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    Ee-323 Diigital Signal Processing Lab Report 02: 6 Semester (Spring 2018)

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    Syed Afzal
    This document contains a lab report on evaluating Z-transforms and pole/zero plots in MATLAB. The objectives are to understand how to perform Z-transforms in MATLAB and related commands. The lab tasks involve writing a function to calculate the Z-transform, using it to find the Z-transform of various signals, representing transfer functions in MATLAB, and plotting poles and zeros. The lab demonstrates skills in representing and analyzing discrete-time signals and systems using the Z-transform in MATLAB.

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    Ee-323 Diigital Signal Processing Lab Report 02: 6 Semester (Spring 2018)

    Uploaded by

    Syed Afzal
    16 views8 pages
    This document contains a lab report on evaluating Z-transforms and pole/zero plots in MATLAB. The objectives are to understand how to perform Z-transforms in MATLAB and related commands. The lab tasks involve writing a function to calculate the Z-transform, using it to find the Z-transform of various signals, representing transfer functions in MATLAB, and plotting poles and zeros. The lab demonstrates skills in representing and analyzing discrete-time signals and systems using the Z-transform in MATLAB.

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    lab for z transform on matlab

    Original Title

    lab 2 dsp

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    This document contains a lab report on evaluating Z-transforms and pole/zero plots in MATLAB. The objectives are to understand how to perform Z-transforms in MATLAB and related commands. The lab tasks involve writing a function to calculate the Z-transform, using it to find the Z-transform of various signals, representing transfer functions in MATLAB, and plotting poles and zeros. The lab demonstrates skills in representing and analyzing discrete-time signals and systems using the Z-transform in MATLAB.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    16 views8 pages

    Ee-323 Diigital Signal Processing Lab Report 02: 6 Semester (Spring 2018)

    Uploaded by

    Syed Afzal
    This document contains a lab report on evaluating Z-transforms and pole/zero plots in MATLAB. The objectives are to understand how to perform Z-transforms in MATLAB and related commands. The lab tasks involve writing a function to calculate the Z-transform, using it to find the Z-transform of various signals, representing transfer functions in MATLAB, and plotting poles and zeros. The lab demonstrates skills in representing and analyzing discrete-time signals and systems using the Z-transform in MATLAB.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 8

    EE-323 DIIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

    LAB REPORT 02
    6TH SEMESTER (SPRING 2018)

    Submitted to: Engr. Komal Munir

    Submitted by: Syeda Ume Rubab

    16-EE-03

    Data presentation (0-5) Data Analysis and interpretation (0-5)

    DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

    UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

    TAXILA
    LAB No. 02

    Evaluation of Z-transform and Pole/Zero Plots

    Objective:

     To understand how to perform Z-Transform in MATLAB. To understand different


    MATLAB command related to the evaluation of transfer functions, poles, zeros and
    their plots.

    Introduction:

    Theory:

    NAME: SYEDA UME RUBAB Reg #:16-EE-03


    NAME: SYEDA UME RUBAB Reg #:16-EE-03
    Lab Tasks:

    1. Write a user-defined MATLAB function to compute Z-transform through following


    relation:
    ∞

    𝑋(𝑧) = ∑ 𝑥(𝑛)𝑧 −𝑛
    𝑛=−∞

    ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑥(𝑛)𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 − 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧 𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑦𝑚𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑐 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒

    Code:
    function X=z_transform(x)
    syms z;
    sum=0;
    n=length(x)-1;
    for i=0:1:n;
    X=x(i+1)*z^(-1*i);
    sum=sum+X;
    end
    X=sum
    end

    2. Use the function defined in Task 1 to compute Z-transform of the following signals
    i. x(n) = cos(2πFn) here F = 10Hz

    Code:
    F=10;
    x=cos(2*pi*F*n);
    z_transform(x)

    Output:
    X =1/z + 1/z^2 + 1/z^3 + 1/z^4 + 1

    ii. x(n) = [2,4,5,7,1]

    Code:
    x=[2 4 5 7 1];
    z_transform(x)

    Output:
    X = 4/z + 5/z^2 + 7/z^3 + 1/z^4 + 2

    NAME: SYEDA UME RUBAB Reg #:16-EE-03


    iii. x(n) = [0,0,1,2,5,7,0,1]

    Code:
    x=[0 0 1 2 5 7 0 1];
    z_transform(x)

    Output:
    X = 1/z^2 + 2/z^3 + 5/z^4 + 7/z^5 + 1/z^7

    3. Use MATLAB command ‘ztrans’ to compute Z-transform of following (use ‘syms’


    command to define inputs).
    𝒌𝑻 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒌 ≥ 𝟎
    i. 𝒂𝒌 = { 𝒔
    𝟎 𝒐𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒘𝒊𝒔𝒆

    Code:
    syms a k T;
    a=k*T;
    X=ztrans(a)

    Output:
    X= (T*z)/(z - 1)^2
    ii. x[n]= an

    Code:
    syms a n;
    x=a^n;
    X=ztrans(x)

    Output:
    X = -z/(a - z)
    4. We know that a transfer function is a ratio of polynomials with ascending power of 𝑧-1.
    Transfer functions are specified by their numerator and denominator polynomials. In
    MATLAB, NUM and DEN are row vectors listing the numerator and denominator
    coefficients in descending order of z by default. For example, the polynomial 𝑧2 + 2𝑧 +
    10 is specified as [1 2 10]. For discrete-time transfer functions, it is highly
    recommended to make the length of the numerator and denominator equal to ensure
    correct results. Define vectors in MATLAB to express following transfer function with
    numerator and denominator polynomials.
    4 − 5𝑧 −1
    𝐻(𝑧) =
    8 + 3𝑧 −1 + 𝑧 −2

    NAME: SYEDA UME RUBAB Reg #:16-EE-03


    Use ‘tf” command to generate transfer function from NUM and DEN vectors like
    tf(NUM,DEN,1). Use ‘roots’ command to compute roots of NUM and DEN
    polynomials. Show the pole/zero plot of H(z) using ‘zplane’ command.
    Code:
    num=[4 -5 0]
    den=[8 3 1]
    z=tf(num,den,1)
    x=roots(num)
    y=roots(den)
    zplane(x,y)

    Output:
    z=
    4 z^2 - 5 z
    ---------------
    8 z^2 + 3 z + 1

    Sample time: 1 seconds


    Discrete-time transfer function.
    x=
    0
    1.2500
    y=
    -0.1875 + 0.2997i
    -0.1875 - 0.2997i

    NAME: SYEDA UME RUBAB Reg #:16-EE-03


    5. Consider the following transfer function:
    4𝑧 −1 (1 − 0.5𝑧 −1 )(1 − 2𝑧 −1 )
    𝐻(𝑧) =
    (1 + 0.3𝑧 −1 )(1 − 0.4𝑧 −1 )(1 + 0.6𝑧 −1 )
    Represent this transfer function in vector and object form and then computer zeros,
    poles and gain using ‘tf2zp’ command and plot them using ‘pzmap’ command.
    Code:
    a=conv([0 4],[1 -0.5]);
    num=conv([a],[1 -2])
    b=conv([1 0.3],[1 -0.4]);
    den=conv([b],[1 0.6])
    H=tf(num,den,1)
    [z,p,k]=tf2zp(num,den)
    pzmap(H)

    Output:
    num = 0 4 -10 4
    den = 1.0000 0.5000 -0.1800 -0.0720
    H = 4 z^2 - 10 z + 4
    ------------------------------
    z^3 + 0.5 z^2 - 0.18 z - 0.072
    z = 2.0000
    0.5000
    p = 0.4000
    -0.6000
    -0.3000
    k=4

    NAME: SYEDA UME RUBAB Reg #:16-EE-03


    After Lab Questions:

    1. What are the differences between MATLAB commands ‘zplane’ and pzmap?

    2. How complex variable ‘z’ is related to complex variable ‘s’? Give expression.

    3. Give two practical applications of Z-Transform.

    4. How the values of real part (σ) of ‘s’ be translated into stability conditions in z-domain?

    Discussion/ Conclusion:

    NAME: SYEDA UME RUBAB Reg #:16-EE-03

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