Canadian Journal on Electrical and Electronics Engineering Vol. 3, No.

5, May 2012

Direct Quadrate (D-Q) Modeling of 3-Phase Induction Motor Using

MatLab / Simulink
Sifat Shah, A. Rashid, MKL Bhatti

COMSATS Institute of Information and Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan

Abstract Simulink implementation of an induction

This paper addresses the impact of load machine model is described in step by step
modeling in particular induction motor. The
paper proposes a methodology that is based on
advanced modeling capabilities, represented by
dynamic modeling of induction motor. The Approach. With the modular system, each
objective is to analyze the dynamic block solves one of the model equations.
characteristics of loads. The paper describes the Because of
modeling approach using d-q analysis of
induction motor. This approach, all of the machine parameters
Key words: load modeling, d-q transformation, are assessable for control and verification
purposes.[2] As long as equations are known,
induction motor, torque, flux, speed
any drive or control algorithm can b modeled in
Introduction: Simulink. However, the equations by
In recent years the control of high-performance themselves are not always enough; some
induction motor drives for general industry experience with differential equation solving is
applications and area of production has required.
received a lot of research interests. Induction
machine modeling has a continuously attracted Induction Motor Model:
the attentions of researchers not only because The induction machine d-q are dynamic
such machines are made and used in larger equivalent circuit is shown in figure 1.
numbers i.e. (80% of all the loads), but also due D-q transformation:
to their varied modes of operation both under Direct Quadrature (d-q) transformation is a
steady state and dynamic state.[1] Load mathematical transformation used to simplify
characteristics have been known to have a the analysis of three phase circuit. In the case
sufficient effect on the system performance and of balanced three phase circuits, application of
transient stability. Because of the uncertainty of d-q transformation reduces the tree AC
the actual load characteristics, utilities use the quantities to 2 quantities. Simplified
dynamic models for accurate and precise result. calculations can then b carried out on these
Several efforts have been made to develop imaginary quantities before performing the
method for constructing improved load models. inverse transformation to recover the actual
One of the modes used for this paper three phase ac results.[3] The d-q
demonstrate the validity of a load modeling transformations applied to three phase voltages
process based on the components that make up are shown below.
the dynamic load model. The basic purpose of
using d-q model approach to control the motor
parameters independently i.e. torque and flux
of the induction motor. In this paper, a modular

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Canadian Journal on Electrical and Electronics Engineering Vol. 3, No. 5, May 2012

Stator

Rotor

Flux linkage equations:

Stator

Electromagnetic Torque:
Rotor

Where,

d:direct axis
Current equation:
q:quadrature axis
Stator
s:stator variable

r:rotor variable

: flux linkage

Rotor

Voltage Equations:

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Canadian Journal on Electrical and Electronics Engineering Vol. 3, No. 5, May 2012

The variety of Matlab functions and tool boxes

are present for processing and plotting of wave
forms from store data.

Induction Motor model in Matlab/Simulink:

A generalized dynamic model of the induction

motor consists of an electrical sub-model to
implement the three-axis to two-axis (3/2)
p:number of poles
transformation of stator voltage and current
: Electrical output torque calculation a torque sum-model to calculate the
developed electromagnetic torque (Tem), and
mechanical sub-model to yield the rotor speed
Description of Power System Block set:
(ω). Electrical sub-model of the induction
motor the three-axis to two-axis voltage
Matlab/Simulink is a systems simulator and
transformation to achieved using the following
unable to direct simulate electrical circuits.
equations.
Therefore for simulation of electric circuits
power system block set is used which is
incorporates libraries of electrical blocks and
analysis tools which are used to convert
electrical circuits into Simulink diagrams.[4]
The electrical blocks or electrical models such
as electrical machines ,current and voltage
sources, different electric elements , power
electronics switches , conductors and sensors
for measurement purpose. When the simulation
starts Simulink use the PM block set and
transfer the electrical circuit into a state space
representation with the initial conditions of
state variables.[5] The actual simulation starts
after this initial conversion. This allows the use
of wide variety of fixed step and variable step
algorithms available in Simulink. As variable
time step algorithms are faster than fixed time
step method because the number of steps are
less so these algorithms are used for small and
medium size systems, and for large systems
containing a more number of stages and/or
power switches, a fixed time step algorithm is
used. A Simulink scope can b used to display
the simulation results or these results can be
send to workspace during the simulation.

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Canadian Journal on Electrical and Electronics Engineering Vol. 3, No. 5, May 2012

Where Va ,Vb and Vc are three-phase stator

voltages, while Vsd and Vsq are the two-axis
components of the stator voltage vector.[6]
Fig shows torque sub-model of induction motor
in the two-axis stator reference frame, the
electromagnetic Tem is given by Simulation and results:
The induction motor chosen for the simulation
studies has the following parameters:

Also mechanical sub-model of induction motor

from the torque balance equations and
neglecting viscous friction, the rotor speed is
also shown in the above figure [7]
P=4
The generalized load model of induction motor
made in Matlab/Simulink is given below:

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Stator voltages in q axis “Vs_q”

Stator flux in d axis “λs_d”

Stator flux in q axis “λs_q”

The simulation results are as follows in the form of

Rotor flux in d axis “λr_d”
graph:

Rotor flux in q axis “λr_d”

Stator voltages in d axis “Vs_d”

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Stator phase current “Ia” Rotor phase current “IC”

Stator phase current “Ib” Load torque “Tload” and Electromagnetic

Torque”Tem”

Stator phase current “Ic”

synchronous angular “ωsyn” speed and rotor

angular speed “ωmech”

Rotor phase current “IA”

Rotor current in q axis “Ir_d”

Rotor phase current “IB”

Rotor current in q axis “Ir_q”

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Canadian Journal on Electrical and Electronics Engineering Vol. 3, No. 5, May 2012

[3] Mohammad H. Moradi, Pouria G.

Khorasani; Anew Matlab Simulation of
Induction Motor.

[4] SHINJI SHINNAKA: New Mathematical

Models of an Induction motor using a
Stator current in d axis “Is_d” minimum number of parameters.

[5] K.L.SHI,T.F.CHAN,Y.K.WONG and

S.L.HO: Modelin and simulation of three phase
induction motor using Simulink/Matlab.

[6] Wen Zing Adeline Chan; Power System

Stator current in q axis “Is_q” Load Modeling

Conclusions: [7] Burak Ozpinecil: Simulink implementation

In this paper, implementation of modular of induction machine model – A modular
Simulink model for induction machine approach.
simulation has been introduced. Unlike most
other induction machine model
implementations, with this model, the user has
asses to all the internal variables for getting an
insight into the machine operation. Any
machine control algorithm can be simulated in
the Simulink environment with this model
without actually using estimators. Individual
parameter equations are solved in each block.
Finally, the operation of the model is to
simulate dynamic model of induction motor
with torque and flux as independent quantities.
The author believes that the Simulink will soon
become an indispensable tool for the teaching
and research of electrical machine drives.

References:
[1] Jakub kepka:load modeling of power
system

[2] P.Pillay, Senior Member, IEEE, and

V.Levin: Mathematical model of Induction
motor
.

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