Iamhai Report of Balanced Cantilever Bridge
Iamhai Report of Balanced Cantilever Bridge
Iamhai Report of Balanced Cantilever Bridge
Contents
I. INPUT DATA ..................................................................................... 4
1. Introduction ............................................................................................ 8
2. Superstructure ........................................................................................ 8
3. Substructure ............................................................................................ 9
4. Cross-section ......................................................................................... 10
11. Calculate and Arrange prestressed steel for main girder .................. 42
11.3. Calculate and arrange prestressed and reinforced steel for mid-span section 45
11.5. Calculate and arrange prestressed and reinforced steel for section at top of pier 51
11.6. Calculate and arrange prestressed and reinforced steel for negative moment 55
11.7. Calculate and arrange prestressed and reinforced steel for negative moment 58
12.1. Checking the flexural resistance of sections for negative moment ................ 63
12.2. Checking the flexural resistance of sections for positive moment .................. 79
12.4. Calculate and check the shear resistance of main girder .............................. 83
I 80 50 10
II 60 40 9
III 50 30 7
6 (desirable)
IV 40 25
5 (minimum)
V 25 20 3.5
VI 15 10 2.5
5
1
4. Cross-section
- Width of top slab of box girder = t0 = 16.0m
4.1. Top Slab
- Thickness of top slab
At the middle: h b = ÷ t 0 1
1 1 1
= ÷ 1650 = 41.25 ÷ 66 (cm) 25 cm
40 25 40 25
→ Choose thickness of top slab at the middle = hb = 450 mm
At the web: h c = ÷ t 0 1 1
1 1
= ÷ 1600 = 106.67 ÷ 133.33 (cm)
15 12 15 12
→ Choose thickness of top slab at the web = hc = 1150 mm
- Thickness of overhang of top slab = tc = 250 mm
4.2. Bottom Slab
- Thickness of bottom slab
At pier: hd = thickness of bottom slab ≥ 500 mm, choose hd0 = 800 mm
At middle span: hd = thickness of bottom slab ≥ 250 mm, choose hdm =
300 mm
- Width of bottom slab
At pier: bd0 = 5900 mm
At middle span: bdm = 7470 mm
4.3. Box Wall
- With K = the number of segments in each side ≥ 7, we usually use the inclined
wall of box with slope in range of 1/7 ÷ 1/10.
- Thickness of box wall is usually in range of 350 ÷ 700 (mm), choose w = 550
mm.
Supervisor: Ass,Prof. Nguyen Duy Tien Page 10
CONCRETE BRIDGE ALTERNATIVES ATP 55 - GROUP 6
5. Segment Arrangement
- The segments of bridge are arranged depending on the capacity of form
traveler.
- By the balanced cantilever condition, we have:
Length of closure for both side spans and main span are similar.
Kc = Length of closure, in the range of 1.5 ÷ 2.0 (m) = 2m
l0 = Length of segment constructed on form traveler = 12m
K0 = Segment at pier = 12m
6short segments from K1 to K6, and the length of each segment is 2.5m.
6medium segments from K7 to K12, and the length of each segment is 3.0m.
5 medium segments from K13 to K17, and the length of each segment is
4.0m.
2m
Segment arragement
14m 5x4m 6x3m 6x2.5m 12m 6x2.5m 6x3m 5x4m 1m
hl 1
hl 2
k 16
k 15
k 14
k 13
k 12
k 12
k 11
k 10
k 10
k 11
k 12
k 13
k 14
k 15
k 16
k 17
k 17
k9
k8
k7
k6
k5
k4
k3
k2
k1
k1
k2
k3
k4
k5
k6
k7
k8
k9
k0
s 10'
s 11'
s 12'
s 13'
s 14'
s 15'
s 16'
s 17'
s 18'
s 19'
s 19
s 18
s 17
s 16
s 15
s 14
s 13
s 12
s 11
s 10
s 1'
s 2'
s 3'
s 4'
s 5'
s 6'
s 7'
s 8'
s 9'
s1
s9
s8
s7
S6
s5
s4
s3
s2
s1
s0
Cross-
x(m) y1(m) y2(m) y3(m) HX(m) Bx(m)
section
1
Sx (x i x i 12 ).(y i y i . y i 1 y 2i 1)
6
- Inertial moment of cross-section according to neutral axis
Jth= Jx - y 2c . f
Cross- Location
h (m) td (m) B (m) htf (m) btf (m) hbf (m) bbf (m) hw (m) tw (m)
section X
Cross-
Location X A (m2) SX (m3) Ybb (m) Ytb (m) JTH (m4)
section
K0 0 20.852 72.573 3.480 3.020 126.851
K0' 4.5 19.531 62.611 3.206 2.693 98.634
K1 7 19.531 59.821 3.063 2.522 86.569
K2 9.5 18.836 55.112 2.926 2.362 74.990
K3 12 18.171 50.780 2.795 2.210 64.910
K4 14.5 17.534 46.805 2.669 2.068 56.165
K5 17 16.928 43.174 2.551 1.934 48.592
K6 19.5 16.352 39.860 2.438 1.809 42.065
K7 22.5 15.806 36.503 2.309 1.673 35.506
K8 25.5 15.194 33.293 2.191 1.548 29.996
K9 28.5 14.627 30.466 2.083 1.435 25.448
ts
Dw
tw Hb
tb
bb
Thickness
No. Layers γa (kN/m3) P (kN/m2)
(m)
1 Asphalt concrete layer 0.12 23 2.76
2 Waterproofing layer 0.04 15 0.06
Total 0.124 2.82
Loads:
Self-weight of segments (DC)
Distributed construction load (TC)
Load of form traveler and formwork (XD)
Load of concrete of final segment (K17)
Internal force
Table 6. Negative Moment at the top of pier during construction of balance cantilever
segments
With:
Li (m) = Length of segment Ki
ai(m) = lever arm calculated from centroid of segment Ki to section
atpier top
tc
DCKi (kN/m) = Factored Distribution Dead Load of segment Ki
tc
Q Ki (kN/m) = Distributed Construction Load
Pxd (kN) = Load of form traveler and formwork
1 1
2PHL 2 P PXD
XD Mxd
Loads:
Self-weight of segments (DC)
Distribution construction load (TC)
Load of form traveler and formwork (XD)
½ Load of concrete of closure segment
Internal force
qbt
Loads:
Self-weight of segments (DC)
Distribution construction load (TC)
½ Load of (form traveler and formwork) (XD)
½ Load of closure segment
Moment diagram in construction stage of clousure segment
dg h l k 17 k 16 k 15 k 14 k 13 k 12 k 11 k 10 k 9 k 8 k 8 k 9 k 10 k 11 k 12 k 13 k 14 k 15 k 16 k 17 h l
k7 k6 k5 k4 k5 k6 k7
k3 k2 k1 k1 k2 k3 k4
k0
Table 10. Internal forces of cross-section along Mid-span in construction stage of closure
segment
1/2PXD 1/2PXD
qtc
Loads:
Upward side of Distributed construction load
Upward side of Load of (form traveler and formwork)
Moment diagram in Unassembled construction of constructed load
dg h l k 17 k 16 k 15 k 14 k 13 k 12 k 11 k 10 k 9 k 8 k 8 k 9 k 10 k 11 k 12 k 13 k 14 k 15 k 16 k 17 h l
k7 k6 k5 k4 k5 k6 k7
k3 k2 k1 k1 k2 k3 k4
k0
S19'
Loads:
Dead Load II
Moment diagram in Construction the wearing surface
dg h l k 17 k 16 k 15 k 14 k 13 k 12 k 11 k 10 k 9 k 8 k 8 k 9 k 10 k 11 k 12 k 13 k 14 k 15 k 16 k 17 h l
k7 k6 k5 k4 k5 k6 k7
k3 k2 k1 k1 k2 k3 k4
k0
S19'
Table 13. Internal forces of cross-section along Side-span in Construction the wearing
surface
Table 14. Internal forces of cross-section along Mid-span in Construction the wearing
surface
Table 15. Internal forces of cross-section in Load Combination 1 due to Strength Limit State
I
At Mid-span At Side-span
Cross- Vi (kN) Mi (kN.m) Cross- Vi (kN) Mi (kN.m)
sectio sectio
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
n n
-
-
S0' -4595.14 4339.22 105886.1 19816.4 S20 1156.20 0.00 0.00
3140.86
8
Table 16. Internal forces of cross-section in Load Combination2 due to Strength Limit State
I
At Mid-span At Side-span
Cross- Vi (kN) Mi (kN.m) Cross- Vi (kN) Mi (kN.m)
sectio sectio
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
n n
-
S0' S20
-228.17 3818.98 -95878.18 16993.6 2707.95 1021.77 0.00 0.00
S1' -3760.45 412.73 -75661.75 15021.2 S19 -2290.8 1039.1 -6646.12 15674.65
-
S2' S18
-3642.21 417.01 -68036.21 14455.3 1777.38 1166.52 -15841.09 31139.37
S3' -3524.36 422.75 -60860.97 14049.7 S17 -1574.6 1312.13 -19927.74 35789.82
-
S4' S16
-3407.31 430.05 -54135.41 15169.8 1387.91 1465.28 -24014.4 39154.71
-
S5' S15
-3291.05 438.95 -47849.77 16350 1217.21 1624.7 -28101.04 41301.08
-
S6' S14
-3175.59 449.53 -42001.3 17580.5 1062.05 1789.37 -32187.69 42294.74
S7' -3060.9 461.84 -37435.49 18852.3 S13 -921.64 1958.58 -36274.35 42193.62
S8' -2924.27 498.35 -32731.81 20423.2 S12 -825.51 2088.19 -39339.33 41432.02
S9' -2788.86 546.11 -28517.33 22032.3 S11 -736.75 2219.94 -42404.33 40101.09
S10' -2654.64 598.36 -24785.97 23673.7 S10 -654.9 2353.77 -45469.31 38223.54
S11' -2521.66 655.38 -21538.46 25346.9 S9 -579.52 2489.66 -48534.3 35805.35
Supervisor: Ass,Prof. Nguyen Duy Tien Page 37
CONCRETE BRIDGE ALTERNATIVES ATP 55 - GROUP 6
S12' -2390.01 717.47 -18784.59 27060.1 S8 -510.19 2627.61 -51599.29 32850.1
S13' -2259.8 784.89 -16555.41 28842 S7 -446.51 2767.63 -54796.4 29496.6
S14' -2088.85 883.47 -14949.94 31872.1 S6 -397.51 2885.86 -57934.74 26773.83
S15' -1921.57 992.22 -14316.24 35046.4 S5 -352.02 3005.6 -61515.29 24131.12
S16' -1758.76 1111.23 -13682.53 37385.1 S4 -309.86 3126.82 -65538.61 21569.74
S17' -1601.51 1240.21 -13048.82 38877.8 S3 -270.86 3249.54 -70018.33 19104.28
S18' -1450.98 1378.54 -12415.11 39515.4 S2 -240.31 3373.77 -74977.32 17012.89
S19' -1414.53 1414.47 -12256.8 39537.6 S1 -233.89 3499.52 -80445.63 16646.94
- - - - - 0 -228.17 3818.98 -95878.18 16993.56
Table 17. Internal forces of cross-section in Load Combination 3 due to Strength Limit State
I
At the top of pier
Cross-section Vi (kN) Mi (kN.m)
Min Max Min Max
0-0 left -121157.5 24373.4
0-0 right -121157.5 24373.4
- Exploitation stage
In exploitation stage, 3 load combination, included both dead load and live
load, is established to determine the envelope of internal forces in this
stage.
Load combination 1: γ DC .DC+γ DW .DW+γ HL .HL93K
Load combination 2: γ DC .DC+γ DW .DW+γ HL .HL93M
Load combination 3: γ DC .DC+γ DW .DW+γ HL .HL93S
Table 19. Maximum internal forces in exploitation stage due to Strength Limit State I
At mid-span At side-span
Cross- Vi (kN) Mi (kN.m) Cross- Vi (kN) Mi (kN.m)
section Min Max Min Max section Min Max Min Max
-
S0’ 18244.73 23350.07 -686793.46 S20 -9340.56 -5177.93 0.00 0.00
758623.51
S1’ -24405.77 -21688.81 - -545421.64 S19 -5528.88 -1795.04 20169.19 45988.73
11.3. Calculate and arrange prestressed and reinforced steel for mid-span section
- Determine geometric properties of cross-section
Equivalent dimension from box section to T-section:
Table 22. Equivalent geometry of T-section of mid-span section
tw
DW
Hb
tb
bb
Aps'
As'.fy
0.85.fc'.bt.a
a
a
c
c
tt
Aps'.fps
TTH TTH
dp
Hb
Dw
Mu
tw
Aps
Aps.fps
tb
As As.fy
as
atp
L
bb
Initially, assume that neutral axis goes through the bottom fiber of top
flange; thus, height of compressive concrete area is equal with the
thickness of top flange (= c). Then, the nominal flexural resistance may
be taken as:
t
M n = As .f y . d s -d p - A ,y .f y . d s' -d p + 0,85.f c' .β1.t t .b t . d p - t (*)
2
Compare:
M tt M n Neutral axis goes through the top flange; thus, cross-section
for calculation is rectangular section.
M tt > M n Neutral axis goes through the web; thus, cross-section for
calculation is T-section.
Calculate the required number of prestressed tendons
(MPa)
c f py
f ps = f pu . 1 - k.
with k = 2 x 1.04 -
dp f pu
11.4. Calculate and arrange prestressed and reinforced steel for side-span section
- Determine geometric properties of cross-section
Equivalent dimension from box section to T-section:
Table 24. Equivalent geometry of T-section of side-span section
ts
TTH
Hb
Dw
tw
bb
Aps'
As'.fy
0.85.fc'.bt.a
a
a
c
c
tt
Aps'.fps
TTH TTH
dp
Hb
Dw
Mu
tw
Aps
Aps.fps
tb
As As.fy
as
atp
L
bb
(MPa)
c f py
f ps = f pu . 1 - k.
with k = 2 x 1.04 -
dp f pu
11.5. Calculate and arrange prestressed and reinforced steel for section at top of pier
- Determine geometric properties of cross-section
Equivalent dimension from box section to T-section:
Table 26. Equivalent geometry of T-section of section at top of pier
bs
ts
tw
TTH
Dw
Hb
tb
bb
as'
Aps'
As'.fy
0.85.fc'.bt.a
a
c
c
tt
Aps'.fps
TTH TTH
dp
Hb
Dw
Mu
tw
Aps
Aps.fps
tb
As As.fy
as
atp
L
bb
Initially, assume that neutral axis goes through the bottom fiber of top
flange; thus, height of compressive concrete area is equal with the
thickness of top flange (= c). Then, the nominal flexural resistance may
be taken as:
M n = As .f y . d s -d p - A ,y .f y . d s' -d p + 0,85.f c' .β1.t b .bb . d p - b
t
(*)
2
Compare:
M tt M n Neutral axis goes through the top flange; thus, cross-section
for calculation is rectangular section.
M tt > M n Neutral axis goes through the web; thus, cross-section for
calculation is T-section.
Calculate the required number of prestressed tendons
With rectangular cross-section:
As '.f y + 0.85fc' .bb .a - As .f y
Aps =
f ps
With T cross-section:
As '.f y + 0.85β1.f c' .t b .(bb -t W ) + 0.85f c'.a.t w - As .f y
Aps =
f ps
With:
β1 = stress block factor specified in Article 5.7.2.2 in 22TCN 272-05
fps = average stress in prestressing steel at nominal bending resistance
(MPa)
c f py
f ps = f pu . 1 - k.
with k = 2 x 1.04 -
dp f pu
fiber
= hi – 150 (mm)
h i = height of section i (mm)
Preliminary select the prestressed strands for negative moment
Nominal diameter of prestressed strand = Dps = 15.2mm
Area of cross-section of 1 strand = Aps1 = 141 mm2
Number of strands in 1 tendon = ntao = 25 strands
Area of cross-section of 1 cable = Abo = 3545 mm2
A ps
The required number of cables in section = n ct =
A bo
Table 28. Calculation for arrangement of prestressed steel (PS) for negative moment
Calculated moment The required number PS
The PS
of prestressed cables numbers Area of
required numbers
Cross- arrangin prestresse
Constructio Exploitatio number of anchorin
section Constructio Exploitatio prestresse g in each g in d steel
n stage n stage each (PS)
n stage n stage d cables sections
sections
S0-S0' -880221.86 -997293.13 23.2 26.6 26.6 0 45 158625
S1-S1' -832866.56 -793821.53 24.6 23.3 24.6 3 42 148050
S2-S2' -702438.05 -717744.84 21.7 22.3 22.3 3 39 137475
S3-S3' -635769.41 -646336.57 20.8 21.2 21.2 3 36 126900
S4-S4' -573063.79 -579436.63 19.9 20.1 20.1 3 33 116325
S5-S5' -514191.19 -516897.87 18.8 19.0 19.0 3 30 105750
S6-S6' -459027.35 -458588.26 17.8 17.8 17.8 3 27 95175
S7-S7' -407453.83 -404394.76 16.7 16.5 16.7 3 24 84600
S8-S8' -359358.13 -344631.62 15.7 15.0 15.7 3 21 74025
S9-S9' -306084.66 -289965.93 14.2 13.4 14.2 3 18 63450
11.7. Calculate and arrange prestressed and reinforced steel for positive moment
- Prestressed steel for positive moment is calculated by internal force in
exploitation stage (getting from envelope of internal force in exploitation
stage).
- Determine the required number of prestressed steel in each sections:
Table 29. Calculation for arrangement of prestressed steel for positive moment
Cross- Calculated Required Prestressed Prestressed Area of
section momentMu number of steel steel numbers prestressed steel
(m)
SI0
Y = I = distance from neutral axis I-I to bottom fiber of girder bottom
I
bb
Ag
(m)
YtbI =H-YbbI = distance from neutral axis I-I to top fiber of girder top (m)
I0I =I0 -Aghen . yghen = Static moment of section in construction stage with
2
I
(m)
S0II
YbbII = = distance from neutral axis II-II to top fiber of girder top (m)
A gII
Construction of segment K3
Construction of segment K4
Cross-
dp c a fps Mn Mr Mu Mr/Mu Checking
section
So-So' 6.119 0.48 0.35 1759.1 442351.34 442351.34 100751 4.39 Satisfied
S1-S1' 5.523 0.35 0.26 1758.1 300924.74 300924.74 43098.13 6.98 Satisfied
S2-S2' 5.221 0.23 0.17 1757.7 190960.04 190960.04 26414.35 7.23 Satisfied
S3-S3' 4.950 0.11 0.08 1758.0 91249.29 91249.29 13652.6 6.68 Satisfied
Construction of segment K5
Cross-
dp c a fps Mn Mr Mu Mr/Mu Checking
section
So-So' 6.129 0.60 0.44 1759.2 549885.20 549885.20 128419.8 4.28 Satisfied
S1-S1' 5.534 0.47 0.34 1758.3 398899.82 398899.82 62339.78 6.40 Satisfied
S2-S2' 5.231 0.35 0.25 1757.9 284660.17 284660.17 42151.03 6.75 Satisfied
S3-S3' 4.950 0.23 0.17 1758.0 180946.45 180946.45 25888.02 6.99 Satisfied
S4-S4' 4.667 0.11 0.08 1757.7 85986.50 85986.50 13420.77 6.41 Satisfied
Construction of segment K6
Cross-
dp c a fps Mn Mr Mu Mr/Mu Checking
section
So-So' 6.136 0.72 0.52 1759.3 655739.89 655739.89 158769.5 4.13 Satisfied
S1-S1' 5.540 0.59 0.43 1758.4 495240.11 495240.11 84506.59 5.86 Satisfied
S2-S2' 5.235 0.46 0.34 1758.0 376765.03 376765.03 60914.64 6.19 Satisfied
S3-S3' 4.950 0.34 0.25 1758.0 269091.48 269091.48 41252.17 6.52 Satisfied
S4-S4' 4.667 0.23 0.17 1757.7 170438.13 170438.13 25389.17 6.71 Satisfied
S5-S5' 4.399 0.11 0.08 1757.4 81002.96 81002.96 13201.39 6.14 Satisfied
Construction of segment K7
Cross-
dp c a fps Mn Mr Mu Mr/Mu Checking
section
So-So' 6.140 0.84 0.61 1759.4 759942.85 759942.85 100751 7.54 Satisfied
S1-S1' 5.544 0.70 0.51 1758.5 589971.13 589971.13 43098.13 13.69 Satisfied
S2-S2' 5.238 0.58 0.42 1758.1 467290.75 467290.75 26414.35 17.69 Satisfied
S3-S3' 4.950 0.46 0.33 1758.0 355684.36 355684.36 13652.6 26.05 Satisfied
S4-S4' 4.667 0.34 0.25 1757.7 253354.88 253354.88 13653.6 18.56 Satisfied
S5-S5' 4.399 0.22 0.16 1757.4 160487.99 160487.99 13654.6 11.75 Satisfied
S6-S6' 4.147 0.11 0.08 1757.1 76304.54 76304.54 13655.6 5.59 Satisfied
Construction of segment K8
Cross-
dp c a fps Mn Mr Mu Mr/Mu Checking
section
So-So' 6.143 0.96 0.70 1759.5 862506.40 862506.40 240336.93 3.59 Satisfied
S1-S1' 5.546 0.82 0.60 1758.5 683102.72 683102.72 147502.65 4.63 Satisfied
S2-S2' 5.240 0.70 0.51 1758.1 556242.25 556242.25 116185.3 4.79 Satisfied
S3-S3' 4.950 0.57 0.42 1758.0 440725.12 440725.12 88804.89 4.96 Satisfied
S4-S4' 4.667 0.45 0.33 1757.7 334736.75 334736.75 65231.41 5.13 Satisfied
S5-S5' 4.399 0.34 0.25 1757.4 238455.09 238455.09 45340.59 5.26 Satisfied
S6-S6' 4.147 0.22 0.16 1757.1 151107.68 151107.68 29014 5.21 Satisfied
S7-S7' 4.097 0.11 0.08 1761.5 75571.70 75571.70 16139.14 4.68 Satisfied
Construction of segment K9
Cross-
dp c a fps Mn Mr Mu Mr/Mu Checking
section
So-So' 6.256 4.41 3.22 1761.3 1298572.31 1298572.31 870801.01 1.49 Satisfied
S1-S1' 5.665 4.47 3.26 1760.6 1052057.89 1052057.89 694243.34 1.52 Satisfied
S2-S2' 5.365 4.36 3.18 1760.5 913697.25 913697.25 628085.59 1.45 Satisfied
S3-S3' 5.082 4.08 2.97 1760.7 803746.01 803746.01 565890.86 1.42 Satisfied
S4-S4' 4.809 3.73 2.72 1760.8 706645.92 706645.92 507529.15 1.39 Satisfied
Cross-
dp c a fps Mn Mr Mu Mr/Mu Checking
section
So-So' 6.256 4.41 3.22 1761.26 1298572.31 997293.13 1298572.31 1.302 Satisfied
S1-S1' 5.665 4.47 3.26 1760.62 1052057.89 793821.53 1052057.89 1.325 Satisfied
S2-S2' 5.365 4.36 3.18 1760.47 913697.25 717744.84 913697.25 1.273 Satisfied
S3-S3' 5.082 4.08 2.97 1760.68 803746.01 646336.57 803746.01 1.244 Satisfied
S4-S4' 4.809 3.73 2.72 1760.77 706645.92 579436.63 706645.92 1.220 Satisfied
Supervisor: Ass,Prof. Nguyen Duy Tien Page 78
CONCRETE BRIDGE ALTERNATIVES ATP 55 - GROUP 6
S5-S5' 4.554 3.32 2.42 1760.87 622633.22 516897.87 622633.22 1.205 Satisfied
S6-S6' 4.316 2.85 2.08 1761.13 549355.72 458588.26 549355.72 1.198 Satisfied
S7-S7' 4.097 2.30 1.68 1761.45 485709.13 404394.76 485709.13 1.201 Satisfied
S8-S8' 3.832 0.76 0.55 1761.37 463617.65 344631.62 463617.65 1.345 Satisfied
S9-S9' 3.589 0.64 0.47 1761.25 374923.64 289965.93 374923.64 1.293 Satisfied
S10-S10' 3.367 0.56 0.41 1761.25 314109.07 240106.23 314109.07 1.308 Satisfied
S11-S11' 3.168 0.49 0.35 1761.25 259914.94 196026.95 259914.94 1.326 Satisfied
S12-S12' 2.990 0.41 0.30 1761.25 211558.75 158087.74 211558.75 1.338 Satisfied
S13-S13' 2.834 0.34 0.25 1763.30 168452.79 125081.01 168452.79 1.347 Satisfied
S14-S14' 2.660 0.27 0.19 1761.70 127291.28 89116.39 127291.28 1.428 Satisfied
S15-S15' 2.524 0.20 0.14 1762.06 91387.94 61565.61 91387.94 1.484 Satisfied
S16-S16' 2.427 0.13 0.09 1762.70 59156.53 41292.45 59156.53 1.433 Satisfied
S17-S17' 2.369 0.06 0.05 1763.67 29170.68 28179.12 29170.68 1.035 Satisfied
Cross-
dp c a fps Mn Mr Mu Mr/Mu Checking
section
S14 2.524 0.09 0.068 1858.41 97876.79 97876.79 8638.12 11.33 Satisfied
S15 2.382 0.12 0.091 1858.78 122500.98 122500.98 37212.57 3.29 Satisfied
S16 2.297 0.16 0.114 1858.93 146820.09 146820.09 57158.25 2.57 Satisfied
S17 2.278 0.16 0.114 1858.93 145551.66 145551.66 68520.34 2.12 Satisfied
S18 2.278 0.16 0.114 1858.93 145551.66 145551.66 71374.85 2.04 Satisfied
S16' 2.297 0.156 0.114 1858.93 146820.09 146820.09 17096.84 2.57 Satisfied
S17' 2.278 0.156 0.114 1858.93 145551.66 145551.66 30914.28 2.12 Satisfied
S18' 2.278 0.156 0.114 1858.93 145551.66 145551.66 36709.74 2.04 Satisfied
S19' 2.278 0.156 0.114 1858.93 145551.66 145551.66 36751.13 2.04 Satisfied
Cross-
de (mm) c (mm) c/de Checking
section
So-So' 6.256 4.413 0.705 Not Satisfied
S1-S1' 5.665 4.472 0.789 Not Satisfied
S2-S2' 5.365 4.364 0.813 Not Satisfied
S3-S3' 5.082 4.075 0.802 Not Satisfied
S4-S4' 4.809 3.731 0.776 Not Satisfied
S5-S5' 4.554 3.321 0.729 Not Satisfied
S6-S6' 4.316 2.851 0.660 Not Satisfied
S7-S7' 4.097 2.299 0.561 Not Satisfied
S8-S8' 3.832 0.758 0.198 Satisfied
S9-S9' 3.589 0.642 0.179 Satisfied
S10-S10' 3.367 0.564 0.167 Satisfied
S11-S11' 3.168 0.487 0.154 Satisfied
S12-S12' 2.990 0.413 0.138 Satisfied
S13-S13' 2.834 0.340 0.120 Satisfied
S14-S14' 2.660 0.268 0.101 Satisfied
S15-S15' 2.524 0.198 0.078 Satisfied
S16-S16' 2.427 0.130 0.053 Satisfied
S17-S17' 2.369 0.064 0.027 Satisfied
fr
Cross- IIIg YIItb 1.2Mcr 1.33*Mu Checkin
(kN/m2 Mr (kN.m)
section (m4) (m) (kN.m) (kN.m) g
)
13.83 Satisfied
S14
7 1.723 4226.17 40739.78 11488.71 97876.79
12.08 Satisfied
S15
2 1.649 4226.17 37168.13 49492.72 122500.98
10.91 Satisfied
S16
6 1.595 4226.17 34714.28 76020.48 146820.09
10.24 Satisfied
S17
4 1.564 4226.17 33213.02 91132.05 145551.66
0.72h
Cross-section 0.9de (mm) dv (mm) bv (mm)
(mm)
So-So' 4680 5630 5630 1600
S1-S1' 4247 5099 5099 1600
S2-S2' 4021 4828 4828 1600
S3-S3' 3807 4574 4574 1600
S4-S4' 3603 4328 4328 1600
S5-S5' 3411 4098 4098 1600
S6-S6' 3229 3884 3884 1600
S7-S7' 3058 3687 3687 1600
S8-S8' 2867 3449 3449 1600
S9-S9' 2692 3230 3230 1600
S10-S10' 2533 3031 3031 1600
S11-S11' 2389 2851 2851 1600
S12-S12' 2261 2691 2691 1600
S13-S13' 2148 2551 2551 1600
S14-S14' 2023 2394 2394 1600
S15-S15' 1925 2272 2272 1600
S16-S16' 1856 2185 2185 1600
S17-S17' 1814 2132 2132 1600
Determine θ and β :
htc1
htd
htd
tqd
hgk1
Lqd
tg
hgk2
bgk
Bqd/2
1:n
tdk
bdk adc adc
Hmo
Hmo
650
htc2 Lxm Bxm
1:n ttc
ttt
htt
htt
Bmo
bvtc
htc3
a2 a1 a6 a6
bclc
hm
hm
Lm Bm
a5 a4 a3 a8 a7 a7 a9
Dcoc
- Structure of abutment M0
13.2. Pier
- Structure of piers
hv
Rtr
Htr
Htr
htt
htt
a1 Btt a1 a5 ttt a5
hm
hm
Lm
Bm
a2 a3 a3 a3 a4 a6 a7 a7 a8
Dcoc Dcoc