Linux ip COMMAND 

MODIFYING ADDRESS AND LINK PROPERTIES

SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS

CHEAT SHEET  addr add Add an address

ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev em1
Add address 192.168.1.1 with netmask 24 to device em1

addr del Delete an address

ip addr del 192.168.1.1/24 dev em1
IP QUERIES Remove address 192.168.1.1/24 from device em1

SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS link set Alter the status of the interface

Display IP Addresses and property information ip link set em1 up

addr Bring em1 online
(abbreviation of address)
ip addr ip link set em1 down
Show information for all addresses Bring em1 offline

ip addr show dev em1 ip link set em1 mtu 9000

Display information only for device em1 Set the MTU on em1 to 9000
ip link set em1 promisc on
link Manage and display the state of all network Enable promiscuous mode for em1
interfaces
ip link
Show information for all interfaces
ADJUSTING AND VIEWING ROUTES
ip link show dev em1
Display information only for device em1 SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS
ip -s link Add an entry to the routing table
route add
Display interface statistics
ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 dev em1
route Display and alter the routing table Add a default route (for all addresses) via the local gateway
ip route 192.168.1.1 that can be reached on device em1
List all of the route entries in the kernel ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1
Add a route to 192.168.1.0/24 via the gateway at
maddr Manage and display multicast IP addresses 192.168.1.1
ip maddr ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev em1
Display multicast information for all devices Add a route to 192.168.1.0/24 that can be reached on
ip maddr show dev em1 device em1
Display multicast information for device em1
route delete Delete a routing table entry
neigh Show neighbour objects; also known as the ARP ip route delete 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1
table for IPv4 Delete the route for 192.168.1.0/24 via the gateway at
ip neigh 192.168.1.1
Display neighbour objects
route replace Replace, or add if not defined, a route
ip neigh show dev em1
Show the ARP cache for device em1 ip route replace 192.168.1.0/24 dev em1
Replace the defined route for 192.168.1.0/24 to use
help Display a list of commands and arguments for device em1
each subcommand
route get Display the route an address will take
ip help
Display ip commands and arguments ip route get 192.168.1.5
Display the route taken for IP 192.168.1.5
ip addr help
Display address commands and arguments
ip link help
Display link commands and arguments MANAGING THE ARP TABLE
ip neigh help SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS
Display neighbour commands and arguments
neigh add Add an entry to the ARP Table
ip neigh add 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev em1
Add address 192.168.1.1 with MAC 1:2:3:4:5:6 to em1
MULTICAST ADDRESSING
neigh del Invalidate an entry
SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS
ip neigh del 192.168.1.1 dev em1
maddr add Add a static link-layer multicast address Invalidate the entry for 192.168.1.1 on em1
ip maddr add 33:33:00:00:00:01 dev em1
neigh replace Replace, or adds if not defined, an entry to the ARP table
Add mutlicast address 33:33:00:00:00:01 to em1
ip neigh replace 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev em1
maddr del Delete a multicast address Replace the entry for address 192.168.1.1 to use MAC
ip maddr del 33:33:00:00:00:01 dev em1 1:2:3:4:5:6 on em1
Delete address 33:33:00:00:00:01 from em1

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USEFUL NETWORKING COMMANDS (NOT NECESSARILY PROVIDED FROM IPROUTE)
SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS

arping Send ARP request to a neighbour host

arping -I eth0 192.168.1.1
Send ARP request to 192.168.1.1 via interface eth0
arping -D -I eth0 192.168.1.1
Check for duplicate MAC addresses at 192.168.1.1 on eth0

ethtool Query or control network driver and hardware settings

ethtool -g eth0
Display ring buffer for eth0
ethtool -i eth0
Display driver information for eth0
ethtool -p eth0
Identify eth0 by sight, typically by causing LEDs to blink on the network port
ethtool -S eth0
Display network and driver statistics for eth0

ss Display socket statistics. The below options can be combined

ss -a
Show all sockets (listening and non-listening)
ss -e
Show detailed socket information
ss -o
Show timer information
ss -n
Do not resolve addresses
ss -p
Show process using the socket

COMPARING NET-TOOLS VS. IPROUTE PACKAGE COMMANDS

NET-TOOLS COMMANDS IPROUTE COMMANDS
arp -a ip neigh

arp -v ip -s neigh

arp -s 192.168.1.1 1:2:3:4:5:6 ip neigh add 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev eth1

arp -i eth1 -d 192.168.1.1 ip neigh del 192.168.1.1 dev eth1

ifconfig -a ip addr

ifconfig eth0 down ip link set eth0 down

ifconfig eth0 up ip link set eth0 up

ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1 ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0

ifconfig eth0 netmask 255.255.255.0 ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0

ifconfig eth0 mtu 9000 ip link set eth0 mtu 9000

ifconfig eth0:0 192.168.1.2 ip addr add 192.168.1.2/24 dev eth0

netstat ss

netstat -neopa ss -neopa

netstat -g ip maddr

route ip route

route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0 ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0

route add default gw 192.168.1.1 ip route add default via 192.168.1.1

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