CHT-203 Momentum Transfer Operations (MTO)

Problem Sheet: 1 Course Coordinator: Dr. Manish Vashishtha

Problems on Physical properties of fluids and Newton’s law of viscosity

Q1. A vertical cylindrical tank of diameter 10 m and depth 5 m contains water at 200C, to the
brim. If the water is heated to 500C, how much water will spill over the edge of the tank?
Specific weight of water at 200C and 500C are respectively, 9.80 kN/m3 and 9.69 kN/m3.

Q2. If the velocity distribution of a fluid over a plate is given by: U = 3/4y-y2 where, U is the
velocity in m/s at a distance of ‘y’ metres above the plate. Determine the shear stress at y =
0.15 m. Take dynamic viscosity of the fluid as 8.34*10-4 Ns/m2.

Q3. The shear stress at a point in oil is 0.25 Pa and the velocity gradient at the point is 0.2 per
second. Find the viscosity of the oil. If the density of the oil is 960 kg/m3, find the kinematic
viscosity of the oil.

Q4. A cylinder of 120 mm diameter rotates concentrically inside a fixed cylinder diameter
125 mm. Both cylinders are 300 mm long. Find the viscosity of the liquid that fills the space
between the cylinders if a torque of 0.90 Nm is required to maintain a speed of 60 rpm.

Q5. Two large horizontal plane surfaces are 20 mm apart. This space is filled with glycerine.
Find what force is required to drag a very thin plate of area 0.60m2 between the two surfaces
at a speed of 0.70 m/sec.

a. If the plate is equidistant from the two surfaces

Q6. Find the rate of flow through a capillary tube 120 mm long and 1.5 mm diameter if the
viscosity of the liquid is 0.02 Ns/m2 and the difference of pressure between the two ends of
the tube is 7360 N/m2.

Q7. The velocity distribution for water flowing in a pipe follows the law

K
V= [R2 – r2]
4µ

Where, R is radius of pipe,µ is viscosity of water, K is a constant, Find the shear stress at
pipe wall and at a distance R/2 from the axis of the pipe, also find drag force on a pipe a
length 1 unit.

Q8. A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.72. Find its density and specific weight. Find also the
weight per litre of the liquid.
Q9. The space between two square flat parallel plates is filled with oil. Each side of the plate
is 600 mm. The thickness of the oil film is 12.5 mm. The upper plate which moves at 2.50
m/s requires a force of 100 N to maintain the speed. Determine the viscosity of oil. Find also
the kinematic viscosity of oil if its specific gravity is 0.95.

Q10. A shaft of 100 mm diameter rotates at 60 rpm in a 200 mm long bearing. Taking that
the two surfaces are uniformly separated by a distance of 0.50 mm and taking linear velocity
distribution in the lubricating oil having dynamic viscosity of 0.004 Ns/m2, find the power
absorbed in the bearing.

Q11. A 100 mm diameter pipe is used to measure the viscosity of oil of specific gravity 0.8.
The difference of pressure between sections of the pipe 10 meters apart is measured to be
24525 N/m2. If the weight of oil flowing through the pipe is 9800 N in 100 seconds,
determine the viscosity of oil.

Q12. A liquid of viscosity 10 poise flows over a plate the velocity at any level varying
parabolically with the distance from the plate. The vertex of the parabolic velocity
distribution diagram 0.25 m from the plate. The velocity varies from zero at the plate to 1.25
m/s at 0.25 m from the plate. Find the velocity gradient at the plate and at 0.25 m from the
plate. Find also the shear stress at these levels.

Q13. A 60 mm diameter piston moves inside a 60.10 mm diameter cylinder. Find the
percentage decrease in force needed to move the piston if the lubricant warms up from 00C to
1200C. Take viscosity of the lubricant at 0C and 1200C is equal to 0.0182 Ns/m2 and 0.0021
Ns/m2 respectively.

Q14. Calculate the critical velocity of water flowing through 25 mm ID pipe when the
density of water is 1000 kg/m3 and viscosity of water is 0.0008 Ns/m2.

Q15. The same water (ref. Q 14.) is pumped at 1000 cm2/s through a 25 mm ID pipe.
Calculate the Reynolds number.
 CHT-203 Momentum Transfer Operations (MTO)

Problem Sheet: 2 Course Coordinator: Dr. Manish Vashishtha

Problems on Continuity Equation

Q1. A 200 mm diameter pipe conveying water branches into two pipes of diameters
150 mm & 100 mm respectively. If the average velocity in the 200mm diameter pipe
and the 150 mm diameter pipe are respectively 3m/s and 1.8m/s. Determine the
velocity in the 10 0mm diameter pipe.

Fig : 1

Q.2. For the pipe shown in the Fig.2, the diameters of the pipe at the sections 1-1 and
2-2 are 100 mm and 50 mm respectively. If the discharge through the pipe is .008
cubic meter per second. Find the average velocities of the two sections.

Fig : 2

Q.3. In a natural gas pipeline at station 1, the pipe diameter is 2 feet, and the flow
conditions are 800Psia, 70 ̊F and 50 ft/s velocity. At station 2, the pipe diameter is 3
feet and the flow conditions are 500Psia and 70 ̊F. What is the velocity at station 2?
What is the mass flow rate?

Q.4.Water is flowing in a pipe. At point 1, the inside diameter is 0.25m and the
velocity is 2m/s. What are the mass flow rate and volumetric flow rate? What is the
velocity at point 2 where the inside diameter is .125 m?
 CHT203 Momentum Transfer Operations

Problem Sheet: 3 Course Coordinator: Dr. Manish Vashishtha

Problems on Bernoulli’s Theorem

Q1. A pipe of diameter 250 mm conveys a discharge of 2400 lts/min and has a pressure
of 20 KN/m2 at certain section. Find total energy head w.r.t datum 4m below pipe?

Q2. Oil of specific gravity 0.8 flows in a horizontal pipe at a height of 3 meters above the
datum plane, at a section of pipe diameter = 120 mm & pressure intensity 1.25 bar. If
total energy head at this section 25 m. Find flow rate (Q) of oil?

Q4. Water flows at 75 Lts/sec in a pipe whose diameter at section (1) and (2) are 300 mm
& 150 mm which are height 5m & 3m above datum. If the pressure at section (1) is 450
KPa find the pressure at section (2). Neglect loss of energy?

Q5. A pipe of diameter 200 mm converges to a diameter of 100 mm. The pipe conveys
water, pressure intensity is being 400 KPa & 250 KPa at large & small section, Find the
discharge (Q)?

Q6. A pipeline conveying oil has diameter 250 mm & 500 mm at section 1-1 &2-2. The
central line of pipe at section 2-2 is 5m above than that at section 1-1. If pressure
intensities at 1-1 & 2-2 are 125 Kpa & 75 Kpa respectively and discharge is 225 l/sec.
Find the loss of head & direction of flow?

Q7. Water flows up a vertical pipe of diameter 180 mm contracting to a diameter of 120
mm in a height of 0.25 mm. If the rate of flow is 80 l/sec, find the pressure fall across the
contraction equal to 0.27 times the kinetic head in the region of smaller diameter of the
pipe.

Q8. Figure below shows a vertical tapered pipe conveying water at 60 l/sec. If the flow is
up the pipe, find the deflection of the differential mercury manometer. Ignore losses of
energy.

Q9. The top and bottom diameter of a 2 m long vertical tapering pipe are 100 mm and 50
mm respectively. Water flows down the pipe at 30 L/sec. Find the pressure difference
between the two ends of the pipe.

Q10. Figure below shows a pipe discharging water from a tank. The 150 mm diameter
pipe is fitted with a 75 mm diameter nozzle at outlet. Find the discharge. Find also the
pressure heads at the points marked 1, 2, 3 & 4. Ignore loss of energy head.
Q11. Find the height h to which the water jet will shoot out of the nozzle in the
arrangement shown in fig 3. Neglect loss of energy.