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    2.3 Calculating Limits Using The Limit Laws: X A X A

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    sidaksingh
    This document discusses the limit laws that can be used to evaluate limits. It defines 7 limit laws for sums, differences, constants, products, quotients, powers, and roots of functions. It also discusses the direct substitution property, the theorem on equivalent functions, and the squeeze theorem for evaluating limits. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to apply each concept.

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    2.3 Calculating Limits Using The Limit Laws: X A X A

    Uploaded by

    sidaksingh
    19 views3 pages
    This document discusses the limit laws that can be used to evaluate limits. It defines 7 limit laws for sums, differences, constants, products, quotients, powers, and roots of functions. It also discusses the direct substitution property, the theorem on equivalent functions, and the squeeze theorem for evaluating limits. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to apply each concept.

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    This document discusses the limit laws that can be used to evaluate limits. It defines 7 limit laws for sums, differences, constants, products, quotients, powers, and roots of functions. It also discusses the direct substitution property, the theorem on equivalent functions, and the squeeze theorem for evaluating limits. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to apply each concept.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    19 views3 pages

    2.3 Calculating Limits Using The Limit Laws: X A X A

    Uploaded by

    sidaksingh
    This document discusses the limit laws that can be used to evaluate limits. It defines 7 limit laws for sums, differences, constants, products, quotients, powers, and roots of functions. It also discusses the direct substitution property, the theorem on equivalent functions, and the squeeze theorem for evaluating limits. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to apply each concept.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    2.

    3 Calculating Limits Using The Limit Laws

    The Limit Laws


    Suppose that c is a constant and that lim f (x) and lim g(x) exist. Then,
    x→a x→a

    1. lim (f (x) + g(x)) = lim f (x) + lim g(x)


    x→a x→a x→a

    2. lim (f (x) − g(x)) = lim f (x) − lim g(x)


    x→a x→a x→a

    3. lim (c · f (x)) = c lim f (x)


    x→a x→a

    4. lim (f (x) · g(x)) = lim f (x). lim g(x)


    x→a x→a x→a

    f (x) lim f (x)


    5. lim = x→a provided lim g(x) 6= 0
    x→a g(x) lim g(x) x→a
    x→a

    Let n be a positive integer. Then,


     n
    6. lim (f (x))n = lim f (x)
    x→a x→a
    p q
    n
    7. lim f (x) = n lim f (x) [If n is even, we assume that lim f (x) > 0]
    x→a x→a x→a

    Example: Evaluate

    • lim (f (x) + 5g(x))


    x→−2

    • lim (f (x) · g(x))


    x→1

    f (x)
    • lim
    x→2 g(x)
    Direct Substitution Property: If f is a polynomial or rational function and a is in the domain of f , then

    lim f (x) = f (a)


    x→a

    Example: Find lim (2x2 − 3x + 4).


    x→5

    Theorem: Let c be a real number and let f (x) = g(x) for all x 6= c. If lim g(x) exist, then lim f (x) = lim g(x).
    x→c x→c x→c

    x2 − 1
    Example: Find lim .
    x→1 x − 1

    √
    t2 + 9 − 3
    Example: Find lim .
    t→0 t2

    |x|
    Example: Find lim .
    x→0 x
    The Squeeze Theorem
    If f (x) ≤ g(x) ≤ h(x) when x is near a (except possibly at a) and

    lim f (x) = L = lim h(x)


    x→a x→a

    then
    lim g(x) = L
    x→a

    Step 1: Choose the lower and upper functions that your function is squeezed between and show that the appro-
    priate inequalities are satisfied.
    Step 2: Show that both the lower and upper functions approach the same limit L.
    Step 3: Quote the Squeeze theorem to conclude that your function approaches the same limit L.

     
    2 1
    Example: Show that lim x sin = 0.
    x→0 x

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