys have dual
functions. When num lock is on (green light is on), these keys work as number keys. When
num lock is off or (green light is off), then these keys work as the symbols written on them.
These are from 0 to 9.

Numeric Pad

34
 3.1.2 Mouse
This is a very small device which can be moved in different directions on the surface of a table with
the help of a hand. It has two or three buttons. These buttons are clicked or pressed with fingers.
This is connected with a computer through a cable or a wire.

Mouse

When a mouse is moved on the surface of a table, an arrow sign on a screen is seen which can be
moved in all directions. This arrow sign is called a mouse pointer. Mouse is multipurpose. It is used
in various tasks. It is very useful for making pictures. It is moved on a pad which is called a mouse
pad.

Clicking: Mouse pointer is dragged to an icon on a monitor. When its left button is pressed, it is
called left clicking. When we press right button, it is called right clicking.

Double Clicking: When left button of the mouse is pressed on a file or any icon on the desktop
only once, then that icon gets selected. To open a file one has to double click on the icon .With this
program starts. It is called double clicking.

Let’s see, what you have learnt 3.1

I. Answer the following questions:

(i) Which hardware device is a keyboard?

________________________________________________________________

(ii) For which type of work keyboard is used?

________________________________________________________________

35
 (iii) What is the work of function keys?

________________________________________________________________

(iv) What is the work of Spacebar key?

________________________________________________________________

(v) For which type of work Enter key or Return key is used?

________________________________________________________________

(vi) What is the range of numeric keys?

________________________________________________________________

3.1.3 Microphone
Microphone is used to send audio or music files as an input to the computer.

Microphone

3.1.4 Scanner
Scanner is used to send printed files or photographs to the computer.

Scanner

36
There are some other devices also which are used to enter data into computer. For example: Trackball,
Light pen, Joystick, Web cam etc.

Trackball Light Pen

Joystick Web cam

3.2 Output Devices

We can see data on the monitor of the computer. We can also print it on paper. So, the most commonly
used output devices are monitor and printer.

3.2.1 Monitor
It looks like a television. We can see the data and instructions on the monitor which we enter into
computer and also the desired output is seen on it.

Monitor

37
 3.2.2 Printer
Printer is an important accessory of computer. With its help we can print the stored data in computer
on paper. These days different types of printers are being used. Main among them are:

1. Dot Matrix Printer

2. Inkjet Printer

3. Laser Printer

Dot Matrix Printer Inkjet Printer

Laser Printer

Other output devices are Speaker, Plotter etc.

Speaker Plotter

38
 Let’s see, what you have learnt 3.2

I. Match the following with the correct option:

(i) Speaker a. To enter text or image into a computer

(ii) Scanner b. To listen sound or music

(iii) Printer c. Output Device

(iv) Monitor d. To print

3.3 Storage Devices

The device in which data is stored is called a storage device. Storage devices are of two types:

Storage Device

Primary Storage Device Secondary Storage Device

3.3.1 Primary Devices

This is fixed in a computer. It has RAM and ROM. Full form of RAM is Random Access Memory
and full form of ROM is Read Only Memory. RAM stores temporary data. As the power gets off,
data is lost.

3.3.2 Secondary Device

The external devices which are used to store the data and information for the longer period of time
are called as secondary devices. These devices are used in case of need. These devices are easy to
carry anywhere. For example, Hard disk, pen drive, memory card, CD etc. These are used to store
the data permanently.

Pen Drive C.D.

39
 3.3.3 Hard Disk

Hard disk is a magnetic device. Whatever work is done on a computer is stored in it.

Hard Disk

3.3.4 CD-ROM

By inserting this device into a computer, we can only read data from the computer. This is called a
CD-ROM. This is round in a shape. In CD-RW we can write data as well.

CD - Rom or CD - R

3.3.5 D.V.D. R.W.

DVD or Digital Versatile Disc has higher storage capacity than CD. In DVD RW we can read as
well write data.

DVD RW

40
 3.3.6 Pen Drive

This device is quite small in size in which a large amount of data can be stored. It is easy to carry
than a CD. This is inserted into a computer in the USB port.

Pen Drive

3.4 Terms used to describe the capacity of storage devices

By now we have come to know that storage device is an important unit of a computer in which data,
instructions and results are stored. Their capacity is measured in terms of byte, kilobyte, megabyte
etc.
Bit is the smallest unit of a computer. It can have only two values, 0 or 1.
One byte contains 8 bits. If we press the letter A from the keyboard then it will occupy one byte of
space in memory.

If we type My Computer then it will occupy 11 bytes .The space between two letters or words
also occupies space of one byte.

1 bit - Binary digit (0, 1)

1 byte - 8 bit
1 Kilo byte (KB) - 1024 bytes
1 Megabyte (MB) - 1024 kilo bytes
1 Giga byte (GB) - 1024 mega bytes
1 Terabyte (TB) - 1024 giga bytes

Let us see what you have learnt 3.3

I. Fill in the blanks:

(i) Storage devices are of two types ................................. , ................................. .

41
(ii) Hard disk is a ................................. device.

(iii) Pen drive stores ................................. amount of data.

(iv) ................................. is the smallest unit of data in a computer.

(v) One kilobyte is equal to ................................. bytes.

Let's Revise

 Keyboard, Mouse, Microphone, Scanner, Trackball, Light pen, Joystick and Web cam
etc. are input devices.
 Monitor, Printer, Speaker, Plotter etc. are output devices.
 Storage devices are of two types: Primary and secondary.
 Primary memory contains RAM and ROM.
 Secondary memory contains hard disk, pen drive etc.
 Bit, byte, Kilo byte, Megabyte, Gigabyte and Terabyte are the units to measure the
capacity of a computer.
 Input Device: To send data and instruction into the computer.
 Output Device: To see the output.
 Storage Device: In which data and instructions are stored.
 Output: The information that we get from computer is called output.
 Printer: To print the output on a paper.
 Monitor: Shows the input data and the desired output.
 Screen: That part of a computer on which we see the data and information.
 Keyboard: To type the data and instructions.
 Mouse: To give the instructions to the computer .This is also an input device.

Exercise

I. Fill in the blanks:

(i) Monitor and Printer are ............................. devices.

(ii) Full form of ROM is ............................. .

42
 (iii) Full form of RAM is ............................. .

(iv) Function keys are from ............................. to ............................. .

II. Select the correct option

(i) Among the following, which type of device is keyboard?

a. Input b. Output

c. Processing d. Storage

(ii) Which are numeric keys?

a. 0 to 9 b. A to Z

c. Function keys d. Arrow keys

(iii) How many types of computer memory are there?

a. One b. Two

c. Three d. Four

(iv) Which of the following is an input device?

a. Monitor b. Keyboard

c. Scanner d. Webcam

(v) What is a full form of RAM?

a. Read Memory Only

b. Random Access Memory

c. Read Only Memory

d. Random Access Memory

(vi) How many bits are needed to make a one byte?

a. 64 b. 16

c. 32 d. 8

III. Mark the following statements right ( ) or wrong ( ):

(i) One kilo byte is made up of 1024 bytes. ( )

(ii) Printer prints the data on the paper. ( )

43
 (iii) Hard disk is a primary storage device. ( )

(iv) Mouse is used to give instructions to the computer. ( )

(v) One kilo byte makes 1024 megabytes. ( )

(vi) We can restore the data in CD-ROM. ( )

(vii) Pen drive can store large amount of data. ( )

IV. Answer the following questions:

(i) What are input devices?

________________________________________________________________

(ii) For which purpose do we use Caps lock key?

________________________________________________________________

(iii) What is mouse in a computer?

________________________________________________________________

(iv) What are output devices?

________________________________________________________________

(v) How many types of printers are there?

________________________________________________________________

(vi) What are storage devices?

________________________________________________________________

ANSWERS
Let's see what you have learnt
3.1

I. (i) Input device

(ii) Data input

(iii) To give specific commands

44
 (iv) To give the space between letters and words

(v) a. To change the paragraph

b. To send data and commands to the CPU

(vi) From 0 to 9

3.2

I. (i) b

(ii) a

(iii) d

(iv) c

3.3

I. (i) Primary storage, Secondary storage

(ii) Magnetic

(iii) Large

(iv) Bit

(v) 1024

Exercise
I. (i) Output (ii) Read Only Memory

(iii) Random Access Memory (iv) F1, F12

II. (i) a (ii) a (iii) b (iv) a (v) b (vi) d

III. (i) True (ii) True (iii) False (iv) True

(v) False (vi) False (vii) True

IV. (i) Devices through which data and instructions are sent to the computer memory.

(ii) Caps Lock key is used to type the capital letters when it writes small or small letters
when it is capital.

(iii) Mouse is device which helps to give instructions to the computer.

(iv) The devices through which we get information.

(v) Printer are of three types-

45
 a. Dot Matrix Printer

b. Laser Printer

c. Inkjet Printer

(vi) The devices in which data is stored, for example: Pen drive, CD etc.

Let's do and learn

Collect the pictures of the following and paste them in your notebook -

Input devices, Output devices, Storage devices

46
 4

Operating System

We will learn in this lesson

 What is an operating system?
 How to work on operating system
 Different parts of desktop
 To create a file, folder and sub folder

Operating system is the most important part of a computer. It connects different parts of a computer
with one another. It provides facility to the computer programs to use different units of computer in
the right manner.It helps us to use the computer in an easy way. Operating system provides many
more facilities.

4.1 Operating System

Operating system is an important interface between user and the computer. It helps computer to
work in an efficient way and also makes our work simple and easy.
A Computer cannot do anything without an operating system. Operating system has many programs
in it. Some of its programs control the input/output devices; some of them control the disk. Some
programs connect one computer to the other computer or with a telephone line. Some programs
perform other functions.

47
 4.2 To work on Operating System

When we switch on the computer, the first task the operating system does is to identify different
parts which are connected with it like keyboard, mouse, monitor, printer etc. Then it checks the
working of all these parts whether they are working properly or not. After it checks all the parts, a
computer screen appears as shown in the following picture. This screen is called desktop.

Desktop of Windows XP

4.2.1 Desktop

Desktop screen has small pictures on it. These are called icons. An icon represents a program, a file
or a folder. The picture of the icon represents its nature (program, file or folder).
The name of a file or a program is written below the icon. These icons help you to open a file or
start a program.
The bar at the bottom of a desktop is called a Taskbar. It has a start button on its left side. By
pressing it, the list of all programs appears. The programs which are opened by you are shown as a
button on the taskbar.
Every opened program is shown as a button on the taskbar. To open the window of a program which
you want, press the button of that program in the taskbar. The window of that program appears on
the front and the window of the program that was currently opened will hide behind it.

48
There are some small buttons on the right side of taskbar. For example: to adjust the volume to high
or slow, clock button etc.

4.2.2 Mouse Pointer

When you move mouse on the surface of table, an arrow sign moves with it on the screen. This
arrow sign is also known as mouse pointer or cursor.
We give instructions to the computer with the help of a mouse.
Pressing the left side button of a mouse once is called clicking.
Pressing the button twice is called double clicking.
We can start a program by double clicking on its shortcut icon. A file is also opened by double
clicking on its icon. We can read whatever is written in that file. Similarly we can open a folder by
double clicking on its shortcut icon and see the files that are kept in that folder.

4.2.3 Window Screen

When we click on the start button, we will see the following picture:

Window Screen

49
Drag the mouse pointer to the 'My Documents' in the given list program list .Click on it again, you
will see the following screen showing a few folders and files.

My Documnets

On double clicking the file, you see the following window -

MS Word
Let's look at different parts of this window -

50
 4.2.4 Title Bar
The bar at the top of the window is called Title bar. It reflects the name of the program and the file
name. On the right side of the title bar are three buttons to change the window size, hide it or close
it. By clicking on button, window gets hidden and is shown as button on the taskbar. This button is
known as minimize button. The next button is called maximize button. By clicking on this button
we can make the window full size (size of the screen) or of small size. This is called 'close' button.By
clicking on this button window gets closed.

4.2.5 Menu Bar

This bar is below the title bar.There is a list in the menu bar which tells you about the different tasks
you can do in that particular window. It has different commands to perform different functions like
creating a new file, saving the file, editing, inserting pictures etc. Some menu bars have commands
written on them, some show icons for the commands and some menu bar have both the things
together. List in the menu bar depends on the program.

Menu Bar

4.2.6 Scroll Bar

There is a work area below the menu bar.Whatever you type is visible in this area. When you type
lengthy text, the typed portion moves up and more space keeps coming up from below.On the right
side of the screen you will be able to see a vertical bar. This is known as vertical scroll bar. We can
move the page up and down with the help of buttons on the top and bottom of the scroll bar.
The process of moving the typed page up and down is called scrolling.
Just like the vertical scroll bar (to move the page up and down), there is a horizontal scroll bar at
the bottom which is used to move the page right and left.

4.2.7 File
Whatever we type goes to the computer memory and we can see it on the screen in work area.If the
computer is switched off, all the typed work is lost as it neither remains in the computer memory
nor on the screen. We can store our work in any storage device.This process is known a saving. In
the next chapter we will learn how to save our work (text or picture). Operating system of the
computer makes a file of the work and saves it on the disk in the form of a file.We give a name to

51
this file so that it can be located and reused in future.For example, we write an application for a job
we can save it as a name 'job application' or any other name. So, 'job application' file is saved in the
computer for future use.

4.2.8 Folder

Suppose we write an application for recruitment in police and save this file in the name 'app police'.
We write another application for applying for a job in muncipal corporation and save the file as 'app
munici'. In this way we can save each application with a different name.
We can create a folder and store all related files in that folder.Folder is like a cabinet in which we
can store many files. So, we can store all our applications togetheat one place in a folder.
Different people can work on different files on the same computer. They can save their files in
different folders to keep them separate from other's files.
Folder can also be represented by an icon.

Let's see, what you have learnt 4.1

I. Fill in the blanks:

(i) The bar below the desktop is known as ................................ .

(ii) ................................ is an important interface between you and your computer.

(iii) Desktop has a ................................ button on its right side.

(iv) The pictures on the desktop are called ................................ .

(v) To click the mouse button twice is called as ................................ .

(vi) The top most bar of a window is known as ................................ .

(vii) There is a ................................ below the menu bar where we can type.

(viii) Any type of text can be ...................... in a file with the help of an operating system.

(ix) Different files can be stored in a one ............................... with the help of an operating
system.

II. Mark the following statements as true () or false () :

(i) We can work on a computer without an operating system. ( )

52
 (ii) An icon has name of a file or folder below it. ( )

(iii) Mouse has only one button. ( )

(iv) The top bar of a window is known as menu bar. ( )

(v) We can see any file by moving it up and down with the help of a scroll bar. ( )

III. Write the definitions of the following words:

(i) Desktop

________________________________________________________________

(ii) Icon

________________________________________________________________

(iii) Cursor

________________________________________________________________

(iv) Folder

________________________________________________________________

(v) Menu bar

________________________________________________________________

4.3 To create a folder

Drag the mouse at the empty place on the desktop and right click it. Select and click on the New in
the Pop up menu and then click on the folder in the sub menu. This will create a new folder on your
desktop. Its name is highlighted until you press enter. When you press enter it will remain the same
otherwise you can give a name of your choice. For example if you press ABC and then press enter,
a folder named as ABC will be created.

4.3.1 To change the name of a folder

Select the folder whose name you want to change (For example click on the ABC folder to select it)
click on the Rename option in the pop -up menu. The old name will be highlighted again. You can
type the name you want to give your folder. For example type XYZ and press enter, folder's name
will be changed to XYZ.

53
 4.3.2 Sub Folder
You can sub divide the folder into many parts. These parts will be called as sub folder. We can keep
our job applications in one sub folder, leave applications in the second folder and can keep the
papers of house, land, electricity and water bills in the third folder. This will help us to find any file
very easily. Sub folders are saved in the folder icon only.
When we double click on the shortcut icon of folder, we can see the list of files and sub folders in
it.
We can also create the shortcut icons of programs on the desktop just like the shortcut icons of
folders. If we have a shortcut icon of program on the desktop then we don't need to search for that
program. We can start that program by double clicking on its shortcut icon.

4.4 Log On

One computer can be used by many people. Operating system has such a management that it gets to
know as to which person is using a computer at a particular time. When we register to use a computer
then a username and password is given to us.
When computer gets started a screen is seen:

Log In Stream

It has two boxes with names as username and password.

Move the cursor to the username box and click it. Then we move the cursor to the password box

54
and type the password. Whatever we type in the password box is not visible to us, ( ****) will be
seen in that place. Our password is hidden like this.

When another person uses the computer, he enters his own username and password. In this way
operating system is able to know as to which person is using a computer at a particular time.
Now we click on the log on button (on the right side of password) .After this operating system
shows us the desktop and all the files. We cannot see another person's files and another person
cannot see our files. An Operating system keeps our files and data secured. This process is called
log on.

Let's see, what you have learnt 4.2

I. Mark the following statements as true () or false ():

(i) It is not possible to change the name of a folder. ( )

(ii) Operating system has such a management that it gets to know as to which person
is using a computer at a particular time. ( )
(iii) When we type a password, **** are shown in its place. ( )
(iv) You cannot have sub parts of a folder. ( )
(v) You can also open a program through its shortcut icon. ( )

Let's Revise

 Icon: These are small pictures on the desktop which can be a program, file or folder.

 Mouse Click: Pressing the left button of a mouse is called clicking. Pressing the button
twice together is called double clicking. To press the right button is called right click.

 Windows: This is an operating system.

 Menu Bar: This shows the different options for a program.

 Title Bar: This shows the name of a program which has been opened at that time.

 Task Bar: It is below the window. It has start button on its right side. The programs
which are minimized are shown as buttons in its middle.

 Folder: A folder has many files in it which have different names.

 File: We can save the text in a file that we type and can give a name to it.

55
 Exercise

I. Fill in the blanks with a correct word:

(i) The program is opened by ............................ clicking on its icon.

(ii) Menu bar is ............................ the title bar.

(iii) Vertical scroll bar is on the ............................ side of the work area.

(iv) You can ............................ the data in a file.

(v) A ............................ can store many files in it.

(vi) .......................... system keeps the files of every registered user in a different folder.

II. Mark the following statements as true () or false ():

(i) Operating system controls the input/output devices. ( )

(ii) Input/output devices are a part of operating system. ( )

(iii) The icons on the screen are called shortcuts. ( )

(iv) A folder can have different files and sub folders. ( )

(v) When you open a new program the current opened program gets closed. ( )

III. Tick () on the right answer:

(i) When you type a password then -

a. Your name is seen.

b. Nothing is seen.

c. '*' are seen.

d. Name of a computer is seen.

(ii) Title bar has

a. Your name on it.

b. Shortcuts on it.

56
 c. Name of program and file.

d. List of files.

(iii) Start button on the desktop

a. Is on the top pf the screen.

b. Is at the left bottom of the screen.

c. Is on the top left of the screen.

d. Is at the right bottom of the screen.

IV. Answer the following questions:

(i) What does the operating system do?

________________________________________________________________

(ii) What is there on the desktop and what do we call them?

________________________________________________________________

(iii) What do we do with mouse?

________________________________________________________________

(iv) What is a title bar?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

(v) Which are the two scroll bars on the window? Name them.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

(vi) What is there in the file?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

57
 (vii) What is a folder?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

ANSWERS
Let's see what you have learnt
4.1

I. (i) Taskbar (ii) Operating system

(iii) Start (iv) Icon

(v) Double click (vi) Title bar

(vii) Menu bar (viii) Work area

(ix) Save (x) Folder

II. True /False

(i) False

(ii) True

(iii) False

(iv) False

(v) True

III. Definitions

(i) Desktop: Desktop is the biggest part which is shown on a monitor.

(ii) Icon: These are small pictures which represent program, file or a folder.

(iii) Cursor: When mouse is moved on the surface of a table, an arrow sign also moves on
the screen which is called a cursor.

(iv) Folder: Folder is made up of some files and sub folders.

(v) Menu bar: It is below the title bar. It has a list of options, which tells you the different
type of work you can do in that particular window.

58
4.2

I. True/False

(i) False

(ii) True

(iii) True

(iv) False

(v) True

Exercise
I. (i) Double

(ii) Below

(iii) Right

(iv) Store

(v) Folder

(vi) Operating

II. Mark True/False

(i) True

(ii) False

(iii) True

(iv) True

(v) False

III. Tick () on the right statement:

(i) c

(ii) c

(iii) b

IV. (i) Operating system controls the overall working of a computer so that it works properly.

(ii) Desktop has small pictures on it, which are called icons.

59
(iii) We give instructions to the computer with the help of a mouse.

(iv) The top most bar of a window is called title bar, it has a name of file written on it.

(v) Horizontal and Vertical.

(vi) The typed text is saved in the file.

(vii) Folder contains many files and sub folders.

60
 Assessment Sheet 2
(Lesson 3 - 4)

I. Fill in the blanks with correct answers:

(i) In storage devices .......................... and .......................... is stored.

(ii) Windows is an .......................... system.

(iii) Monitor is a .......................... device.

(iv) One folder has many .......................... in it.

II. Mark the following statements as true () or false ():

(i) Pen drive stores less amount of data. ( )

(ii) Space bar is the longest key of a keyboard. ( )

(iii) Pictures on the screen are called icons. ( )

(iv) Menu bar is above the Title bar. ( )

(v) Mouse has two types of clicks. ( )

III. Choose the correct option:

(i) Which are the alphabet keys:

a. A to Z

b. 0-9

(ii) Backspace key is used for:

a. To erase the letters

b. To type the letters

(iii) How many arrow keys are there:

a. Two

b. Four

(iv) Start button on the desktop is:

a. Above on the screen.

b. Below on the left side of the screen.

61
 Answer Key
I. Fill in the blanks:

(i) Data, Information

(ii) Operating

(iii) Output

(iv) File

II. True and False:

(i) False (ii) True

(iii) True (iv) False

(v) True

III. (i) a (ii) a

(iii) b (iv) b

62
 5

Paint Brush and Computer Games

We will learn in this lesson

 What is paint brush?
 To open paint brush in a computer
 Different tools in the boxes of paint brush
 To draw pictures and fill colours in paint brush
 To open, save and close a file
 To play games on computer

Till now we have studied about what a computer is? How does it work? We have also studied the
uses of computer in different fields. The use of computer in the field of entertainment is widely
prevalent these days. In this chapter we will study about how computer is used in art and games. It
is very easy to work on a computer. Play games, draw pictures and fill colours, all this makes
learning computers more easy. In this chapter we will learn how to draw pictures, fill colours in
them and play games on a computer in a very interesting way.

5.1 Let's open paint brush

We studied how to log on a computer (open) in the last chapter. We can open paint program by
clicking on the start button as follows:

63
i. Drag the mouse pointer to the start button.
ii. Click on the left button of a mouse.
iii. Start menu will appear on the screen.
iv. Click on the program in the start menu.
v. Click on the accessories in the program menu.
vi. Go to its sub menu and click on the paint.

Fig. 5.1

64
In Paint Brush, there is a tool box on the left side and a place to paint in the centre.

Fig. 5.2
Tool box: There are different types of symbols in the tool box, which perform different functions.
It is very easy to draw pictures with the help of these symbols. All the symbols of tool box are given
below:

Fig. 5.3

65
To fill colours in pictures: It is very easy to fill colours in pictures in a paint window. We just need
to select colour with the help of a mouse cursor and click on a picture.

Fig.5.4

Drawing sheet or Working area: This area is used for drawing or making pictures.

Menu bar: It has file, edit, view button etc. which are used in the paint file.

Fig. 5.5

Let's now work on the drawing sheet with the help of tool box.

5.2 To work in paint

5.2.1 Line Tool

i. To draw a line on a drawing sheet click on the line tool option in the tool box with the help of
a mouse.

Fig. 5.6

66
ii. Now left click on your favourite colour in the colour box with the help of a mouse.
iii. Click on the left button of a mouse on the drawing sheet and drag the mouse to the point up to
which you want to draw a line.
iv. Now leave the left button of a mouse.

Note: If you want to draw a straight line then draw the line by pressing shift button. The line will be
a straight line only.
Thickness of the line can be selected by clicking on the 'Size' option.

5.2.2 Pencil tool

We can get this tool by left clicking on the pencil in the tool box. Now drag the mouse on the
drawing sheet by left clicking it and then leave it.
By this a line will be drawn on the drawing sheet. This tool can be used for making other pictures
also.

5.2.3 Eraser tool

Eraser tool is used to erase the pictures that we made on the drawing sheet. Click on the eraser tool
in the tool box. Now drag the mouse pointer to the point on the work area where we want to erase.
Click on the left button of a mouse and move the mouse on the place we want to erase.

5.2.4 Making a circle

It is very easy to make a circle
with the help of ellipse tool.
Click on the ellipse tool in the
tool box with help of a mouse.
Now drag the mouse cursor on
the drawing sheet. Click on the
left button of the mouse while
dragging it and then release the
mouse. If you want to make a
full circle then press the shift
button on the keyboard and
click on the left button of the
mouse to make it. Fig. 5.7

67
 5.2.5 Rectangle tool

This tool is used to draw rectangular or square shapes. To make this first of all, we will select
rectangle tool with the help of a mouse. After this drag the left button of a mouse on the drawing
sheet. To draw square shape we have to keep shift button pressed.

5.2.6 Round Rectangle Tool

We can draw rectangular and square shapes with round corners on the drawing sheet with the help
of this tool.

Fig. 5.8

5.2.7 Polygon Tool

This tool is used to draw polygons on drawing sheets. To use this click on the tool with the help of
mouse and draw line. Every line will go on joining with one another. We can draw polygons like
triangle, rectangle and pentagons etc.

68
 Fig. 5.9

5.2.8 Fill Colour

This tool is used to fill colours in a closed shape. Click on this tool with the help of a mouse. Select
the colour of your choice from the colour box. Now press the left button inside the shape to be
coloured. This colour will fill the whole shape.

5.2.9 Air Brush

This tool is used for
filling or spraying the
colours on the
drawing sheet. Click
on the colour which
you want with the
help of a mouse and
then select an air
brush tool. Use it to
spray colour in the
picture on the
drawing sheet.

Fig. 5.10

69
 5.2.10 Brush Tool

This tool is used to fill colours in the picture. First of all, we have to click on the brush tool with the
help of a mouse. Then we have to choose our favourite colour from the colour box. To choose the
colour, drag cursor to the colour box and click on that colour. Now drag mouse cursor on the
drawing sheet. We will make a picture or any shape by pressing the left button of a mouse. If a
picture is already made then we will fill colours with help of a brush. Wherever the brush tool goes
it fills colours there.

5.2.11 Text Tool

We can write on the drawing sheet with the help of a pencil or a brush tool but the shape of the
words will not be properly made. With the help of text tool we can write beautiful and clear text. To
use this select A tool from the tool box. Now click on the drawing sheet and at that place rectangle
like is made. We can write our text in this. One main feature of this tool is we can
beautify or rectify the text. We can make the shape of the text small or big. We can make it thick,
small or italic. We can draw line under the text and make it colourful also.

Fig. 5.11

70
 5.2.12 Zoom Tool

This tool shows the picture drawn on the drawing sheet in an enlarged form. We can see the bigger
size of a small part of the actual picture with the help of this tool. The same tool can be used again
to bring the big sized image back to its original size. For this we have to click on the drawing sheet.

5.2.13 Select Tool

This tool is used to select the whole picture drawn on the drawing sheet or a part of it. The tool
selects the picture in square or rectangular shape only. We can use the selective part as follows:

Fig. 5.12

1. To delete or erase: Select the picture. Press the delete button on the keyboard.
2. To cut the picture: Select the picture. Go to the edit menu and select cut option. The selected
part will be erased from here but it will remain in the computer memory.
3. To copy: Select the picture. Open edit menu. Now select copy option. This picture will be
copied and remain in the computer.
4. To paste: To paste the picture open edit menu. Now select paste option. With this the cut or
copied picture will come on the left corner of the drawing sheet. Drag this picture to wherever
you want by clicking the left button of the mouse. When picture is at the right place release
the mouse button.
Please note: We can only paste the picture which has been cut and copied but deleted picture
cannot be pasted.

71
 5.2.14 Free Form Tool
We use this tool to select a picture. It selects the picture in any given shape. We can select any part
of the picture as we wish by this tool. But we have to be a little careful while using this tool.

5.2.15 Pick Colour Tool

This tool is used to select the colours of a previously made picture. Its objective is to match the
colour. That means we can use the colour of a previously made picture at another place.

5.2.16 Curve Tool

This tool helps in making curve (rounded) shape.

Let's see, what you have learnt 5.1

I. Name the following pictures:

(i) ________________ (iv) ________________

(ii) ________________ (v) ________________

(iii) ________________

II. Name the following:

(i) The tool which is used for spraying colours …………… .

(ii) The tool with which we can draw polygons like triangle, square etc. ………….. .

(iii) The tool with which we can write clean and beautiful ………….. .

(iv) The tool which is used to select the colour of a previously made picture ............. .

(v) The place where picture is drawn ......................... .

72
 5.3 Let's draw a picture

By now we know about paint brush and different tools used in it. Come let's use these tools and
make a picture.

 First of all let's draw a tree. For making a tree we will use line tool. For this we will draw two
lines. Like a tree we will close the lines from above and below as shown in the picture (5.13)

 Now let's draw the upper part of the tree with the help of pencil tool. We will select green
colour from the box using air brush. Now by clicking the left button of a mouse we will fill
colours in the leaves of a tree. We will select brown colour from the colour box to fill colour
in the stem of a tree. We will fill this colour in the stem with the help of fill colour tool. If the
colour comes out of it then use Ctrl+Z or Undo button. We will get this button by clicking on
the edit menu. With this we can remove the colour that has come out. Let us now find out
which part of the stem of the tree has been left open by using zoom tool. Close that part with
the help of a pencil. Use zoom tool again to bring the picture back to its original size. Now fill
the colour in the stem with the help of fill colour tool.

Fig. 5.13

 For making the well we will use ellipse tool. For making bricks of the well we will use
rectangle tool. For this first of all we will select colour from the colour box. Then with the
help of mouse select rectangle tool. Now use fill colour tool from the tool box and fill colour
in the bricks as per your choice.

73
 For making hut we will use polygon tool. For this select polygon tool from the tool box. Now
draw lines on the drawing sheet to make a triangle. Fill the colour of your choice with the help
of fill tool.
 To make a bird - We will make a bird with the help of the pencil tool.
Note: Come let's try ourselves and draw a picture shown below:

Fig. 5.14

5.4 Come Let's Learn File Menu

5.4.1 To save a file

It is necessary to save the picture that we have made. It is done in a file so that we can show it to
somebody and work on it. Come let's learn to save the picture.

1. We will select the file menu by clicking the left button of the mouse.
2. Click on "Save as" option in this menu bar.
3. Now we will see a dialogue as shown in the picture 5.15.
Give a name to the file in the place shown in the dialogue box. Now click on the save button.

74
 Fig. 5.15

5.4.2 Closing the file

To save the file click on Exit in the file menu.

5.4.3 To open the file

To open the file click on open in the file menu. You will see the dialogue box shown below.

Fig. 5.16

75
Select file from this dialogue box then click on the open button. We can open only those files that
have been already saved in the computer.

5.4.4 To make a new file

To make a new file click on the new option in the file menu.

Let's see, what you have learnt 5.2

I. Why do we save a file?

_____________________________________________________________________

II. Where do we click to open a file?

_____________________________________________________________________

III. How do we make a new file?

_____________________________________________________________________

5.5 Computer Games

While working on a computer we can also play games on it. It is also a source of entertainment for
us. We can play different types of games on computer.

Fig. 5.17: Game window

76
Generally we play with others. For playing somebody should be with us. But on computer we play
alone. Then why wait let's start playing games on computer.

 Take the mouse pointer on the start button.

 Now click on the start button.

 You will see start menu on the screen.

 Now take the mouse to program option and click on it.

 From the program menu select accessories option.

 In the accessories menu click on the games menu.

 There are many types of games in the game menu like Solitaire, FreeCell etc.

 We can click on any game as per our choice.

Start Programme Accessories Games Solitairee

When we play game on the computer for the first time then we are not aware about the rules of the
game. To know these rules we can take the help of help menu of games.
These days we get many types of games on CDs in the market for example ‘age of empire’, ‘zoo
tycoon’ ‘road race’ etc. We can use them. We can also download games in the computer from Pen
Drive, CD, DVD.

77
Please Remember
1. Line tool: Used for making line on the drawing sheet.

2. Pencil tool: This tool is used for making picture.

3. Eraser tool: Used for erasing picture on the drawing sheet.

4. Ellipse tool: This tool is used for making circles.

5. Rectangle tool: Used for making rectangular and square shapes on the drawing sheet.

6. Round Rectangle tool: Used for making rectangular and square shapes with rounded corners
on the drawing sheet.

Exercise

I. Fill in the blanks with the correct words:

(i) ........................ tool is used for filling colours in the blank pictures.

(ii) We can make a circle with ......................... tool.

(iii) ............................ tool is used for changing the shape of a picture.

(iv) ............................ command is used to save a file.

(v) ........................... tool is used to spray the colour.

(vi) We draw multi sided polygon shapes with ............................ tool.

II. Answer the following questions:

(i) Which tool do we use to show a picture bigger or smaller?

________________________________________________________________

(ii) Which tool do we use to write in paint?

________________________________________________________________

(iii) Name any two games that can be played on a computer.

________________________________________________________________

78
 (iv) Which menu has undo option?

________________________________________________________________

III. Name the following pictures:

(i) ________________ (ii) ________________

(iii) ________________ (iv) ________________

(v) ________________ (vi) ________________

IV. Answer the following questions:

(i) When do we use air brush tool?

________________________________________________________________

(ii) What is paint brush?

________________________________________________________________

(iii) Write three options of tool box.

________________________________________________________________

(iv) Why is it necessary to save a file?

________________________________________________________________

(v) Write the names of any three parts of the paint window.

________________________________________________________________

(vi) a. Where should we click to close a file?

__________________________________________________________

b. Where should we click to open a file?

__________________________________________________________

79
 c. Where should we click to make a new file?

__________________________________________________________

(vii) What is a drawing sheet?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

(viii) What does the eraser tool do?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

ANSWERS
Let's see, what you have learnt
5.1

I. (i) Pick colour tool

(ii) Line tool

(iii) Free form tool

(iv) Text tool

(v) Brush tool

II. (i) Air brush tool

(ii) Polygon tool

(iii) Text tool

(iv) Pick colour tool

(v) Working area

5.2

I. We can open and see the saved file later also and can also do the other work if required.

II. Click on the open in the file menu.

80
III. To make a new file click on the new option in the file menu.

Exercise
I. (i) Brush

(ii) Ellipse

(iii) Zoom tool

(iv) Save as

(v) Air brush

(vi) Polygon

II. (i) Zoom tool

(ii) Text tool

(iii) Free cell, Solitaire

(iv) Edit menu

III. (i) Air brush tool

(ii) Rectangle

(iii) Ellipse tool

(iv) Free form tool

(v) Zoom tool

(vi) Select tool

IV. (i) It is used to spray the colours.

Brush tool: Used for filling colours in the pictures.

(ii) It is used for making pictures and filling colours in the pictures.

(iii) Tool box is a type of tool in which there are different types of options. Each option
performs a particular task.

a. Line tool

b. Pencil tool

c. Eraser tool

(iv) It is necessary to save a file.

81
 (v) Following are the main three parts of paint window:

Tool box, Menu bar, Working area/Drawing sheet.

(vi) a. Exit

b. Open

c. New

(vii) Drawing sheet : It is a space given for making pictures in the paint window.

(viii) We use eraser tool to erase the picture made on the drawing sheet.

Let's do and learn

1. Open a new file in the paint.

2. Make a beautiful picture.

3. Fill colours in the picture.

4. After completing the picture save it by a giving it a name.

5. Close the file.

6. Open the file and see your picture.

82
 6

Word Processing

We will learn in this lesson

 To open and close any type of Word processor
 Detailed knowledge of Word screen
 To type text
 To edit the text
 Formating of text
 To save the text and create a file or a document
 To close the file
 To open the existing files

When we have to send a message of any type to our friends or relatives, we write it on paper with
pen and send it. When you have to send an application for a job, you attach your Bio-Data with this
and you want to keep its copy with you, we get it typed. What if you make a mistake in the typed
application or you want to add some additional information about you? How would you do it? To
correct the mistake you apply white fluid and write over it. May be you add additional information
with hand or get it typed. Doing all this will take a lot of time and it will not look good either.
If we take the help of computer, all this work can be done in a very easy way and in less time. This
process is called 'Word Processing' and the software which is used for it is called 'Word Processor'.

83
 6.1 What is Word Processing?

To type words (text), to edit the text, to decorate it and to correct grammatical mistakes and
spellings is called Word Processing.

Word Processing needs software which is called 'Word Processor'. Some of the main Word Processors
are Word, Notepad, Wordpad etc.
In this chapter we will discuss about Word (Microsoft Word 2007).

6.2 To open the Word

First of all we have to open the computer in a right way. By doing this Window desktop (picture
6.1) will be visible.

Fig. 6.1

84
 Fig. 6.2

At the bottom of the desktop on the left side , there is start-menu button. On clicking this button
'All Programs' options are seen. Click on the Microsoft Office Microsoft word 2007 option.

By doing this Word window (Picture 6.3) will open. Let's learn about it.

Fig. 6.3

85
There is a bar on the topmost part of Word window. This is called Title Bar and shows the name of
software and name of file after saving it. There is a button on its left side which is called Office
button. By clicking on it Pop-up menu is seen (picture 6.4). It is used to make a new file, to open an
existing file, to save and print a file. There is a bar on the right side of this button which is called
Quick Access Toolbar. It has mainly three buttons- Save,Undo and Redo.Save button helps to save
the file, Undo to erase or delete the typed work and Redo to get back the erased work respectively.

Fig. 6.4

There are three buttons on the right side of Title bar . They are used to make the
window size to big or small or to close the window.

There is a Tool bar below the Title bar. Right under it there is another bar called the ribbon (picture
6.3). All actions in word are taken through it. There are a number of picture tabs on the ribbon like
Home, Insert etc. Each tab has groups and sub-groups. By selecting any one of the tabs, its sub
group is shown under it through which all options in the sub group can be used. The Quick Access
Toolbar (having save, undo and redo buttons) normally seen on the left side of the office button can
be placed under the ribbon as well. It helps to take fast actions.

86
There is a ruler given below the subgroups. (Picture 6.3) The typing area is below this. This is an
area where we can type our matter. There is a ruler on the left side and scroll bar on the right side of
the typing (text) area. There is also one scroll bar at the bottom of the typing (text) area which helps
us to move the text area screen on the left or right side. There is a straight line which always blinks
to write on the text area, this is called insertion point or cursor. The matter can be typed in the
typingonly at the insertion point or where the cursor is.

Let's see, what you have learnt 6.1

I. Mark the statements as right () or wrong ():

(i) Start button the desktop is usually at the centre of the top. ( )

(ii) Microsoft Word program can be opened with the help of start button. ( )

(iii) The steps followed to open the Word program with the help of start button are:

Start All Programs Microsoft Word Microsoft Office. ( )

II. Fill in the blanks:

(i) Software is needed for Word Processing which is called ................. processor.

(ii) To open a Word Program the activities in sequence are:

Start All Programs Microsoft Office .................. word.

(iii) Home, Insert, Page Layout etc. are examples of ....................

(iv) Quick Access Toolbar has mainly Save, ................. and Redo buttons.

III. Answer the questions:

(i) What is typing area?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
(ii) What is quick access toolbar?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
(iii) What is title bar?
________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

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 6.3 Making a document

Text material developed through word processor is called word file or word document or only a
document. We can use any one of the two - file or document.
Let's make a document which will have the following text:
"India is my country. I am proud to be an Indian."

6.3.1 To type the text

Type the required text in the window shown in the picture. If you have some knowledge of typing
then you will not face any difficulty, otherwise press the required keys on the keyboard. For blank
space press the spacebar key. Whatever you type it will start from the insertion point.

Fig. 6.5

We have to take care of one important thing while typing the text. We don't have to press the 'enter'
or 'return' key until we need to change the paragraph. Text will come on the next line automatically.
It is called Word Wrapping. (Picture 6.13)

88
 6.3.2 To save the document

File can be saved into the computer permanently by saving. It can be saved in a disk or a folder. For
saving a file, take care of following two important things:

1. Name of a document file

2. Place of a document file (folder)

Now you want to save the above document file, whose current name at present is document-1. For
this, click on the office button on the screen and click on the save option (picture 6.4). On doing
this, a 'Save As' dialog box (Picture 6.6) appears on the screen.

Fig. 6.6

In 'Save As' dialog box the default folder 'My Documents' is seen on the top. If you want to save
your file in any other location /folder then the name of that location/folder should appear at this
place.
If you don't have any folder created earlier, then click on the right button of the mouse at the empty
place where other files and folders are placed, a box will appear with different options. Click on the
'new' option, then click on the folder (picture 6.7). A new folder will be created at the end and a line
(cursor) will blink. (Picture 6.7)

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 Fig. 6.7

Give it a name like - 'My Folder' and press the 'enter key'. Here 'enter key' is used to make computer
understand that folder name has been completed. 'My Folder' is selected and open button is activated
at the bottom. (picture 6.8)
Press the enter 'key' or click on the open button with the help of a mouse, a 'save as' dialogue box
will appear like picture 6.9, here save button will be shown at the place of open button.

Fig. 6.8

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Now some part of the typed text will come at the place of file name. We erase it and a desired name
like - 'India is my country' is typed at that place. On pressing 'enter' key, the name of the Document-
1 in the title bar gets replaced with India is my country. (Picture 6.5)

Fig. 6.9

6.3.3 Text Editing and Formatting

To make our document file 'India is my country' more impressive and attractive we can edit and
format the text. Let's do it.
Before doing editing or formatting on text we need to know on which text we want to do it and have
to choose that text. This procedure is called selection.

6.3.4 To select the text

Take the mouse cursor to the starting of the text which has to be selected and press the left button of
the mouse and drag towards right up to where the text has to be selected. Leave the mouse button.
Or we can fix the cursor by clicking mouse before the text and by keeping the shift key pressed,

91
press the right arrow key until the selection is completed. For example in picture 6.10, 'my country'
has been selected.

Fig. 6.10

6.3.5 To edit text

Now we will know about the general techniques of editing like to erase, cut, and insert text, to
change the place of text and to copy text.

To insert text

In the file 'India is my country' we want to insert a sentence 'I am an Indian' in between two sentences.
For this we will fix the mouse cursor at the place where new sentence is to be inserted. Insertion
point will come here. Now, we can type 'I am an Indian'. (Picture 6.11)

Fig. 6.11
To delete text

Fix the cursor at the place in the text which is to be deleted. On pressing the 'backspace key' letters
on the left side of the cursor will be deleted. On pressing the 'delete key' letters on the right side will
be deleted.

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To erase the word/sentence/paragraph

Select the text which is to be erased and press the 'delete key'. The selected text will get erased.

To move the text

Select the text in the document 'India is my country'that has to be moved. If we want to move 'Iam
an Indian' to the end of the sentence then we will select it. As you select the text, you will find that
'Cut' and 'Copy' options in the Home tab which were not active before get activated after selection.
When you click on cut option, selected part of the text will get erased from that place. Now take the
cursor to the point where you want the cut portion to be placed. Click on the 'Paste' option. The
sentence which has been cut will be pasted here. (Picture 6.12)

Fig. 6.12

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To copy text

With this we can move the text at another place while keeping it at its original place as well. This
procedure is called copying.
In the file 'India is my country', if we want to copy the text of three sentences again at the end, we
will select the three sentences and will click the Copy command in the Home tab. Move the cursor
at the end of the text and click on the Paste command in Home tab. All the three sentences will be
copied at the end of the text also. We can paste it once again. Now our file has total nine sentences.
(Picture 6.13)

Fig. 6.13

The short cuts for doing cut, copy and paste are -
To cut: Select text, Press Ctrl + X buttons on keyboard
To copy: Select text, Press Ctrl + C buttons on keyboard
To paste: Take cursor to the desired point with the help of the mouse, press Ctrl + V buttons on the
keyboard.
* Ctrl means Control key of the keyboard.

6.3.6 To change the font of text/or to change the settings

How can we correct the typed text, we will learn from the 'Home' tab Font group. For example, we
select the word 'from our file. By clicking button at the bottom of right side in Font group, a font
dialog box is seen. Now we can choose options according to our choice. All this is visible in the
preview window of dialog box. Alongwith this, if we want, we can also change the colour of font,
add effects, or cut with single line or double line, use super-script and sub-script options (picture
6.14).

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 Fig. 6.14

After deciding all things click on the 'OK' button which is active, the text will change as desired
(Picture 6.15).

Fig. 6.15

If we want to use different formating options on different texts then we can use the B, I, U options
as shown in the above picture.

95
 Let's see, what you have learnt 6.2

I. Mark the statements as True or False:

(i) Cut option is not there in the Insert tab. ( True/False)

(ii) Group-tab option has no structure. ( True/false)

(iii) Text colour cannot be changed through font dialog box. (True/False)

II. Fill in the blanks:

(i) With the help of CTRL+ ....................... and CTRL+V text can move from one
place to other.

(ii) Delete key deletes .................. side and backspace key deletes ................ side letter.

III. Answer the following questions:

(i) What is the use of font dialog box in the text formating?

(ii) For what the keyboard shortcuts CTRL+X and CRTL+C are used?

6.4 To close a file

It is necessary to close a document file after working on it. For this we will click on the office
button. Click on the close option as shown in picture 6.4. A dialog box will appear on screen as
shown in picture 6.16. Here you will click on 'enter key' or 'yes' button.

Fig. 6.16

The file will get closed and a new blank word window will appear as shown in picture 6.3. Here we
can make a new file or can open an already made file to work more on it.

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 6.5 To make a new file

To make a new file, click on the 'new' option as shown in the picture 6.4. The following screen
(picture 6.17) will appear.

Fig. 6.17

Now press the 'Return key' or click on the Create button. A new window (as shown in picture 6.3)
will open and you can make your document.

6.6 To open a file

To open an already created file, click on the 'open' button as shown in picture 6.4. An open dialog
box will appear.

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 Fig. 6.18

Go to the file which you want to open or go to that folder which has the desired file and open it
(Picture 6.19). Select the file and click on it. The required file will open.

Fig. 6.19

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 6.7 To close word program

Procedure to close a word program is called to quit or to exit. When you don't need to work on word
processing then it is necessary to close the word file. For this we will click on the close button
(picture 6.3) on the upper right side of the word screen. It will get closed. Otherwise click on the
office button (picture 6.4). It has New, Open, Save etc. options on the right side and exit option is
given in the last. Word file will close by clicking on it.

Let's Revise

 Word Processor: Software which is used to type text, edit it, to format and decorate
the text.

 Start button: A button at the bottom left of the desktop through which we can reach at
different locations of computer.

 Title bar: A bar at the top of word screen on which document name is written.

 Toolbar: A bar below the title bar which has different tabs like Home tab, Insert tab etc.

 Ruler: Ruler is on the top and on the left side of text area. This is used to set the width
of a page and left and right margins of a page.

 Scroll bar: This is used to move text area up and down and left and right. This is at the
bottom and right side of text area.

 Insertion point/Cursor: A blinking straight line on the text area where the text is written.

 Word document: A text which is written through word processor is called word file or
word document.

 To select text: Take the mouse cursor to the start of text which has to be selected and
press the left button of a mouse and drag it towards right till the point the text has to be
selected.

 Keyboard shortcuts to cut, copy and paste are:

Cut - (CTRL +X)

Copy - (CTRL+C)

Paste - (CTRL+V)

 CTRL means control key which is at the bottom left corner of the keyboard.

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 Exercise

I. Mark the statements asTrue or False:

(i) Text cannot be bold and italic at the same time. (True/False)

(ii) We can move the text from one place to another place through copy and paste
commands. (True/False)

(iii) Generally title bar is at the bottom side of window. (True/False)

(iv) Office button is used to open and close a file. (True/False)

(v) Font group is in home tab. (True/False)

(vi) Office button is on the top left side of a window. (True/False)

II. Fill in blanks:

(i) Delete key erases the letters on the .................. side.

(ii) We can use close button or ......................... button to close a file.

(iii) By clicking on the start button we come into the ....................... menu.

(iv) ........................ is a popular word processing program.

III. Mark the correct statement:

(i) Which of the following tasks cannot be performed through office button?

a. Open b. Copy

c. Close d. Save

(ii) What will you do to make the text bold and italic?

a. B and I b. I and U

c. B and U d. B, I and U

(iii) Which one of the following is the right sequence?

a. Tab Group Option

b. Group Option Tab

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 c. Option Tab Group

d. Tab Option Group

(iv) Which one of the following will be used to move the selected text from one place
to another?

a. (CTRL+X) and (CTRL+V)

b. (CTRL+X) + (CTRL+V)

c. (CTRL+C) + (CTRL+V)

d. (CTRL+X) + (CTRL+C)

(v) Which one of the following is right sequence to open word program?

a. Start button Microsoft Word 2007 Microsoft Office All Program

b. Start button All Program Microsoft Word 2007 Microsoft Office

c. Start button All Program Microsoft Office Microsoft Word 2007

d. All Program Microsoft Office Microsoft Word 2007 Start Button

IV. Answer the questions:

(i) What do you understand from Word Processing?

________________________________________________________________

(ii) How do you open Word Program?

________________________________________________________________

(iii) What is the procedure to save a file?

________________________________________________________________

(iv) Explain the task of font group in home tab.

________________________________________________________________

V. Give the difference between the following:

(i) Delete key and backspace key.

________________________________________________________________

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 (ii) To close word file and word program.

________________________________________________________________

(iii) To copy text and move text.

________________________________________________________________

VI. Write about the following:

(i) Office button

________________________________________________________________

(ii) Ribbon

________________________________________________________________

(iii) To open an already created file

________________________________________________________________

(iv) Insertion point/Cursor

________________________________________________________________

ANSWERS
Let's see, what you have learnt
6.1

I. (i) False

(ii) True

(iii) False

II. (i) Word (ii) Microsoft

(iii) Tabs (iv) Undo

III. (i) In the word screen text is typed below the groups/ruler that area is called typing area.
(ii) Quick access tool bar is a bar at the right side of the office button which have mainly
save, undo and redo options.
(iii) The bar at the top of word screen which has a name and type of file is called title bar.

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6.2

I. (i) True

(ii) False

(iii) False

II. (i) X

(ii) Right, Left

III. (i) Font face /style / size, or to make font bold/italic/underline, or to change the colour of
font etc. can be done with the help of font dialog box.

(ii) Selected text is erased with the help of CTRL+X and text is copied with the help of
CTRL+C.

Exercise
I. (i) False (ii) False

(iii) False (iv) True

(v) True (vi) True

II. (i) Right (ii) Office Exit

(iii) Start (iv) Microsoft Word

III. (i) b (ii) c

(iii) a (iv) b

(v) c

IV. (i) Typing, editing and formatting of any type of text is called word processing.

(ii) Open the word program in a following way:

Start button All programs Microsoft Office Microsoft Word 2007

(iii) 1. Click on the file menu of word processor.

2. Now click on save ‘button’.

3. Save as dialog box will be shown on screen, type the name of file on it.

4. Now click on save button.

5. Now file has been saved and protected.

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 (iv) By clicking on the font group of home tab, a dialog box will appear on screen. Font, font
style, font size and preview option will be seen in this dialog box. Now you can use
these options to make the font size big or small. Text colour and style can be changed.

V. (i) Delete 'key' deletes the letters at right side. By pressing the backspace 'key' letter at the
left side will be deleted.

(ii) Closing a word file will only close the file that has been opened but word software will
not be closed.
Closing a word program will close all the files that have been opened and will also close
the word software program.

(iii) Copying text means text will remain at its place and also its one copy will move into
computer's memory. This text can also be pasted anywhere in the document. To move
the text means select the text and cut it. This text will be removed from its actual place.
Now this text will come at the place in the document wherever we paste it.

VI. (i) There is a button on the top left side of word screen which is used to create a new file,
open an already saved file, save, print, close etc.

(ii) There is a bar at the bottom of title bar on word screen which has text, groups/sub-
groups and different options.

(iii) Open the word program, click on office button Open and select required file.

(iv) Text screen /typing area where mouse cursor blinks. Whatever is typed will be shown
here.

Let's do and learn

1. Make the folder of your name on desktop.

2. Make a document about your description with the help of word processor which should have
following text about you:

Your name:

Your age:

Father's name:

Mother's name:

Address:

Save this document in the folder of your name as a name (Bio-Data). Close the file.

104
3. Open the description file and do following activities on that file and save the file as a name
(Bio-Data 1)

(i) Make the name bold

(ii) Make the age italic

(iii) Change the colour of father's name as blue

(iv) Underline mother's name

(v) Decrease the font size of address

4. Move the address in between the age and father's name in Bio-Data1 and save it as a name
Bio-Data 2.

105
 Assessment Sheet 3
(Lesson 5 - 6)

I. Fill in the blanks with the correct option:

(i) ............................... tool is used to make rectangular and square shapes.

(ii) ............................... tool is used to choose the color of picture which has already been
made on drawing sheet.

(iii) A straight line blinks on the text area to write on it, which is called ............................

(iv) By pressing the 'backspace key'........................... side letter of insertion point/cursor

will get erased.

(v) Font group is in ......................... tab.

(vi) New option is given in ............................ menu.

II. Name the following pictures:

(i) ..........................................

(ii) ..........................................

(iii) ..........................................

(iv) ..........................................

(v) ..........................................

III. Answer in one word:

(i) A tool in paint window which has different options with the help of which it is very easy
to make a picture ....................................

(ii) A tool with the help of which it is very easy to make a circle ....................................

(iii) A software is needed for word processing, name that software ....................................

(iv) Write the 'short-cut key of keyboard for copying ....................................

106
 (v) A tool which is used to make polygon on drawing sheet ....................................

(vi) Write the 'short-cut key of keyboard for pasting ....................................

IV. Answer the following questions:

(i) What does eraser tool do?

____________________________________________________________________

(ii) What is word processing?

____________________________________________________________________

(iii) How the text is selected to edit it?

____________________________________________________________________

(iv) Which menu bar has undo option?

____________________________________________________________________

(v) Tell the difference between closing a word file and word program.

____________________________________________________________________

(vi) Tell the difference between rectangle tool and round rectangle tool.

____________________________________________________________________

Answer Key

I. (i) Rectangle

(ii) Pick color

(iii) Insertion point/cursor

(iv) Left

(v) Home

(vi) File

II. (i) Fill with color

(ii) Pick color

107
 (iii) Eraser tool

(iv) Pencil tool

(v) Zoom tool

III. (i) Tool box

(ii) Ellipse tool

(iii) Notepad/Word Pad/Microsoft Office

(iv) CTRL+C

(v) Polygon tool

(vi) CTRL+V

IV. (i) Eraser tool is used to erase the picture made on drawing sheet.

(ii) Typing of any type of text, editing and formating of that text is called word processing.

(iii) Take the mouse cursor to the start of text which has to be selected and press the left
button of a mouse and drag it towards right till the point the text has to be selected.

(iv) Edit menu bar has undo option in it.

(v) Closing a word file will only close the file that has been opened but word software will
not be closed.

Closing a word program will close all the files that have been opened and will also close
the word software program.

(vi) Rectangle tool: This tool is used for making rectangular and square shapes on drawing
sheet. But these shapes have corners.

Round Rectangle: This tool is used for making rectangular and square shapes on drawing
sheet. But these shapes have rounded corners.

108
 Level A
(Equivalent to class 3)

Sample Question Paper

Open Basic Education (Adult)

Annual Examination
Subject: Basic Computer Skills

Time: 2 hours Total Marks: 100

Own Description:

Name: ................................................................................................................................

Center/Village: ................................................................................................................................

Roll no: ................................................................................................................................

Subject: ................................................................................................................................

Date: ................................................................................................................................

I. Fill in the blanks: (15)

(i) The work which takes hours is done in ....................... through computer.

(ii) Computer ....................... has shape and size.

(iii) Computer always gives accurate .......................

(iv) ....................... computer is used in our country.

(v) Micro computer is ....................... among all.

(vi) CPU works as a ....................... of computer.

(vii) Data is stored in ....................... of computer.

(viii) ....................... computer is used to give information about weather.

(ix) In offices ....................... computer is used to work.

(x) ....................... and ....................... are used to send data through input units.

(xi) One kilobyte is equal to ....................... bytes.

109
 (xii) We can see ....................... on monitor.

(xiii) Large amount of ....................... can be stored in pen drive.

(xiv) First of all operating system checks which of the ....................... are connected with it.

(xv) ....................... is below the title bar.

II. Read and answer in one word: (15)

(i) What is a computer? .......................

(ii) Which computer is used in our country? .......................

(iii) Which computer is used to book railway and air tickets? .......................

(iv) Which is the main output device of a computer? .......................

(v) Which is the input device of a computer? .......................

(vi) Which device of computer has shape and size? .......................

(vii) The part of computer which we cannot touch, is called .......................

(viii) Which software controls the computer hardware and software? .......................

(ix) How many times s mouse is clicked to open any program? .......................

(x) Which device is used to print the typed text? .......................

(xi) Which tool is used to erase the pictures made on drawing sheet? .......................

(xii) What is to be clicked in the file menu to open a new file? .......................

(xiii) Where do you need to click to save? .......................

(xiv) What do we call that where files and sub files are saved? .......................

(xv) The tool which is used to fill colors. .......................

III. Mark the following sentences as right () or wrong () (10)

(i) Computer sometimes gives wrong results. ( )

(ii) We can play games on computer. ( )

(iii) Super computer is smallest in size. ( )

(iv) CPU is a part of an input device. ( )

(v) Arithmetic processing is done in CPU. ( )

(vi) There are possibilities of wear and tear in software. ( )

110
 (vii) We can print stored information through computer. ( )

(viii) Menu bar is below the title bar. ( )

(ix) Folder cannot store many files in it. ( )

(x) Text has to be selected before doing editing and formating on it. ( )

IV. Match the following pictures with their names: (5)

Picture Name

(i) CPU

(ii) Speaker

(iii) Keyboard

(iv) Monitor

(v) Mouse

V. For each of following questions, there are four options. Tick the correct option. (5)

(i) What is used to send data into computer?

a. CPU b. Monitor

c. Keyboard and mouse d. Speaker

111
 (ii) Which unit of computer has input data and information?

a. Control unit b. Input unit

c. Memory unit d. ALU

(iii) Which computer is used by weather department?

a. Super computer b. Mini computer

c. Mainframe computer d. Micro computer

(iv) What should be done before switching off a computer?

a. Switch off the UPS button

b. Switch off the CPU button

c. Switch off the monitor button

d. Click on the start button of windows and

then click on the shutdown button

(v) What should be pressed on computer to write in capital letters?

a. Function key b. Spacebar key

c. Caps lock key d. Letter key

VI. Write the answers of following questions: (10)

(i) How many types of computers are there? Name them.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

(ii) Write the steps to close word program.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

(iii) What is there on monitor?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

112
 (iv) What is control unit?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

(v) What is there in pen drive?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

VII. Match the sentences in column A with the sentences of column B. (5)

Column A Column B

(i) When we switch on computer system. a. Is called title bar.

(ii) Pictures on the desktop screen are b. Data is stored in it and read through it.

(iii) The bar at the top of file c. Data and information is stored in a large
amount for longer period of time.

(iv) DVD RW is a device d. First of all operating system is seen

(v) In secondary device e. Called icons.

VIII. See and name the following pictures: (10)

(i) (ii)

__________________ ___________________

(iii) (iv)

__________________ ___________________

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 (v) (vi)

__________________ ___________________

IX. Write about the following words how they work for computers. (10)

(i) Micro computer

(ii) Super computer

(iii) High level language

(iv) Computer file

(v) Hardware

X. Answer the following questions: (5x3=15)

(i) Which are the main parts of computer? Explain them.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

(ii) Write any three benefits of computer.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

(iii) What do you mean by storage devices? Write about any two storage devices.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

(iv) Which are the output devices?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

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 (v) What is the difference between data and information?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Answer key of sample paper

I. II.

(i) Seconds (i) An electronic machine

(ii) Hardware (ii) Digital

(iii) Results (iii) Mini Computer

(iv) Digital (iv) Monitor

(v) Small (v) Mouse and Keyboard

(vi) Heart and Brain (vi) Hardware

(vii) RAM and ROM (vii) Software

(viii) Super (viii) System

(ix) Mainframe (ix) Twice

(x) Keyboard and mouse (x) Scanner

(xi) 1024 (xi) Eraser tool

(xii) Results (xii) New

(xiii) Data (xiii) Save as

(xiv) Devices (xiv) Folder

(xv) Menu bar (xv) Fill color

III. (i)  (ii)  (iii) 

(iv)  (v)  (vi) 

(vii)  (viii)  (ix) 

(x) 

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IV. (i) Keyboard (ii) Mouse (iii) Monitor

(iv) Speaker (v) CPU

V. (i) c (ii) c (iii) a

(iv) d (v) c

VI. (i) a. Micro b. Mini

c. Mainframe d. Super

(ii) To close the word program click on the close button on the upper right side of word
screen or click on the office button and then click on the exit button at the bottom right
side.

(iii) Monitor is an output device of a computer. We can see data and results on its screen.

(iv) This unit controls the other units of computer and gives instructions to them.

(v) It is a small device in which large amount of data can be stored.

VII. (i) d (ii) e

(iii) a (iv) b

(v) c

VIII. (i) Hard disk (ii) Pen drive (iii) DVD RW

(iv) Printer (v) Trackball (vi) Speaker

IX. (i) Microcomputer is smallest in size like desktop, tablet, laptop etc.

(ii) Super computer is biggest in size. It gives the information about weather.

(iii) High level language is a simple and easy language which can be understood by common
people.

(iv) File is a collection of data and information which is stored in computer by giving it a
specific name.

(v) Hardware is that device which we can see and touch.

116