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    3 Ipv6 Routing

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    catalin ion
    The document provides instructions on configuring IPv6 on Cisco IOS routers. It describes enabling IPv6 globally and on interfaces, and configuring both static and EUI-64 based IPv6 addresses. It also discusses IPv6 routing protocols including RIPng, EIGRP for IPv6, OSPFv3 and BGP, and provides an example of configuring EIGRP for IPv6 between two routers.

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    3 Ipv6 Routing

    Uploaded by

    catalin ion
    27 views27 pages
    The document provides instructions on configuring IPv6 on Cisco IOS routers. It describes enabling IPv6 globally and on interfaces, and configuring both static and EUI-64 based IPv6 addresses. It also discusses IPv6 routing protocols including RIPng, EIGRP for IPv6, OSPFv3 and BGP, and provides an example of configuring EIGRP for IPv6 between two routers.

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    The document provides instructions on configuring IPv6 on Cisco IOS routers. It describes enabling IPv6 globally and on interfaces, and configuring both static and EUI-64 based IPv6 addresses. It also discusses IPv6 routing protocols including RIPng, EIGRP for IPv6, OSPFv3 and BGP, and provides an example of configuring EIGRP for IPv6 between two routers.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    27 views27 pages

    3 Ipv6 Routing

    Uploaded by

    catalin ion
    The document provides instructions on configuring IPv6 on Cisco IOS routers. It describes enabling IPv6 globally and on interfaces, and configuring both static and EUI-64 based IPv6 addresses. It also discusses IPv6 routing protocols including RIPng, EIGRP for IPv6, OSPFv3 and BGP, and provides an example of configuring EIGRP for IPv6 between two routers.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 27

    IPv6 Routing Protocols

    ISP Workshops

    Last updated 23 August 2013 1


    Initial IPv6 Configuration
    for Cisco IOS

    2
    IPv6 Configuration on Cisco IOS
    p  To
    enable IPv6 the following global
    commands are required:
    Router(config)# ipv6 unicast-routing
    n  Also enable IPv6 CEF (not on by default):
    Router(config)# ipv6 cef
    n  Also disable IPv6 Source Routing (enabled by
    default):
    Router(config)# no ipv6 source-routing

    3
    IPv6 Configuration
    p  To configure a global or unique-local IPv6 address
    the following interface command should be
    entered:

    Router(config-if)# ipv6 address X:X..X:X/prefix

    p  To configure an EUI-64 based IPv6 address the


    following interface command should be entered:

    Router(config-if)# ipv6 address X:X::/prefix eui-64

    n  EUI-64 is not helpful on a router and is not recommended


    4
    IPv6 Configuration
    p  If no global IPv6 address is required on an
    interface, yet it needs to carry IPv6 traffic:
    n  Enable IPv6 on that interface using:
    Router(config-if)# ipv6 enable
    n  Which will result in a link-local IPv6 address being
    constructed automatically
    n  FE80:: is concatenated with the Interface ID to give:
    p  FE80::interface-id
    p  Configuring an IPv6 address (whether global or
    unique-local) will also result in a link-local IPv6
    address being created

    5
    IPv6 Configuration
    Router1# conf t
    Router1(config)# ipv6 unicast-routing
    Router1(config)# ipv6 cef
    Router1(config)# int fast 0/0
    Router1(config-int)# ipv6 enable
    Router1(config-int)# ^Z

    Router1#sh ipv6 interface fast 0/0


    FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
    IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::A8B9:C0FF:FE00:F11D
    No global unicast address is configured
    Joined group address(es):
    FF02::1
    FF02::2
    FF02::1:FF00:F11D
    MTU is 1500 bytes
    ICMP error messages limited to one every 100 milliseconds
    ICMP redirects are enabled 6
    IPv6 Configuration – EUI64
    Router1#sh ipv6 interface fast 0/0
    FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
    IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::A8B9:C0FF:FE00:F11D
    Global unicast address(es):
    2001:DB8::A8B9:C0FF:FE00:F11D, subnet is 2001:DB8::/64 [EUI]
    Joined group address(es):
    FF02::1
    FF02::2
    FF02::1:FF00:F11D
    MTU is 1500 bytes
    ICMP error messages limited to one every 100 milliseconds
    ICMP redirects are enabled
    ND DAD is enabled, number of DAD attempts: 1
    ND reachable time is 30000 milliseconds
    ND advertised reachable time is 0 milliseconds
    ND advertised retransmit interval is 0 milliseconds
    ND router advertisements are sent every 200 seconds
    ND router advertisements live for 1800 seconds 7
    Hosts use stateless autoconfig for addresses.
    IPv6 Configuration – Static
    Router1#sh ipv6 int fast 0/0
    FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
    IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::A8B9:C0FF:FE00:F11D
    Global unicast address(es):
    2001:DB8::2, subnet is 2001:DB8::/64
    Joined group address(es):
    FF02::1
    FF02::2
    FF02::1:FF08:2
    FF02::1:FF00:F11D
    ICMP error messages limited to one every 100 milliseconds
    ICMP redirects are enabled
    ND DAD is enabled, number of DAD attempts: 1
    ND reachable time is 30000 milliseconds
    ND advertised reachable time is 0 milliseconds
    ND advertised retransmit interval is 0 milliseconds
    ND router advertisements are sent every 200 seconds
    ND router advertisements live for 1800 seconds 8
    Hosts use stateless autoconfig for addresses.
    IPv6 Interface Configuration
    Duplicate Address Detection
    p  If a point-to-point interface (e.g. POS, HSSI,
    Serial) is looped:
    n  Router sees its address by Solicited Node Multicast
    n  Duplicate Address Detection kicks in:

    Aug 23 09:18:41.263: %IPV6_ND-6-DUPLICATE_INFO: DAD attempt detected


    for 2001:DB8:0:3:: on Serial1/1

    n  Interface automatically disabled for IPv6 traffic (IPv4


    traffic is unaffected)
    n  This has impact for backbone links (IPv6 traffic takes
    alternative path) and external peering links (IPv6
    peering down, IPv4 peering okay)
    p  Workaround?
    n  Monitoring! 9
    Routing Protocols

    10
    Static Routing
    p  Syntax is:
    n  ipv6 route ipv6-prefix/prefix-length {ipv6-address |
    interface-type interface-number} [administrative-
    distance]
    p  Static Route

    ipv6 route 2001:DB8::/64 2001:DB8:0:ABCD::1 150

    n  Routes packets for network 2001:db8::/64 to a


    networking device at 2001:DB8:0:ABCD::1 with an
    administrative distance of 150

    11
    Default Routing Example

    IPv6
    Internet Router2
    :e
    :a Ethernet0
    LAN1:
    2001:db8:2:1::/64 Router1
    :a Ethernet1
    LAN2:
    2001:db8:2:2::/64
    ipv6 unicast-routing
    !
    interface Ethernet0
    ipv6 address 2001:db8:2:1::a/64
    !
    interface Ethernet1
    ipv6 address 2001:db8:2:2::a/64
    ! Default Route
    ipv6 route ::/0 2001:db8:2:1::e to Router2 12
    Dynamic Routing Protocols in IPv6
    p  Dynamic Routing in IPv6 is unchanged from IPv4:
    n  IPv6 has 2 types of routing protocols: IGP and EGP
    n  IPv6 still uses the longest-prefix match routing
    algorithm
    p  IGP
    n  RIPng (RFC 2080)
    n  Cisco EIGRP for IPv6
    n  OSPFv3 (RFC 5340)
    n  Integrated IS-ISv6 (RFC 5308)
    p  EGP
    n  MP-BGP4 (RFC 4760 and RFC 2545)

    13
    Configuring Routing Protocols
    p  Dynamic routing protocols require router-id
    n  Router-id is a 32 bit integer
    n  IOS auto-generates these from loopback interface
    address if configured, else highest IPv4 address on the
    router
    n  Most ISPs will deploy IPv6 dual stack – so router-id will
    be automatically created
    p  Early adopters choosing to deploy IPv6 in the
    total absence of any IPv4 addressing need to be
    aware:
    n  Router-id needs to be manually configured:
    ipv6 router ospf 100
    router-id 10.1.1.4

    14
    RIPng
    p  For the ISP industry, simply don’t go here
    p  ISPs do not use RIP in any form unless
    there is absolutely no alternative
    n  And there usually is
    p  RIPngwas used in the early days of the
    IPv6 test network
    n  Sensible routing protocols such as OSPF and
    BGP rapidly replaced RIPng when they became
    available

    15
    EIGRP for IPv6
    p  Cisco EIGRP has had IPv6 protocol support added
    n  Just another protocol module (IP, IPX, AppleTalk) with
    three new TLVs:
    p  IPv6_REQUEST_TYPE (0X0401)
    p  IPv6_METRIC_TYPE (0X0402)
    p  IPv6_EXTERIOR_TYPE (0X0403)
    n  Router-ID is still 32-bit, protocol is still 88
    p  Uses similar CLI to existing IPv4 protocol support
    p  Easy deployment path for existing IPv4 EIGRP
    users
    p  In Cisco IOS Release 12.4 onwards

    16
    EIGRP for IPv6
    p  Some differences:
    n  Hellos are sourced from the link-local address and
    destined to FF02::A (all EIGRP routers). This means that
    neighbors do not have to share the same global prefix
    (with the exception of explicitly specified neighbours
    where traffic is unicasted).
    n  Automatic summarisation is disabled by default for IPv6
    (unlike IPv4)
    n  No split-horizon in the case of EIGRP for IPv6 (because
    IPv6 supports multiple prefixes per interface)

    17
    EIGRP for IPv6—Configuration &
    Display
    Router 2
    Ethernet0 = 2001:db8:2:1:245:21ff:fe00:feed

    LAN1: 2001:db8:2:1::/64 Router2#


    ipv6 router eigrp 100
    Ethernet0 router-id 1.1.1.1

    Router 1 interface Ethernet0


    ipv6 address 2001:db8:2:1::/64 eui-64
    Ethernet1 ipv6 enable
    ipv6 eigrp 100
    LAN2: 2001:db8:2:2::/64
    Router1#show ipv6 eigrp neighbor
    IPv6-EIGRP neighbors for process 100
    H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq
    (sec) (ms) Cnt Num
    0 FE80::245:21ff:fe00:feed E0 14 00:01:43 1 4500 0 1

    Router1#show ipv6 eigrp topology all-links


    IPv6-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(100)/ID(1.1.1.1)
    Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,
    r - reply Status, s - sia Status
    P 2001:db8:2:1::/64, 1 successors, FD is 28160, serno 1
    via Connected, Ethernet0
    Neighbour Identified
    via FE80::245:21ff:fe00:feed (30720/28160), Ethernet0 by Link-Local Address
    18
    OSPFv3 overview
    p  OSPFv3 is OSPF for IPv6 (RFC 5340)
    p  Based on OSPFv2, with enhancements
    p  Distributes IPv6 prefixes
    p  Runs directly over IPv6
    p  Ships-in-the-night with OSPFv2

    19
    Differences from OSPFv2
    p  Runs over a link, not a subnet
    n  Multiple instances per link
    p  Topology not IPv6 specific
    n  Router ID
    n  Link ID

    p  Standard authentication mechanisms


    p  Uses link local addresses
    p  Generalized flooding scope
    p  Two new LSA types

    20
    OSPFv3 configuration example

    Router1# Area 0
    interface Ethernet0
    ipv6 address 2001:db8:1:1::1/64 Router2
    ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
    LAN1: 2001:db8:1:1::/64
    interface Ethernet1 Eth0
    ipv6 address 2001:db8:2:2::2/64
    ipv6 ospf 1 area 1 Router1
    Eth1
    ipv6 router ospf 1
    router-id 1.1.1.1 LAN2: 2001:db8:2:2::/64

    NB: Router-id only required in


    Area 1
    absence of any ipv4 configuration

    21
    ISIS Standards History
    p  ISO 10589 specifies the OSI IS-IS routing
    protocol for CLNS traffic
    p  RFC 1195 added IPv4 support
    n  Also known as Integrated IS-IS (I/IS-IS)
    n  I/IS-IS runs on top of the Data Link Layer
    p  RFC5308 adds IPv6 address family support
    p  RFC5120 defines Multi-Topology concept
    n  Permits IPv4 and IPv6 topologies which are not identical
    n  Permits roll out of IPv6 without impacting IPv4
    operations

    22
    Cisco IOS IS-IS dual stack
    configuration
    Router1#
    interface ethernet 1
    ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
    ipv6 address 2001:db8:1::a/64
    LAN1: 2001:db8:1::a/64 ip router isis
    ipv6 router isis
    Ethernet 1
    interface ethernet 2
    Router1 ip address 10.2.1.1 255.255.255.0
    Ethernet 2 ipv6 address 2001:db8:2::a/64
    ip router isis
    LAN2: 2001:db8:2::a/64 ipv6 router isis

    router isis
    net 42.0001.0000.0000.072c.00
    metric-style wide
    Dual IPv4/IPv6 configuration.
    Redistributing both IPv6 static routes
    and IPv4 static routes. 23
    Multi-Protocol BGP for IPv6 –
    RFC2545
    p  IPv6 specific extensions
    n  Scoped addresses: Next-hop contains a global
    IPv6 address and/or potentially a link-local
    address
    n  NEXT_HOP and NLRI are expressed as IPv6
    addresses and prefix
    n  Address Family Information (AFI) = 2 (IPv6)
    p  Sub-AFI = 1 (NLRI is used for unicast)
    p  Sub-AFI = 2 (NLRI is used for multicast RPF check)

    p  Sub-AFI = 3 (NLRI is used for both unicast and


    multicast RPF check)
    p  Sub-AFI = 4 (label)
    24
    A Simple MP-BGP Session
    Router1 Router2
    AS 65001 AS 65002
    2001:db8:2:1::f 2001:db8:2:1::1

    Router1#
    interface Ethernet0
    ipv6 address 2001:db8:2:1::f/64
    !
    router bgp 65001
    bgp router-id 10.10.10.1
    no bgp default ipv4-unicast
    neighbor 2001:db8:2:1::1 remote-as 65002
    address-family ipv6
    neighbor 2001:db8:2:1::1 activate
    neighbor 2001:db8:2:1::1 prefix-list bgp65002in in
    neighbor 2001:db8:2:1::1 prefix-list bgp65002out out
    exit-address-family
    25
    Routing Protocols for IPv6
    Summary
    p  Support for IPv6 in the major routing
    protocols
    p  More details for OSPF, ISIS and BGP in
    separate presentations

    26
    IPv6 Routing Protocols
    ISP Workshops

    27

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