UNIVERSITY OF LUCKNOW

SYLLABUS OF STATISTICS
B.A. Part- I
( For the Examination of 2009 and onwards)

Paper – I : Probability & Probability Distribution

UNIT – I
Random experiment, trial, sample point and sample space, events, operations of events,
concepts of equally likely, mutually exclusive and exhaustive events.
Definition of probability : Classical, relative frequency and axiomatic approaches. Discrete
probability space, properties of probability under set theoretic approach Independence of
events, Conditional probability, total and compound probability theorems, Bayes theorem and
its applications.
Random variables – discrete and continuous, probability mass function (pmf) and probability
density function (pdf), Cumulative distribution function (cdf).
UNIT – II
Joint distribution of two random variables, marginal and conditional distributions,
Independence of random variables. Expectation of a random variable (rv) and its properties.,
expectation of sum of random variables and product of independent random variables,
conditional expectation. Moments, moment generating function (m.g.f.) & their properties,
continuity theorem for m.g.f. (without proof).Chebyshev’s inequality. Weak law of large
numbers and Central Limit Theorem for a sequence of independently and identically
distributed random variables and their applications.
UNIT – III
Univariate distributions: Binomial, Poisson, Hypergeometric, Geometric and Negative
Binomial. Uniform (discrete & continuous), Normal, Exponential, Gamma, Beta
distributions. Cauchy, Laplace, Pareto, Weibull, Log normal Distributions. Normal and
Poisson distributions as limiting case of binomial distribution.
UNIT – IV
Distributions of function of random variables: Distribution of sum, product and quotient of
two variables. Reproductive property of standard distributions. χ2(chi-square), t and F
distributions ( Central cases only) and their limiting forms. Bivariate normal distribution and
its properties.

REFERENCE:
1. Parzen, E.S. : Modern Probability Theory and its Applications.
2. Meyer, P. : Introductory Probability and Statistical Applications.
3. Stirzekar David (1994) : Elementry Probabilityu, Cambridge University Press.
4. Mood A.M., Graybill F.A. and Boes D.C. (1974) : Introduction to the theory of
Statistics, McGraw Hill.
Paper – II : Statistical Methods and Numerical Analysis
UNIT-I
Concept of statistical population, Attributes and variables (discrete and Continuous).
Different types of scales – nominal, ordinal, ratio and interval. Primary data – designing a
questionnaire and schedule, collection of primary data, checking their consistency. Secondary
data; scrutiny of data for internal consistency and detection of errors of recording. Ideas of
cross validation. Presentation of data; classification, tabulation, diagrammatic & graphical
representation of grouped data. Frequency distributions, cumulative frequency distributions
and their graphical representations, histogram, frequency polygon and ogives. Stem and Leaf
Plot. Box Plot. Measure of central tendency and dispersion, merits and demerits of these
measures. Moments and factorial moments. Shephard’s correction for moments. Skewness
and Kurtosis and their measures. Measures based on quartiles.
UNIT-II
Bivariate data, Method of least squares for curve fitting.Correlation and regression, rank
correlation (Spearman’s and Kendall’s measure). Intra-class correlation, correlation ratio.
Partial and Multiple Correlation & Multiple Regression for Tri-variate data.
UNIT – III
Attributes- Notion and terminology, contingency table, class frequencies, and ultimate class
frequencies, consistency. Association of attributes, Independence, Measure of association for
2x2 table. Chi-square, Karl Pearson’s and Tschuprow’s coefficient of association.
Contingency tables with ordered categories.
UNIT – IV
Calculus of finite differences, operators, separation of symbols, examples and problems.
Interpolation formulae with remainder term. Newton’s forward and backward formulae.
Central difference formulae. Newton’s divided difference formulae for interpolation.
Lagrange’s interpolation formulae. Numerical Integration: Derivation of general quadrature
formula for equidistant ordinates. Derivation of trapezoidal, Simpson’s 1\3rd and 3\8th rules.
Weddle’s rule. Real roots of numerical equation by method of iteration.
REFERENCES
1. Parzen, E.S. : Modern Probability Theory and Its Applications.
2. Meyer, P.: Introductory Probability and Statistical Applications.
3. Freeman : Finite Differences.
4. Scarborough: Numerical Analysis.
5. S.S. Sastry : Introductory Methods of Numerical Analysis; Prentice Hall of India Pvt.
Limited.
6. Jain, M.K., Iyengar, SRK and Jain R.K.: Numerical Methods For Scientific And
Engineering Computations; NEW AGE International (P) Limited.
7. Goon,Gupta & Dasgupta: Fundamentals of statistics. Vol. I. The world press Private
Ltd., Calcutta.
8. Yule, G.U. and Kendall, M.G.: An Introduction to the theory of statistics. Charles Griffin
& Company Ltd.
9. C. E. Weatherburn: Mathematical Statistics.
PRACTICAL
The practical examination will be based on papers I and II and will cover the following
experiments.
List of Practical Experiments
1. Graphical representation of data by Histogram, Frequency polygons, frequency curves
and Ogives, stem & Leaf Plot, Box Plot.
2. Calculation of measures of location.
3. Calculation of measures of dispersion.
4. Calculation of moments, measures of skewness and measures of Kurtosis.
5. Fitting of curves by method of least squares.
6. Determination of regression lines and calculation of correlation coefficient – grouped
and ungrouped data.
7. Calculation of correlation ratios, rank and intra -class correlation coefficients.
8. Calculation of multiple and partial correlation coefficients for three variables
9. Construction of Index numbers.
10. Calculation of measures of association in contingency tables.
11. Construction of forward difference tables and divided difference tables.
12. Interpolation by Newton’s forward difference formula for equal intervals and
calculation of error.
13. Interpolation by Newton’s divided difference formula for unequal intervals.
Calculation of error.
14. Interpolation by Lagrange’s formula for unequal intervals. Calculation of error.
15. Approximate integration (Trapezoidal rule, Simpson’s one-third rules, simpson’s
three-eighth rule), Weddle’s rule.
16. Real roots of numerical equation by method of iteration.
And
Other practicals based on Paper I & Paper II.
 B.A. Part- II
(For the year 2010 and onwards)
Paper I : Statistical Inference & Analysis of variance
UNIT – I
Point estimation. Characteristics of a good estimator: Unbiasedness, consistency, sufficiency
and efficiency. Method of maximum likelihood and Properties of maximum likelihood
estimators (without proof). Method of minimum Chi-square. Method of Least squares and
method of moments for estimation of parameters. Problems and examples.
UNIT – II
Sufficient Statistics. Cramer-Rao inequality and its use in finding MVU estimators.Statistical
Hypotheses (simple and composite). Testing of hypotheses. Type I and Type II errors,
significance level, p-values, power of a test. Definitions of Most Powerful (MP), Uniformly
Most Powerful (UMP) and Uniformly Most Powerful Unbiased (UMPU) tests.
UNIT – III
Neyman-Pearson’s lemma and its applications for finding most powerful tests for simple
hypothesis against simple alternative. Tests based on t, F and χ2 distributions. Likelihood
ratio tests and their reduction to standard tests. Large sample tests, variance – stabilizing
transformations. Interval estimation, Pivotal quantity and its use in finding confidence
intervals, concept of best confidence intervals.
UNIT-IV
Analysis of Variance. One way classification. Assumptions regarding model. Two way
classification with equal number of observations per cell. Duncan’s multiple comparison test.
Analysis of covariance.
REFERENCE
1. Hogg & Craig : Mathematical Statistics.
2. Mood, Graybill and Boes : Introduction to the theory of Statistics.
3. Goon, Gupta and Dasgupta : Fundamentals of Statistics Vol.1 & II
Paper II : Survey Sampling & Design of Experiments
UNIT – I
Sampling vs. complete enumeration : sampling units and frame. Precision and efficiency of
estimators. Simple Random sampling with and without replacement. Use of random number
tables in selection of simple random sample. Estimation of population mean and proportion.
Derivation of expression for variance of these estimators. Estimation of variances. Sample
size determination.
Stratified random sampling. Problem of allocation, proportional allocation, optimum
allocation. Derivation of the expressions for the standard errors of the usual estimators when
these allocations are used. Gain in precision due to stratification. Role of sampling cost in the
sample allocation. Minimization of variance for fixed cost. Systematic sampling: estimation
of population mean and population total, standard errors of these estimators.
UNIT-II
Regression and ratio methods of estimation in simple random sampling. Cluster sampling
with equal and unequal clusters. Estimators of population mean and their mean square error.
Double sampling in ratio method of estimation. Two-stage sampling with equal first stage
units : estimator of population mean and its variance. Multi-stage sampling with examples
(definition only). Non-sampling errors.
UNIT-III
Principles of Design of experiments: randomization, replication and local control. Choice of
size and type of a plot using uniformity trials. CRD, Randomized block design. Concept and
definition of efficiency of design. Comparison of efficiency between CRD and RBD. Latin
square Design : Lay-out, ANOVA table. Comparison of efficiencies between LSD and RBD;
LSD and CRD.
UNIT-IV
Missing plot technique ; estimation of missing plots by minimizing error sum of squares in
RBD and LSD with one or two missing observations. Factorial Experiments : general
description of factorial experiments; 22, 23 and 2n factorial experiments arranged in RBD and
LSD. Definition of main effects and interactions in 22 and 23 factorial experiments.
Preparation of ANOVA by Yates procedure. Estimates and tests for main and interaction
effects (Analysis without confounding).

REFERENCES
1. Cochran, W.G. : Sampling Techniques
2. Sukhatme, Sukhatme, Sukhatme & Asok : Sampling Theory of Surveys with
applications.
3. Murthy, M. N. : Sampling theory.
4. Cochran and Cox : Experimental Design
5. Kempthorne : Design of Experiments
6. Federer : Experimental Designs
7. Goon, Gupta and Dasgupta : Fundamentals of Statistics, Vol. II
PRACTICAL
The practical examination will be based on papers I and II will cover the following
experiments:
List of Practical Experiments
1. Fitting of Binomial, Poisson and Normal distributions to observed data and testing of
goodness of fit.
2. Testing of independence of attributes in m x n contingency table and calculation of
measures of association.
3. t – test for (i) m = m0 (ii) m1= m2 (iii) a= a0 (iv) b= b0 (v) r= 0 (vi) r12..3= 0
4. F-test for (i) s12= s22 (ii) r1.23= 0
5. Fisher’s Z-transformation and its use in testing (i) r1 = r2 (ii) r1 = r2= …=rk (iii) r =r0
6. Calculation of power curve for the test of m = m0 against m ¹ m0 for a normal distribution
with known variance.
7. Large sample tests.
8. Analysis of variance in one-way and two-way classification (with and without interaction
terms).
9. Analysis of a Latin square design.
10. Analysis of variance in RBD and LS design with one or two missing observations.
11. Drawing a simple random sample with the help of table of random numbers.
12. Estimation of population means and variance in simple random sampling.
13. Stratified random sampling for population mean (proportional and optimum allocation).
14. Ratio and regression estimation of population mean and total.
15. Factorial Experiment Practical.
And
Other practicals based on Paper I and Paper II.
 UNIVERSITY OF LUCKNOW
SYLLABUS OF STATISTICS
B.Sc. Part- I
( For the Examination of 2009 and onwards)

(In each class will be comprehensive based on units I to IV and will carry 40% marks.)

Paper – I : Probability
UNIT – I
Random experiment, trial, sample point and sample space, events, operations of events,
concepts of equally likely, mutually exclusive and exhaustive events.
Definition of probability : Classical, relative frequency and axiomatic approaches. Discrete
probability space, properties of probability under set theoretic approach. Independence of
events, Conditional probability, total and compound probability theorems, Bayes theorem and
its applications.
UNIT – II
Random variables – discrete and continuous, probability mass function (pmf) and probability
density function (pdf), Cumulative distribution function (cdf). Joint distribution of two
random variables, marginal and conditional distributions.
UNIT – III
Independence of random variables. Expectation of a random variable (rv) and its properties.,
expectation of sum of random variables and product of independent random variables,
conditional expectation.
UNIT – IV
Moments, moment generating function (m.g.f.) & their properties, continuity theorem for
m.g.f. (without proof).Chebyshev’s inequality. Weak law of large numbers and Central Limit
Theorem for a sequence of independently and identically distributed random variables and
their applications.

REFERENCE:
1. Parzen, E.S. : Modern Probability Theory and its Applications.
2. Meyer, P. : Introductory Probability and Statistical Applications.
3. Stirzekar David (1994) : Elementry Probabilityu, Cambridge University Press.
4. Mood A.M., Graybill F.A. and Boes D.C. (1974) : Introduction to the theory of
Statistics, McGraw Hill.
Paper – II : Probability distributions and Numerical Analysis
UNIT – I
Univariate distributions: Binomial, Poisson, Hypergeometric, Geometric and Negative
Binomial. Uniform (discrete & continuous), Normal, Exponential, Gamma, Beta
distributions. Cauchy, Laplace, Pareto, Weibull, Log normal Distributions. Normal and
Poisson distributions as limiting case of binomial distribution.
UNIT – II
Distributions of function of random variables: Distribution of sum, product and quotient of
two Variable. Reproductive property of standard distributions. χ2(chi-square), t and F
distributions ( Central cases only) and their limiting forms. Bivariate normal distribution and
its properties.
UNIT – III
Calculus of finite differences, operators, separation of symbols, examples and problems.
Interpolation formulas with remainder term. Newton’s forward and backward formulae.
Central difference formulae, Newton’s divided difference formulae for interpolation.
Lagrange’s interpolation formulae.
UNIT – IV
Numerical Integration: Derivation of general quadrature formula for equidistant ordinates.
Derivation of trapezoidal, Simpson’s 1\3rd and 3\8th rules. Weddle’s rule. Real roots of a
numerical equation by method of iteration.
REFERENCES
10. Parzen, E.S. : Modern Probability Theory and Its Applications.
11. Meyer, P.: Introductory Probability and Statistical Applications.
12. Freeman : Finite Differences.
13. Scarborough: Numerical Analysis.
14. S.S. Sastry : Introductory Methods of Numerical Analysis; Prentice Hall of India Pvt.
Limited.
15. Jain, M.K., Iyengar, SRK and Jain R.K.: Numerical Methods For Scientific And
Engineering Computations; NEW AGE International (P) Limited.

Paper III Statistical Methods:

UNIT-I
Concept of statistical population, Attributes and variables (discrete and Continuous).
Different types of scales – nominal, ordinal, ratio and interval. Primary data – designing a
questionnaire and schedule, collection of primary data, checking their consistency. Secondary
data. scrutiny of data for internal consistency and detection of errors of recording. Ideas of
cross validation. Presentation of data : classification, tabulation, diagrammatic & graphical
representation of grouped data. Frequency distributions, cumulative frequency distributions
and their graphical representations, histogram, frequency polygon and ogives. Stem and Leaf
plot. Box Plot.
UNIT-II
Measure of central tendency and dispersion, merits and demerits of these measures. Moments
and factorial moments. Shephard’s correction for moments. Skewness and Kurtosis and their
Measures. Measures based on quartiles. Bivariate data, Method of least squares for curve
fitting.
UNIT-III
Correlation and regression, rank Correlation ( Spearman’s and Kendall’s measure), Intra-
class correlation, correlation ratio. Partial and Multiple Correlation & Multiple Regression for
Tri-variate data.

UNIT-IV
Attributes- Notion and terminology, contingency table, class frequencies, and ultimate class
frequencies, consistency. Association of attributes, Independence, Measure of association for
2x2 table. Chi-square, Karl Pearson’s and Tschuprow’s coefficient of association.
Contingency tables with ordered categories.

REFERENCES:
1. Goon,Gupta & Dasgupta: Fundamentals of statistics. Vol. I. The world press Private
Ltd., Calcutta.
2. Yule, G.U. and Kendall, M.G.: An Introduction to the theory of statistics. Charles
Griffin & Company Ltd.

3. C. E. Weatherburn: Mathematical Statistics.

PRACTICAL
The practical examination will be based on papers I, II & III and will cover the following
experiments.
List of Practical Experiments
1. Graphical representation of data by Histogram, Frequency polygons, frequency curves
and Ogives. Stem and Leaf Plot, Box Plot.
2. Calculation of measures of location.
3. Calculation of measures of dispersion.
4. Calculation of moments, measures of skewness and measures of Kurtosis.
5. Fitting of curves by method of least squares.
6. Determination of regression lines and calculation of correlation coefficient – grouped
and ungrouped data.
7. Calculation of correlation ratios, rank and intra -class correlation coefficients.
8. Calculation of multiple and partial correlation coefficients for three variables
9. Construction of Index numbers.
10. Calculation of measures of association in contingency tables.
11. Construction of forward difference tables and divided difference tables.
12. Interpolation by Newton’s forward difference formula for equal intervals and
calculation of error.
13. Interpolation by Newton’s divided difference formula for unequal intervals.
Calculation of error.
14. Interpolation by Lagrange’s formula for unequal intervals. Calculation of error.
15. Approximate integration (Trapezoidal rule, Simpson’s one-third rules, simpson’s
three-eighth rule), Weddle’s rule.
16. Real roots of numerical equation by method of iteration.
And
Other practicals based on Paper II and Paper III
 B.Sc. Part- II
(For the year 2010 and onwards)
Paper I : Statistical Inference
UNIT – I
Point estimation. Characteristics of a good estimator: Unbiasedness, consistency, sufficiency
and efficiency. Method of maximum likelihood and properties of maximum likelihood
estimators (without proof). Method of minimum Chi-square. Method of Least squares and
method of moments for estimation of parameters. Problems and examples.
UNIT – II
Sufficient Statistics, Cramer-Rao inequality and its use in finding MVU estimators. Statistical
Hypothesis (simple and composite). Testing of hypothesis. Type I and Type II errors,
significance level, p-values, power of a test. Definitions of Most Powerful (MP), Uniformly
Most Powerful (UMP) and Uniformly Most Powerful Unbiased (UMPU) tests.
UNIT – III
Neyman-Pearson’s lemma and its applications for finding most powerful tests for simple
hypothesis against simple alternative. Tests based on t, F and χ2 distributions.
UNIT-IV
Likelihood ratio tests and their reduction to standard tests. Large sample tests, variance –
stabilizing transformations. Interval estimation, Pivotal quantity and its use in finding
confidence intervals, concept of best confidence intervals.
REFERENCE
1. Hogg & Craig : Mathematical Statistics.
2. Mood, Graybill and Boes : Introduction to the theory of Statistics.
3. Goon, Gupta and Dasgupta : Fundamentals of Statistics Vol.1 & II

Paper II : Survey Sampling

UNIT – I
Sampling vs. complete enumeration : sampling units and frame. Precision and efficiency of
estimators. Simple Random sampling with and without replacement. Use of random number
tables in selection of simple random sample. Estimation of population mean and proportion.
Derivation of expression for variance of these estimators. Estimation of variances. Sample
size determination.
UNIT-II
Stratified random sampling. Problem of allocation, proportional allocation, optimum
allocation. Derivation of the expressions for the standard errors of the usual estimators when
these allocations are used. Gain in precision due to stratification. Role of sampling cost in the
sample allocation. Minimization of variance for fixed cost. Systematic sampling : estimation
of population mean and population total, standard errors of these estimators.
UNIT-III
Regression and ratio methods of estimation in simple random sampling. Cluster sampling
with equal and unequal clusters. Estimators of population mean and their mean square error.
UNIT-IV
Double sampling in ratio method of estimation. Two-stage sampling with equal first stage
units : estimator of population mean and its variance, Multi-stage sampling with examples
(definition only).Non-sampling errors.
REFERENCES
1. Cochran, W.G. : Sampling Techniques
1. Sukhatme, Sukhatme, Sukhatme & Asok : Sampling Theory of Surveys with applications.
2. Murthy, M. N. : Sampling theory.

Paper III : Analysis of Variance and Design of Experiment.

UNIT-I
Analysis of Variance. One way classification. Assumptions regarding model. Two way
classification with equal number of observations per cell. Duncan’s multiple comparison test.
Analysis of covariance.
UNIT-II
Principles of Design of experiments: Randomization, Replication and local control. Choice of
size and type of a plot using uniformity trials. CRD, Randomized block design. Concept and
definition of efficiency of design. Comparison of efficiency between CRD and RBD.
UNIT – III
Latin square Design, Lay-out, ANOVA table. Comparison of efficiencies between LSD and
RBD; LSD and CRD. Missing plot technique : estimation of missing plots by minimizing
error sum of squares in RBD and LSD with one or two missing observations.
UNIT-IV
Factorial Experiments : general description of factorial experiments; 22, 23 and 2n factorial
experiments arranged in RBD and LSD. Definition of main effects and interactions in 22 and
23 factorial experiments. Preparation of ANOVA by Yates procedure. Estimates and tests for
main and interaction effects (Analysis without confounding).
REFERENCES
1. Cochran and Cox : Experimental Design
2. Kempthorne : Design of Experiments
3. Federer : Experimental Designs
4. Goon, Gupta and Dasgupta : Fundamentals of Statistics, Vol. II
PRACTICAL
The practical examination will be based on papers I, II and III and will cover the following
experiments:
List of Practical Experiments
1. Fitting of Binomial, Poisson and Normal distributions to observed data and testing of
goodness of fit.
2. Testing of independence of attributes in m x n contingency table and calculation of
measures of association.
3. t – test for (i) m = m0 (ii) m1= m2 (iii) a= a0 (iv) b= b0 (v) r= 0 (vi) r12..3= 0
4. F-test for (i) s12= s22 (ii) r1.23= 0
5. Fisher’s Z-transformation and its use in testing (i) r1 = r2 (ii) r1 = r2= …=rk (iii) r
=r0
6. Calculation of power curve for the test of m = m0 against m ¹ m0 for a normal
distribution with known variance.
7. Large sample tests.
8. Analysis of variance in one-way and two-way classification (with and without
interaction terms).
9. Analysis of a Latin square design.
10. Analysis of variance in RBD and LS design with one or two missing observations.
11. Drawing a simple random sample with the help of table of random numbers.
12. Estimation of population means and variance in simple random sampling.
13. Stratified random sampling for population mean (proportional and optimum
allocation).
14. Ratio and regression estimation of population mean and total.
15. Factorial Experiment Practical.
And

Other practicals based on Paper I, Paper II and Paper III.

 B.A. & B.Sc. Part- III
(For the Examination of 2011 and onwards)
Paper 1 : Non-parametric Methods and Regression Analysis
UNIT – I
Multivariate normal distributions, marginal and conditional distribution, Moment Generating
and Characteristics functions, Maximum likelihood estimation of mean vector and co-
variance matrix, independence and joint sufficiency of these estimates. Distribution of linear
combination of components of multi normal variate.
UNIT – II
Order Statistics. Distributions of minimum, rth and maximum order statistic. Joint distribution
of rth and sth order statistics (in continuous case) Distribution of sample range & sample
median, for uniform and exponential distributions. Confidence interval of quantiles of order
p, tolerance and coverages.

UNIT – III
Non-parametric tests – Tests for randomness and test for goodness of fit. One sample tests :
sign test, Wilcoxon signed rank tests. Two sample tests : run test, Kolmogorov – Smirnov’s
test. Median test and Mann-Whitney U test. Mood tests and Sukhatme test for scale
parameter, Spearman’s rank correlation test, Kurskall-Wallis Test.

UNIT – IV
Linear regression model of full rank, Least squares theory. Estimation of parameters-OLSE
and MLE of β and test of hypotheses. R2 and adjusted R2. ANOVA table for regression,
REFERENCE :
1. Mood, A.M., Graybill F and Boes D.C. : Introduction to the theory of Statistics.
2. Gibbons, J.D. : Non-parametric statistical inference
3. Conover, W.J. : Practical Non-parametric Statistics
4. David, H.A. : Order Statistics
5. Johnston : Econometric Methods
6. Anderson : Introduction to Multivariate Statistical Analysis, Chaps 1,2 & 3
Paper II : Applied Statistics
UNIT – I
Time series, its different components, illustrations, additive and multiplicative models,
determination of trend, growth curves, analysis of seasonal fluctuations, construction of
seasonal indices. Idea of Correlogram & periodogram.
Index number – its definition, application of index number, price relative and quantity or
volume relatives, link and chain relative, problem involved in computation of index number,
use of averages, simple aggregative and weighted average method. Laspeyre’s, Paashe’s and
Fisher’s index number, time and factor reversal tests of index numbers, consumer price index
UNIT – II
Educational Statistics: Scaling procedures – scaling of test items, test scores, rating of
qualitative answers and judgements. Test theory, linear models, parallel tests, true score,
reliability and validity of tests. Tetra-choric, bi-serial and point bi-serial correlation
coefficients.
UNIT – III
Demographic methods : Sources of demographic data – census, register, ad-hoc survey,
hospital records, demographic profiles of Indian Censuses. Measurement of mortality, crude
death rates, age specific death rates, infant mortality rates, death rate by cause. Measurement
of fertility – crude birth rate, general fertility rate, age-specific birth rate, total fertility rate,
gross reproduction rate, net reproduction rate, standardized death rates, age pyramid of sex
composition , other measures of fertility. Graduation of mortality rates by Gompertz and
Makeham formulae, logistic curve fitting and its use in population projection. Complete life
table, its main features and construction.
UNIT – IV
Control charts for variables and attributes, modified control charts, group control charts,
CUSUM charts, V mask. Sampling inspection by attributes – single and double sampling
plans. Producer’s and consumer’s risk, OC, ASN, ATI functions AOQL and LTPD of
sampling plans. Sampling inspection by variables – simple cases.

REFERENCE :
1. Montgomery D.C. (1985) : Introduction to Statistical Quality Control (Wiley).
2. Draper & Smith : Applied Regression Analysis
3. Burr : Industrial Quality Control.
4. Wetherill and Brown : Statistical Quality Control
5. Croxton F.E. and Cowden D.J. : Applied General Statistics
6. Goon, Gupta and Dasgupta : Fundamentals of Statistics, Vol. I & II
7. Siya Ram : Applied Statistics.
Paper III : Operations Research
UNIT – I
General linear programming problems and their formulations. Method for solving LPP :
Graphical Method, Simplex method, Big – M method, Two phase Method Duality in LPP
Transportation problem: North-west corner rule, Least cost method, Vogel’s approximation
method. Optimum solution : Stepping stone method, Method of Multipliers. Assignment
Problem : Hungarian Algorithm.
UNIT – II
Queueing Models – M/M/1, M/M/C models waiting time distribution for M/M/1, Little’s
formulae. M/G/1 Queueing system, cost profit models in queueing theory.
UNIT – III
Network Analysis : Minimal Spanning Tree, Model Shortest-route problems, Maximal Flow
Model.
Project Management : PERT/CPM determination of floats construction of time chart and
resources labelling.
UNIT – IV
Inventory Models : FOQ models, Non-zero, land time, EOQ with shortages allowed.
Dynamic Programming : Bellman’s optimality principle. Applications. Job sequencing : n
jobs – machines, n jobs – K machines, 2 jobs – n machines.
REFERENCES :
1. Swarup Kanti, Gupta P.K. and Man Mohan : Operations Research, Sultan Chand & Sons.
2. Taha, H.A. : Operations Research, Mac Millan publishing.

PRACTICALS :

Based on Paper I, Paper II and Paper III.