PRESENT SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS

PRESENT SIMPLE
1. Write the HE/SHE/IT forms
catch read come run

cook smoke drink stand

fetch start fix touch

live watch miss wish

rush write buy carry

copy enjoy fry marry

play study try

2. Write the verb in the right form

1. Children ................................ (ask) a lot of questions.

2. She .................................. (go) to college on her bike.
3. A lot of birds .............................. (fly) south in the winter.
4. She ..................................... (study) very hard at the weekends.
5. My father .............................. (watch) television most evenings.
6. He ................................... (understand) Arabic.
7. He ........................................ (fight) with his brother.
8. Big dogs............................ (like) a lot of exercise.
9. He’s very naughty – he ............................ (push) other children.
10. Lessons ................................. (start) at 8.35 every morning.
3. Choose one verb to make each sentence negative
e.g. It doesn’t snow very often in San Francisco (snow, sing, play)
1. I like football, but I ............................................ cricket at all. (think, like, remember)
2. She lives in Japan, but she ...................................... a word of Japanese (sing, work, speak)
3. I’m sorry – I ................................. your name. (eat, remember, work)
4. He works in New York, but I .................................... what he does. (know, use, come)
5. Mary’s really tired, but she ...................................... to go to bed. (help, want, walk)
6. We .......................................... a big flat – just one bedroom. (work, play, want)
7. Phil ..................................... very hard, but he makes a lot of money. (work, stand, stop)
8. Ann’s parents ................................... I’m the right man for their daughter. (write, read, think)
4. a) Make questions 10. What time / the train / arrive?
1. How / you pronounce / this word? b) Make questions.
2. How / you spell / that? 1. She / live / with her parents?
3. What / this word / mean? 2. You / like / your new job?
4. How much / they cost? 3. I /speak / good Italian?
5. Where / you live? 4. They /work / hard / at university?
6. What / you do? 5. We /usually give/ her a birthday
7. How / you do? present?
8. What time / the plane / leave? 6. Your sister / help / you / very much?
9. What time/ the class / start? 7. Alan /smoke?
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
1
1. Write the –ING FORM of these verbs.
Break clean wash live

Come die enjoy go

Make play sing jump

Write start get feel

Begin put hit rain

Rob shop dream sleep

Shout sit stand talk

Turn open visit forget

2. Fill in the blanks with the verbs in the present continuous tense

1. John and I ...................................... (stay) in a beautiful hotel.

2. Kevin .......................................... (work) at home today.
3. I ...................................... (wait) for a very important letter.
4. You ...................................... (walk) too fast.
5. We ........................................... (plan) our next holiday.
6. The girls ............................................ (visit) their grandmother today.
7. She ....................................... (read) in her bedroom at the moment.
8. The baby ...................................... (learn) how to walk.
3. Rewrite the sentences in the negative. Use the present continuous
1. They .......................................... (buy) a new car.
2. He ............................................... (learn) to read.
3. I .................................................. ( look) for your keys.
4. We ............................................... (sell) the house.
5. They ........................................ (drink) tea.
6. You ....................................... (work) very hard.
7. Jack and Jill ....................................... (run) downhill.
8. I ....................................... (go) home now.
4. A) Write the questions. Use the present b) Make questions. Write the short answer
continuous 1. It / rain?
1. What /Jessica / do? 2. You / learn / French / at school?
2. Why / John and Patrick / laugh? 3. I /speak / clearly?
3. What book / you / read? 4. Angela and Fred / dance / together?
4. What / we / watch? 5. The plane / land/ now?
5. Where / they / stay? 6. The Smiths / plan / a party?
6. Why / we / sit in the dark? 7. The children / study / in their bedroom?
7. Where / they / wait? 8. Chris / wave/ at us?
8. What / you / sell?

2
 FOLLOW UP
FOLLOW UP
PRESENT SIMPLE VS PRESENT CONTINUOUS
EXERCISES
1. Put the verbs into the correct tense (present simple OR present continuous):
The train always ________________(1: leave) on time.
"What's the matter? Why ________________(2: cry/you)?"
That's strange. They________________(3: not to watch) TV.
He________________(4: not to speak) very good English.
Please be quiet! I________________(5: do) my homework.
Where________________(6: live/they)?
Listen! John ________________ music! (7: play)
I never ________________(8: go) to the swimming pool.
Harold Black's a famous pianist. He________________(9: give) two or three concerts
every week. He ________________(10: travel) a lot and this week he's in New York.
He________________(11: stay) at an expensive hotel. He's at his hotel now.
He________________(12: have) his breakfast in the dining−room.
He________________(13: drink) a cup of coffee and he________________(14: read) a
newspaper. Harold's always very busy. He________________(15: play) the piano
regularly. He________________(16: practise) for four hours every day.
He________________(17: go) to bed late and he always ________________(18: get up)
early. But he sometimes________________(19: get) dressed too quickly, and this
morning he________________(20: wear) one blue sock and one red one!
2. Put the verb in brackets in the correct form (present simple or present
continuous)
Next week, my friends and I _________ (go) camping in the woods. I ____________
(organize) the food, because I _____________ (like) cooking. Dave ________________
(have) a big car with a trailer, so he _____________ (plan) the transportation. Sam
______________ (bring) the tent — he ___________ (go) camping every year, so he
_________ (have) a great tent and lots of other equipment. My wife _______ (think)
we're crazy. She (like) _______________ holidays in comfortable hotels, so she
______________ (take) a trip to Paris instead.
3. Present Simple or Continuous? Choose the correct alternative(s) in the sentences
1-8 below.
1 Today she ’s spending/spends time with her grandmother.
2 They usually are going/go to the gym on Sundays.
3 We ’re having/have a barbecue later on. Do you want to come?
4 No, she can’t answer the phone, she has/is having a shower.
5 I always have/am having a coffee before I ’m leaving/leave for work in the morning.
6 They sometimes fly/are flying to Sweden, but usually they are going/go by boat.
7 Where are you? I ’m sitting/sit outside in the sunshine!
8 He always brings/is bringing a monolingual dictionary to his English class.
 PRESENT SIMPLE vs. PRESENT
CONTINUOUS
~ multiple choice quiz ~
1 John __________ at this moment. meeting at another branch.
Arrive Drive
Arrives Drives
are arriving are driving
is arriving is driving
John always __________ on time for
2
meetings. My parents normally __________
7
Arrive breakfast at 7:00 a.m.
Arrives Eat
are arriving Eats
is arriving are eating
Barbara usually __________ dinner is eating
3
for her husband after work.
Cook At the moment my parents are on
Cooks 8 vacation, so they __________
are cooking breakfast much later.
is cooking Eat
This week Barbara is away on Eats
4 business so Tom __________ dinner are eating
for himself. is eating
Cook
Cooks My husband and his
9
are cooking colleague__________ golf right now.
is cooking Play
Plays
Mr. and Mrs. Parsons __________ to are playing
5
work together every day. is playing
Drive
Drives My husband and his colleague
are driving 10 __________ golf whenever they are
is driving not too busy.
Play
Today Mr. and Mrs. Parsons Plays
6 __________ to work separately are playing
because Mr. Parsons has to go to a is playing

11. I ________ you're crazy! b. ? is studying

A. ? think 13. I ________ lunch in the cafeteria
B. ? am thinking every day.
12. You won't find Jerry at home right a. ? have
now. He ________ in the library. b. ? am having
a. ? studies
 14. Don't give Jan any cheese. She a. do you go
________ it! b. are you going
a. ? hates c. are you go
b. ? is hating d. do you going
15. Once a week, I ________ to an art 24) ............... a really good book at the moment.
class at the college. a. I read
a. ? go b. I'm reading
b. ? am going c. I reading
16. Marie-Claude isn't a Canadian. I 25) He................... an iphone, an ipad and a
________ she comes from France. computer. He's so lucky!
a. ? believe a. is having
b. ? am believing b. have
17. It ________ quite hard — perhaps c. has
we shouldn't go out tonight. 26) Bill ................... really hard at the moment
a. ? snows because his company has just received a big
b. ? is snowing order from China.
18. Salman is rich — he ________ a a. works
Mercedes. b. is working
a. drives c. is work
b. ? is driving 27) It ............. a lot in La Spezia in winter.
19. I ________ to Toronto next a. rains
Thursday. Do you want to come? b. rain
a. ? go c. is raining
b. ? am going 28) A: Where's John? B: He's in the bathroom.
20. Look! Junko ________ into the He ............... a shower.
water. a. has
a. ? jumps b. is having
b. ? is jumping c. is making
21) A: What ................ ? B: He's an engineer. d. is doing
a. is your father doing 29) A: What ........................ ? B: I'm looking for
b. is your father do my glasses.
c. does your father do a. are you doing
d. does your father doing b. do you do
22) Why ................... sunglasses? It's cloudy c. you are doing
today. 30) A: ..................... the party? B: Yes, very
a. do you wear much, thank you.
b. are you wearing a. Are you enjoying
c. do you wearing b. Do you enjoy
d. are you wear c. Are you enjoy
23) A: How often .................... to the cinema? B: d. Do you enjoying
About once a month.
 B
1. I am _______ a sandwich now. 10. They are ___________ their
eats coats..
eating
not
not eat
eat put on
2. I am busy right now. I _______ putting on
breakfast. doesn't put
am have 11. You'd better go to bed early tonight. The
have plane ..... at 6 o'clock tomorrow morning so
having we'll have to be up by 4.30!
am having will leave
3. My daughter _________ studying
English at Istanbul University. Leaves
is
does Leave
do
not is leaving
4. _____ you waiting for a bus?
Do
Are
Does
Is 12 My father ..... too much!
5. What _____________? It looks
awful. Smoking
do you drinking
are you drink Smokes
are you drinking
does you drink Smoke
6. We ________ enjoying our holiday
here so much. is smoking
don't
are
is 13 You should see the new Brad Pitt film. He
doesn't plays the part of a cowboy who ..... up a
7. What _____ John ___________ at lawless town.
the moment? is cleaning
does / do
is / do Cleans
are / doing
is / doing Cleaned
8. I ___________ sitting down at the
moment. Clean
am not
are not 14. Woo-Jin and I ..... basketball after school today.
is Do you want to play too?
don't Played
9. Don't disturb him. He
__________. Play
sleeps
is sleeping is playing
is sleep
sleep
 are playing are always bumping

15. Oil ..... on water. always bumps

is floating always bumping

Floats always bump

Floating 21. "What ..... about the plan to shorten the school
holidays?"
Float you think

16. Why ..... ? You should be listening to will you think

me!
you talk do you think

you are talking are you thinking

do you talk 22. Jane: "What ..... about?"

Mary: "My summer holidays! I wish I was still
are you talking lying on the beach."
you thinking
17. What ..... next weekend, Yoshi?
does he think
you doing
do you think
you do
are you thinking
do you do
23. My father ..... me to school this week because we
are you doing had an accident and our car is being repaired.
isn`t driving
18. Jane: Do you play the piano?
Mary: No, I ..... any musical instrument! hadn`t driven
isn`t playing
don`t drive
don`t play
doesn`t drive
doesn`t play
24. Where does Helen ............ ?
am not playing living
live
19. Money ..... on trees! lives
is living
isn`t growing 25. She ....... in a bank.
works
don`t grow is working
working
doesn`t grow work
26. Are you .......... for the bus?
didn`t grow wait
waits
20. You ..... into things and breaking them. How waiting
can anyone be so clumsy? are waiting
27. Helen and Peter ............ to school now.
go smokes
going smoke
goes 31. He ........... a contract at the time.
are going sign
28. Does she ........... English? signs
speaking is signing
speaks signing
is speaking 32. How many letters do you ...... every day?
speak copying
29. What do you ........... on Sundays? copy
doing copies
does are copying
do 33. She ........ for another job.
are doing looks
30. She ......... 15 cigarettes a day. look
is smoking looking
smoking is looking
 PAST TENSE
I. Write the following sentences in the Past Tense.
Example: The dog (chase) the cat.
The dog chased the cat.
1. The dog (chase) the cat.
2. The cat (climb) the tree quickly.
3. The dog (start) to bark.
4. I (want) to chase the dog away.
5. The dog’s owner (arrive) and (walk) away with it.
6. The cat (look) happy.

II. Write the sentences in the negative.

Example: Jane cleaned her room yesterday.
Jane didn’t clean her room yesterday.
1. Father watched TV last night.
2. The teacher talked about “Robinson Crusoe” last week.
3. I wanted to read the book.
4. The reporter asked the film star a lot of questions.
5. I walked to my friend’s house two days ago.

III. Change the verbs in brackets into the past simple.

0 I (finish) finished my book last week.
1 A plane (fly) ________________ over our house.
2 Peter (have) ________________ a sandwich for lunch.
3 The bus (arrive) ________________ two hours late.
4 My sister (make) ________________ a big cake for my birthday.
5 John always (wear) ________________ a uniform to school.
6 Kevin (run) ________________ to school, yesterday.
7 It (begin) ________________ to rain.
8 We (play) ________________ football for hours.
9 My family (go) ________________ to Portugal for a holiday.
10 We (jump) ________________ into the swimming pool.

IV. Choose the best reply (A-I) for the questions (0-8).
0 Do you know where the theatre is? E A That’s a good idea.
1 What does you boyfriend look like? B It’s interesting, but very noisy.
2 What’s New York like? C It’s near the theatre.
3 Could you tell me the time, please? D It’s nearly four o’clock.
4 Can I help you? E Yes. It’s next to the post office.
5 Do you mind if I sit here? F No thanks, I can do it.
6 Would you like some cake? G Yes, please.
7 Let’s go for some tea. H He’s tall, dark and handsome.
8 Where’s the bus station? I No, not at all.
 V. Put the verbs in parentheses into the Past Simple or the Past Continuous and
translate (Scrie verbul din paranteze la trecut simplu sau continuu şi tradu):
1. The ship (approach) _______________ Cape Town when the tornado (begin) _______________ .
2. The bomb (go) _______________ off when the president (give) _______________ a speech.
3. He (not hear) ________________ the bell because the radio (play) _______________ .
4. When I (get) ________________ home everybody (dance) _______________ .
5. The plane (catch) _______________ fire when it (take) ________________ off.
6. Tim (crash) _______________ into a street light because he (drive) _______________ too fast.

VI. Change the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous (Schimbă
timpul verbelor din paranteze în trecut simplu sau continuu):
0 For dinner, my sister (eat) ate pizza, but I (have) had soup.
1 My brother (drink) ________________ coffee while he (do) ________________ his homework.
2 He (walk) ________________ into the classroom, then he (sit) ________________ down.
3 While I (study) ________________ , Sue (run) ________________ into the library.
4 When the class (finish) ________________ , the teacher (drive) ________________ home.
5 Harry (sing) _______________ a song when Jane (come) _______________ in.
6 Nothing happened when I (turn on) ________________ the DVD player.
7 It (start) ________________ to rain while I (walk) ________________ to the park.
8 Yuki (listen) ________________ to the radio when the phone (ring) ________________ .
9 The children (go) ________________ the cinema last night.
10 Mr. Jones (find) ________________ some money when he (clean) ________________ the
cupboards.

FOLLOW UP
~ focus on simple past ~
A – FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE PAST SIMPLE OF THE VERBS IN BRACKETS:
 When I ___________ (be) in Japan I ___________ (find) everything very different.
 Two years ago my parents _________ (buy) a new car.
 Last summer Peter ________ (spend) his holidays in a summer camp with his friends.
They _________ (go) swimming, they _________ (play) football and golf they _______
(visit) many interesting places.
 My sister ________ (get) a good job in a bank.
 Susan and her cousins ___________ (come) to Portugal ten years ago.

B – COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE PAST SIMPLE (AFFIRMATIVE /

NEGATIVE / INTERROGATIVE) OF THE VERBS IN BRACKETS:
 My sister and her husband _________ (come) from Greece.
 I __________ (not like) the U2 concert.
 My cousin __________ (phone) from France yesterday evening.
 On Monday Johann ___________ (go) to school on foot.
 (they / leave) ___________ the country last Saturday?
 (you / like) _____________ the film?
 They _________ (not finish) the homework yesterday.
 (she / go) _____________ to the cinema with her parents last night?
No, she didn’t. She ___________ (stay) at home. She __________ (get) a cold.
 We _________ (go) to Spain by car.
  I _____________ (have) a wonderful holiday with my family last July.
 (you / travel) _________ to Madrid by car or by plane?
 Many years ago it __________ (be) very difficult to live without electricity.
 Last year they _______ (buy) a house at the seaside.
 I __________ (meet) him the day before yesterday.
C – CHOOSE THE BEST OPTION FOR EACH OF THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES:
 Mrs. Harris __________ the last train.
a) Take b) took c) did take
 There ________ many people here last night.
a) Was b)were c) wasn’t
 He _________ at home with me yesterday evening.
a) Were b) was c) be
 She ___________with her family on holidays.
a) Go b) did go c) went
 He ___________ some books and CDs.
a) Brought b) bought c) did buy
 They __________ their passports at home.
a) Leave b) did leave c) left
 She ________some interesting photos.
a) Take b)taken c) took
 It __________ a good present.
a) Were b) was c) is
 ___________ (she /arrive) home at 5:30?
a) Did she arrived b) did she arrive c) arrived

~ focus on past tenses 2~

A- Write “When” or “While”!

1.I was reading a book ........................................ suddenly I heard a noise.
2. ................................. Rose was cooking dinner, her husband went to work.
3. ................................ Sandra and Kathy were talking in the living-room, the doorbell
rang.
4.Ben was playing in a basketball team ................................. he was a kid.
5. Sharon came home ................................... her brother was playing video games.
6. ................................... Angela got home, mom was making some coffee.
7. They were sleeping ........................................... the burglars broke in.
8. We were having a lesson ........................................ we heard a terrrible noise.
9. ...................................... I was cycling, the rain started.
10. He broke his arm ....................................... he was playing basketball.

B- Write the correct form of the verbs!

1-She met him while she ___________________(travel) on a train.
2-While the woman was getting off the bus, she_______________(fall down).
3-The thief ___________________(break) into while we were sleeping.
4-John took a photo while I ____________________(not/look).
5-While my mum was working in the garden , she _______________(hurt) her back.
6-We were living in Madrid when our old aunt________________(die).
7-When I got up this morning, it _________________(rain) heavily.
8- While my dad was brushing his teeth, my mum _______________ (fall asleep).
9- I had a nightmare while I ___________________(sleep) last night.
10- What happened in your dream while a monster ___________________(chase) you?

C- Write the correct form of the verbs!

1- I _______________(study) History when my friends__________________ (come)
around.
2- While Susan_______________(walk) in the street, she ____________(meet) an
old friend.
3- Her baby_________________ (wake) up while she __________________(clean)
the house.
4- He __________________ (work) when his wife
_______________________(phone) him.
5- The students ______________(have) a test when the storm ____________(start).
6- We ______________(see) a falling star while we ________________(fish) in the
lake.
7- Susan______________(fall) down while she ___________________(climb) the
ladder.
8- I ___________________(walk) along the road when I_____________(see) you with
her.
9- Tom _______________(burn)his hand while he _________________(cook)the
dinner.
10- Dady _______________(fall) asleep while he __________________(read) a book.

D Write the verbs in brackets into Past continuous tense.

1.- At 10,30 am Richard ………… (train) with his team for the football match.
2.- Sheila ……….. (fly) to Barcelona and she …………. (read) a magazine.
3.-My team …………… (lose) the match so I was very sad.
4.-The housekeeper ……………. (organize) the bedrooms.
5.-The two friends ……………… (finish) the Maths project.
6.-The manager …………….. (talk) to the customer.
7.-Johnny …………..…..(wear) an elegant grey suit and a blue tie.
8.-Miriam ………………… (shout) and I ……………. (cry)
9.-The photographers …………… (take) good photos of the event.
10.-The top model ……………….. (present) a creation by Chanel.
11.- A woman ……………. (explain) the pictures at the museum.
12.-Interpol …………….. (look )for the criminals.
13.-The famous painter …………… (give) an interview on TV.
14.-Barbara …………………(relax) in a sea resort.
15.-My sister ……………… (paint) her nails in the bathroom.
16.-The maid ………………... (polish) the silverware.
17.-The girls ……………… (rehearse) the play.
18.-The cat ……………….. (run) after the mouse.
19.-The footballer ……………….. (kick) the football.
20.- The policeman ………………… (question) the suspect at the police station.
20.- Michael ……………….. (not tell) the truth to me.
21 .-Yolanda ……………… (not listen) to what I ……………… (say)
22.-The man …………… (try) to start the car.
23.-He ………………. (get) furious and exhausted.
24.-The parrot ………………… (sit) on the pirate’s shoulder.
25.-Liana ……………… (share) the limousine with some friends.
26.-They ……………….. (celebrate) their wedding anniversary.
27.-Alex …………………. (design) some cool handbags.
 ASSIGNMENT
1. _____________ to the park on Sunday. began
A. I went did you begin
B. I was going 16. You __________ me, did you?
2. ______________ when I saw Neil. I stopped understood
and had a chat. weren't understanding
A. I was running didn't understand
B. i ran 17. When __________ yesterday morning?
3. When _____________ to the party? you got up
A. Did you go did you get up
B. Were you going were you getting up
4. I was talking to the students while Katie 18. While I __________ to work, I saw an
_______________ the parents accident.
A. Was talking to drove
B. Talked to was driving
5. When I was 12 _________________ did drive
A. I was very shy 19. __________ well on this quiz?
B. I was being very shy Did you
6. When I woke up this morning Were you
_________________ Did you do
A. It rained 20. We _______________ down when we saw
B. It was raining the woman.
7. ______________ when you tried to call them? walked
A. Were they sleeping were walkes
B. Did they sleep were walking
8. _____________ learning English 2 years ago. walking
A. I was starting 21 While I ___________________ for English
B. I started test yesterday, my brother _____________ fun
9. __________________ the other one, didn´t with his friends.
you? was studying / was having
A. You were preferring studied / was having
B. You preferred was studied / had
10. I saw you yesterday. was studying / was hasing
A. You were talking to Ainara 22 What did you say? I _______________ to
B. You talked to Ainara you.
11. He was always am not listening
A. Coming to work late wasn't listening
B. Come to work late didn't listening
12. When I saw Dave, he __________. don't listen
is working 23 I ___________________ TV when I
worked ____________ a loud noise.
was working was watching / was hearing
13. You had a good time at the party, watched / was hearing
__________ you? watched / heard
hadn't was watching / heard
didn't 24 What is wrong with this sentence? "She was
weren't cleaning the garage while she saw a spider."
14. __________ when the telephone rang? "cleaning" must be "clean"
Were you sleeping "saw" must be "was seeing"
Did you sleep "while" must be "when"
Were sleeping "cleaning" must be "cleaned"
15. Dave, when __________ the ESL Cafe on 25 ______ they swimming when the phone rang?
the Web? Were
were you begin Are
Do
Did was working
26 Mrs Adams was ___________ dinner at 6 Worked
o'clock yesterday morning. Works
hasing always work
had
have
having 34. I ________ when someone ________my
27 Tom wasn't reading a book. He lunchbox yesterday. (play - steal)
______________ the dog.
was feeding am playing - was stealing
fed was playing – stole
was fed played – stole
is feeding
was playing - was stole
28 _______ Ben was doing his homework, he
got a text message from his friend.
When 35. Susan _______ lunch when someone
While _______ the doorbell. (prepare, ring)
However
If prepared - was ringing
29 What _________ Add and Helen was prepareing – rang
__________ when you broke the glass? was preparing – ringed
are / doing was preparing – rang
was / doing
were / doing 36. Last year, I _______ to do a lot of research
did / did while I _____ on my project. (have - work)
30. While we _______, we ________a horrible was having – worked
accident. (drive, see)
had - was working
were driving – saw am having – worked
was driving – saw had - am working
drove – saw
drived - were seeing 37. We ______ in New York last year. (be)

Were
31. I ______ a terrible dream last night. (have)
would be
was having Are
am having Was
Had
Have 38. Ahmed ______ hurt while he ______
football. (get - play)
32. He ________ to see his grandmother was getting – played
yesterday. (go)
got – played
was going got - was playing
Goed was getting - was playing
Goes
Went 40. While Natasha _______ an apple, she _____
her finger. (cut - cut)
33. I ______ very hard last night. (work) was cutting – cut
cutted – cutted cut - was cutting
 cut – cut
break – walk
was breaking – walked
41. While she _______, she _____her wallet.
(shop - lose) broke - were having
broke – had
shopping – lost
was shoping – lost 44. I ______ a plate while I _______ Mum in the
shopped - was losing kitchen. (break - help)
was shopping – lost
broke - was helping
was breaking – helped
42. Yesterday at 7 o'clock, Abdulla ______ a
movie. (watch) broke – helped
breaked – helped
Watched
was watching 45. While it ________ heavily outside, I
Watch _______ in my car. (rain - sit)
Watches
was raining – sat
rained – sat
43. Our car _______ down and we ______ to
walk home. (break - have) rained - was sitting
was raining – sitted
 ASSIGNMENT
Past simple or past continuous

Simple past or past continuous

1) Last Saturday when my brother arrived, I ... TV (to watch)

2) The police arrested the murderer when he ... an old woman (to attack)
3) My uncle ... all his fortune playing in casinos (to lose)
4) Yesterday it rained all day and the river almost ... its banks (to burst)
5) Last night when I left the party two gangs of hooligans ... (to fight)
6) Last Friday my father ... to Paris to visit my brother, who works there (to go)
7) They ... the new bridge in time for the Olympic Games (to finish)
8) My girlfriend didn't come with us to the cinema because she ... (to study)
9) When the teacher entered the classroom the students ... very loudly (to speak)
10) That terrible accident ... yesterday evening (to happen)
11) Last night when the thieves ... into my house I was sleeping (to break)
12) My parents ... in the Cathedral of Seville 40 years ago (to get married)
13) The Socialist Party ... the last elections and is now in power (to win)
14) The other day when I ... tennis I hurt my leg (to play)
15) Philip ... at home in very strange circumstances (to die)
16) Susan ... Law in the university of Madrid (to study)
17) Yesterday when you came home I ... the dog (to walk)
18) The plane ... into the mountains due to the weather conditions (to crash)
19) He ... late at the station and missed his train (to arrive)
20) The mother went to calm her little baby because she ... (to cry)
21) My neighbour ... a heart attack last year and still hasn't fully recovered (to have)
22) This morning while my friends played football I ... my homework (to do)
23) Last summer we ... to the south of Spain for our holidays (to go)
24) Yesterday night it was raining when we ... the Theatre (to leave)

Choose which verb tense (simple past or past continuous) fits better.
1. I ________ - I didn't hear you come in. a) was sleeping b) slept
2. I ________ to see her twice, but she wasn't home. a) was coming b) came
3. What ________? I was watching TV. a) did you do b) were you doing
4. Robin Hood was a character who ________ from the rich and gave to the poor. a) stole b) was
stealing
5. Hey, did you talk to her? Yes, I ________ to her a) was talking b) talked
6. I ________ home very late last night. a) came b) was coming
7. How long ________ the flu? a) did you have b) were you having
8. ________ a good time in Brazil? Yes, I had a blast! a) Were you having b) Did you have
9. We ________ breakfast when she walked into the room. a) had b) were having
10. Last month I decided to buy a new car, and today I finally ________ it. a) bought b) was
buying
Complete the following sentences with the correct form (Past Simple or Past Continuous).
1. A: What (you, do) ___________________ when you heard that noise?
B: I (try) ___________________ to change a light bulb that had burnt out.
2. After I (find) ___________________ the wallet full of money, I (go,
immediately)___________________ to the police and (turn) ___________________ it in.
3. The doctor (say) ___________________ that Brian (be) _________________ too weak to go
to work and that he (need) ___________________ to stay at home for a couple of days.
4. My best friend (arrive) ___________________ at my house a little before 9:00 pm, but I (be,
not) ___________________ there. I (study) ___________________ at the library for my final
examination in Italian.
5. John is in the living room working on his computer. At this time yesterday, he (work, also)
___________________ on his computer. That's all he ever does!
6. I (call) ___________________ you last night after dinner, but you (be,
not)___________________ there. Where were you? B: I (work) ___________________ out at
the gym.
7. When I (walk) ___________________ into the busy office, the secretaries
(talk)___________________ on the phone with customers, a clerk (work,
busily)___________________ at his desk, and two managers (discuss, quietly)
___________________ methods to improve customer service.
8. I (watch) ___________________ a thriller on T.V. when the electricity went out. Now I am
never going to find out how the film ends.
9. Samantha (be) ___________________ in the room when Bob (tell) ___________________ me
what happened, but she didn't hear anything because she (be, listen) ___________________ to
music.
10. It's strange that you (call) ___________________ because I (think, just)
___________________ about you.
Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Continuous or the Past Simple.
1) Frank _______________ (finish) his lunch and ____________ (ring) his friend Jason.
2) Jason ____________ (watch) TV when Frank______________ (phone) him.
3) He ____________ (turn off) the TV when he ____________ (hear) the phone ringing.
4) They _________________________ (decide) what to do when Jason
_____________________ (suggest) going to the club.
5) Frank _______________ Jason ____________ (pick up) and _________________ (drive) to
the club.
6) Two other people _______________________(use) their tennis court when they
_________________________ (arrive).
7) They ______________________ (drink) a soda and ____________________ (eat) a sandwich
while they _____________________(wait) to play.
8) While they __________________________ (play), it ________ (start) to rain so they
______________________ (have) to stop playing.
 THE ENGLISH PRONOUN
Me & To Me
Q1 - Explain it again _____, please. Q2 - She sent a letter _____.

us them
to us to them

Q3 - He told a joke _____. Q4 - He sent ____ a letter.

them me
to them to me

Q5 - He warned ____ about it. Q6 - Post it _____ as soon as you can, please.

us me
to us to me

Q7 - Ayed recommended it ____. Q8 - He wrote _____ a very rude letter.

me me
to me to me

Q9 - She wrote a nice letter_____. Q10 - Listen ____.

me me
to me to me

Object Pronoun or Reflexive Pronoun?

Q1 - I hurt ____ playing football. Q2 - She hurt ____.

me him
myself himself

Q3 - I cut ____ shaving. Q4 - Do you mind if I take ____ home now?

me me
myself myself

Q5 - I helped ____ to some food. Q6 - I wanted to do it ____.

me me
myself myself

Q7 - He's so ill he can't dress ____. Q8 - She took it upon ____ to organize everything.

him her
himself herself

Q9 - The decision is fine by ____. Q10 - He helped ____ do it.

me me
myself myself

Possessive and Reflexive Pronouns

Q1 - It's ____ party. Q2 - He hurt ____.

my his
mine himself
Q3 - She did it ____. Q4 - He took it from ____ room.

hers my
herself myself

Either could be used here.

Q5 - I didn't believe ____ story. Q6 - I saw it with ____ own eyes.

her my
hers mine

myself

Q7 - No one would help us, so we had to do it ____. Q8 - Someone took it while ___ were asleep.

us ourselves
ourself we
ourselves

Q9 - He'll just have to do it ____. Q10 - It's not ____ problem.

him our
himself ours

Q11 - I don't think it's____. Q12 - Be careful or you'll hurt ____!

mine yourself
my yourselves
myself Either could be used here.

Q13 - It's ____ not mine. Q14 - She didn't do ____ best.

her her
hers hers
herself herself

Pronouns
Q1 - Give that to ____. Q2 - Did she see ___?

I us
me we

Q3 - Did you phone ____? Q4 - I took it from ____.

she they
her them

herself

Q5 - It's not up to ____. Q6 - My sister and ____ went there.

we I
us me

Q7 - Between you and ____, I think it's a stupid idea. Q8 - ____ is the white one.

I Mine
me My
Q9 - What did ____ say about it? Q10 - They said ____ had to pay for it.

them us
they we

Q11 - I told ____ to be here at three o'clock. Q12 - What did ____ want?

he her
him she

Q13 - Tell ____ what happened. Q14 - If ____ have time, it should be OK.

I us
me we

Q15 - It's got nothing to do with ____. Q16 - I took ____ both.

you and me it
you and I they

its
them

Subject and Object Pronouns

Q1 - I saw ____. Q2 - Give it to ____.

her they
she them

Q3 - She kissed ____. Q4 - He took ____.

he it
him them

Either could be used here.

Q5 - Did anyone see ____? Q6 - _____ arrived on time.

us Them
we They
Either could be used here. Either could be used here.

Q7 - What did ____ say? Q8 - She's faster than ____ am.

her me
she I
Either could be used here

Q9 - I saw you and ____ there. Q10 - Between you and ____, I really didn't like it.

she me
her I

Q11 - My brother and ____ went there. Q12 - He gave it to me and ____.

I she
we her
me
 They, Them, Their & Theirs
Q1 - It took ____ an hour to get to work. Q2 - You take our books and I'll take ____.

they their
them theirs

Q3 - I am angry with both of ____. Q4 - Do you know ____?

they they
their them
them

Q5 - Are ____ coming? Q6 - It was very kind of ____ to help.

they they
their their

them

Q7 - Did ____ speak to you? Q8 - Did you speak to ____?

they they
them them

Q9 - Have ____ been invited? Q10 - Ask ____.

they them
their they
them

Fill in the blanks with suitable pronouns.

 1. Does _____ (her, she) know that _____ (me, I) was absent?
 2. Please tell _____ ( he, him) _____ (I, me) have obtained a degree in Chemistry.
 3. I remember that _____ (they, them) bought the fruits from _____ (we, us).
 4. Please don't tell ______ (she, her) about _____ (I, me).
 5. _____ can swim because _____ has webbed feet.
 6. I met Alice yesterday. _____ invited _____ to her house.
 7. Jane has a cat; _____ likes to play with _____.
 8. When the dog chased John, _____ ran as fast as _____ could.
 9. My uncle works in a factory. _____ says _____ is a noisy place.
 10. The teacher said to the class, "When _____ finished your work, please pass _____ up
to me."
Fill each blank with a suitable Reflexive Pronoun.
 1. He rewarded _____ with an ice-cream.
 2. They agreed amongst _____ that they would not tell anyone.
 3. I taught _____ to draw.
 4. You must explain _____ more clearly.
 5. He has a bad temper so he must learn to control _____.
 6. We thoroughly enjoyed _____ at the party on Sunday.
 7. That monkey is scratching _____.
 8. One must defend _____ against bullies.
 9. My brother and I bought _____ some apples.
 10. She cooks for _____ every day.
Fill in the blanks with ‘which, ‘who', ‘whom' and ‘whose'.
 1. The boy, _____ father is a doctor, is my best friend.
 2. This is not something _____ we like to do.
 3. That man, _____ left leg was amputated, suffers from diabetes.
 4. The thief, _____ they caught, was sent to the prison.
 5. Our friends, _____ we invited to the party, arrived rather early.
 6. The girl, _____ broke the mirror, was scolded by her mother.
 7. That is my uncle, _____ car was stolen.
 8. That woman, _____ you saw, was my auntie.
 9. Kangaroos, _____ use their pouch to carry their babies, are found in Australia.
 10. The policeman, ______ caught the thief, is a very brave man.
Possessive Adjective vs. Possessive Pronoun
A Fill out the correct possessive adjective!
1. I have a bike. It's bike.
2. Mum and I have a boat. It's boat.
3. The horse has an apple. It's apple.
4. John and Max have a skateboard. It's skateboard.
6. You have a dog. It's dog.
7. Max and you have a dad. It's dad.
B - Fill out the correct possessive pronoun!
1. I have a dog. That dog is !
2. She has a cat. That cat is !
3. We have a car. That car is !
4. They have a bike. That bike is !
5. He has a key. That key is !
6. You have a hat. That hat is !
C. Fill in the gaps with the corresponding pronoun or adjective form.
- Sheila is an English girl. ………….. is walking with Peter and talking to …………….

- Ann and James are speaking to ………………… teachers, because ……………… have some
questions for ……………………….
- Jack's friends are in classs. These books are ……………….
- We have a very light classroom; ………………………… classroom is on the second floor.
- Claire has two dogs; …………………… dogs like playing very much.
- How old are …………………………. ? I am 15 years old.
- Can I borrow …………………… rubber? Yes, here ……………….. are.
- That bike over there is …………………………. .
 ~ Follow up ~
The indefinite pronoun
Complete the sentences. Choose one of the words in the box

everybody somebody anybody nobody

everything something anything nothing
everywhere somewhere anywhere
nowhere

1. This bag is empty, there isn’t _______________ in it.

2. I’m lonely. I have ____________________ to talk to.
3. I lost my watch. I’ve looked for it _______________.
4. She said ______________, but I didn’t understand her.
5. Did you go _______________ interesting for your vacation?
6. I like the people here. ________________ is very friendly.
7. ’What are you doing here? ’ ’I’m waiting for _______________.’
8. It’s a secret. Don’t tell _________________.
9. We don’t go out very much, because there’s ____________________ to go.
10. ’How much does it cost to visit the museum?’ ’__________________. Why?’
11. They live __________________ in the south of France.
12. It’s a nice hotel. It’s comfortable and _________________ is clean.

Complete the sentences. Choose one of the words in the box

1. Ken never uses his car. He goes _________________ by motorcycle.

2. I’m bored. I don’t have _____________________ to do.
3. Tom lives ________________ near Toronto.
4. I’m looking for my glasses. I can’t find them _________________.
5. ’What did you have to eat?’ ’________________. I wasn’t hungry. ’
6. I don’t like this place. There’s _____________ to go.
7. Let’s have dinner. _________________ is hungry.
8. I want _______________ to read. I’m going to buy a magazine.
9. The house is empty. _________________ lives there.
10. You’re right. _______________ you say is true.
11. ’Do you know ______________ in Tokyo?’ ’Yes, I have a few friends there.’
12.______________ broke the window.

Complete the sentences. Choose one of the words in the box

1. You can have a shower. There’s ________________ in the bathroom.

2. Jack has a bad memory. He can’t remember __________________.
3. Their house is full of books. There are books __________________.
4. ’What’s in that suitcase?’ ’_______________ It’s empty. ’
5. Stay at home. Don’t go __________________.
6. Do you have ________________ you need?
7. Dan has gone ______________. He didn’t tell anyone where he was going.
 8. The tank is almost empty. There’s _______________ a station near here.
9. ’What’s wrong?’ ’I have __________________ in my eye.’
10. Tim doesn’t have _________________ to help him.
11. ’Do you know Bob?’ ’Yes, __________________ knows him. ’
12.There’s ______________ at the door. Can you go and see who it is?

~ Revision 1~
SUBJECT : Pronouns
A) Fill in the blanks with MY, YOUR, HIS, HER, ITS, OUR, YOUR, THEIR:
1. This is Tim. ………………. car is very fast.
2. Jane and I are in the garden. …………… books are in the classroom.
3. Are you a driver? Where is …………… car?
4. I am a driver. This is ……………. car.
5. She is my friend. …………. name is Meltem.
6. These are Mr. and Mrs. Brown. That’s ………….. house.
7. Look at that cat. …………… eyes are green.
8. Your friend and you are sad today. What’s ……………… problem?
9. That’s Mr. Green. He is driving …………… car.
10. Ali’s and Can’s bags are heavy. …………… bags are full.
11. Gokce and Meltem are listening to pop music. …………….. mother is cooking in the
kitchen.
12. The dog is eating a bone. ………….. teeth are very sharp.
13. Are you and your sister ready? …………… friend is waiting for you in the car.
14. A: What’s ………….. job?
B: I’m a mechanic.
15. Madonna is a famous singer. …………… new records are great.
16. Robert has got a dog. ………………. name is Bingo.
17. We have got a new house in İzmir. ……………. new house is very large.
18. The boys are riding ……………….. bicycles in the garden.
19. Ayşegul is going to school. …………….. school is very far.
20. Sue and Mary are wearing ear-rings. ………………. ear-rings are silver.
B) Rewrite these sentences using HE, SHE, IT, THEY, WE, HIS, HER, THEIR, OUR, ITS:
1. Jane’s father is very thin.
…………………………………………………………………………..
2. Men’s trousers are very expensive.
…………………………………………………………………………..
3. Jim’s shirt is very long.
………………………………………………………………………….
4. Is your brother a businessman?
………………………………………………………………………….
5. My mother and I would like some tea.
………………………………………………………………………….
6. These are Ayşe’s and my books.
…………………………………………………………………………
7. Mrs. Brown’s daughters are in the garden.
…………………………………………………………………………
8. Where is Gökçe’s mother?
…………………………………………………………………………
9. My father’s car is blue.
…………………………………………………………………………
10.That rabbit is grey. The rabbit’s ears are long.
………………………………………………………………………….
11.The students’ books are in the classroom.
………………………………………………………………………….
12.This is Mrs. Brown’s coat, but these are the children’s coats.
………………………………………………………………………….
C. Rewrite the underlined words using MINE, YOURS, HIS, HERS, OURS, THEIRS:
1. This is Ayşe’s coat.
…………………………………………………………………………
2. It is my chocolate. Don’t eat!
…………………………………………………………………………
3. That red book is not Can’s book. His book is blue.
…………………………………………………………………………
4. A: Look at these keys. Are they our keys?
………………………………………………………………………
B: No, they are not your keys. They are my mother’s keys.
……………………………………………………………………..
5. A: Are those your glasses or my glasses on the table?
…………………………………………………………………….
B: I think, they are your glasses. My glasses aren’t on the table. They are in my bag.
…………………………………………………………………….
D. Fill in the blanks using MINE, YOURS, HIS, HERS, OURS, THEIRS:
1. A: Is this John’s tie?
B: Yes, it is ………….. .
2. My umbrella isn’t black. ……………. is grey.
3. There is a car near your house. Is it …………….. ?
4. That green shirt isn’t Ayşe’s. ………………. is blue.
5. Pass this ball to us. It is …………… .
6. They don’t like sandwiches. These sandwiches are not …………….. .
7. Don’t take these keys. They are not …………….. .
8. A: There is a pair of brown gloves here. Are they your gloves or my gloves?
B: I haven’t got brown gloves. They aren’t ………………. , they are ……………… .
9. A: Is their house old?
B: No, ……………… is very old.
10. Can I take your pen? …………….. is at home.
E. Fill in the blanks with ME, YOU, HIM, HER, THEM, US, IT:
1. We are playing in the garden and Jim is playing with …………….. .
2. Are the lights on? Turn ……………. off!
3. Where is my book? I’m looking for ……………… .
4. She is very tired. Help …………….. .
5. I’m very thirsty. Give ……………. a glass of water.
6. This is Ahmet’s pen. Give it to …………… .
7. Look at …………… . Are they your friends?
8. Are you John Brown? There is a letter for …………. .
F. Fill in the blanks with MY, YOUR, HIS, HER, ITS, OUR, THEIR, ME, YOU, HIM,
HER, IT, US, THEM, MINE, YOURS, HERS, HIS, OURS, THEIRS where necessary:
1. Is that Jim’s tie? Show …………… this tie.
2. There is a pen on the table. Give ………….. to me.
3. Pass these books to your friends. They are ………….. .
4. A: Is this my umbrella?
B: No, it isn’t ………….. umbrella. …………. is on the table.
5. Gokce and I are in the classroom. ……………. bags are under the desk over there. Could
you bring ………….. to ………….. ?
6. Mr. and Mrs. Brown are at the door. This is …………. key. Please give ………… to
…………. .
7. A: Have you got a green pullover?
B: No, …………….. isn’t green. It’s blue.
8. Look at that man. ………….. name is John Brown. This passport is ……………. . Give
……………. to ……………. .
G. Rewrite the underlined parts using ME, HIM, HER, THEM, US, IT:
1. There are some books on the desk. Look at these books.
……………………………………………………………………………
2. She is turning the radio on.
……………………………………………………………………………
3. The teacher is asking Jane a question.
……………………………………………………………………………
4. Take your shoes off.
……………………………………………………………………………
5. The man is looking at Ali and me.
……………………………………………………………………………
6. Jim is giving his father some tea.
……………………………………………………………………………
7. This is the dog’s meat. Give the meat to the dog.
……………………………………………………………………………
8. Is Tom eating any oranges?
……………………………………………………………………………
9. Give the milk to that cat.
……………………………………………………………………………
10. Could you pass the salt to your mother?
……………………………………………………………………………
H) Complete the passage. Use appropriate pronouns
my your his her its our their his

Hello. …………… name is Patrick. I’m nine. I have got a brother. His name is Andy and he’s
eleven. We are on holiday in Spain. The hotel is very good and …………. swimming-pool is
large.
Andy and I have got a sister. ……….. name is Liz. She’s six years old. …………. mother and
father are in the restaurant now. Their friends, Mr. and Mrs. Bolton, are in the restaurant, too.
…………. two sons are in the pool.
Andy has got a girl-friend. …………… girl-friend’s name is Sandra. She’s in …………… class
at school.
Where is your family? Is ……………. family here, too?
I) Choose the correct answers:
1. We / Us met Sally yesterday afternoon. She / Her came to the cinema with we / us.
2. I phoned Sarah last night and gave she / her the message.
3. My brother is older than I / me, but he / him isn’t as tall as I / me am.
4. “Who wants a cup of coffee?” “I / Me.”
5. A: Have you seen Simon today?”
B: Yes. I / Me saw he / him this morning. He / Him was going to the swimming pool.
6. A: What did those people want?
B: They / Them asked I / me to help they / them.
J) Choose the correct answers:
1. We know their / theirs telephone number, but they don’t know our / ours.
2. My / Mine car wasn’t as expensive as her / hers.
3. A: How are your / yours children?
B: Fine, thanks. How are your / yours?
4. Maria has got her / hers suitcase, but her / hers friends haven’t got their / theirs.
5. Our / Ours flat isn’t as big as their / theirs, but our / ours is much more comfortable.
6. Have you seen my / mine coat?
K) Complete the sentences using MYSELF, YOURSELF, HIMSELF, HERSELF, ITSELF,
OURSELVES, YOURSELVES, THEMSELVES:
1. Sue’s children are too young to look after ………………………………. .
2. An elephant hurt ……………………… when it tried to get out of the zoo yesterday.
3. I couldn’t borrow my mother’s car last night because she was using it ……………… .
4. I don’t need any help. I can take care of ………………………. .
5. Mr. Woods fell over and hurt …………………….. when he was running for a bus.
6. Would you all like to help …………………………… to sandwiches and cakes?
7. Sarah and I didn’t really enjoy ……………………………. at the disco last night.
8. I taught ……………………….. to play the guitar; I’ve never had lessons.
L) Complete each sentence using BY + A REFLEXIVE PRONOUN:
1. A: Who did you go to the cinema with?
B: Nobody, I went ………………………………………….. .
2. Since the old lady’s husband died, she’s been living …………………………………… .
3. Did someone help you move all the furniture, or did you do it all ……………………… ?
4. They need some help; they can’t manage …………………………………………… .
5. The dog opened the door ………………………………………. .
Linda ………………………………………………………………………__
 PRONOUNS FOLLOW UP
A.
1. I didn't buy ---- in the end. 6. If ---- had called, they would have left a
A) nothing message.
B) something A) anybody
C) everybody B) nobody
D) anything C) everybody
2. It's not good if everyone ---- to get ---- D) no one
own license. 7. No one can find Alice and David ----.
A) wants / their A) everywhere
B) want / their B) somewhere
C) wants / theirs C) anywhere
D) want / theirs D) nowhere
3. He was an only child, so he had to learn 8. Despite her father's complaints, she
how to amuse ----. decided to live ---- in Canada.
A) himself A) herself
B) him B) of her own
C) anybody C) by herself
D) each other D) her
4. They always defend ----. If you blame 9. The music in the house was so loud that
one, the other will spring to her aid. everybody had to shout to make ---- heard.
A) themselves A) herself
B) one another B) oneself
C) him C) themselves
D) them D) them
5. He claimed to be an expert, but he knew 10. There was ---- to help me so I had to do
almost ---- about it. all the cleaning myself.
A) everything A) anybody
B) nothing B) no one
C) anything C) somebody
D) something D) everyone
B
1. Tom had had enough of school, ---- is 3. In areas ---- many elderly live alone, the
why he decided to join the Marines. police may visit their homes to make sure
A) that they are all right.
B) what A) that
C) whom B) which
D) where C) whose
E) which D) whom
2. If you are planning to drive a long E) where
distance, you should drive during the time of 4. Canada is one of the few forested nations
the day ---- you are normally awake. ---- forests are mostly public property.
A) which A) which
B) whom B) that
C) when C) whom
D) whose D) whose
E) who E) who
5. In 1851,---- an international tournament 8. Jack London, ---- works deal romantically
was organized by the great English player with the overwhelming power of nature and
Howard Staunton, the modern competitive the struggle for survival, was a prolific
age of chess began in London. American novelist and short story writer.
A) that A) which
B) when B) whose
C) which C) where
D) where D) what
E) whose E) who
6. I have always found that it's helpful to 9. Parents can learn to create an environment
have a few wise and trusted people to ---- ---- their child can grow and thrive in a more
you can turn for information and advice. resourceful and less stressful manner.
A) whom A) which
B) that B) what
C) whose C) where
D) who D) that
E) which E) whose
7. While starting your own business the first 10. Many foods ---- we consume today are
principle is to select people ---- you have all military creations and were first designed
trust and confidence. for soldiers.
A) on which A) that
B) whose B) of which
C) in whom C) where
D) where D) when
E) of which E) at which
 PRESENT PERFECT

A) Write a suitable sentence using the PRESENT PERFECT TENSE :

1. Ann’s hair was dirty. Now it’s clean. (wash) ……... Ann has washed her hair…………
2. Tom was 80 kg. Now he’s 70. (lose weight) ……………………………………………..
3. Bill played football yesterday. Now he can’t walk; his leg is in plaster. (break)
4. My sister is looking for her pen. (lose) ……………………………………………………
5. Mary is on holiday in France. (go) ………………………………………………………..
6. Mr. Hill was in Canada last week. He’s back in London now. (be) ………………………
7. Look! Mrs. Smith has got a lot of packages. (buy) ……………………………………….
8. I can’t eat anything now. (eat too much) ………………………………………………….
9. Mrs. Jenkins is very tired. (clean / house) …………………………………………………
10. Tony needs a holiday. (work / hard / this year) ……………………………………………

B) Use PRESENT PERFECT TENSE after BECAUSE:

Example: She can’t go to the party. (catch a cold)
She can’t go to the party because she has caught a cold.
1. He can’t walk very fast. (hurt / leg)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. I can’t get in. (lose / key)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. I know this story very well. (see the film)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. I can’t post the letter. (not put / stamp / on it)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. He can’t stand up. (eat too much)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. They can’t go on holiday. (not save / money)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. I know him. (meet him before)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. We don’t know how he is. (not hear from him)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. He won’t take a cigarette. (give up smoking)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. She can’t get in. (he / lock the door)
………………………………………………………………………………………………

C) Follow the example and do the same using ALREADY:

Example: Bring the milk in, please.
- I have ALREADY brought it in.
1. You must find the tickets soon. ………………………………………………………...
2. Turn the radio down, please. …………………………………………………………
3. Tidy your room. ………………………………………………………..
4. Could you post the letters, please? …………………………………………………………
5. Why don’t you see a doctor? ………………………………………………………...
6. You have a bad cough. I think you should stop smoking.
7. Why don’t you clean your shoes? ………………………………………………………..
8. Brush your teeth, will you? ………………………………………………………..
9. We have guests today. Shall we make a cake?
10. We should invite Mary to the party. ………………………………………………………

D) Follow the example and do the same using YET:

Example: She has been in the shop. (buy anything)
- She has been in the shop but she hasn’t bought anything YET.
1. I’ve written to them three times. (not reply)
……………………………………………………………………………………………...
2. I’ve asked you again and again. (not do it)
……………………………………………………………………………………………...
3. I lent him $10 last month. (not give it back)
……………………………………………………………………………………………...
4. He lost his pen a week ago. (not find it)
……………………………………………………………………………………………...
5. He borrowed my book last year. (not give it back)
……………………………………………………………………………………………...
6. She went to New York six months ago. (not return)
……………………………………………………………………………………………...
7. She gave me $2 a week ago. (not return it)
……………………………………………………………………………………………...
8. I finished reading my library books a long time ago. (not change them)
……………………………………………………………………………………………...
9. She went to the bus-stop half an hour ago. (the bus / not come)
……………………………………………………………………………………………...
10. He’s still studying that lesson. (not learn it)
……………………………………………………………………………………………...

D*) Fill in the blanks with ALREADY or YET:

1. He hasn’t called us ……………………………… .
2. They have ………………………………… sent the letter.
3. John has ……………………………… bought the tickets for the football match.
4. We have ……………………………….. been to Mexico three times.
5. You haven’t visited Tokyo ………………………………… .
6. Has John bought a new car ………………………………….. ?
7. The plane has …………………………… left.
8. Has she done it …………………………….. ? No, not …………………………. .
9. A: Haven’t they arrived ………………………………. ?
B: Oh, yes. They have ………………………………… arrived.
10. Hurry up! The class has ……………………………… started.
11. Be careful! They have ………………………………… painted the door.
12. Haven’t you read the book ………………………………. ?

E) Put the verbs in the correct tense. Use the SIMPLE PAST or the PRESENT PERFECT:
1. ……………………….. Tim ………………………. (finish) his work yet?
2. ……………………….. he ………………………… (finish) it yesterday?
3. They ……………………………………. (just / go) out.
4. They ……………………………… (go) out a minute ago.
5. …………………… Ann …………………………. (study) yesterday afternoon?
6. …………………… you …………………………. (send) the letters yet?
7. …………………… she ………………………….. (call) him a week ago?
8. They ………………………………………. (not / see) the film yet.
9. The train ……………………………………………… (just / arrive).
10. ………………………. you ……………………………. (ever / be) in a TV studio?
11. …………………… you and Tom ………………………… (enjoy) the party last night?
12. …………………… you ………………………………. (not / finish) school last year?
13. I ………………………………………. (lose) my dictionary. I can’t find it anywhere.
14. His hair looks short. He ………………………………………….. (have) a haircut.
15. When ………………………………………………. (he / give up) smoking?
16. Jane …………………………………….. (buy) her car two weeks ago.
17. My bicycle isn’t here. Somebody ……………………………………………. (take) it.
18. Why ……………………………………… (Jim / not want) to play tennis last Friday?
19. The car looks clean. ……………………….. you ……………………….. (wash) it?
20. When we were on holiday, the weather …………………………… (be) terrible.

F
) Rewrite the following sentences twice, using SINCE and FOR:
Example: I haven’t seen you. (Christmas / 3 days)
a) I haven’t seen you SINCE Christmas.
b) I haven’t seen you FOR 3 days.
1. We’ve been here. (an hour / 4 o’clock)
a) …………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………
2. She hasn’t spoken to me. (2 weeks / last week)
a) …………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………
3. They’ve lived in this street. (1970 / a long time)
a) …………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………
4. I haven’t had time to do it. (last Monday / a few days)
a) …………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………
5. We haven’t bought a new one. (ages / many years)
a) …………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………__
 PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE & CONTINUOUS
A) Use PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE to fill in the blanks:
1. I’m tired, because I …… have been working ………. (work) very hard.
2. He ………………………………………… (write) letters all morning.
3. Catherina is getting fatter because she …………………………………… (eat) too much.
4. My mother ………………………………………….. (peel) the potatoes all afternoon.
5. Cathy …………………………………………… (attend) a cookery course since March.
6. How long …………… you ………………………………………….. (learn) English?
7. Where are my eye-glasses? I …………………………………………….. (look) for them
for an hour.
8. Charles ………………………………………………. (escape) from the police for years.
9. How long …………… you ………………………………………… (use) a computer?
10. Elizabeth ………………………………………….. (live) with Mike for three years.
11. She ………………………………………………. (earn) quite a lot of money for the last
two years.
12. It …………………………………………………. (rain) for six hours.
B) Use PRESENT PERFECT TENSE or PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
to fill in the blanks:
1. I’ve bought / have been buying a new pair of shoes.
2. Have you finished / Have you been finishing reading that book yet?
3. They’ve eaten / have been eating fruit all afternoon, ever since they came from school.
4. I’ve been reading / have read this book now, so you can have it back.
5. I’ve been writing / have written eight pages already.
6. Your exam paper is completely blank! What have you been doing / have you done?
7. Oh, no! There’s nothing to eat. My sister has been eating / has eaten everything I left in
the kitchen.
8. Oh, no! There’s no wine to drink. They have drunk / have been drinking all the wine.
9. No wonder your eyes hurt. You’ve been playing / have played computer games ever since
you had your breakfast.
10. I haven’t seen / haven’t been seeing you for ages.
11. God! Hakan has scored / has been scoring.
12. They have danced / have been dancing for an hour.
13. I have been waiting / have waited for you for ages.
14. I’ve finished / ‘ve been finishing my work.
15. I’ve been writing / have written this letter for an hour.
16. He has visited / has been visiting ten museums this week.
17. I’m very tired. Because I have travelled / have been travelling around Istanbul all day.
18. She has found / has been finding a good job.
19. I’m hot because I have been running / have run.
20. I have written / have been writing letters for weeks.

SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

PRESENT PERFECT vs. PRESENT PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
A) Use THE SIMPLE PAST or THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE to fill in the blanks:
1. What ………………………………………… (you / learn) since you …………………….
(come) here? How many friends ………………………………………. (you / make)? I
hope you ……………………………………... (already / meet) a lot of interesting people.
2. Last night my roommate and I ……………………….. (have) some free time, so we
………………………….. (go) to a show.
3. I ………………………………….. (just / have) lunch, but I ………………………………
(not / have) lunch yesterday.
4. Who …………………………………. (write) the play “Hamlet”?
5. How many games …………………………………… (the team / win) so far this season?
6. I don’t know Carol’s husband. I ………………………………………. (never / meet) him.
7. It ………………………………… (rain) a lot last week, but it ……………………………
(not / rain) much so far this week.
8. How many letters ……………………………………….. (you / write) since the beginning
of the month?
9. When we were on vacation, the weather ……………………………… (be) terrible.
10. In her whole lifetime, Mary …………………………………………… (never / see) snow.
11. I don’t know where Ammy is. ………………………………………….(you / see) her?
12. When I ……………………………. (get) home last night, I ……………………….. (be)
very tired and I …………………………… (go) straight to bed.
13. Your car looks very clean. ……………………………………. (you / wash) it?
14. George …………………………………….. (not / be) very well last week.
15. Mr. Clark …………………………… (work) in a bank for 15 years. Then he gave it up.
B) Use PRESENT PERFECT TENSE or PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
to fill in the blanks:
1. I’m trying to study. I …………………………………………….. (try) to study for the last
hour, but something always seems to interrupt me. I think I’d better go to the library.
2. The children are playing basketball right now. They ………………………………………
(play) for almost two hours. They must be getting tired.
3. The telephone …………………………………………… (ring) four times in the last
hour, and each time it has been for my roommate.
4. The telephone …………………………………………… (ring) for almost a minute. Why
doesn’t someone answer it?
5. It ……………………………………………….. (rain) all day. I wonder when it will stop.
6. We ………………………………………… (have) three accidents so far this week. I
wonder how many more we will have if you keep using the tools carelessly.
7. We ……………………………………………………. (live) here since last June.
8. My little son is dirty from head to foot because he ………………………………………
(play) in the mud.
9. What’s the matter? Your eyes are red and puffy. I hope you ………………………………
(not / cry). Oh, now I understand. You …………………………………………….. (peel)
some onions.
10. Hello, Rob. I’m happy to see you again. I ………………………………………………..
(not / see) you for weeks. What ……………………. you …………………………… (do)
lately?
11. I …………………………………………………. (not / be) able to reach my boss on the
phone yet. I ………………………………………………………. (try) for the last twenty
minutes, but the line ……………………………………..(be) busy.
12. We …………………………………………. (have) three major snowstorms so far this
winter. I wonder how many more we will have.
13. I ………………………………………………… (write) them three times, but I still
haven’t received a reply.
14. A: Dr. Harrison is a good teacher. How long ……………… he ……………………. (be)
at the university?
B: He ………………………………………… (teach) here for almost 25 years.
15. A: What are you going to order for dinner?
B: Well, I ……………………………………………… (have / not) pizza. So I think, I’ll
order that.
16. My uncle …………………………………………………. (paint) the outside of his house
for three weeks and he’s still not finished.
17. The Smiths are presently in Tunisia. They ………………………………………. (travel)
throughout North Africa since the middle of May. They’ll return home in another month.
C) Use THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE or THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
to fill in the blanks:
1. I’m tired. We ………………………………………………. (walk) for over an hour. Let’s
stop and rest for a while.
2. The zoo isn’t far from here. I ………………………………………………… (walk) there
many times.
3. I …………………………………………………. (write) my friends at least a dozen
letters since I left home and come home.
4. Sally is writing a letter to her boyfriend. She ……………………………………….
(write) it since she got home from class. It’s going to be a long letter.
5. The telephone …………………………………………….. (ring) four times in the last
hour, and each time it has been for my roommate.
6. The telephone ……………………………………………… (ring) for almost a minute.
Why doesn’t someone answer it?
7. She is 80 and she ………………………………………… (never / read) a book in her life.
8. The secretary is very tired. She ………………………………………………… (type) all
morning.
9. Tom is reading a book. He started two hours ago and he is on page 53. He
……………………………………….. (read) for two hours.
10. Hello! I …………………………………………… (clean) the windows. So far I
………………………………………… (clean) five of them and there are two more to do.
11. My grandfather ……………………… (die) 30 years ago. I ……………………………..
…………………. (never / meet) him.
12. A: Is your father at home?
B: No, I’m afraid he ……………………………………………… (go) out.
A: When exactly ………………………………………………… (he / go) out?
B: About ten minutes ago.
D) Use THE SIMPLE PAST or THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE to fill in the blanks:
1. The young man ……………………………… (never / be) to Paris, but he ……………..
(read) a book about this city last year.
2. …………………… you …………………… (decide) where to go yet?
3. A: Have some tea, please.
B: No, thank you. I …………………………………. (just / have) two cups of tea.
4. Susan …………………………. (do) her homework before 10 o’clock but Jane ………….
……………….. (not /write) a word until now.
5. Her mother ………………………………… (buy) her a pair of new shoes yesterday.
6. The Prime Minister …………………………. (leave) for the USA an hour ago.
7. A: …………….. the plane ……………………. (land)?
B: Yes, it ………………………… (land) ten minutes ago.
8. It ………………………………. (not / rain) for a long time.
9. ……………… you ……………… (see) my dog? It ………………………… (run away)
this morning.
10. We …………………………. (meet) at a party a long time ago, but I ……………………..
(not / see) her since then.
11. I ………………………… (see) an interesting book in a bookshop yesterday, but I
…………………………… (not / buy) it.
12. My friend …………………………… (fall) from the bicycle because he ……………….…
(not / ride) one for ages.
13. His father ………………………………… (die) in 1970, but he …………………………..
(never / visit) his father’s grave since that time.
14. They …………………… (go) to America years ago, but none of them …………………...
(come) back since then.
15. A: …………….. you ……………….. (speak) to an Englishman?
B: Yes, I …………………….. (have) a short conversation with one last night.
16. A: ………………. you ever ………………….. (be) to Tatilya?
B: Yes, I ………………………. (go) there two years ago.
17. A: ………………. you ……………….. (see) Jane recently?
B: No, I ……………………………. (see) her for a long time.
 TENSE FOLLOW UP
A. Choose the present perfect or past simple:
1. I _________________ (see) three police cars this morning (it’s still morning).
2. After he _________________ (arrive) home, he _________________ (unpack) and
_________________ (go) to bed early.
3. A: What’s wrong? B: I _________________ (break) a glass!
4. My grandparents only _________________ (know) each other for a few months before they
_________________ (get) married.
5. I _________________ (be) in London for three years. I love it here.
6. We _________________ (see) Julie last night.
7. He _________________ (be) a teacher before he _________________ (become) a musician.
8. When the boss _________________ (walk) into the room, we _________________ (know) someone
was going to get fired.
9. The children _________________ (break) a window in the school last week.
10. He _________________ (see) that film last year.
11. Lucy _________________ (break) her leg, so she can’t come skiing.
12. Julie _________________ (arrive)! Come and say hello!
13. They _________________ (be) cold when they _________________ (arrive) home.
14. Jack _________________ (break) his arm when he _________________ (fall) off a horse in 2005.
15. I _________________ (know) about the problem for months, but I _________________ (not / find) a
solution yet.
16. A: When _________________ (you / arrive)? B: At 10pm last night.
17. She _________________ (be) a teacher for ten years, and she still enjoys it.
18. How long _________________ (you / know) Jill? I know you see her often.
19. I _________________ (see) the sea before.
20. A: Hello B: Hi Mum, it’s me. I just wanted to say I _________________ (arrive) safely and
everything is fine.
Q1 - He ..... there when he was a child have finished
has lived finished
lived Q9 - Look- someone ....... their handbag in the
Q2 - I ........ her since last year room
haven't seen left
didn't see has left
Q3 - They ......... a few minutes ago Q10 - ............ to Rome?
left Did you ever go
have left Have you ever been
Q4 - She .......... unemployed since she left Q11 - I can't get into my house because I ........
school my keys
has not been lost
was not have lost
Q5 - They ....... the contract last week Q12 - Nobody ....... the phone when it rang
finalised answered
have finalised has answered
Q6 - The film .......... yet Q13 - I ......... up smoking last year
hasn't started gave
didn't start have given
Q7 - She ........ ill since Thursday Q14 - You can't see her because she ......... home
was has gone
has been went
Q8 - I ........ the project last night Q15 - ............... to the United States?
Did you ever go Q31 - This is the first time I ........ here
Have you ever been have been
Q16 - I never ......... my grandmother as she died was
before I was born Q32 - I ....... them since my schooldays
knew have known
have known knew
Q17 - It's the first time I ........ caviar Q33 - He ......... yet
ate hasn't arrived
have eaten didn't arrive
Q18 - The first time we ......... was just the other Q34 - They ........... the contract yet
day didn't sign
spoke haven't signed
have spoken Q35 - The newspaper ......... very successful
Q19 - It stinks in here; someone ........... smoking lately
was hasn't been
has been wasn't
Q20 - He's in hospital because he ............. leg Q36 - He ...... during the war
has broken his died
broke his has died
Q21 - I've known her since we ......... at school Q37 - I ......... breakfast before leaving home this
together morning
were haven't had
have been didn't have
Q22 - It's ages since we ........ Q38 - I ....... a taxi so I came on the bus
spoke haven't found
have spoken didn't find
Q23 - It's been ages since we ........ from Dave Q39 - John's nervous because he .......... such a
have heard difficult test before
heard has never taken
Q24 - The last time I saw Fran ........ ages ago never took
was Q40 - My stereo ....... working last night
has been stopped
Q25 - I ........ from her lately has stopped
haven't heard Q41 - Two people ....... at the game on Saturday
didn't hear were arrested
Q26 - I just ........ the time to go to the cinema have been arrested
recently Q42 - I .......... a holiday for ages
didn't have didn't have
haven't had haven't had
Q27 - I ........ just Meg and Brian at the party Q43 - We ....... out on Saturday night
have seen haven't gone
saw didn't go
Q28 - I ........ busy for the past fortnight Q44 - I ....... it last week
was bought
have been have bought
Q29 - She ......... away for the last two weeks Q45 - She hasn't ........ here for ages
has been been
was gone
Q30 - ......... to the concert on Friday? Q46 - I .......... to water-ski in 1993
Did you go learnt
Have you been have learnt
 Q47 - She ....... an absolute fortune last year Q50 - I ...... the dog for a walk because it was
has earned raining
earned haven't taken
Q48 - The weather ....... dreadful for the whole didn't take
two weeks we were there Q51 - I ........... the exam in time yesterday
was only just finished
has been have only just finished
Q49 - No one ...... to do it yet Q52 - The weather ..... dreadful at the weekend
has managed has been
managed was
B. Present Perfect Simple or Present Perfect Continuous
1. ___________________ (you / buy) your train ticket yet?
2. The kitchen is a complete mess! What ___________________ (the children / do)?
3. Julie ___________________ (learn) to drive for six years!
4. Amanda ___________________ (already / have) lunch, so she’ll meet us later.
5. How much coffee ___________________ (she / drink) this morning?
6. Simon ___________________ (write) three books.
7. I ___________________ (do) everything I needed to do today! Hurray!
8. It ___________________ (not / rain) all summer, so the garden is dead.
9. I ___________________ (read) your book. Here it is, thank you.
10. She ___________________ (forget) how to get to my house.
11. I ___________________ (work) in the garden all day and I need a rest.
12. She ___________________ (make) three cakes. They look delicious!
13. David feels great these days. He ___________________ (get) up early lately.
14. We ___________________ (always / hate) rush hour traffic.
15. Recently, I ___________________ (study) a lot. My exams are in a few weeks. 16. We
___________________ (write) this book for months and months.
17. I ___________________ (always / love) chocolate.
18. I ___________________ (want) to go back to university for a long time.
19. What’s that delicious smell? ___________________ (you / cook)?
20. I ___________________ (watch) seven films this week!
C. Present Simple & Present Continuous
Match the statements.(A to J) with (1 to 10)
A. What do you do? 1. Actually, that's the radio.
B. What are you doing? 2. I'm trying to fix this machine.
C. Where do you work? 3. I'm a journalist for The Times.
D. Does your brother play the guitar? 4. I'm in Portsmouth this month.
E. Where are you working? 5. In an international company in Brighton.
F. Is your daughter playing the piano? 6. It sounds like Spanish to me!
G. What language does she speak? 7. Me - Can I have some more?
H. What language is she speaking? 8. Spanish, she's from Barcelona.
I. Who drinks Champagne? 9. I would like to, but it's too expensive!
J. Who's drinking Champagne? 10. No, the piano.

Choose the best answer.

1. Gareth thinks / is thinking about his ex-girlfriend all the time.
2. Where do you go / are you going tomorrow?
3. Sandra is not liking / doesn't like milk in her tea.
4. My neighbour plays / is playing tennis twice a week.
5. Is your husband listening / Does your husband listen to the radio when he gets up?
6. I'm so tired I want / 'm wanting to go to bed right now.
7. What are you doing ? I 'm opening / open the windows.
8. What does she do ? She works / She's working as a nurse in a hospital in London.
9. Where is the teacher? Don't worry, he's coming / he comes .
10. I work / 'm working late most Mondays.

Use the right tense: Present Simple or Present Continuous.

A Trekking Journal
November 12th, 2006
Today is the second day of my trek around Mount Annapurna. I am exhausted and my legs
_______________ (shake); I just hope I am able to complete the trek. My feet _______________ (hurt)
me and my toes _______________ (bleed), but I _______________ (want) to continue. Nepal is a
fascinating country, but I have so much to learn. Everything is so different, and I _______________ (try)
to adapt to the new way of life here. I _______________ (learn) a little bit of the language to make
communication easier; unfortunately, I _______________ (not learn) foreign languages quickly. Although
I _______________ (not understand) much yet, I believe that I _______________ (improve). Now, I
_______________ (travel) with David, a student from York University. He is a nice guy, but impatient.
He always _______________ (walk) ahead of me and _______________ (complain) that I am too slow. I
_______________ (do) my best to keep up with him, but he is younger and stronger than me. Right now,
David _______________ (sit) with the owner of the inn. They _______________ (discuss) the
differences between life in England and life in Nepal. I_______________ (not know) the real name of the
owner, but everybody calls him Tam. Tam _______________ (speak) English very well and he
_______________ (try) to teach David some words in Nepali. Every time Tam _______________ (say) a
new word, David _______________ (try) to repeat it. Unfortunately, David also seems to have difficulty
learning foreign languages....

45
 THE PLURAL OF NOUNS
A. Fill in the correct form of the nouns:
1. When I came home from school my mother was in the garden with three _________ (woman).
2. I think my neighbors have two ___________ (child).
3. I lost two ________ (tooth) during my stay in Africa.
4. I have a big family with many ________ (member) living in the USA.
5. He has two pairs of __________ (glasses); one pair is sunglasses.
6. He caught 10 _________ (salmon) when he went to Alaska to fish.
7. Can I have three __________ (bottle) of mineral water?
8. Do you have many _________ (rule) in your classroom?
9. I went to Canada and I took more than 2400 ____________ (photo).
10. He went to the baker’s and bought four ________ (loaf) of bread.
11. Do you want some _________ (fruit)?
12. I prefer __________ (vegetable).
13. I don’t see any _________ (man) among the audience.
14. I don’t see where the ________ (bus) leaves from.
15. Some of the ________ (kid) didn’t like ice cream so they had different ________ (type) of candy.
16. I prefer ________ (tomato) in my salad. What about you?
17. How many _________ (country) have you been to?
18. I have bought 20 ________ (napkin) for the party.
19. The ________ (lady) wore nice _________ (dress) for the party.
20. He gave her a bunch of ___________ (flower) on her birthday.
21. The _________ (boy) played with their new _________ (toy).
22. I have a lot of ____________ (homework) for Monday.
23. I need to lay the table. However, I can’t find the __________ (knife).
24. The farmer has 42 cows and 24 __________ (sheep).
25. It is a small town but it has no less than 5 ___________ (church).
26. I like most of the _____________ (player) on the Danish team.
27. More girls had dressed up as ___________ (witch).

Choose the right option:

1. I had two _____________ for lunch today. a) applees b) apple c) apples
2. I was scared because John brought 2 ___________ to school. a) knifes b) knive c)
knives
3. My favourite MacDo meal is a Big Mac with _________. a) fryes c) frys c)fries
4. In my family there are more _________ than females. a) mails b) males c) malls
5. New Zealand has a lot of ____________. a) ships b) sheeps c) sheep
6. There are many __________ here. a) flys b) flies c) flyes
7. We always have ____________ for dinner. a) potatoes b) potatos c) potato
8. We caught a lot of ___________ yesterday. a) fishes b) fishs c) fish
9. My mother is afraid of ____________ a) mice b) mouses c) mouths
10. It is only for __________. a) mans b) man c) men
11. In my class there are many ___________. a) children b) childs c) chills
12. Do you know where my __________ are? a) keyes b) keys c) keies
13. There were 12 ________ in the tray. a) egges b) egg c) eggs
14. I like ____________. They are so funny to watch. a) monkies b) monkeys c)
monkeyes
15. You have lips like ___________. a) cherryes b) cherries c) cheerys
16. It is normal to have 28 ___________. a) tooths b) teethes c) teeth
17. There are three ____________. a) dice b) die c) dices
46
18. How many ____________ did you take at the party? a) photoes b) photos c) photo
19. We bought three ________ for dinner. a) salmones b) salmon c) salmons
20. Do you know where the __________ were from? a) thieves b) thiefs d)
thiefes
21. Both my _________ are sore. a) foots b) feet c) feeds
22. Out of seventeen students three became __________.a) cheves b) chefs c) cook
23. In my class there are 9 girls and 10 _________. a) boys b) boyes c) boies
24. I love _________. They are nice when it is hot. a) tries b)trees c)threes
25. ________ are wiser than men. a) womans b) wimen c) women
26. A lot of the kids had __________. a) lice b) lices c) lies

COUNTABLE vs. UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

A. Decide whether these nouns are countable (C) or uncountable (U)

1. The children are playing in the garden.

2. I don't like milk.

3. I prefer tea.

4. Scientists say that the environment is threatened by pollution.

5. My mother uses butter to prepare cakes.

6. There are a lot of windows in our classroom.

7. We need some glue to fix this vase.

8. The waiters in this restaurant are very professional.

9. My father drinks two big glasses of water every morning.

10. The bread my mother prepares is delicious.

11. Drivers must be careful; the road is slippery.

12. Some policemen are organizing road traffic to avoid any accidents.

13. I bought three bottles of mineral water for our picnic.

14. I'd like some juice please!

15. Successful candidates will join the camp later this year.

16. A rise in oil prices is inevitable since there is more and more world demand for energy.

17. The exercises on this website are interesting.

18. Dehydrated babies must drink a lot of water.

19. Adult illiterates learn through a special government programme.

20. I met some nice people when I was walking along the beach.

47
B. In each sentence, choose the best phrase to complete the gap from the choices below (a, b, c, or
d).
1. The receptionist at the front desk gave me two _______ .a) informations b) information c) pieces of
information d) lots of information
2. My cousin is very beautiful. She has green eyes and ________ .a) long hair b) long hairs c) a long hair
d) a long length of hair
3. _________ have you got in the bank? Is it enough to buy a house?
a) How many moneys b) How many money c) How much money d) How much moneys
4. On Saturday, my friend Paul went fishing and he caught ________ .a) three fish b) three fishes c) three
items of fish d) three of fish
5. Can I borrow _______ from you? I've left mine at home and I want to write some notes. a) paper b) a
paper c) a slice of paper d) a piece of paper
6. How many ________ did the teacher give us today? He always gives us a lot to do .a) homework b)
homeworks c) a lot of homework d) pieces of homework
7. Every morning before I come to school, I spend thirty minutes doing _______ .That's how I stay so
slim. a) exercise b) an exercise c) some exercises d) some pieces of exercise
8. Your sister is a great pianist. She played ________ at the party. a) a lovely music b) some lovely musics
c) lovely musics d) a lovely piece of music

C. Fill in the gaps with some, any or a/an.

1. I’m really thirsty. I need ________ water, please.
2. I went to the library, but I couldn’t find ________ books about art.
3. Can you give me _________ coffee, please?
4. She sent ________ postcards to her friends, but she didn’t make _______ phone calls when she was in
Britain.
5. It’s very sunny but there is only _________ child playing in the street.
6. I bought __________ coffee, but I didn’t buy ________ tea or ________ papaya.
7. Have you got __________ chocolate biscuits? I’m sorry, there aren’t ____________ biscuits left.
8. “Mary, I’m afraid there isn’t __________ juice in the fridge but there’s __________ pineapple.
9. They ate ____________apples, ___________ mango, but they didn’t eat ___________ oranges.
10. A. “Would you like ___________ cheese? It’s delicious”.
B. “Ok, give me__________.”
11. Is there __________ oil in the kitchen? No, there isn’t __________, but there’s __________ butter

D. Complete with much, a lot of, any, some,

When we got to the beach, ___________ people were already there, and we couldn't find a place to sit
down. There weren’t ____________ empty spaces near the beach, but they were ______________ empty
spaces a long way from the sea. We walked along the beach for a while, but we didn't have
____________fun because we kept bumping into people. Finally, we decided to get back in the car and go
down the coast to the next beach. This was _____________ better; there were only ______________
families on the beach, so there was _______________ room to spread out our things. Because we had
eaten so _____________food in the car, all we wanted to do was lie down, and after ____________
minutes we were all dozing happily in the sun.

E. Complete with much or many and one of the following words:

children coffee experience fish fish furniture help housework luggage money news sugar things time
times wine women
1. 'How ____________ __________ are there in the picture?' 'Two. A yellow and a green one.'
2. 'How ____________ __________ have you got on you?' 'One pound twenty.'

48
3. 'How ____________ __________ are there in your choir?
.'4. 'How ____________ __________ have you received from your uncle?' 'I haven't heard from him lately.
'5. 'How ____________ __________ would you like with your rice?' 'Just a little, please.'
6. 'How ____________ __________ has he got?' 'Two. A son and a daughter.'
7. I do not have to do _________ ________. I only do the washing up
8. 'How ____________ __________ do they have?' 'Six. But they don't lay eggs.'
9. How ____________ ___________ have we got to finish the project?
10. He does not eat _________ ________. He likes only tuna.
11. The bedroom does not need _________ __________.
12. They have not caught __________ _______ from the river.
13. We don't eat as _________ ________ as they do. We usually have honey instead.
14. We do not need as __________ _________ as last time. We will basically manage alone.
15. How ___________ ________ have you been to France?
16. I have got so _________ ___________to tell you.
17. I won't take too _________ __________ with me. Only a suitcase and a handbag.
18. She does not have __________ ___________ as a nurse.
19. He had so ____________ _________that he could not sleep.
20. I don't drink much _________ ________. I prefer champagne

49
 NOUNS – follow up
A. Use the correct form of the given nouns to complete the following sentences.
language party fun vegetable information
fruit money hair advice sleeve
1. We can buy fresh _______________ from the supermarket.
2. Mrs. Lee went to the travel agent for some _______________ about the tour to Japan.
3. I can’t wear this shirt. The _______________ are too long.
4. How many _______________ does Jenny speak?
5. Miss Ng spends a lot of _______________ on clothes.
6. I don’t know what to do. Please give me some _______________.
7. Karen has beautiful _______________.
8. We had a lot of _______________ at the party last night.
9. Susan enjoys going to _______________.
10. Alan eats a lot of _______________.

B. Choose the correct answer.

1. She burst into _______________ (tear/ tears) when she heard the bad news.
2. Peter and Jack shake _______________ (hand/ hands) and become friends again.
3. She can’t see what is written on the blackboard without her contact _______________ (len/ lens)
4. The two sisters took _______________ (turn/ turns) at sitting up with their sick mother.
5. Quite a number of _______________ (DJ/ DJs) have extended their careers to singing.
6. If you want to get well, you should take the doctor’s _______________ (advice/ advices).
7. Mary never does her _______________ (homework/ homeworks)
8. Johnny has lost his _______________ (luggage/ luggages).
9. The factory workers stopped working and took (a rest/ rest).
10. The children sat on the _______________ (grass/ grasses).

C. Charles is making an omelet for the first time. He asks his wife Alice who is watching TV. Fill in
the gaps with some or any:
Charles: Alice! Have we got ____________ eggs?
Alice: Yes, there are ____________ in the cupboard.
Charles: Have we got ______________ cheese?
Alice: Yes, there’s ____________ in the fridge.
Charles: Can I use ___________ olive oil?
Alice: Yes, of course.
Charles: I need ____________ tomatoes.
Alice: We haven’t got _____________. Charles, would you like ___________ help?
Charles: No, thanks, I’m OK.

D. Fill in the gaps with some or any:

Tom: Let’s go for a picnic in the park.
Sarah: OK. We’ll make _________ sandwiches. What do we need?
Tom: We haven’t got ___________ bread. Can you buy ________?
Sarah: Yes, sure. What about butter?
Tom: We’ve got __________. I’ll buy _________cheese.
Sarah: OK, and is there __________ orange juice in the fridge?
Tom: No, I’ll get __________.
50
Sarah: Good. Do we need ___________ apples or cherries?
Tom: Just ___________ apples.
Sarah: Oh dear! I haven’t got ___________ money to buy the bread!
Tom: Don’t worry. I’ll lend you _____________.

E. Cross out a/an if it is wrong and substitute it with some. If it is correct, put a tick ˅
1. Can you give me an ____________ information, please?
2. I bought a ____________ suitcase yesterday.
3. We need a ____________money for the cinema.
4. He’s eating a ____________ bread.
5. I’d like a _____________ advice about my future.
6. We stopped at the filling station to get a ___________ petrol.
7. I really need a _____________ holiday.
8. Can you give me a ___________water, please? I’m thirsty.
9. Can you pass me a ____________ newspaper?
10. Do you want an ___________ apple?

F. Complete the sentences with

how many, how much, a lot of, enough, too many, too much, not much, not many.
1. A. _______________ sugar is there?
B. There is ____________ to make the cake, Mary.
2. I have got _____________money to buy a ticket for the concert.
3. I’ve got some rice, but _______________.
4. A. Have they got ____________ time to practice sport?
B. Yes, but ______________.
5. A. _______________ exercises do you have to do, Charles?
B. ______________, I think.
6. Don’t buy any potatoes, we’ve got ________________ potatoes left.
7. Peter has got some friends, but ________________.
8. _______________ people are there in the classroom?
9. Are there ________________ people to play a football match?
10. ________________ eggs do you need to make the omelet?
11. There were __________________people at the party, it was fantastic.
12. A. ________________ chocolate do you eat?
B. I think I eat _____________, but I’m afraid I’m a chocoholic.
13. She ate _________________ chocolates, so she’s got a stomach ache.

G Choose the right option

1. Is there __________ cheese left? C. A few
A. Any 4. Excuse me. I need ________ information
B. The about the trains to Guadalajara
C. Some A. Any
2. To make a pancake, you need ________ eggs B. A few
and flour C. Some
A. An 5. For lunch, I had a salad and a ___________ of
B. Much pizza today
C. Some A. Some
3. How _________ cars are we taking? B. Slice
A. A lot C. Piece
B. Many 6. How __________ rice do we have left?

51
A. Much C. Some
B. A 11. There's ___________ coffee in the pot
C. Do A. Any
7. It's cold. Don't open _______ windows B. Some
A. Some C. A few
B. A little 12. The plants need __________ more water
C. Any A. Any
8. Please, buy me a __________ apples for the B. A little
cake C. a few
A. Few 13. I couldn't solve ___________ of the Maths
B. Little problems
C. Some A. Any
9. Is there _________ time left? B. Much
A. Many C. A
B. Much 14. Is there ___________ solution to this
C. Some problem?
10. It's too __________ for me. I can't eat it all A. Some
A. Much B. A little
B. Many C. Any

52
 TENSE REVISION
Past & Present Perfect
Richard Fox (1)___________(live) in Hong Kong for around seven years and for the past two
years he (2)_________(share) a flat in Wan Chai. He originally (3)________ (come) here on
holiday but (4)_________(decide) to stay on when he heard that it was easy to find a job as a
teacher. He (5)___________(work) for three different schools over the years and
(6)____________(just/start) work for his fourth employer.

He likes Hong Kong because of its convenient location in Asia which (7)__________(allow) him
to visit a lot of countries in the region. To date he (8)___________(be) to China, Thailand,
Indonesia, the Philippines, Vietnam and Cambodia. He (9)____________(not/be) to Macau as he
says he’s not interested in gambling.

He likes the food in this part of the world and (10) ___________(try) a lot of dishes that he
(11)_____________(not/hear of ) before he (11)__________(come) here. While on holiday in
China a couple of years ago he even (12)___________(try) dog, which he describes as ‘quite
tasty’. He (13)___________(not/sample) monkeys’ brains yet, but says he’ll give anything a
try...once.

He says that living in a city like Hong Kong is very different to the small town in England where
he (14)___________(grow up) and (15) ____________(give) him a broader outlook on life. He
(16)______________(never / have to) learn a foreign language before he
(17)_____________(come) here. Nor (18)________________(meet) many people from Asia.

He still finds communication with local people difficult at times and he (18)__________(be) lazy
about learning Chinese. However, he (19) ________________ (at last / enroll) for a course in
spoken Cantonese which (start) ___________(20) next week.
Present Tense – Simple or progressive
1. They normally _____________________ lunch at two. (have) 2. Are
_____________________ in Paris this week? (you work) 3. You _____________________ new
clothes every Saturday! (buy) 4. I played football at school but now I _____________________
swimming (prefer)
5. I _____________________ no idea what the book is about. Can you tell me what it’s about?
(have)
6. John _____________________ a difficult time at the university this year (have) 7. My father
_____________________ everything about cars, but nothing about bicycles. (know) 8. The
moon _____________________ round the earth. (go) 9. Do _____________________ those
men at the door? – They _____________________ at us very strangely (you see, look) 10. We
_____________________ that the contents of this letter should be changed.(feel) 11. They
_____________________ lunch at the moment. – You shouldn’t disturb them. (have) 12. The
watch _____________________ to my grandmother. (belong) 13. I _____________________
what you _____________________ me but I don’t agree with you (hear, tell) 14. This medicine
_____________________ a new substance (contain) 15. These days we
_____________________ tests at school. (always have) 16. Why _____________________ my
coat? – Oh, I’m sorry. It _____________________ like mine! (you wear, look) 17. This cake
53
_____________________ strange. What’s in it? (smell) 18. Hi Jake. – What
_____________________ at the moment? – I _____________________ the sunshine at the
beach. (you do, enjoy) 19. Where __________________________ from? (new neighbours,
come) 20. What _____________________ for a living? - He is a government official but he quit
his job a few weeks ago. – And what _____________________ now? – At the moment he
_____________________ for a new job. (your Dad do, he do, look)
Past Tense – Simple or progressive
1. It ______________________ (rain) when we __________________ (come) out of the
shopping centre. 2. It _________________(happen) very quickly. The car
______________________ (come) out of the side road and then the van
______________________ (drive) into the back of it. 3. I ______________________ (be) ill last
week. 4. He ______________________ (break)his leg when he ______________________
(ski) . 5. I ______________________ (look)out of the window and saw that people
__________________ (walk) in the park. 6. Emma ______________________ (pass) her exam
a few weeks ago. 7. When we ______________________ (see) the spaceship we
___________________(stop) the car. 8. When ______________________ (you buy) the car? – I
______________________ (buy) it a few years ago. 9. He ______________________ (sit) in the
garden when a wasp ______________________(sting) him in the nose. 10. Claire
______________________ (go) to Egypt last month. 11. She ______________________ (have)
a beautiful dream when the alarm clock ________________ (ring). 12. The car
______________________ (stop) at the lights. 13. We ______________________ (drive) home
in the middle of the night when we ______________ (see) a flashing light. 14. Soft music
______________________ (play) when I ______________________ (go) into the room. 15.
______________________ (you buy) that bag while I ______________________ (look) after
the children? 16. It ______________________ (be) peaceful and the birds
______________________ (sing). 17. Was _________________________(Jimmy, already wait)
for you when you ______________________ (get) there? 18. I ______________________
(ring) at about 3 o’clock yesterday, but you ______________________ (not pick) up the phone.
– What ______________________ (you do) ? – I ______________________ (help) Dad in the
garden so I probably ______________________ (not hear)it. 19. I ______________________
(lie) in the bath when the phone ______________________ (ring). It ______________________
(stop) after a few rings. 20. It ______________________ (be) cold when we
______________________ (leave) the house that day.
Fill in the correct form of the Present Perfect tense!
1. The earth __________________ here for billions of years (be). 2. We
________________________ cards for the last few hours (play). 3. We
________________________ problems with our new car recently (have) 4.
____________________________ on anything interesting lately ?(you work) 5. Cuba
________________________ a socialist country since 1959 (be) 6. I
________________________ care of my neighbour’s cats while they are away (take) 7. I
________________________ my car for three years (have). 8.
________________________________ an important fight? (the boxer , ever, win) 9. John and
Mary ________________________ with each other since the day they got married (quarrel). 10.
It ________________________ hard since last night (rain). 11. I’m tired because I
________________________ well lately. (not feel) 12. _________________________________
your problems? (your parents, always, understand) 13. The patient ________________________
54
penicillin for several days now (take) 14. A big earthquake ________________________ San
Francisco since 1906. (not hit) 15. They ___________________________ in San Francisco since
they arrived in the USA 20 years ago. (live) 16. He got ill five weeks ago and
________________________ yet. (not recover) 17. Everyone in the Middle East
________________________ about the situation for decades (worry). 18. We
________________________ very cold weather this year (have) 19. Where
________________________ the money? (you, hide) 20. At last ,my favourite team
________________________ against its most important rival (win) 21. I
________________________ for 6 years. (be married) 22. Dad ________________________ a
number of jobs in the last few years (have). 23. The bank is still closed. It
________________________ yet. (not open) 24. Our daughter ___________________________
lipstick since she was 16 (wear). 25. She is angry because her boyfriend
________________________ up yet and she ________________________ for half an hour. (not
show, wait). 26. I’m still waiting for an answer. They ________________________ up their
minds yet. (not make) 27. How many times ________________________ the cat today? (Kim
feed) 28. The kids ________________________ on my nerves. They
________________________ too much noise (get, make). 29. My company
________________________ a lot of money in the last few years. They
________________________ hard on an important project. (make, work). 30. They
________________________ our new refrigerator yet, but they will any day now. (not deliver)

55
 PRACTICE
past perfect simple/continuous
I. Write the past participle (3rd form) of the following irregular verbs.
1. speak - 4.
2. catch - 5. understand -
3. eat – 6. begin -

56
 II. Complete the sentences in Past Perfect Simple (positive).
1. I lost the key that he (give) _____________________ to me.
2. She told me that she (see) ____________________ a ghost.
3. I went downstairs because I (hear) ___________________ a noise.
4. When they came home, Sue (cook) ___________________ dinner already.
5. We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) ___________________ our address book.
III. Complete the sentences in Past Perfect Simple (negative).
1. The waiter served something that we (not / order) _______________________.
2. He went to Alaska where he (not / be) _______________________ before.
3. She put on the red dress, which she (not / wear) ___________________ for ages.
4. He (not / play) ________________________tennis before that day.
5. His mother was angry because he (not / help) _______________________ her with the shopping.
IV. Complete the questions in Past Perfect Simple.
1. (you / finish) your homework before you went to the cinema?
2. (why / you / clean) the bathroom before you bathed the dog?
3. (you / have) breakfast before you came here?
4. (she / find) a place to stay when she went to Boston?
5. (where / she / live) before she moved to Chicago?
V. Put the verbs into the correct form (past perfect progressive).
1. We (sleep) ________________________ for 12 hours when he woke us up.
2. They (wait) ________________________ at the station for 90 minutes when the train finally arrived.
3. We (look for) _______________________ her ring for two hours and then we found it in the bathroom.
4. I (not / walk) ________________________ for a long time, when it suddenly began to rain.
5. How long (learn / she) ___________________ English before she went to London?
6. Frank Sinatra caught the flu because he (sing) ____________________ in the rain too long.
7. He (drive) ___________________________ less than an hour when he ran out of petrol.
8. They were very tired in the evening because they (help) ____________________ on the farm all day.
9. I (not / work) ______________________ all day; so I wasn't tired and went to the disco at night.
10. They (cycle) ______________________ all day so their legs were sore in the evening.
VI. Write the verbs in Past Perfect Simple.
1. The pupils talked about the film they (watch) ………………………… .
2. I was late for work because I (miss) ……………………… the bus.
3. We lived in the house that my father (build) ……………………………… .
4. We admired the picture that Lucy (paint) …………………………… .
5. They watered the trees that they (plant) ………………………………… .
6. The teacher corrected the tests that the pupils (write) ……………………………. .
7. I received a good mark in my test because I (practise) ……………………………...…..…………….. on ego4u.
8. The mail order house did not send me the shirt that I (order) ……………………………….. .
9. I had to clean the floor because my cats (knock) ………………………….……………..… over the flower pots.
10. My friend was in hospital because she (slip) ………………………………………………….. on a banana skin

57
 Past simple vs Past Perfect
A. Put the verbs into the correct tense (Simple Past or Past Perfect).

1. Bob (wake) ... up early in the morning.

2. He (feel) ... very tired because he (sleep / not) ... very well the night before.
3. A strange noise in the garden (keep) ... him awake.
4. Now it (be) ... six o'clock and Bob (get) ... up and (go) ... to the bathroom where he (have)
... a cold shower to wake up.
5. Then he (make) ... himself a nice cup of coffee.
6. When Bob (look) ... out of the kitchen window, he (believe / not) ... his eyes.
7. There (be) ... a bear in his garden!
8. He (search) ... Bob's garden for food last night.
9. Bob (knock) ... at the window.
10. The bear (hear) ... that and (run) .. away.
11. But what a mess the bear (make) ... in the garden!

B. Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or past perfect simple).

1. Yesterday a boy (destroy) ... the snowman that we (build) ... .

2. Jimmy (tell) ... us about the film that he (see) ... .
3. We (find) ... the mobile phone that Marwin (lose) ... .
4. He (sing) ... a song that I (hear / never) ... before.
5. Cathrine (open) ... the window that I (close / just) .... .

C. Write down the correct form (pronoun + verb).

Simple Past Past Perfect

they /
work ................................................. ....................................

I / see ................................................. ...........................................

she /
tidy ................................................. ..................................................

he / run ................................................. ..................................................

58
 you /
buy ................................................. .................................................

D. Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or past perfect simple).

1. William (live) ... in Boston for six years before he (move) ... to New York.
2. The blue car (cross) ... the street after the lights (turn) ... red.
3. When James (try) ... to ring us, we (leave / already) ... the house.
4. After Joanna (finish) ... her presentation, we (ask) ... our questions.
5. On her first day at the driving school, we (be) ... very nervous because we (drive /
not) ... a car before.

E. Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or past perfect simple).

1. It (be)... a cold and rainy Sunday, so I (decide) ... to finish the essay that I (start) ...
writing a few days before.
2. I (switch) ... on the computer and (open) ... the document.
3. Then I (begin) .... looking for my notes that I (handwrite) ... on a sheet of paper.
4. But the notes (be) ... not on my desk and I (can / not) ... remember where I (put) ... them.
5. I (turn) ... the whole house upside down.
6. And where (find / I) ... my notes?
7. I (leave) ... them in the sitting room, under a huge staple of papers and magazines.
8. Now that I (find) ... my notes, I (want) ... to continue writing my essay.
9. First I (know / not) ... what to write but then I (have) ... lots of ideas.
10. I (complete / almost) ... my essay when my computer suddenly (crash) ... and I (notice) ...
that I (forget) ... to save the document.
11. After I (reboot) ... my computer, I (see) ... that at least 5 of the pages I (type) ... (be) ...
missing.
12. So I (have) ... to start all over again.

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 Follow up
~ Countable and Uncountable Nouns ~
A. Use “a-an- some-a lot of- a little-a few” and complete the sentences
1- There is _________________ milk on the floor.
2- Mary has _________ money in her pocket. She can’t go to party.
3- There are __________ students in the school because today is the last day of the school.
4- There is __________ cheese and _________ orange juice in the fridge.
5- We buy ______________ sweets because our children eat all the time.
6- There are ____________ books on the table
7- There is ________ girl on the corner.
8- Joe has _________ sister and ____________ brothers
9- They eat __________cheese, ___________eggs, __________ bread and drink _________
milk.
10- I drink __________ water every day.
B. Use “any-much –many” and complete the sentences
1- Are there __________ sandwiches in the fridge?
2- Do you have _______________ brothers or sisters?
3- How _____________ money do you earn each month?
4- There aren’t ____________ tomatoes and lemons in the supermarket.
5- There isn’t __________ sugar at home. Could you please buy some sugar?
6- There isn’t ____________ fresh air. Please, open the window.
7- Is there __________ salt in the soup?
8- How _________ friends do you have in Ankara?
9- How _________ books do you use in the classroom?
10- How __________ homework do you have?
C. Use “any-much-many-a lot of-some-a few-a little-a-an” and complete the
sentences
1- There isn’t ___________ break-time between the 1st and the 2nd lesson.
2- Is there _________ umbrella here? I need to go out and the weather is rainy.
3- I can’t buy drinks and food because there are __________ students in the canteen.
4- We buy ________ cheese, ___________ bread, ________ tomatoes and potatoes,
___________ milk, __________ meat and __________ chips and______ coke from the
supermarket for the party.
5- How _____________ coins do you give to your children?
6- How _____________ homework do you have?
7- We need __________ flour, but I don’t need _______________ eggs because we have
enough eggs at home.
8- Some old people don’t have ______________ hair.
9- Today, the roads are crowded. There is _____________ traffic.
10- The teacher isn’t at school because there aren’t ____________ students in the classroom
D. Complete the sentences using one of these words:
accommodation behaviour damage Luck permission music
Advice Bread furniture luggage progress weather
Baggage Chaos information News Scenery meat

60
Fun Help jewellery knowledge Money wood
Traffic Work Sand Gold Silver
Plastic Leather Linen Wool experience
1. I didn’t have much ……………………………………………… just two small bags.
2. They’ll tell you all you want to know. They’ll give you plenty of
……………………………..………
3. We have no …………………………………..…… not even a bed or a table.
4. Carla’s English is better than it was. She’s made
……………………………………………….
5. George is unemployed. He’s looking for ………………………….……………………..
6. If you want to leave work early, you have to ask for ………………………….…………..
7. I don’t think Ann will get the job. She hasn’t got enough
…………………………………..
8. Enjoy your holiday ! I hope the ………………………………….………….. is good.
9. The ………………...……….. is so depressing at the moment. Nothing but floods and
wars.
10. The …………………………………..……. in Scotland is lovely. Lots of green hills.
11. My father always gave me good …………………………………… when I was young.
12. Our holiday at the seaside was such ……………………………
13. In ancient Egypt women wore beautiful …………………………………….
14. People who are vegetarians don’t eat …………………………………
15. We got to the station in time because there wasn’t much …………………………………
~ Nouns ~
Choose the right option:
1. I had two _____________ for lunch today. a) applees b) apple c) apples
2. I was scared because John brought 2 ___________ to school. a) knifes b) knive
c) knives
3. My favourite MacDo meal is a Big Mac with _________. a) fryes c) frys c)fries
4. In my family there are more _________ than females. a) mails b) males c) malls
5. New Zealand has a lot of ____________. a) ships b) sheeps c) sheep
6. There are many __________ here. a) flys b) flies c) flyes
7. We always have ____________ for dinner. a) potatoes b) potatos c) potato
8. We caught a lot of ___________ yesterday. a) fishes b) fishs c) fish
9. My mother is afraid of ____________ a) mice b) mouses c) mouths
10. It is only for __________. a) mans b) man c) men
11. In my class there are many ___________. a) children b) childs c) chills
12. Do you know where my __________ are? a) keyes b) keys c) keies
13. There were 12 ________ in the tray. a) egges b) egg c) eggs
14. I like ____________. They are so funny to watch. a) monkies b) monkeys c) monkeyes
15. You have lips like ___________. a) cherryes b) cherries c) cheerys
16. It is normal to have 28 ___________. a) tooths b) teethes c) teeth
17. There are three ____________. a) dice b) die c) dices
18. How many ____________ did you take at the party? a) photoesb) photos c) photo
19. We bought three ________ for dinner. a) salmones b) salmon c) salmons
20. Do you know where the __________ were from? a) thieves b) thiefs d) thiefes

61
21. Both my _________ are sore. a) foots b) feet c) feeds
22. Out of seventeen students three became __________. a) cheves b) chefs c) cook
23. In my class there are 9 girls and 10 _________. a) boys b) boyes c) boies
24. I love _________. They are nice when it is hot. a) tries b)trees c)threes
25. ________ are wiser than men. a) womans b) wimen c) women
26. A lot of the kids had __________. a) lice b) lices c) lies

Find out the suitable word or words and fill in the gaps.
cooking  dust  hoover  ironing  make the bed  mop  shopping 
1. If you do the __________________, you wash the plates, cups, knives, forks, etc, which have
been used in cooking and eating a meal.
2. _______________ is the activity of preparing the food for eating, usually by gas or
electricity.
3. When you ____________ something such as furniture, you remove dust from it, usually using
a cloth.
4. The purpose of _________________ is to remove the creases from clothes, sheets, towels,
etc.
5. If you ______________ a floor or other surface, you clean it by pushing a brush over it in
order to collect the dirt in one place.
6. _______________ is the activity of purchasing things we need such as food or clothes.
7. If you ______________ something, you rub it hard in order to clean it, often using a stiff
brush and water or another liquid.
8. If you __________________ a surface, you clean it using a vacuum cleaner.
9. When you ________________ a room, cupboard, etc, you make it neat by putting things in
their proper places.
10. If you _________________ you prepare it so that it is neat and tidy and ready for someone to
sleep in.

Fill in the gaps using the following words in their appropriate form:
 clean  cook  dust  iron  make  mop 
1. Once a year I thoroughly clean everything at home and this year Mrs Pringle came to give me
a hand with the _______________________.
2. I've spent all morning ___________________ the floors.
3. Boys are just as keen on _______________________ as girls are.
4. He _____________________ all the furniture and then polished it.
5. He found a broom and a dustpan and he ____________________ away the broken glass.
6. You can't tidy a room before you've ___________________ the beds!
7. My husband tries his best to wash and _________________ the clothes.
8. It won't take me more than an hour to do the __________________________.

Assignment
62
A. Complete the sentences below by putting the verb in brackets into the past perfect
simple or past perfect continuous:
1. It was a relief to find the documents. I (look) ... for them all afternoon.
2He was dismissed, even though, in his opinion, he (not/do) ... anything wrong.
3It was not the first time I'd met him. We (meet) ... many times before.
4He called me at eleven in the evening to tell me that he (find/finally) ... a solution.
5When he (finish) ... his speech, he waited for the reaction of the audience. But no one said a
word.
6By the time I came back from my business trip, a lot of things (change) ... .
7The doctor asked me how long I (have) ... the symptoms.
8It was more than a month before we realised what (happen) ... to him.
9We (work/already) ... on this project for a month before we found a fundamental flaw.
10The invoice (not/arrive/still) ... by the end of the week so we sent them a strong reminder.

B. Complete the sentences about twins who met as adults. Use the past perfect form of the
verbs in parentheses.
1. Two separate Illinois families had adopted (adopt) Anne Green and Annie Smith before the
twins were three days old.
2. When they met, they were fascinated by their similarities. For example, they (live) near each
other before the Greens moved away.
3. As children, both Anne and Annie (go) to the same summer camp.
4. Anne (not / go) to college, and Annie (not/ attend) college, either.
5. Both (marry) for the first time by the age of 22.
6. Anne (get) divorced and (remarry). Annie (not/ get) divorced and was still married.
7. Both Anne and Annie were allergic to cats and dogs and never (own) pets.
8. Both (give) the same name – Heather – to their daughters.
9. Both previously (work) in the hospitality industry.
10. Anne (work) as a hotel manager. However, Annie (not/work) in hotels; she (be) a restaurant
manager

C. Use the time line to complete the sentences about Alex and Andrew. Use the past perfect
form of the verbs below.
build decide graduate make record start
1986 The twins are born.
1993 The twins audition for the first Spy Twins movie.
1995 They record their first pop song and make a TV movie.
1996 The twins start a fashion company for young men’s clothing.
1997 to 2003 The twins make three more Spy Twins movies.
2004 They graduate from high school; they start college.
2005 The twins decide to stop acting.

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2008 They graduate from college.
2008 to present They work as fashion designers for their clothing company.
1. By 2004, Alex and Andrew had made four Spy Twins movies.
2. Before 1995, the twins (not) a pop song.
3. By 2006, the twins to stop acting.
4. The twins (not) a fashion company yet in 1995.
5. The twins from high school by 2005.
6. They a successful career before the age of 30.

D. Complete the article about siblings who were separated as children. Circle the correct
time word. Write the simple past or past perfect form of the verbs in parentheses.
There are many stories of non-twin brothers and sisters who are separated for one reason or
another and meet again as adults. Here are a few.
Glenn Mint and Bruce Mathews are brothers. They had never met until/after (1) Glenn
started ........................... (2) (start) working at the same company as Bruce. Bruce was surprised
because the new employee looked just like him. They started asking each other questions.
Before/After (3) they met, each man .............................................. (4) (know) that he had a
sibling. Before/As soon as (5) Glenn ......................................... (6) (discover) Bruce's birth date,
he knew Bruce was his long-lost brother.
Quin Mara, 82, knew that she was adopted and that she had siblings, but she had never met them.
After/Until (7) a relative .................................... (8) (find) a family tree, Quin learned the names
of her siblings and started looking for them. Until/By the time (9) she saw the family tree,
she ................................................ (10) (not / know) that she was the youngest of nine children.
As soon as/Before (11) she .................................. (12) (discover) that, she began to look for her
brothers and sisters. She was very happy because five of her siblings were still alive. Before/After
(13) she ................................................ (14) (meet) them, she didn’t know that they had spent the
last several decades looking for each other.

E. Complete the story about brothers who reconnected after many years. Use the past
perfect progressive form of the verbs in parentheses.
Mark and Peter were brothers. Their parents could not take care of them. One family adopted
Mark, and another family adopted Peter. Mark and Peter had been dreaming (1) (dream) of
finding each other since 2005. When they finally met, they were surprised by how much they had
in common. For most of their adult lives, their jobs had been related, even though
they ....................................................... (2) (not / work) in the same business.
Mark .......................................... (3) (make) furniture, and Peter ......................................... (4)
(sell) furniture. Mark ........................................... (5) (interview) for jobs in furniture stores and
decided to take a position at Mark’s store. Peter ......................................... (6) (talk) to a customer
when he saw a man who looked like him walk into the store. Peter stopped what
he ............................................... (7) (do) and introduced himself. That first day, Peter and Mark
talked for hours. They found out that they ........................................................... (8) (not / live) in
64
the same city, but they had attended schools in the same district for most of their childhood.
They .......................................................... (9) (cross / paths) for many years without ever
meeting. They had never expected to have so much in common.

65
 Practice on Future Tenses
Practice on Future Tenses
Will / Be Going To
Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses

1. A: Why are you holding a piece of paper?

B: I (write)………………………………….. a letter to my friends back home in Texas.
2. A: I'm about to fall asleep. I need to wake up!
B: I (get)………………………………………………….. you a cup of coffee. That will wake you up.
3. A: I can't hear the television!
B: I (turn)………………………………………… it up so you can hear it.
4. We are so excited about our trip next month to France. We (visit) …………………………………………………
Paris, Nice and Grenoble.
5. Sarah (come) ………………………………….. to the party. Oliver (be) ………………………………… there
as well.
6. Ted: It is so hot in here!
Sarah: I (turn) ……………………………………….. the air-conditioning on.
7. I think he (be) …………………………………………………………. the next President of the United States.
8. After I graduate, I (attend) ………………………………………………. medical school and become a doctor. I
have wanted to be a doctor all my life.
9. A: Excuse me, I need to talk to someone about our hotel room. I am afraid it is simply too small for four people.
B: That man at the service counter (help) …………………………………………… you.
10. As soon as the weather clears up, we (walk) ……………………………. down to the beach and go swimming

Simple Future / Future Continuous

Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses

1.
Sandra: Where is Tim going to meet us?
Marcus: He (wait) ………………………………… for us when our train arrives. I am sure he (stand)
………………………………………… on the platform when we pull into the station.
Sandra: And then what?
Marcus: We (pick) ………………………………………… Michele up at work and go out to dinner.
2.
Ted: When we get to the party, Jerry (watch) ……………………….. TV, Sam (make) …………………………..
drinks, Beth (dance) ……………………………….. by herself, and Thad (complain)
…………………………………… about his day at work.
Robin: Maybe, this time they won't be doing the same things.
Ted: I am absolutely positive they (do) ……………………….. the same things; they always do the same things.
3.
Florence: Oh, look at that mountain of dirty dishes! Who (wash) ………………………………. all of those?
Jack: I promise I (do) …………………………………………………. them when I get home from work.
Florence: Thanks.
Jack: When you get home this evening, that mountain will be gone and nice stacks of sparkling clean dishes (sit)
…………………………………………………………… in the cabinets.
4.
Doug: If you need to contact me next week, I (stay) …………………………………………… at the Hoffman
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Hotel.
Nancy: I (call) ……………………………………………… you if there are any problems.
Doug: This is the first time I have ever been away from the kids.
Nancy: Don't worry, they (be) ……………………………………….. fine.
5.
Samantha: Just think, next week at this time, I (lie) ………………………………. on a tropical beach in Maui
drinking Mai Tais and eating pineapple.
Darren: While you are luxuriating on the beach, I (stress) ……………………………………….. out over this
marketing project. How are you going to enjoy yourself knowing that I am working so hard?
Samantha: I 'll manage somehow.
Darren: You're terrible. Can't you take me with you?
Samantha: No. But I (send) …………………………………………….. you a postcard of a beautiful, white sand
beach.
Darren: Great, that (make) ……………………….. me feel much better

Simple Present / Simple Future

Present Continuous / Future Continuous
Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.

1. Right now, I am watching TV. Tomorrow at this time, I (watch) ……………………………………………… TV as

well.
2. Tomorrow after school, I (go) ……………………………………… to the beach.
3. I am going on a dream vacation to Tahiti. While you (do) …………………………………… paperwork and (talk)
…………………………………………. to annoying customers on the phone, I (lie)
………………………………………… on a sunny, tropical beach. Are you jealous?
4. We (hide) …………………………………………… when Tony (arrive) …………………………….. at his
surprise party. As soon as he opens the door, we (jump) …………………………. out and (scream)
…………………………… , "Surprise!"
5. We work out at the fitness center every day after work. If you (come) …………………………….. over while we
(work) ………………………………………………….. out, we will not be able to let you into the house. Just to be
safe, we (leave) …………………………………………… a key under the welcome mat so you will not have to
wait outside.
6. While you (study) ……………………… at home, Magda (be) ………………………………………….. in
class.
7. When I (get) ……………………………….. to the party, Sally and Doug (dance)
……………………………………… , John (make) …………………………………. drinks, Sue and Frank
(discuss) ………………………………….. something controversial, and Mary (complain)
……………………………………………. about something unimportant. They are always doing the same things.
They are so predictable.
8. When you (get) …………………………… off the plane, I (wait) ………………………………………………
for you.
9. I am sick of rain and bad weather! Hopefully, when we (wake) …………………………………………. up
tomorrow morning, the sun (shine) ………………………………………….. .
10. If you (need) ……………………………………… to contact me sometime next week, I (stay)
…………………………………………………. at the Sheraton in San Francisco.
Simple Future / Future Perfect
Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.

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1.
Margaret: Do you think everything will be finished when I get back from the store?
Jerry: Don't worry. By the time you get back, I (pick) ………………………. up the living room and (finish)
…………………………. washing the dishes. Everything will be perfect when your parents arrive.
Margaret: I hope so. They (arrive) …………………………………….. around 6 o'clock.
Jerry: Everything (be) …………………………. spotless by the time they get here.
2.
Nick: I just have two more courses before I graduate from university. By this time next year, I (graduate)
…………………………….. , and I will already be looking for a job.
Stacey: Does that scare you? Are you worried about the future?
Nick: Not really. I (go) ………………………………. to a career counselor and get some advice on how to find a good
job.
Stacey: That's a good idea.
Nick: I am also going to do an internship so that when I leave school, I (complete, not only) …………………………..
over 13 business courses, but I (work, also) ……………………………. in the real world.
3.
Stan: Did you hear that Christine (take) …………………………… a vacation in South America this winter?
Fred: I can't believe how often she goes abroad. Where exactly does she want to go?
Stan: She (visit) …………………………………. Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador.
Fred: At this rate, she (visit) ………………………… every country in the world by the time she's 50.
4.
Judy: How long have you been in Miami?
Elaine: I have only been here for a couple of weeks.
Judy: How long do you plan on staying?
Elaine: I love Miami, so I (stay) …………………………. here for an extended period of time. When I go back home,
I (be) …………………………… here for more than three months.
Judy: Wow, that's quite a vacation! You (see, definitely) …………………… just about everything there is to see in
Miami by then.
5.
Jane: I can't believe how late we are! By the time we get to the dinner, everyone (finish, already)
…………………………….. eating.
Jack: It's your own fault. You took way too long in the bathroom.
Jane: I couldn't get my hair to look right.
Jack: Who cares? By the time we get there, everyone (leave) …………………………… . Nobody (see, even)
…………………………………………. your hair.

Overall Future Tenses Exercise

1. The train __________ (to arrive) at 12:30.

2. We __________ (to have) dinner at a seaside restaurant on Sunday.
3. It __________(to snow) in Brighton tomorrow evening.
4. On Friday at 8 o’clock I __________ (to meet) my friend.
5. Paul __________ (to fly) to London on Monday morning.
6. Wait! I __________ (to drive) you to the station.
7. The English lesson __________ (to start) at 8:45.
8. Are you still writing your essay? If you __________ (to finish) by 4pm, we
can go for a walk.
9. I __________ (to see) my mother in April.
10. Look at the clouds – it __________ (to rain) in a few minutes.

68
11. When they __________ (to get) married in March, they __________ (to be)
together for six years.
12. You’re carrying too much. I __________ (to open) the door for you.
13. Do you think the teacher __________ (to mark) our homework by Monday
morning?
14. When I __________ (to see) you tomorrow, I __________ (show) you my new
book.
15. After you __________ (to take) a nap, you __________ (to feel) a lot better
16. I’m sorry but you need to stay in the office until you __________ (to finish)
your work.
17. I __________ (to buy) the cigarettes from the corner shop when it __________
(to open).
18. I __________ (to let) you know the second the builders __________ (to finish)
decorating.
19. Before we __________ (to start) our lesson, we __________ (to have) a review.
20. We __________ (to wait) in the shelter until the bus __________ (to come).
21. I’m very sorry Dr. Jones __________ (not be) back in the clinic until 2pm.
22. This summer, I __________ (to live) in Brighton for four years.
23. I don’t think you __________ (to have) any problems when you land in
Boston.
24. The baby should be due soon, next week she __________ (to be) pregnant
for nine months.
25. By the time we get home, they __________ (to play) football for 30 minutes.
26. In three years I __________ (to live) in a different country.
27. When you __________ (to get) off the train, I __________ (to wait) for you by
the ticket machine.
28. __________ (to take) your children with you to France?
29. This time next week I __________ (ski) in Switzerland!
30. Now I __________ (to check) my answers.

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 Tag questions
A. Complete the sentences with the correct question tags.
Mr McGuinness is from Ireland, ………………………. ?
The car isn't in the garage, ……………………………?
You are John, …………………………?
She went to the library yesterday, ………………………..?
He didn't recognize me, …………………….. ?
Cars pollute the environment, …………………………….?
Mr. Pritchard has been to Scotland recently, …………………?
The trip is very expensive, ……………………….?
He won't tell her, …………………………….. ?
Hugh had a red car, ……………………………. ?
They're working on the project, ?
It wasn't my fault, ?
Bill got what he wanted, ?
It won't be hard to convince her, ?
We can't leave him alone, ?
We've done our job, ?
You should apologize for what you have done, ?
They didn't start the meeting at two o'clock, ?
They finish work at five o'clock, ?
She doesn't like him, ?
B. Add appropriate question tags to the following sentences.
1. She speaks English well, a) does she
……………………..? b) doesn’t she
a) does she c) did she
b) doesn’t she 6. You are not joining the strike,
c) is she ……………………?
2. He has left, ………………………..? a) are you
a) has he b) aren’t you
b) hasn’t he c) is you
c) did he 7. He broke the glass,
3. You will have some tea, ……………………….?
………………………? a) does he
a) will you b) did he
b) won’t you c) didn’t he
c) have you 8. He is not late, …………………….?
d) haven’t you a) is he
4. I need not stay long, b) isn’t he
……………………..? c) hasn’t he
a) need I 9. He used to play cricket when he was
b) needn’t I young, …………………….?
c) should I a) did he
5. She loves dancing, b) didn’t he
…………………………? c) used he

70
10. Let’s take some rest, a) shall we
……………………? b) should we
c) will we

71
C. Add a question-tag to these sentences:
1. He is late this morning, _______________________?
2. The hotel was quite good, ________________________?
3. She cooks well, _______________________?
4. You can’t tell the difference, _________________________?
5. They always sleep after lunch, __________________________?
6. You’re coming with us, _______________________?
7. Mary plays football, ________________________?
8. You didn’t have any lessons this morning, _______________________?
9. Ann is on holiday, ______________________?
10. The students see it everyday, ________________________?
11. Mr Priestley doesn’t know your father, ______________________?
12. There are lots of cars here, ______________________?
13. I am not disturbing you, _____________________?
14. Tom does his work very well, ________________________?
15. This isn’t very pleasant, _____________________?
16. She likes quiet places, ______________________?
17. Tom doesn’t play the piano, _______________________?
18. They didn’t hurt the child, _______________________?
19. There were two car accidents yesterday, _______________________?
20. Tourists used to come here, ________________________?
21. You haven’t got a computer, ________________________?
22. You don’t have to follow him, ________________________?
23. He has to fill a form, ________________________?
24. He didn’t have to choose one, _______________________?
25. He has your ticket, _______________________?
26. Everything is all right, _______________________?
27. He has got to leave, ______________________?
28. Smoking ruins our health, ________________________?
29. Most people cannot go to Africa, ________________________?
30. Finding a job isn’t easy, _______________________?

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 ~ All tense review ~
CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER
1.- Lucy ………. to Australia by plane next month. a) are going b) is going) c) goes
2.- Miriam ………. Maths at university ten years ago. a) study b) studied c) is studying
3.- Williams ……… .swimming in the sea last Saturday. a)were b) was c) weren’t
4.- Hector .…… good marks at the final exams. a)get b)getting c) got
5.- …….. John …….. his grandfather last night? a)do … call b)does …..call c)did …call
6.- Sheila ………. the teacher some questions now. a)ask b)asked c)is asking
7.- My father is ……… than your father. a)strong b)the strongest c)stronger
8.-Elisa is as ……… as her brother. a)cleverer b)clever c)the
cleverest
9.-Silver is ….….. expensive than gold. a)more b)less c)much
10.-The train is ……… than the bus. a)early b)earlier c)the earliest
11.-My team is very good. I think we …….. win the next match. a)will b)are
c)won’t
12.-My uncle ……on holidays tomorrow afternoon. a)are going b)is going c)aren’t going
13.-Look! There are clouds in the sky. It …….. rain soon. a)won’t b)will c)is going to
14.-How do you go to school? a)on foot b)the car c) bus
15.-How ……….is a kilogram of apples? a)many b) often c)much
16.- a)The girl’s cats are white b)The cats’ girl are white c)The girl’s cats is white
17.-There aren’t …….. cinemas here. a)much b)many c)a little
18.- There isn’t …….. sugar in my tea. a)many b)much c) a
19.-Does the boy wear …… uniform for school? a)an b)a c)some
20.-The secretary …….. all the letters yesterday. a)send b) is sending c)sent
21.-Julio ……… in this town for 20 years. a)have lived b)has live c)has lived
22.-Where ……… your sister born? a)was b)were c)are
23.-I have just …….. my homework. a) finish b)finishing c)finished
24.-My dad ……. already ……….. home. a)have ….. came b) has….. come c)has came
25.-My neighbours are ……… noisy at weekends. a)enough b)too
26.-Thomas isn’t ……. enough to reach the shelf. a) short b)tall c) strong
27.-Charles …….. up very early yesterday. a) woke b)wakes c) is waking
28.-Mrs Dorrit ……..... in my school since 1998. a) have taught b)has taught
29.-The cinema isn’t ………. the park. a) near b) far c)between
30.-Roberto is very friendly. He has …….. friends. a)much b)many c)little
31.-I’m very thirsty. a) Can I have a water? b)Can you give me something to drink?
32-At 5,30 my friend Paul ……..with his mum. a)were shopping b)wasn’t shopping
33.-Patricia ……… lost in the big city in 2011. a)get b)got c)is getting
34.-His father often ………. me a lift to work. a)gives b)giving c)give
35.- a) I have never flown by helicopter b)I have never fly by helicopter
36.-Probably ……. peace in the world soon. a )there will be b) there isn’t
37.-Frederick ……. Law at university. a) will studies b)will study c)wont’ studying
38.-If Sarah …… her leg, she won’t play tennis. a) hurt b)hurts c)hurting
39.-The student won’t pass the exam unless he ……… harder. a)study b) studying c)studies
40.-If the boy doesn’t run fast, he …….. win the race. a) won’t b)will c) don’t

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COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE APPROPRIATE VERBAL TENSE.
1.- Josephine ………….. (eat) two bananas for lunch yesterday.
2.- My cat never ……..(sleep) in my bed.
3.- Jim is a scientist. He ………….. (study) extreme weather.
4.- Have you ever been …………. (trap) in a lift?
5.- Police …………..(look) for the missing child.
6.-Today is my mother’s birthday, so I …………. (buy) her a good present.
7.- The children ………….. (swim) in the sea when it ………….. (start) to rain.
8.- Many students ………… (wear) costumes for the festival.
9.- The tornado ……….… (hit) the little town two years ago.
10.- We …………. (go) to take paper, bottles and cans to special recycling containers.
11.-They chose a name for the dog while they………………… (walk) in the park.
12.- Patrick ………….. (learn) Spanish at school.
13.- Lorena and her father often ………. (go) to the National Museum on Saturday afternoon.
14.- Raymond ……….. just………. (come) home.
15.- My brother ……….(be) angry with me because I ……….. (forget) his birthday.
16.- The exam was difficult because I ………… (not study) the day before.
17.- I ………… (give) you a prescription for your sore throat.
18.-Thomas ….......... (find) the treasure if he asked his friends.
19.-………….. you……….. (do) the project yet?
20.-Margaret ………….. (not visit) her sister in London last month.
21.-If I were you, I ……………….(not marry) Tony. He doesn’t love you.

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 PRACTICE III
Present Perfect Simple / Continuous
Complete the sentences with correct form of the verbs. Use the Present Perfect Simple or Continuous. Use short
forms where possible.

1 How long _______flu? (have)

2 We _______the house all morning. (clean)

3 I _______abroad for a year, but now I'm going home. (live)

4 Ouch! I _______my finger on the oven!. (burn)

5 Alan _______French since September. (learn)

6 How long _______Jim? (you go out with)

Present Continuous / Present Perfect Continuous
Mr. Smith: So tell me a little bit about yourself, Mr. Harris. I would like to find out a little bit more about your
background.
Mr. Harris: I (work) _____________________________ in the insurance industry for over ten years. I worked for Met
Life for six years and World Insurance for four and a half. During that time, I heard many good things about Hollings
Life Insurance and that's why I (apply) __________________________________ for the new sales position.
Mr. Smith: Tell me a little about your hobbies and interests.
Mr. Harris: In my spare time, I hike in the mountains outside of town, volunteer at the Sierra Club and play tennis. In
fact, I (compete) ________________________________________ in a tennis tournament this weekend.
Mr. Smith: Really, how long (you, play) __________________________________ tennis?
Mr. Harris: I (play) ____________________________________ since high school. I love the sport.
Mr. Smith: Great! We like dedication here at Hollings Life. You mentioned you volunteer at the Sierra Club. I (work,
currently) _____________________________________ with them on the sea turtle project. We (try)
__________________________________ to create a wildlife sanctuary near the bay.
Mr. Harris: Do you know Frank Harris? He's my brother. He (work, presently) ____________________________ on
the same project.
Mr. Smith: I know Frank quite well. Any brother of Frank's would be a welcome addition to Hollings Life. Just one
more thing, we (look) ____________________________________ for somebody who is fluent in Spanish; many of
our clients are from Mexico.
Mr. Harris: No problem. I (study) _______________________________ Spanish since elementary school.
Mr. Smith: Sounds like you are the perfect candidate.
Present Continuous / Present Perfect Continuous
1. It (rain) _________________ all week. I hope it stops by Saturday because I want to go to the beach.
2. A: Where is Gary?
B: He (study, at the library) _______for his German test on Wednesday. In fact, he (review) ____________________
for the test every day for the last week.
3. You look really great! (You, exercise) __________________________ at the fitness center?
4. Frank, where have you been? We (wait) __________________________ for you since 1 P.M..
5.A: What is that sound?
B: A car alarm (ring) ___________________ somewhere down the street. It (drive) _____________________ me
crazy - I wish it would stop! It (ring) _____________________ for more than twenty minutes.

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6. Joseph's English (improve, really) ________________________ , isn't it? He (watch)
____________________________ American television programs and (study) ______________________________
his grammar every day since he first arrived in San Diego. Soon he will be totally fluent.
7. A: You look a little tired. (You, get) ___________________________ enough sleep lately?
B: Yes, I (sleep) ____________________________ relatively well. I just look tired because I (feel)
______________________ a little sick for the last week.
A: I hope you feel better soon.
B: Thanks. I (take, currently) ________________________ some medicine, so I should feel better in a couple of
days.
Simple Past / Present Perfect
1. A: Did you like the movie "Star Wars"?
B: I don't know. I (see, never) _______that movie.
2. Sam (arrive) _______in San Diego a week ago.
3. My best friend and I (know) _______each other for over fifteen years. We still get together once a week.
4. Stinson is a fantastic writer. He (write) _______ten very creative short stories in the last year. One day, he'll be as
famous as Hemingway.
5. I (have, not) _______this much fun since I (be) _______a kid.
6. Things (change) _______a great deal at Coltech, Inc. When we first (start) _______working here three years ago,
the company (have, only) _______six employees. Since then, we (expand) _______to include more than 2000 full-
time workers.
7. I (tell) _______him to stay on the path while he was hiking, but he (wander) _______off into the forest and (be)
_______bitten by a snake.
8. Listen Donna, I don't care if you (miss) _______the bus this morning. You (be) _______late to work too many
times. You are fired!
9. Sam is from Colorado, which is hundreds of miles from the coast, so he (see, never) _______the ocean. He
should come with us to Miami.
10. How sad! George (dream) _______of going to California before he died, but he didn't make it. He (see, never)
_______the ocean.
11. In the last hundred years, traveling (become) _______much easier and very comfortable. In the 19th century, it
(take) _______two or three months to cross North America by covered wagon. The trip (be) _______very rough and
often dangerous. Things (change) _______a great deal in the last hundred and fifty years. Now you can fly from New
York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours.
12. Jonny, I can't believe how much you (change) _______since the last time I (see) _______you. You (grow)
_______at least a foot!
13. This tree (be) _______planted by the settlers who (found) _______our city over four hundred years ago.
14. This mountain (be, never) _______climbed by anyone. Several mountaineers (try) _______to reach the top, but
nobody (succeed, ever) _______. The climb is extremely difficult and many people (die) _______trying to reach the
summit.
15. I (visit, never) _______Africa, but I (travel) _______to South America several times. The last time I (go)
_______to South America, I (visit) _______Brazil and Peru. I (spend) _______two weeks in the Amazon, (hike)
_______for a week near Machu Picchu, and (fly) _______over the Nazca Lines.
Simple Past / Present Perfect
Since computers were first introduced to the public in the early 1980's, technology (change) _______a great deal.
The first computers (be) _______simple machines designed for basic tasks. They (have, not) _______much memory
and they (be, not) _______very powerful. Early computers were often quite expensive and customers often (pay)
_______thousands of dollars for machines which actually (do) _______very little. Most computers (be)
_______separate, individual machines used mostly as expensive typewriters or for playing games.
Times (change) _______. Computers (become) _______powerful machines with very practical applications.
Programmers (create) _______a large selection of useful programs which do everything from teaching foreign
languages to bookkeeping. We are still playing video games, but today's games (become) _______faster, more

76
exciting interactive adventures. Many computer users (get, also) _______on the Internet and (begin)
_______communicating with other computer users around the world. We (start) _______to create international
communities online. In short, the simple, individual machines of the past (evolve) _______into an international World
Wide Web of knowledge.
Present Perfect / Present Perfect Continuous
1. A: How long (be) _______in Canada?
B: I (study) _______here for more than three years.
2. I (have) _______the same car for more than ten years. I'm thinking about buying a new one.
3. I (love) _______chocolate since I was a child. You might even call me a "chocoholic".
4. Matt and Sarah (have) _______some difficulties in their relationship lately, so they (go) _______to a marriage
counselor. I hope they work everything out.
5. John (work) _______for the government since he graduated from Harvard University. Until recently, he (enjoy)
_______his work, but now he is talking about retiring.
6. Lately, I (think) _______about changing my career because I (become) _______dissatisfied with the conditions at
my company.
7. I (see) _______Judy for more than five years and during that time I have (see) _______many changes in her
personality.
Simple Past / Past Perfect
I can't believe I (get)______________ that apartment. I (submit)__________________ my application last
week, but I didn't think I had a chance of actually getting it. When I (show)___________________ up to take a look
around, there were at least twenty other people who (arrive)__________________ before me. Most of them (fill,
already) _________________out their applications and were already leaving. The landlord said I could still apply, so I
did.
I (try)____________________ to fill out the form, but I couldn't answer half of the questions. They (want)
__________________________me to include references, but I didn't want to list my previous landlord because I
(have)_______________________ some problems with him and I knew he wouldn't recommend me. I
(end)______________________________ up listing my father as a reference.
It was total luck that he (decide) _____________________ to give me the apartment. It turns out that the
landlord and my father (go) ______________________ to high school together. He decided that I could have the
apartment before he (look)___________________ at my credit report. I really lucked out!
Past Perfect / Past Perfect Continuous
I'm sorry I left without you last night, but I told you to meet me early because the show started at 8:00. I (try)
______________________ to get tickets for that play for months, and I didn't want to miss it. By the time I finally left
the coffee shop where we were supposed to meet, I (have) ______________________ five cups of coffee and I
(wait) __________________ over an hour. I had to leave because I (arrange)____________________ to meet
Kathy in front of the theater.
When I arrived at the theater, Kathy (pick, already) ___________________ up the tickets and she was waiting for us
near the entrance. She was really angry because she (wait) ______________________ for more than half an hour.
She said she (give, almost) ___________________ up and (go) ________________ into the theater without us.

Kathy told me you (be) _______________________ late several times in the past and that she would not make plans
with you again in the future. She mentioned that she (miss) ______________________ several movies because of
your late arrivals. I think you owe her an apology. And in the future, I suggest you be on time!

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 REPORTED SPEECH
 Expression of time & place
Direct Reported
Today that day
Yesterday the day before
The day before yesterday two days before
Tomorrow the next/following day
The day after tomorrow in two days time
Next week/day/year... the following week/year…
Last week/year… the previous week/year…
A week/year ago a year before/the previous year.
Now then /that time
 Modals:
Can could
May might
Must had to
Shall should
Will would
 Demonstratives:
This that
These those
Here there

TENSE DIRECT SPEECH TENSE REPORTED SPEECH

PRESENT “I work hard.” PAST SIMPLE He said that he worked hard.
SIMPLE
PRESENT “I am working hard.” PAST He said that he was working hard.
CONTINUOUS CONTINUOUS
PAST SIMPLE “I worked hard PAST PERFECT He said that he had worked hard
yesterday.” the previous day / the day before.
PAST “I was working hard at PAST PERFECT He said that he had been working
CONTINUOUS six this morning.” CONTINUOUS hard at six that morning.
PRESENT “I have worked hard.” PAST PERFECT He said that he had worked hard.
PERFECT
PRESENT “I have been working PAST PERFECT He said that he had been working
PERFECT hard.” CONTINUOUS hard.
CONTINUOUS
PAST “I had worked hard.” PAST PERFECT He said that he had worked hard.
PERFECT
FUTURE “I will work hard.” CONDITIONAL He said that he would work hard.
SIMPLE

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 PRACTICE
A. Put the following into indirect speech using the given reporting verbs.
“We don’t like his attitude” (say)
“I’m not competent to give advice on this subject” (claim)
“Please tell us the latest news that you have heard” (request)
“Will you have supper with us after the performance tonight?” (wonder)
B. Put these statements using introductory verbs in the past.
“I have no reason not to believe you”
“I’ll pay a hundred and fifty”
“She’s been crying till she’s half blind” her mother reports
“Don’t go too deep into the water” she told her children
“They lie and steal and have to be watched all the time” she noted
“I’m looking for sunny side cottage. I don’t suppose you’ve heard of it”
“Don’t leave me here alone!”
“I shall never claim of any trouble to you”
“Mrs. Joe has been out a dozen times, looking for you, Pip”. “And she is out now.”
C. Rewrite in Reported Speech
1. ‘I watch a film on Saturdays.’ Caroline said
2. ‘He’s my best friend.’ Fred told me
3. ‘The scarf is in my bag.’ Janice said
4. ‘This film wasn’t very interesting.’ Tom told me
5. ‘This isn’t my school.’ Jerry said
6. ‘We’ll walk for half an hour’ Yesterday Jennifer told me
7. ‘These T-shirts don’t fit me.’ Mike said
8. ‘We’re parking our car here.’ They said
9. ‘It’s my boyfriend’s birthday party tomorrow.’ Helen told me
10. ‘I think there will be a students’ meeting very soon.’ He said
11. ‘It’s difficult to finish this project this week.’ The students said
12. ‘I’m not busy now.’ Alicia told me
13. ‘I don’t want these CDs anymore.’ My brother said
14. ‘We feel fine now.’ The girls said
15. ‘We’re going to the shopping today.’ My parents told me
16. ‘She had finished her homework when I arrived.’ Mary said
17. ‘I often think about my future.’ Marik said
18. ‘I go the doctor tomorrow. I am not feeling well’ Helen said
D. Make indirect sentences in the past.
1
1) 'When did you buy this television set?' Frank to Jenny
2) 'Why will you plant trees in the garden?' Mr Ford to Lola
3) 'Let's play basketball.' I to Ben
4) 'I met your mother yesterday.' Mrs Gibson to Dave
5) 'What is the capital of India?' Sally to Rob
6) 'Tidy your room, children.' Mother
7) 'You are standing on my foot now.' Sally to Rob
8) 'Will you help me with my homework?' Sally to Rob
9) 'Meet me in front of the cinema.' Frank to Jenny
10) 'Were you looking after your little sister yesterday, Julie? Frank
2
1. “I spent a lot last Friday”, she said
2. “I worked hard last week”, he said
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 3. “You have extra lessons this week”, they told us
4. “I’ve won a fortune on the football pools”, my uncle said
5. “Mrs Johnson isn’t at work today because she is ill”, the secretary said
6. “I’m going to buy a car tomorrow”, he told me
7. “I don’t have much money”, Tony told me
8. “It may rain at the weekend”, he said
3
1. “Who’s that girl?” , I asked
2. “What’s your name?”, the boy asked me
3. “Do you have any brothers or sisters?”, I asked her
4. “Did you hear that explosion?”, they asked us
5. “Have you spent all your money?”, his mother asked
6. “ When did Peter get up?”, I asked them
7. “Where have they gone?”, she asked me
8. “Do you think it will rain tomorrow?” I asked him
4
1. “Don’t touch that”, my mum said (tell)
2. “Have a rest!” She said (tell)
3. “Please, don’t drive so fast” his wife said (ask)
4. “ Don’t tell anybody” I said (warn)
5. “Give this to your brother”, my father said (tell)
6. “Would you like to go on holiday with us?” they said (invite)
7. “Don’t forget to post the letter” she said (remind)
8. “If I were you, I wouldn’t take the job” she told him (advise)
9. “Let’s walk instead of waiting for the bus”, Philip said

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 PRACTICE II
I. Complete the sentences in reported speech.
1. He said, "I like this song."
→ He said ……………………………………………………………………………...............
2. "Where is your sister?" she asked me.
→ She asked me ……………………………………………………………………………..…
3. "I don't speak Italian," she said.
→ She said ……………………………………………………………………………………..
4. "Say hello to Jim," they said.
→ They asked me ……………………………………………………………………………...
5. "The film began at seven o'clock," he said.
→ He said ……………………………………………………………………………………...
6. "Peter, do you prefer tea or coffee?" she says.
→ She asks Peter……………………………………………………………………………….
7. "Where have you spent your money?" she asked him.
→ She asked him ………………………………………………………………………………
8. "I never make mistakes," he said.
→ He said ……………………………………………………………………………………...
9. "Does she know Robert?" he wanted to know.
→ He wanted to know …………………………………………………………………………
10. "Don't try this at home," the stuntman told the audience.
→ The stuntman advised the audience ………………………………………………………...

II. Turn the following sentences into reported speech

1 Robin said, “These biscuits taste delicious.”
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2 “I can’t see you this afternoon because I’ve got a lot to do,” Ann told me.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3 Fiona said, “That picture was painted by my great grandmother.”
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4 “The sun goes around the Earth!” Copernicus said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………...........
5 “I received a parcel this morning, but I haven’t opened it yet,” Tom said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6 “Can you speak English?”, she asked
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7 “Is your hotel near here?” , he asked.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8 “Have you visited Buckingham Palace?”, he asked.
………………………………………………………………………………………………..................
9 “Close the door.”
He told me…………................................................................................................................................
10 “Don’t do that again!”
He told me ………………………………………………………………………………………………
11 “I borrowed your favourite jumper,” David said. ADMITTED
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
12 “I didn’t leave the garden gate open,” she said. DENIED
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
13 "Don't fly kites near electric overhead cables," said my father. WARNED
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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 14 “ I won’t do that” , he said. REFUSED
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
15 “Let’s go for a walk,” he said. SUGGESTED
…………………………………………………………………………………………………...............

III. Rewrite the sentences into reported speech. Use the verbs in brackets.
1. “Why don’t we go to Brazil on holiday next summer?! (suggest)
Paul …………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. “I’m not wearing this dress for the party, definitely!” (refuse)
Carol ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. “The new teacher will start teaching next week.” (announce)
The headmaster ………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. “Where are you going so fast, Sally?” (want to know)
Dave ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. “Don’t make so much noise, children or the neighbours will phone the police now.” (tell)
Dad …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6. “Can you make me some coffee please, I’m exhausted.” (ask).
Mum ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7. “The Smiths have bought a new car this morning.” (say)
Alice …………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. “I wouldn’t miss my lessons if I were you, Tom.” (advise)
Emily ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. “We’re so sorry for being late, but we couldn’t park the car as soon as we expected.”
(apologize)
They …………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. “My sister studies at London University this year.” (comment)
Tom ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
11. Where did you put your iPod, Sue?” (be interested in knowing)
Lewis ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
12. “OK, Tony, I’ll give you a lift to the airport.” (agree)
Paul …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
13. “You can’t enter the library if you haven’t got your card.” (prohibit)
The librarian …………………………………………………………………………………………………
14. “Are you ready to leave now, Andy?” (ask)
Mary ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
15. “I’m going to buy a present for my mum this evening.” (say)
Alice ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

IV. Rewrite these sentences into reported speech.

1. “Is Tony talking to your brother, Susan?”
Paul asked
2. “My parents went to Italy last summer.”
Sue commented
3. “Will you post the letter for me, Pam?”
I asked
4. “Sam hasn’t come back from England yet.”
Adam said
5. “You should check your blood pressure, Mr Black is too high.”
Dr Newman advised
6. “Were you at Patrick’s last Saturday, Tim?”

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Donald wanted to know
7. “Let’s have a party to celebrate Halloween with our friends.”
Becky suggested
8. “I won’t forget to buy the food you want for tonight’s dinner, Mike.”
Helen promised
9. “We must do our homework every day or our teachers get angry.”
Dave said
10. “Do you want something to eat, Jim?”
Carols asked
11. “I’m sorry, I can’t pay for your meal, Sarah, I’m broke.”
Terry apologised
12. “What’s the weather like in Paris now?
The holidaymakers wanted to know
13. “You can’t use the lift, Dick, you aren’t old enough.”
The porter ordered
14. “How did you find out about my affair, Carrie?
Carrie’s husband was interested in knowing
15. “It’s going to rain tomorrow.”
The weatherman announced
16. “Can you make coffee for me, Susan?”
Tom asked

V. Rewrite the sentences into direct speech:

1. My friend advised me not to drink alcohol that night since I had to drive back home.
2. The teacher remarked that our exams were really well.
3. Tony asked me when we would meet for dinner.
4. Sally commented that she had travelled to Rome twice the previous year.
5. Dan’s sister refused to do the washing up for him.
6. The passenger wanted to know when the plane would land.
7. Adam suggested wearing smart clothes to Tom’s party the next Friday.
8. Mandy said she had forgotten to lock the garage when she had left that morning.
9. The children asked the teacher if they had to bring the dictionary the following day.
10. My father remarked that the new laptop didn’t work very well.
11. Peter wanted to know what time the new TV show began.
12. Molly offered to do the shopping for me.
13. Pam’s mother told her to tidy her room then
14. Dave invited Sue to have dinner that night.
15. Ted apologized for not having prepared dinner yet.

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 IF CLAUSE
Fraza condiţională de tipul 1
O frază condiţională de tipul 1 se referă la o condiţie posibilă în viitor şi la rezultatul
probabil al acesteia. Ea implică obţinerea unui anumit rezultat prin indeplinirea unei condiţii date.
Folosim timpul prezent in subordonata condiţionala(pentru exprimarea condiţiei) si viitorul in propoziţia
principală (pentru exprimarea rezultatului).
PROPOZIŢIA PRINCIPALĂ PROPOZIŢIA CONDIŢIONALĂ
SIMPLE FUTURE SIMPLE PRESENT
He will pass the exam if he studies.
El va lua examenul dacă va învăţa.

Fraza condiţională de tipul 2

O frază condiţională de tipul 2 se referă la o condiţie improbabilă sau ipotetică şi la
rezultatul probabil al acesteia. Folosim acest tip de condiţională pentru a exprima o situaţie
imaginară contrară realităţii prezente sau pentru a exprima o situaţie improbabilă intr-un
moment viitor. Folosim timpul trecut in condiţională şi Condiţionalul prezent in propoziţia principală.
PROPOZIŢIA PRINCIPALĂ PROPOZIŢIA CONDIŢIONALĂ
PRESENT CONDITIONAL SIMPLE PAST
He would pass the exam if he studied.
El ar lua examenul dacă ar învăţa.

Fraza condiţională de tipul 3

O frază condiţională de tipul 3 se referă la o condiţie ireală trecută si exprimă o situaţie
imaginară sau contrară realităţii intr-un moment trecut. Folosim mai mult ca perfectul in
subordonată si condiţionalul perfect in regentă.
PROPOZIŢIA PRINCIPALĂ PROPOZIŢIA CONDIŢIONALĂ
PERFECT CONDITIONAL SIMPLE PAST PERFECT
He would have passed the if he had studied.
exam
El ar fi luat examenul dacă ar fi învăţat.
Exemplul de mai sus se referă la o situaţie contrară realităţii trecute – el nu a învăţat, deci nu şi-
a luat examenul

84
 PRACTICE
I. Fill in the best form of the verb/phrase to make conditionals types 0/1/2/3.
1.- I don’t think she’s worried about us. If she (be) worried, she (phone) or something.
2.- I have an appointment at 3.30 tomorrow. If I (manage) to finish before 4.30, I (do) the shopping on my way back.
3.- Tom missed his flight. He (get) to the airport on time if he (not oversleep).
4.- If I (have) such a large house as yours, I (invite) all my friends for the weekend.
5.- If the child (not be playing) with matches, he (not burn) himself. Now he’s in hospital.
6.- She’s so shy. If she (talk) to people, she (make) friends.
7.- So, you’re seeing Terry tonight. If he (ask) you about me, (not, tell) him I’m going out with John.
8.- If a machine (be) properly maintained, it (fail, never)
9.- We (invite) him if we (know) his address, but he never gave it to us.
10.- Unless I (have) a problem, I (bother, never) my friends.
11.- You’re very strong. If you (try) you (win) your opponent.
12.- Look what you’ve done. If you (be) careful, you (not, break) all those glasses.
13.- I was so stupid! Nothing (happened) if I (not, moved) to his flat.
14.- She’s a bit short. If she (be) taller she (can) play basket.
15.- Sorry. I (lend) you the money you need if I (have) it.
16.- The bus is full up. If there (be) an empty seat, I (sit) down.
17.- Why didn’t you go to the police station? If you (report) the theft, they (can arrest) the robbers.
18.- I (leave) him a message but he (not, be) home when I phoned.

II. Circle the right option:

1.- If we take / will take a taxi, we will arrive / arrived sooner.
2.- You wouldn’t get / didn’t get wet if you would have worn / were wearing a coat.
3.- If our team had scored / scored more goals, it had won / could have won.
4.- I had given / would have given you the news if you phoned / had phoned me yesterday.
5.- If you took / would have taken more exercise, you might feel / had felt better
6.- If Tim drove / had driven more carefully, he wouldn’t have crashed / didn’t crash.
7.- If we are/would be late for class, our teacher will be / was angry.
8.- If we lived / would live on another planet, we would see / will see the Earth in the sky.
9.- If we were / are birds, we would be able / are able to fly.
10.- If you don’t wear / wouldn’t wear your pullover, you will feel / felt cold.
11.- If I had / would have lots of money, I would give / gave some to all my friends.
12.- If I had known / would know it was your birthday, I would sen / would have sent you a card.
13.- If you had come / came to seen the film, you would have enjoyed/ had enjoyed it.

III. Complete with the correct form to form conditional sentences:

1. If Dave _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (not, invite) me to his birthday party, I would feel disappointed.
2. If I hadn’t got up earlier, I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (miss) my flight to Vienna.
3. We _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (stay) at home if it snows tomorrow.
4. If we _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (earn) enough money, we’ll buy a new hi-fi system.
5. What would you do if you _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (get) lost in a forest at night?
6. Kevin wouldn’t have moved to Britain if he _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (find) a decent job here.
7. If I knew Diana’s address, I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (send) her a valentine card.
8. What _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (Jane, do) if she fails the university entrance examination?
9. If John’s parents _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (know) French, they could help him with his project.
10. If Finn _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (apologize) to me, I would have forgiven him.
11. My cousin would play video games all day long if his parents _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (allow) him to.
12. If Emma _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (not, feel) better tomorrow, she should see a doctor.
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13. Who _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (you, choose) if you could take one friend to go to Disneyland with you?
14. Kate _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (call) you if she had known you were ill.
15. If you _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (be) cold, you can put on warm socks and a bathrobe.
16. James would buy his wife a BMW if he _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (be) richer.
17. If Barbara and Paul _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (spend) more time together their marriage would have lasted longer.
18. My parents _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (buy) me a new MP3 player if I pass my final exams.
19. If my team _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (lose) the match, we will fall to the second division.
20. If the concert _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (finish) earlier, I would have taken the 10.30 bus.

IV. Fill in the gaps with the type 2 conditional sentences.

1. If my children ________ (like) raw fruit, I _________ (not / need) to boil it.
2. The road traffic _______ (flow) if there _______ (be) some policemen.
3. Communication _____ (not / be) so easy if there ____ (not / be) for the Internet.
4. If the cardigan __________ (not / be) so expensive, I _________ (buy) it.
5. If I __________ (not / have) a computer, I ___________ (borrow) one.
6. If the dress __________ (not / be) so tight, I __________ (wear) it tonight.
7. If I ________ (not / like) chocolate so much, I _________ (give) you this piece.
8. If you ______ (be) more understanding, we could have a better relationship.
9. If you __________ (turn) the TV on, we __________ (wake up) our neighbours.
10. We ________ (visit) the Eiffel Tower if we _________ (go) to Paris.
11. If I _____ (be) you, I ______ (apply) for the job.
12. If Ann _______ (apply) for the job, she ________ (get) it.

V. Fill in the gaps so as to build correct type 3 conditional sentences.

1. If you _________ (have) some protection, you _________ (damage) your eyes.
2. It ______ (be) impossible to enter the building if the porter _____ (not / be) there.
3. If the flight hadn’t been delayed, my boss __________ (arrive) on time to the meeting.
4. If the driver ________ (stop) at the red sign, I _________ (not / have) the accident.
5. I __________ (eat) the soup if it __________ (not / be) so salty.
6. If the thieves __ (rob) the whole jewellery store, the owners would have been ruined.
7. If you ________ (take) your umbrella, you ________ (not / catch) a cold.
8. I __________ (manage) to escape the storm if I __________ (be) more cautious.
9. The burglars ______ (escape) to a foreign country if the police ____ (not / catch) them.
10. If you _______ (learn) to play the piano, you could have participated in the contest.
11. If you ______ (study) more, you ______ (get) a better mark.
12. There _____ (be) a fight if the police ________ (not / arrive) in time.

VI. Fill in the blanks with either second or third conditional.

1. You ____________ (notice) my new haircut if you had been more attentive.
2. If you _____________ (enjoy) modern art, we could visit the new exhibition.
3. If you had eaten at lunch, you ______________ (not / be) so hungry now.
4. If there were an ashtray in the house, we _____________ (not / need) to go to the balcony to smoke a cigarette.
5. I would apply for the job if I ____________ (know) how to write an application letter.
6. If I _____________ (go) to the job interview, I might have got the job.
7. You would need to find another job if you _____________ (move) to a new town.
8. I would exercise twice a day if I _____________ (have) more time.
9. If the T-shirt _____________ (not / be) so loose, I would wear it.
10. If the factory ______________ (not / close), many workers wouldn’t be unemployed.
11. If there hadn’t been for the snow, most European airports ___ (not / close) during Christmas time.
12. If there wasn’t for the fire, we _______________ (freeze) to death.

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13. I would eat your adorable meatloaf if I _____________ (not / be) a vegetarian.
14. If you _______________ (teach) me how to dance, I would learn it fast.

87
 INTERIM EVAL 1
PART 1 - Reading Comprehension
Hot dog eating champion retains title after tiebreaker
Friday, July 4, 2008
For the second year in a row, American competitive eater Joey Chestnut defeated his Japanese
rival Takeru Kobayashi at the annual Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest in New York City, after a tie
forced a five-hot-dog eat-off to be held.
After ten minutes of hot dog eating, two shorter than in previous years, Chestnut and Kobayashi
were tied at 59 frankfurters. But after the rare tiebreaker, 24-year-old Chestnut emerged as the winner,
claiming a $10,000 prize and a mustard-yellow belt. "It was crazy," he said. "I'm just a normal guy eating
hot dogs on the Fourth. You can't overcomplicate it."
Kobayashi, whose loss last year shattered a six-year winning streak, said that a sore jaw and a
tooth problem may have altered his performance. "If I put one more mouthful in, I could have won", the
30-year-old Nagano native said through a translator. "I lost because I wasn't quick enough in the
rematch."
This year, the 22 competitors were under a 10-minute time limit, unlike the 12 minutes used for
previous contests. The reason for this, according to Nathan's, was the discovery of a document from 1916,
which revealed that the original competition was 10 minutes long.
Thousands gathered at Coney Island to watch the annual event, which has become one of the more
colorful traditions of America's Independence Day.
1. Who won the contest last year? D. The text does not say
A. Takeru Kobayashi 7. Who won the contest two years ago and in
B. Joey Chestnut the five years before that?
C. First there was a tie, then Chestnut A. Takeru Kobayashi
won B. Joey Chestnut
D. The text does not say C. Somebody else
2. Who came second last year? D. The text does not say
A. Takeru Kobayashi 8. How long was the contest in 1916?
B. Joey Chestnut A. Under 10 minutes
C. Somebody else B. 10 minutes
D. The text does not say C. 12 minutes
3. How long was the competition this year? D. The text does not say
A. 10 minutes 9. Where is Takeru Kobayashi from?
B. 12 minutes A. Coney Island
C. More than 10 minutes B. Nagano
D. The text does not say C. New York
4. How long was the competition last year? D. None of the above
A. 8 minutes 10. Where is Joey Chestnut from?
B. 10 minutes A. Coney Island
C. 12 minutes B. Nagano
D. The text does not say C. New York
5. How many hot dogs did Joey Chestnut eat in D. None of the above
the whole of the final? 11. On what occasion is the contest held?
A. 59 A. Coney Island's birthday
B. 64 B. The discovery of a document in
C. Between 59 and 64 1916
D. The text does not say C. Independence Day
6. How many hot dogs did Takeru Kobayashi D. None of the above
eat in the whole of the final? 12. Which sentence is true for Kobayashi?
A. 59 A. He said he had health problems
B. 64 after the contest
C. Between 59 and 64 B. He didn't speak English
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 C. He said the rematch wasn't fair D. None of the above

PART 2 – Grammar and Vocabulary

1. I am not making much money ….. c) weren't, have always loved
a) these days d) aren't, had always loved
b) so far this year 11. I ….him yesterday evening. I …..him for ages.
c) presently a) had seen, didn't see
d) lately b) saw, haven't seen
2. At the moment she is going out with Keith and c) saw, didn't see
they …. very happy together. d) saw, hadn't seen
a) are seeming 12. It …... as nice on the terrace as my sister … but
b) should seem we were definitely enjoying the evening.
c) seem a) had not been, expected
d) are likely to seem b) was not, expected
3. I ….what you…..now. He ….he should get a c) was not, had expected
second chance. d) hadn't need, was expecting
a) 'm seeing, mean, is thinking 13. I can't believe it! Smith …. money from the till all
b) see, are meaning, thinks this time!
c) see, mean, thinking a) stole
d) see, mean, thinks b) has stolen
4. You ….me! I'm afraid I … with you. c) has been stealing
a) astonish, am agreeing d) was stealing
b) are astonishing, disagree 14. It's incredible! Julia ….. for a pay-rise three times
c) astonish, disagree this year.
d) are astonishing, 'm disagreeing a) has asked
5. I hope this trip ….. too expensive for us. b) have been asking
a) is not going to be c) did ask
b) is not to be d) would ask
c) won't be 15. On the news this morning: The two banks ……
d) should not be plans to merge next year.
6. By the end of the week we ….. where to go. a) announced
a) have decided b) have announced
b) must have decided c) are announcing
c) will decide d) have been announcing
d) will have decided 16. .………the latest? She's leaving her husband and
7. Maybe by the time we get to the theatre..... going to live in Italy.
a) the play will already started. a) Did you hear
b) the play will already have started. b) Did you know
c) the play has already started c) Have you heard
d) the play already started. d) Do you know
8. I haven't seen any work yet. I suppose I …some 17. Luckily by the time we got there the painting
day. ……
a) am going to a) hadn't been sold
b) shall b) wasn't sold
c) am seeing c) hasn't been sold
d) 'll have d) wasn't going to be sold
9. Last night my neighbours …. for hours and I 18. No one knew that Paul …… in the investigation
couldn't get to sleep. since the very beginning.
a) were shouting a) will be involved
b) would shout b) had been involved
c) used to shout c) has involved
d) did shout d) can be involved
10. They ……really our cousins, but we ….them 19. If …… necessary, take a taxi.
a) weren't, had always loved a) it would be
b) had not been, always loved b) it might be

89
c) it was c) up
d) 0 d) down
20. …… you see Anna, could you ask her to call me? 30. Alex earns very little as a classical pianist, …. his
a) If only brother's pop musicals have made millions.
b) Unless a) compared with
c) Should b) whereas
d) Would c) in spite of
21. ………..the problem, he ……those stupid d) since
questions. 31. The …… of better living conditions in Europe
a) If he understands, wouldn't ask has long been a desire for most of the countries.
b) If he had understood, weren't asking a) necessity
c) Had he understood, wouldn't have asked b) congregation
d) Should he understand, needn't have asked c) association
22. Surely you are not ……. Jane Fonda, are you? d) concomitance
a) the 32. The country longs to be free of colonial….
b) 0 a) dominance
c) very b) domination
d) the one c) dominion
23. You never say what you're thinking, …… you? d) domain
a) don't 33. The king enjoyed a long …., and was ….by his
b) do daughter Elizabeth.
c) haven't a) kingship, sequenced
d) are b) realm, followed
24. You'll be leaving for Venice soon,………..? c) reign, succeeded
a) aren't you d) living, tracked
b) won't you 34. I woke up screaming after having a terrible......
c) don't you a) nightfall
d) shall you b) nightshift
25. Sean Connery was awarded a knighthood in c) midnight
recognition …... his work and charity. d) nightmare
a) to 35. She's a sociable girl with lots of friends. …… she
b) of can get lonely, like anyone else.
c) for a) Even so
d) at b) Furthermore
26. …… the time I got there, I found out that the c) To some extent
tickets were sold out. d) In the first place
a) On 36. No-one can find Helen or her son …..
b) By a) somewhere
c) In b) nowhere
d) At c) anywhere
27. I can't understand why he is always …… dispute d) everywhere
with his wife. 37. We lived ……the next village.
a) on a) far from
b) at b) far away
c) in c) off from
d) of d) farther of
28. The new play didn't come …… expectation. 38. She felt ……….about leaving him
a) to a) pretty badly
b) up against b) pretty bad
c) up to c) rather badly
d) about d) badly enough
29. Deanna broke …… and wept when she heard the 39. They feel very lonely. They talk to …… a lot.
bad news. a) each other
a) out b) one another
b) off c) themselves

90
d) them b) stroke
40. …… people like the sea; others prefer the c) struck
mountains. d) striked
a) Them 45. …Pacific Ocean is….largest body of water
b) Every on….Earth.
c) Any a) 0, the, 0
d) Some b) 0, the, the
41. I'd like to see the old house, ………she told me c) The, 0, 0
about when we last met. d) The, the, 0
a) that 46. ….football was fast becoming ….popular sport
b) who worldwide.
c) which a) The, a
d) of which b) 0, the
42. Here's the money, you can go and buy …..a car. c) The, the
a) for yourself d) 0, a
b) on yourself 47. The head of the party said he …… the behaviour
c) yourself of the demonstrators.
d) to yourself a) offended
43. So far researchers have not …... a way to fight the b) reproached
virus. c) stressed
a) finded d) deplored
b) find 48. The old railway line has been …… as far as the
c) founded new airport.
d) found a) extended
44. She took two quick steps forward and …… him b) expanded
across the mouth. c) enlarged
a) stroked d) augmented

91
 TENSE FOLLOW UP

Q1. I ..... tennis every Sunday morning.

playing

play

am playing

am play

Q2. Don't make so much noise.

Noriko ..... to study for her
ESL test!
try

tries

tried

is trying

Q3. Jun-Sik ..... his teeth before

breakfast every morning.
will cleaned

is cleaning

cleans

clean

Q4. Sorry, she can't come to the phone.

She ..... a bath!
is having

having

have

has

Q5. ..... many times every winter in

Frankfurt.
It snows

It snowed

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 It is snowing wearing
wear
It is snow is wearing
Q6. How many students in your
Q12. I think I ..... a new calculator. This one
class ..... from Korea?
does not work properly any more.
comes
needs
come needed
need
came am needing

are coming Q13. Sorry, you can't borrow my pencil. I ..... it

myself.
Q7. Weather report: "It's seven o'clock in
was using
Frankfurt and ..... ."
using
there is snow
use
it`s snowing am using

it snows Q14. At a school dance:

Jane: " ..... yourself?"
it snowed Mary: "Yes, I'm having a great time!"
You enjoying
Enjoy you
Q8. Babies ..... when they are hungry.
Do you enjoy
cry
Are you enjoying
cries
cried
Q15. I've just finished reading a story
are crying called Dangerous Game. It's about a man
who .....his wife because he doesn't want
Q9. Jane: "What ..... in the evenings?" to lose her.
Mary: "Usually I watch TV or read a Kills
book."
Killed
you doing
Kill
you do
is killing
do you do
are you doing Q16. What time .....

Q10. Jane: "What ..... ?" the train leaves?

Mary: "I'm trying to fix my calculator."
you doing leaves the train?
you do
do you do is the train leaving?
are you doing does the train leave?

Q11. Jane ..... her blue jeans today, but usually Q17. Jane: "Are you going to the dance on
she wears a skirt or a dress. Friday?"
wears Mary: "No, I'm not. I ..... school dances;
93
 they're loud, hot and crowded!" am looking
not enjoy
Q19. You can keep my iPod if
don`t enjoy you like. I ..... it any more.
don`t use
doesn`t enjoy
doesn`t use
am not enjoying
didn`t use
Q18. I ..... for my pen. Have you seen it?
am not using
will look
Q20. The phone ...... Can you answer it, please?
looking Rings
Ring
look
Rang
is ringing
Auxiliaries
1. I have ... something out of the freezer D. ? are
for dinner. 7. Jim ... up at seven o'clock on school
A. ? take days.
B. ? takes A. ? wakes
C. ? took B. ? were waking
D. ? taken C. ? does wake
2. We ... really enjoy the film last night. D. ? is waking
A. ? don't 8. John ... a red T-shirt today.
B. ? didn't A. ? wears
C. ? doen't B. ? is wearing
D. ? not C. ? wore
3. I ... for the bank for twenty years. Then I D. ? was wearing
gave it all up. 9. Frank ... in the same house since 1988.
A. ? work A. ? lived
B. ? have worked B. ? lives
C. ? works C. ? is living
D. ? worked D. ? has lived
4. ... you ever seen the Northern Lights? 10. I was late for my train. When I arrived,
A. ? Do it ... already ... .
B. ? Did A. ? was ... left
C. ? Have B. ? has ... left
D. ? Has C. ? were ... leaving
5. When did you ... back from your D. ? had ... left
holidays? 11. I ... to work on Saturdays.
A. ? arrive A. ? am not going
B. ? arrived B. ? don't go
C. ? arriving C. ? doesn't go
D. ? have arrived D. ? wasn't going
6. I ... having a really good time tonight. 12. Erik ... in Oslo. He's Norwegian.
A. ? be A. ? is living
B. ? is B. ? live
C. ? am C. ? lives

94
 D. ? lived D. ? didn't
13. What ... when the phone rang? 17. ... out last night?
A. ? you were doing A. ? Were you going
B. ? did you B. ? Did you go
C. ? you did C. ? You went
D. ? were you doing D. ? Have you gone
14. Erik ... with friends in London at the 18. Jade ... a lot in the last year. She's
moment. getting bigger still.
A. ? stays A. ? has grown
B. ? is staying B. ? grows
C. ? has stayed C. ? grew
D. ? was staying D. ? was growing
15. The River Thames ... through London. 19. She ... the coffee before we arrived.
A. ? flows A. ? makes
B. ? are flowing B. ? has made
C. ? is flowing C. ? had made
D. ? has flowed D. ? were making
16. I bought my house last year and I ... a lot 20. You ... very kind. Thank you very much.
of work on it since then. A. ? is
A. ? did B. ? were
B. ? has done C. ? are being
C. ? have done D. ? are
III. Choose the correct verb form
1 Yesterday the meeting begin / begins / began / begun / has begun at 10 o'clock.
2 Look at these clouds, it rains / will rain / is raining / is going to rain in a minute!
3 She goes / gone / went / has gone to see the doctor last week because she feels / feeled / fell / felt ill.
4 Our regular customers always get / are always getting a discount.
5 If I am / was / were / have been you, I will do / would do / am doing my homework.
6 I live / lived / have lived / have been living here for ten years now.
7 I am sorry, we don't sell / aren't selling women's clothes.
8 They watch / are watching/ watched / were watching television when suddenly someone knocks / is
knocking / knocked / was knocking at the door.
9 Spanish is speaking / is spoken / is being spoken / has spoken in many countries.
10 I know / knew / have known / had known my wife for a few years before I marry / married / have
married / had married her.
IV. Choose the right option
1. They didn't take my remarks seriously. 3. - Shall we stay at home or go for a
In fact, ... walk ? -Which ... rather do ?
A. ? they were thinking I joked A. ? do you
B. ? they thought I was joking. B. ? will you
C. ? they thought I joked. C. ? would you
D. ? they were thinking I was D. ? have you
joking. 4. - I didn't really enjoy the party last
2. - I'll be down in two minutes ! - OK, I'll night. - No, ...
wait until ... ready. A. ? neither did I.
A. ? you are B. ? I didn't too
B. ? you will be C. ? so did I
C. ? you'll be D. ? neither have I
D. ? you are going to be 5. If you ... tomorrow, you ... meet my
wife.

95
 A. ? came ... would meet B. ? would
B. ? come .... would meet C. ? had
C. ? will come ... meet D. ? could
D. ? are coming ... will meet 9. We'll call as soon as we ... in Miami.
6. ... he call, tell him we'll be home late. A. ? are landing
A. ? Shall B. ? land
B. ? Should C. ? will land
C. ? Will D. ? will have landed
D. ? Would 10. If he ... an earlier train, he ... be here by
7. ... eight years since he ... his record. now.
A. ? There are ... broke A. ? took ... would be
B. ? It is ... broke B. ? had taken ... is
C. ? It has been ... has broken C. ? would have taken ... would
D. ? It has been ... broke be
8. You ... come before dark. The road is a D. ? had taken ... would have
bit dangerous. been
A. ? should
V. Modals
1. Fortunately, I .... working alone otherwise I would have got really bored at the night shift.
A) was supposed to
B) was to
C) was used to
D) would
E) used to
2. I don't think it was a good idea to intervene, instead, you .... your child to abandon the habit of thumb-
sucking gradually, all by himself.
A) have allowed
B) had allowed
C) must have allowed
D) were able to allow
E) could have allowed
3. After the voyaging ship was wrecked during a storm at sea, unfortunately, only two of the men on
board .... swim to the small island nearby.
A) might
B) were supposed to
C) could
D) were able to
E) had to
4. I don't know why she didn't ask me how to do it as I ---- her.
A) must have helped
B) could have helped
C) might help
D) should have helped
E) could help
5. Martin ---- my tennis racket without asking my permission. I got really angry with him.
A) needn't have taken
B) must not have taken
C) shouldn't have taken
D) didn't need to taken
E) might not have taken

96
6. I don't know why Peter is so late; do you think he ---- lost coming here?
A) may get
B) could get
C) must have got
D) might have got
E) was to have got
7. What ---- to Phil? He said he ---- here at eight o'clock.
A) might have happened / will be
B) should have happened / has been
C) may happen / will have been
D) would happen / is
E) can have happened / would be
8. One of the US national security advisers ---- there ---- better intelligence sharing before the September
11 attacks.

A) had acknowledged / can be

B) acknowledges / might be
C) has acknowledged / could have been
D) acknowledged / must be
E) would acknowledge / will have been
9. We all think that Maria ---- an interesting person to meet as we ---- a lot of stories about her so far.
A) is / had heard
B) can be / heard
C) might have been / hear
D) would be / have heard
E) will be / will have heard
10. As a young woman who had never given birth before, she ---- what the experience of childbirth ----
like.
A) doesn't know / will be
B) may not know / is
C) must not have known / will be
D) may not know / would be
E) couldn't have known / would be

97
 ACTIVE VOICE – PASSIVE VOICE

 CÂND ESTE DIATEZA PASIVĂ FOLOSITĂ?

Folosim diateza pasivă atunci când:
(A) Autorul este necunoscut:
(i) My mobile has been stolen. (= Someone has stolen my mobile)
(ii) The first tools were made in Africa two million years ago. (= People made the
first tools in Africa two million years ago.)
(B) Acţiunea sau cel care suportă acţiunea sunt mai importante decât autorul:
(i) Income tax was introduced in England in 1798.
(ii) The Prime Minister was given a warm welcome.
(C) Este evident cine sau ce a făcut acţiunea:
(i) The thief has been arrested. (By the police)
(ii) The meeting is called off. (By the management)
(iii) The new law of income tax is introduced. (By the government)

 REGULI PENTRU A TRANSFORMA DIN ACTIV ÎN PASIV

(A) Doar verbele tranzitive (cele care primesc un complement pentru a le întregi sensul) pot fi
puse la diateză pasivă. Ex.
(i) She ate an apple. (=vb. tranzitiv) An apple was eaten by her.
(ii) The tree grows. (=vb. intranzitiv) Can’t be changed into passive.

(B) Se schimbă locul subiectului şi al complementului.

Exemple: Active Sentence: Greg painted the gate just now.

Subject: The person who Active Object: The thing that

did the action. Verb received the action

Passive Sentence: The gate was painted by Greg just now.

Subject: The thing that Passive Object: The person who

received the action Verb did the action.

(C) Când se tranformă propoziţia din activ în pasiv se modifică şi structura predicatului:
NO. TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE
1 Simple Present Tense Write/s Is/am/are + written
2 Simple Past Tense wrote Was/were + written
3 Simple Future Tense Will write Will + be + written
4 Present Continuous Tense Is/am/are writing Is/am/are + being + written
5 Past Continuous Tense Was/were writing Was/were + being + written
6 Future Continuous Tense Will be writing Will be writing (No Changes)
7 Present Perfect Tense Has/have written Has/have + been + written
8 Past Perfect Tense Had written Had + been + written
9 Future Perfect Tense Will have written Will + have + been + written
98
 10 Infinitive Form To write To + be + written
11 Modal Auxiliary May/might/shall/should … May/might/shall/should … + be
+ write + written
12 Imperative Sentences Write that letter Let + that letter + be + written
13 Sentences with ‘LET’ Let her write a letter Let + that letter + be + written
14 Miscellaneous It is said … He is said to …
15 Miscellaneous Everyone predicts that... It is predicted that …

(D) Conjuncţii ca ‘by’, ‘with’, ‘to’, ‘in’ etc. apar în faţa complementelor (de agent) în diateza
pasivă. Exemple:
(i) A saw cut the tree. (Active)
The tree was cut with a saw. [cram, crowd, decorate, fill, flood throng]
(ii) I know him. (Active)
He is known to me. (Passive)
(iii) This rack contains 200 books. (Active)
200 books are contained in this rack. (Passive)
(iv) Nila wrote a nice letter. (Active)
A nice letter was written by Nila. (Passive)

(E) Uneori propoziţia la diateză pasivă nu precizezază cine face acţiunea (subiectul). Prin
urmare, atunci când tranformăm în activ aproximăm cine ar putea fi autorul acţiunii.
Example:
(i) Our house was broken into last night. (Passive)
Some burglars broke into our house last night. (Active)

(F) Verbe cu două complemente:

Uneori câte un verb la diateză activă (ex. give) primeşte două complemente:
A witness gave the police some information. (Active)
1 2

Oricare complement poate îndeplini rolul de subiect al propoziţiei la diateză pasivă:

The police were given some information by a witness. (Passive) –-- (A)
2

Some information was given to the police by a witness. (Passive) --- (B)
1

Notă: De obicei se proferă varianta în care subiectul este o persoană şi nu un lucru, prin
urmare varianta A este preferată în cazul exemplului de mai sus.

(G) Atunci când folosim adverbe de timp, mod sau frecvenţă de obicei acestea apar după primul
auxiliar al predicatului, de ex.
1. We are always taught to be kind and honest.
2. Shyam and Raju have seldom been seen at the gym.
3. The carpets are often put out to air in the sun.

(H) Când se transformă o locuţiune verbală (verb + preposition OR verb + adverb) din activ în
pasiv este important să nu omitem adverbul sau prepoziţia care intră în structura acestuia,
de ex:
A. Coca Cola took over the brand Thumbs up in the last decade of 20th century.
P. The brand Thumbs up was taken over by Coca Cola in the last decade of 20th cen.

99
 LET’S PRACTICE!
(A) (Simple Present) Turtles _________ (find) in all the warm oceans of the world. Turtle’s nests
_________ (make) at night on sandy beaches. About one hundred eggs _________ (lay) in each nest.
However, nesting turtles _________ (often disturb) by noise and light of the discos. When the babies
leave the nest for the sea, they follow the light of the moon. But if they _________ (distract) by hotel
lights, they move in the wrong direction. Babies who lose their way on the beach _________ (often kill)
by birds. If they reach the sea, they _________ (sometimes injure) or even killed by speedboats.

(B) (A/P) People all over the world _________ (drink) tea. It _________ (suppose) to be a very
refreshing drink. It _________ (also offer) to the guests as a mark of courtesy. To make tea _________
(be) quite easy. Tea leaves _________ (take) in a teapot and boiling water _________ (pour) over them.
The teapot _________ (keep) aside for a couple of minutes. Meanwhile milk _________ (boil) in another
pot. Now tea water _________ (pour) into a cup. Milk and sugar _________ (add) to it according to one’s
taste. And a refreshing cup of tea _________ (be) ready.

(C)
1. Gerry has fed the cat this morning.
The cat
2. They always announce the result of the exam in June.
The result…
3. Students don't speak English in class.
English…
4. My wallet was taken by a thief.
A thief…
5. Thomas Edison didn’t invent the light bulb in 1867.
The light bulb…
6. The bedrooms have been cleaned by the maid.
The maid…
7. The boys offered the girls some help.
* The girl…
* Some…
8. Helen is not making us dinner tonight.
* Dinner…
* We…
9. A hail storm destroyed many homes last week.
Many homes…
10. Notebooks are going to be bought for the school.
We…
11. Farmers had often used pesticides when planting corn.
Pesticides…
12. Cricket is not played in America.
People…
13. Sherry can listen to music in every room of her home.
Music…
14. Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa in Venice.
The Mona Lisa…
15. My students have given me a cherry tree for my garden.
*I…
* A cherry tree …

100
(D) (Simple Past) Last summer Tom went camping with Boy Scouts. First, the ground _________
(clear) of stones and plants. The tents _________ (put up) in a circle. A special shelf _________ (make) in
each tent 4 inches off the ground. The suitcases and sleeping bags _________ (put) on this shelf. Wood
_________ (collect) and _________ (place) in the centre of the circle for fire. The kitchen tent
_________ (put up) near the sleeping tents. All the food _________ (put) inside this tent to keep it safe.
The boys stayed in this camp for eight days.

(E) (A/P) Let me tell you of a country where planting trees _________ (be) an essential part of life.
This country is Israel. In Israel, in the days gone by, fathers _________ (plant) trees when their children
_________ (bear). A cedar tree _________ (plant) if the child ________ (be) a boy, for cedars are usually
tall and strong. But if the child _________ (be) a girl, the father _________ (plant) a cypress tree, for
cypress suggests softness and sweetness. The children _________ (look) after these trees until they
_________ (get) married. At the marriage ceremony, branches from these trees _________ (cut) to hold
up the wedding tent.

(F) Put the verb into the correct form, present simple or past simple, active or passive.
(1) It is a big factory. Five hundred people _________ (employ) there.
(2) _________ (somebody/clean) this room yesterday?
(3) Water _________ (cover) most of the earth’s surface.
(4) How much of the earth’s surface _________ (cover) by water?
(5) The park gates _________ (lock) at 6.30 p.m. every evening.
(6) The letter _________ (post) a week ago and it _________ (arrive) yesterday.
(7) The boat hit a rock and _________ (sink) quickly. Fortunately everybody _________
(rescue).
(8) Richard’s parents _________ (die) when he was very young. He and his sister _________
(bring up) by their grand parents.
(9) I was born in London, but I _________ (grow up) in Canada.
(10) While I was on holiday, my camera _________ (steal) from my hotel room.
(11) While I was on holiday, my camera _________ (disappear) from my hotel room.
(12) Why _________ (Sue/resign) from her job? Didn’t she enjoy it?
(13) Why _________ (Bill/sack) from his job? What did he do wrong?
(14) The company is not independent. It ________ (own) by a much larger company.
(15) I saw an accident last night. Somebody _________ (call) an ambulance but nobody
_________ (injure), so the ambulance_________ (not/need).
(16) Where _________ (these photographs/take)? In London? _________ (you/take) them, or
somebody else?
(17) Sometimes it is quite noisy living here, but it is not problem for me – I _________
(not/bother) by it.

(G) (Simple Future) Mrs. Lal is the headmistress of a big school. The students of her school are
going to stage a play Mrs. Lal is talking to the director.
Mrs. Lal: Have the boy’s costumes been made?
Director: They _________ (make) by the end of this week.
Mrs. Lal: What about the girl’s dress?
Director: They _________ (finish) tomorrow.
Mrs. Lal: Have the curtains been mended?
Director: I don’t think they _________ (mend) until Thursday.
Mrs. Lal: What about the chairs?
Director: I think they _________ (sell) in a couple of days.

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(H) Rewrite the sentences into the passive voice:
1. Pam has given Terry a new iPad.
Terry ______________________________________
2. The plumber repaired our heating yesterday.
We had ____________________________________
3. The children are going to draw some animals.
Some animals _______________________________
4. People believed that the Prime Minister lied about the crisis.
It __________________________________________
5. Paul rejected Mandy’s wedding invitation.
Mandy’s _____________________________________
6. The optician will test my grandfather’s eyes next month.
My grandfather _____________________________
7. Does the museum open on Sunday afternoon?
Is ___________________________________________
8. Every candidate has to attend an interview.
An interview ________________________________
9. Consumers say that the cost of living has shot up lately.
The cost of living _____________________________
10. How much does your family spend on Christmas presents?
How much __________________________________
11. Some students haven’t handed in the history essays yet.
The history essays ___________________________
12. This restaurant serves a cheap menu on weekdays.
A cheap menu _______________________________
13. The teacher didn’t allow us to leave before 2:30 p.m.
We __________________________________________
14. The farmer is milking the cow.
The cow _____________________________________
15. Dad made Sue clear the table.
Sue _________________________________________
16. S & S sells nice shoes at reasonable prices.
Nice shoes ___________________________________

(I) (Mixed) Last summer, I took an airplane flight from London to New York. I _________ (board)
the plane at Croydon Airfield and, from that moment on, my life _________ (arrange) for me by the flight
attendants on the trip. First, I _________ (direct) to my seat by the flight attendants. Then, when the plane
_________ (be) ready to take off, the other passengers and I _________ (tell) to fasten our seat belts.
Next, we _________ (advise) where the emergency exits were. I _________ (make) sure that I
_________ (give) a seat next to an exit.
A few minutes after take off, magazines and newspapers _________ (distribute). Because my ears hurt, I
_________ (take) out some gum to chew. Next, we _________ (give) instructions on what to do in case of
an emergency. I _________ (pay) two dollars for some earphones, which I _________ (use) later to watch
the movie.
Before dinner, we _________ (ask) if we _________ (want) a cocktail. Dinner _________ (serve) on a
tray, and it _________ (be + not) too bad; it was chicken. We _________ (permit) to have a refill on any
beverage.
After dinner, we _________ (show) a funny movie. When I _________ (feel) cold, I _________ (give) a
blanket, and when I felt airsick, I _________ (give) a paper bag. Everything _________ (do) for the

102
comfort of the passengers. When the plane _________ (land), I _________ (be) sorry to have to leave and
start doing things for myself again.

(J) (Mixed) Four burglars have escaped from custody only hours after _________ (sentence) to ten
years in prison. They _________ (transfer) from the law courts in Manchester to Strangeways Prison.
They _________ (find) guilty of stealing electrical goods and money from shops in the Manchester area.
It _________ (think) that they were all members of the same gang. They escaped from the van in which
they _________ (transport), when the driver _________ (force) to stop because of a tree across the road.
It _________ (believe) that the tree _________ (place) by other members of the gang, who _________
(inform) of the route _________ (take) by the van. A full investigation of the events leading to escape
_________ (order) and anyone with information _________ (ask) to contact the police to help with their
enquiries.

(K) Twenty five years ago, my father ______ (join) a well known law firm as a junior lawyer. Dad
______ (dedicate) and smart and he ______ (rise) quickly in the firm. Soon after, the firm ______
(employ) Mum as the personal assistant to the manager. Dad and Mum ______ (fall) in love and ______
(get) married six months later.
Today, Dad ______ (hold) the position of a senior partner in the firm. My parents ______ (raise) three
children. They ______ (give) us plenty of love, encouragement and sound advice when we were young.
We ______ always ______ (be) grateful to them.
Next Friday, my parents ______ (celebrate) their silver wedding anniversary. My brothers and I ______
(compare) an evening of entertainment. We ______ (present) them with gifts to cherish as mementos.

(L) Fill in the blanks with the correct passive form of the verb in brackets.
(1) A government minister _________ (find) guilty of fraud yesterday.
(2) It was a lovely surprise to find all the washing-up _________ (do) while I was asleep.
(3) These souvenirs _________ (make) by children from the local school.
(4) I didn’t come here in order _________ (make) a fool of!
(5) The votes _________ (count) right now and we should know the result before midnight.
(6) This parcel appears _________ (open) before it _________ (deliver).
(7) As he _________ (sack) from his previous job, he found it hard to get another.
(8) The judges still have to decide which design _________ (award) the top prize.
(9) Many accidents _________ (cause) by dangerous driving.
(10) Cheese _________ (make) from milk.
(11) The roof of the building _________ (damage) in a storm a few days ago.
(12) You _________ (invite) to the wedding. Why didn’t you go?
(13) A cinema is a place where films _________ (show).
(14) In the US, elections for president _________ (hold) every four years.
(15) Originally the book _________ (write) in Spanish, and a few years ago it _________
(translate) into English.
(16) Although we were driving quite fast, we _________ (overtake) by a lot of other cars.
(17) You can’t see the house from the road. It _________ (surround) by trees.
(18) The situation is serious, something must _________ (do) before it’s too late.
(19) I haven’t received that letter. That might _________ (send) to the wrong address.
(20) A decision will not _________ (make) until the next meeting.
(21) Do you think that more money should _________ (spend) on education?
(22) This road is in very bad condition. It should _________ (repair) a long time ago.
(23) The injured man couldn’t walk and had to _________ (carry).
(24) It is not certain how the fire started. But it might _________ (cause) by an electrical fault.
(25) I told the hotel receptionist I wanted to _________ (wake) at 6.30 the next morning.

103
(26) If you hadn’t pushed the policeman you wouldn’t _________ (arrest).

(M) Rewrite these sentences in Active Voice. Supply the subject yourself wherever needed:
1. Her sweet will never be heard again in this hall.
2. Superstitions are still believed in.
3. These instructions can be easily understood.
4. The account had already been checked by me.
5. Living conditions are being gradually improved.
6. It is often said that honesty pays in the long run.
7. The late comers shouldn’t be permitted into the examination hall.
8. Was the patient requested to wait?
9. What are you being disturbed by?
10. How many candidates were called for interview?
11. Rotten eggs and tomatoes were thrown at the speaker.

(N) Rewrite these sentences in Passive Voice. Remove subjects if needed:

1. Somebody cleans the room everyday.
2. They cancelled all flights because of fog.
3. People don’t use this road much.
4. Somebody accused me of stealing money.
5. How do people learn languages?
6. Somebody warned us not to go out alone.
7. Somebody has cleaned the room.
8. They have postponed the meeting.
9. Somebody is using the computers at the moment.
10. I didn’t realise that somebody was recording our conversation.
11. When we got to the stadium, we found that they had cancelled the game.
12. They are building a new ring-road round the city.
13. They have built a new hospital near the airport.

(O) Put the following sentences into the PASSIVE VOICE:

1. Someone has already paid the electrician for his work.
2. They taught him French and gave him a dictionary.
3. When we first met, they had already offered me a job at the bank.
4. A man requested the stranger to leave the meeting.
5. A young woman asked the rest of us to be there at eight o’clock.
6. They had eaten all the dinner before they finished the conversation.
7. Who wrote it?
8. The author has written a special edition for children.
9. Did the idea interest you?
10. Why didn’t they mend the roof before it fell in?
11. The burglars had cut a huge hole in the steel door.
12. The organizers will exhibit the paintings till the end of the month.
13. When did they ring the church bells?
14. Does listening to music disturb you?
15. The principal has announced a revised programme of terminal tests.
16. They will build a flyover at this site.
17. People often say that it pays to be honest.
18. You can avoid many serious accidents with a little care.
19. Don’t offer eatables to the animals.

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20. This magazine contains much useful information.
21. Why were they paying us so little?
22. By 5 p.m., the guide had shown us all the places of historical interest.
23. Do you deal in sports goods also?
24. A senior student of her school gives her judo lessons.
25. We expect our students to behave properly.
26. Who has packed my luggage?

(P) Change these sentences into PASSIVE FORM:

1. People believe that the strike will end soon.
2. People believe that the thieves got through the kitchen window.
3. People say that the company is loosing a lot of money.
4. When is he going to pay the taxes?
5. Who has designed these buildings?
6. How much do they spend on these activities?
7. They broke a lot of plates while they were dancing.
8. Who invented the electric bulb?
9. People believe that they are secret agents.
10. People think that he takes harmful drugs.
11. Did they give you a great reception?
12. Nobody sends her a card at Christmas.
13. Did anyone call an ambulance after the accident?
14. Will you pay the fine?
(Q) Turn into the PASSIVE:
a. Students should study environment problems at school.
Environment problems _____________________________
b. Teachers could include this topic in their classes.
This topic ________________________________________
c. Some people buy returnable bottles and use recycle paper.
Returnable bottles _____________________________________
d. Governments have constantly ignored important issues on economic reasons.
Important _________________________________________________
e. At school teachers advise students about pollution and its prevention.
Students __________________________________________________
f. In developped countries authorities will lead everybody to cooperate.
Everybody _______________________________________________
g. Everybody should throw their bottles into recycling bottle banks.
Their bottles ______________________________________________
h. Parents must teach their children what to do about rubbish.
Children _________________________________________________
i. Last year several nations held a meeting to discuss environmental problems.
A meeting ________________________________________________
j. Organizations like Greenpeace are giving people leaflets about what to do.
People ___________________________________________________
k. Mothers should teach children not to throw litter in the streets.
Children _________________________________________________
l. Consumers could buy returnable recipients instead of throw away ones.
Returnable _______________________________________________
m. In developped countries people are recycling glass, paper, metal and even plastic.
Glass, paper ______________________________________________

105
n. In underdeveloped countries everyone wastes and throws away useful objects.
Useful objects _____________________________________________
o. Everybody should pass their bottles on to others when they no longer use them.
Bottles ___________________________________________________

(R) Turn into the PASSIVE again

1. We should clean these windows before tomorrow.
2. The workers gave the boss some flowers.
3. The police followed the thieves into a building.
4. The mechanic can’t fix my car.
5. The neighbour has told us the news.
6. The students painted the walls last year.
7. The old woman feeds the pigeons every day.
8. They will pick up John at this office.
9. She showed the visitors the new house.
10. You shouldn’t throw litter on the ground.
11. The teacher asked the students a very difficult question at the oral exam.
12. First, we have to read the text and then, we have to do the exercises.
13. His parents promised Tom a hundred Euros if he passed the test.
14. Did they repair all the windows?
15. The news surprised us all.
16. Is the teacher correcting the exams right now?
17. Someone has sent John a mysterious letter.
18. Where did they find the book?
19. The taxi driver drove us to the airport.
20. Many people have seen a UFO in this area.
21. Have they watered the plants?
22. Someone stole my purse while I was doing the shopping.
23. The secretary has already sent all the documents to Mr. Smith.
24. They have offered Michael an excellent job in a British company.
25. The police could arrest the bank robbers when they were crossing the border.
26. Someone has used the computer without permission.
27. My grandmother is baking a delicious cake.
28. The maid was cleaning my hotel room when I came in.

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 MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. How long___________ your car? 12. Although students ____ Everton are ____
a. are you having in their early __, we are accepting more and more
b. have you had ___ applicants.
c. you are having a. attend, generally, twenty, older
2. After___________ some time with my b. attending, generally, twenties,
family, I traveled to London older
a. spending c. attending, generally, twenties,
b. have spent olders
c. have spending 13. Ideally, they_____have completed_______
3. Would you mind___________ the book I one year_______university.
gave you? a. should, at last, in
a. to return b. must, as least, at
b. returning c. should, at least, at
c. to returning 14. Although I made_________ impression
4. I don’t feel__________ to the cinema. during my job interview, I don’t think I’m going to
a. to going be hired
b. like going a. a successful
c. to go b. an important
5. I______ him for years. c. a favorable
a. have known 15. I’d like you to_____ some recent
b. know photos__________ you write to me.
c. have been knowing a. enclose, next time
6. _________ it went dark, I began to feel b. enter, next time
afraid. c. enclose, the next time
a. While 16. In his speech, the president ______ the
b. As soon as importance_________our productivity
c. Until a. pointed, of increasing
7. Don’t work so hard. You _______very b. stressed, of to increase
tired. c. stressed, of increasing
a. look as if 17. “Why aren’t you working?”
b. looking as if “Because I don’t know what________”
c. look a. do I do
8. The people_____________ house we’re b. am I doing
staying in live in England. c. to do
a. whitch 18. If you follow the____________you’ll learn
b. whose how to operate this stereo system.
c. where a. writings
9. I haven’t finished my homework________. b. descriptions
a. already c. instructions
b. still 19. “I work as a journalist for a national
c. yet newspaper”.
10. I____________ in California when I met “That___________a really interesting job”.
my friend Joe. a. must be
a. worker b. would have been
b. was working c. will be
c. working 20. “You probably get a really great salary”.
11. Can you ______________the keys when “I’m not really as__________as you think Iam”
you get home? a. paid well
a. give to her b. well paid
b. give her c. well paying
c. to give her 21. “ What sort of job are you looking for?”

107
 “I’d like to have a job_________use the a. was
foreign languages I know” b. were
a. that can c. is
b. where to 32. You ____obviously ______ill for several days.
c. where I can a. have, been
22. “How good are you at keeping deadlines?” b. had, be
“I always finish my work when I_________.” c. has, been
a. am supposing 33. What did she say? She said she __to talk to you.
b. am supposed to a. doesn’t have
c. have suppose b. aren’t about
23. I bought a c. didn’t want
_______,_______,_________sweater. 34. It is dreadful having ______a
a. red, new, woolen room with her. She is so untidy!
b. woolen, new, red a. sharing
c. new, red, wollen b. to share
24. I’d like to ask you some questions about c. to stay
your_________background. 35. Can you really_________to
a. education buy that CD__________now?
b. educational a. affrord, recorder
c. educated b. afford, players
25. “You’re late” c. afford, player
“I_________ here faster because there 36. ______ you ring me to let
was such a heavy traffic”. me_________you_______safely?
a. can’t get a. should, know, ‘re
b. wasn’t getting b can, know, are
c. couldn’t get c. can, know, would be
26. I wonder__________you’d mind lending 37. Why____Andrew_______mistakes all the time?
me your calculator a. does, make
a. how b. is, making
b. whether c. -, makes
c. when 38. How do you get_____ _____ your
27. “Anne’s not here now, but I can take a parents?
message for her.” a. -, with
. “O.K. Please___________her to call b. well, with
Joe at eight o’clock” c. on, with
a. to tell 39. What sort of_________car has
b. could you Christine__________this time?
tell a. -, buy
c. tell b. a, buy
28. I work_______ small ________company. c. -, bought
a. for, publishing 40. My sister had always______self-
b. in a, publishing conscious about_______nose so she decided to go
c. for a, publishing to________clinic _________an
29. The company has_________an office in operation__________will straighten it.
Paris. a. been, her, a, for, which
a. opened b. be, his, a, for, who
b. oppened c. been, her, the, for, who
c. open 41. You________be very proud of your
30. I have been_________to run a new office son________so many prizes.
_________Paris. a. will, to win
a. chose, in the b. will, wining
b. chosen, in c. must, winning
c. choosen, at 42. We thought our cousins_______ us when
31.Alexandra said she__________their marketing they were in town last week, but they didn’t even
manager. phone. I suppose they________too busy.

108
a. would pay a visit, are all c. have been interested,
the time voting
b. would visit, must have 53. They are ___________ good friends,
been I_________ I had a car to see them more often.
c. will visit, are a. such, wish
43. I have just_______the garage to check b. my, want
whether they’ve__________my car, but c. -, wanted
I_________get an answer. 54. I___________ never manage to remember
a. rung, fixed, can’t how________that door.
b. ring, fixed, cannot a. can, to open
c. rung, fix, cannot b. will, oppening
44. Why did you walk all the way from the c. cannot, to open
station? You_________for a lift. 55. In the USA, young__________ are lucky
a. had to phoned to__________to drive at sixteen in some states.
b. could have phoned a. peoples, can
c. should to ring me up b. people, be allowed
45. The expenses will c. people, allow
be_________by__________taxpayer. 56. I________ two years in
a. supported, the __________United States several years ago.
b. borne, the a. spent, -
c. borne, those b. spend, -
46. It is one of___________cities in England. c. spent, the
a. most polluted 57. She _________ alone for ten years, since
b. the most polluted her parents’death.
c. polluted a. has been living
47. The___________of the negotiations is b. has been leaving
uncertain yet. c. had been leaving
a. results 58. Whatever arguments the Union leader
b. rules used in_________speech, he_________failed to
c. outcome convince ________ nation.
48. He finally __________to get in touch with him. a. his, has, the
a. succeede b. his, has, a
b managed c. her, her, the
c. succeeded 59. Are you
49. There__________great_________betwee interested__________photography?
n the two countries. Close relations a. for
__________between them. b. in
a. are, differences, exist c. at
b. are, difference, exists 60. I prefer travelling by airplane_________
c. is a, difference, are it’s usually faster and more__________than other
50. She is _________ French and American. means of transportation.
a. both a. although, comfortable
b. also b. since, comfortable
c. too c. furthermore, suitable
51. He should________ the waiter a bigger 61. It was your birthday yesterday,
tip. _________?
a. given a. wasn’t it
b. have given b. didn’t
c. gave c. or it wasn’t
52. He__________in politics since the last 62. “ Where will we be able to have lunch?”
________. “ Don’t worry . There are a lot of nice
a. was interested, elections places________ downtown.”
b. has been interested, a. for us eating
elections b. for eat at
c. for eating

109
63. “What would you do if you lost your c. give off
job?” 74. _____________ of them could win the
“I guess _________another one.” quiz. It was very difficult.
a. I would have looked for a. either
b. I would look for b. neither
c. To look for c. both
64. “ Why have you decided not to buy the 75. Flight nineteen from Paris is now arriving
car?” at ___________.
“Because I ____________.” a. gate two
a. don’t afford it b. the gate two
b. can’t afford it c. the second gate
c. can’t afford 76. The greater the demand,
65. If you __________an effort, you will ____________the price.
finish your work by two o’clock. a. the highest
a. try b. higher
b. make c. the higher
c. do 77. The Oxford University was__________in
66. John is a very _____friend of mine and the thirteenth century.
we’ve known each other for years. a. founded
a. near b. found
b. firm c. renovated
c. close 78. We__________ swim near windsurfers.
67. I’ve been asked to be the_________ of a. wouldn’t
ceremonies at our school’s graduation dinner. b. oughtn’t
a. leader c. shouldn’t
b. speaker 79. We never stop____________a language.
c. master a. learning
68. Your money will be______ if you are not b. learn
satisfied with our service. c. to learn
a. rejoined 80. If I _____________you, I’d write that
b. refunded letter straight away.
c. restored a. have been
69. It is healthier to eat apples without b. had been
____________ them. c. were
a. cleaning 81. I don’t want to cook. Let’s buy
b. undoing some__________food
c. peeling a. take home
70. Most of the tenants who_________in our b. take away
apartament building are students. c. take off
a. rent 82. They have some very
b. reside lovely___________in their garden.
c. set a. booths
71. My teacher always _________me on the b. bushes
back whenever I do good work. c. twigs
a. hits
b. pats 83. His uncle’s son is his ___________.
c. hands a. brother-in –law
72. He couldn’t listen to his walkman because b. nephew
his mother had_________the batteries. c. cousin
a. tied 84. He contributed a great deal to the
b. removed development of our culture_________-.
c. changed a. writing, as a teacher and
73. I can’t do this puzzle. I ____________! lecturer
a. give out b. writing, teaching and
b. give up lecturing

110
c. writing, teaching and as a
lecturer
85. “ According to a recent report, the number of automobile accidents has actually gone down. The reason
for this decrease can be attributed to better driver education.”
Based on the above statements, there are fewer car accidents, because:
a. there are better cars on the road
b. drivers are better trained
c. drivers are very educated
86. “ Ticket prices: $30.000One Way- All Destinations, out of which:
- 50%discount for night-time trips;
- Passengers who are 18 years of age and younger pay 90%of the fare;
- Passengers who are 5 years the age and younger travel free-of-charge.
How much would you pay if you were sixteen years old?
a. more than $20.000
b. less than $15.000
c. 10% off the regular fare
87. “ I’m fictional character in a play by Shakespeare. I live in Verona.
My family are the swor enemies of the Montagues, but unfortunately I am madly in love with one of
them. In our story, we get married secretly, but then things start to go drastically wrong. The end of our love story
takes place in my family’s vault where my lover poisons himself and I end up stabbing myself with a dagger. Sad,
isn’t it? My name is……..”.
a. Robert Kennedy
b. The Duke of Windsor
c. Juliet Capulet
88. “ The ability to deal with people is as purchasable a commodity as sugar or coffee. And I will pay more
for that ability than for any other the sun.” Who might these words belong to?
a. John D. Rockefeller
b. Benjamin Franklin
c. Albert Einstein
89. Find the correct interpretation: He gave an accurate description of the man.
a. He handled them a report about the man
b. He described the man accusingly
c. He gave a correct and exact description of the man.
90. Find the correct interpretation: Every writer is a student of human nature.
a. Writers always want to become students again.
b. Writers always learn about the human nature
c. Writers’ human nature is similar to students’ one
91. Find the correct interpretation: Before they moved in, they cleaned the house thoroughly.
a. They cleaned the house from top to bottom and then they moved in
b. They went through the house to make sure it was clean before moving in
c. They decided to clean the house they had moved in
92. Find the correct interpretation: They only knew basic language.
a. They had a very small vocabulary
b. They were very coarse
c. They used a simple computing language
93. Find the correct interpretation: The USA is almost as large as Europe.
a. Europe is slightly bigger than the USA
b. Europe is as big as the USA
c. The USA is much bigger than Europe
94. Find the correct interpretation: There were fifteen people besides me applying for the job
a. Fifteen people were standing next to me in the queue for the job
b. There were fifteen of us who wanted the job
c. I was not applying for the job
95. Find the correct interpretation: As he walked through the door, she walked out.
a. He walked in and at the same time she walked out

111
b. Before he walked in, she walked out
c. He walked in and then she walked out
96. Find the correct interpretation: Plase, take a seat!
a. Pick one up and take it away
b. I don’t want all my seats any more
c. Sit down
97. Find the correct interpretation: How on earth did you find me?
a. You’ll never find out where I am
b. It is quite difficult to get hold of me, but you did
c. What do you think of me?
98. Find the correct interpretation: I am not actually on the list of candidates
a. My name is not on the list of candidates
b. My name is not on the list, but it will be soon
c. I withdrew my mane from the list of candidates
99. Find the correct interpretation: He could have studied English last year.
a. He has studies English, but he doesn’t any more
b. He was able to study English last year.
c. He had the opportunity to study English but didn’t take it
100. Choose the best synonym for the words c. coarse
written in capital letters: He was CONFIDENT in 106. Choose the best synonym for the words
his approaches written in capital letters: I was STUNNED by the
a. trustful news of her death.
b. certain a. impressed
c. tolerant b. shocked
101. Choose the best synonym for the words c. stunted
written in capital letters: Helen was definitely a 107. Choose the best synonym for the words
SHREWD woman written in capital letters: As he seemed to be a
a. stupid coward, everybody TAUNTED him.
b. clever a. accused
c. direct b. ridiculed
102. Choose the best synonym for the words c. pointed at
written in capital letters: His DESULTORY remaks 108. Choose the best synonym for the words
made the vistors feel confused written in capital letters: She cast a FURTIVE
a. good glance at her partner
b. initial a. brief
c. untidy b. sly
103. Choose the best synonym for the words c. casual
written in capital letters: Her CONSPICUOUS 109. Choose the best synonym for the words
achievements are her best recommendation written in capital letters: Their sudden outburst was
a. well-known obiously genuine, it couldn’t have been
b. remarkable CONTRIVED.
c. social a. False
104. Choose the best synonym for the words b. planned
written in capital letters: The report was c. dissolute
SCATHING about the lack of safety. 110. Choose the best synonym for the words
a. scornful written in capital letters:
b. very critical She was a THRIFTY housekeeper, an important
c. clear matter to one of his small means and never wasted a
105. Choose the best synonym for the words penny.
written in capital letters: His RUGGED manners a. kind
betrayed his low origins. b. poor
a. awful c. sparing
b. indecent

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 TENSE QUIZ
1. _____ your homework?
A. Have you done B. Has you done C. Did you do D. Have you do E. Has you done
2. Which books .......................................... to school yesterday?
A. took you B. take you C. have you taken D. do you take E. did you take
3. When _____?
A. do you arrived B. did you arrived C. has you arrived D. have you arrived E. did you arrive
4. We _____ my aunt next week on Friday. It will be her birthday.
A. will visit B. visited C. is visiting D. have visited E. are visiting
5. We ............................... that film.
A. will already seen B. have already seen C. has already seen D. already saw E. already did see
6. The weather forecast says the sun _____ tomorrow.
A. is going to shine B. is shining C. may shine D. shines E. will shine
7. She _____ in this house for years.
A. has been living B. has lived C. have lived D. lived E. lives
8. Many things _____ this month.
A. changed B. didn't changed C. has changed D. have changed E. would change
9. Look! She ……………………………………….. from a large whisky-bottle.
A. are drinking B. drink C. drinks D. is drinking E. will drink
10. Leif Ericson..................Vinland while he …………………………towards the west.
A. was discovering ... sailed B. has discovered ... were sailing C. has discovered ... was sailing D.
discovered ... was sailing E. discovered ... sailed
11. If I ....................... the Superman, I ........................
A.was/ fly B. were/ will fly C. were/ would fly D. would be/ flew E. would be/ would fly
12. I ….……… (finish) doing this exercise.
A. am finishing B. has just finished C. have just finished D. just finished E. just have finished
13. I ........................................... positive reviews about that film in the papers so I am going to see it.
A. has read B. have read C. read D. readed E. will read
14. Hi Jane, you _____ sad! What's up?
A. are looking B. is looking C. look D. looks E. will look
15. He …………………………… mineral water every day.
A. are drinking. B. drink C. drinks D. is drinking E. will drink
16. He was late. When he ......................... at the airport, the plane ...................
A. left ... had arrived B. has arrived ... left C. had arrived ... left D. had arrived ... had left E. arrived ... had
already left
17. He ......................................... about everything!
A. always complain B. always complains C. is always complaining D. is complaining E. will always
complain
18. Harry ............... and we ............................ him the news.
A. had woken up/told B. wakes up /told C. was waking up/ told D. woke up told E. woke up were telling
19. After he .............................painting, he ..........................a shower.
A. finish / have B. has/ finished had C. had finished/ had D. had finished/ had had E. finished/ had
20. ........................................... rugby?
A. Did you ever played B. Do you ever played C. Has you ever played D. Have you ever play E. Have
you ever played
FILL IN WITH THE CORRECT VERB FORM:
1. Hardly had the minister finished his speech when gunshots ---- (storm) the stadium.
2. Everybody will be at the office at about 08:30 tomorrow as the meeting ---- (start) at nine o'clock.
3. That candidate who we had interviewed before we ---- (speak) to all the others is still my favorite.
4. While climbing onto the mountain top, I ---- (encounter) a strange animal which I'd never seen before.
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5. The chairman was sure that his plan would work out fine as no other member ---- (oppose) it up to that
time.
6. I wasn't surprised to hear that Monica ---- (have) an accident as she is a very reckless driver.
7. Since the very first day when the Umbrella Company embarked upon such a dangerous and risky lab-
research, very strange incidents ---- (take place) within the research complex.
8. Urbanization ---- (always / be) a problem which causes several environmental challenges ever since the
rate of migration ---- (increase) after the industrial revolution.
9. When I ---- (come) home this evening, my parents had gone out for a walk.
10. By the time the troops ---- (arrive), the war will have ended.
11. By the year 2020, linguists ---- (study) the Indy-European language family for more than 200 years.
12. Gasoline ---- (become) a major problem for people for the last ten years, therefore, during this time
many people have preferred to sell their cars and buy smaller ones.
13. By the time he was 14, Wolfgang Mozart ---- (compose) an enviable number of musical pieces.
14. Nothing in my life ---- (be) so strong to stop me achieve my goals so far and I don't think anything
will be.
15. Archaeologists ----- (explain) recently that an ancient underground city around Cappadocia has long
wide corridors where there are many special areas for making cheese and wine.
16. I was amazed when he accepted a drink, since I ---- (always / assume) that he was a teetotaler.
17. I ---- (play) tennis tomorrow but I won't be able to do that because I have injured my right ankle.
18. We ---- (visit) the seashore many times before but last summer we enjoyed ourselves more than ever.
19. According to a survey, thousands of vending machines ---- (have to be converted) before the new
coins have come into circulation.

MULTIPLE CHOICE 2
1. This time tomorrow some of the people in this room __________________ to their home
countries.
A will travel B will travelling C will be travelling D will have travelling
2. Augusto couldn't open the classroom door because one of the other students __________ it from
3.
4.
5. the inside.
A locked B was locking C has locked D had locked
6. Every day, even when it's raining heavily, Henry ____ for an early morning run before eating
breakfast.
A going B is going C goes D is gone
7. At the moment, _________ an exercise in order to review the English verb tenses that I have
learned.
A I do B I doing C I'm doing D I've done
8. Before people landed on the Moon in 1969, some people ________ that the moon was made of
cheese.
A believed B were believing C have believed D had been believing
9. By Christmas, all of the students in our class __________________ to their countries.

114
 A will return B will have returned C will be returning D will have returning
10. This is Javi's last week at the school so ________________ Goodbye to all his new friends for the
last three days.
A he says B he said C he's said D he's been saying
11. I'm sorry I can't come to your party tomorrow night. __________ dinner with Cristina and
Samara. Maybe I can come along afterwards.
A I will have B I'm having C I have D I will have had
12. So far, during her time at International House Bristol, Tchior ________ to six pancake parties and
fifteen barbecues.
A came B comes C has come D has been coming
13. At six o'clock this morning most of us were asleep in bed. But Atheer ____________ for today's
grammar.
A studied B studies C was studying D has studied
14. This is the second to last question in this set of questions. In two minutes' time
you __________________ and then you will find out your score.
A will finish B will have finished C will be finishing D will have been finishing
15. When Elisabetta _______ for her morning lesson, the teacher was collecting the homework from
the other students.
A arrived B was arriving C had arrived D had been arriving

MULTIPLE CHOICE 3
1. As the sun _____, I decided to go out. 5. She loves _____ Hungarian music.
A. ? shines A. ? ---
B. ? shine B. ? a
C. ? has shone C. ? the
D. ? was shining D. ? some of
2. It's a long journey by train; it's much 6. I _____ your uncle tomorrow, so I'll
_____ by road. give him your note.
A. ? more quickly A. ? going to see
B. ? quickly B. ? have seen
C. ? quicker C. ? shall have sheen
D. ? more quick D. ? am seeing
3. My house is opposite _____ the park. 7. She walked _____ the road without
A. ? of looking.
B. ? from A. ? by
C. ? to B. ? across
D. ? --- C. ? through
4. They _____ married in church last year. D. ? long
A. ? are 8. Has _____?
B. ? have A. ? the post yet come
C. ? made B. ? the post come yet
D. ? got C. ? come the post yet
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 D. ? yet the post came B. ? Every
9. I don't speak Japanese, but Jenny _____. C. ? The all
A. ? do D. ? All
B. ? does 19. He's _____ intelligent than his sister.
C. ? speaks A. ? much less
D. ? is speaking it B. ? not so
10. "_____ yet?" " Nearly." C. ? much fewer
A. ? Do you finish D. ? lesser
B. ? Did you finish 20. Can you play _____ piano?
C. ? Have you finished A. ? on the
D. ? Are you finishing B. ? ---
11. We spent _____ day sunbathing. C. ? a
A. ? whole of the D. ? the
B. ? whole 21. The whole thing is much simpler _____
C. ? all the you think.
D. ? the whole A. ? than
12. She said she _____ for five hours. B. ? as what
A. ? has worked C. ? ---
B. ? worked D. ? then
C. ? had been working 22. My brother's son is my _____.
D. ? has been working A. ? cousin
13. By the time the police arrived, the B. ? uncle
thieves _____ the stolen money. C. ? son-in-law
A. ? are hiding D. ? nephew
B. ? hide 23. My uncle arrived while I _____ dinner.
C. ? had hidden A. ? cook
D. ? will have hidden B. ? was cooking
14. They never do _____ homework. C. ? had cooked
A. ? they D. ? would cook
B. ? their 24. Don't be late _____ your music lesson.
C. ? they're A. ? at
D. ? there B. ? for
15. It's not raining _____. C. ? on
A. ? more D. ? to
B. ? any more 25. How long does it _____ to get to
C. ? no more London?
D. ? some more A. ? need
16. _____ cows are animals. B. ? take
A. ? The C. ? want
B. ? Some D. ? make
C. ? A 26. He doesn't like company. He always
D. ? --- works _____.
17. Janet is _____. A. ? alone
A. ? an old my friend B. ? solo
B. ? an old friend of me C. ? only
C. ? a my old friend D. ? lonely
D. ? an old friend of mine 27. "It's a pity you haven't seen that play."
18. _____ books on this shelf were written "But I have, I _____ it last week."
by Dickens. A. ? have seen
A. ? All the B. ? saw

116
 C. ? was seen 37. They _____ to the theatre twice so far
D. ? had seen this month.
28. If you _____ to town tomorrow, will A. ? were
you do some shopping for me? B. ? have been
A. ? go C. ? are going
B. ? will go D. ? are
C. ? went 38. I can't wait. I'm _____ a hurry.
D. ? will be going A. ? in
29. I've got a very good _____ with the B. ? on
BBC. C. ? with
A. ? profession D. ? for
B. ? job 39. Do you know _____ I met last
C. ? work Saturday?
D. ? occupation A. ? with whom
30. Yesterday I _____ my son's trousers. B. ? that whom
A. ? sew C. ? ---
B. ? sawed D. ? who
C. ? sow 40. He would be very happy if you _____
D. ? sewed what he asked.
31. He won't be late, _____ he? A. ? will do
A. ? won't B. ? do
B. ? will C. ? did
C. ? isn't D. ? have done
D. ? don't 41. Will you do me a favour if _____ you?
32. I feel _____ after all this typing. A. ? somebody wants it
A. ? terribly bad B. ? I want
B. ? terribly tired C. ? I ask
C. ? myself terribly tired D. ? we all would like
D. ? myself terribly bad 42. He was fined by the police for driving
33. When _____ Mr. Jones? too _____.
A. ? you did meet A. ? fastly
B. ? did you meet B. ? speedy
C. ? have you met C. ? fast
D. ? you met D. ? hard
34. Smoking is a bad _____ of yours. 43. The family lost their money on roulette
A. ? custom so they're unable to buy _____.
B. ? usage A. ? anything
C. ? practice B. ? something
D. ? habit C. ? everything
35. We have been waiting for you _____. D. ? nothing
A. ? an hour 44. We _____ be millionaires one day.
B. ? since an hour A. ? will has to
C. ? for an hour B. ? can be able to
D. ? an hour ago C. ? could
36. How long does the train _____ from D. ? have had to
London to Edinburgh take? 45. "Can you lend me a pound?" "_____"
A. ? travel A. ? No, sadly.
B. ? tour B. ? Not, sorry.
C. ? voyage C. ? I'm afraid not.
D. ? journey D. ? I afraid no.

117
46. The hijackers were arrested and didn't C. ? however it seems difficult
know where _____. D. ? how difficult does it seem
A. ? they would take 54. My train arrived at 10:15, which means:
B. ? will be taken _____.
C. ? they're taken A. ? fifteen past ten
D. ? they were being taken B. ? fifteen ten
47. The policeman warned the photographer C. ? ten fifteen
_____ too near. D. ? ten past fifteen
A. ? shouldn't come 55. The old general told us stories of how he
B. ? not to come _____.
C. ? don't come A. ? defeat the enemy
D. ? doesn't come B. ? was fighting in the battles of 1944
48. A horrible morning was followed by a C. ? has fought the Germans
torrent of rain _____ afternoon. D. ? had won the war alone
A. ? on late 56. My son is only one and a half years old
B. ? in late but he can already _____.
C. ? late in A. ? hurry
D. ? late in the B. ? go
49. "What are you doing?" "I _____ to find C. ? come
my watch." D. ? walk
A. ? tried 57. "How old is she now?" "She _____ in
B. ? try 1905."
C. ? 'm trying A. ? born
D. ? 've tried B. ? was born
50. "How many eggs have we got?" C. ? was burn
"_____" D. ? was borne
A. ? Not too many. 58. If you'd written earlier, I'd have known
B. ? There aren't some. when you _____ to go on holiday.
C. ? Not too much. A. ? wanted
D. ? They're no in the fridge. B. ? will want
51. "Some sugar?" "_____" C. ? would intend
A. ? Yes, please. D. ? would want
B. ? No, I don't. 59. The tourists were looking forward
C. ? Thanks, I'd like. _____ the Tate Gallery.
D. ? No, no me! A. ? a visit to
52. In his spare time he works _____ a B. ? to visit
salesman for an insurance company. C. ? to visiting
A. ? as D. ? visiting
B. ? like 60. How much longer _____ this
C. ? at dictionary?
D. ? out A. ? you need
53. No matter _____, you must keep trying. B. ? will you need
A. ? how difficult it seems C. ? need you
B. ? however seems it difficult D. ? have you needed

118
 ROUND UP
Convert the phrases below into reported speech.

"It's raining," she said.

He said to her, "I love you."
"I saw María in the supermarket yesterday," said Carlos.
"We've lived here for three years," he said.
"I'll bring a pasta salad," said Francesca.
"Mark's going to install solar panels," said Miranda.
"They found gold here," said the geology teacher.
"Jenny can't speak French," said Pierre.
"I first met my wife in Seville," he told us.
"I want your homework handed in by tomorrow," he said.
"My mother made these cakes," said Juan.
"I'm feeling tired now," said David.

Circle the correct answer.

1 I ______________ remember his name. 6 You'll be able to solve this, ______________?

A am not able to A can you
B can't B won't you
C red herring C will you
2 Diana ______________ the piano. 7 Sorry, Teacher. I ______________do it yet.
A can play A wasn't able to
B can to play B couldn't
C eats C haven't been able to
3 She ______________ come on holiday next month if her 8 He ______________ pass the exam if he studied harder.
parents give her permission.
A will be able to
A can't
B Can
B could
C would be able to
C will be able to
4 They ______________ go. The weather was too bad. 9 The fishing boat sank, but luckily all the crew
______________ save themselves.
A couldn't
A were able to
B can't
B could
C wasn't able to
C wasn't able to
5 A: Can you lend me some money? 10 We ______________ go to the party. We're going to a
B: Sorry. I ______________. I haven't got any either. wedding.
A can't A couldn't
B won't be able to
 B am not able to C will can't
C couldn't

Use one of the modal verbs in brackets to fill the gaps.

1 You (may/could)________________ leave now if you wish.

2 (Could/May)________________ you open the window a bit, please?

3 (May/Can)________________ you play the piano?

4 Listen, please. You (may not/could not)________________ speak during this exam.

5 You (can't/might not)________________ smoke on the bus.

6 (Can't/May)________________ I make a call on your mobile?

7 Do you know if Mark (can/may)________________ sing?

8 (Can't/May)________________ I sit here, please?

9 Caroline, your friends (can/could)________________ stay the night if they want to. They're
perfectly welcome.
10 I'm sorry but you (can't/may)________________ use the computer until after I've finished.

11 (May/Could)________________ you lend me 40 Euros till Monday?

12 Listen, please. Students (may/could)________________ study in the library from five to nine in
the evening.

Would/should or ought to/might + have + past participle - Use the verb in brackets to fill the gaps.

1 If I had gone to the sales, I'm sure I ___________________ something. (to buy)
2 Clare was very upset you didn't go to her birthday party. You ___________________ . (to go)
3 No one's answering the phone. They ___________________ out. (to go)
4 The lights are out. They ___________________ to sleep. (to go)
5 We ___________________ Dave to the party if we had known he was in town. (to invite)
6 You ___________________ at Samantha. She'll never forgive you. (to shout-NEGATIVE)
7 I ___________________ to have done some acting when I was younger. (to love)
8 You ___________________ to the pub on Saturday. We had a great time. (to come)
9 She ___________________ her mind. I'm not sure. (to change)
10 You ___________________ so much money on CDs. You'll have problems getting to the end of the month
now. (to spend-NEGATIVE)

Decide which type of modal goes with each sentence and then fill the gaps with have to, must, should or ought
to. When you see NEGATIVE, the modal verb must be in a negative form.

1 If you want to lose weight, you _____________ eat pasta, potatoes, white bread or white rice.
NEGATIVE

2 It's alright. You _____________ come to Muriel's wedding if you don't want to. NEGATIVE

3 Stupid boy! You _____________ play with matches! NEGATIVE

4 I haven't heard from Eleonora for ages. Maybe I _____________ give her a ring.

5 You _____________ remember your passport. Otherwise they won't let you on the plane.

6 The weather forecast says this weekend will be fine. We _____________ go on a picnic.

7 You _____________ go there on your own. It's extremely dangerous. NEGATIVE

8 You _____________ come if you don't feel like it. NEGATIVE

9 You _____________ take life so seriously. Relax a bit. NEGATIVE

10 Orange juice in cartons has no goodness in it at all. You _____________ make it yourself.

11 You _____________ drink and drive. NEGATIVE

12 These instructions are difficult to follow. They _____________ explain things better.

Circle the correct answer.

1 Jim doesn't have a girlfriend now but he 6 If you go to live in the United Kingdom,
_________________. you_________________ on the left.

A didn't use to A 'll have to get used to drive

B used to B 'll have to get used to driving
C was using to C 'd have had to get used to

2 People _________________ the Internet yet but in a 7 At first it was difficult for her to speak in French all the
few years time everybody will be surfing around like time but she _________________ to it now.
crazy.
A is used
A aren't used to using
B uses
B don't use
C gets used
C isn't used to using

3 I _________________ to play football when I was 8 After the holidays it takes me a week
young. I'm too old and fat to play now. _________________ up early again.
 A use A to get used to getting
B got used to B to be used to getting
C used C to get used to get

4 Pepe Juan was in London for a year. He liked England 9 The queue in the baker's _________________ to be so
but he _________________ the insipid food and the bad but now it's terrible. It must be that new chapata
miserable weather. bread they bake. It's delicious.

A could ever get used to A didn't use

B could never get used to B didn't used
C can ever get used to C was used

5 I've been getting up early every day for years but I 10 Do you mind if I _________________ your phone?
_________________ to it.
A used
A used
B am using
B am still not used
C use
C am already used

Change the sentences from the active to the passive.

1 Did they catch the thief?

2 Will The King inaugurate the new bridge?
3 Do they make cars in Korea?
4 Do the hounds kill the fox?
5 Did the bull kill the matador?
6 Have the police found the body?
7 Why has the government banned the film?
8 When did they hijack the plane?
9 How did your host family treat you?
10 What caused the accident?
11 Has anyone cleaned the oven yet?
12 Is a doctor going to examine you?

Circle the correct answer.

1 ___________'s the post office? 6 ___________ is your favourite football player?

A How much A When
B Who B What
C Where C Who
2 ___________'s the president of France? 7 ___________ is The Atlantic Ocean?
 A Who A How deep
B Which B How much
C Whose C How
3 ___________ is your boyfriend? He looks about thirty. 8 Jimmy, you've grown so much. ___________ are you
now?
A How much
A How long
B How old
B How much
C How long
C How tall
4 Billy: ___________ are you angry with me? I haven't 9 Sally: ___________ do you take the dog for a walk?
done anything. Jilly: Oh. Twice a day.
Sally: Exactly.
A With what frequency
A How
B How often
B What
C When
C Why
5 Billy: ___________ is Paris like? 10 ___________ does it take to get from Valencia to
Marie: It's beautiful. Madrid by car?
A How A How many times

B What B How long

C Who C How far

Fill the gap using the verb in brackets. Think very carefully about the meaning of the phrase before
deciding whether to use a negative or positive verb form. Use type III – conditional phrase

1 I wouldn't be angry if you _____________________ my chocolate mousse. (to eat)

2 If he had known you were in hospital, he _____________________ you. (to visit)
3 We wouldn't have come by taxi if we _____________________ the right bus. (to find)
4 We would have visited the Prado gallery if we _____________________ time. (to have)
5 If you hadn't been asking me questions all the time, I _____________________ the film.(to enjoy)
6 If I _____________________ your number, I would have phoned.(to know)
7 If just one person had remembered my birthday, I _____________________ sad. (to be)
8 I would have understood the film if it _____________________ in German. (to be*)
9 They _____________________ to see you if they hadn't been away. (to come)
10 If she _____________________ on a double yellow line, she wouldn't have got a fine. (to park)
11 If I'd known you were coming, I _____________________ a cake. (to bake)
12 If she _____________________ the shed unlocked, they wouldn't have stolen her bike. (to leave)
13 If you had told me about the concert, I _____________________. (to go)
14 The storm _____________________ a lot of damage if it had come this way. (to do)
15 The holidays would have been great if the weather _____________________ better. (to be)
 There are three distinct types of I wish / if only sentences:-

1 - REGRETS with the PAST PERFECT (the third conditional) e.g. I wish I hadn't got so angry.

2 - WANTING CHANGE FOR THE PRESENT OR FUTURE with the PAST SIMPLE e.g. I
wish I had enough money to go to Mozambique this summer.
3 - COMPLAINTS with WOULD + INFINITIVE e.g. I wish you wouldn't arrive so late all the
time.
Regrets
1 I wish I ___________________ drunk and kissed Samantha. (get NEGATIVE)
2 I wish it ___________________ so much. The garden's turned to mud. (rain NEGATIVE)
3 If only I ___________________ there, I wouldn't have got a fine. (park NEGATIVE)
Wanting change
4 If only I ___________________ more time for my hobbies. (have)
5 I wish it ___________________ more often in Valencia. (rain)
6 I wish I ___________________ to go to your nephew's wedding. (have NEGATIVE)
Complaints
7 I wish you ___________________ so much. You're a complete idiot when you're drunk. (drink NEGATIVE)
8 If only it ___________________ . The garden's as dry as a bone. (rain)
9 I wish Samantha ___________________ her hair more often. It looks so greasy all the time. (wash)
Mixed
10 I wish you ___________________ so horrible to your brother. He's a really nice bloke. (be NEGATIVE)
11 I wish the council ___________________ that beautiful old house. It was part of the town's heritage.
(demolish NEGATIVE)
12 If only I ___________________ the money to go to Jon's wedding in The States. (have)
13 I wish I ___________________ her she'd put on weight. She hates me now. (tell NEGATIVE)
14 I wish you ___________________ to your mother like that. (speak NEGATIVE)
15 If only we ___________________ a Hewlett Packard printer. The cartridges are so expensive. (buy
NEGATIVE)
16 I wish Jorge ___________________ so fast. It's only a matter of time before he kills someone. (drive
NEGATIVE

Circle the correct answer.

1 Dad, Ana _________ an ice cream. 6 Next week we _________ snorkeling.

A Wants A 're going
B Want B went
C Went C will go

2 I _________ Luis for a long time now. 7 __________ the movie?

 A didn't see A Do you like
B don't see B Like you
C haven't seen C Do you
3 In the summer, we __________ and go swimming 8 I was listening to music when somebody __________ at
everyday. the door.
A sunbathed A is knocking
B are sunbathing B knocked
C sunbathe C was knocking

4 Two people are sitting outside in the garden."We hope you 9 The house is in a terrible mess. We've got workmen in . The
__________ this marvellous weather as much as we are." plumber __________ a new bath and shower.
A enjoy A puts
B enjoyed B put
C are enjoying C is putting in
5 I __________ dinner when suddenly I heard a strange 10 I __________ here now for over thirty-five years.
noise. A am living
A was cooking B have been living
B cook C Live
C cooked

Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets using either the past perfect or the past simple tenses.

1 By the time we got to the cinema the film ______________ (to start), so we missed the first five minutes.

2 When I rang the bell there was no answer. The neighbour told me that they ______________ (to go out) about
half an hour ago.

3 I saw Casablanca for the first time last night. I ______________ (to see NEGATIVE) it before.

4 I feel fat. I ______________ (to have) a huge lunch.

5 I spent a week in Miami recently. I ______________ (to be) there before.

6 There was so much to see in Toledo. I wanted to see everything but I ______________ (to have NEGATIVE)
enough time.

7 If I ______________ (to know) about the concert, I would have gone.

8 If you ______________ (to take) my advice, it wouldn't have happened.

9 We would have had an argument, if she ______________ (to mention) politics.

10 If you ______________ (to not park) there, you wouldn't have got a parking fine.

11 They found the body on a building site. It ______________ (to mutilate "in the passive!").

12 She told me she ______________ (to buy) a new car.

13 When he arrived, Eve wasn't there. She ______________ (to leave) about five minutes before.

14 When we arrived back in Spain, they ______________ (to lose) our luggage. We only had to wait two days to
get it back though, and they delivered it to the house.
15 When I ______________ (to get back), nobody had done the washing up. I was furious.

Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets using either the present perfect or the past simple tenses.

1 A: I ________________ (to see, negative) Anna for a long time.

2 B: Really? I ________________ her yesterday. (to see)
3 They ________________ (to go) to Venice three years ago.
4 David lost his wallet yesterday but he ________________ (to find) it this morning in his jacket pocket.
5 ________________ (to be with you) to Paris?
6 We ________________ (to live) in this house for five years and we're very happy here.
7 I know Manchester quite well. I ________________ (to live) there for three years when I was a student
8 He ________________ (to meet) Sally in the supermarket last week.
9 She feels great. She ________________ (to lose) three kilos since Christmas.
10 It's cold in here because someone ________________ (to open) the window.
11 Before they bought the car, they ________________ (to think) about it very carefully.
12 ________________ (to feed with you) the cat yet?
13 The last time I ________________ (to play) tennis was four years ago.
A The difference between remember and remind is complicated.

Teresa reminds me of Scarlett Johansson./ She reminded me to buy milk

She remembered to tell me to buy milk./ I remember when you had long hair
B Fill the gaps with remember and remind in the correct form, using the model sentences to help you.
1 I can't _____________ anything about the accident at all.
2 Have you _____________ Jack to bring his credit card?
3 I must _____________ myself to take my pills after lunch.
4 I must _____________ to take my pills after lunch.
5 _____________ me to take my umbrella, please.
6 She forgot to _____________ him about the plumber coming.
7 You _____________ me of my cousin Zöe.
8 Do you _____________ the time we went to Songkhla and had that fantastic crab curry?
9 Sometimes Valencia _____________ me of Sydney.
10 Come on. Try to _____________ what he was wearing.
11 Those funny trousers you're wearing _____________ me of Tintin.
12 The last thing he _____________ was ordering another drink.

Fill the gaps with beat, earn and win in the correct form.
1 It's none of your business how much I ______________.
2 Samantha's just bought a red convertible. She must have ______________ the lottery.
3 When I ______________ Jonathan at table tennis, he got very angry.
4 No one I know has ever ______________ her at pool. She's a great player.
5 A: Who ______________ ? Valencia or Real Madrid?
B: Valencia, of course.
6 Zaragossa ______________ Arsenal every time they meet.
7 Jim was ______________ big money before he went off to teach in Thailand.
8 I love my job but I need to ______________ more money.
9 England won The World Cup in 1966. They ______________ Germany.
10 Spain ______________ Australia in The Davis Cup.
11 He ______________ me in the first round but I won in the end.
12 I dare you to ______________ me at tiddlywinks.
13 You deserve a holiday. You've really ______________ it.
14 Teachers in London don't ______________ enough money to buy a house

Choose the right answer

How ________ money have you got in your purse? theirs

much they're
many their
cost I think English is ________ than maths.
How ________ eggs do we need? easier
many more easy
cost easy
much I'm on holiday at the moment but I ________ in an hotel.
How ________ eggs do we need? 'm working
many working
cost work
much ________ he ever been to France?
A What is he ________? B He's buying some things for Have
lunch. Has
do Did
to do Where ________ the drinks?
doing did you got
This book is for ________. you get
hers did you get
her How ________ bread do you eat?
she much
When ________ you have dinner? any
do many
are Those ________ my pens. They're yours.
does aren't
Where did you ________ to school? isn't
went don't
go What are ________?
goes that
It's not ours, it's ________. this
those
Choose the right answer

1. Did our teacher provide __________ for us?

bad
much handout badder
many handout worse
many handouts
2. The school's problems _____ various. 7. I haven't been to London _______ three years.

was for
were since
is while

3. All my friends live _____ North Lincoln Street. 8. If you need the car in the afternoon, I ______
shopping in the morning.
in
on go
at would go
will go
4. I'm new to this job. What exactly ________ do?
9. Before I (go) _____ to London, I (not / enjoy)
I have to ________ learning English.
do I have to
I had to go - have not enjoyed
went - have not enjoyed
5. If she _______ about his financial situation, she went - had not enjoyed
would have helped him out.
10. On the Roman Emperor visit, the Roman soldiers
had known (tell) ______ him that Pictish tribes from Britain's north
knew (attack) _______ them.
have known
told - had attacked
6. The weather today is even _______ than tell - had attacked
yesterday. told - have attaked

ENGLISH PROFICIENCY TEST

Part I: English Grammar - Select the best answer.

1. Juan___________ in the library this morning. B. climb mountains

A. is study C. to climb
B. studying D. climbing mountains
C. is studying
D. are studying 5. Mr. Hawkins requests that someone _________ the data
by fax immediately.
2. Alicia, __________ the windows please. It's too hot in A. sent
here. B. sends
A. opens C. send
B. open D. to send
C. opened 6. Who is ____________ , Marina or Sachiko?
D. will opened A. tallest
B. tall
3. The movie was __________ the book. C. taller
A. as D. the tallest
B. as good 7. The concert will begin ________ fifteen minutes.
C. good as A. in
D. as good as B. on
C. with
4. Eli's hobbies include jogging, swimming, and D. about
__________. 8. I have only a ________ Christmas cards left to write.
A. to climb mountains A. few
 B. fewer B. for
C. less C. but
D. little D. or
9. Each of the Olympic athletes ____________ for months, 13. You were ____________ the New York office before 2
even years. p.m.
A. have been training A. suppose call
B. were training B. supposed to call
C. has been training C. supposed calling
D. been training D. supposed call
10. Maria __________ never late for work.
A. am 14. When I graduate from college next June, I
B. are _____________ a student here for five years.
C. were A. will have been
D. is B. have been
11. The company will upgrade _________ computer C. has been
information systems next month. D. will have
A. there
B. their 15. Ms. Guth _________ rather not invest that money in the
C. it's stock market.
D. its A. has to
12. Cheryl likes apples, _________ she does not like B. could
oranges. C. would
A. so D. must

Part II: English Grammar - Select the one underlined word or phrase that is incorrect.

1. The majority to the news is about violence or scandal.

2. Takeshi swimmed one hundred laps in the pool yesterday.
3. When our vacation, we plan to spend three days scuba diving.
4. Mr. Feinauer does not take critical of his work very well.
5. Yvette and Rinaldo send e-mail messages to other often.
6. Mr. Olsen is telephoning a American Red Cross for help.
7. I had a enjoyable time at the party last night.
8. The doctor him visited the patient's parents.
9. Petra intends to starting her own software business in a few years.
10. Each day after school, Jerome run five miles.
11. He goes never to the company softball games.
12. Do you know the student who books were stolen?
13. Jean-Pierre will spend his vacation either in Singapore nor the Bahamas.
14. I told the salesman that I was not interesting in buying the latest model.
15. Frederick used work for a multinational corporation when he lived in Malaysia.
Part III. English Vocabulary - Select the best answer.

1. The rate of ___________ has been fluctuating wildly C. now

this week. D. not
A. money
B. bills 4. Jerry Seinfeld, the popular American comedian, has his
C. coins audiences ___________.
D. exchange A. putting too many irons in the fire
B. keeping their noses out of someone's business
2. The bus ___________ arrives late during bad weather. C. rolling in the aisles
A. every week D. going to bat for someone
B. later
C. yesterday 5. The chairperson will ____________ members to the
D. always subcommittee.
A. appoint
3. Do you ____________ where the nearest grocery store B. disappoint
is? C. appointment
A. know D. disappointed
B. no 6. The critics had to admit that the ballet ______________
was superb.
 A. procrastinate C. toward
B. performance D. in addition to
C. pathology
D. psychosomatic 9. The hurricane caused ____________ damage to the city.
7. Peter says he can't ___________ our invitation to dinner A. extend
tonight. B. extended
A. angel C. extensive
B. across D. extension
C. accept 10. Many cultures have special ceremonies to celebrate a
D. almost person's _________ of passage into adulthood.
A. right
8. We were __________ friends in that strange but magical B. rite
country. C. writ
A. upon D. write
B. among
 FOLLOW UP
A. b) clean
1. My brother' s habits really ..... me! c) repair
a) angry 14. I never eat anything ..... I swim.
b) annoy a) since
c) hurt b) before
2. Please turn the music ..... ; it' s too loud. c) after
a) down 15. Don' t swim here. The sea is ......
b) out a) unhealthy
c) off b) polluted
3. She likes watching TV, ..... cartoons. c) dirty
a) continually 16. Children can be ..... if they are unhappy.
b) particularly a) privileged
c) always b) lively
4. Jenny is always ..... her nails. c) aggresive
a) chewing 17. In the past black people were ..... against white
b) eating people.
c) biting a) discriminated
5. John ...... to get up early to do his homework. b) different
a) prefers c) superior
b) enjoys 18. Who is the ..... runner in your school?
c) chooses a) faster
6. I ..... a photograph with my letter. b) more fast
a) put c) fastest
b) included 19. Dress ..... when exercising.
c) enclosed a) regularly
7. George is a ..... of ANA club. b) comfortably
a) person c) confidently
b) member 20. We know he can jump ..... than that.
c) character a) high
8. Britain' s Scouts did not ..... girls. b) higher
a) remember c) highest
b) follow B.
c) accept 1. I' m worried because my friend smokes......
9. Mary doesn' t read everything in a newspaper; she a) strongly
only reads the ...... b) heavily
a) titles c) hardly
b) headings 2. If I were a car, I ..... be a HONDA.
c) headlines a) ought to
10. The fire last summer ..... 30,000 trees. b) should
a) destroyed c) would
b) attacked 3. We ought to ..... the football match because it' s
c) put away raining very hard.
11. Oh! The food has gone bad. We ought to buy a a) cancel
new...... b) call
a) stereo c) clear
b) fridge 4. My sister becomes ..... when people ask her to do
c) barbecue things she does not like.
12. The Oxford University was ..... in the thirteenth a) satisfied
century. b) stubborn
a) founded c) surprised
b) found 5. We ..... swim near windsurfers.
c) renovated a) wouldn' t
13. My car has broken down. Can you ..... it? b) oughtn' t
a) renovate c) shouldn' t
6. We never stop ..... a language. c) wigs
a) learning 14. Her uncle' s son is her......
b) learn a) brother
c) to learn b) nephew
7. If I ..... you, I' d write that letter straight away. c) cousin
a) were 15. People are generally ..... of snakes.
b) have been a) afraid
c) had been b) ashamed
8. How do you ..... when friends make suggestions? c) hidden
a) respond 16. He couldn' t listen to his walkman because his
b) answer mother had ..... the batteries.
c) feel a) tied
9. I don' t want to cook. Let' s buy some ..... food. b) removed
a) takehome c) changed
b) takeaway 17. Romeo ..... in love with Juliet.
c) takeoff a) died
10. They often go to the ..... pub for a drink. b) hated
a) near c) fell
b) social 18. I can' t do this puzzle. I.....!
c) local a) give up
11. Betty had lost a lot of weight and I didn' t ..... her b) give out
at first. c) give off
a) see 19. She has two sons ..... are taller than she is.
b) recognize a) either
c) understand b) neither
12. He' s very happy because he ..... his exam. c) both
a) passed 20. ...... of them could win the quiz. It was very
b) did difficult.
c) won a) either
13. They have some very lovely ..... in their garden. b) neither
a) booths c) both
b) bushes
 PREPOSITIONS

1. When we get ready for dinner, I have to take my

books__________ the table.
A.
B. F
r
o
m
C.
D.
2. Every weekend, we put the trash can
________________ for garbage collection.
A.
B.
C.
D.
3. You have to leave your shoes ______________the
door when you enter the house.
A.In
B. O
v
e
r
C.
D.
4. It was a long walk, so he began moving slowly
________________ the town.
A.
B. T
o
w
a
r
d
s
C. U
n
t
i
l
D.
5. David cleaned his room by stuffing everything
_________________his bed.
A.In
B.
C. U
n
d
e
r
D. A
l
o
n
 g
6. We often go fishing __________________ the
river bank.
A. T
o
w
a
r
d
s
B. I
n
s
i
d
e
C. A
l
o
n
g
D. A
r
o
u
n
d
7. The lecture will be held right ______________ the
tutorial.
A.
B. B
e
f
o
r
e
C. O
v
e
r
D. B
e
y
o
n
d
8. He was caught by the teacher for cheating
________________the exam.
A. D
u
r
i
n
g
B. A
f
 t A. N
e e
r a
C. N r
e B. A
a c
r r
D. O o
u s
t s
s C.
i D. A
d l
e o
9. John needs to submit the report _________ his n
boss before 5 pm. g
A. 15. Amanda hasn’t seen her older sister
B. _______________ last April.
C. A.
D. B.In
10. James’ wife accused him _____________ C. A
cheating. r
A. o
B. u
C. W n
i d
t D. S
h i
D. n
11. Kathleen apologized ________________ her c
brother’s poor behaviour. e
A. 16. Their relationship was ______________ because
B.In of jealousy.
C. A.
D. B.In
12. There is no doubt that Adam is very good C. O
___________ telling jokes. v
A. e
B. O r
v D.
e 17. Julia came all the way _______________ Russia
r to see her boyfriend.
C. A. F
D. W r
i o
t m
h B. S
13. These dresses were ____________ sale last i
week. n
A.In c
B. e
C. C. B
D. e
Up f
14. There is a bridge _____________ the river. o
 r n
e d
D.In 19. Ai Ling is worried ________the test because she
18. The detective chased the killer ______________ thinks that she will fail the test.
the streets. A.
A. S B.
i C.
n D. A
c b
e o
B. T u
h t
r 20. Jeanne was texting her boyfriend
o ___________the teacher was teaching.
u A. U
g n
h t
C. D i
u l
r B.
i C. W
n h
g i
D. B l
e e
y D.
o
Prepositions of time
1. World War I and World War II were _____ the on since
20th century. 11. I went swimming _____ the evenings.
at for in into on at in into
2. What did you do _____ the weekend? on since
at in of on to 12. I slept a lot _____ Saturdays.
3. We sent a lot of postcards _____ Easter. for in of
at in into on since on to
4. We always visited our parents _____ 13. I saw you _____ Thursday.
Christmas. over on into
at beyond in on to in at
5. They broadcast _____ Monday evenings. 14. I sang and danced _____ my birthday.
for in into of on to on into
6. They both were born _____ 9th May. in at
onto on into in at 15. I got up _____ six o'clock.
7. She was born _____ 1968. at during in
at for in on through
on since 16. I felt very tired _____ Christmas day.
8. It rained a lot _____ the spring. on into in
to through at for at
in on 17. I drove a car _____ the morning.
9. I woke up _____ the middle of the night. up on inside
in of on in at
since to 18. I broke my leg _____ December.
10. I woke up _____ midnight exactly. since on into
at for in in for
19. He was a very popular singer _____ the 20. He came _____ quarter to twelve.
1980s. during for in at on
at for in on to
 PASSIVE VOICE QUIZZ
1. --- Is there any subway like this in your B
city? 1. I __________ my watch at home, so I don't
--- Yes, but it ___________ at the moment. know what time it is.
is still been built A. ? have left
is still being builded B. ? have been left
is still being built C. ? was left
is built D. ? am left
2. --- Did you enjoy last night's concert? 2. The football team __________ eleven
--- Yes, although Beethoven's Fifth Symphony members.
__________rather poorly. A. ? is made up
has been played B. ? makes up of
was playing C. ? consists of
had played D. ? is consisted of
was played 3. The British __________ not to be very good
3. In some parts of the world, tea __________ at cooking.
with milk and sugar. A. ? says
is serving B. ? say
serves C. ? is said
served D. ? are said
is served 4. Vehicles __________ through that area on
4. I need one more stamp before my collection Saturday night.
__________. A. ? don't let pass
has completed B. ? are not let to pass
completed C. ? are not letted to pass
is completed D. ? are not let pass
will complete 5. The grandmother __________ that her
5. Several people __________ in yesterday's grandson _________ in the school.
car crash. A. ? told ------ was taken good
were badly hurt care of
were badly hurted B. ? was told ------ had taken
was badly hurt good care of
hurted badly C. ? has told ------ taken good
6. Paper __________ by the Chinese long care of
before its use __________ in Europe. D. ? was told ------ had been
invented ------ known taken good care of
was invented --------- were known 6. This dictionary __________ to you; yours
invented ------ was known __________ by someone else.
was invented ------ was known A. ? is not belonged ---------- has
7. As soon as everyone __________ the been taken
examination __________, the test papers were B. ? doesn't belong ---------- has
given out. taken
taking ------ was seated C. ? doesn't belong ---------- has
took ------ seated been taken
taking ------ seated D. ? doesn't belong ---------- will
taken ------ was seated have been taken
8. Higher education __________ available to 7. The money the lady spent on clothes last
all high school graduates in this country. year __________ more than $10,000.
have been made A. ? was added to
has been made B. ? added up to
has made it C. ? added to
have made it D. ? was added up to
9. Many machines __________ by electricity. 8. Although Mr. Smith is __________ a
are made run famous writer, he talks very little about
are made to run himself.
make to run A. ? known about
are made running B. ? known for
10. Worries __________ all kinds of illness, C. ? knowing as
from high blood pressure to stomachache. D. ? known as
believe to have caused 9. Once the plan __________ , a student may
are believed to be caused get as much as $1,000 as travel expenses.
are believed to cause A. ? gets approved
believed to be caused B. ? approved
 C. ? was approved A. ? has left on
D. ? gets approving B. ? have left on
10. The lights in the kitchen __________ all C. ? have been left on
night. D. ? has been left on

COUNT AND NON-COUNT NOUNS

1. __________ father is an engineer. 1. With the address given to him, he had no
A. ? William and Michaels' __________ in finding his friend's new
B. ? Williams' and Michaels' house.
C. ? William's and Michael's A. ? difficulties
D. ? William and Michael's B. ? troubles
2. My trousers are old. I have to buy C. ? difficulty
__________. D. ? difficult
A. ? a new pair 2. Nine __________ are eating grass at the
B. ? a pair of foot of the hill.
C. ? a new one A. ? sheepes
D. ? a new ones B. ? sheeps
3. Most of the wood here __________ to make C. ? sheep
furniture. D. ? shoop
A. ? is used 3. John brushes his __________ twice a day.
B. ? are used A. ? teeth
C. ? uses B. ? tooth
D. ? are using C. ? tooths
4. All that can be done __________. D. ? teeths
A. ? has been done 4. The farmer has many __________ on the
B. ? have done farm.
C. ? have been done A. ? geeses
D. ? has done B. ? gooses
5. All of them __________ interested in C. ? goose
photography. D. ? geese
A. ? is 5. There __________ no water in the bottle.
B. ? are A. ? is
C. ? show B. ? are
D. ? shows C. ? were
6. __________ have you read today? D. ? has
A. ? How many news 6. Would you tell me where the __________
B. ? How many pieces of news store is?
C. ? How much piece of news A. ? shoes
D. ? How much pieces of news B. ? shoe
7. All the __________ given by Mr. Smith C. ? shoe's
__________ quite helpful to us all. D. ? shoes'
A. ? advices --- are 7. We forgot both of the __________ .
B. ? advice --- are A. ? rooms numbers
C. ? advice --- is B. ? room's numbers
D. ? advices --- is C. ? room number
8. Jane is a close friend of __________. D. ? room numbers
A. ? Mary's mother 8. There are three _________________
B. ? Mary's mother's working for the project.
C. ? Marys' mother A. ? women scientists
D. ? Mary mothers' B. ? woman scientists
9. My younger sister wears modern C. ? women scientist
__________. D. ? woman scientist
A. ? clothings 9. John __________ Mike when they met at
B. ? clothes the airport.
C. ? dressing A. ? shook hand with
D. ? cloth B. ? shake hands with
10. A: Where is your father? B: At __________. C. ? shook hands with
A. ? Mr. Green D. ? shake a hand with
B. ? the Mr. Greens 10. She bought __________ eggs at the
C. ? Mr. Green's supermarket.
D. ? Mr. Greens' A. ? three dozen
B B. ? three dozens
C 6. The rainbow is one of the most beautiful
1. I need to buy two ______ of color ______. __________ of the nature.
A. ? boxs --- chalks A. ? phenomenon
B. ? boxes --- chalks B. ? phenomena
C. ? boxes --- chalk C. ? phenomenons
D. ? boxs --- chalk D. ? phenomenas
2. He is only thirty, but has got __________. 7. The two men are __________.
A. ? a few gray hairs A. ? of the same ages
B. ? a few gray hair B. ? of same age
C. ? a little gray hair C. ? same age
D. ? a little gray hairs D. ? of the same age
3. We should make a careful study of the old 8. The umbrella was really _______in my trip.
teacher's __________. A. ? of much use
A. ? teaching experience B. ? much
B. ? teaching experiences 9. ______ will conquer nature.
4. __________ to play with the kids! A. ? Man
A. ? What a fun it is B. ? Men
B. ? What a fun is it C. ? The man
C. ? What fun it is D. ? The men
D. ? How fun it is 10. The little boy is smart. He has __________.
5. ___________weather we have today! A. ? brain
A. ? What a nice B. ? a brain
B. ? What nice C. ? brains
D. ? the brain

Gap fill-in
Speaking already
Q1 Can you hear what he is .......? (a) saying (b) speaking (c) telling (d) talking
Q2 She hasn't come home ........ (a) still (b) already (c) yet (d) till
Q3 I ....... TV yesterday evening. (a) saw (b) looked (c) viewed (d) watched
Q4 We live ....... the city centre. (a) near (b) next (c) by (d) nearby
Q5 She looks ....... a famous film star. (a) as (b) like (c) similar (d) same
Q6 This television gives you the ....... news. (a) last (b) latest (c) least (d) later
Q7 I only ....... one mistake in last night's test. (a) made (b) done (c) did (d) make
Q8 I want you to tell me the ....... truth. (a) all (b) exact (c) real (d) whole
Q9 He is looking ....... a present to buy his girlfriend. (a) for (b) at (c) in (d) on
Q10 That's what I would like ....... Christmas. (a) for (b) at (c) in (d) on

Like a red rag

Q1 Don't talk to him about politics because it's like a ....... rag to a bull. (a) blue (b) white (c) red (d) black
Q2 He takes the optimistic view and talks about a ....... skies scenario. (a) red (b) blue (c) white (d) yellow
Q3 She hasn't worked here very long and is therefore a little ....... on matters of procedure. (a) red (b) blue
(c) white (d) green
Q4 Now that they have read it in ......., they believe me. (a) red and blue (b) blue and red (c) white and
black (d) black and white
Q5 The reason why I feel so ....... today is because it's my birthday and no-one has sent me any cards. (a)
red (b) blue (c) white (d) black
Q6 She lost the company a lot of money last week and as a result has got a ....... mark against her name.
(a) red (b) blue (c) white (d) black

Q7 In this business you cannot afford to make any mistake and must be seen to be lily ........ (a) red (b)
blue (c) white (d) green
Q8 As they turned round and ran away, people thought they were ........ (a) red (b) blue (c) white (d)
yellow
Q9 Ask her to help you with your calculations because she's ....... hot at mathematics. (a) red (b) blue (c)
white (d) black
Q10 I know he doesn't like you because the moment you came in the room I saw him give you a .......
look. (a) red (b) blue (c) white (d) black

Newspaper Headlines
Q1 Some people only read the ....... lines in a newspaper. (a) top (b) big (c) main (d) head
Q2 You should always check the sell ....... date of things you buy in the supermarket. (a) in (b) through (c)
by (d) off
Q3 When the building was completed, all the workers were paid ........ (a) off (b) through (c) out (d) over
Q4 The boss was good enough to ....... my mistake. (a) oversee (b) overtake (c) overdo (d) overlook
Q5 It is always ....... when you misunderstand the customs of other countries. (a) embarrassing (b)
peculiar (c) singular (d) attitude
Q6 Newspapers are ....... to people's doors every day. (a) taken (b) distributed (c) delivered (d) handed
Q7 In her speech she expressed her ....... for all the help she had been given. (a) thankfulness (b) gratitude
(c) gratefulness (d) thanking
Q8 In ....... nothing much happened at the meeting. (a) quick (b) briefly (c) short (d) shortly
Q9 At the end of the speech the whole assembly gave the speakers a standing ........ (a) ovation (b)
applause (c) cheering (d) support
Q10 Politicians pretend to ignore opinion ........ (a) votes (b) figures (c) numbers (d) polls
 LANGUAGE PRACTICE
VOCABULARY TEST
1 Complete each sentence with a word formed from the word in capitals.

0 My alarm clock didn’t go off and so I overslept this morning. OVERSLEEP

1 I had been in the country for a year, but I still felt like a ________________ . FOREIGN
2 I have never felt such great ________________ since the day I got married. HAPPY
3 He’s only been in the job for one week so he’s a bit ________________ . EXPERIENCE
4 I’ve known him since school days. Our ________________ is very strong. FRIEND
5 It makes me feel bad to see so many________________ people sleeping in the street. HOME
6 It hasn’t rained for months and there’s a great water ________________ . SHORT
7 I don’t like this job. I’m ________________ and overworked. PAY
8 Smoking can be very ________________ to your health. DANGER
9 We’ve got all the modern ________________ in our factory. MACHINE
10 I’m really sorry, I think there has been a ________________ . UNDERSTAND

2 Complete each compound word with a word from the box.

about ache coat doors ground makers path table washer

0 Make sure you walk on the footpath , because the road is dangerous.
1 Turn left at the next round________________.
2 My time________________ this year is quite good – I’ve got nothing on Friday afternoon.
3 I’d prefer to stay in a hotel with holiday________________ , rather than business people.
4 Has anyone got an aspirin? I’ve got a terrible head________________ .
5 It’s cold outside, I think you’ll need an over________________ .
6 To get into London from Heathrow airport just take the Under_____________ .
7 You don’t need to clean the plates yourself, we have a dish________________ .
8 It’s a lovely day. Let’s eat our lunch out________________ in the park.

3 Underline the correct word or phrase in each sentence.

0 By 11.00 I felt so tired/tiring that I went to bed.

1 How many photos did you make/take on holiday?
2 I read a really interested/interesting article in the newspaper today.
3 That meal we had yesterday was horrible. I particularly/properly disliked the fish.
4 Have you got any more clothes to put in the dishwasher/washing machine?
5 I’ve told you now/time and again to do your homework!
6 John hates waiting more than ten minutes for a bus. He gets very impatient/unpatient.
7 Sharon was early for her appointment so she read a magazine to lose/pass the time.
8 Shall I turn the central conditioning/heating off. It’s very hot in here.
9 Marcus always said/told the truth. It was impossible for him to lie.
10 It was awful/awfully difficult to read the sign as it was so dark.

4 Choose the word on the right that best matches the descriptions.

0 in the kitchen – you find plates and cups in it d a) bin

1 in the wall, where you get power for electrical equipment ___ b) carpet
2 in the kitchen – turn it to get water ___ c) ceiling
3 in the corner of the room, full of paper ___ d) cupboard
4 the top part of the house – where the chimney is ___ e) cushion
5 the top part of the room – where the lamp hangs down ___ f) fence
6 around the garden ___ g) gate
7 between the front door and the garden, to help you get down ___ h) pillow
8 at the end of the garden path, just before the street ___ i) roof
9 covering the floor, from one wall to the other ___ j) rug
10 covering a small area of the floor, in the middle of the room ___ k) socket
11 on a bed, to make your head comfortable ___ l) step
12 on a sofa, to make your back comfortable ___ m) tap

5 Underline the correct word in each sentence.

0 When her bicycle was stolen, Jill became extremely angry/nervous.

1 Do you like/fancy going out for a pizza this evening?
2 A lot of my relatives/parents live in America.
3 Those grapes look delicious. I’ll have a large packet/bunch, please.
4 She always shows good judgment. She’s very sensible/sensitive.
5 My brother would really look good in that shirt/blouse.
6 Can you borrow/lend me some money until tomorrow?
7 I was absolutely fascinated/fascinating by his story about Africa.
8 Happy anniversary/birthday, Oliver! Six years old today. Are you having fun?
9 You’ll find better prices/values in the shops if you wait until the sales.
10 My car has broken down. Could you give me a hand/help?
11 Waiter, here is my credit card. Can I have a receipt/bill please?
12 This pullover is much too big for me. It feels really lose/loose.

6 Complete each sentence with a word from the box. One of the words is used twice.

after away back down for in on out up with

0 I’m longing for a few weeks holiday.

1 Excuse me, I’d like to try ________________ this jacket. Where are the changing rooms?
2 I’ll lend you the money but you must pay me ________________ by Friday.
3 Christine said she’d drop ________________ to see her aunt on the way home from Scotland.
4 Do you think my new shirt will go ________________ these trousers?
5 Paul promised to help me with the decorating today but he’s gone to a football match instead. He’s really let
me ________________ .
6 Joanna put ________________ a thick pair of boots as it was snowing outside.
7 Let’s go ________________ to Paris for the weekend. I’ve never been there.
8 Did you know that Louise is going ________________ with my ex-boyfriend?
9 Robbie wanted to dress ________________ as Batman for the party.
10 Jack takes ________________ his father. They’ve even got the same ears!

7a Match the words in the box with the definitions.

cruise journey tour travel trip voyage

0 the general activity of moving from place to place (uncountable noun) travel
1 going from one place to another, usually over a long distance or long time ________________
2 going to a place, staying there, and coming back again ________________
3 a circular journey during which you visit several places ________________
4 a holiday on a large ship ________________
5 a long journey by sea or in space ________________

b Now complete each sentence with a word from the same box.

0 Foreign travel is very popular these days.

1 The sightseeing ________________ costs €15. You see Big Ben, the Tower of London and St Paul’s.
2 We drove from Germany all the way down to Italy. It was a two-day ________________ .
3 The ________________ from England to America across the Atlantic took several weeks.
4 My parents are going on a ________________ around the Caribbean Islands.
5 They’ve just come back from a ________________ to Ireland. They had a wonderful time.

8 The words in italics are in the wrong sentences. Find the best word for each sentence.

0 We weren’t sure what to order for lunch, so we asked for the whistle. menu
1 There are no cars in the city centre – it’s a traffic-free menu. ________________
2 If you can’t afford a hotel, why not stay in a youth crossing? ________________
3 The morning rush tyre lasts from seven until half past nine. ________________
4 We can’t drive to Italy in one day. We’ll need to make an overnight hour. ________________
5 Sorry I’m late. I was stuck in a traffic zone. ________________
6 It’s safer to walk along the road a bit and use the pedestrian hostel. ________________
7 I had to push my bike all the way up the hill. I got a flat stop. ________________
8 The players must stop when they hear the referee’s jam. ________________

9 Decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each space.

Hi James

We’re on holiday at the moment and we’ve brought our (0) B with us. It’s small but quite comfortable. We’re (1)
______ in France for two weeks, right in the middle of the French (2) ______ . There’s some wonderful (3) ______
around here. There’s even a small (4) ______ where I can (5) ______ fishing. The place has certainly (6) ______
up to our expectations.

Actually, we’re lucky to be here as a car (7) ______ into a lorry in front of us on the motorway in England and we
nearly (8) ______ the boat. Sarah was ill for a short while and I had to go to the (9) ______ in the nearest village
to get her some aspirin. She seems to have got (10) ______ her illness now, but I had to make all the (11)
______ for a couple of days. As you know, I’m not the best (12) ______ in the world and while I was (13) ______
some bacon the pan was set (14) ______ fire. Luckily, we had a fire (15) ______ with us and it soon brought the
fire under control.

We’re off to the beach now. Hope you’re keeping well.

All the best

Dominic

0 A bungalow B caravan C castle D cottage

1 A passing B remaining C spending D staying

2 A country B countryside C land D ground

3 A look B scenery C sight D view

4 A canal B river C sea D stream

5 A do B go C make D take

6 A kept B lived C seemed D was

7 A collapsed B crashed C hit D struck

8 A arrived B caught C lost D missed

9 A chemist’s B physician C surgeon D hospital

10 A from B off C on D over

11 A courses B food C meals D plates

12 A chef B chief C cook D cooker

13 A baking B boiling C grating D frying

14 A in B from C on D over

15 A brigade B engine C extinguisher D fighter

10 Complete each sentence with a word formed from the word in capitals.

0 Nowadays it’s very important to get a good education . EDUCATE

1 I don’t have much ________________ of European history. KNOW
2 My pencil has broken! Have you got a ________________ ? SHARP
3 Tomorrow I’m going to send off my ________________ form for the job. APPLY
4 Her brother works in the factory as an ________________ . ENGINE
5 The ________________ in this city has got worse. I find it difficult to breathe. POLLUTE
6 Tony Blair is one of Britain’s most famous ________________ . POLITICS
7 I’ve been out of work for ages. It’s not much fun being ________________ . EMPLOY
8 If you go to court you will need a good ________________ . LAW
9 Our team is very ________________ . We’ve won three international competition this year. SUCCEED
10 It’s very difficult to live in London on a low ________________ . COME

11 Choose the word on the right to complete each sentence.

0 Look! It’s not working because the plug isn’t in the j . a) battery
1 My shirt got very creased in the suitcase. I need an ___ . b) bulb
2 If the shelf is coming off the wall, try to tighten the ___ . c) glue
3 Hang your coat over there on that ___ . d) hook
4 When a lamp suddenly goes out, we need to change the ___ . e) iron
5 If you need to climb onto the roof, use a ___ . f) ladder
6 If you get lost in the forest, use your ___ . g) lock
7 This key doesn’t work. They must have changed the ___ . h) razor
8 To stop the alarm working, the burglars cut the ___ . i) screw
9 In case of punctures, cars always carry a spare ___ . j) socket
10 I need to have a shave, but I haven’t got a ___ . l) compass
11 My mobile phone isn’t working. I need to recharge the ___ . l) tyre
12 The envelope won’t stick down properly. I need some ___ . m) wire

12 Underline the correct word in each sentence.

0 Before we set off, we listened to the climate/weather forecast.

1 My favourite/preferred time of year is Spring.
2 Our main bureau/office is in Swindon.
3 Can I just write that date down in my agenda/diary?
4 Your hair is too long. Give me those cutters/scissors and I’ll cut it.
5 I’m always pulling up crops/weeds in the garden. They get everywhere.
6 At present people resign/retire at 65. In the future it may be different.
7 The car has got a small engine/machine and is very economical to use.
8 Lots of chemicals farmers use harm/spoil the environment.
9 Julie’s studying to become a primary school professor/teacher.
10 Bill thanked the guest/host for the party and went home.
 SUBJUNCTIVE AND CONDITIONALS
I. Supply the correct mood of the verbs in brackets:
1. We (to be) ………………disappointed if there is no snow for winter holidays. 2. If I (to know)
……………….his language, I would speak to him. 3. It (to rain) ……………………….. if there had been
a high wind. 4. If you ( not to learn) …………………… it so well, you would not have had a good mark.
5. If it rains this afternoon, I (to take) …………………. my coat. 6. I (to return) ……………………… if
you want me to. 7. Your flowers would grow better if you (to water) ………………… them more
frequently. 8. Would you mind if I (to come) …………………….. a little later? 9. If he (not to break)
…………………… his leg, he would have been able to take part in competition. 10. If you (to make)
…………………… a mistake, the teacher would correct it.
II. Supply the correct mood of the verbs in brackets:
1. I (to touch) ………………………..it if I (to be) ………………….you. 2. We (to have) ….…………
dinner at home if we (not to miss) ……………………. the bus. 3. If he (to be able)
………………………… to swim, he (to drown) ……………….………… 4. If she (to answer)
……………………….. the telephone, she (to hear) ………..…………….. the good news. 5. You (to find)
……………………… the book if you (to open) ……………………….. the bag. 6. We (not to know)
………………………. anything about their plans for the summer holidays if Mario (not to send )
……………………….us a letter. 7. If he (to be) ……………………in town yesterday he (to call)
……………………... on us. 8. If I (to know) …………………… of your arrival I (to meet)
………………………… you. 9. If you (to know) ……………………….. what it is all about, you (not to
keep on ) …………………..……… smiling. 10. If you (to leave) ………………………. earlier you (to
catch) ……………………… the tram.

III. Paraphrase the following into complex sentences with subordinate clauses of condition.
1. Come and stay with us for a week or there about. We should be only too glad!
2. I recognised you at once, for your brother described you to me.

3. I forgot to wind up my watch. It has stopped.

4. I will not invite them so they will not come.

5. The garden doesn’t look beautiful because the trees are bare.

6. The river was not frozen. We could not go skating.

7. They had planned to visit us, but Mary fell ill

8. Open the door or I won’t be able to come in.

9. Mr. Smith modernised his factory years ago, and now he is rich.

10. He doesn’t know her address or he will write to her, I’m sure.

IV. Supply the correct mood of the verbs in brackets:

1. Dora wished she (to get) …………………………her book out of the suitcase before the train
started. 2. I wish I (can)…………………. play tennis as well as you do. 3. He wished he (to stay) ……..
….…………… in bed the whole morning. 4. I wish I (to know) ………………… he was your friend. 5.
You are looking wonderful, I wish I (to have) ………………….. your health and vitality. 6. She wishes
we (can) ………………….understand her. 7. She wished they (not to notice) ……………………. her
embarrassment. 8. I wish I (to buy ) ……………. the car when it was cheaper. 9. I wish I (not to lie)
……………………. to Mary. She is so upset now. 10. My father wished he (to see) …………….……
the football match but he didn’t have time.

V. Choose the correct conditional form to complete the sentences below. Once you have decided on
your answer, click on the arrow to check your answer.

1. If I … (stay) in Barlinek, I would have found a new girlfriend.

2. He would do more to help the poor if he … (be) the Pope.

3. If he goes to London on a business trip, he often …. (visit) Soho.

4. We won't go to the film unless they … (arrive) in the next 5 minutes.

5. She … (buy) a new car if she had had the money.

6. If Yoko were me, she … (go) to Manchester immediately.

7. They will talk to Jacek if he … (come).

8. Bożena comes to work 30 minutes late if her child … (miss) the bus to school.

9. If Peter … (think) twice, he wouldn't have made such a stupid mistake.

10. Kasia … (become) a university lecturer if she studies hard.

11. If they … (know) all the facts, they would have found the defendant guilty.

12. Unless you … (hurry up), we will never arrive on time.

13. If I were in charge, I … (change) the standard business routines.

14. He takes his daughter out to dinner, if she … (come) to town.

15. If I hadn't known better, I … (trust) him.

CONDITIONALS II
Q1 - If I ...... you, I would tell him straightaway Q5 - ........, I'd have come immediately
were Were I to know
am Had I known

Q2 - If you ...... yellow and blue, you get green Q6 - If I ...... you, I would never have done that
will mix had been
mix were

Q3 - If I .........., I would never have done it Q7 - Provided you ........ there half an hour before it
knew starts, you'll get straight in
had known will get
get
Q4 - Unless you ...... things easy, you'll get ill
take Q8 - Unless you ....... drinking, you'll have serious
don't take health problems
 will stop Q21 - What ........ do if you were in my position?
stop will you
would you
Q9 - If you see him, ......... him to call me?
will you ask Q22 - You'll be very ill ....... smoking
would you have asked if you stop
unless you stop
Q10 - ........ her help, I'd have been in real trouble
But for Q23 - He ....... be able to see you if you get there
If only before nine o'clock
would
Q11 - ........, what would you ask her? might
Had you seen her
Were you to see her Q24 - Provided you work hard, you ....... pass the
exam without any difficulty
Q12 - If I ........., I'd have done it myself would
were there will
had been there
Q25 - What would you do if the police ......... you?
Q13 - ........., you'll miss your flight arrested
If you hurry arrest
Unless you hurry
Q26 - Provided you ......... the application forms, you
Q14 - ....... there, will you ask him to call me? should get the loan straightaway
If he will be will complete
Should he be complete

Q15 - Suppose there ......... a problem, what would Q27 - I ......... there if I'd known about it
you have been able to do? would never have gone
had been would never go
was
Q28 - She ............. so worried about the operation if
Q16 - If the weather holds, I ........ play golf this the doctor had explained things better
afternoon wouldn't have been
will wouldn't be
would
Q29 - ......... there, you could have helped me
Q17 - If I ........, I'll do it this evening Unless you had been
could Had you been
can
Q30 - If I ...... in your shoes, I'd be very worried
Q18 - Come on Friday if you ....... indeed
will be able to would be
can were

Q19 - ........ you retire if you won the lottery? Q31 - If he ........ earlier, many lives wouldn't have
Would been ruined
Will had been caught
was caught
Q20 - If she ..... there, will you give her a message
for me? Q32 - What ........... if you had seen an accident on
is your way here?
will be
 would you have done might be able
would you do might have been able

Q33 - If the ambulance had arrived sooner, Q37 - If I had my life over again, I ...... to university
they ......... her life to study history
had saved would have gone
might have saved would go

Q34 - How ...... you cope if you lost your job? Q38 - If he's there, you ...... to tell him what
will happened
would ought
should
Q35 - If he tries, he ........ do well
might Q39 - I ......... better than to have trusted them
would should have known
should know
Q36 - If you'd told me earlier, I ....... to help you the
other day

REPORTED SPEECH phone

to phone
Q1 - I told him ____ do it. Q8 - She said that no one _____ to the meeting last
to not week.
to don't has come
not to had come
don't
Q9 - She told me ____ she wasn't going to come.
Q2 - He asked us ____ show our passports. that
if ---
to Either could be used here.
for
Q10 - He asked me what I _____ if I failed to get the
Q3 - She asked us if we ____ finished the work on job.
Monday. would do
have would have done
had
Q11 - He told me he ___ be here by three o'clock at
Either could be used here.
the latest and it's half past already.
Q4 - She asked us ____ on time. will
to be would
for being Either could be used here.

Q5 - She asked if she ____ leave early. Q12 - She promised she _____ do it by the end of the
can week and then let me down.
could will
would
Q6 - They asked me _____ going to the party. Either could be used here.
that I was
if I was Q13 - She said it _____ raining when she got here.
already started
Q7 - He told me ____ my father. had already started
Either could be used here.
Q14 - She explained how ______ do it. worse
to worst
I should
Either could be used here. Q11 - The worst play I've ..... seen
ever
Q15 - He said he _____ her before. never
didn't meet
hadn't met Q12 - I saw .....
Either could be used here. anybody
nobody

Q13 - Something ...... be done about it

GAP FILL-IN I ought

should
Q1 - I ...... to him for the past month Q14 - We ..... better be off now
didn't speak had
haven't spoken would
Q2 - Professionals ....... as doctors and lawyers Q15 - It's about a journey up .....
Like the Amazon
Such Amazon
Q3 - The dog's ..... the field Q16 - We stayed at ....... Hotel
in Grand
at The Grand
Q4 - Professionals ....... doctors and lawyers Q17 - The house ..... I was born
Like where
Such which
Q5 - The doctor, ..... saw me in the afternoon Q18 - The house ..... I was born in
who where
that which
Q6 - The nurse ..... saw me in the afternoon Q19 - The house in ..... I was born
who where
which which
Q7 - Something ...... to be done about it Q20 - ..... least
ought at
should in
Q8 - I didn't see ..... Q21 - It didn't bother me ..... the least
anyone at
no-one in
Q9 - She didn't ..... finish it Q22 - According .... the media
quite to
quiet with
Q10 - The ..... film I've ever seen Q23 - In accordance ..... the regulations
 with Q29 - It was ..... a nice day
to so
such
Q24 - She took it ...... her bag
from Q30 - The weather was ..... nice
out so
such
Q25 - She took it ...... of her bag
from Q31 - It all happened ..... quickly
out so
such
Q26 - It was ...... hot to drink
too Q32 - ..... people
such Many
Many of
Q27 - It was ...... hot that I couldn't drink it
so Q33 - ..... the people
too Many
Many of
Q28 - It was ...... hot to touch
too
so

TIME CLAUSES
 Complete these sentences with if, unless, when, as soon as or until.
1. We’ll never get there on time __________ Sedef gets ready quickly.
2. I’m so excited. I’m going to get my skis on _________ we get there!
3. I’d take that job _________ the salary was better.
4. I’ll take driving lessons ________ I’ve finished school. I’m not in a hurry.
5. I can’t go to the office ________ I’ve found my car keys!
6. Alex won’t get a birthday present from me __________ I go shopping today. His birthday is
tomorrow.
7. We won’t be able to buy a new car _________ we’ve saved enough money.
8. I have to take the pasta out of the water __________ it’s cooked, or it gets too soft and sticky.
9. We’d go and visit them more often _________ getting there was cheaper.
10. I’d buy myself an up-to-date iPhone __________ I had a really good job.
 Complete the sentences with the verb either in future or present tense, using contractions
when possible.

1. He will wash up before he (to go) to bed.

2. When it (to get) cold I 'll light the fire.
3. When the Queen (to arrive) the audience will stand up.
4. She (to give) the children their dinner before he comes home.
5. I will pay you when I (to get) my cheque.
6. She (to stay) in bed till the clock strikes seven.
7. He'll have to behave better when he (to go) to school.
8. She will go on until he (to tell) her to stop.
9. The lift (not start) until you press that button.
10. When he (to return) I'll give him the key.
 REVISION
I. Fill in the sentences with the correct form of the passive:

1 Please wait in the lounge while your room ________(clean).

2 From next week, you ________ (expect) to arrive at work on time.
3 Too much money ________ (spend) last year on personal expenses.
4 Most of the pollution in city centers ________ (cause) by traffic jams.
5 Around £500,000 ________ (steal) from a bank in London this afternoon.
6 Next year over 2,000,000 mobile phones ________ (make) in China.
7 Kill Bill ________ (direct) by Quentin Tarantino.

II. Complete the jokes by putting the verbs in brackets in the correct passive:

1. A teacher asked her class to write an essay about a football match. A minute later all the students
were writing except one boy. The teacher looked at his paper. It said, “The game …………………..
(stop) in the first minute by rain.”
2. “Why …………..the tennis player ………….(give) a cigarette lighter at the end of the competition?”
“I don’t know”
“Because he had lost all his matches”
3. “Mum, do all fairy tales begin with <Once upon a time>?”
“No, darling. Some start with : < Sorry I’m so late, darling, I ……………… (detain) at the office>”

III. Complete these jokes by putting the verbs given in the correct perfect passive form:

1. “Why are you putting a bandage over your pay cheque?”

“Because my salary ………just…………. (cut)”
2. A man went to a hospital for a new brain. He was given a choice between two brains – an
engineer’s for 30,000 $ or a politician’s for 600,000 $.
“Does that mean the politician’s brain is much better?”
“ Not exactly, said the doctor. The politician’s brain ……never ……..(use).
3. “I …………………..(ask) to get married hundreds of times.”
“ Oh! Who by?”
“My parents”
4. A man was visiting his friend in hospital.
“ You ………………..(miss) by everybody at the factory.”
“ That’s nice”
“Yes. Yesterday the boss came to me and said:<What’s happened to what’s-his-name?>”

IV. Ask questions about the underlined part of the sentences:

1. The car belongs to my uncle.

2. The orchestra is playing dance music.
3. The post arrives twice a week.
4. Sir John is kissing a young girl.
5. I usually take two aspirins when I have a headache.
6. She reads love stories mostly.
7. She is wearing a red dress.
8. At Halloween American kids dress up as ghosts.
9. Your father smokes at least 10 cigarettes a day.
10. Miss Smith is talking to her dog in Japanese.
 V. Complete with the right form of the verb indicated:

1. We (live) _________in this small house for the time being.

2. Our house (face)_________west.
3. That woman (wear)_____________my hat!
4. This soup (taste)___________awful.
5. I assure you that the man who (stand)__________over there(not spy)__________on us.
You (imagine)______________things!

VI. Circle the correct form:

1. I must admit that we have serious problems but now we work/are working hard to solve them.
2. Millions of commuters rely/are relying on the railways to get to work in the morning.
3. To be honest, the service is so bad that, until it improves, I drive/am driving to work.
4. Ladies and gentlemen, the train approaches/is approaching King's Cross station, where this service
terminates/is terminating.
5. Do you often go/are going to work by bike?

VII. Complete the jokes by using the right form of the suitable verb from the following: chew,
drown, look, tell, eat

1.”The police ……………for a man with one eye called Bone.”

“What’s his other eye called ?”
2. “Is that your nose or you just ………………..a banana?”
3. It’s Andrew’s first day at a new school.” Excuse me, young man ,but ,…………… gum?” “No, sir,
I’m Andrew Sale.”
4.”Come out of the water ! You are not allowed to swim here!”
“But, I’m not swimming officer, I…………………!!”
5. Two little sisters are in bed together.
“Are you asleep?”
“I (not)………………….you!”

VIII. Complete these sentences with used to or use to and the correct form of the verb in brackets.

1. At first I found it difficult to wake up so early, but now I…………………………(get up) at 5.30 every
day.
2. When we were young, my sister and I …………….….(fight) like cat and dog.
3. My last English teacher made us work really hard; he …………………………………(never give) us
any free time.
4. I……………….. (not like) seafood, but now I’m mad about it!
5. I……………………………………..(not) this horrible weather. I prefer sunshine and warmth.

IX. Correct the mistake in each sentence:

1. Although she doesn’t look it, my sister is much more young than me.
2. Mark is the younger person in the class.
3. Do you think that Yvette is the prettiest girl in our class.
4. The month I spent in Australia was the more exciting month of my life!
5. My brother is slight shorter than me.

X. Choose the best alternative to complete these sentences:

1. He seems a bit rude when you first meet him, but when you……………. to know him better,
he’s really very friendly. A. wasn’t B. hadn’t C. Isn’t D.
A. do B. go C. get D. make didn’t
2. I don’t think I……………. to go out tonight. 7. We spent a ………………………………more
A. Should B. ought C. must D. shouldn’t money than we had intended.
3. …………………..my holidays , I like to take A. lot B. much C. far D
things easy and relax. great
A While B. at C. with D. during 8. He is afraid to……………………………..his
4. We had……………………. a great time we mind; sometimes he can be a bit insensitive.
didn’t want to come home. A. talk B. well C. discuss D. speak
A. So B. very C. really D. such 9. I love that story you wrote; it
5. They ……………………….us not to walk on was………………….. excellent.
the ice in case it broke. A. very B. extremely C. such D. absolutely
A. Said B. suggest C. warned D. 10. This computer costs L850. It’s only
explained a…………cheaper than the one you brought last
6. He was nervous because week.
he………………..been on an aeroplane before. A. little B.less C. much D. slightly

XI. Translate the following sentences:

1. El locuieste in acest oras din 1989.
2. Doar ce am terminat de luat cina.
3. Avionul va decola la 8 p.m.
4. El vorbeste fluent doua limbi.
5. O sa varuiesc camera fiicei mele la primavara.
6. Este primul lucru pe care mi l-ai spus toata ziua.

XII. Turn the sentences into indirect speech:

1. Open the window!
2. Why did you change your job?
3. Why didn’t you go to Mary’s party yesterday?
4. Where will you go tomorrow after the classes?
5. Are you going to her office?
6. Do you like living in the country?

XIII. Turn the sentences into the passive voice:

1. They are building the bridge now.
2. He gave his mother a flower.
3. She brought the news to her friends.
4. They didn’t inform us.
5. She looks after the children very well.

XIV. Choose the suitable word in brackets:

1. (pleasant, pleasantly) We had a …… time in Mamaia.
2. (clearly, clear) Jim spoke very …… when he told us about that.
3. (hard, hardly) He works …… for his children.
4. (slow, slowly) We drove ……along the narrow road.
5. (sad, sadly) His …… eyes cleared when he heard the news.
 VERB AND PREPOSITIONS
1. The young woman with the broken leg leaned … the ambulance assistant.
2. Mothers tell their children not to stare … people.
3. The teacher was very happy because all the students laughed … her jokes.
4. Please protect me … the bad people!
5. During the holidays I always think … you.
6. My mother likes it when I write her e-mail messages; she loves to hear … me.
7. The politician asked me to vote … him.
8. What does this dish consist … ? Just rice and beans.
9. Please include me … your plans; I would very much like to go to the cinema with you.
10. I recently received a cheque … my uncle.
11. Don't thank me … preparing this exercise; it was a real pleasure for me.
12. Oh, go away! Disappear … my sight!
13. My teachers are always trying to prevent me … doing something stupid.
14. I approve … the president's foreign policy.
15. She was very amused … what they did.
16. His parents told him he would never be great; they thought he would never amount … anything.
17. I cannot cope … small children; they make me very tired.
18. She was always very pleased … her students.
19. I always say "Hope … the best, but prepare … the worst."
20. If you know what's good for you you won't interfere … me or my plans!
21. The thief confessed … the robbery.
22. You should always reply … my e-mail messages.
23. It is always wise to protect oneself … bad people and situations.
24. She always confused Spanish … Portuguese.
25. Don't forget to pay … your shopping before you leave the store.

ADJECTIVES AND PREPOSITIONS

1. She is so irritating; she always thinks she is right … everything.
2. I am keen … paragliding - I go every Sunday, rain or shine.
3. She goes weak … the knees every time her boyfriend comes into the room.
4. I am safe … danger in my house - I hope.
5. She is very quick … Maths.
6. It is never a good idea to be rude … other people.
7. She is jealous … her little sister.
8. My teacher is always patient … me.
9. Is there sufficient cake … everyone?
10. He is right … thinking that the earth is round.
11. I am enthusiastic … cinema, and anything to do with film-making.
12. She is too dependent … others; she should try to be more independent.
13. I am fortunate … my choice of friends - they are all great.
14. Don't sit so far … me! Come a little closer.
15. I think he is very good … his German lessons.
16. It is a good idea to be polite … everyone.
17. I am very fond … my aunt - she is a wonderful woman.
18. I am content … what I have.
19. I am ready … the next semester.
20. She was very curious … his private life!
 EXERCISE 1
Four words or phrases, labelled 1, 2, 3, and 4, are given below the conversation. Choose the word or phrase that
will correctly complete the conversation.
Partea superioară a machetei

1. I am slow to _____.
express my opinion
express my viewing
make my views 8. Mary's house is _____ the hair salon. Do you think
make my opinion you can find it?
along
near to
against
2. I have to have this report finished _____. next to
by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning 9. The burning stick was very hot. He let _____ just in
time.
alone it
go alone it
3. We were fortunate enough to visit the Grand go it
Canyon. It has _____. go of it
beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery 10. Do we have _____ money to last us the week?
a lot of
plentiful
plenty of
4. The car was parked directly _____ the diner. enough
before
ahead of
in front of
preceding 11. John decided _____ golf on weekends.
to begin
to commence
to take up
5. The ski resorts are usually crowded. There are to start up
many people _____ skiing.
enjoy
that enjoying
who enjoy 12. It _____ to me whether we meet them or not.
who enjoying makes no difference
makes not a difference
is indifferent
is not a difference
6. It is already 3 o'clock. Can you _____ time to catch
the bus?
have enough
have it in 13. We were _____ after all the hard work.
make in wear out
make it in outworn
weary out
worn out

7. I went to have my glasses _____.

fit
fitted 14. We saw _____ wild animals while on vacation.
fit on quite a few
fitted on
quite much 20. Will they go _____ this summer?
quite many swim
quite some to swim
swimming
to swimming

15. They are late as usual. I don't think we should

_____ them.
await for 21. The New York police were very anxious _____
wait for about the crime.
await on more learn
wait on learn more
to more learn
to learn more

16. Are you _____ the competition?

enter
going entering 22. Many excited women could _____ at the
go to enter department store sale.
going to enter seen
be seen
be seeing
be see
17. You had better _____ the tourist information
office.
inquire at
inquiring at 23. The sink in the locker room tends to _____ .
inquire to flow
inquiring at overflow
flow over
over flowing

18. Ireland was part of the UK, _____?

didn't it
wasn't it 24. How long did the baseball game _____?
hasn't it last
weren't it endure
survive
continue

19. They will be _____ at the party.

present
presents 25. We must _____ the annual board meeting
presenting tomorrow.
at present attend
attend to
attend in
attending

EXERCISE 2

Four words or phrases, labelled 1, 2, 3, and 4, are

given below the conversation. Choose the word or
phrase that will correctly complete the
conversation. 2. When we woke up, everywhere was _____ snow.
1. The subway station is _____ here. covered
near covered by
near to covered with
near from covering
nearing 3. Do earthquakes _____ often in North America?
 break "I worked only minutes _____ railroad track."
break out from
happen to from the
occur near
4. We had better _____ before it begins to rain. away
leave 16. "I don't think it will rain at all today, do you?"
leaving "No, I _____ so."
to leave think not
to leaving not think
5. A large crowd _____ in front of the train station. don't think
gathering do think not
to gather 17. We have only another five minutes. I think we
had gathered _____.
had gathering hurry
6. In winter, driving accidents occur quite _____ on be hurry
the highways. to hurry
frequently should hurry
many 18. Many fans showed up at the stadium. They were
much _____ the big game.
a few anxious seeing
7. Would you like to _____ to the United States? anxious to see
trip to anxiously see
voyage to see anxiously
travel 19. "Who did you meet at the community dinner
went dance?"
8. Most people at some stage have a feeling _____. "I met many _____ people."
responsible grandly
responsibility celebration
of responsibility fame
to be responsible prominent
9. This stadium can hold _____. 20. "John isn't sure that the meeting will be held
much audience tomorrow."
a large audience "But I _____."
much audiences certain
many audiences certainly
10. When the mountain forests _____, there can be am certain
large forest fires. am certainly
become dry 21. My brother loves to watch baseball; I _____
becoming dry basketball.
become drying prefer to watch
drying to prefer watching
11. "What kind of work are you doing for that watch preferring
company?" preferring to watch
"I'm _____ as an administrator." 22. Many people are waiting for the news bulletin. It
worked will _____ soon.
occupied be circulate
hired circulate around
employed come near
12. "I don't want to buy anything, do you?" come around
"Yes, I'd like to buy _____" 23. I think our guests will _____.
pencil be here shortly
much pencils shortly be here
any pencils here be shortly
some pencils here shortly be
13. We can _____ sports on Saturday if you'd like. 24. Who _____ when John is likely to turn up.
do know
have do know
play is knowing
enjoy knows
14. _____ the hotel rooms are reserved throughout 25. The managers are _____ a new work schedule
peak season. now.
Almost arranging
Almost of arranging up
Almost all of be arrange
Most of all to arranging
15. "Where did you work before?"
 EXERCISE 3
Four words or phrases, labelled 1, 2, 3, and 4, are given below the conversation. Choose the word or phrase that
will correctly complete the conversation.
Partea superioară a machetei
1. His family keep asking him _____ smoking. Why don't you guys _____?
give up visits
giving up visit in
to give up drop in
to giving up call in
2. I plan _____ swimming twice a week from now on. 13. We will serve our guests soon. We had better ____ now.
do have table set
on do set table
go setting table
to go set the table
3. We have an exam next week. It is very necessary _____. 14. He hurt his leg _____ in order to miss the exam."
study hard at purpose
to study hard for purpose
hard study in purpose
to hard study on purpose
4. They opened the door at noon. Some people were already _____.
15. How is he _____ these days? I hope he is doing well.
in line to wait get along
in line waiting get to along
line in waiting getting along
waiting in line to getting along
5. The theater performance _____. 16. Are you going to _____ with your cousin while in town?
succeed get in touch
successful getting in touch
was success to getting in touch
was a success have touch
6. I had _____ finding my way around New York when I first arrived.
17. We are going to _____ the Town Games for fun.
quite time part take in
a quite time take part in
a time quite take part with
quite a time taking in part
7. Guess who I _____ yesterday. I saw my old landlord at the bank.
18. Since the rainstorm came _____, it did a lot of damage in the area.
into run surprisingly
into ran rapid
ran into in hurry
run into suddenly
8. The next bus will arrive _____. 19. I'll be home late. Please don't _____ me.
three o'clock wait up on
at three o'clock wait up for
on three o'clock waiting up for
in three o'clock be wait up for
9. He was _____ have a doctor's appointment today. 20. Who will _____ your dog while you are away"
supposed look after
supposing be look after
supposed to to look after
supposing to for looking after
10. "Why are you rushing?" 21. The new teacher loves poems and makes us _____.
"I have _____ with my doctor." learn them heartily
an appointment heartily learn them
a pledge learn them by heart
a promise learning by heart them
a contract 22. _____ I like to do something completely spontaneous.
11. "Let's _____ a new movie tomorrow." every so often
"Yes, let's." every often so
take in very so often
take into very often so
take to 23. Please _____ soon.
taking your mind make up
12. I will stay in the Golden Hotel in New York. up and make your mind
make up your mind out for the question
make upon your mind 25. My assistant John will be _____ in my absence.
24. Taking photos here is _____. charging
questionably on charge
out of question in charge
out of the question for charge
EXERCISE 4

1. "Have you had enough to eat?" 12. This sauce doesn't taste _____ it should.
"I'd like _____, please." as
another for
one more like
some more where as
any more 13. John was neither willing to go _____.
2. The woman was _____ someone might recognize nor able go
her. nor was able
afraid of nor he was able
afraid about nor able to go
afraid for 14. If one is to learn a language well, _____.
afraid that it must be spoken regularly
3. The organisation _____ 25 years ago. one must be spoken regularly
found it must speak regularly
founded one must speak it regularly
was found 15. I don't especially care _____ those types of
was founded movies.
4. I wish I _____ with Ann. by
am to
was for
were with
would be 16. _____ me for a few minutes?
5. Please turn off all the lights when _____. Would you to help
you leave Would you helping
you will leave Would you mind to help
you will leave left Would you mind helping
you had left 17. _____ to the beach on the weekend.
6. Until last year, she was the largest ship that _____. Let's go
was ever built Let's going
has ever built Let's went
has ever been built Let's to go
had ever been built 18. "Did you give John his share of the money?"
7. We lived there _____ ten years. "No, I _____ it to him, but I didn't have enough time."
for was to have gave
during was to have given
since was to had given
while was to had gave
8. My grandfather _____ of heart failure in his sixties. 19. Your taste in movies is very different _____ mine.
dead from
died to
was died with
was dead as
9. They are rich enough to own _____. 20. "You _____ think they'd be here by now."
not a helicopter only, but a yacht as well would
not only a helicopter, but a yacht as well should
only a helicopter, but a yacht as well could
as well as a helicopter, not only a yacht might
10. She _____ the letter on the office desk. 21. I don't know _____ the rope, but hopefully it will
lay do the job.
lied how long
laid how long is
lain the length of
11. There wasn't a single person _____ at the beach. the long of
in sight 22. "Excuse me. Where is the post office?"
on sight "It is _____ of the large blue hotel."
seeing in the front
to see on the front
in front graduated from
on front was graduated
23. She's finally decided that _____ she's going to graduated of
study much harder. 25. We won't be able to go to the club _____ our
after now parents give us permission.
from this although
now from nevertheless
from now on unless
24. My brother _____ the university last year. without
graduated

EXERCISE 5

1. Why don't you try to come home _____ 9 o'clock? "I'm sorry. I really _____."
by am hurry
under am in a hurry
until have a hurry
up to am hurried
2. My father _____ to the Golf Club for the past 25 years. 12. Would you care for _____ cup of tea?
was belonging another
has belonged more
has been belonged one other
has belonging some more
3. Portuguese is quite _____ Spanish. 13. I'm right this time, _____?
similar agree with
similar from agree to
similar to agree
similar with agree about
4. My youngest sister _____ last summer. 14. _____ who looks for trouble usually finds it.
marriaged Anyone
got married These
got marriaged Those
was married to Them
5. Paper is _____ wood. 15. We have much to _____ today, so please concentrate.
made by discuss
made of discuss about
made from discuss over
made with discuss with
6. He _____ take off his shoes before he entered the room. 16. The sun _____ at 7 o'clock yesterday evening.
must set
has to setted
have to has set
had to had setted
7. You'd better go now, _____ you'll miss the next train. 17. I _____ finish my work before lunch yesterday, so I went shopping.
if else able to
or else was able to
or not managed
unless could have
8. He moved the TV antenna _____ he could get a clearer picture.
18. _____ would you most like to have?
because of These of which
in which What of these
so which Any of these
so that Which of these
9. How do you say "that's mine" _____ Spanish? 19. I'll finish my work by four o'clock and _____ home.
by go to
in go back
on come to
with come back to
10. Our mother _____ scrub the kitchen walls and floor. 20. My younger brother plays _____.
had us the piano very well
had us to very good the piano
us had the piano very good
us to very well the piano
11. "Could you do me a small favor?" 21. Lauren _____ in Singapore.
growed
grew up
grown up
was grown up
22. What _____?
means this word
does this word meaning
is this word meaning
does this word mean
23. "Which horse came in first?"
"That tall black one _____."
has
is
was
did
24. I couldn't find _____ your last question.
an answer to
an answer
answering
to answer
25. The electric light was invented in _____.
the nineteenth century
nineteen centuries
nineteen century
century the nineteenth

EXERCISE 6
1. _____ Easter, kids receive lots of chocolate Easter a large collection
eggs in USA. large collection
On much collections
At many collection
In 7. We couldn't enter the court. The police _____ let
By us in.
2. I wish you _____ me how to make such a sauce shall not
last time. won't
teach shouldn't
taught wouldn't
have taught 8. "Have you ever played tennis?"
had taught "Yes, I _____ played it."
3. How much money did he borrow _____ the bank? have
to have ever
of have been
off had been
from 9. Jane didn't go _____ this morning. She was at
4. "How much sugar is left?" "_____." home.
None somewhere
Nothing anywhere
Not some no where
Not one 10. If I _____ you, I wouldn't do that.
5. _____ ended after 4 years in 1918. am
World War First was
World War I were
First World War had been
World War the First 11. We don't travel to any country _____ crime rate is
6. My brother loves music very much and has _____ known to be very high.
of tapes. which
whose were being learned
that which 19. "Hello! _____ John Smith speaking."
that I'm
12. By my 50th birthday, I _____ in my current This is
profession for over 20 years. There is
will be Here is
will have been 20. It is sometimes very difficult _____ in a second
would be language.
would have been to make oneself understood
13. Finally John bought a _____ sedan. for oneself to be understanding
green new 1988 four-door understanding oneself
1988 green new four-door to understand oneself
new green 1988 four-door 21. The hero rode through the village _____ of a large
new four-door green 1988 white horse.
14. My father taught me basic accounting and _____. over the back
to type in the back
how to type back
how to typing on the back
typing 22. This is the _____ curry sauce I've ever tasted.
15. _____ my childhood, I studied in Paris. more good
During most good
Ever best
When most best
While 23. If Jane asks her mother, she _____ permission.
16. Jane's hair is brown, and her eyes _____. may have gotten
green might have gotten
are green might get
was green maybe get
has been green 24. He fell from the top of the metal staircase, _____
17. The children _____ do their homework while breaking his leg.
watching TV yesterday. so
was able to because
were able to thus
would whence
could have 25. My sister lived in France for two years and my
18. The English students _____ by that eccentric niece _____ there.
teacher at that time. borned
were learning born
were being taught was borned
were being teaching was born

EXERCISE 7
1. It is very rude to point _____ someone in many 5. It _____ the day before yesterday.
cultures. snowed
at was snow
to has snowed
into was snowed
off 6. Have you ever _____ on a horse? It is a wonderful
2. Was my child polite _____ you? experience.
at rode
from rid
to to ride
with ridden
3. If our plans are carried _____ now, we will solve 7. He is learning Chinese _____ Mr. Chan.
that issue. through
out by
up to
upon from
through 8. Students are supposed to sit attentively _____
4. The neighbours didn't go on vacation, _____? their desks.
didn't they at
did it beside
did they to
didn't it beneath
9. "Where is the library?" likes football best
"It's _____ your right." likes best football
in best likes football
on likes play football best
at 18. My sister went _____ yesterday.
by to shopping
10. Tom is very temperamental, and he _____. shopping
always gets angry to shop
gets always angry shopped
always angry gets 19. John is _____ soccer magazines.
angry always gets interested
11. "How many products did you sell?" interesting
"_____ than we had expected." interested in
Less interest in
Lesser 20. I liked the job better than Bob _____.
Few did
Fewer do
12. It's not an easy task. However, please have him has done
_____ it. done
do 21. _____ my CDs are indie rock.
to do Almost
doing Almost all
have to do Most
13. I would like to apply _____ the position of sales Most of all
clerk that you advertised in the Sunday newspaper. 22. _____ are you speaking? I didn't catch the name.
for Who
to Whom
with Of who
in Of whom
14. It's often difficult for a young child _____ clothes. 23. _____ will be invited to join us for lunch on
wearing Saturday.
to wear Whoever will come
putting on Whoever come
to put on Whoever comes
15. This knife is quite sharp. We use it _____. Whoever would come
for to cut the bread 24. _____ I hate getting up at six, I have to.
to cut with the bread Much as
cutting with the bread As much
to cut the bread So much as
16. I could have done it for you if you _____. So much
ask to me to 25. I'll give you another hour _____.
asked me to making your mind up
had asked me making up your mind
had asked me to make up your mind
17. Joe _____. to make up your mind

EXERCISE 8
1. _____ the floor manager, we don't need to work to get
this Friday afternoon. to get to
According getting to
According of 4. He likes his new job very much and _____.
According from works hardly
According to hard works
2. You _____ see the doctor if that back ache hardly work
persists. works hard
better 5. Please fill _____ this online application form.
better have up
have better on
had better down
3. How long does it take _____ the nearest train out
station? 6. "I've never seen that movie."
get to "_____ have I."
So been a concert like before this
Either a concert been like this before
Neither before a concert been like this
Too 17. You had better stay _____ home and get rid of
7. "Haven't you been to New York?" your cold.
"_____ been there." at
Yes, I haven't in
Yes, I wasn't inside
No, I haven't into
No, I have 18. "Whose cell phone is this?"
8. "Where does Helen live?" "She lives _____." "It's _____"
in the Moore Street the cell phone of my friend
on Moore Street my friend's
at Moore Street belong a friend of mine
on the Moore Street one of my friends
9. Is your TV _____? 19. "How do I use this tool?" "Hold it _____."
as large as mine on your right firmly hand
so large as me in your firmly right hand
as large as me firmly in your right hand
so large as mine firmly on your right hand
10. I've never seen _____. 20. It's really hard to believe _____.
such a tall man he would say such a terrible thing
so tall man such a terrible thing he would say
such tall man to say he would such a terrible thing
as tall man would he say such a terrible thing
11. Please carry this box _____ the next room. 21. "Did you fully understand what I meant?"
inside "_____."
at I think so
in So I think
into I so think
12. My mother didn't buy _____ food at that store. So think I
one 22. Jane is the woman who is standing _____ my
some mother.
a before
any to the front of
13. "How often do you play tennis?" in front of
"I play _____." front of
two times in a month 23. _____ the audience safely left the theater through
two times a month the fire exits.
two months a time Every one
two times of a month Every member
14. John started his current job _____ October 10. Every member of
at Every all of
on 24. He _____ he was going to visit his sister in Ohio.
in spoke that
to talked that
15. Would you go with us if you _____ the money? said that
will have told that
have 25. We _____ our favorite team's performance.
would have were disappointed by
had were disappointed of
16. There hasn't _____. were disappointing
been a concert like this before were disappointing in

PART 9
I. Five sentences have been removed from the following passage. Choose from the sentences (A-F)
the one which fits each gap (1-5). There is one extra sentence which do not need to use.

Gwen Crowley likes to borrow clothes from other people. She also buys clothes from celebrities
such as Cher in order to sell them in her second- hand clothes shop, Star Wares , in Los Angeles.
 Cher tends to get rid of a lot of her things each year and we just go over with a truck and pick
them up. I’ve met her a few times , although I’ve never been wearing any of her clothes at the time. (1)…
I love Cher’s style. I have her shoes, her jewellery, and even some of her furniture. Many of my
customers don’t wear the clothes they buy and just keep them as souvenirs. (2)…

I also had a denim shirt which I bought from Mel Gibson. I wore it all the time , even when I was
decorating the house. (3)…I really liked that shirt and it was great fun telling people which famous person
owned it before.

Although my husband doesn’t share my passion , he was delighted when I bought him Cary
Grant’s silver cigarette case for his 40th birthday. (4)….It’s wonderful to have a part of someone that you
admire, that you can actually hold, look at and wear. At the moment I’ve got my eye on a very special
costume from my favourite TV programme. (5)… It’s not the sort of thing you can wear to the shops, but
it would certainly attract attention at a fancy dress party!
A. If it was something I really liked, though, I would buy it, no matter how much it cost.
B. I got paint on it and all sorts of other stains , but it broke my heart when I finally had to throw it
away.
C. It’s in a cloth bag and has the actor’s name inscribed on the front.
D. However, I like to enjoy my clothes and I alwayd wear Cher’s things until they’re worn out.
E. It’s Dr McCoy’s original tunic from the Star Trek series.
F. I’m not sure how she’d react if she saw me in one of her old sweaters or skirts.

II. Use the word given to complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
sentence. Do not change the word given .

1. Unless she starts doing some work, she’s going to fail the exam.( if) / She’s going to fail the
exam………doing some work.

2. They have built a science lab for our school. (been)/ A science lab……….for our school.

3. „Don’t try to call me up!” Paul said to me. (told)/ Paul……….call him up.

4. I made a mistake by not reporting the incident to the police. (have)/ I………the incident to the police.

5. Can’t you do any better than that? (best)/ Is that……..you can do?

6. Most students usually wake up early before an exam. ( used)/ Most students are…..before an exam.

7. „Well done!” You raised the most money”, said Angela to us. (congratulated)/ Angela…………the
most money.

8. You will never forget that you saw this play tonight. ( remember)/ You…..this play tonight.

9. Anna got married six months ago. ( since)/ It’s ………Anna got married.

10. „Why haven’t you told us the truth?” his parents asked. (know)/ His parents wanted to…..the truth.

III. Fill in ONE suitable word in each blank. There is one example (0).

It’s a fact that 0- nowadays many young people become involved (1)……crime. (2)…work alone
and others are members of gangs. The (3)…for this are unclear. Some (4)……society is to blame, others
believe that the change in family life is at fault.
 One boy who (5)…broken into numerous houses and robbed the owners of (6)….possessions was
arrested recently for his crimes and held at the police station. He (7)….appear in court shortly and, if he is
found guilty, he will be sentenced to time in jail. His parents are worried about the effect jail will have on
him. Perhaps they should have been (8)….interested while he was growing (9)…. And then, he might (10)
….be in this situation now.

IV. For questions 1- 15, read the text below and decide which word A,B,C or D best fits each space.
There is an example at the beginning (0).

Every year, the village of Pettineo (0) A….its unique arts festival. For a few days each summer,
artists from all over Europe (1)….at this village near the north coast of Sicily to (2)…the creative
atmosphere. (3)…their stay, the artists get together with the local people to paint a one- kilometre long
picture that runs the (4)…of the high street. (5)…the painting is done, each visiting artist joins a local
family for a big lunch and, (6)…the meal, the family receives the (7)…of the painting that the artist has
painted. As a result, (8)…few villagers are rich, almost every home has at (9)... one painting by a well-
known European artist. Visitors to the village are eagerly (10)…into homes to see these paintings.

The festival was the idea of Antonio Presti, a local businessman who (11)…it up several years
ago. Since then , Pettineo has (12)…a sort of domestic art museum in (13)…any visitor can ring a
doorbell, go into a house and (14)…a painting. In addition to this exhibition (15)…paintings in people’s
homes, for those who have time to spare, there is an opportunity to wander through the display of huge
sculptures in the village square.

0 A celebrates B shows C honours D demonstrates

1 A group B crowd C gather D combine

2 A amuse B enjoy C entertain D delight

3 A During B In C While D At

4 A size B measure C length D area

5 A Just B Once C Soon D Only

6 A in addition to B in place of C in common with D in exchange for

7 A partition B section C division D region

8 A though B despite C since D even

9 A less B last C least D most

10 A persuaded B invited C requested D attracted

11 A set B put C got D had

12 A become B advanced C grown D increased

13 A what B where C whom D which

14 A wonder B stare C admire D respect

15 A at B on C of D in
V. Read the text below and look carefully at each line. If the line is corect, put a tick (  ). If it has a
word that should not be there, write this word on the line, as in the examples.

Are you one of those who jump at any occasion to visit the shops? 0 

Are you an unredeemed bargain hunter who ever walks through the 00 ever

markets armed out with your trusty credit card? Shopping can be 1

the best way to begin or end a difficult day. And by this we don’t mean 2

just hitting against the stores, emptying your wallet. We also mean 3

to browsing through a good bookshop for something that will take you 4

to destinations , buying a gadget spotted in a window that is just 5

the own thing to brighten up your desk, choosing a small treat for yourself 6

or a gift for a friend , deciding on to something from Gucci or Armani. 7

Shopping can be lots of things, a combination of those moments 8

after that give you a lift : visiting the shops, having coffee with a friend, 9

opening the bag at home, experiencing the pleasure of that special purchase. 10

VI. Read the text and use the words given in capitals to form words that fit in the numbered gaps.
The words are given in the order in which you need to use them. There is an example at the
beginning.

(0) FASHION; (1) SCULPT; (2) WELL; (3) CONSIDER; (4) DECIDE; (5) POSSIBLE; (6) DAY;
(7) RESIDE; (8) SEE; (9) RESPONSIBLE; (10) BENEFIT.

Modern art has become rather (0)..fashionable..in the North- East of England, and large metallic
(1)….are now fairly commonplace in the region. The (2)…known of these is the 200-ton steel figure,
Angel of the North, erected in Gateshead at the (3)….cost of 800,000 pounds. Many local people were
horrified at the (4)…to spend such a large sum on a 65- foot metal structure. Nevertheless, the Angel is
(5)…one of the most frequently viewd artworks in the world, seen (6)….by almost 100,000 passing
motorists. A number of (7)….in Hartlepool were similarly upset when they were greeted one day by the
(8)…of 15 giant, metal balls on a traffic roudabout in the town centre. They described the payment of
70,000 pounds for the spheres as (9)…and felt the money could have been spent on something more
directly (10)….to the local population.
 FOLLOW UP
Who, Whom, Whose - Gap-fill Exercise those stupid pictures every time we go to her house.
Choose the correct answer for each gap below. 3. I don't know how you convince your children to
clean up their rooms. I couldn't ........................
1. ...................... wrote this book? my children to clean up their rooms if my life
2. ...................... are you going to recommend? depended on it.
3. .......................... dictionary is on the table? 4. Professor Yu ....................... each of her
4. It doesn't look like this is the right students write an essay describing their future goals
address. ...................... did you ask for in life.
directions? 5. Professor Yu .................................. her
5. We have two extra tickets for the students use a dictionary while they were taking the
concert. ......................... wants to go with us? test.
6. It wasn't me! I have no idea ........................ left 6. Debbie's husband hates the opera. But after days
the oven on. of nagging, she finally ..................... him to go see
7. ......................... car is parked in the the new production of La Boheme.
handicapped parking space? If someone doesn't 7. Sally ................... me take off my shoes before
move it, it's going to be towed. I went into her house. She said she wanted to keep
8. The police have called in an expert to the carpet clean.
identify .................... handwriting is actually on the 8. Rebecca Smith requested a copy of that expense
ransom letter. report, so I ............... the courier take one over to
9. Do you remember ................... received the her last week.
Academy Award for best actress that year? Was it 9. Diane thinks television is a waste of time, so she
Nicole Kidman? won't ...................... her children watch TV.
10. Melanie couldn't remember the name of the 10. Mr. Levine .................... his secretary call Ms.
student ......................... science project received Jackson and reconfirm their meeting on Thursday.
the $100,000 prize. 11. Marcus ........................ me drive his new
11. I know exactly .......................... I'm going to BMW. I couldn't believe how quickly it picked up
support in the upcoming election. speed.
12. That's the professor ........................... spent 12. How did you ...................... the doctor to
10 years living with the Pygmies in Central Africa. make a house call? I haven't heard of a doctor
13. She's the actress ......................... he so actually going to a patient's house in years.
vividly describes in his scandalous new book. 13. My boss .................... me get him coffee, pick
14. Can you please tell me the names of the up his dry cleaning and buy presents for his wife. He
people ...................... helped organize the AIDS can't do anything by himself!
charity event? 14. Tommy didn't want to go to his cousin's birthday
15. The national park is being renamed in honor of party, but his mom ............................ him go.
Dian Fossey, ................... scientific research and 15. I can't believe the zoo keeper ................... you
environmental efforts helped save the last remaining feed the snake. That was so cool!
mountain gorillas. 16. The contract was very detailed, and it was
essential that the wording be absolutely correct.
Let / Make / Have / Get - Gap-fill Exercise Therefore, I ........................ the translator
Complete the sentences below using the correct form recheck his work several times to make sure there
of the verbs "let," "make," "have," and "get," . would be no misunderstandings.
17. Cheryl didn't want to wash her car, so with a little
1. Sam really wanted a dog, but his parents
smooth talk she ................... her boyfriend to
wouldn't ...................... him have a pet.
wash it for her.
2. I can't believe she ..................... you look at her
18. If you ask me nicely, I'll ....................... you
vacation pictures again last night. We have to look at
lick the bowl after I make the cookies.
19. Dr. Jackson ........................ the nurse incredibly moving. The interview with the little boy
monitor the patient's condition overnight. who lost his family in the tragedy .....................
20. The news coverage of the recent tornado was everyone cry.

Verbs and Prepositions - Gap-fill exercise

1. She accused me ................. telling lies.
2. You can always borrow a dictionary ...................... the library.
3. Do you believe .................... ghosts?
4. The history teacher asked us to comment ..................... the events taking place in Afghanistan.
5. I am accustomed .................. having a lot of money.
6. When the guests arrived .................... my house they gave me a bottle of wine.
7. Some people stupidly believe that we are in school to prepare ....................... our future jobs.
8. The old woman suffered .................... lumbago.
9. Oh, you are so right! I agree ......................... you completely!
10. She is very dependable. I always know I can count .......................... her absolutely.
11. I want to congratulate you ...................... your success.
12. You won't always be able to rely ......................... your parents.
13. When you are a mountain guide, you sometimes have to wait a long time ..................... the
tourists.
14. My banker told me not to draw all the money ........................... of my bank account.
15. I must insist ......................... your learning these verbs!
16. Are you accusing me ......................... being too strict?
17. How does the man account .................. having all that money in his pocket?
18. The workmen would like to speak ........................ the manager.
19. The visitors objected ....................... the horrible rooms.
20. I always try to agree .............. my twin sister, because it makes her angry if I don't.
21. I just couldn't agree .................... his plan, it was much too dangerous!
22. Young people today can communicate ............... each other using a lot of different machines.
23. It was your fault! Don't try to blame me ............................ the accident!!
24. The head teacher threatened me ................. expulsion if I didn't behave better.
25. Don't forget to thank your parents ................... putting up with you all these years!
QUANTIFIERS – COUNT & NON-COUNT NOUNS

In the following sentences, fill in the gaps with one of the following quantifiers: much, many, lots of, a lot of, little,
most, a little, little, a few, few:

1. It seems to me that we've had ................... assignments in English this term.

2. How ........................... material can we be expected to read in one week?
3. ........................... books are not in the library.
4. I've had ...................... headaches already because of stress.
5. ....................... depression can be attributed to being overworked.
6. Our yard looks awful this summer. There are too ........................... weeds.
7. I didn't use ............................... fertilizer last spring, and that has made a difference.
8. Also, I've paid .................................. attention to how ............................ rain we've had.
9. I'm afraid it's rained .......................... times this summer, and the grass is turning brown and dying.
10. ................................ experts say you should fertilize your lawn in the fall.
11. It didn't seem to do my lawn ................. good.
12. ........................ advice you get from experts doesn't seem to help.
13. ................................ of my neighbors ignore their grass, and they have better lawns this year.
14. They say .......................... knowledge is a bad thing.
15. I know ........................... instances where that proves true.
16. ............................ people know as much about computers as Tomas does.
17. But it does him ........................... good when the whole system goes down
 INVERSION EXERCISES
Exercise 1 - Fill the gaps using the words in the box.
has · before · than · audience · then · was
started · will · can · did · so many · had

1. Hardly ever … an athlete won so many medals in such a short time.

2. Little … we realise what a social faux-pas we had committed.
3. Scarcely … the match started when the trouble began.
4. Only by standing on tip-toe … I able to see anything at all.
5. Seldom can an … have heard a better interpretation of this symphony.
6. Hardly had the controversial opera … when people began to walk out.
7. Only if we leave now … we be in time to catch the train.
8. Never have I seen … people turn out for this event.
9. Rarely … a remark have been more ill-judged.
10. Only … did it become clear what the extent of the damage was.
11. Barely had we had time to pack up the picnic things … the heavens
opened
12. No sooner had we asked for a quieter room, … we were given one.

Exercise 2 - Fill the gaps using the words in the box. ?

else · way · did · circumstances · nothing · such
nor · until · would · account · only · even

1. At no time … he seem to realise what an idiot he was making of himself.

2. At no time before have I heard … arrant nonsense.
3. Nowhere … do they charge you so much for water
4. On no … should you miss this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity.
5. Under no … must this door be left unlocked.
6. Not … she apologises for what she said will I speak to her again.
7. Not … if they halved the price would I buy such a heap of old rubbish.
8. Not for all the money in the world … I do what you're suggesting.
9. Not … do I know you're wrong, but I can also prove you're wrong.
10. Neither was the food up to standard … was the service particularly good.
11. Everyone except me got soaked. Not for … do I always carry an
umbrella.
12. No … am I going to jump into that icy cold water!

Exercise 3 - Make inverted sentences from the sentences given, using the words in
brackets ().
1. You shouldn't tell him about my trip to China. (On no ...)

2. You are not going to get me to eat that! (No way ... !)
3. I have seldom seen such a brilliant goal. (Seldom ...)
4. Such a hurricane has rarely happened in Hereford. (Hardly ever ...)
5. I wouldn't want to hurt your feelings for all the world. (Not ...)
6. They were never aware of the danger that threatened them. (At no time ...)
7. This must not leak out to the press. (Under ...)
8. He wasn't rich and he wasn't handsome. (Neither ...)
9. We haven't often witnessed such artistry. (Rarely ...)
10. The bridge collapsed as soon as we managed to get across. (No sooner ...)
11. We were only able to cross the border by offering him a bribe. (Only ...)
12. Immediately he opened his mouth he started complaining about everything. (Barely ...
before ...)

Exercise 4 - Complete the sentences below with the words in brackets in the correct tense and the
right order.
1. Not until June 15 (we/can/accept)… applications for next year.
2. Never before that day (she/have/witnessed) … such violence.
3. Hardly (the match/have/start) … when the game was interrupted.
4. Not only (the girl/be/hungry) …, she was also very tired.
5. Little (I/do/imagine) … that it was the last time I would see him.
6. Only later ((he/do/understand) … why his wife was so upset.
7. (He/have/know) … it would take so long he would not have started.
8. No sooner (her name/be/announce) … than the crowd started to cheer.
9. At no time (the salesman/do/say) … that the price would increase.
10. In no way (he/can/be/hold) … responsible for the damage.

Exercise 5 - Make a new sentence beginning with the word(s) in brackets

1. I had hardly begun to apologize when the door closed. (Hardly ...)

2. I have seldom heard such a talented singer. (Seldom ...)

3. If John had known that she liked curry, he would have brought her to an Indian restaurant.
(Had ...)

4. The artist rarely paid attention to his agent's advice. (Rarely ...)

5. He had never felt so depressed. (Never ...)

6. The shop can in no way be held responsible for customers' lost property. (In no way ...)

7. The couple had no sooner arrived than the priest started the ceremony. (No sooner ...)

8. Tom only realized the meaning of the comment when he saw his wife's face. (Only ...)

9. She never at any time said that she was allergic to cats. (Never ...)

10. The restaurant cannot accept animals under any circumstances. (Under ...)
 INVERSION
~ follow up ~
1. Rephrase
1. I have never before been asked to accept a bribe.
Never before
2. He had hardly left the house when the storm broke.
Hardly
3. As soon as he had left the house the storm broke.
No sooner
4. This switch must not be touched on any account.
On no account
5. She rarely has any money to spare.
Rarely
6. He hardly speaks to anyone.
Hardly
7. The nation has seldom been faced with such difficulties.
Seldom
8. They had hardly started playing tennis when it began to rain.
Hardly
9. A father has seldom sacrificed so much for his child.
Seldom
10. You may not return after midnight on any account.
On no account
11. He would not give up writing his satires under any circumstances.
Under no circumstances
12. He realized the danger he had been in only after he had read the newspaper the following morning.
Only after
13. They were not able to assess the damage until the floods had subsided.
Not until
14. He only stays in bed if he is seriously ill.
Only if
15. We only then realized how much he had suffered.
Only then
16. He was only able to do the exercise with a great deal of effort.
Only
17. He didn’t manage to get permission until she had calmed down.
Not until
18. No director has made such an intellectually challenging sci-fi movie since Kubrick’s2001.
Not since
19. He became so suspicious that he didn’t even trust his family.
So suspicious
20. He was so anxious to start a new life that he actually changed his name.
So anxious
21. He could only make himself heard by shouting at the top of his voice.
Only by
22. He laughed so much that tears rolled down his cheeks.
So much
23. Her business was so successful that Marie was able to retire at the age of 50.
So successful
24. If you were less than delighted with our product, we will refund your money immediately.
Were
25. If you were to accept our offer, we could avoid the costs of a court case.
Were
26. If the builders were to finish their work to schedule, they would receive a bonus.
Were
27. If the tickets should fail to arrive before the departure date, we would arrange to have duplicates
waiting at the airport.
Should
28. If the film had been released in the summer, it would not have been so successful.
Had
29. He had no money and his sister didn’t have any either.
He had no money, neither / nor
30. They have no intention of paying and we don’t either.
They have no intention of paying and nor / neither
31. I couldn’t face my father and Jane couldn’t either.
I couldn’t face my father and neither / nor
32. Tom came in.
In
33. Two large dogs jumped up.
Up
34. Half a dozen apples fell down.
Down
35. The body of our late lamented sovereign lies here.
Here
36. As soon as Springsteen had gone on stage, it started to rain.
No sooner
37. We only very rarely go to the cinema these days.
Only very rarely
38. I have never seen such a terrible performance of Hamlet before.
Never before
39. Bags must not be left unattended at any time.
At no time
40. The identity of the murderer is not revealed until the very last page.
Not until
41. They only realized the painting had been hung upside down when someone complained at reception.
Only when
42. He would never play in front of a live audience again
Never again
43. She had hardly sat down to watch her favourite programme when the phone rang.
Hardly
44. You will not be allowed to enter the auditorium under any circumstances once the play has started.
Under
45. We not only went to the National Gallery, but we also saw a West End musical.
Not
46. John had not enjoyed himself so much since he went to the theme park as a child.
Not

2. Choose the most appropriate answer with inverted word order.

1. There that he will agree to your plan.
A hope is little B is hope little C is little hope D little hope is

2. The view of the canyon was breathtaking. Never before such beauty.
A had seen we B had we seen C we had seen D we hadn't seen

3. . See you tomorrow!

A Comes here my bus B Here comes my bus D Here my bus comes E My bus comes here

4. We will probably go shopping in the afternoon. – . Why don't we go shopping together?

A I will so B So I will C So will I D Will so I

5. the truth, he wouldn't have invited them.

A Had known he B Had he known C He had known D Known he had

6. She should have helped them. She wasn't busy at that time. – . Why didn't you help them?
A Neither were you B Neither you were C Were you neither D You were neither

7. No sooner the receiver than the telephone began to ring again.

A down had I put B down had put I C had I put down D I had put down

8. Can you give me a pen, please? – Sure. .

A Here is it B Here it is C Is it here D It is here

9. so busy, we would go there with you.

A Were we not B Weren't we C We were not D We weren't

10. Not only my car poorly, but they also overcharged me.
A did they repair B repair they did C they did repair D they didn't repair

3. Arrange the following words. Mind the inversion rule!

1. the they a when begun scored had game Hardly goal.
2. have disappointing such a ending. read Never I
3. had than cry. started she to film sooner began No the
4. the change. left he atmosphere until Not did
5. he understand parents. up did grew Only when he his
6. Rarely such food. I tasted delicious have
7. than to sooner had left began we it No rain.
8. police her. he calling Only contacted stop did when she the
 'Key' Word Transformation
1) Comparative/Superlative Structures like so/such .., er/as ... as or too/enough often appear in this
exercise.

For Questions 1-8, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
sentence using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five
words.

1. The food was so good we had to leave a tip.

SUCH
It ........................................... we had to leave a tip.
2. The computer was too expensive for me to buy.
ENOUGH
I ........................................... money to buy the computer.
3. It's the most beautiful painting I've ever seen.
SEEN
I ............................................ beautiful painting.
4. This summer has been much cooler than last year.
COOL
Last summer .................................. this year.
5. I'm not as good at maths as you.
BETTER
You ......................................... me.
6. The course wasn't as easy as I'd expected.
MORE
The course ........................................ I'd expected.
7. This car isn't safe enough to drive.
DANGEROUS
This car ........................................ drive.
8. This exercise is easier than the last one.
HARD
This exercise ....................................... the last one.

2) Passive/Active
1. The examiner tells candidates the regulations at the beginning of the exam.
TOLD
At the beginning of the exam candidates .................................... the regulations.
2. Did we send that letter to Mr Thomas?
WAS
Do you know if ........................................ to Mr Thomas?
3. We haven't arranged a date for the wedding yet.
BEEN
A date for the wedding .............................................. yet.
4. They will have given him the news by now.
TOLD
He .............................................. the news by now.
5. Experts estimate that most people now have access to the Internet.
IS
.................................................. most people now have access to the Internet.
6. The garage on the corner usually repairs my car.
HAVE
I ................................................... by the garage on the corner.
7. Steve definitely didn't write that essay.
WRITTEN
That essay ..................................................... by Steve.
8. The police have cancelled the demonstration.
HAS
The demonstration ....................................................... by the police.

3) Direct and Indirect Speech

1. 'What do you think of the college?'
ASKED
She ......................................... of the college.
2. 'I'll call you later tonight,' Keith promised.
WOULD
Keith promised that ................................................ night.
3. 'I didn't break the window,' said the boy.
DENIED
The boy ..................................................... the window
4. 'Why don't you come this evening?'
SUGGESTED
She ........................................................ that evening.
5. 'You look really tired,' he told her.
SAID
He ....................................................... really tired.
6. 'You must do your homework tonight.' the teacher said.
TOLD
The teacher ...................................................... my homework.
7. 'What's your name?' he asked.
KNOW
He ........................................................ what my name was.
8. 'I might be late for.' he told me.
INFORMED
He ........................................................ might be late.

4) Auxiliary Verbs
1. I went to the office then remembered it was my day off.
HAVE
I ............................................... to the office as it was my day off.
2. Perhaps we missed the correct turning.
MIGHT
We ............................................... the correct turning.
3. I'm afraid you can't smoke in here.
ALLOWED
You ............................................... in here.
4. They will expect you to wear a suit for the interview.
HAVE
You ................................................ a suit for the interview.
5. I'd see a doctor if I were you.
OUGHT
You .................................................. a doctor.
6. He couldn't swim until he was in his twenties.
ABLE
He ................................................. until he was in his twenties.
7. We got a table at the restaurant without a reservation.
NEED
We ................................................ book a table at the restaurant.
8. You were expected to answer all the questions on the exam paper.
ANSWERED
You ............................................... all the questions on the examination paper.

5) Conditionals
1. I only told you because I thought you would be interested.
TOLD
I ................................................. you if I thought you weren't interested.
2. I won't organise the party unless you arrange the food.
LONG
I'll organise the party ....................................................... arrange the food.
3. I think it would be a good idea to speak to the manager first.
WERE
If ......................................................... speak to the manager first.
4. If you do the washing up I'll make the coffee.
PROVIDED
I'll make the coffee .......................................................... the washing up.
5. You’re tired because you keep staying up late.
WERE
If ............................................................. to bed earlier, you wouldn't be so tired.
6. You never enter competitions so you'll never win anything.
MIGHT
If you entered competions ...................................................... something.
7. The reason I haven't got much money is because they didn't give me promotion.
POOR
If they had given me promotion I ............................................................... now.

8. I've been so happy since I met you.

MIGHT
I ................................................................ so happy if I hadn't met you.

6) 'Unreal' Pasts
1. I'd love to know how John is getting on.
KNEW
I ................................................. how John was getting on.
2. You should take an umbrella with you.
BETTER
You ................................................ an umbrella with you.
3. I think taxes should be increased.
TIME
It .................................................. increased
4. He behaves like the President of the company.
THOUGH
He acts ....................................................... the President of the company.
5. I regret not inviting Cathy to the party.
ONLY
If ................................................... Cathy
6. I'd prefer you to get home early tonight.
RATHER
I .................................................... home early tonight.
7. It's a pity the car is so expensive.
WISH
I .................................................... so expensive.
8. It will be better for you to come alone.
SOONER
I would ...................................................... on your own.

7) Verb Patterns
1. It's really important that you pay the bill today.
REMEMBER
You must ................................................ the bill today.
2. I think it would be a good idea if you joined the beginner's class.
SUGGEST
I .................................................... the beginners class.
3. Meeting John in town was really surprising.
EXPECT
I ..................................................... John in town.
4. In the future she became a successful business woman.
WENT
She ................................................... a successful business woman.
5. I'll help you with your homework.
MIND
I ...................................................... you with your homework.
6. I hated driving on the left at first but now it's OK.
USED
I ....................................................... on the left now.
7. Don't bother to apply for the job.
POINT
There ......................................................... for the job.
8. Were you successful in passing the exam?
MANAGE
Did ............................................................ the exam?

8 Phrasal Verbs

1. I'm really excited about the holiday.

LOOKING
I ............................................ the holiday.
2. The bomb exploded early this morning
OFF
The bomb ............................................ early this morning.
3. Why don't you start doing a sport?
TAKE
Have you thought about ..................................................... a sport?
4. His parents raised him very strictly.
UP
His parents ................................................... very strictly.
5. They've cancelled the wedding.
OFF
They have ....................................................... the wedding.
6. I don't think they should abolish military service.
AWAY
They shouldn't ....................................................... military service.
7. I've got to reduce the amount of sweets I eat.
DOWN
I must ............................................................. the number of sweets I eat.
8. My host family will let you stay with us.
UP
My host family will .......................................................... .

9) Practice
1. (Passive + phrasal verb)
Thieves have burgled our house.
INTO
Our house .................................................
2. (Passive + change from adjective to noun)
Businesses are said to be worried about interest rates.
CONCERN
There ................................................ amongst businesses about interest rates.
3. (Reported speech + verb change)
'I don't share your views on capital punishment' he said.
AGREE
He told me ................................................ my views on capital punishment.
4. (Passive to active + phrasal verb)
Loans must be repayed in full.
BACK
You ......................................................... all the money.
5. (Preposition x 2)
There have been more redundancies this year than before.
NUMBER
There has been a rise ........................................................... redundancies this year.
6. (Noun to verb + verb change)
I'm sorry but you must not smoke here.
FORBIDDEN
I'm afraid ..... here.
7. (Verb change + verb form)
I don't think it's a good idea to get married too early.
IN
I don't ............................................... too early.
8. (Verb change + verb form)
Did you manage to convince him?
IN
Did you .................................................... him?
 ASSIGNMENT
For the questions given, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five
words, including the word given. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Example:
0 They published this book in England.
came
This book …..came from…. England.
1.- Can you understand what this paper means?
sense
Can you …………………………… this paper?
2.- It wasn’t necessary to meet me at the airport yesterday.
needn’t
You ……………………… me at the airport yesterday.
3.-It was unkind of you to talk to her like that.
not
You ……………………………… to her like that.
4.-I saw the film although I strongly dislike thrillers.
spite
I saw the film in …………………… of thrillers.
5.-It’s not possible to play tennis because of the rain.
makes
The rain ………………………………. to play tennis.
6.-I’ve never tasted such good food before.
ever
It is the ………………….. tasted.
7.-Do your parents allow you to watch TV late at night?
let
Do your parents ……………………. TV late at night?
8.-“Did you write a note for Anna?” I asked my mother.
she
I asked my mother ………………………. a note for Anna.
9.-He gave me the money first, and then he left.
after
He left …………………………………….. the money.
10.-I don’t find it difficult to get up early any more.
used
I ………………………………………. up early.
11 He really likes correcting her English.
pleasure
He ……………………….. correcting her English.
12 It’s not necessary to take a lot of luggage when going on holiday.
much
You ……………………… luggage when going on holiday.
13 Perhaps he hasn’t received the doctor’s results yet.
may
He …………………….. the doctor’s results yet.
14 All I want you to do is to look after my dog.
care
All I want you to do is to ………………….. my dog.
15 She was not certain about the trip.
decide
She …………………………….. about the trip.
16 He locked the gate so that the dog wouldn’t escape.
prevent
He locked the gate …………………….. escaping.
17 They did not like to pay extra taxes.
objected
They ……………………………………………. extra taxes.
18 The day was so nice that we went on a picnic.
such
It was ………………………. that we went on a picnic.
19 The only person I didn’t see was Jane.
except
I …………………………………………….. Jane.
20 She decided to visit her friend and tell her the news.
drop
She decided to ………………… her friend and tell her the news.
21 We have to reduce our expenses.
cut
We have to ………………………………………….. our expenses.
22 “Can you please explain this to me?” she asked the teacher.
if
She asked the teacher …………………………………… to her.
23 Perhaps he’s working late.
may
He ………………………………………. late.
24 Nobody ever told me about it.
never
I ………………………………………………. about it.
25 “I’ll pick him up from the airport,” she said.
offered
She …………………….. from the airport.
26 I was so shocked that I couldn’t react.
wasn’t
I …………………………………………………………………… react.
27 People say Greek is a difficult language to learn.
said
Greek …………………………. difficult language to learn.
28 The police have investigated the crime.
by
The crime ………………………………………………………… the police.
29 Without your help, I would never have managed.
you
If ………………………………………. , I would never have managed.
30 The manager made the employees stay late.
made
The employees …………………………… by the manager.
31 He knows everything about flowers.
expert
He ……………………………… flowers.
32 If you are not old enough you cannot watch certain films.
age
If you ……………………………….. you cannot watch certain films.
33 I regret that I gave him the money.
lent
If only …………………………………………. him the money.
34 It was such a boring movie that we left.
so
The movie ………………………………………….. that we left.
35 People say that the pyramids are worth visiting.
supposed
The pyramids ………………………………………. worth visiting.
36 John cannot possibly borrow the car tonight.
question
It’s …………………………… for John to borrow the car tonight.
37 Could I continue what I was doing?
get
Could I …………………………… what I was doing?
38 Mary is slower at doing things than Jill.
fast
Mary is …………………………….. Jill at doing things.
39 I can’t make up my mind about the colour.
decide
I …………………………………….. the colour.
40 There are times when you have to do things by yourself.
own
There are times when you have to do things ……………….
41 You were late, so you missed the match.
wouldn’t
If you hadn’t ……………………………………….. missed the match.
42 I am sorry I forgot your birthday.
wish
I ………………………………………………. your birthday.
43 The burglar managed to escape without punishment.
get
The burglar managed to ……………. punishment.
44 He failed the test because he did not study enough.
attributed
His failure in the test ………………….. not studying enough.
45 I wonder if you can lend me something to wear tonight.
mind
Would ………………….. something to wear tonight?
46 We can’t decide where to go on holidays.
decision
We can’t ……………………. where to go on holidays.
47 Can you take me to the station by car?
give
Can you …………………………………. to the station?
48 You will miss the bus if you don’t hurry up.
unless
You will miss the bus ……………………………………………………….
49 It is likely that they have already left.
may
They …………………….. left.
50 How much is the bus fare from London to Cambridge?
cost
How much ………………. from London to Cambridge by bus?
51 Sally has not come to school because she has been sick.
absent
Sally …………………………. school because she has been sick.
52 It is often difficult to find an answer to a problem.
solution
Finding ……………………………… a problem is often difficult.
53 I was lucky you let me stay with you for the night.
put
I was lucky you …………………………………. for the night.
54 I advised him to stop smoking.
suggested
I …………………………….. stop smoking.
55 They are going to do up my room.
have
I’m going ……………………………. decorated.
56 Jane doesn’t often see Mike.
seldom
Jane ……………………………. Mike.
57 I can understand this quite well
easy
It’s ……………………………………….. understand this.
58 My mother doesn’t like us to stay out late.
approve
My mother doesn’t ……………………………… out late.
59 Mary is employed by IBM, isn’t she?
works
Mary ……………………………………… she?
60 They could not understand what she said.
difficulty
They ……………………………………. what she said.
 OPEN CLOZE
Beijing
Beijing is China's centre for politics, education, culture and trade. It's situated ______ northern China,
close to the port city of Tianjin. It has ______ancient past, but also boasts a wealth of modern
developments, and is ______ of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. About 145 million
tourists visit Beijing ______ year. Beijing has ______ the capital of China ______ over 850 years,
but ______ history dates back more than 3000 years. Beijing is also known ______ "Peking".
Beijing's ______ famous attraction is the Great Wall. As the saying ______ , one who fails to reach the
Great Wall is not a true hero. The Great Wall of China is a series ______ stone and earthen
fortifications ______ was built and rebuilt between the 5th-16th centuries BC. It ______ constructed to
protect the northern borders from attacks by the Xiongnu, ______ various successive dynasties.
______ the centre of Beijing you will find the Forbidden City. Home to the emperors of the Ming and
Qing dynasties, the Forbidden City houses the largest palace complex in the world. It also contains the
Palace Museum with imperial collections of Chinese art.
The city has hosted many internationally acclaimed sporting events. In 2008, the summer Olympics and
Paralympics ______ held in Beijing. Other competitions include figure skating, badminton, snooker and
marathons.
In the early 21st century, Beijing ______ witnessed enormous growth, ______ the construction of new
buildings showcasing various contemporary styles from international designers. A mixture of both
traditional and modern styles of architecture can ______ seen at the 798 Art Zone.
Education in England
In England, the education system is separated ________ four different types. "Early years" education is
for children aged 3-4. From 4-11 years, children________ in "primary" education and from 11-18 they are
in "secondary education". "Tertiary" education is ________ anyone over the age of eighteen. This is also
sometimes called "higher" education. Full time education is compulsory ________ the ages of 5-17, and
the school leaving age________ increased to 18 years in the year 2015.
The state pays for children's education during the compulsory period, but fees need to be ________ for
early years schooling and higher education. The education system is organised by the Department for
Education. In each city or town, local education authorities (LEAs) are
responsible ________ implementing the government's policy ________ education, curriculum and
education spending.
In England, most undergraduate degree courses ________ for three years, (although when the subject is a
language, the course often includes ________ extra year spent abroad). Tuition fees for English
universities are around £9000 ________ academic year for students from the EU. Non-EU students can
expect to pay considerably more.
There ________ a lot of debate and criticism in the UK at the moment regarding the education system.
Many people think that education standards ________ fallen for many years, and that the government
makes ________ many changes to the system. Schools are required to show that their students' results
improve every year, ________ is unrealistic. ________ order to achieve this, exams have become easier
each year, so that the results appear to have improved where actually they have not. In a recent survey,
it________ found that around 50% of universities ________ not believe that the A grades that are now
awarded ________ secondary schools prove that the students are of a high ________ standard to begin a
degree course. Several universities now ask applicants to________ an entrance exam in addition to their
school exams.
Glass Blowing
The art _____ blowing glass goes back many thousands of years. The earliest evidence we have
dates _____ to the 1st century BC, _____ several broken fragments of glass were found in a pile of trash
outside a glass shop in the Old City of Jerusalem._____ most glass is now produced in factories, glass-
blowers can still be found across the globe, still using the traditional techniques that they have used for
centuries.
The glass-blower works _____ a bench, where he sits to work and keeps his tools within _____ reach.
Glass-blowers use a furnace which has three chambers _____ are different temperatures. The first
(hottest) chamber is used to create the glass, and its temperature is around 1,320°C. The second chamber
is sometimes called "the glory hole", and this reduces the glass to _____ cooler temperature so that the
glass-blower can work it into the shapes he wants. The final chamber is _____ coldest one, and is used to
slowly cool the glass down, sometimes for several days. Cooling the glass slowly prevents
it _____ cracking.
The artisan uses a blowpipe, which is first pre-heated, _____ dipped into molten glass. The glass on the
blowpipe is then rolled over a flat slab, made of marble or steel. Then air is blown _____ the glass,
making a bubble. The glass-blower can then shape the bubble, add more glass onto it, and apply patterns
and colours. An example of an advanced glass-blowing technique is the "reticello", in which the glass-
blower uses two glass bubbles which are twisted in different directions, and then joined _____.
The Great Fire of London
On the night of Sunday September 2nd 1666 a terrible fire started _______ the most ancient part of
England's capital, London. At _______ bakery of Thomas Farriner on Pudding Lane, the fire
broke _______ in the middle of the night, and was fanned_______ winds on to nearby buildings, most
of _______ were wooden structures. Houses in the area were built very close together, making it
easy _______ the flames to leap across into neighbouring buildings. By the following morning the fire
had spread northwards at a terrifying speed and _______ destroyed much of the medieval part of the city.
The mayor, Sir Thomas Bloodworth, acted slowly. Unsure_______ the best action to take, he took none,
and the fire swept across the city destroying everything in _______ path. Londoners panicked, and there
was much violence and rioting in the streets, _______ the locals suspected that foreigners
may _______ started the fire deliberately. The fire burned across the city _______ three days. On the 5th
September, the winds died _______ and it became easier to tackle the fire.
It _______ thought that more _______ 13 thousand houses were burnt down, as well _______ 87
churches. Saint Paul's Cathedral was devastated. At the time, surprisingly, only six
people _______ confirmed dead. Modern historians think that several hundreds more might have died
however, but detailed census records were not kept for poor people _______ in the 17th century.
After such enormous destruction in the economic and social capital of the country, it
is _______ surprising that it took a long time for London to recover from the Great Fire. A large part of
the town had to _______ rebuilt of course, and several radical proposals were put _______. In the end
though, the city was rebuilt on more or _______ the same street plan that had been used before the Great
Fire.

Use of English Mulitple Choice - Snow White

Read through the whole text first to get an idea of what this multiple choice cloze exercise is about
Choose the best word (a, b, c or d) to complete each gap.
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Snow White _________ in children's fairy tales across
acts appears shows reads
the whole of Europe.
The most famous version of the Snow White tale is that
written by the Brothers Grimm, a pair of German
academics who published books on folklore in the early into onto to on
19th century, and which was made _________ an
animated movie by Disney in 1937.
Snow White's appearance is very distinctive - she has jet
black hair, full ruby-red lips and skin as white as snow.
getting
She is always _________ in blue, with a long yellow wearing have on dressed
dressed
skirt with red and blue striped sleeves, and a white
collar. She wears a red bow in her hair.
She is a sweet and innocent young girl, but is also a
motherly mother motherish mothersome
kind, _________ character.
Disney's Snow White was drawn by Hamilton Luske,
intended able wanted interested
and was _________ to be as life-like as possible.
A pioneering film technique of the time was the use of
live-action footage as a reference point for the
animators. Marjorie Celeste Belcher, a young dancer, according related copied based
provided the motions as a live-action model, then the
animation was drawn_________ on her moves.
The end result was a very _________ animation. perfect amazing convincing spectacular
The girl who provided Snow White's voice in the 1937
production was hired almost by _________, as she was
overheard singing during an assistant's telephone call. purpose accident luck fate
Adriana Cazelotti received only $970 for providing the
silky voice of Snow White.
Disney earned $8 million from the
original _________ of Snow White and the Seven releasing released releasement release
Dwarves.
It has remained popular over the decades, and has been
seeing regarding watching viewing
digitally remastered for home _________ on DVD.
Spin-offs include a Snow White Theme Park, a video
game and a Broadway musical, as well numerous numberous numerical numbering
as _________ toys, games and other branded products.

Word Formation Exercise - The Panama Canal

In this exercise, one word has been removed from each line of the text. The root of the word is given in
capital letters at the end of each line. Change the root word into the correct form to complete each line.
Read the whole text first so that you know what it's about.
In the Central American country of Panama there is a canal which connects the Atlantic
BUILD
and Pacific Oceans - the Panama Canal.________
a canal to link these two bodies of water was first attempted in the late 19th century by
SUCCESS
French engineers. They did not ________
because they ________ how difficult the project would be to complete. The conditions
ESTIMATE
were terrible - for example, the mountains in
the area were very ________. When the construction workers tried to cut into the
SAFE
mountainside, they caused fatal landslides. Also, the land was
frequently soaked with ________ tropical rains, and malaria from the huge number of
TORRENT
mosquitoes in the countryside was a constant threat. It
is ________ that around 22,000 people, mostly men, lost their lives during the French
THINK
attempt to build the canal, and eventually after about
eight years of struggle, the ________ company went bankrupt. In the early 20th
CONSTRUCT
century, America bought the contract to continue
the ________ of the canal, and it was finally finished in 1914. The total cost to America
DEVELOP
was around $375,000,000 (which is about
$8,600,000,000 today). The canal is extremely busy all year round. Nearly a million
ANNUAL
ships navigate through the canal ________. Using
the canal cuts ________ 15,000 km off a journey, compared with going the long way
APPROXIMATE
round, (around South America).

Word Formation Exercise - The Vero Centre

One of the most famous skyscrapers in New Zealand is The Vero Centre, situated in
CONSTRUCT
Auckland and constructed in
the year 2000. Inside the building you can find a health club and gym, shops and other
INCLUDE
retail outlets, ________
32 stories of offices. The Vero Centre is not only one of New
TALL
Zealand’s ________ structures, but also one of its most
technologically and ecologically advanced. It is located in Auckland's
PRESTIGE
most ________ legal and financial street but
is also only a short distance away from the heart of the city centre. Despite its
HIGH
immense ________, the tower is
regarded as having had a positive effect on the ________ of eastern Auckland. Before
GENERATE
the tower's construction,
the area had mostly consisted of low quality or aesthetically________ buildings, such
PLEASE
as low-grade student housing,
________ warehouses and run-down shops. The local government offered the designers
INDUSTRY
incentives to build the tower.
In exchange for ________ to exhibit local art-work in the public lobby, for example, the
AGREE
developers were granted
permission to build on a ________ area than would normally have been allowed. Not
LARGE
everybody agreed with this strategy,
however. The building has received ________ awards for energy efficiency, design and
NUMBER
construction. Experts claim
that it uses ________ 10% less energy than the average council building in New
APPROXIMATE
Zealand.