Basic of Laptop:: LCD Screen

Basic of Laptop:
1. LCD Screen: Standard screen that is the display for your laptop. They come in various sizes,
with 14.1” and 15.4” being common sizes.
2. Keyboard: Standard keyboard for typing information.
3. Built-in Mouse: There are two versions of this standard.
4. Touch Pad Mouse: The square pad below the keyboard on your laptop. The touch of your
finger on this pad moves the mouse on the computer. The two smaller rectangles below
the square pad are the left and right click buttons.
5. Button Mouse: The small circular button in the middle of the keyboard (between the G, H,
and B keys). The touch of your finger on this button moves the mouse.
6. Activity lights: These lights tell you information about your laptop such as hard drive activity,
AC power, and if your 802.11 wireless internet card is enabled.
7. Power button: The circular button located above the keyboard on the far right that contains a
picture of a circle with a vertical bar. This button starts up and shuts down your laptop by
pressing it. If you are unable to shut down your laptop properly, you can press and hold
this key for 10 seconds and your laptop will shut down.
8. DVD/CD-ROM drive: This is located on the side of your laptop. Pressing the small button will
open and close the door so that you can insert CD’s and DVD’s to be used.
9. USB Port/Ports: This port or ports are located on the side of your laptop near the hinge. They
are used to connect USB media such as a flash drive, USB mouse, digital camera, or web
camera. (.)
10. PCI card ports: These ports are located on the side of your laptop, near the front. With them,
you can use PCI accessories such as Wireless Internet Cards and PCI Fire wire ports.
11. Secure lock port: This port is located on the side of your laptop, near the hinge. This is a port
you can use to lock your laptop to a table or desk to prevent theft.
12. Network port: This is located on the back of your laptop on the far left. You plug your
network cable into this port when not using wireless.
13. VGA port: This is located on the back of your laptop in the middle and is always blue. It is
used to connect to projectors and other screens.
14. AC Power input: This is located on the back of your laptop next to the blue VGA port. It allows
you to use AC power instead of battery power.
15. CPU Cooling Fan: This is located on the back of your laptop next to the AC Power Input. It is
where your computer vents out the hot air produced by the CPU
Block Diagram Of Laptop:
Construction & Working of Touchpad and Touch Screen:
Touchpad:
A touch pad is a device for pointing (controlling input positioning) on a

computer display screen. It is an alternative to the mouse. Originally
incorporated in laptop computers, touch pads are also being made for use
with desktop computers. A touch pad works by sensing the user's finger
movement and downward pressure.
Construction: Touchpads operate in one of several ways, including capacitive

sensing and resistive touch screen. The most common technology used in the 2010s senses the
change of capacitance where a finger touches the pad. Capacitance-based touchpad’s will not
sense the tip of a pencil or other similar ungrounded or non-conducting implement. Fingers insulated
by a glove may also be problematic. Some touchpad and associated device driver software may
interpret tapping the pad as a mouse click, and a tap followed by a continuous pointing motion can
indicate dragging. Tactile touchpad’s allow for clicking and dragging by incorporating button
functionality into the surface of the touchpad itself. To select, one presses down on the touchpad
instead of a physical button.
Working of Touchpad: A touchpad, sometimes referred to as a track pad, is a common feature

on laptops. It is also included on many electronics, such as PDAs, handheld consoles, and
portable media players. On most desktops, the mouse is the primary pointing device, but most
laptops use a touchpad instead. Its surface tracks the motions and pressure of a finger and
correlates it to the position on-screen.
Touch screen: A
touch screen is a computer display screen that is also an input
device. The screens are sensitive to pressure; a user interacts with the
computer by touching pictures or words on the screen.
Construction: A touchscreen, or touch screen, is an input device and normally layered on the
top of an electronic visual display of an information processing system. A user can give input or
control the information processing system through simple or multi-touch gestures by touching the
screen with a special stylus or one or more fingers. Some touch screens use ordinary or specially
coated gloves to work while others may only work using a special stylus or pen. The user can use
the touchscreen to react to what is displayed and, if the software allows, to control how it is
displayed; for example, zooming to increase the text size.
Working: Unlike resistive touch screens, capacitive screens do not use the pressure of your
finger to create a change in the flow of electricity. Instead, they work with anything that holds an
electrical charge – including human skin.
Power Option For Laptop:

1. Press Win + X (hold down the Windows key and press X) to open the Power User
Tasks Menu.
2. Select Power Options (or press O).
How to use Windows Power Options
 Balanced (Recommended) will conserve power whenever you are idle, and use more
power only when you need faster performance.
 High Performance will use more power, but give you the maximum performance from
your computer.
 To fine-tune your power plans and choose from additional options, click Change Plan
Settings.
When you are done, click OK.
Laptop Battery:
Lithium-ion battery
These batteries use lithium for the negative electrode and offer high energy
density and the ability to undergo repeated charge cycles.
Lithium-ion-polymer battery
Similar to a lithium-ion battery, a lithium-ion-polymer battery uses a
conductive plastic and is more malleable than traditional lithium-ion
batteries. Lithium-ion polymer can be moulded into different shapes, which
can be critically important to the makers of small devices, such as mobile
phones.
Nickel-cadmium battery
Also known as NiCd, this is the original battery technology used in
notebooks. In using cadmium as the negative electrode, these batteries
have a relatively low energy density and suffer from memory effects.
Nickel-metal-hydride battery
By removing the cadmium and using nickel hydride instead, these batteries
are made to hold more energy, but they can't be recharged more than a
few hundred times. They are generally referred to as NiMH.
Display Panel: Every display panel is made up of a series of dots called pixels, and
the more pixels you have, the more detail you can fit on-screen. Most laptops come
with low-resolution, 1366 x 768 screens that show far less content than high-
resolution panels with at least 1920 x 1080 pixels.
Comparison between Laptop & Desktop:
Desktop Laptop
A laptop is a compact version

Definition A desktop is a personal
of a desktop.
computer that is stationed at
a fixed location.
Size Comparatively large Comparatively small
Powered by Internal
No Yes
Battery
Repairing cost Low High
Use at Desk Lap, desk, anywhere (mobile)
Powers and features Generally more Generally less
Cost Generally less expensive Generally more expensive
Upgradation Easy Difficult
4.5 to 8 lbs
A classic desktop including
Weight monitor and keyboard
Ultralight models weigh under
weights around 25 lbs.
3 lbs
Hardware (for the

More powerful Less powerful
same money)
Produce heat Comparatively less Comparatively more
Graphic adapter More powerful Less powerful
Number of ports More Less (Limited)

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Basic of Laptop:

Construction & Working of Touchpad and Touch Screen:

A touch pad is a device for pointing (controlling input positioning) on a

Construction: Touchpads operate in one of several ways, including capacitive

Working of Touchpad: A touchpad, sometimes referred to as a track pad, is a common feature

Power Option For Laptop:

Comparison between Laptop & Desktop:

A laptop is a compact version

Size Comparatively large Comparatively small

Repairing cost Low High

Use at Desk Lap, desk, anywhere (mobile)

Powers and features Generally more Generally less

Cost Generally less expensive Generally more expensive

Upgradation Easy Difficult

Hardware (for the

Produce heat Comparatively less Comparatively more

Graphic adapter More powerful Less powerful

Number of ports More Less (Limited)

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