Draft Curriculum Telecommunication Engineering

CURRICULUM
OF
TELECOMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
BE/BSc
ME/MSc
(Revised 2015)
HIGHER EDUCATION COMMISSION

ISLAMABAD
1
CURRICULUM DIVISION, HEC
Prof. Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed Chairman

Mr. Fida Hussain Director General (Acad)
Ms. Ghayur Fatima Director (Curr)
Mr. Rizwan Shoukat Deputy Director (Curr)
Mr. Abid Wahab Assistant Director (Curr)
Mr. Riaz-ul-Haque Assistant Director (Curr)
2
CONTENTS
1. Introduction 6
2. Frame Work/Template for 14

BE/BSc in Telecommunication Engineering
3. Scheme of Studies for BE/BSc 18

in Telecommunication Engineering
4. Details of Courses for BE/BSc 21

In Telecommunication Engineering
5. Scheme of Studies for ME/MSc in 59

Telecommunication Engineering
6. List of Courses for ME/MSc in Telecommunication 61

Engineering
7. Recommendations 63
8. Annexures A - F 65
3
PREFACE
The curriculum, with varying definitions, is a plan of the teaching-learning

process that students of an academic programme are required to undergo.
It includes objectives and learning outcomes, course contents, scheme of
studies, teaching methodologies and methods of assessment of learning.
Knowledge in all academic disciplines is expanding and even new
disciplines are also emerging, it is imperative that curriculum are
developed and revised regularly.
University Grants Commission (UGC) was designated as the competent

authority to develop, review and revise curricula beyond Class-XII vide
Section 3, Sub-Section 2 (ii), Act of Parliament No. X of 1976 titled
“Supervision of Curricula and Textbooks and Maintenance of
Standard of Education”. With the repeal of UGC Act, the same function
was assigned to the Higher Education Commission (HEC) under its
Ordinance of 2002, Section 10, Sub-Section 1 (v).
In compliance with the provisions, the Curriculum Division of HEC

undertakes the revision of curricula after every three years through
respective National Curriculum Revision Committees (NCRCs) which
consist of eminent professors and researchers of relevant fields from
public and private sector universities, R&D organizations, councils,
industry and civil society nominated by their organizations.
In order to impart education at par with quality international standards,

HEC NCRCs have developed unified templates as guidelines for the
development and revision of curricula in the disciplines of Basic Sciences,
Applied Sciences, Social Sciences, Agriculture and Engineering in 2007
and 2009.
It is hoped that this curriculum document, prepared by the respective

NCRC’s, would serve the purpose of meeting our national, social and
economic needs, and it would also provide the level of competency
specified in Pakistan Qualification Framework to make it compatible with
international educational standards. The curriculum is also placed on the
website of HEC (www.hec.gov.pk).
(Fida Hussain)
Director General (Academics)
4
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
STAGE-I STAGE-II STAGE-III STAGE-IV
CURRI. UNDER CURRI. IN FOLLOW UP

CONSIDERATION FINAL STAGE
DRAFT STAGE STUDY
COLLECTION OF APPRAISAL OF 1ST

DRAFT BY EXP. OF PREP. OF FINAL QUESTIONNAIRE
REC
COL./UNIV CURRI.
CONS. OF CRC. FINALIZATION OF INCORPORATION OF COMMENTS

DRAFT BY CRC REC. OF V.C.C.
PREP. OF DRAFT APPROVAL OF PRINTING OF REVIEW

BY CRC CURRI. BY V.C.C. CURRI.
Abbreviations Used: IMPLE. OF CURRI. BACK TO STAGE-I

CRC. Curriculum Revision Committee
VCC. Vice Chancellor’s Committee
EXP. Experts
COL. Colleges
UNI. Universities
ORIENTATION
PREP. Preparation COURSES
REC. Recommendations
5
MINUTES OF NATIONAL CURRICULUM REVISION
COMMITTEE MEETING IN TELECOMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
Introduction
The final meeting of NCRC on Telecommunication Engineering was held

at HEC Regional Center, Lahore from April 06 - 08, 2015 to finalize the
draft curriculum of Telecommunication Engineering at BE/BSc/BS &
Masters levels. The first meeting on drafting the curriculum was held at the
HEC Regional Center, Lahore from November 19-21, 2014.
The meeting was attended by the following members:

1. Prof. Dr. Bilal Ahmad Alvi, Convener
Chairman / Professor,
Dept. of Electronic Engineering,
Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology,
Main University Road, Karachi.
2. Dr. Yasar Amin Secretary
Chairman / Associate Professor,
Dept. of Telecommunication Engineering,
University of Engineering & Technology, Taxila.
3. Dr. Muhammad Najam-ul-Islam, Member
Associate Professor,
Dept. of Electrical Engineering,
Bahria Unviersity, Shangrila Road, Sector E-8,
Islamabad.
4. Dr. Qadeer ul Hassan (in place of Dr. Shahzad Ali Member
Malik)
Professor,
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology,
Park Road, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad.
5. Dr. Adnan Khalid, Member
Assistant Professor,
School of Electrical Engineering & Computer
Sciences, National University of Science &
Technology, Islamabad.
6
6. Dr. Muhammad Akbar, Member
Dean / Professor FE&CS,
National University of Modern Languages,
Islamabad.
7. Dr. Waqas Ahmed, Member
Pakistan Institute of Engg. & Applied Sciences
(PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad.
8. Dr. Jameel Ahmed, Member
HITEC, Khanpur Road, Taxila.
9. Dr. Ashiq Hussain, Member
HITEC, Khanpur Road, Taxila.
10. Dr. Asim Loan, Member
Professor,
University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore.
11. Dr. Faisal Ahmad Khan, Member
Balochistan University of Information Technology,
Engineering & Management Sciences, Quetta.
12. Dr. Muhammad Kashif Samee, Member
University of the Punjab,
Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore.
13. Dr. Abdul Waheed, Member
University College of Engineering & Technology,
Jauhar Block, Main Campus, University of
Sargodha, Sargodha.
14. Dr. Rashid Hussain, Member
Hamdard University, Shahra-e-Madinat-ul-Hikkmat,
Karachi.
7
15. Dr. Abdul Latif Memon, Member
Department of Telecommunication Engg., Mehran
University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro.
16. Dr. Irfan Ahmed, Member
Dept. of Electronic Engineering,
NED University of Engineering & Technology,
University Road, Karachi,
17. Dr. Muhammad Asim Ali, Member
Sukkur Institute of Business Administration,
116 Academic Block II, Sukkur.
18. Mr. Moazzam Ali Ahmad, Member
Chief Executive,
Capital Engineering Corporation,
Office # 2, 2nd Floor, Park View Inn, Plaza, F-10
Markaz, Islamabad.
19. Dr. Muhammad Aamir Member
Department of Electronic Engineering,
Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology,
Room GF-01, Main University road, Karachi.
20. Dr. Mustafa Asghar Ali, Member
College of Engineering,
Karachi Institute of Economics & Tech., PAF Base,
Korangi Creek, Karachi
21. Dr. Syed Nazeer Alam, Member
Associate Dean,
Dept. of Electrical & Power Engineering,
Pakistan Navy Engineering College-NUST,
PNS, Jauhar Habi Rahmatullah Road, Karachi
22. Dr. Shahid Masud, Member
Lahore University of Management Sciences,
Sector-U, DHA, Lahore
8
23. Dr. Sarmad Ullah Khan, Member
CECOS University of IT & Emerging Sciences, F-5,
Phase-6, Hayatabad, Peshawar.
24. Dr. Muhammad Amin Member
HoD / Professor,
Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad
25. Abid Wahab Coordinator
Assistant Director, Curriculum,
HEC H-9, Islamabad
Prof. Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Ahmed, Director Dept. of Electrical
Engineering from Mirpur University of Science and Technology, AJK
attended the preliminary meeting but was unable to participate in the final
meeting.
The following sub-committee was formulated for revision of Mathematics

& Natural Sciences Courses in additional to previously formulated sub-
committees for Telecommunication Engineering:
Dr. Shahid Masood Convener

Dr. Muhammad Amin Member
Dr. Abdul Waheed Member
Mr. Moazzam Ali Toor Member
The Committee worked on suggestions given by the members of the Sub-

Committee and incorporated their suggestions, where necessary in the
final draft of BS & MS (Telecommunication Engineering). The sub-
committee also visited Lahore University of Management Science, Lahore
on 2nd day after meeting hours. During the visit the sub-committee
exchanged their views with the management and faculty members
regarding the process of curriculum development and its intended
implementation.
The Committee also discussed and finalized scheme of study for MS in
Telecommunication Engineering.
Recommendations
The purpose of this curriculum is to provide a uniform guideline to
universities and institutions in Pakistan while developing their curriculum
with an effort to have uniformity of standards in their programs.
9
 It is suggested that the credit hours for the proposed program should
be increased with the new limits of 130 – 138 for BS in
Telecommunication Engineering.
 Higher Education Commission should support the institutions for the

development of laboratories for Telecommunication Engineering.
 The committee recommends that the intended candidates for this

program must have sufficient background in Physics and
Mathematics to perform well.
Mr. Nazeer Hussain, Director Regional Center Lahore thanked the

Convener, Secretary and all members of the Committee for sparing their
time and for their quality contributions towards preparation of the final draft
curriculum of the BE/BSc/BS and Masters program.
The committee, in return, highly appreciated the facilities provided by Mr

Ghafoor Ahmad, Assistant Director, HEC Regional Centre, Lahore and
Assistant Director Curriculum Mr. Abid Wahab for making comfortable
arrangements to facilitate the forming of the committees and their
accommodation in Lahore.
The meeting ended with vote of thanks to and from the chair.
10
Objectives
The Telecommunication Engineering curriculum has been developed with
the following objectives in mind:
1. To instill the students with fundamental and advanced concepts of

Electronic and Telecommunications Engineering with particular
emphasis on the application of these concepts to further advance
the state of technology and to meet the needs of the
Telecommunications industry.
2. To equip the students with hands-on experience on key
telecommunications test and measurement equipment, where
possible.
3. To impart effective leadership and decision-making skills.
4. To train students in effective verbal and written communication
skills.
5. To communicate key principles and skills to enable the students to
practice as good and responsible Telecommunication engineers,
through courses in professional ethics, engineering management,
engineering economics, and entrepreneurship.
6. To inculcate the students with lifelong learning and research skills
7. To prepare students undertaking Telecommunications engineering

to develop appropriate analytical models based on given
specifications.
11
Curriculum Review Basis – Undergraduate Degree
The curriculum for the undergraduate engineering degree program is
based on the following considerations:
Duration
Total duration: Four (4) calendar years
Total number of semesters: Eight (8)
Duration of a semester: Sixteen (16) weeks of instruction
One (1) to two (2) weeks for
examinations
Credit Hours
Total number of credit hours: 130-134
Contact hours: One (1) contact hour per week for each
credit hour of instruction in class
Three (3) contact hours per week for
each credit hour of laboratory work
Total number of contact hours: At least 3,200
Course Division
Ratio of Engineering to Non-Engineering courses: 70:30
Curriculum Review Basis – Graduate Degree
The curriculum for the graduate engineering degree program is based on

the following considerations:
Duration
Total duration: Two (2) calendar years
Total number of semesters: Four (4)
Duration of a semester: Sixteen (16) weeks of instruction
One (1) to two (2) weeks for
examinations
Credit Hours
Total number of credit hours: 30 (24 Credit hours of coursework and 6
12
credit hours of thesis or two additional
graduate level courses in lieu of the
thesis)
Contact hours: One (1) contact hour per week for each
credit hour of instruction in class
Three (3) contact hours per week for
each credit hour of laboratory work
13
Framework for BE/BS in Telecommunication
Engineering
Duration: 4 years
Semesters: 8
Number of weeks per semester: 16-18 (16 for teaching
and 2 for examinations)
Total number of Credit Hours (CH): 138
Number of Credit Hour (CH) per semester: 15 – 18
Engineering Domain Courses: 70%
Non-engineering Domain Course: 30%
Knowledg Sub Name of Lec Lab Credit

Total Total
e Area course . . Hours
Courses Credits
Area CH CH (CH)
Functional
3 0 3
English
Communica
3 0 3
tion Skills
English 3 9
Technical
Report
3 0 3
Writing and
Humanities
Presentation
Islamic
Cultur 2 0 2
Studies
e 2 4
Pakistan
2 0 2
studies
Professional
3 0 3
Practices
Social
Social 2 6
Sciences
Sciences- 3 0 3
Elective
Engineering
3 0 3
Manage Economics
ment -- Manageme 2 6
Sciences nt Sciences 3 0 3
Elective
14
Calculus
and
3 0 3
Analytical
Geometry
Multivariable
Math 3 0 3 4 12
Natural Calculus
Science Linear
3 0 3
Algebra
Differential
3 0 3
Equations
Physics Applied
3 1 4 1 4
Physics
Total 14 41
Total
Knowledge Sub Area Name of course Lec Lab Credit Cours Cre
Area CH CH Hours es dit
s
Fundam Introduction to
2 1 3
entals Computing
Computing
Program Object Oriented

3 1 4
ming Programming
3 8
Computer
Aided
0 1 1
Application Engineering
Design
-- Electric
0 1 1
Workshop
Circuit Analysis 3 1 4
Network
3 1 4
Engineering
Foundation
Analysis
Digital Logic
3 1 4 9 30
Design
Electromagnetic
3 0 3
Theory
Electronic
Devices and 3 1 4
Circuits
15
Communication
3 1 4
Systems
Signals and
3 0 3
Systems
Probability
Methods in 3 0 3
Engineering
-- Digital
3 1 4
Communications
Microprocessors
and 3 1 4
Major Based Core
Microcontrollers
Digital Signal
(Breadth)
3 1 94
Processing
6 23
Amplifiers and
3 1 4
Oscillators
Control
2 1 3
Systems
Antennas and
Wave 3 1 4
propagation
-- Computer
Communication 3 1 4
Networks
Transmission
and Switching 3 0/1 3/ 4
Systems
Major Based core
Microwave
3 1 4
Engineering
(Depth)
23/
Emerging 7
24
Wireless
Technologies 2 0 2
and RF
Planning
Optical Fiber
3 1 4
Communications
MBC Depth
3 0 3
Elective I
16
MBC Depth
3 0 3
Elective II
Inter- -- ID Electives I 2 1 3
disciplinary
2 6
Engg. ID Electives II 2 1 3
(Elective)
Project
1 6
(Final)
Industrial Training (Summer) 0 0 0 0 0
96/
Total - - - 28
97
13
Grand Total 42 7/1
38
17
PROPOSED SCHEME OF STUDIES
FOR BE/BSc IN TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Semester 1
Lecture Lab Credit
S.# Course Title
Hours Hours Hours
1 Functional English 3 0 3
2 Introduction to Computing 2 1 3
3 Calculus and Analytical Geometry 3 0 3
4 Applied Physics 3 1 4
5 Circuit Analysis 3 1 4
6 Electric Workshop 0 1 1
Total 14 4 18
Semester 2
1 Communication Skills 3 0 3
2 Object Oriented Programming 3 1 4
3 Islamic Studies 2 0 2
4 Computer Aided Engineering Design 0 1 1
5 Differential Equations 3 0 3
6 Electrical Network Analysis 3 1 4
Total 14 3 17
Semester 3
1 Pakistan Studies 2 0 2
2 ID Elective I 2 1 3
3 Multivariable Calculus 3 0 3
4 Electronic Devices and Circuits 3 1 4
5 Engineering Economics 3 0 3
6 Linear Algebra 3 0 3
Total 16 2 18
Semester 4
1 Digital Logic Design 3 1 4
2 Amplifiers and Oscillators 3 1 4
3 Signals and Systems 3 0 3
Technical Report Writing and
4 Presentation 3 0 3
18
5 Probability Methods in Engineering 3 0 3
Total 15 2 17
Semester 5
1 Electromagnetic Theory 3 0 3
Control Systems 2 1 3
3 Communication Systems 3 1 4
Microprocessors and
4 Microcontrollers 3 1 4
5 Computer Communication Networks 3 1 4
Total 14 4 18
Semester 6
1 Digital Communications 3 1 4
2 Antennas and Wave Propagation 3 1 4
3 ID Elective II 3 0 3
4 Digital Signal Processing 3 1 4
Wireless Technologies and RF
5 Planning 2 0 2
Total 13 3 17
Semester 7
1 Professional Practices 3 0 3
2 Microwave Engineering 3 1 4
3 Optical Fiber Communications 3 1 4
4 MBC Depth Elective I 3 0 3
5 Final Year Design Project-I 0 3 3
Total 12 5 17
Semester 8
Transmission and Switching
1 Systems 3 0/1 3/4
2 MBC Depth Elective II 3 0 3
3 Social Sciences Elective 3 0 3
4 Final Year Design Project-II 0 3 3
5 Management Sciences (Elective) 3 0 3
Total 12 3/4 15/16
29/3 137/1
Grand Total 108 0 38
19
Major Based Core (MBC) Depth Electives
 Multimedia Systems
 Satellite Communications
 Telecom Standards and Regulations
 Telecom Traffic Engineering
 Next Generation Networks
 Network Security
 Radar Systems Engineering
 Telecommunication Network Management
ID Electives
 Numerical Methods in Engineering
 Operating Systems
 VLSI Systems
 Data Structure and Algorithms
 Database Management Systems
 Embedded Systems
 Artificial Intelligence
 Reliability in Telecommunication Systems
Social Science Electives

 Organizational Behavior
 Psychology
 Public Policy
 Sociology
 Political Science
 Pakistani Culture and Society
Management Science Electives

 Engineering Management
 Entrepreneurship
20
DETAILS OF COURSES
FOR BE/BSc IN TELECOMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
Functional English 3+0

Communication Skills 3+0
Course Outline: HEC Approved Course (Annex-A)
Technical Report Writing
and Presentation Skills 3+ 0
Course Outline: HEC Approved Course (Annex-A)
Islamic Studies 2+0
Course Outline: HEC Approved Course (Annex-B)
Pakistan Studies 2+0
Course Outline: HEC Approved Course (Annex-C)
Social Sciences
Professional Practices 3+0
Prerequisite: None
Objective
To introduce the “human element” in the profession of
telecommunication Engineering.
Course Outline
This course introduces contemporary and controversial ethical issues
facing the professional community. Topics include moral reasoning, moral
dilemmas, law and morality, equity, justice and fairness, ethical standards,
and moral development. Upon completion, students should be able to
demonstrate an understanding of their moral responsibilities and
obligations as members of the workforce and society.
Recommended Books
1. C. Ferrell, John Fraedrich and Linda Ferrell, “Business Ethics:
Ethical Decision Making and Cases”, Ninth Edition, 2012, Houghton
Mifflin Company, ISBN-13: 978-1111825164.
2. Mike W. Martin and Roland Schinzinger, “Ethics in Engineering”,
Fourth Edition, 2004, McGraw-Hill, ISBN-13: 978-0072831153.
Management Sciences
21
Engineering Economics 3+0
Prerequisite None
Objective
Introduce the concepts of economics that engineers need to know to carry
out Engineering tasks and projects.
Course Outline
Basic concepts of Engineering economy, Measures of financial
effectiveness, Monetary values. Consumer and producer goods,
Measures of economic worth, Price, Supply, Demand Relationship,
Elasticity, Present economy, selection among materials, Techniques,
designs, etc. A basic investment philosophy, Alternatives having identical
lives. Alternatives having different lives, Important cost concepts, Cost-
benefit analysis feasibility studies, value analysis in designing and
purchasing. Mathematical statement of linear programming problems,
Graphic solution, simplex procedure, Duality problem. Types of
Depreciation economic life, profit and interest, Returns to capital, Discrete
and continuous compounding, Discounting sinking fund problems, Capital
Financing and Budgeting: Types of ownership, Types of stock, Partnership
and joint stock companies, Banking and Specialized Credit Institution,
Factors of production, Laws of Returns, Break-even charts and
relationships, Labor problems, labor organizations prevention and
settlement of disputes. Market structures.
Recommended Books
1. William G. Sullivan, Elin M Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling,
“Engineering Economy”, Eleventh Edition. 2008, Prentice-Hall.
ISBN: 0136142974
2. Michael Parkin “Microeconomics”, Eleventh Edition, 2014, Prentice-
Hall. ISBN: 0133019942
3. Leland T. Blank and Anthony J. Tarquin, “Engineering Economy”,
Second Edition, 2013, McGraw Hill. ISBN: 0073376353
Engineering Management 3+0
Prerequisite None
Objective
Teach the principles of management including the management of human
resources as well as Engineering projects.
Course Outline
Introduction to principles of management and organizational behavior as
they apply to the engineering profession. Special emphasis on project
22
management, team building, quality leadership, and the marketing of
technology. Group exercises, standard methodologies for managing
projects, project life cycle, design implementation interface, estimating,
contractual risk allocation, scheduling: PBS and WBS, integration of
scope, time, resource and cost dimensions of a project; evaluation of
labor, material, equipment, and subcontract resources; scheduling
techniques such as CPM/PERT and GERT, critical chain, solving real-
world project schedules, cost budgeting, cost baseline, cash flow analysis,
earned value analysis, cost control, proposal presentation, application of
software for project management and Case Studies.
Recommended Books
1. Avraham Shtub, Jonathan F. Bard and Shlomo Globerson, “Project
Management: Processes, Methodologies, and Economics”, Second
Edition, 2004, Prentice Hall, ISBN: 0130413313.
2. Stephen P. Robins, Mary Coulter, “Management”, Second Edition,
2010, Prentice Hall, ISBN: 0132163845.
3. Robert M. Fulmer, “The New Management”, Fourth Edition, 1988,
Macmillan Publishing Company, ISBN: 0023393602.
Entrepreneurship 3+0
Prerequisite None
Objective
Entrepreneurship is an important component in the process of economic
development. The purpose of this course is to analyze the theories of
entrepreneurship and to go for case studies of successful entrepreneurs.
Course Outline
The concept of entrepreneurship, the economist view of entrepreneurship,
the sociologist view, Behavioral approach, Entrepreneurship and
Management. The process of entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial
Management, the entrepreneurial business, Entrepreneurship in service
institutions, the new venture. The innovation concepts, Importance of
innovation for entrepreneurship, Sources of innovative opportunities, the
innovation process, Risks involved in innovation. Entrepreneurial profile,
Trait approach to understanding entrepreneurship, Factors influencing
entrepreneurship, the environment, Socio cultural factors, Support
systems. Team work, Networking organization, Motivation and
compensation, Value system. Defining SMEs, Scope of SMEs,
Entrepreneurial, managers of SME, Financial and marketing problems of
SMEs, Framework for developing entrepreneurial marketing, Devising
23
entrepreneurial marketing plan, Entrepreneurial marketing strategies,
Product quality and design, Role of entrepreneur in the economic
development generation of services, Employment creation and training,
Ideas, knowledge and skill development, the Japanese experience, Case
Studies of Successful Entrepreneurs.
Recommended Books
1. Paul Burns and Jim Dew Hurst: “Small Business and
Entrepreneurship”, Second Edition, 1996, Palgrave Macmillan
Publishing Company, ISBN: 0333645863.
2. Peter F. Drucker: “Innovation and Entrepreneurship”, Reprint
Edition, 2006, Harper Business, ISBN: 0060851139.
3. John Bessant and Joe Tidd, “Innovation and Entrepreneurship”,
Second Edition, 2011, Wiley, ISBN-13: 978-0470711446.
4. John B. Miner, “Entrepreneurial Success”, First Edition, 1996,
Berrett-Koehler Publishers, ISBN: 1881052826.
Natural Sciences
Calculus and Analytical Geometry 3+0
Prerequisite None
Objective
Teach the concepts of calculus and analytic geometry and the applications
of these concepts to the solution of engineering problems.
Course Outline
Introduction to functions, introduction to limits, derivatives and their
applications, integral calculus with applications, vector algebra, vector
calculus, introduction to analytical geometry, straight line in R3, planes,
cylindrical, spherical and rectangular coordinates, surfaces, cylinders and
cones, spheres, spherical trigonometry.
Recommended Books
1. George B. Thomas and Ross L. Finney, “Calculus and Analytic
Geometry,” 1995, Ninth Edition, Addison-Wesley, ISBN-13: 978-
0201531749.
2. George F. Simmons, “Calculus with Analytic Geometry,” 1996,
Second Edition, McGraw-Hill, ISBN-13: 978-0070576421.
3. Gerald B. Folland, “Advanced Calculus, “First Edition, 2001,
Prentice-Hall, ISBN-13: 978-0130652652.
4. Monty J. Strauss, Gerald L. Bradley and Karl J. Smith, “Calculus”,
Third Edition, 2002, Prentice-Hall, ISBN-13: 978-0130918710.
24
Linear Algebra 3+0
Prerequisite None
Objective
Introduce the matrix theory and the use of matrices in the solution of
engineering problems.
Course Outline
Topics include geometry of linear equations, matrix notation and matrix
multiplication, triangular factors and row exchanges, vector spaces and
subspaces, solving linear equations, linear independence, basis and
dimension, four subspaces, linear transformations, orthogonal vectors and
subspaces, projections onto lines, projections and least squares,
orthogonal bases and Gram-Schmidt, determinants, eigenvalues and
eigenvectors, Diagonalization of a matrix, difference and differential
equations, complex matrices, similarity transformations, Jordan canonical
form and singular value decomposition.
Recommended Book
1. Gilbert Strang, “Linear Algebra and Its Applications”, Fourth Edition,
2005, Cengage Learning, ISBN-13: 978-0030105678.
Differential Equations 3+0
Prerequisite Calculus and Analytical Geometry
Objective
Introduce differential equations and teach methods to solve First and
Second Order homogeneous differential equations.
Course Outline
Topics covered include: Differential equations of first order: Differential
equations and their classification, formation of differential equations,
solution of differential equations, initial and boundary conditions, Methods
of solution of differential equation of first order and first-degree: Separable
equations, homogeneous equations, equations reducible to
homogeneous, exact differential equations, integrating factor, linear
equations, Bernoulli equations, orthogonal trajectories in Cartesian and
polar coordinates, applications of first order differential equations. Non-
linear first order differential equations.
Non-linear first order differential equations: Equations solvable for p, for y
and for x, Clairauts equations.
25
Higher Order Linear Differential Equations: Homogeneous linear
equations of order n with constant coefficients, auxiliary/ characteristics
equations. Solution of higher order differential equation according to the
roots of auxiliary equation. (Real and distinct, Real and repeated, and
Complex). Non-homogeneous linear equations. Working rules for finding
particular integral. Cauchy Euler equation.
Recommended Books
1. William E. Boyce and Richard C. Diprima, “Elementary Differential
Equations and Boundary Value Problems”, Tenth Edition, 2012,
John Wiley, ISBN-13: 978 -0470458310.
2. Erwin Kreyszig, “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, Tenth
Edition, 2011, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN -13: 978-0470458365.
3. John Polking, Al Boggess, and David Arnold, “Differential
Equations”, Second Edition, 2005, Prentice Hall, ISBN-13: 978-
0131437388.
4. Stephen W.Goode and Scott A. Annin, “Differential Equations and
Linear Algebra”, Third Edition, 2009, Prentice Hall, ISBN-13: 978-
0321656520.
Applied Physics 2+1
Prerequisites None
Course Objective
To acquaint the students with the physics of semiconductors,
electrostatics, electromagnetics, electrodynamics, waves, and quantum
electronics
Course Outline
Semiconductor Physics: Insulators, Conductors, Semiconductors, Energy
levels in a semiconductor, Hole concept, Intrinsic and extrinsic regions,
Law of mass action, P-N junction and Transistor.
Electrostatic and magnetism: Thermo-dynamical Concepts and Basics of
Electrodynamics, Electric Charge, Coulomb’s Law, Electric Field Intensity
and Electric Potential, Capacitors and Charge Storage Concepts,
Magnetism, Magnetic Fields, Faraday’s and Lenz’s Laws, Ampere’s Law
and its Applications, Eddy Currents, Inductance, Induced Current and their
Applications (Transformers, Generators, etc.).
Waves and Oscillation: Wave Motion, Mathematical Concepts of Simple
and Damped Harmonic Motion, Free oscillation of systems with one
degree of freedom, Analytical Treatments of Superposition of Waves,
Concepts and Applications of Diffraction and Polarization of Light and
26
Sound Waves, Classical wave equation, Transverse modes for continuous
string, Standing waves and Dispersion relation for waves.
Optics and Laser: Basic introduction to Optics and Laser, Diffraction
grating, Lasers, population inversion, Resonant cavities, Quantum
efficiency, Doppler effect and sonic boom.
Modern Physics: Photoelectric effect, Compton effect. Bohr theory of
hydrogen atom, atomic spectra, reduce mass, De-broglie hypothesis
braggs law, electron microscope, zeeman effect, atomic nucleus, mass
energy relation, binding energy, nuclear forces and fundamental forces,
Exponential decay and half-life.
Quantum Electronics: Introduction to Classical and Quantum Mechanics,
Quantum Well, Quantum Dot and Single Electron Transistors, Atomic and
Molecular Transistors.
Lab Outline
The Heating Effects of an Electric Current, Electromagnetic Induction,
Reflection and Refraction of Light, Diffraction and total internal reflection.
Recommended Books
1. Hugh D.Young, Rogger A. Freedman and A. Lewis Ford, “University
Physics with Modern Physics”, Thirteenth Edition, 2011, ISBN-13:
978-0321696861.
2. David Halliday, Robert Resnick and Kenneth S. Krane Resnick,
“Physics (volume 1 and 2)”, 2001, Wiley, ISBN-13: 978-0471320579
& 978-0471401940.
3. Dae Mann Kim, “Introductory Quantum Mechanics for
Semiconductor Nanotechnology”, 2010, Wiley-VCH, ISBN-13: 978-
3527409754.
Multivariable Calculus 3+0
Prerequisites Differential Equations, Calculus and

Analytical Geometry
Course Objective
To acquaint the students problem solving in engineering where problems
contain multivariable domain.
Course Outline
Limits and continuity, single and double integrals, Partial derivatives
(Gradient, Divergence, Curl), Line Integrals and Green’s Theorem,
Surface Integral, Stoke’s Theorem and Divergence Theorem.
27
Recommended Books
1. James Stewart, “Multivariable Calculus”, Seventh Edition”, 2011,
Cengage Learning, ISBN-13: 978-0538497879.
2. Jeffery Cooper, “A Matlab Companion for Multivariable Calculus”,
2001, Academic Press, ISBN-13: 978-0121876258.
3. Erwin Kreyszig, “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, 2011, Wiley,
ISBN-13: 978-0470458365.
Computing
Introduction to Computing 2+1
Prerequisite None
Objective
To introduce the computer components and programming principle
Course Outline
This subject has been designed for students with little or no programming
experience. It aims to provide students with an understanding of the role
computation can play in solving problems. It also aims to help students,
regardless of their major, to feel justifiably confident of their ability to write
small programs that allow them to accomplish useful goals.
Topics include: Brief history, classification, basic components, CPU,
memory, peripheral devices, storage media and devices, physical and
logical storage, data organization, file storage, programs and software,
system software, application software, operating systems, computing,
programming languages, compilation and interpretation, problem
specification, algorithms, flow chart, pseudo code, basic programming
techniques, data types and declaration, header file and linkage, variables
and constants, arrays, input/output, termination, remark, control
structures, branching, conditional structures, repetition and loops, basic
library functions.
The recommended programming environment is C.
Lab Outline
Basic machines organization including motherboard and peripheries,
Networking devices, use of flow charts, introduction to various operating
systems, introduction to office tools (Open Office: Ubuntu or variant based
apps / MS Office), coding, executing and debugging simple programs,
implementation of simple control structures, implementation of simple
functions, implementation of different function styles, input/output, loops,
28
conditional branching, graphics, effecting use of keyboard and introduction
to Python.
Recommended Books
1. Brian Williams and Stacey Sawyer, “Using Information Technology”,
Eleventh Edition, 2014, McGraw-Hill, ISBN-13: 978-0077470678.
2. John Zelle, Python Programming, “An Introduction to Computer
Science’’, Franklin, Beedle & Associates, Second Edition, 2010,
ISBN-13: 978-1590282410.
3. Brian W. Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie , “The C Programming
Language”, Second Edition, 1988, Prentice Hall, ISBN-13: 978-
0131103627.
Object Oriented Programming 3+1
Prerequisite Introduction to Computing
Objective
To understand the fundamentals of object-oriented programming in Java
/ C++ / Python, including defining classes, invoking methods, using class
libraries.
Course Outline
Procedural versus object oriented programming languages, object
oriented design strategy and problem solving, pointers, file handling,
objects and classes, member functions, public and private members,
dynamic memory management, constructors and destructors, templates,
object encapsulation, derived classes, class hierarchies, inheritance and
polymorphism, operator overloading, stream class, practical design
through object oriented programming.
Lab Outline
Object oriented programming environment, implementation of object
oriented programs: classes, methods, objects, abstract classes and
inheritance, overloading and overriding, class aggregation,
implementation of polymorphism, use of constructors and destructors,
memory management, testing and debugging.
Recommended platforms; Java, C++ or Python.
Recommended Books
1. Robert Lafore, “Object oriented programming using C++”, Fourth
Edition, 2001, Sams, ISBN-13: 978-0672323089.
2. Joshua Bloch, “Effective Java”, Second Edition, 2008, Addison
Wesley, ISBN-13: 978-0321356680.
29
3. Dusty Phillips, “Python 3 Object Oriented Programming”, First
Edition, 2010, Packet Publishing, ISBN-13: 978-1849511261.
Computer Aided Engineering Design 0+1
Objective
To introduce engineering drawing & simulation concepts using various
tools.
Lab Outline
Introduction to computer-aided design and simulation tools including
(AutoCAD/Solid Works). Provide an understanding of computer-aided
drafting principles and practices, and provide knowledge of engineering
drawing fundamentals using AutoCAD. Drawing of electrical machinery
and layouts of electronic assemblies.
Recommended Platforms
1. Auto Desk AutoCAD, SolidWorks
Engineering Foundation
Electric Workshop 0+1
Prerequisite None
Course Outline
Topics covered include: Introduction to technical facilities in a workshop
including mechanical and electrical equipment, concepts in electrical
safety, safety regulations, earthing concepts, electric shocks and
treatment, use of tools used by electricians, wiring regulations, types of
cables and electrical accessories including switches, plugs, circuit
breakers and fuses etc., UPS/ invertors and battery charging, industrial,
domestic and auto wiring, symbols for electrical wiring schematics, wiring
schemes of two-way, three-way and ringing circuits, electric soldering / de-
soldering, PCB design, transferring a circuit to PCB, etching, drilling and
soldering components on PCB.
Recommended Books
1. W.A.J. Chapman, “Workshop Technology”, Fourth Edition, 1972,
Elsevier Butter-worth Heinemann, ISBN-13: 978-0713132724.
2. Choudhry H. S. K., “Elements of Workshop Technology”, Vol-1,
Media Promoters, ISBN-13: 978-8185099149.
3. R.P. Sing, “Electrical Workshop: A Textbook”, Second Edition, 2008,
International Publishing House, ISBN-13: 978-8189866716.
30
Circuit Analysis 3+1
Prerequisite None
Objective
Introduce Basic Electrical Engineering concepts and to acquaint students
with the knowledge and the tools to analyze linear electric circuits.
Course Outline
Topics include: Electric quantities, electric circuits, Kirchhoff's laws, circuit
elements, resistance, series parallel combination, voltage and current
dividers, resistive bridges and ladders, practical sources and loading,
instrumentation and measurement, nodal analysis, loop analysis, linearity
and superposition, source transformation, circuit theorems, power
calculations, dependent sources, circuit analysis with dependent sources,
the operational amplifier, basic op-amp configurations, ideal op-amp
circuit analysis, summing and difference amplifiers, amplifier types,
capacitance, inductance, natural response of RC and RL circuits,
response to DC forcing function, transient response of first order circuits,
step, pulse and pulse train responses, first order op-amp circuits, transient
response and step response of second order circuits.
Lab Outline
Learn the use of basic instruments in electrical engineering such as
function generators, power supplies and oscilloscopes. Design and
implement circuits using R, RL and RC. Related concepts should also be
established through simulation using PSPICE, etc.
Recommended Books
1. C. Alexander and M. Sadiku, “Fundamentals of Electric Circuits”,
Fifth Edition, 2012, McGraw- Hill, ISBN-13: 978-0073380575.
2. J. D. Irwin and R. M. Nelms, “Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis”,
Ninth Edition, 2008, John Wiley, ISBN-13: 978-0470128695.
3. J.W. Nilsson and Susan A. Riedel, “Electric Circuits”, Ninth Edition,
2010, Addison-Wesley Publishing, ISBN-13: 978-0136114994.
4. Ronald E. Thomas, Albert J. Rosa, and Gregory J. Toussaint, “The
Analysis and Design of Linear Circuits”, Seventh Edition, 2011, John
Wiley, ISBN-13: 978-1118065587.
31
Network Analysis 3+1
Prerequisite Circuit Analysis
Objective
To equip the students with the knowledge and techniques of analyzing
electrical networks.
Course Outline
Topics covered include: Current and voltage transients, RLC circuits with
AC excitation, resonant circuit: series and parallel resonance in AC circuit,
Q-Factor, mutual inductance and transformers, introduction to phasor
representation of alternating voltage and current, single-phase circuit
analysis, star-delta transformation for DC and AC circuits, poly-phase
generators, phase sequence, vector diagrams for balance and
unbalanced three phase networks, power in three phase circuits and
different methods of its measurements, two-port networks and their
interconnections, application of Laplace transform in circuit analysis.
Lab Outline
Design and implement RLC circuits and observe resonance and
impedance characteristics. Verify the node voltages and loop currents in
RLC circuits using instruments. Verify Circuit-theorems using lab
instruments. Verify circuit transformations using lab instruments. Learn the
use of Circuit Simulation computer package such as SPICE.
Recommended Books
1. C. Alexander and M. Sadiku, “Fundamentals of Electric Circuits”,
Fifth Edition, 2012, McGraw- Hill, ISBN-13: 978-0073380575.
2. J. D. Irwin and R. M. Nelms, “Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis”,
Ninth Edition, 2008, Wiley, ISBN-13: 978- 0470128695.
3. J.W. Nilsson and Susan A. Riedel, “Electric Circuits”, Ninth Edition,
2010, Addison-Wesley Publishing, ISBN-13: 978-0136114994.
Digital Logic Design 3+1
Prerequisite None
Objective
Introduce the concepts for the designing and implementation of digital
logic circuits.
Course Outline
Topics include: Number Systems, Boolean Algebra, Logic Gates (AND,
OR, NOT etc.), Karnaugh Maps, QM Method, Combinational circuits, Half
32
& Full Adder and Subtractor, Comparator, Encoders, Decoders,
Multiplexer, De-multiplexer, Sequential Circuits, Flip Flop, (RS, JK, D, T,
Master Slave), State Transition Diagram, Counters, Registers, Memories,
PLAs, Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs).
Lab Outline
Basic logic gates. Verilog simulation and hardware implementation of
combinational circuits such as MUX/DEMUX, encoder/decoder, arithmetic
logic unit (ALU). Verilog simulation and hardware implementation of
sequential circuits such as flip-flops, registers, shift registers, counters,
implementation of logic circuits using SPLDs, and a project that solves a
real-life problem.
Recommended Books
1. M. Morris Mano, “Digital Design”, Fourth Edition, 2006, Prentice
Hall, ISBN-13: 978-0131989245.
2. Roger L. Tokheim, “Digital Electronics: Principles and Applications”,
Sixth Edition, 2003, McGraw-Hill, ISBN-13: 978-0078309823.
3. Thomas L. Floyd, “Digital Fundamental”, Tenth Edition, 2008,
Prentice Hall, ISBN-13: 978-0135057964.
4. Ronald J. Tocci, Neal Widmer and Greg Moss, “Digital Systems:
Principles and Applications”, Eleventh Edition, 2011, Prentice Hall,
ISBN-13: 978-0135103821.
5. M. Morris Mano, “Digital Logic and Computer Design
Fundamentals”, Fourth Edition, 2007, Prentice Hall, ISBN-13: 978-
0131989269.
Electromagnetic Theory 3+0
Prerequisite Applied Physics, Multivariable Calculus
Objective
Introduce the concepts and mathematical methods to understand and
analyze electromagnetic fields and waves.
Course Outline
Topics covered include: Review of Vector Analysis, Orthogonal
Coordinate Systems, Vector Calculus, Gradient, Divergence and Curl,
Helmholtz Theorem, Divergence theorem and applications, Stokes
theorem and applications, Greens’s Theorem and applications, Coulomb’s
Law, Gauss Law, Electric Flux Density, Poisson’s Value Problems,
Magnetic Fields, Current Density, Biot-Savart Law, Vector Magnetic
Potential, Magnetic Field Intensity, Boundary Conditions, Maxwell’s
33
Equations In Integral and Point Form, Poynting Vector, Plane Wave,
Propagation In Isotropic Media, and Simulation using standard tools.
Recommended Books
1. J. D. Kraus, “Electromagnetics”, Fourth Edition, 1991, John Wiley &
Sons, ISBN-13: 978-0070356214.
2. David K. Cheng, “Fundamentals of Engineering Electromagnetics”,
Pearson New International Edition, 2013, Pearson, ISBN-13: 978-
1292026589 .
3. William Hayt and John A. Buck, “Engineering Electromagnetics”,
Eighth Edition, 2011, McGraw-Hill, ISBN-13: 978-0073380667.
4. Sadiku, Matthew N, “Elements of Electromagnetics”, Fifth Edition,
2009, Oxford University Press, ISBN-13: 978-0195387759.
5. Umran S. Inan, Aziz Inan and Ryan Said, “Engineering
Electromagnetics and Waves”, Second Edition, 2014, Prentice Hall,
ISBN-13: 978-0132662741.
Electronic Devices & Circuits 3+1
Prerequisites Circuit Analysis, Applied Physics
Objective
The objective of this course is to teach the principles, operation and
characteristics of various electronic devices and their applications in
electronic circuits.
Course Outline
Topics include: Diodes, Forward & Reverse Characteristics of Diode,
Special Purpose Diodes, Equivalent Circuit of a Diode, Diode as a Switch,
Diode Applications, Half Wave & Full wave rectifiers, Clipper & Clamper
circuits, Bipolar Junction Transistor, Transistor Operation, Types of
Transistor, Transistor Biasing Configurations, Common Emitter, Common
Base, Common Collector, DC & AC analysis of BJT, Field Effect
Transistors, FET Biasing Techniques, Common Drain, Common Source,
Common Gate, Fixed Bias and Self Bias Configuration, Voltage Divider
Biasing, Universal JFET Bias Curve, DC & AC analysis of FETs.
Lab Outline
The emphasis is first on understanding the characteristics of basic circuits
including resistors, capacitors, diodes, bipolar and field effect transistors.
The students then use this understanding to construct more complex
circuits such as rectifier circuits and power supplies.
34
Recommended Book
1. A. S. Sedra and K. C. Smith,” Microelectronic Circuits”, Sixth Edition,
2009, Oxford University Press, ISBN-13: 978-0195323030.
2. Robert Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, “Electronic Devices and
Circuit Theory”, Eleventh Edition, 2012, Prentice Hall, ISBN-13: 978-
0132622264.
3. Robert Paynter, “Introductory Electronic Devices and Circuits:
Electron Flow Version”, Seventh Edition, 2005, Prentice Hall, ISBN-
13: 978-0131716414.
4. Richard Jaeger and Travis Blalock, “Microelectronic Circuit Design”,
Fourth Edition, 2010, McGraw-Hill, ISBN-13: 978-0073380452.
Communication Systems 3+1
Prerequisites Probability Methods in Engineering
Objective
To introduce the basic concepts of Linear and Non Linear Modulation
Schemes in the presence of Noise
Course Outline
Topics covered include: Introduction to Communication Model, Essential
BW of signal, Shannon’s equation, Distortion and equalization (With a brief
introduction of Fourier analysis, convolution and correlation concepts if
required), linear modulation (AM and its types), Exponential Modulation,
Demodulation and detection techniques, Transmission BW for AM & FM
signals, Pre-emphasis and de-emphasis circuits, Pulse Modulation and
Demodulation, Fundament concepts of probability and random processes,
Noise and its treatment, SNR of AM and FM.
Lab Outline
Implementation and understanding of analog and digital modulation
schemes and their spectra.
Recommended Book
1. B.P. Lathi, “Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems”,
Fourth Edition, 2009, Oxford University Press, ISBN-13: 978-
0195331455.
2. L. W. Couch, “Digital & Analog Communication Systems”, Eighth
Edition. 2014, Prentice Hall, ISBN-13: 978-7121200304.
3. S. Haykin, “Communication Systems”, Fifth Edition, 2009, Wiley,
ISBN-13: 978-0471697909.
4. A.B Carlson and Paul Crilly, “Communication Systems,” Fifth
Edition, 2009, McGraw-Hill, ISBN-13: 978-0073380407.
35
Signals & Systems 3+0
Prerequisite Differential Equations, Calculus &

Analytical Geometry
Objective
To provide understanding of signals, systems and transforms.
Course Outline
Topics include: Complex number and their applications, introduction to
continuous-time and discrete-time signals and systems, Linear time
invariant (LTI) systems, difference equation, causality, BIBO stability,
convolution and correlation, Fourier series and transforms, time and
frequency characterization of signals and systems, the sampling theorem,
aliasing, z-transform and introduction to discrete Fourier transform. Case
studies: communication systems, linear feedback systems and analog
filter.
Recommended Books
1. Alan V. Oppenheim, Alan S.Willsky and S.Hamid, “Signals and
Systems”, Second Edition, 1996, Prentice Hall, ISBN-13: 978-
0138147570.
2. Simon Haykin and Barry Van Veen, “Signals and Systems”, First
Edition, 1998, Wiley, ISBN-13: 978-0471138204.
3. B. P. Lathi, “Linear Systems and Signals”, Second Edition, 2004,
Oxford University Press, ISBN-13: 978-0195158335.
4. A. Anand Kumar, “Signals and Systems”, 2012, Prentice Hall, ISBN-
13: 978-8120345614.
Probability Methods in Engineering 3+0
Prerequisite Calculus & Analytical Geometry
Objective
To introduce the concepts of probabilistic methods and its applications to
telecommunications.
Course Outline
Topics covered include: Basic concept of probability, conditional
probability, independent events, Baye’s theorem, concept of random
variables, discrete and continuous one and two dimensional random
variables, probability distributions, marginal and joint distributions and
density functions, important probability distributions (Binomial, Poisson,
Uniform, Normal, Exponential and Hyper-geometric), mean, variance,
36
moments and moment generating functions, central limit theorem,
autocorrelation and cross-correlations.
Recommended Books
1. A. Leon-Garcia, “Probability and Random Processes For Electrical
Engineering”, Third Edition, 2008, Pearson Education, ISBN-13:
978-0131471221.
2. A. Popoulis and U. Pillai, “Probability Random Variable and
Stochastic Processes”, Fourth Edition, 2002, McGraw-Hill, ISBN-13:
978-0071226615.
3. J. Devore, “Probability and Statistics”, Eight Edition, 2011, John
Wiley & Sons, ISBN-13: 978-0538733526.
4. Douglas C. Montgomery and George C. Runger, “Applied Statistics
and Probability for Engineers”, Fifth Edition, 2010, John Wiley,
ISBN-13: 978-0470910610.
37
Major Based Core (Breadth)
Digital Communications 3+1
Prerequisite Communication Systems
Objective
This course emphasizes the mathematical design of digital modulation
techniques and the evaluation of their performance in an AWGN channel.
Course Outline
Topics include: Digital modulation techniques, Amplitude Shift Keying
(ASK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), and Phase Shift Keying (PSK),
differential encoding and M-ary signaling, performance of M-ary Signaling,
pulse shapes, matched filters, eye diagram, performance (BER and
bps/Hz) comparisons of modulation schemes in band limited and non-
band limited channels, forward error correction codes, basic concepts of
information theory, cellular systems, diversity and multiple access
techniques.
Lab Outline
Following the theoretical guidelines, perform practicals for various
modulation schemes on trainers and software. A design example to carry
out performance comparisons of various modulation schemes based on
bit error rate calculations or PSD plots.
Recommended Books
1. J. G. Proakis and M. Salehi, “Digital Communications”, Fifth Edition,
2007, McGraw Hill, ISBN: 978-0072957167.
2. B. Sklar, “Digital Communications”, Second Edition, 2001, Prentice
Hall, ISBN: 978-0130847881.
3. L. W. Couch, “Digital and Analog Communication Systems”, Eighth
Edition, 2012, Prentice Hall, ISBN: 978-0132915380.
4. S. Haykin, “Digital Communication Systems”, First Edition, 2013,
Wiley, ISBN: 978-0471647355.
Microprocessors and Microcontrollers 3+1
Prerequisite Digital Logic Design
Objective
Teach the architecture, programming, interfacing, and applications of
microprocessors and microcontrollers.
38
Course Outline
Topics covered include: Introduction to microprocessors, instruction set
architecture (ISA), assembly language programming, hardware model,
read/write cycles, exception/interrupt processing, memory systems, I/O
devices, DMA, interfacing to memory and I/O devices, analog-to-digital
and digital-to-analog converters, Introduction to microcontrollers,
Application, Basic Core Architecture, and Pin Configuration,
microcontroller instruction set and programming, Handling of Timers,
Counter and Interrupts, Serial Communication, RS-232 protocol,
Interfacing of devices including ADC 0804 & ADC 0808, DAC, Keypad
interfacing, Stepper motor and LCD, Introduction to PIC microcontrollers.
Lab Outline
Study of microprocessor ISA using its training boards, implementation of
interfacing techniques (using gates, decoders, and SPLDs) to memory
system and different I/O devices, learning and implementation of interrupt-
driven I/O, learning and implementation of simple microcontroller based
circuits and semester mini projects.
Recommended Books
1. Barry B. Brey, “The Intel Microprocessors: 8086/8088,
80186/80188, 80286, 80386, 80486, Pentium, Pentium Pro
Processor, Pentium II, Pentium III, Pentium 4”, Eighth Edition, 2008,
2. Douglas V. Hall, “Microprocessor and Interfacing: Programming and
Hardware”, Second Edition, 1991, Tata McGraw-Hill, ISBN-13: 978-
0070257429.
3. Han-Way Huang, “PIC Microcontroller: An Introduction to Software
& Hardware Interfacing”, First Edition, 2004, Thomson Delmar
Learning, ISBN-13: 978-1401839673.
4. Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Janice Mazidi and Rolin McKinlay, “8051
Microcontroller and Embedded Systems”, Second Edition, 2005,
5. J. W. Valvano , “Embedded Systems: Introduction to Arm®
Cortex(TM)-M3 Microcontrollers (Volume 1)”, Fifth Edition, 2012,
Create Space Independent Publishing Platform, ISBN-13: 978-
1477508992.
6. J. W. Valvano,” Embedded Systems: Real-Time Interfacing to Arm®
Cortex(TM)-M Microcontrollers”, Create Space Independent
Publishing Platform, 2011, ISBN-13: 978-1463590154.
39
Digital Signal Processing 3+1
Prerequisite Signals and Systems
Course Outline
Topics include: Discrete-time signal and its representation, Discrete-time
signals and systems, Time-domain analysis of discrete-time signals,
Frequency-domain analysis, Discrete-time Fourier series, Discrete-time
Fourier transform, System response and frequency response, Z-transform
and its properties, Solution of difference equations using Z-Transform,
DFT and FFT algorithms, Implementation of Discrete-Time systems,
Digital filter design, FIR and IIR filters.
Lab Outline
Laboratory experiments should be designed to train the student to perform
signal processing concepts and digital filters designing using any DSP/
processor trainer and Matlab coding/Simulink modeling.
Recommended Books
1. John G. Proakis and Dimitris K Manolakis, “Digital Signal
Processing- Principles, Algorithms and Applications”, Fourth
Edition, 2006, Prentice Hall, ISBN-13: 978-0131873742.
2. A. V. Oppenheim and R. W. Schafer, “Discrete-Time Signal
Processing,” Third Edition, 2009, Prentice Hall. ISBN-13: 978-
0131988422.
3. Richard Lyons, “Understanding Digital Signal Processing”, Third
Edition, 2010, Prentice Hall. ISBN-13: 978-0137027415.
Amplifiers and Oscillators 3+1
Prerequisite Electronic Devices and Circuits,

Network Analysis
Objective
To introduce the student to the basic concepts of electronic amplification
and Oscillation as key building blocks in telecommunication system.
Course Outline
Topics covered include: Amplifier analysis, Transistor as an amplifier,
hybrid model of a transistor, small-signal analysis, large-signal analysis,
gain calculation of single-stage amplifier, cascading, multistage gain
calculations, Classification of amplifiers on the basis of biasing – Class A
amplifier, Class B amplifier, Class AB amplifier, Class C amplifier, push-
pull amplifier, complementary symmetry amplifier, Classification of
40
amplifiers on the basis of coupling – RC-coupled amplifier, transformer-
coupled amplifier, direct-coupled amplifier, Classification of amplifiers on
the basis of frequency – Audio-frequency amplifier, radio-frequency
amplifier, tuned amplifiers, Voltage and current feedback amplifier, Effect
of feedback on frequency response, Practical amplifier considerations –
Input and output impedance, amplifier loading, impedance matching, Op
Amp, Oscillators – Basic theory, tank circuit, damped and undamped
oscillations, phase-shift oscillator, Colpitt oscillator, Hartley oscillator,
Wein Bridge oscillator and Clapp oscillator.
Lab Outline
Transistor curve tracer, AC voltage dividers, characterization and design
of emitter and source followers, characterization and design of AC
variable-gain amplifier, design of test circuits for BJTs and FETs, design
of FET ring oscillators, design and characterization of emitter-coupled
transistor pairs, tuned amplifier and oscillator, design of oscillators.
Recommended Books
1. Thomas Floyd and David M.Buchla, “Electronics Fundamentals:
Circuits, Devices, and Applications”, Eighth Edition, 2009, Prentice
Hall, ISBN-13: 978 – 0135072950.
2. Thomas Floyd and David Buchla, “Basic Operational Amplifiers and
Linear Integrated Circuits”, Second Edition, 1998, Prentice Hall,
ISBN-13: 978-0130829870.
3. Richard C. Jaeger and Travis Blalock, “Microelectronic Circuit
Design”, Fifth Edition, 2015, McGraw Hill, ISBN-13: 978-
1259252457.
4. Adel S. Sedra and Kenneth C. Smith, “Microelectronic Circuits”,
Seventh Edition, 2014, Oxford University Press, ISBN-13: 978-
0199339136
Control Systems 2+1
Prerequisite Differential Equations
Objective
To introduce the basic concepts of feedback & control in the analysis and
design of telecommunication system.
Course Outline
Topics include: Classification of open and closed loop control, advantages
and disadvantages, effects of feedback, examples including
servomechanism, system model and characterization, block diagrams and
canonical form, examples of control systems from telecom applications
41
such as satellite tracking, LNAV/VNAV in aviation, flight control systems,
heading tracking, signal flow graphs, DE and Laplace transforms, transfer
function, poles and zeros, time domain analysis, steady-state error using
static error coefficient method, dynamic error constant method, feedback
characteristics of control systems, sensitivity of control systems, basic
action of controllers (Proportional, Integral, PI and PID controllers),
stability assessment (Routh, Bode,, Nyquist, Nichols chart),
Compensation and compensator design for telecommunications
applications and state space.
Recommended Books
1. S. Ghosh, “Control Systems: Theory and Applications”, First Edition,
2009, Pearson, ISBN-13: 978-8131708286.
2. R. C. Dorf and R. H. Bishop, “Modern Control systems”, Twelfth
Antennas and Wave Propagation 3+1
Prerequisite Electromagnetic Theory,

Network Analysis
Course Outline
Topics include: Radiation fundamentals and antenna parameters –
radiated power, radiation resistance, radiation efficiency, input impedance,
radiation pattern, directivity and gain, linear antennas, matching and
feeding networks, antenna arrays, aperture antennas, microstrip
antennas, broadband antennas, antennas in wireless technology,
properties of receiving antennas – reciprocity, effective antenna area and
radar cross section, radio wave propagation, effects of ground and
atmosphere on propagation.
Lab Outline
Practical Demonstration of Wave propagation using trainer and through
simulation using numerical electromagnetic software (Microwave Office,
HFSS, CST, etc.). Practical demonstration of antennas (various types).
Calculation of VSWR, Smith chart evaluations and S-parameter
understanding.
Recommended Books
1. Constantine A. Balanis, “Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design”,
Third Edition, 2005, Wiley, ISBN-13: 978-0471667827.
2. John D. Kraus and Ronald J. Marhefka, “Antennas”, Third Edition,
2001, McGraw-Hill, ISBN-13: 978-0071232012.
42
Major Based Core (Depth)
Computer Communication Networks 3 + 1
Prerequisite None
Objective
Identify different applications of computer communications networks and
understand the current state of the telecommunications industry.
Course Outline
The topics covered include: what Is the Internet? The network edge, the
network core, delay, loss, and throughput in packet-switched networks,
protocol layers and their service models, networks under attack, history of
computer networking and the Internet, principles of network applications,
the web and HTTP, FTP, transport-layer services, UDP, principles of
reliable data transfer, TCP, network layer, Internet Protocol (IP), link layer
services, error-detection and correction techniques, wireless and mobile
networks, wireless links and network characteristics, Wi-Fi: 802.11
wireless LANs, cellular Internet access, multimedia networking
applications, streaming stored audio and video, making the best of the
best-effort service, protocols for real-time interactive applications,
providing multiple classes of service and providing Quality of Service
guarantees.
Lab Outline
Ethernet star network performance evaluation using simulation software,
switch configuration, creating different connectors, router configuration,
etc.
Recommended Books
1. J. F. Kurose and K. W. Ross, “Computer Networking: A Top-Down
Approach”, Sixth Edition, 2012, Pearson, ISBN-13: 978-
0132856201.
2. Douglas E. Comer, “Computer Networks and Internets”, Sixth
Edition, 2014, Addison-Wesley, ISBN-13: 978-0133587937.
3. A. S. Tananbaum and D. J. Wetherall, “Computer Networks”, Fifth
43
Transmission and Switching Systems 3+1
Prerequisites Communication Systems
Objective
To impart the knowledge of transmission, switching, access network, MUX
standards, switching modes, telecom networks, exchange hierarchy,
signaling, telecom management and enterprise networks.
Course Outline
Topics covered include: Digital Telephone Network basics, PSTN, PLMN,
dB in Communications, Power Levels, digital over analog transmission,
principle of speech digitization, Voice Compression and Transmission,
Asynchronous/Synchronous Transmission, Line Coding, Error Coding,
Time Division Multiplexing, Space Division Multiplexing, Statistical Time
Division Multiplexing, PDH and SDH multiplexing hierarchies, exchange
hierarchy, PBX, Blocking Probabilities, 4-wire switching, Switch Matrix
Control, Time and Space Division Switching, Two-dimensional Switching,
Toll Switch, Digital Cross Connect & Digital Switching, types of switching,
basic functions of typical digital switching exchanges software structure of
SPC digital switches, Line Codes for Fiber Optic Transmission, routing
techniques, software life cycle, Channel SS7 signaling components ,
intelligent Networks Associated Signaling (CAS) and Common Channel
Signaling (CCS) ITU’s Common Channel Signaling System #7 (CCS7 Or
SS7, broadband implementation in commercial exchange and introduction
to soft switches.
Lab Outline
Practical demonstration and exercise of telephone switching, call routing,
signaling, trunking, numbering plan and charging of calls. IP telephony,
router programming
Recommended Books
1. J. E. Flood, “Telecommunication Switching, Traffic and Networks”
First Edition, 1995, Prentice Hall, ISBN-13: 978-0130333094.
2. John Bellamy, “Digital Telephony”, Third Edition, 2000, Wiley
Interscience, ISBN-13: 978-0471345718.
3. Roger L. Freeman, “Telecommunications Transmission Handbook”,
Fourth Edition, 1998, Wiley , ISBN-13: 978-0471672487.
4. David R. Smith, “Digital Transmission Systems”, Third Edition, 2012,
Springer, ISBN-13: 978-1461347262.
44
Microwave Engineering 3+1
Prerequisite Antennas and Wave Propagation
Objective
Introduction to microwave devices and propagation.
Course Outline
Topics to be covered include: review of Maxwell’s equations, field in media
and boundary conditions, the plane wave, reflection from media (dielectric,
conductor) boundary, loss in conductors, surface resistance, energy,
power, transmission line theory, the lossless line, terminated line, Smith’s
chart, quarter wave transformer, lossy transmission line, general solution
of waveguides, TEM TE and TM modes, TE and TM solution in rectangular
waveguide, TEM modes on coaxial line and Strip-line structure, Quasi-
TEM on Micro-strip line, characteristic impedance and loss calculations,
microwave network analysis, impedance and equivalent voltage and
current, impedance matrix, the scattering matrix, signal flow graphs,
microwave matching networks, lumped single stub and double stub
matching, microwave resonators, properties of series and parallel
resonator, transmission line resonator, waveguide resonator, dielectric
resonator, resonator coupling, microwave power dividers and couplers,
properties of three port and four ports networks, Wilkinson’s power divider,
hybrid coupler quadrature, coupled line coupler and introduction to
microwave active devices.
Lab Outline
Strip line and slot line practical demonstration, practical’s on waveguides
and microwave detectors, Smith chart computation, etc.
Recommended Book
D. M. Pozar, “Microwave Engineering”, Fourth Edition, 2011, Wiley, ISBN-
13: 978-0470631553.
Wireless Technologies and RF Planning 2+0
Prerequisites None
Objective
Familiarization with existing and emerging wireless standards and RF
planning.
Course Outline
The topics covered include: channel structure, signal flow, operation and
maintenance features vis-à-vis cellular and WLAN/WMAN/WPAN
45
technologies, wireless network planning process, RF environment
introduction and propagation model, antenna and feeder system, link
budget, capacity theory, site survey, network optimization process,
signaling trace, access optimization, handoff optimization, power control
optimization, drop call optimization, drive test, and introduction to
advanced tools for network planning, simulation and optimization
Recommended Books
1. A. Ghosh, J. Zhang, J. G. Andrews and R. Muhamed,
“Fundamentals of LTE”, First Edition, 2010, Prentice Hall, ISBN-13:
978-0137033119.
2. Y. Xiao and Y. Pan, “Emerging Wireless LANs, Wireless PANs, and
Wireless MANS: IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15, 802.16 Wireless
Standard Family”, First Edition, 2009, Wiley, ISBN-13: 978-
0471720690.
3. D. M. Dobkin, “RF Engineering for Wireless Networks”, First Edition,
2004, Newnes, ISBN-13: 978-0750678735.
4. H. Hammuda, “Cellular Mobile Radio Systems: Designing Systems
for Capacity Optimization”, First Edition, 1998, Wiley, ISBN-13: 978-
0471956419.
5. J. Wheat, R.Hiser, J. Tucker, A. Neely and A. McCullough,
“Designing a Wireless Network: Understanding How Wireless
Communication Works”, First Edition, 2001, Syngress, ISBN-13:
978-1928994459.
Optical Fiber Communications 3+1
Prerequisites Electromagnetic Theory
Objective
Understand optical fiber propagation, device characteristics and use of
optical fiber as a transmission medium.
Course Outline
Introduction to optical fiber communications, basic principles, Snells law,
numerical aperture, Fresnel loss, fiber types, single mode and multimode,
optical fiber losses, (attenuation, dispersion, polarization), special optical
fibers, light sources (LED, LASER), light detection (p-i-n and APD),
components and connectors, link budget calculations (power based and
rise time based), receiver design considerations (IM/DD and Coherent
systems), modulation schemes, receiver performance (BER and Eye
Diagram) optical measurement (e.g., OTDR) optical DWDM systems,
examples from commercial implementations, e.g., TAT-9, TAT-14, optical
amplifiers, EPON, GPON and introduction to FSO.
46
Lab Outline
Familiarization with fiber characteristics, sources, detectors, OTDR,
splicing, transmission (WDM), using hardware and software tools.
Recommended Books
1. J. Senior, “Optical Fiber Communications: Principles and Practice”,
Third Edition, 2008, Prentice Hall, ISBN-13: 978-0130326812.
2. G. Keiser, “Optical Fiber Communications”, Fourth Edition, 2010,
McGraw Hill, ISBN-13: 978-0073380711.
3. J. Ahmed, M. Y. Siyal, F. Adeel and A. Hussain, “Optical Signal
Processing by Silicon Photonics”, First Edition, 2013, Springer,
ISBN-13: 978-9814560108.
4. G. P. Agrawal, “Fiber-Optic Communication Systems”, Fourth
Edition, 2010, Wiley, ISBN-13: 978-0470505113.
Final Year Design Project I 0+3
Outline
To give the students a chance to show case their technical capabilities by
applying their theoretical and practical knowledge in the field of R&D.
Final Year Design Project II 0+3
Outline
To give the students a chance to show case their technical capabilities by
applying their theoretical and practical knowledge in the field of R&D.
List of MBC Electives
Multimedia Systems 3+0
Prerequisite None
Objective
To study various media types including text, images, speech, audio, video
and compression techniques.
Course Outline
Topics covered include: multimedia systems, multimedia networks and
applications, networking terminology, digitizing principles, text, image
audio, video information representation, text and image compression
techniques (JPEG, MPEG), audio and video compression standards for
47
multimedia communication, construction of 3-D images and videos,
transport of high definition video signals and VoD.
Recommended Books
1. Fred Halsall, “Multimedia Communications: Applications, Networks,
Protocols and Standards”, First Edition, 2000, Addison-Wesley,
ISBN: 978-0201398182.
2. Y. Wang, J. Ostermann and Y-Q Zhang, “Video Processing and
Communications”, First Edition, 2001, Prentice Hall, ISBN: 978-
0130175472.
Satellite Communications 3+0
Prerequisite None
Objective
Understand the basics of satellite communication, orbits, types of satellites
and communication modes.
Course Outline
Topics covered include: principles of satellite communication, uplink and
downlink frequencies, types of satellites, orbital mechanics, introduction,
Kepler’s laws, orbital elements, perturbations and antennas, polarization,
the space segment, power supply, altitude control, station keeping,
thermal control, TT&C subsystem, transponders, antenna subsystem, the
earth segment, receive-only home TV systems, transmit/receive earth
stations, the space links, equivalent isotropic radiated power, transmission
losses, link power budget equation, system noise, carrier-to-noise ratio,
interference between satellite circuits, combined (C/I) due to interference
on uplink and downlink, antenna gain function, pass band interference,
multiple access techniques, direct broadcast satellite (DBS) services,
MSAT, VSATs, and GPS.
Recommended Books
1. G. Maral, M. Bousquet and Z. Sun, “Satellite Communications
Systems: Systems, Techniques and Technology”, Fifth Edition,
2010, Wiley, ISBN: 978-0470714584.
2. T. Pratt, C. W. Bostian and J. E. Allnutt, “Satellite Communications”,
Second Edition, 2002, Wiley, ISBN: 978-0471370079.
Telecom Standards & Regulations 3+0

Prerequisite None
Objective
Familiarization with ICT, its economic, political and socio-cultural impact
at international/local level.
48
Course Outline
Topics include: Introduction to ICT Basic Concepts and Selected
Regulatory Terminologies, Pakistan Telecom Background/Historical
Perspective, Introduction to and Functioning of Telecom Regulatory
Stakeholders in Pakistan, Telecom Deregulation and Liberalization,
Regulating for Effective Competition, Process of legislation in Pakistan
and Introduction to Telecom Policies, Act, Rules and Regulations,
Introduction to / Familiarization with International/ Regional Telecom
Organizations / Bodies, Introduction to Telecom Standards and Protocols.
Recommended Books
1. The Association of Progressive Communications (APC) ICT Policy
Handbook 2009
2. Telecommunication Regulations Handbook 2011, published by
World Bank/info Dev; Chapters 1 & 2, soft copy available at
www.worldbank.org
Telecom Traffic Engineering 3 + 0
Prerequisite Probability Methods in Engineering
Objective
Introduce basic concepts of traffic engineering, modeling and
management.
Course Outline
Topics covered include: Poisson process, Markov processes, birth-death
processes, purpose of tele traffic theory, tele traffic models, classical
model for telephone traffic, classical model for data traffic,
telecommunication networks, network level - switching and routing, link
level - multiplexing and concentration, shared media - multiple access,
circuit switched network modeled as a loss network, packet switched
network modeled as a queuing network, traffic measurements, traffic
variations, traditional modeling of telephone traffic, traditional modeling of
data traffic, simple tele traffic model, Poisson model, Erlang model,
binomial models, Engset model M/M/1, M/M/n, generation of traffic
process realizations, generation of random variable realizations, collection
of data, statistical analysis, network planning, traffic forecasts,
dimensioning, MPLS traffic management, IP-networks, traffic and
congestion control in the Internet and QoS architectures in the Internet.
49
Recommended Books
1. T. Viswanathan, “Telecommunication Switching Systems and
Networks”, First Edition, 2004, Prentice Hall, ISBN: 978-
8120307131.
2. J. C. Bellamy, “Digital Telephony”, Third Edition, 2000, Wiley, ISBN:
978-0471345718.
3. Chee Hock Ng, Soong Boon-Hee, “Queueing Modelling
Fundamentals: With Applications in Communication Networks”,
Second Edition, 2008, Wiley-Interscience, ISBN: 9780470519578.
4. G. Giabene, “Queuing Theory and Telecommunications: Networks
and Applications”, Second Edition, 2014, Springer, ISBN: 978-
1461440833.
5. Donald Gross, John F. Shortle, James M. Thompson, Carl M. Harris,
“Fundamentals of Queueing Theory”, Fourth Edition, 2008, Wiley-
Interscience, ISBN: 9780471791270.
6. Leonard Kleinrock, “Queueing Systems (Volume I): Theory,” John
Wiley & Sons, 1975. ISBN: 0471491101
Next Generation Networks 3+0
Prerequisite Communication Systems
Objective
To impart knowledge of important areas of NGNs.
Course Outline
Topics include: NGN standardization by ITU, fixed and mobile broadband
as basis for NGN, NGN architectures, NGN services, QoS and IMS for
NGN deployments, VoIP and IPTV services over NGN, Internet of
Everything, VPN in NGN, IPv6-based NGN, migration scenarios from
legacy networks to NGN, business approaches and regulation for NGN,
future networks as defined by ITU, including network virtualization,
software defined networking, smart ubiquitous networks, big data issues,
OTT service providers versus Telco service models, impact of M2M in the
future, convergence of regulation towards future networks, cloud
computing, including ITU's framework, cloud ecosystem, architectures and
cloud service models, cloud security, OTT cloud services, Telco cloud
implementations, mobile cloud computing services and applications, as
well as business and regulation aspects for cloud computing.
Recommended Books
1. Wilkinson, N., “Next generation networks services: Technologies
and strategies”, 2002, John Wiley & Sons. 196 p. ISBN 0-47148667.
50
2. Ohrtman, F D. “Softswitch Architecture for VoIP”, 2003: McGraw-
Hill, 359 p. ISBN 0-071409777.
3. Mueller, S M., “APIs and Protocols for Convergent Network
Services”, 2002, McGraw-Hill, 445 p. ISBN 0-07138880X.
4. Hu Hanrahan, “Network Convergence: services, Applications,
Transport, and Operations Support”, 2007, John Wiley & Sons.
ISBN-13: 978-0470024416.
Network Security 3+0
Prerequisite None
Objective
To introduce the fundamental concepts of network information security
and management, including encryption, secure access methods, and
vulnerabilities in network protocols, operating systems, and network
applications.
Course Outline
Topics covered include: web security, security standards, intruders and
viruses, firewalls, Shannon’s theory of perfect secrecy, shift and product
cipher, Vernon’s one-time pad; secret key and public/private key
cryptography, cryptographic hashes and message digests, authentication
systems (Kerberos), digital signatures and certificates, Kerberos and
X.509v3 digital certificates, PGP and S/MIME for electronic mail security,
current network security publications and web sites.
Recommended Books
1. William Stallings, “Network Security Essentials: Applications and
Standards”, Fifth Edition, 2013, Prentice Hall, ISBN: 978-
0133370430.
2. C. Kaufman, R. Perlman and M. Speciner, “Network Security:
Private Communication in a Public World”, Second Edition, 2002,
Prentice Hall, ISBN: 978-0130460196.
3. Keith M. Martin, “Everyday Cryptography: Fundamental Principles
and Applications”, First Edition, 2012, Oxford university press,
ISBN-13: 978-0199695591.
Radar Systems Engineering 3+0
Prerequisite None
Objective
To determine the location of stationary and moving targets.
51
Course Outline
Topics covered include: operation, range equation, frequencies,
parameters and prediction of range performance, minimum detectable
signal, receiver, signal to noise ratio, integration of radar pulses, radar
cross section, transmitter power, antenna parameters, system losses,
propagation effects, radar clutters, CW and frequency modulated radar,
MTI and pulse Doppler radar, tracking radar, radar transmitters, antennas,
receivers, displays and duplexers, detection criteria, detector
characteristics, performance of radar operator, automatic detection,
atmospheric echoes and detection of target in clutter.
Recommended Books
1. B. Edde, “Radar: Principles Technology and Applications”, First
Edition, 1992, Prentice Hall, ISBN: 978-0137523467.
2. M. Skolnik, “Introduction to Radar Systems”, Third Edition, 2002,
McGraw Hill, ISBN: 978-0072881387.
3. Merrill Skolnik, “Radar Handbook”. Third Edition, 2008, McGraw-
Hill, ISBN: 978-0071485470.
4. Mark A. Richards, James A. Scheer and William A. Holm, “Principles
of Modern Radar”, 2010, Scitech Publishing Inc., 978-1891121524.
5. George W. Stimson, “Introduction to Airborne Radar (Aerospace &
Radar Systems)”, 1998, Scitech Publishing Inc., 978-1891121012.
6. Bassem R. Mahafza, “Radar Systems Analysis and Design Using
MATLAB”, Third Edition, 2013, CRC Press, 978-1439884959.
7. Fulvio Gini, Antonio De Maio and Lee K. Patton, “Waveform Design
and Diversity for Advanced Radar Systems”, 2012, IET Publishers,
978-1849192651.
Telecommunication Network Management 3+0

Prerequisite None
Objective
To be aware of concepts of telecommunication management networks,
architecture, design, methodology and its alarm management.
Course Outline
Topics covered include: TNM architecture, functional architecture,
physical architecture and information, logical layered architecture, TNM
relationship with other management approaches, requirements, analysis,
52
class diagrams, alarm management information object classes,
inheritance and relationship between alarm list and information, IRP
operations, generic rules, TNM design, eTOM, NGOSS, ITIL, managing
next generation networks, ITU-T M.3100 information model, G.803, CMIP,
F-interface architecture, SNMP, packet types and fundamentals of RF
planning.
Recommended Books
1. S. Aidarous and T. Plevyak,“Telecommunications Network
Management: Technologies and Implementations”, First Edition,
1997, Wiley-IEEE Press, ISBN: 978-0780334540.
2. H-G. Hegering, S. Abeck, B. Neumair,“Integrated Management of
Networked Systems: Concepts, Architectures and their Operational
Application”, First Edition, 1999, Morgan Kaufmann, ISBN: 978-
0123911100.
List of ID Electives
Numerical Methods in Engineering 2+1
Prerequisite None
Objective
To introduce the student to numerical solution of mathematical problems.
Course Outline
Topics covered include: Floating point number system, error analysis,
solutions of equations, interpolation, splines, numerical differentiation and
integration, numerical methods in linear algebra, system of linear
equations, method of least squares, eigenvalues, eigenvectors, solution of
ordinary and partial differential equations.
Recommended Book
Erwin Kreyszig, “WIE Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, Ninth Edition,
2010, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN-13: 978-0470647653.
Operating Systems 2+1

Prerequisite None
Objective
To provide concepts of different operating systems.
53
Course Outline
Topics covered include: Overview of computer system and operating
system, process description and control, process scheduling, threads,
symmetric multiprocessing, mutual exclusion and critical section, lost
update problem, busy waiting versus blocking, Peterson’s algorithm,
interrupt disabling and spin lock, semaphore, partitioning, paging and
segmentation, virtual memory, address translation and page fault
handling, page table and translation look aside buffer, memory
management algorithms, fetch policy, replacement policy, resident set
management, I/O devices, organization of I/O function, I/O buffering, disk
scheduling, RAID, organization of files and directories, secondary storage
management, file systems, and modern operating systems.
Lab Outline
Understand the working of different operating systems and try to develop
one.
Recommended Books
1. Andrew Tanenbaum and Albert Woodhull,” Operating Systems
Design and Implementation”, Third Edition, 2006, Prentice Hall,
ISBN-13: 978-0131429383.
2. Andrew Tanenbaum, “Modern Operating Systems”, Third Edition,
2007, Prentice Hall, ISBN-13: 978-0136006633.
3. William Stalling, “Operating Systems: Internals and Design
Principles”, Eighth Edition, 2014, Prentice Hall, ISBN-13: 978-
0133805918.
4. Abraham Silberschatz, Peter B. Galvin and Greg Gagne, “Operating
System Concepts”, Eighth Edition, 2008, Wiley, ISBN-13: 978-
0470128725.
VLSI Systems 2+1

Prerequisite None
Objective
Examines the device and circuit level optimization of digital building
blocks.
Course Outline
Topics include: MOS device models including Deep Sub-Micron effects,
circuit design styles for logic, arithmetic and sequential blocks, estimation
54
and minimization of energy consumption, interconnect models and
parasitics, device sizing and logical effort, timing issues (clock skew and
jitter) and active clock distribution techniques, memory architectures,
circuits (sense amplifiers) and devices and testing of integrated circuits.
Lab Outline
Extensive use of circuit layout and SPICE in design projects and software
laboratories.
Recommended Book
Rabaey, Jan, Anantha Chandrakasan and Bora Nikolic, “Digital Integrated
Circuits: A Design Perspective”, Second Edition, 2003, Prentice Hall,
ISBN-13: 978-0130909961.
Data Structures and Algorithms 2+1
Prerequisite Introduction to Computing
Objective
Introduce the student to different data structures, simple sorting and
searching algorithms.
Course Outline
Topics covered include: Fundamental data structures, data types, abstract
data types, user defined data types, algorithms and their complexity, time-
space trade off, arrays, records and pointers, matrices, linked lists, circular
lists, two way lists, sequential (array) and linked implementation of stacks
and queues, polish notation, recursion, towers of Hanoi, recursive
implementation of stacks and queues, priority queues, tree, binary tree,
binary search tree, traversals, threaded trees, heap, general trees, graphs,
depth-first/breadth first traversal, adjacency matrix, shortest distance
algorithms, sorting, insertion sort, selection sort, merge sort, radix sort),
hashing, searching: (linear search, binary search, depth first / breadth first
search.
Lab Outline
Implementation using simple programs for basic arrays, single
dimensional arrays, two dimensional arrays, various algorithms
implementation, implementation of simple data structure like array,
implementation of stacks, queues and priority queues, linked list, doubly
linked list, circular linked list, tree searching algorithms, hash algorithms
55
implementation, simple sorting techniques including bubble sorting and
selection sorting, advanced searching schemes including binary searching
and quick searching.
Recommended Books
1. Robert Lafore, “Data Structures and Algorithms in Java”, Second
2. Robert Lafore, “Object-Oriented Programming in C++”, Fourth
Embedded Systems 2+1
Prerequisite Microprocessors and

Microcontrollers
Objective
The objective of this course is to implement the concepts developed in
Microprocessor and Interfacing techniques course.
Course Outline
Topics include: Introduction to Embedded Systems, Hardware
Architecture of Embedded Systems, Programming Model of Embedded
Systems, I/O Port structure and Memory Organization, Serial and Parallel
Interface, Timers and Interrupt Handling, Software Design for Embedded
Systems, Single Board Computer, Software Development Tools,
Hardware Interfacing and Introduction to AVR Microcontrollers.
Lab Outline
Theory related concepts should be implemented using hardware trainers.
e.g., BGC, Midas, etc.
Recommended Books
1. I. Scott MacKenzie, “The 8051 Microcontroller”, Fourth Edition,
2006, Prentice Hall, ISBN-13: 978-0130195623.
2. Criag Steiner, “The 8051/8052 Microcontroller Architecture,
Assembly Language and Hardware Interfacing”, 2005, Universal
Publishers, ISBN-13: 978-1581124590.
3. Kalrasanjeev Kumar Kalra and Alka Kalra, “Architecture and
Programming of 8051 Microcontrollers”, 2010, MikroElektronika,
ISBN-13: 978-9380386317.
56
Artificial Intelligence 2+1
Prerequisite None
Objective
Introduce the student to fundamentals of AI.
Course Outline
Topics covered include: Introduction to Artificial Intelligence, Basic
elements of AI, history, applications and classification of techniques used,
Production Systems and Search, State Space Search, Heuristic Search,
Knowledge Representation, Procedural Knowledge Representation
versus Declarative Knowledge, Reasoning, Facts, Representing
Knowledge using Rules, Logic Programming, Common Sense and
Statistical Reasoning, How to deal with Agents and their Beliefs, Use of
Certainty Factors in Rule-Based Systems, Associating probabilities to
assertions in first-order logic, Bayesian Networks, Expert Systems,
development methodology, knowledge representation, inference, forward
chaining, backward chaining, production systems and rule based expert
systems, Goal driven problem reasoning and data driven reasoning.
Lab Outline
Programming in PROLOG or LISP. Exercises of AI in PROLOG or LISP.
Develop an Expert System.
Recommended Books
1. Stuart J. Russell and Peter Norvig, “Artificial Intelligence: A Modern
Approach”, Third Edition, 2009, Prentice Hall, ISBN-13: 978-
0136042594.
2. Elaine Rich and Kevin Knight, “Artificial Intelligence”, Second
Edition, 1990, McGraw-Hill, ISBN-13: 978-0070522633.
3. R. J. Schalkoff, “Artificial Intelligence in Engineering Approach”,
1990, McGraw Hill, ISBN-13: 978-0070550841.
4. Peter Jackson, “Introduction to Expert Systems”, Third Edition,
1998, Addison Wesley, ISBN-13: 978-0201876864.
5. Ivan Bratko, “Prolog Programming for Artificial Intelligence”, Fourth
Edition, 2011, Addison Wesley, ISBN-13: 978-0321417466.
57
Reliability in Telecommunication Systems 2+0
Prerequisite None
Objective
Familiarize student with metrics involved in determining reliability of
systems.
Course Outline
Topics include: Introduction, basic reliability concepts, kinds of failure, the
reliability function, catastrophic-failure models, combinational reliability,
system reliability, effects of repair, mathematical design, statement of
design problem in mathematical terms, yield and drift reliability, methods
for computing probability of system success and optimization techniques
Recommended Book
Peter W. Becker and Finn B. Jensen, “Design of Systems and Circuits for
Maximum reliability and production yield”, 1977, Wiley Publishers, ISBN-
13: 978-0070042308.
58
SCHEME OF STUDIES FOR ME/MSc IN
TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
The graduate degree program, ME/MS/MSc in Telecommunication

Engineering, consists of a total of 30 credit hours (24 CH of teaching and
6 CH of Thesis or two additional courses). The Universities are
encouraged to run the morning program on a full-time basis and the
universities, to guide both students and supervisors, should create a
program handbook.
The committee has recommended that the following streams of
specializations may be offered:
1. Communication Systems
2. Signal Processing
3. RF Engineering
4. Telecommunication Networks
The program requires successful completion of 3 mandatory courses, 3
specialization courses and 2 elective courses that may be selected from
any stream. In case of thesis option the student has to complete the
dissertation/thesis before the award of degree. Whereas, in course work
based degree the student will be required to take two additional courses
in lieu of the thesis/dissertation.
Semester 1
S. Course Lecture Lab Credit
Course Title
No. Code Hrs Hrs Hours
1 Mandatory I 3 0 3
2 Mandatory II 3 0 3
3 Specialization I 3 0 3
Total 9 0 9
Semester 2
1 Mandatory III 3 0 3
2 Specialization II 3 0 3
3 Elective I 3 0 3
Total 9 0 9
Semester 3
1 Elective II 3 0 3
Thesis/Dissertation
2 (Part-I)/Elective III 3 0 3
Total 6 0 6
59
Semester 4
Thesis/Dissertation
1 (Part-II)/Elective IV 3 0 3
2 Specialization III 3 0 3
Total 6 0 6
60
List of Courses for ME/MSc in Telecommunication
Engineering
Specialization (Communication System)

Optimization Techniques (Mandatory)
Stochastic Processes (Mandatory)
Advanced Digital Communication (Mandatory)
Network Planning and Management
Opto-electronic Devices
Adaptive Filter Theory
Optical Communication Systems
Advanced Computer Networks
Detection and Estimation Theory
Information Theory
Coding Theory
QOS in Telecommunication Networks
RF Planning and Optimization
Advanced Topics in Communication Systems
Specialization (Signal Processing)

Advanced Digital Signal Processing (Mandatory)
Detection and Estimation Theory (Mandatory)
Multimedia Communications
Transforms in Signal Processing
Adaptive Filter Theory
Real-Time DSP
Digital Image Processing
Array Signal processing
Speech Processing
Advanced Topics in Signal Processing
Specialization (RF Engineering)

Advanced Engineering Electromagnetics (Mandatory)
Antenna Theory and Design (Mandatory)
Microwave Active Devices (Mandatory)
RF Circuit Design
Microwave Filters
Radar Engineering
Advanced Wireless Communications
61
Free Space Communication
Advanced Topics in RF Engineering
Specialization (Telecommunication Networks)
Telecom Networks (Mandatory)
Network Optimization (Mandatory)
Optical Communication and Networks
Telecom Management Network
Broadband Communication
Smart Grid Networks
Advanced Intelligent Networks
Secure Communication
Wireless Sensor Networks
Advanced Topics in Telecommunication Networks
General Electives
(for all streams but only one can be selected from this list)
Research Methodology
Simulation and Modeling
Cloud and Grid Computing
Telecom Planning and Management
Telecommunication Business Continuity Management
Telecom Regulation and Standards
62
GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS
Any curriculum, however good it may be, needs its implementation in its
true spirit to achieve its goals and objectives. The Committee has the
following recommendations in this regard:
 The faculty members should pay particular attention to the

development of problem-solving skills of students from the first
semester. Special assignments and mini projects may be used to
achieve this objective. It should be emphasized to the students that
the objective of the course and laboratory work is to develop the
skills that enable them to solve real-life problems.
 The development of independent thinking and leadership skills of

students is very important. The faculty members should keep this
objective in mind in the course and laboratory work, and particularly
in the final year design projects.
 The final-year projects should involve analysis and design and the
faculty members should encourage the students to collaborate with
the industry.
 The students should be required to make presentations on their

projects and the people from the industry should be invited to these
presentations.
 The students should get practical experience during the course of
studies. The educational institutions and faculty members should
help the students to get meaningful internships in the government
and industry, generally in the summer of second and third academic
years. A formal procedure should be established that engages both
faculty members and relevant people from the government and
industry to review the progress of the students. The students should
be required to write reports and give presentations at the end of their
internships.
 Based on the recommended topics outlined in this document,
particular emphasis should be given to the “Quality Assurance
Aspects” of the program through the development of course
outlines. These course outlines should address the details of the
topics, the way they will be delivered in the classroom and should
include course goals, learning objectives, scheduled learning
activities, teaching and learning strategies, and assessment
strategies. Based on the particular choice of electives adopted at
the Universities, a graduate attribute matrix should also be
63
developed for the program offered by the University. These
measures will also help the University in the quality assurance
process.
 It is strongly recommended that the core courses should be
incorporated in the curriculum and a set of electives may be chosen
to fulfill the program requirements. The list of electives proposed by
the Committee may not be considered as complete. Universities
may introduce additional electives according to the areas of
expertise of their faculty members and available research facilities.
 The laboratory work is an integral part of this curriculum and it
should be given due importance in terms of both human resources
and physical infrastructure.
64
ANNEXURE - A
English I (Functional English)
Objectives: Enhance language skills and develop critical thinking.
Course Contents
Basics of Grammar
Parts of speech and use of articles
Sentence structure, active and passive voice
Practice in unified sentence
Analysis of phrase, clause and sentence structure
Transitive and intransitive verbs
Punctuation and spelling
Comprehension
Answers to questions on a given text
Discussion
General topics and every-day conversation (topics for discussion to be at
the discretion of the teacher keeping in view the level of students)
Listening
To be improved by showing documentaries/films carefully selected by
subject teachers
Translation skills
Urdu to English
Paragraph writing
Topics to be chosen at the discretion of the teacher
Presentation skills
Introduction
Note: Extensive reading is required for vocabulary building
Recommended Books
1. Functional English
a) Grammar
65
1. Practical English Grammar by A. J. Thomson and A. V.
Martinet. Exercises 1. Third edition. Oxford University Press.
1997. ISBN 0194313492
Martinet. Exercises 2. Third edition. Oxford University Press.
1997. ISBN 0194313506
b) Writing
1. Writing. Intermediate by Marie-Christine Boutin, Suzanne
Brinand and Francoise Grellet. Oxford Supplementary Skills.
Fourth Impression 1993. ISBN 0 19 435405 7 Pages 20-27
and 35-41.
c) Reading/Comprehension
1. Reading. Upper Intermediate. Brain Tomlinson and Rod Ellis.
Oxford Supplementary Skills. Third Impression 1992. ISBN 0
19 453402 2.
d) Speaking
English II (Communication Skills)
Objectives: Enable the students to meet their real life communication

needs.
Course Contents:
Paragraph writing
Practice in writing a good, unified and coherent paragraph
Essay writing
Introduction
CV and job application

Translation skills
Urdu to English
Study skills
Skimming and scanning, intensive and extensive, and speed reading,
summary and précis writing and comprehension
Academic skills
Letter/memo writing, minutes of meetings, use of library and internet
66
Presentation skills
Personality development (emphasis on content, style and pronunciation)
Note: documentaries to be shown for discussion and review

Recommended Books
Communication Skills
a) Grammar
Martinet. Exercises 2. Third edition. Oxford University Press
1986. ISBN 0 19 431350 6.
b) Writing
1. Writing. Intermediate by Marie-Christine Boutin, Suzanne
Brinand and Francoise Grellet. Oxford Supplementary Skills.
Fourth Impression 1993. ISBN 019 435405 7 Pages 45-53
(note taking).
2. Writing. Upper-Intermediate by Rob Nolasco. Oxford
Supplementary Skills. Fourth Impression 1992. ISBN 0 19
435406 5 (particularly good for writing memos, introduction to
presentations, descriptive and argumentative writing).
c) Reading
1. Reading. Advanced. Brian Tomlinson and Rod Ellis. Oxford
Supplementary Skills. Third Impression 1991. ISBN 0 19
453403 0.
2. Reading and Study Skills by John Langan
3. Study Skills by Richard York.
English III (Technical Writing and

Presentation Skills)
Objectives: Enhance language skills and develop critical thinking
Course Contents
Presentation skills
Essay writing
Descriptive, narrative, discursive, argumentative
Academic writing
How to write a proposal for research paper/term paper
67
How to write a research paper/term paper (emphasis on style, content,
language, form, clarity, consistency)
Technical Report writing
Progress report writing
Note: Extensive reading is required for vocabulary building
Recommended Books
Technical Writing and Presentation Skills
a) Essay Writing and Academic Writing

1. Writing. Advanced by Ron White. Oxford Supplementary
Skills. Third Impression 1992. ISBN 0 19 435407 3
(particularly suitable for discursive, descriptive, argumentative
and report writing).
2. College Writing Skills by John Langan. McGraw-Hill Higher
Education. 2004.
3. Patterns of College Writing (4th edition) by Laurie G. Kirszner
and Stephen R. Mandell. St. Martin’s Press.
b) Presentation Skills
c) Reading
The Mercury Reader. A Custom Publication. Compiled by
Northern Illinois University. General Editors: Janice Neulib;
Kathleen Shine Cain; Stephen Ruffus and Maurice Scharton.
(A reader which will give students exposure to the best of
twentieth century literature, without taxing the taste of
engineering students).
68
ANNEXURE - B
Pakistan Studies (Compulsory)
Introduction/Objectives
 Develop vision of historical perspective, government, politics,

contemporary Pakistan, ideological background of Pakistan.
 Study the process of governance, national development, issues
arising in the modern age and posing challenges to Pakistan.
Course Outline
1. Historical Perspective
a. Ideological rationale with special reference to Sir Syed Ahmed
Khan, Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Quaid-e-Azam
Muhammad Ali Jinnah.
b. Factors leading to Muslim separatism
c. People and Land
i. Indus Civilization
ii. Muslim advent
iii. Location and geo-physical features.
2. Government and Politics in Pakistan
Political and constitutional phases:
a. 1947-58
b. 1958-71
c. 1971-77
d. 1977-88
e. 1988-99
f. 1999 onward
3. Contemporary Pakistan
a. Economic institutions and issues
b. Society and social structure
c. Ethnicity
d. Foreign policy of Pakistan and challenges
e. Futuristic outlook of Pakistan
Recommended Books
1. Burki, Shahid Javed. State & Society in Pakistan, The MacMillan
Press Ltd 1980.
2. Akbar, S. Zaidi. Issue in Pakistan’s Economy. Karachi: Oxford
University Press, 2000.
69
3. S. M. Burke and Lawrence Ziring. Pakistan’s Foreign policy: An
Historical analysis. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1993.
4. Mehmood, Safdar. Pakistan Political Roots & Development. Lahore,
1994.
5. Wilcox, Wayne. The Emergence of Bangladesh, Washington:
American Enterprise, Institute of Public Policy Research, 1972.
6. Mehmood, Safdar. Pakistan Kayyun Toota, Lahore: Idara-e-
Saqafat-e-Islamia, Club Road, nd.
7. Amin, Tahir. Ethno - National Movement in Pakistan, Islamabad:
Institute of Policy Studies, Islamabad.
8. Ziring, Lawrence. Enigma of Political Development. Kent England:
Wm Dawson & sons Ltd, 1980.
9. Zahid, Ansar. History & Culture of Sindh. Karachi: Royal Book
Company, 1980.
10. Afzal, M. Rafique. Political Parties in Pakistan, Vol. I, II & III.
Islamabad: National Institute of Historical and cultural Research,
1998.
11. Sayeed, Khalid Bin. The Political System of Pakistan. Boston:
Houghton Mifflin, 1967.
12. Aziz, K. K. Party, Politics in Pakistan, Islamabad: National
Commission on Historical and Cultural Research, 1976.
13. Muhammad Waseem, Pakistan Under Martial Law, Lahore:
Vanguard, 1987.
14. Haq, Noor ul. Making of Pakistan: The Military Perspective.
Islamabad: National Commission on Historical and Cultural
Research, 1993.
70
ANNEXURE - C
ISLAMIC STUDIES
(Compulsory)
Objectives
This course is aimed at:

1 To provide Basic information about Islamic Studies
2 To enhance understanding of the students regarding Islamic
Civilization
3 To improve Students skill to perform prayers and other worships
4 To enhance the skill of the students for understanding of issues
related to faith and religious life.
Detail of Courses
Introduction to Quranic Studies
1. Basic Concepts of Quran
2. History of Quran
3. Uloom-ul-Quran
Study of Selected Text of Holly Quran
1. Verses of Surah Al-Baqara Related to Faith(Verse No-284-286)

2. Verses of Surah Al-Hujrat Related to Adab Al-Nabi (Verse No-1-18)
3. Verses of Surah Al-Mumanoon Related to Characteristics of faithful
(Verse No-1-11)
4. Verses of Surah al-Furqan Related to Social Ethics (Verse No.63-
77)
5. Verses of Surah Al-Inam Related to Ihkam (Verse No-152-154)
Study of Selected Text of Holly Quran
1. Verses of Surah Al-Ihzab Related to Adab al-Nabi (Verse No.6, 21,

40, 56, 57, 58.)
2. Verses of Surah Al-Hashar (18,19,20) Related to thinking, Day of
Judgment
3. Verses of Surah Al-Saf Related to Tafakar, Tadabar (Verse No-
1,14)
Seerat of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) I
1. Life of Muhammad Bin Abdullah ( Before Prophet Hood)

2. Life of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) in Makkah
3. Important Lessons Derived from the life of Holy Prophet in Makkah
71
Seerat of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) II
1. Life of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) in Madina
2. Important Events of Life Holy Prophet in Madina
3. Important Lessons Derived from the life of Holy Prophet in Madina
Introduction to Sunnah
1. Basic Concepts of Hadith
2. History of Hadith
3. Kinds of Hadith
4. Uloom –ul-Hadith
5. Sunnah & Hadith
6. Legal Position of Sunnah
Selected Study from Text of Hadith
Introduction to Islamic Law & Jurisprudence

1. Basic Concepts of Islamic Law & Jurisprudence
2. History & Importance of Islamic Law & Jurisprudence
3. Sources of Islamic Law & Jurisprudence
4. Nature of Differences in Islamic Law
5. Islam and Sectarianism
Islamic Culture & Civilization
1. Basic Concepts of Islamic Culture & Civilization
2. Historical Development of Islamic Culture & Civilization
3. Characteristics of Islamic Culture & Civilization
4. Islamic Culture & Civilization and Contemporary Issues
Islam & Science
1. Basic Concepts of Islam & Science
2. Contributions of Muslims in the Development of Science
3. Quran & Science
Islamic Economic System
1. Basic Concepts of Islamic Economic System
2. Means of Distribution of wealth in Islamic Economics
3. Islamic Concept of Riba
4. Islamic Ways of Trade & Commerce
Political System of Islam
1. Basic Concepts of Islamic Political System
2. Islamic Concept of Sovereignty
3. Basic Institutions of Govt. in Islam
Islamic History
1. Period of Khlaft-E-Rashida
2. Period of Ummayyads
72
3. Period of Abbasids
Social System of Islam
1. Basic Concepts of Social System of Islam
2. Elements of Family
3. Ethical Values of Islam
Reference Books
1. Hameed ullah Muhammad, “Emergence of Islam” , IRI,
Islamabad
2 Hameed ullah Muhammad, “Muslim Conduct of State”
3 Hameed ullah Muhammad, ‘Introduction to Islam
4. Mulana Muhammad Yousaf Islahi,”
5 Hussain Hamid Hassan, “An Introduction to the Study of Islamic
Law” leaf Publication Islamabad, Pakistan.
6 Ahmad Hasan, “Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence” Islamic
Research
Institute, International Islamic University, Islamabad (1993)
7 Mir Waliullah, “Muslim Jurisprudence and the Quranic Law of
Crimes”
Islamic Book Service (1982)
8 H. S. Bhatia, “Studies in Islamic Law, Religion and Society” Deep &
Deep
Publications New Delhi (1989)
9 Dr. Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, “Introduction to Al Sharia Al Islamia”
Allama
Iqbal Open University, Islamabad (2001)
73
Annexure - D
Note: One course will be selected from the following six courses of
Mathematics.
COMPULSORY MATHEMATICS
COURSES FOR BS (4 YEAR)
(FOR STUDENTS NOT MAJORING IN

MATHEMATICS)
1. MATHEMATICS I (ALGEBRA)
Prerequisite(s): Mathematics at secondary level
Credit Hours: 3+0
Specific Objectives of the Course: To prepare the students, not

majoring in mathematics, with the essential tools of algebra to apply the
concepts and the techniques in their respective disciplines.
Course Outline:
Preliminaries: Real-number system, complex numbers, introduction to

sets, set operations, functions, types of functions. Matrices: Introduction to
matrices, types, matrix inverse, determinants, system of linear equations,
Cramer’s rule.
Quadratic Equations: Solution of quadratic equations, qualitative analysis

of roots of a quadratic equations, equations reducible to quadratic
equations, cube roots of unity, relation between roots and coefficients of
quadratic equations.
Sequences and Series: Arithmetic progression, geometric progression,

harmonic progression. Binomial Theorem: Introduction to mathematical
induction, binomial theorem with rational and irrational indices.
Trigonometry: Fundamentals of trigonometry, trigonometric identities.
Recommended Books
1. Dolciani MP, Wooton W, Beckenback EF, Sharron S, Algebra 2 and

Trigonometry, 1978, Houghton & Mifflin, Boston (suggested text)
2. Kaufmann JE, College Algebra and Trigonometry, 1987, PWS-Kent
Company, Boston
74
3. Swokowski EW, Fundamentals of Algebra and Trigonometry (6th
edition), 1986, PWS-Kent Company, Boston
2. MATHEMATICS II (CALCULUS)
Prerequisite(s): Mathematics I (Algebra)

Credit Hours: 3+0

majoring in mathematics, with the essential tools of calculus to apply the
Course Outline:
Preliminaries: Real-number line, functions and their graphs, solution of
equations involving absolute values, inequalities. Limits and Continuity: Limit
of a function, left-hand and right-hand limits, continuity, continuous functions.
Derivatives and their Applications: Differentiable functions, differentiation
of polynomial, rational and transcendental functions, derivatives.
Integration and Definite Integrals: Techniques of evaluating indefinite
integrals, integration by substitution, integration by parts, change of
variables in indefinite integrals.
Recommended Books
1. Anton H, Bevens I, Davis S, Calculus: A New Horizon (8th edition),
2005, John Wiley, New York
2. Stewart J, Calculus (3rd edition), 1995, Brooks/Cole (suggested text)
3. Swokowski EW, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, 1983, PWS-Kent
Company, Boston
4. Thomas GB, Finney AR, Calculus (11th edition), 2005, Addison-
Wesley, Reading, Ma, USA
3. MATHEMATICS III (GEOMETRY)
Prerequisite(s): Mathematics II (Calculus)

Credit Hours: 3+0
majoring in mathematics, with the essential tools of geometry to apply the
Course Outline
Geometry in Two Dimensions: Cartesian-coordinate mesh, slope of a line,
equation of a line, parallel and perpendicular lines, various forms of
75
equation of a line, intersection of two lines, angle between two lines,
distance between two points, distance between a point and a line.
Circle: Equation of a circle, circles determined by various conditions,

intersection of lines and circles, locus of a point in various conditions.
Conic Sections: Parabola, ellipse, hyperbola, the general-second-degree equation
Recommended Books
1. Abraham S, Analytic Geometry, Scott, Freshman and Company,
1969
2. Kaufmann JE, College Algebra and Trigonometry, 1987, PWS-Kent
Company, Boston
3. Swokowski EW, Fundamentals of Algebra and Trigonometry (6th
edition), 1986, PWS-Kent Company, Boston
4. COURSE FOR NON-MATHEMATICS MAJORS IN SOCIAL
SCIENCES
Title of subject: MATHEMATICS
Discipline : BS (Social Sciences).
Pre-requisites : SSC (Metric) level Mathematics
Credit Hours : 03 + 00
Minimum Contact Hours: 40
Assessment : written examination;
Effective : 2008 and onward
Aims : To give the basic knowledge of Mathematics and

prepare the students not majoring in mathematics.
Objectives : After completion of this course the student should be

able to:
 Understand the use of the essential tools of basic mathematics;
 Apply the concepts and the techniques in their respective
disciplines;
 Model the effects non-isothermal problems through different
domains;
Contents :
1. Algebra
Preliminaries: Real and complex numbers, Introduction to sets, set
operations, functions, types of functions. Matrices: Introduction to
matrices, types of matrices, inverse of matrices, determinants,
system of linear equations, Cramer’s rule. Quadratic equations:
76
Solution of quadratic equations, nature of roots of quadratic
equations, equations reducible to quadratic equations. Sequence
and Series: Arithmetic, geometric and harmonic progressions.
Permutation and combinations: Introduction to permutation and
combinations, Binomial Theorem: Introduction to binomial theorem.
Trigonometry: Fundamentals of trigonometry, trigonometric
identities. Graphs: Graph of straight line, circle and trigonometric
functions.
2. Statistics
Introduction: Meaning and definition of statistics, relationship of
statistics with social science, characteristics of statistics, limitations
of statistics and main division of statistics. Frequency distribution:
Organisation of data, array, ungrouped and grouped data, types of
frequency series, individual, discrete and continuous series, tally
sheet method, graphic presentation of the frequency distribution, bar
frequency diagram histogram, frequency polygon, cumulative
frequency curve. Measures of central tendency: Mean medium and
modes, quartiles, deciles and percentiles. Measures of dispersion:
Range, inter quartile deviation mean deviation, standard deviation,
variance, moments, skewness and kurtosis.
Recommended Books
1. Swokowski. E. W., ‘Fundamentals of Algebra and Trigonometry’,
Latest Edition.
2. Kaufmann. J. E., ‘College Algebra and Trigonometry’, PWS-
Kent Company, Boston, Latest Edition.
3. Walpole, R. E., ‘Introduction of Statistics’, Prentice Hall, Latest
Edition.
4. Wilcox, R. R., ‘Statistics for The Social Sciences’,
5. MATHEMATICS FOR CHEMISTRY
Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisites: Mathematics at Secondary level

Specific Objectives of Course:
To prepare the students not majoring in mathematics with the essential
tools of Calculus to apply the concepts and the techniques in their
respective disciplines.
77
Course Outline
Preliminaries: Real Numbers and the Real Line, Functions and their
graphs: Polynomial Functions, Rational Functions, Trigonometric
Functions, and Transcendental Functions. Slope of a Line, Equation of a
Line, Solution of equations involving absolute values, Inequalities. Limits
and Continuity: Limit of a Function, Left Hand and Right Hand Limits,
Continuity, Continuous Functions. Derivatives and its Applications:
Differentiation of Polynomial, Rational and Transcendental Functions,
Extreme Values of Functions. Integration and Indefinite Integrals:
Integration by Substitution, Integration by Parts, Change of Variables in
Indefinite Integrals. Least-Squares Line.
Recommended Books
1. Thomas, Calculus, 11th Edition. Addison Wesley publishing
company, 2005.
2. H. Anton, I. Bevens, S. Davis, Calculus, 8th edition, John Willey &
Sons, Inc. 2005.
3. Hughes-Hallett, Gleason, McCallum, et al, Calculus Single and
Multivariable, 3rd Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2002.
4. Frank A. Jr, Elliott Mendelsohn, Calculus, Schaum’s Outline Series,
4th edition, 1999.
5. E. W. Swokowski, Calculus and Analytic Geometry PWS Publishers,
Boston, 1983.
6. John H. Mathews, Numerical Methods for Mathematics Science and
Engineering, Prentice-Hall, Second Edition 1992.
6. MATHEMATICS FOR PHYSICS
Contents
1. Preliminary calculus.
 Differentiation
Differentiation from first principles; products; the chain rule;
quotients; implicit differentiation; logarithmic differentiation; Leibnitz’
theorem; special points of a function; theorems of differentiation.
 Integration
Integration from first principles; the inverse of differentiation;
integration by inspection; sinusoidal function; logarithmic
integration; integration using partial fractions; substitution method;
integration by parts; reduction formulae; infinite and improper
integrals; plane polar coordinates; integral inequalities; applications
of integration.
78
2. Complex numbers and hyperbolic functions
 The need for complex numbers
 Manipulation of complex numbers
Additions and subtraction; modulus and argument; multiplication;
complex conjugate; division
 Polar representation of complex numbers Multiplication and division
in polar form
 de Moivre’s theorem
Trigonometrical identities; finding the nth roots of unity; solving
polynomial equations
 Complex logarithms and complex powers
 Applications to differentiation and integration
 Hyperbolic functions
Definitions; hyperbolic-trigonometric analogies; identities of
hyperbolic functions; solving hyperbolic equations; inverses of
hyperbolic functions; calculus of hyperbolic functions
3. Series and limits

 Series
 Summation of series
Arithmetic series; geometric series; arithmetico-geometric series;
the difference method; series involving natural numbers;
transformation of series
 Convergence of infinite series
Absolute and conditional convergence; convergence of a series
containing only real positive terms; alternating series test
 Operations with series
 Power series
Convergence of power series; operations with power series
 Taylor series
Taylor’s theorem; approximation errors in Taylor series; standard
McLaurin series
 Evaluation of limits
4. Partial differentiation
 Definition of the partial derivative
 The total differential and total derivative
 Exact and inexact differentials
 Useful theorems of partial differentiation
 The chain rule
 Change of variables
 Taylor’s theorem for many-variable functions
79
 Stationary values of many-variable functions
 Stationary values under constraints
5. Multiple integrals
 Double integrals
 Triple integrals
 Applications of multiple integrals
Areas and volumes; masses, centers of mass and centroids;
Pappus’ theorems; moments of inertia; mean values of functions
 Change of variables in multiple integrals
Change of variables in double integrals;
6. Vector algebra
 Scalars and vectors
 Addition and subtraction of vectors
 Multiplication by a scalar
 Basis vectors and components
 Magnitude of a vectors
 Multiplication of vectors
Scalar product; vector product; scalar triple product; vector triple
product
 Equations of lines and planes
Equation of a line; equation of a plane
 Using vectors to find distances
Point to line; point to plane; line to line; line to plane
 Reciprocal vectors
7. Matrices and vector spaces
 Vectors spaces Basic vectors; the inner product; some useful
inequalities
 Matrices
 The complex and Hermitian conjugates of a matrix
 The determinant of a matrix
Properties of determinants
 The inverse of a matrix
 The rank of a matrix
 Simultaneous linear equations
N simultaneous linear equations in N unknowns
 Special square matrices
Diagonal; symmetric and antisymmetric; orthogonal; Hermitian;
unitary normal
 Eigen vectors and eigen values
Of a normal matrix; of Hermitian and anti-Hermitian matrices; of a
unitary matrix; of a general square matrix
80
 Determination of eigen values and eigen vectors Degenerate eigen
values
8. Vector calculus
 Differentiation of vectors Composite vector expressions; differential
of a vector
 Integration of vectors
 Space curves
 Vector functions of several arguments
 Surfaces
 Scalar and vector fields
 Vector operators
 Gradient of a scalar field; divergence of a vector field; curl of a vector
field
 Vector operator formulae
 Vector operators acting on sums and products; combinations of
grad, div and curl
 Cylindrical and spherical polar coordinates
 Cylindrical polar coordinates; spherical polar coordinates.
81
Annexure - E
Statistics-I Credit 3 (2-1)

Definition and importance of Statistics in Agriculture, Data Different types
of data and variables
Classification and Tabulation of data, Frequency distribution, stem-and-

Leaf diagram, Graphical representation of data Histogram, frequency
polygon, frequency curve.
Measure of Central tendency, Definition and calculation of Arithmetic

mean, Geometric mean, Harmonic mean, Median quantiles and Mode in
grouped and un-grouped data.
Measure of Dispersion, Definition and Calculation of Range, quartile

deviation, Mean deviation, Standard deviation and variance, coefficient of
variation.
Practical
a. Frequency Distribution
b. Stem-and-Leaf diagram
c. Various types of Graphs
d. Mean, Geometric mean Harmonic Mean,
e. Median, Quartiles Deviation, mean Deviation.
f. Standard Deviation, Variance, Coefficient of variation,
g. Skewness and kenosis
Recommended Books
1. Introduction to Statistical Theory Part- I by Sher Muhammad and Dr.
Shahid Kamal (Latest Edition)
2. Statistical Methods and Data Analysis by Dr. Faquir Muhammad
3. A. Concise Course in A. Level Statistic with world examples by J.
Crashaw and J. Chambers (1994)
4. Basic Statistics an Inferential Approach 2nd Ed. (1986) Fran II.
Dietrich-II and Thomas J. Keans
Statistics-II Credit 3 (2-1)
Sampling Probability and non-Probability Sampling, Simple random

sampling stratified random sampling Systematic sampling error, Sampling
82
distribution of mean and difference between two means. Interference
Theory: Estimation and testing of hypothesis, Type—I and type-II error,
Testing of hypothesis about mean and difference between two means
using Z-test and t-test, Paired t-test, Test of association of attributes using
X2 (chi-square) Testing hypothesis about variance.
Practical
a. Sampling random sampling
b. Stratified random sampling.
c. Sampling distribution of mean
d. Testing of hypotheses regarding population mean
e. Testing of hypotheses about the difference between population
means
f. Chi-square test
g. Testing of Correlation Coefficient
h. Fitting of simple linear regression
i. One-way ANOVA
j. Two-way ANOVA
Recommended Books
1. Introduction to Statistical Theory Part-II by Sher Muhammad and
Dr. Shahid Kamal (Latest Edition)
2. Statistical Methods and Data Analysis by Dr. Faquir Muhammad
3. Principles and Procedures of Statistics A Bio-material approach,
2nd Edition, 1980 by R. G. D Steal and James H. Tarric
4. Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research 2nd Edition (1980)
by K. A. Gomez and A. A. Gomez
83
ANNEXURE - F
Introduction to Information and Communication Technologies
Course Structure: Lectures: 2 Labs: 1 Credit Hours: 3

Pre-requisite: None Semester: 1
Course Description
This is an introductory course on Information and Communication

Technologies. Topics include ICT terminologies, hardware and software
components, the internet and World Wide Web, and ICT based
applications.
After completing this course, a student will be able to:
 Understand different terms associated with ICT
 Identify various components of a computer system
 Identify the various categories of software and their usage
 Define the basic terms associated with communications and
networking
 Understand different terms associated with the Internet and World
Wide Web.
 Use various web tools including Web Browsers, E-mail clients and
search utilities.
 Use text processing, spreadsheets and presentation tools
 Understand the enabling/pervasive features of ICT
Course Contents
Basic Definitions & Concepts

Hardware: Computer Systems & Components
Storage Devices, Number Systems
Software: Operating Systems, Programming and Application Software
Introduction to Programming, Databases and Information Systems
Networks
Data Communication
The Internet, Browsers and Search Engines
The Internet: Email, Collaborative Computing and Social Networking
The Internet: E-Commerce
IT Security and other issues
Project Week
Review Week
84
Text Books/Reference Books
1. Introduction to Computers by Peter Norton, 6th International
Edition, McGraw-Hill
2. Using Information Technology: A Practical Introduction to Computer
& Communications by Williams Sawyer, 6th Edition, McGraw-Hill
3. Computers, Communications & information: A user's introduction by
Sarah E. Hutchinson, Stacey C. Swayer
4. Fundamentals of Information Technology by Alexis Leon, Mathews
Leon, Leon Press.
85

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CURRICULUM

HIGHER EDUCATION COMMISSION

Prof. Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed Chairman

2. Frame Work/Template for 14

3. Scheme of Studies for BE/BSc 18

4. Details of Courses for BE/BSc 21

5. Scheme of Studies for ME/MSc in 59

6. List of Courses for ME/MSc in Telecommunication 61

The curriculum, with varying definitions, is a plan of the teaching-learning

University Grants Commission (UGC) was designated as the competent

In compliance with the provisions, the Curriculum Division of HEC

In order to impart education at par with quality international standards,

It is hoped that this curriculum document, prepared by the respective

STAGE-I STAGE-II STAGE-III STAGE-IV

CURRI. UNDER CURRI. IN FOLLOW UP

COLLECTION OF APPRAISAL OF 1ST

CONS. OF CRC. FINALIZATION OF INCORPORATION OF COMMENTS

PREP. OF DRAFT APPROVAL OF PRINTING OF REVIEW

Abbreviations Used: IMPLE. OF CURRI. BACK TO STAGE-I

The final meeting of NCRC on Telecommunication Engineering was held

The meeting was attended by the following members:

The following sub-committee was formulated for revision of Mathematics

Dr. Shahid Masood Convener

The Committee worked on suggestions given by the members of the Sub-

 Higher Education Commission should support the institutions for the

 The committee recommends that the intended candidates for this

Mr. Nazeer Hussain, Director Regional Center Lahore thanked the

The committee, in return, highly appreciated the facilities provided by Mr

1. To instill the students with fundamental and advanced concepts of

6. To inculcate the students with lifelong learning and research skills

7. To prepare students undertaking Telecommunications engineering

Total number of contact hours: At least 3,200

Curriculum Review Basis – Graduate Degree

The curriculum for the graduate engineering degree program is based on

Knowledg Sub Name of Lec Lab Credit

Program Object Oriented

Social Science Electives

Management Science Electives

Functional English 3+0

Engineering Management 3+0

Differential Equations 3+0

Prerequisite Calculus and Analytical Geometry

Applied Physics 2+1

Multivariable Calculus 3+0

Prerequisites Differential Equations, Calculus and

Introduction to Computing 2+1

Object Oriented Programming 3+1

Prerequisite Introduction to Computing

Computer Aided Engineering Design 0+1

Electric Workshop 0+1

Prerequisite Circuit Analysis

Digital Logic Design 3+1

Electromagnetic Theory 3+0

Prerequisite Applied Physics, Multivariable Calculus

Electronic Devices & Circuits 3+1