Muhammad: A Legacy of A Prophet (The Script of The Documentary)

MUHAMMAD – Script 9/25/2002
DATE: September 25, 2002

Approved : ______ “MUHAMMAD: Life of a Prophet” • 12/4/02 • 1
VISUAL AUDIO
01:00:00 NARRATOR
CUE #1 Fourteen hundred years ago, a humble merchant who
could not read or write changed the face of Arabia. His
Timing: (sec; frames)
name was Muhammad. Today, his influence has spread
27;06 to every corner of the world including the United
States... This is his story. And the story of millions of
Americans who revere him as God’s final prophet.
CG: Underwriting Credits NARRATOR
Major Funding of Muhammad: Legacy of a Prophet has

been provided by the CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC
BROADCASTING and by THE DAVID AND LUCILE
PACKARD FOUNDATION, ARABIAN BULK TRADE,
SABADIA FAMILY FOUNDATION, THE EL-HIBRI
FOUNDATION, the IRFAN KATHWARI FOUNDATION,
and MIR IMRAN.
Additional funding has been provided by many other
organizations and individuals.
01:01:49 NARRATOR
"He was neither tall and lanky, nor short and heavy set.
When he looked at someone he looked them in the
eyes. He was the most generous hearted of men, the
33;18 most truthful of them in speech, the most mild
tempered of them and the noblest of them in lineage.
Anyone who would describe him would say I never saw
before or after him the like of him."
Muhammad, described by a contemporary.
01:02:25 KAREN ARMSTRONG
Muhammad was a man who faced an absolutely hopeless
situation. There was a whole continent virtually of people
killing one another in an endless hopeless vendetta, going
down a chute of violence and warfare. Feeling that society
was coming to an end and had no hope. He gave them
hope single-handedly. In a space of 23 years he brought
peace and new hope to Arabia and a new beacon for the
world.
VISUAL AUDIO
01:02:58 NARRATOR
Islam, the religion Muhammad first brought to Arabia,

now claims 1.2 billion followers around the world.
There are an estimated 7 million Muslims in America,
where it is the country’s fastest growing religion and
the most diverse.
01:03:23 MICHAEL WOLFE
Like America itself, the Muslims in this country come from all
over the world. They have a common bond, not only in their
religious faith and in their mosques, but in this story of
Muhammad, they all look to it. This is the source of how to
behave, of how to be a constructive citizen, of how to be a
good parent, of how to be a good child, of how to seek
knowledge and truth. These are values that are expressed
most clearly for Muslims in the story of Muhammad.
01:04:04 JAMEEL JOHNSON
In the Quran Allah says that Muhammad is the best

example of behavior for you. And that’s what he is the
guide for the way we deal with each other and when we’re in
a position of authority how we attempt to implement justice
and law.
01:04:27 KEVIN JAMES
Prophet Muhammad, he asked the question to people

around him, do you love your creator? Serve your fellow
man first. What does that tell you? It tells you, forget about
all this intellectual, yeah, I love God and this and that. If
you're gonna, you know, forget about talking the talk, walk
the walk. You want to serve God, serve people. What more
noble way to serve people than to risk your own life to save
them.
01:04:57 DAISY KAHN
September 11th has changed the whole world and it has
also put the Muslim community in the spotlight.
Muslims have a lot of hostility being hurled at them. But this
is also a time of transformation. Many people are very
eager to understand Islam and want to know who is the
Prophet? What is the Quran? Who are the Muslims? How
VISUAL AUDIO
do they live?
01:05:27 NAJAH BAZZY
Through the stories about Prophet Muhammad, we were
able to make connections, and all of a sudden you would
feel you can relate to things that happened back 1500 years
ago, and that the issues weren't old fashioned, they were
universal. And that’s what he’s taught me.
01:05:49 NARRATOR
This is the story Muslims have passed down from
generation to generation for 1400 years. A story about
the merchant, husband, father, statesman and warrior
21;18 whom they consider the final prophet. The man whose
legacy continues to shape their lives today.
01:06:27 JOHN VOLL
The life of MUHAMMAD is even in its details probably better
known than any other major religious figure before modern
TITLE GRAPHIC
times. His followers made careful efforts to record
memories that they had of things that he had said, and
things that he had done. Many of these traditions may have
been made up later on, but at the core there seems to me to
be little reason to doubt that there is a picture and a portrait
of a living man.
01:07:02 NARRATOR
According to Muslim sources, Muhammad bin
Abdullah—or son of Abdullah—was born in the year 570
in the city of Mecca, in what is today Saudi Arabia.
A poet of the times described Mecca as a place where
CG: Map of Mecca and Saudi winter and summer were equally intolerable.
Arabia
The world into which Muhammad arrived was a brutal
one, defined by hunger, violence, and tribal warfare.
You could not exist without your tribe. An individual in this

dangerous world had absolutely no chance of survival. And
that meant that the tribe had become, perhaps, the most
sacred value in Arabia.
VISUAL AUDIO
01:07:51 HAMZA YUSUF
It's a society that's based on the idea of vigilantism. That, if

somebody attacked my clan, then I have a right to go and
attack anyone from his clan.
They saw justice as taking revenge.
01:08:08 NARRATOR
The Arabs of the sixth century had no written code of

law, no common religion, and no central government.
In this dangerous world, Muhammad had the good
fortune to be born into Mecca’s powerful tribe, the
Quraysh. But his father died before he was born, and,
his mother died when he was only 6. His uncle Abu
Talib was left to raise the young orphan.
01:08:37 M. CHERIF BASSIOUNI
He surely had to have worried about his future, what will he
be. And so he he must have been a very introspective child.
Muhammad had the habit of going out in the desert and
contemplating the stars and thinking about why he was an
orphan. And how would life be to him in the future.
Orphans were marginal people and he felt very, very
strongly identified with the poor and disadvantaged for the
rest of his life.
01:09:13 NARRATOR
The Mecca of Muhammad's youth was both a religious
and a commercial center, located at the crossroads of
two major trading routes.
Pilgrims came from all over Arabia to worship the

CG: Trade Route Map hundreds of idols that surrounded the Ka'aba, an
ancient shrine in the heart of the city. The Ka’aba was
surrounded by a sacred area where fighting was not
allowed.
The commerce generated by the pilgrims made it

possible for a young man in Muhammad’s
circumstances to make a living in the markets of Mecca.
VISUAL AUDIO
Soon Muhammad began acting as an agent for wealthy

merchants, taking their goods on caravans throughout
Arabia. These journeys exposed him to a variety of
other tribes and communities and a range of new ideas.
01:10:08 16: M. CHERIF BASSIOUNI
He probably learned the differences that exist between
different tribes.
People speaking different languages. He encountered
Christians and Jews. And learned from them what their
faith, what their religion, what their cultures, are.
Muhammad would have become aware that for the Jews

and the Christians the holy scripture was very important.
Both got scriptures in which God had sent a sacred
message to prophets and this was a way in which people
could relate to the divine.
When MUHAMMAD was about 25 years old he had a major
change in his life. A wealthy widow, older woman named
KHADIJA asked him to take her caravans into Syria for her.
01:11:06 DAISY KAHN
Muhammad took all her goods and went with the caravan to
Syria and did an incredible job.
And her respect for him turned into admiration for him. And
she inquired about him through one of her friends.
01:11:23 NARRATOR
Shortly thereafter Khadija asked Muhammad to marry
her.
“I like you because of our relationship,” she said, “And
your high reputation among your people; Your
trustworthiness, good character, and truthfulness.”
And this is interesting. She's is a very beautiful woman. But

VISUAL AUDIO
she's, she's 40. She is, she is moving into her maturity. And
he's a 25-year-old youth. Um, he's an orphan. And, and he
accepts this, uh, proposal and it's arranged through the
family. And he does, indeed, marry her.
And people have often said rather sneeringly that this was
just a marriage of convenience on his part. He'd just
married the wealthy widow for his own ah gain and profit.
But there's no doubt in my mind that he deeply, deeply
loved Khadija.
01:12:15 NARRATOR
Over the course of their marriage, Khadija and

Muhammad had four daughters, and two sons who died
as infants. He was a family man, and a successful and
respected merchant. But as Muhammad approached
his own fortieth birthday, he was becoming increasingly
restless and troubled by the problems of Meccan
society.
Within a few generations, they had gone from this kind of
brutal existence in the Arabian Steppes, to becoming
financiers, bankers, businessmen, merchants, with a lot of
money. And this was great, of course, and people were
delighted. But it was a very disturbing time because the
market economy demanded, as we know only too well in the
West, a strong competitive streak. People no longer felt that
they had to take care of the poor and the needy. And the
weaker members of Quraysh any longer. They had to make
as much money at they possibly could.
01:13:20 BASSIOUNI
They had a marvelous society. They had a trading town,
they were booming, they were doing business. They were
living like an affluent society. And when you have an affluent
society, the tendency is to become hedonistic. To look at,
you know, what are the pleasures of life?
01:13:38 NARRATOR
Muhammad would often retreat to the mountains
outside Mecca, to meditate. It was on one such retreat
VISUAL AUDIO
in the year 610 that Muhammad had an experience, that

would transform history.
01:13:53 NASR:
The prophet used to retire from time to time into a hill called
Jabal al-Nur, the Mountain of Light.
When you climb up that mountain and many people still do
it, on top of it is a cave called al-Hira in Arabic Into which the
Prophet would often times retire in order to contemplate,
and to pray. To be still with God. The coming of the
revelation was an immediate act. The descent from heaven
came suddenly.
01:14:38 ARMSTRONG:
Muhammad was woken from sleep and felt himself
absolutely enveloped by a terrifying divine presence.
He says it’s an angel that seemed to squeeze him ah in a
devastating embrace and it felt as though all the breath was
being squeezed out of his body. And a voice said to him,
"recite."
And Muhammad said, "no, I am not a reciter." The voice
again said "recite. Recite." And then squeezed, as he said
almost beyond his endurance, Muhammad felt the first
inspired words of a new scripture in Arabic pouring from his
lips.
01:15:33 NASR:
(in Arabic)That is recite in the name of thy lord who created.
01:15:44 ARMSTRONG:
And Islam had come into being.
01:15:49 NASR:
And the prophet of course having received the divine word
began to tremble and tremendous fear because there’s no
common ground between the human reality and the divine
reality, he ran out of the cave. When he ran out of the cave
he looked back and the Archangel filled up the whole of the
sky.
01:16:15 ARMSTRONG:
VISUAL AUDIO
Everywhere you looked there was Gabriel. Not just a single

angelic image but a presence, a being, a power.
01:16:26 ARMSTRONG:
This is how the ineffable, incomprehensible, utterly
transcendent, indescribable God makes itself known to us.
This was something that really shook him to the very core of
his being. And he goes down from that mountain and he is
shaking. And I think it's, it's shock. Here is somebody who,
who's gone looking for this transcendent reality and this
transcendent reality is now replying.
01:17:02 NARRATOR
Muhammad was so shaken by this experience, he
feared he might be possessed. He ran home directly to
Khadija.
And there he flung himself into her lap and he said cover
me, cover me, hold me, until the terror had passed. Khadija
was the person who reassured him. He said, "have I
become a kahin, a soothsayer?" And she said "No my dear
this is not what God does. This revelation comes from God."
01:17:42 NARRATOR
The message Muhammad received on the Mountain of

Light was simple: He was to recite the words of the one
true God. But Muhammad still had doubts that his
experience was genuine.
Khadija ah, thought it would be a good idea to go to consult

her cousin Waraqa who was a Christian.
She is saying, we need to go to somebody that knows about
these things. Because if you're told you're being given a
message from God, well, there have been previous
messages. So, let's go ask Waraqa. Who knows the
VISUAL AUDIO
scripture. He knows, uh, the Torah and the, the Gospel.

And as soon as Waraqa heard about this, he immediately
said, Muhammad is the prophet ah who will bring the
revelation of the one God to the Arabs, and he warned
Muhammad uh that he would have a really rough time.
.01:18:40 HAMZA YUSUF
He says, your people are going to reject you and they will
chase you out of this city. This has never come to any
human being, except they were persecuted. Because this is
basically undermining the paradigm.
01:18:57 REUVEN FIRESTONE
And after a while Muhammad began to realize that the
messages he had been receiving fit a pattern that he knew
about from Jewish and Christian tradition as well. And that
is that there are such things as prophets. There are people
who receive messages from the divine and that he began to
realize that indeed he was one of them as well.
01:19:23 MOHAMED ZAKARIYA
When we think of prophecy, we come from a tradition in
America where we think of Charlton Heston, you know, the
great big beard and the winds always blowing. And he's,
wearing raggedy clothes and they're, and they're ranting
people. You know, they're ranting and raving.
In the Islamic view a prophet isn't this kind of person at all.
But it's the person who has been selected very reluctantly
from his people. God selected him and they couldn’t get out
of the clutches in a sense, they had to do it.
You have to think in terms of a tribal Bedouin society. What
is the worst thing that could happen to somebody? It is not
death. It is shame. And so I am sure that in his own mind,
the idea of being shamed was probably very important. I
mean think of the double loss of face, you know he’s gonna
lose face, he’s gonna be shamed in front of his people. He’s
gonna be shamed in front of Allah who gave him that
message.
VISUAL AUDIO
One of the drawing features to me as a non-Muslim who

came from just a very diverse background, was his humility.
And his humanness.
01:20:43 NARRATOR
Kevin James is a Supervising Fire Marshal in Brooklyn,
New York who converted to Islam as a young man.
I felt a kinship to him also personally. And there's probably
about a billion Muslims who would say the same thing,
personal, this personal kinship that they feel with him. Ah
he grew up an orphan, now I'm not an orphan, I have two
parents.
But my position in society, I've always felt, separate.
America is a racial nation. And either you’re Black, you're
White, you're Italian, you're Jewish, you're this and that. So
coming from a mixed background, I've felt like, kind of, in
limbo.
My father is Native American and African-American and my
mother is Jewish. They were very a-religious I would say to
the point of being atheist or agnostic.
I recall as a child we'd get a dreidel on Hanukkah, we had a
menorah in the house and we also had a Christmas tree
and exchanged presents. So, I just never really identified
with any religion, but what was always emphasized was
discussion and dialogue and seeking for the truth.
So I went through a period of trial and error searching. And I
stumbled, I guess, I almost literally stumbled on Islam.
What appealed to me was the universality of the message.
Any religion that gives a code of righteous ethical conduct
and respect and gratitude and obedience to one being, is
Islam.
So, here's a book, the Holy Quran, that validates other

religions, the diversity of mankind and it puts the onus of
salvation on the believer.
VISUAL AUDIO
The Quran teaches you that the saving of one life is as if

you've saved all of humanity. And that's one of the reasons
why I became a firefighter. What more noble calling than
that to save a person's life, to save people, to save their
property.
01:23:11 FDNY MARSHAL #1
There was another fire in the back.
K. JAMES
Okay. Yeah. So show me what you have.
From being a fire fighter, I became a Fire Marshall, that's an

arson investigator. That's another form of prevention, of
saving lives.
01:23:25 06:33:10 K. JAMES
I guess there’s no doubt what caused this.
The fire fighter, he'll risk his life to save you whether you're
Black, brown, red, Jew, Muslim, Christian, Atheist.
He's not asking you what your philosophy is or looking at
your color. He's looking to get you out of the building.
That's why many people say that fire fighting is a calling,
because of that self-sacrifice. The willingness to just put
others before yourself.
To be a good Muslim, you serve people. And specifically,

Prophet Muhammad, he asked the question to people
around him: Do you love your creator? Serve your fellow
man first.
VISUAL AUDIO
01:24:10 NARRATOR
The message Muhammad had received from God

revealed that his people would be held accountable in
the next life for their behavior in this one. Although
Muhammad was initially reluctant to tell others about
his experience, a new revelation commanded him to
make his message public.
So he calls all of his family members together and he says,
what would you say if I told you that there was this army
waiting to attack us on the other side of that hill. They said,
we would believe you and he said what would you say if I
told you I'm a messenger from God. They think it's absurd.
You, you called us together for this? And he says, will no
one support me in this. And the only person is a, is a child
Ali who is his cousin, uh, gets up and says, I will support
you. And they, they think this is hilarious. That this is, this
is who is going to follow this prophet is, is a child.
Think about it, there is a man, a middle-aged man, who
doesn't know how to read or write, who has no wealth, who
is an orphan, yes he is from a very important tribe, but he
works for a woman, and he now says, I'm the Prophet. God
has spoken to me. This is not going to fly.
01:25:37 NARRATOR
The divine message that Muhammad brought to his
fellow Meccans carried with it a sharp warning for their
increasingly materialistic society.
He was coming to warn the people of Mecca and the
surrounding countryside and his own tribe of Quraysh that
unless they pulled themselves together and started creating
a more just and decent society, restoring the old tribal
values of looking after the poor, the orphan, the widow, the
oppressed, then there was going to be a terrible
catastrophe.
VISUAL AUDIO
The Arabs did not believe in after life. They really thought
that life ended with death and there was no resurrection,
there was no coming back, there was no reincarnation.
So now Muhammad is saying, you know that one God we
spoke of? When you are going to die, you don't just
disappear. But you're going to be accountable to that God
for the good deeds and the bad deeds.
He was bringing a moral, ethical, social message to his
people.
That we're all in the same boat before God and we must
treat each other well with compassion and justice, and
equity.
01:26:57 NARRATOR
The revelation that Muhammad received on the
Mountain of Light was only the first of many that he
would continue to receive for the rest of his life.
The revelation does not come in a lump sum. It doesn't just
come down from heaven, here is the book. Now go out and
teach it to the people. No. It is coming down slowly. It's
coming down as events unfold. And it's explaining the
events, but it's also coming down in a way that he can
absorb it. Because the idea is that this thing is so
tremendous. This thing is so immense that it's not
something that we can give you all at once. This is going to
take time.
He used to say that I never once experienced a revelation
without feeling that my soul had been torn from my body.
01:27:49 SEYYED HOSSEIN NASR
The prophet could be sitting, he could be on horseback, he

could be walking, he could be talking. He was suddenly
seized by the divine word.
VISUAL AUDIO
He would feel a great weight descend upon him. He would

sweat profusely even on a cold day. Sometimes he said it
would be like the reverberations of a bell. And that he said is
hardest for me, it's not the words that were coming. But he
would have to listen very hard for the meaning of what
communication, divine communication was coming through.
01:28:27 NARRATOR
After Muhammad received each revelation, he would
recite it to the people who were with him, and they
would pass it on to the community.
When the Prophet, who did not know how to read and write,
started revealing the words of the Quran, they acquired
credibility because of the very nature of the words spoken.
People would, would look at it, this is, my goodness, this
cannot be the words of a man. He could not have made this
up.
01:28:58 QAZWINI RECITES FROM THE QURAN IN ARABIC
The Quran is the most extraordinary beautiful discourse. It
doesn’t come over in translation, but the Arabic is
extraordinary.
When the first Muslims heard The Quran, many of them
were converted to the prophet’s message. Not necessarily
because of its content but because of its beauty.
01:29:50 JOHN VOLL
That revelation was presented in a society where there were

people who were professional memorizers. They could hear
something recited once and they could repeat it. The
recitation then by Muhammad was carefully preserved
immediately in the minds of memorizers, and in the minds of
people who were able to write down notes. What we now
call the Quran represented the complete collection of those
words that Muhammad recited when he said this is the
revelation of God.
VISUAL AUDIO
01:30:28 ZAKARIYA:
All we have of the prophet and all we have of the word of

God is actually words. We don't have any pictures. We don't
have any statues. All we have left is words. We can take
those words and through the art of calligraphy we can make
them more vivid, more accessible.
01:30:50 NARRATOR
For Mohamed Zakariya, words are the basis of an art
form. To prevent idolatry, Muhammad discouraged the
creation of any images of himself or other prophets.
Calligraphy eventually became Islam’s highest art form.
Among the sacred texts Zakariya writes is the Hilye, a

portrait of the Prophet in words.
Transmitted from Ali, who, when asked to describe the
prophet, would say: “His face was not narrow, nor was it
fully round, but there was a little bit of roundness to it.
When he looked at someone, he looked at them with his
face turned perfectly towards them. Whoever saw him
unexpectedly was in awe of him, and whoever associated
with him familiarly loved him. Anyone who would describe
him would say, ‘I never saw before him or after him the like
of him. Peace be upon him.’”
That’s the most famous of the Hilyes.
It gives you a description of the qualities of a person so that
you can almost see them in your, uh, eyes, in your mind’s
eye. I like to think it’s like having a little memento of the
prophet near you so that you can look at it and think of it
now and then. And of course, he’s not with us, but the Hilye
brings him, uh, his presence a little closer.
MUHAMMAD was always very insistent that he was not a
divine figure and he always warned his followers not to do
with him what the Christians had done to Jesus and put him
on a pedestal and say that he was God or divine. He was
not, he was an ordinary human being and the Muslims have
taken that seriously.
VISUAL AUDIO
But what they do say is that MUHAMMAD is the perfect

man. That if you look at MUHAMMAD, you can see how a
perfect act of surrender to the divine had been made.
01:33:01 NARRATOR
Muhammad’s message slowly began to attract
followers; especially among the downtrodden and the
oppressed within Meccan society.
It's really the people that don't have anything, uh, to lose
and everything to gain. They are the ones that are
responding to this message.
Many of the followers are poor people, slaves, women that

don't have protectors. It's spreading amongst the
disenfranchised of Mecca.
01:33:30 IMAM QAZWINI
Prophet Muhammad noticed that he lives in a society that

denigrate women. They were viewed as second-hand
citizens, an object or personal belongings that belong to the
man. And that disturbed the Prophet.
01:33:52 NARRATOR
Early in his prophetic career, Muhammad condemned
female infanticide.
Later revelations would give women legal rights in
marriage, allow them to divorce, and protect their
inheritance rights.
Of course, it's absurd and anachronistic to expect

Muhammad to be a feminist in the 21st Century sense. Uh,
but nevertheless, what he did for women in the context of
his times was amazing.
01:34:21 NARRATOR
Although most women were second-class citizens in

pre-Islamic Arabia, Muhammad's own wife, Khadija, was
VISUAL AUDIO
wealthy and powerful.

There's been this idea that women prior to Islam were
chattel, that they had no rights. And I think that for many
many levels of the women, that is true, but for a certain level
of woman, which Khadija would have been amongst, that is
not true.
01:34:50 DAISY KHAN
Khadija is an inspiration because in spite of the male
dominated society that she lived in, she was a working
woman. And so there are some parallels for modern
women to to learn from her example.
01:35:05 DAISY KHAN
I grew up in Kashmir, which is in the foothills of the
Himalayas, northern India. And I came to America when I
was 15 years old. As I started becoming part and parcel of
this culture and society, I gravitated towards just wanting to
be like everybody else. And tended to stray away from my
own faith. And for awhile there I went through some very,
very dark stages in my life, where I wanted nothing to do
with my faith, and almost just walked away from my faith.
As I got older I recognized that there was this very empty
hole inside of me. So I started searching for God in all kinds
of places. You know Rumi has this beautiful story where he
says, “I looked for God, I went to a temple, and I didn't find
him there. Then I went to a church and I didn't find him
there. And then I went to a mosque and I didn’t find him
there. And then finally I looked in my heart and there he
was.”
The challenges that I faced in my life are the very same
challenges that a lot of young girls are facing. And, when
they come to me with their questions, I feel like a person
who has already traveled the road. I dispense advice to
them, from real experience as to how I would have dealt
with something.
01:36:40 Mentoring Group
WOMAN IN PINK SWEATER
I've noticed how when it comes to women we are only

VISUAL AUDIO
supposed to marry Muslim men. Uh, why is that now?

Especially because the Quran says that, believing men and
women should marry, believing men and women, it doesn't
point out that men can marry such and women can't.
WOMAN IN PINK HIJAB
I’ve heard plenty of people say that in fact that’s an
interpretation.
01:36:59 DAISY KHAN
Some of the issues are deeply personal, ah issues with
gender relations, like dating and ah marriage. And other
issues have to do with you know certain Islamic law and
how to reconcile with some of those things.
Woman
I want to exchange with her. See? Her's is prettier.
DAISY KHAN
And these are all sticky wickets as we say. The fact that I've
walked the walk helps a little bit for me to dispense advice to
these people.
01:37:31 DAISY GIVES CALL TO PRAYER IN ARABIC
01:37:53 NARRATOR
In Mecca, opposition to Muhammad was growing. His
message of monotheism and his campaign against
idolatry threatened the lucrative trade that fueled the
Meccan economy.
The business of Mecca is to draw pilgrims to Mecca. They
want to make money. And the way they draw pilgrims to
Mecca is, people come visit their gods. Well, here’s
somebody who is saying, these gods, they are not real.
They're stones, they're rocks. You're wasting your time.
Now, that message has economic implications to the
Quraysh. They are worried. This, this man is going to
undermine our business.
01:38:36 NARRATOR
VISUAL AUDIO
In the tribal system Muhammad was protected by his

uncle, Abu Talib, so the Meccans went to Abu Talib and
asked him to turn Muhammad over to them.
Abu Talib was in a difficult position. He was not a Muslim.
But it went against the grain for him to simply hand over his
beloved nephew to these people who would kill him with
impunity. So he took Muhammad to one side and said look
don't do this. Don't do this. Don't do this to us. Can't you
just keep quiet?
And at that point the Prophet says if they put the sun in my
right hand and the moon in my left hand I will not stop
preaching what I am preaching until this message is
conveyed or I die conveying it. And this is what he tells his
uncle and at that point he begins to weep. And his Uncle
looks at him and realizes the depth of the conviction of this
man and he says say whatever you want, you have my
protection.
One of the things that the prophet Muhammad S.A.W.
taught us was that it is our duty to try to correct injustices in
the world. If you see something wrong, change it with your
hands. If you're not able to, then speak out against it. If
you're not able to do that, then feel bad about it in your
heart. But that is the weakest form of faith.
Wherever possible the Muslim should try to take action. And
not let an injustice go by without calling it what it is, and
asking for change.
01:40:33 CONGRESSMAN MEEKS
Alright. What do we have?
JOHNSON TO MEEKS
The book’s prepared for the week.

01:40:35 NARRATOR
Dealing with change is part of Jameel Johnson’s job.
VISUAL AUDIO
As Chief-of-Staff for Congressman Gregory Meeks of

New York, he manages the congressman’s schedule,
and briefs him on policy issues.
01:40:49 JAMEEL JOHNSON (TO MEEKS)
The biggest problem with the bill is that there’s the issue of
discrimination using federal funds. Because it’s not like a
private plan.
CONG. MEEKS
So you’re telling me that you recommend a no vote.
J. JOHNSON
I’m recommending a no vote. As we had said in the
beginning, I’m gonna give you the technical part and what I
think the issue is, you take care of the politics.
MEEKS
Good deal…What else do we have?
My goal is not necessarily to simply seek votes or campaign

money or to be accepted as a part of the game. As Muslims
we must seek justice, so what I try to do is educate.
In many cases the best thing that you are able to do with
that kind of education is decrease prejudice and increase
understanding.
If I practice my Islam on the job and do that without trying to

interfere with anyone else's practice, whether they be
religious or otherwise, then I make it easier for the next
Muslim that comes on board. Especially also if I do a good
job, because then some of the prejudice, some of the
misunderstanding goes away.
01:41:57 NARRATOR
Johnson coordinates the Friday prayer service, or
Jumah, on Capitol Hill.
It’s grown since we started it, it used to be sometimes 3, 5,

10 of us. Now there can be up to 40, 50 people. We’re
VISUAL AUDIO
busting out of the room that we’re in.
It’s kind of a re-energizing, kind of refilling our fuel tank with

faith again for the rest of the week.
01:42:24 JUMAH PRAYER LEADER
The image of the messenger that gives us an example of
somebody who is extremely successful as a head of state
nevertheless he never had to compromise his integrity.
One of the most important things for a Muslim is remaining
constantly in remembrance of Allah. What we are
commanded to do is that we make, formal prayer 5 times a
day. Because when you live in a society that constantly
gives you acceptance and praise because of material things
or achievement, we need that constant remembrance of
Allah in order to bring us back to the right path. As some
say, keeping our eyes on the prize. And prayer is that
remembrance.
Even though Islam isn’t the biggest faith in America, even
though it sometimes is ridiculed, the fact of the matter is that
I can practice, I can make my five prayers a day. It was
much harder for the Messenger of Allah S.A.W and his
companions to do this.
01:43:47 NARRATOR
The first Muslims faced a torrent of ridicule and abuse
when they practiced Islam in public. Attacked by
crowds throwing stones, they retreated to the
surrounding mountains to pray in secret.
Many pagan families split apart when their children

converted to Islam.
Finally, the leaders of Muhammad’s tribe, the Quraysh,
decided that Harassment alone would not be enough to
stop him.
The Quraysh, they see it as our honor is being threatened,
we need to deal with this. This is the point where they begin
to really increase their persecution, they start sanctions on
the house of Beni Hashim, which is the sub-clan of the
VISUAL AUDIO
Prophet Muhammad. They begin to prevent them from

trading, from transacting.
And that meant that basically they were being starved out.
They couldn't buy food, they couldn't do business. Abu
Talib ah was ruined by this.
The Hashim lived in one street and Muhammad and Khadija

and the children moved into this street. And this became a
little Muslim ghetto.
01:45:05 YUSUF
And this leads to real hardship. There's a period of time
where according to the tradition they're actually eating from
the leaves of trees.
01:45:13 NARRATOR
Famine destroyed the fortunes of Muhammad’s
protector, Abu Talib, and his follower Abu Bakr. The
survival of both the clan and Islam were in jeopardy.
But for Muhammad the damage hit even closer to home.
Khadija, Muhammad's beloved wife, uh perhaps weakened
by the privations, actually died. And that was just a crippling
blow for him. Left him feeling alone and vulnerable and
weak. He would miss her all his life, I think.
Then the catastrophe happened that Abu Talib died.
Perhaps himself weakened by the deprivation in food. Now
without Abu Talib, Muhammad was fair game for
assassination.
And there's a terrible moment where he utters this heart

breaking prayer, saying oh my god I have no other protector
but you, Allah. And how was he going to move forward?
He'd done what Allah had told him to do. He had proclaimed
this message and all that he seemed to have done was stir
up hostility and hatred. Um and split his tribe down the
middle, this wasn't improving matters. He must have felt an
almost, a sort of a dark night of the soul.
VISUAL AUDIO
He is at the low point of his mission. He's been almost 13

years now in Mecca and the results are not, they are not
impressive. But at this point, at this low ebb, he is now being
prepared for the most extraordinary mystical experience of
his prophetic life, and that is what is known as the night
ascension.
The story goes that one night he was sleeping near the
Ka'aba and he was woken from sleep by Gabriel who
mounted him on a Buraq, a magical stead, and they flew
from Mecca to Jerusalem. And then he began an ascent. Up
through the seven heavens to the divine throne, at every
stage of the heavens he meets various prophets of the past.
He meets Abraham, he meets Jesus, and John the Baptist.
He meets Moses and finally he enters into the divine
presence and there the sources are silent because when
you enter into the presence of God you have gone beyond
words.
And he receives from God, the highest form of knowledge
and truth and many injunctions of the religion itself including
the final form of the daily prayers Now all of this took place
in a time beyond time. That's why some sources say that as
the door was swinging when he left, it was still swinging
when he came back.
01:48:39 JOHN VOLL
For later Muslims this also meant that the departure point,
that is Jerusalem, the Dome of the Rock, became also
important. Many Muslims say that there are three holy cities
in Islam: Mecca, and Medina, the City of the Prophet, and
Jerusalem.
When he comes back somebody asks him what have you

been doing, he says I went to Jerusalem last night and this
man says, you went to Jerusalem last night? Are you willing
to say that publicly? So they assemble this group and they
tell him, describe for us Jerusalem and he begins to
describe it in very exact detail. And they're shocked. They
don't what to make of this now.
VISUAL AUDIO
01:49:30 NARRATOR
The story of the Night Journey not only incited

Muhammad's enemies. It caused doubt even among
some of his followers.
This is something that they hadn't really expected. A
journey that takes them a month to be made in an evening
and to come back. What Abu Bakr says is listen, I believe
that he's getting messages from God. That is certainly more
extraordinary than making a Night Journey to Jerusalem.
01:49:59 NARRATOR
As Muhammad’s relationship with the Meccans

continued to deteriorate, his enemies decided that the
time had come to eliminate him.
And they decide to get a youth from each clan. They all
come together and they're going to strike him with one blow
together. So, the blood is distributed amongst all the clans.
01:50:23 NARRATOR
Under cover of darkness the assassins surrounded
Muhammad’s home. Inside a covered figure lay asleep.
As dawn broke, they prepared to strike. But Muhammad
had been forewarned of the plot. He asked his cousin
Ali, whom he knew the Quraysh would not harm, to take
his place. By the time the assassins burst into his
home, Muhammad and his companion Abu Bakr had
escaped into the desert.
01:50:57 NARRATOR
With the Meccans in hot pursuit, Muhammad and Abu
Bakr set out on a circuitous route to the oasis
settlement of Yathrib, 250 miles to the north. For
several months, Muhammad had been sending his
followers there for refuge. Now, he was about to join
them.
VISUAL AUDIO
Yathrib was quite different from Mecca. It was an

agricultural settlement. People grew dates and they had
farms and there were a number of clans and tribes living
together in the settlement.
The settlement was engulfed in tribal warfare of the worst
kind. It was an example of where the whole system in
Arabia was beginning to break down. One killing led to
another and nobody could seem to find a solution.
01:51:55 NARRATOR
Nobody, that is, until the clans of Yathrib heard about
the trustworthy Muhammad. Hoping he could unify its
warring factions, which included two major pagan tribes
and their Jewish allies, a delegation from Yathrib had
taken the dramatic step of inviting Muhammad to move
to their settlement.
The deal is that he will serve as their binding arbitrator, that
is both sides to the conflict have agreed already that they
will accept the arbitration of Muhammad, whatever it would
be.
The people of Yathrib vowed that they would take the

Muslims on board as honorary tribesmen, they would be
their protectors. Anyone who hurt the Muslims, they would
retaliate. And the Muslims agreed to do the same.
This move from your tribe to join up with people who were of
no kin to you at all was absolutely unheard of.
Muhammad was really going off into the wilderness here, he
was breaking every tie. Doing something utterly shocking
and novel.
VISUAL AUDIO
When Prophet Muhammad was leaving he stood up on a hill

and he was looking on Mecca and his tears were coming
down out of his eyes.
And he talked to Mecca and he said God knows that I love
you Mecca, so much, but it is your people who are chasing
me out.
01:53:30 NARRATOR
In Yathrib, Muhammad’s followers anxiously awaited
the Prophet’s arrival. Had the man they hoped would
save them been able to save himself? Had the Meccans
captured or even killed him?
When Muhammad finally reached the outskirts of the
city, his relieved followers rushed to greet him with a
song Muslims around the world still sing 1400 years
later.
01:54:06 KIDS SINGING in Arabic
NEW HORIZON'S SCHOOL KIDS SINGING

Oh the wise moon rose over us, from the valley of Wadan.
And we always do show gratefulness where the call is to
Allah.
01:54:25 NARRATOR
Muhammad’s arrival marked the beginning of a
dramatic new chapter in the history of Islam. For the
first time, he would be the leader of a sovereign
community, based on Islamic law. Yathrib would
henceforth become known as Medina.
VISUAL AUDIO
Muhammad arrives in Medina as somebody who was

escaping danger. He's been invited there but he doesn't
know what to expect.. So at each stage of his life, there's a
new challenge and obviously, new fears and new doubts.
And so, he started thinking in terms of policy. In terms of
strategy. In terms of tactics. And that's what ultimately
made him into a statesman. Because that's what statesmen
do.
Now unlike Jesus, or the Buddha, who seem to have been

purely spiritual leaders with no temporal responsibilities
whatever, MUHAMMAD found himself now head of state.
Having transferred the Muslim families from MECCA to
Medina.
He now had to make sure they could survive there.

01:55:39 NARRATOR
The survival of the fledgling community depended on
its ability to defend itself against attacks from Mecca.
To respond to this possibility, Muhammad developed a
novel political solution.
01:55:54 Reuven Firestone
He essentially establishes a pact, an agreement, sometimes
it's called the Constitution Of Medina. Whether you were a
Pagan or a Muslim or a member of the Jewish tribes or any
other tribes in Medina, you had to sign on to this pact. And
the pact established that, if there were ever an attack on
Medina from the outside, all the inhabitants of the town of
would be responsible to defend the city. This way,
Muhammad really developed a revolutionary idea which was
transcend your tribal responsibilities, your petty
particularism, and begin to think in larger terms, as a entire
community.
VISUAL AUDIO
Now this was a very fearful terrifying time for Muslims but
nevertheless it was seen as a creative time when faith was
at its strongest. It’s a creative act for Muslims to look back
at the Muslim community in Medina and try to apply the
ideals to their own society so that they can reproduce
something of the Prophet’s original spirit.
I came here to this country and I came with a feeling that I
left back in my original country in Iraq many memories,
many painful memories, one of them that my grandfather as
well as 13 members of all my family were persecuted and
imprisoned by the dictator Saddam Hussein. That reminds
me of the agony and pain many early immigrants went
through when they came to Medina.
01:57:40 NARRATOR
Like many other Muslims who have fled persecution in

their native countries, Imam Hassan Qazwini, was
drawn to America by the promise of religious freedom
and economic opportunity.
NARRATOR
He emigrated to Dearborn Michigan, a community that
boasts the highest per capita concentration of Muslims
in the United States, where people are almost as likely
to speak Arabic as English.
Hijra, migration, it has a shining aspect for me. As well as
for the Prophet and his companions who came with him
from Mecca to Medina. And that shining aspect was the
freedom, religious freedom that they faced in Medina.
Muslims here in America, they feel they are more free in
practicing their religion than many other Muslim countries.
VISUAL AUDIO
In many ways this whole immigration process from Mecca to

Medina very much parallels what's happened in my own city
here in Dearborn, in our own backyard. And I see it play out
in the hospital where I work.
01:58:58 N. BAZZY SPEAKING ARABIC TO PATIENT
01:59:05 NARRATOR
Najah Bazzy is a nurse at Dearborn’s Oakwood
Hospital. She conducts training sessions to help bridge
the gap of understanding between the hospital staff and
their Muslim patients, many of whom are immigrants.
01:59:20 NAJAH BAZZY SPEAKING TO GROUP
I know you're all nurses, and I know that you're in this
profession, just as I am, to serve, to do a good job. But it's
real easy for us to get caught up in our own baggage.
We're all human and we all have a certain set of
preconceived notions, just as you walk through the door and
you saw me for the first time, just as you might have seen
Alijah.
In the sensitivity training inevitably, they know very little
about the faith of Islam. They think that the faith of Islam is
a very maybe terroristic, militant, barbaric, spread by the
sword faith. And so when they have a Muslim up there
talking about patient rights, dignity, issues around health
and illness, all of a sudden you see all of these stereotypes
that people have as part of, you know, the baggage as we
grow up, just kind of fall.
02:00:13 NAJAH BAZZY SPEAKING TO GROUP
When you transcend culture, you arrive at a universal place
where our humanness is all the same. You grieve the same.
We all cry when someone we love dies. When we deliver,
those of us who deliver, we all experience labor.
VISUAL AUDIO
Something happened in Dearborn that further established a

need for this kind of work, and that was a huge immigration
process as a result of the Gulf War.
02:00:36 NARRATOR
As a critical care nurse, Najah Bazzy often has to
counsel patients with terminal illnesses, like this Iraqi
immigrant who has just been diagnosed with uterine
cancer.
02:00:48 NAJAH BAZZY TO NURSE IN HALLWAY
I said to her what do you think you have? And she said I
have an infection in the uterus and they took it out. Maybe
she’s not hearing it the first time, maybe she doesn’t need to
hear it. Maybe she can’t hear it.
02:01:01 NAJAH TO OTHER NURSE IN HALLWAY
They’re just not saying the “C” word at all. They're not using
that word with her. And they want to just maintain hope, and
uh …just want to treat it delicately, okay? (Okay.) Alright.
Ok ..Thanks
Salaam Alaykum
These are families immigrating from a way of life. And
mostly because they have been torn by war. And so they
get here and the helpers are here. And it's quite obligatory
to be that helper.
02:01:40 NARRATOR
When Muhammad arrived in Medina, he made it clear
that helping immigrants would be one of the
cornerstones of the new Islamic society.
VISUAL AUDIO
This is his message, spread peace, feed people food, and

do some devotional practice and you will enter paradise
without any trouble. Two-thirds of that message is about
other people. The secret of Medina is it's a place where
human beings are going to attempt to live up to the ideal of
the Islamic tradition.
02:02:18 JOHN VOLL
Part of the arrangement was that the people of Medina
agreed that they would provide housing and support for the
immigrants as they came in.
And very often they were even paired so that certain people
had direct responsibility for specific people from Mecca.
And that did not take place in 24 hours. It came step by
step, step by step, and within a few months, you now had
two groups, the Helpers, so called, El Ansar, that is, those
Medinan Arabs who had become Muslims, and the
Meccans, who had become Muslims before them.
And in this way, for the first time, he created the Islamic
Ummah, that is, the Islamic people. That bond which
transcends all other bonds.
He said to these people, these are now your neighbors,
these are your brothers and sisters. He establishes that
sense of humanity, that Ummah. We are all connected to
one another, we are all responsible for one another.
02:03:24 N. BAZZY TO VOLUNTEERS
A couple of you guys to carry to my car, ok?
There's a mosque in the heart of Detroit and it's run by an
Imam who started a soup kitchen. I want the kids to be able
to see that that's part of Muhammad's message.
VISUAL AUDIO
02:03:40 YOUTH
This is the exit right here.

Hang on everybody it's a sharp turn.
02:03:44 NADIA BAZZY
Hajji is like not a good driver.
02:03:47
NAJAH BAZZY
Listen, I'm a good driver.
02:03:50
CATHOLIC MAN
This is the first test. If you can't pass this test the rest of it's
off.
02:03:56 IMAM ABDULLAH EL-AMIN
The majority of the ones that come for the soup kitchen are
non- Muslim. It's only about, maybe one or two people that
are Muslim that come for the soup kitchen.
And we let them know that it's a part of who we are, as to
why we're doing this. It's a part of what God has
commanded for the Muslims, for a human being to be
charitable.
VISUAL AUDIO
02:04:16 CATHOLIC MAN
I’m studying to be ordained as a Catholic Deacon, so I had

run into Abdullah when he made a presentation about Islam
and uh…I was really attracted to the works of this mosque.
I was never aware that there was an active part of Muslim
faith life that really reached out to the poor. I wasn’t even
sure that it was part of your creed. Abdullah went through
misunderstandings that would commonly exist…he started
with the term Black Muslim. What does that bring to mind?
And honestly it brought to mind certain things that would
make you fearful. Certain kinds of maybe aggressive
behavior, nationalistic kinds of thinking, you know, as if we
are going carve ourselves off from the others and have no
fellowship. He said if I tell you what the stereotypes are that
I have of Catholics, when you listen to them, you’ll say oh
those are extreme examples, those are not what we are
about.
Dearborn is the place where the early immigrants of Arab,
Lebanese and Middle Eastern people came and settled
down. This country embraced them and opened its door for
them. Yet they needed time to adjust and go through that
difficulty they faced when they came to this country. It's two
different societies, two different cultures.
02:05:57 NARRATOR
Najah and Ali Bazzy are raising their family in the
suburbs of Dearborn. Their children are third generation
American Muslims.
02:06:08 ALLIE BAZZY
We're trying to combine the best of both worlds and giving
our kids the family values that our parents teach and realize
that they live in, uh, you know, a land in the United States
which has, you know, many opportunities for our kids to
prosper in.
VISUAL AUDIO
02:06:19 SON
You still can’t beat me.

ALLIE
I’ll beat you tonight.
02:06:21 SON
Can you? Huh?
ALLIE
Can you shoot five and 0?
SON
I can shoot 5 and 0 from anywhere.
ALLIE
5 and 0 anywhere? Right now? Let's go.
02:06:27 NARRATOR
Like many Dearborn families the Bazzy’s struggle daily
to balance the sometimes conflicting demands of their
faith and modern American society.
CUE #43 NARRATOR
Their daughter Nadia, has decided to wear the hijab, or
head covering, that was first worn by Muhammad’s
wives. Many Muslim women still wear the hijab as a
sign of modesty and piety.
02:06:51 NAJAH BAZZY TO NADIA
Well, we're gonna back you one way or the other. That's a
given.
Our daughter came to us and said, I made a decision. And
she's 16 now. And she said, I've decided that I want to wear
hijab.
VISUAL AUDIO
The last time when you put it on, right?

NADIA BAZZY
You made me take it off.
ALLIE BAZZY
No, I didn't make you take it off. I sort of persuade you
thinking, try and bring it out the other, end of the light of it,
right? And you resented me for that, correct?
NADIA BAZZY
Big time.
02:07:19
ALLIE BAZZY
I just thought maybe if you go through high school, and then

put it on after high school, that then, if then, at least at that
point in life, you'll be able to see what you want to do in life,
and that. Because you gotta understand something. You
know, you never know where you're gonna be and where
you're gonna go in life.
I mean, it's, sure, this hijab is accepted in our community
here, and, you know, you maybe do well. And you end up
being a doctor or a lawyer, whatever, you'll be doing very
well for yourself. But look what just happened to you when
you went down to Tennessee. I mean, here you have her
driving a bus, and the state police trooper wants to stop
over, we've got a whole bus full of people, because he sees
hijabs.
I think for Nadia, he probably feels much like I feel. There is

great reverence for it, and then there's that, that oh my
gosh, I want to protect my daughter from the world. I don't
want people to think she's a terrorist. I don't want people to
think she's oppressed. I don't want people to think I'm her
father, I made her put that on her head. All of those kinds of
things come into play.
VISUAL AUDIO
02:08:12 NAJAH TO NADIA
I don’t think Baba is, you know, trying to hurt you here. He’s
trying to show you a picture of the real world, and what you
need to do is show him a real picture of your world. He’s a
father, he has some legitimate concerns.
02:08:23 ALLIE
So my point is that you’re still the same Nadia.

NAJAH
Ali, maybe she's not done talking to you. You've talked to
her. Give her a few minutes and now let her talk to you.
02:08:33
NADIA
Do you know that I'm, that I'm doing this for myself and for
you?
ALLIE
Remember something. You're not doing it for me. You're
doing it for yourself and God. All right? You're the one who
has to answer to God.
NADIA
So do you.
ALLIE
I will answer to God. Don’t worry about that. I have my
positives and my negatives in life and I will answer to God,
don’t worry about it.
NADIA
Baba, all that I do is a reflection of you.
ALLIE
You're in good shape, then. You're in good shape, right?
NAJAH
So are we at peace?
ALLIE
I never knew we were at war
NADIA
VISUAL AUDIO
Muhammad also tells you that, you know, you should

always give what's best, uh, for your daughter. And me as a
father, I'm just trying to give my daughter the opportunity.
To be able to see, uh, life from a wider angle and a bigger
perspective.
People would immigrate into different parts of the country,
but what was interesting is that they would all manage to
find their way into Dearborn, a great many of them. And the
reason for that is because the mosques were in place.
02:10:07 NARRATOR
Dearborn’s newest mosque will be the largest in North
America. Like the first mosque in Medina, it is being
built with help from the entire community.
There's great feelings of ownership to the mosque when the

community builds it.
People are baking food. Every year they contribute
between $50,000 to $100,000 to the income and the
operating costs of our mosque.
So, we have the building of this mosque, kind of

metaphorically, and the laying of the bricks and this new
foundation with all these new immigrants in Dearborn. And
everybody brings their contribution.
VISUAL AUDIO
Prophet Muhammad established the first center in Medina

for Muslims and that was his mosque.
And it was not only a place where Muslims go and do their
prayer, or offer their supplication, it was the center for the
entire community. It was the headquarters of the Prophet.
He would become a judge and solve problems among

people inside the mosque. So he receives delegations, he
would declare war or peace. The mosque was serving
multiple purposes in the life of Prophet Muhammad.
02:11:33 NARRATOR
It was at the mosque that Muhammad discussed a

sweeping change in strategy with his followers. After
years of exercising restraint in the face of persecution
by the Meccans, Muhammad received a clear new
revelation that marked a dramatic departure from the
past. It gave the Muslims limited permission to take up
arms in self-defense. The statesman was about to
become a general.
For 13 years, there's been no sanction to fight.
Then a revelation comes that says, those who have been
removed unjustly from their homes, and have been fought
because of their religious beliefs, are sanctioned to fight to
defend themselves.
Killing is always abhorrent, the QURAN makes it very clear
about that, and the QURAN says that it's always wrong to
start a war, to be an aggressor.
But persecution is worse than killing.
When people have been driven from their homes, or
deprived of their basic human rights, when an evil ideology
comes into the world, sometimes, regrettably, it may be
necessary to fight and sometimes lives will be lost.
VISUAL AUDIO
02:12:45 NARRATOR
Muhammad’s first large military engagement occurred

near the town of Badr, when 313 Muslims set out to
surprise a caravan from Muhammad’s own tribe, the
Quraysh.
In a sense, the battle of Badr, which became such a

landmark in Muslim history, ah was a sort of mistake. Ah,
the Muslims had planned a conventional raid but the
Meccans, when they heard that this band of renegades was
attacking their great caravan, were so enraged they sent out
the whole army against them. And the Muslims were
convinced that they were going to die.
01:13:24 M.CHERIF BASSIOUNI

He never wanted to fight the Meccans. I mean, the
Meccans are his people, uh, his, his friends, his family. He
wants to co-opt them, he wants to make them the key, if you
will to the new Islamic Ummah that he's trying to form, so he
doesn't want to go to war with them.
02:13:40 NARRATOR
As he prepared to lead the Muslims into battle,
Muhammad took the unprecedented step of
establishing clear rules of engagement for his army.
He makes it very clear to his soldiers that if they have the
right to use force against the Qurayshy, that does not mean
that they will do the same thing that has been done in pre-
Islamic wars. In which women and children could be killed,
in which no prisoners could be taken, no quarter given. No,
No. He said Islam is a religion of law.
VISUAL AUDIO
02:14:16 NARRATOR
The Meccans had sent an army of about 1,000 men. As

the army approached, Muhammad prepared to make a
stand near a well. One of his soldiers suddenly
questioned his strategy, "Has God revealed it to you?"
he asked, "Or is it your own opinion?" When
Muhammad answered that he was speaking as a man,
not a prophet, the soldier suggested that they stop at a
larger well closer to the enemy, so they could deprive
them of water. Muhammad agreed at once. The change
in strategy proved decisive, and the Muslims recorded a
resounding triumph.
It was a victory that stunned the Muslims. It seemed like a
complete reversal, like a miracle. Almost a sort of revelation
of God in history. A Furqan, they called it. Something that
separated the just from the unjust.
02:15:14 NARRATOR
After the battle, Muhammad received a revelation
claiming the victory for God. The Muslims felt that
angels had been fighting alongside them. The victory
reaffirmed their belief that God was on their side, and
raised Muhammad’s status higher still. But his
followers also knew that the Meccans would seek
violent retribution.
A year later, an army of 3,000 Meccans returned to face
1,000 Muslims in the battle of Uhud. The resulting rout
left the future of Islam in mortal peril.
It was a horrible battle. And the corpses of the Muslims
were mutilated by the Meccans. And the Meccan women,
as was their wont, came out onto the battlefield and danced
around the corpses.
VISUAL AUDIO
02:16:06 NARRATOR
Sixty-five of Muhammad’s soldiers lost their lives in the

battle, including a Rabbi who had honored the Medina
Pact by fighting alongside Muhammad. The families of
the fallen Muslims were now without protectors. Then,
Muhammad received a new revelation allowing Muslim
men to safeguard these women and children by taking
as many as four wives, but only if they could treat them
equally.
That, in itself, in the context of Arabia, was a bit of a
restriction because a man could have unlimited number of
wives the context of the permission to polygamy is to say
who is going to look after these women.
It was an act of faith, not an act of lust that inspired men to
take more wives. So, it would be wrong to think of the
Prophet as basking decadently in the garden of sensual
delights with his harem. His harem was very much a matter
of state and sometimes his wives were rather a mixed
blessing.
02:17:12 NARRATOR
Although Muhammad was monogamous during
Khadija’s life, after her death he eventually married a
number of women, including one of the Uhud widows,
Umm Salama.
02:17:24 DAISY KAHN
The reason for his marriages were really political alliances.
It was a tribal society, and for Muhammad to marry into
another tribe and take a wife just meant that there was a
bond being created with this tribe.
02:17:37 NARRATOR
Among Muhammad’s wives were the daughters of his
two closest allies, Abu Bakr and Umar. Abu Bakr’s
daughter, Aisha, would become one of the most
influential women in his life.
VISUAL AUDIO
Aisha was very lively. She was, uh, brilliant. She was
somebody that questioned the prophet. She was not
somebody in any way that um took everything, she
questioned him. She said, what does that mean? Uh, why
did you do this, why did you do that? Um, she was
somebody that really had a, an incredibly active mind.
HAMZA YUSUF
She memorized vast amounts of prophetic traditions, and
she's considered to be actually, the transmitter of a large
number of, uh, traditions from the prophet Muhammad.
02:18:24 NARRATOR
In the year that followed the battle of Uhud, the
Meccans girded themselves for a final assault that they
hoped would finish off the Muslims once and for all.
They assembled one of the largest armies ever seen in
Arabia and marched on Medina. But Muhammad hit
upon a daring defense.
Muhammad has dug a trench around the whole of the
settlement. And you have an almost comic scene with the
Meccan cavalry galloping up to this trench, and pulling back
in horror, and saying what is this? They've never seen
anything so unsporting in their lives. This is something, they
say, the Arabs don't do. It sounds comical but surrounded
by the powerful Meccan army, the Muslims were expecting
all to be killed, to a man, to a woman.
02:19:17 NARRATOR
Stopped by the trench around Medina, the Meccans laid
siege to the city and to the hundreds of Muslim families
trapped inside. According to the Muslim sources, in
their determination to defeat Muhammad, the Meccans
had recruited as allies many Bedouin tribes as well as
the largest Jewish tribe within Medina, the Bani
Qurayzah. For the Muslims, this defection was the final
blow in a relationship that had been strained from the
beginning.
VISUAL AUDIO
When Muhammad came to town the organized Jewish

community did not accept his prophecy. There were,
according to the Islamic sources, some individual Jews that
did accept him, but for the most part the community as a
whole did not.
If the Jews would accept his Prophethood, then he has

tremendous and complete confirmation of his Prophethood.
But the Jews were so well respected that when they
rejected his prophethood, and they did it actively they
became a very serious political threat to his very existence
in Medina.
02:20:18 NARRATOR
Despite the aid of the Bani Qurayzah, the Meccan siege
could not break through the Muslim defenses. When
the weather turned bad, and as the Bedouin tribes
began deserting the field of battle, the Meccans
themselves lost heart and departed, abandoning their
Jewish allies to be tried by the Muslims for the crime of
treason.
Islamic sources believe that the Jews did indeed aid the
enemy in trying to defeat Muhammad. This was absolutely
against the terms of the Media agreement. The Jews and
the Muslims decided that they would choose an arbitrator to
determine what would be the future of the Jews. The person
who was chosen was a man who was mortally wounded in
the Battle of the Trench. And so he determined that the
women and children of the Bani Qurayzah would be taken
as slaves to the Muslims, and the men would be killed.
The Prophet agreed with this judgement. When he judged
he said that you have judged according to God and his
messenger. And then, uh, approximately 700 men, uh,
were killed. Uh, they were executed. So, this definitely
occurred.
VISUAL AUDIO
02:21:31 ARMSTRONG
All that can be said is that, this cannot be seen as anti-

Semitism, per se. MUHAMMAD had nothing against the
Jewish people per se, or the Jewish religion. The QURAN
continues to tell Muslims to honor the People of the Book.
And to honor their religion as authentic. And the Jewish
tribes who had not rebelled, who had not given help to the
MECCANS continued to live in MEDINA, completely
unmolested. MUHAMMAD was not trying to exterminate
Jews. He was trying to get rid of very dangerous internal
enemies.
It's unfortunate that many historians and particularly in
contemporary times, both on the Jewish and on the Muslim
side, uh, have transformed this. On the Jewish side, they
have used that as a way of saying, well, you see, the
Muslims hate the Jews and they kill them. And, and on the
Muslim side, it says, well, you see, the Jews are full of
treachery and can't be trusted. Both are wrong.
When the other tribes of the peninsula saw the impotence of
Mecca, with all its power and might against this little
community, they began to switch allegiance and see that
Muhammad was the coming man. Now once that
happened, once the tide had been turned, after the battle of
the trench, and the Muslims were no longer subject to the
fear of extermination, Muhammad stopped the fighting.
The Prophet Muhammad received a few people, militants
who just arrived from one of the battles that they came back
from and, they felt so important that we finished this job
fighting with the enemies of Islam. And the Prophet smiled
and he said let me tell you something. You finished the
minor Jihad and now you have the bigger Jihad ahead of
you. And they were stunned. They thought that they just
finished the biggest achievement in their life by being willing
to sacrifice their own life. And the Prophet explained that the
biggest Jihad is struggle against your own desires and
limitations.
VISUAL AUDIO
Jihad does not mean holy war, primarily. The word means
effort, striving. And it's always a hard struggle to put the
word of God into practice. When the Quran talks about
struggling or, they're not talking always about fighting a holy
war, they're talking about this immense struggle to
implement a divine imperative in the flawed and tragic
conditions of daily life. Fighting might sometimes have to be
done as part of the Jihad, but it is by no means the major
imperative.
I remember a quotation from Jesus, peace be upon

him(PBUH) who says that the first step in the reformation
journey is to start with your own self. If you want to reform
the society you have to reform yourself first. And that was
basically the meaning of Jihad.
The Prophet put that emphasis on inner development.
Jihad, the constant struggle with yourself, to improve
yourself and perfect your intent. That you do things only for
the sake of God. The most excellent Jihad, Holy struggle,
is the struggle to control your ego, the self.
For a long time I was deathly afraid of speaking in public, of

giving speeches. And I saw that and I, well, this my Jihad,
I've gotta overcome this fear. If I'm gonna help people, it's
gonna be necessary for me to talk in public. To be able just
to speak out.
And going back to 1987 I had become active as far as

writing articles for papers to have fire safe cigarette
legislation enacted. Cigarettes are the largest cause of fire
fatalities in the nation. So, I began writing and because of
my position I could speak from the authority as a fire fighter
and, and now a Supervising Fire Marshal.
Going back to if you save one life it's like you saved all
humanity. Well I feel I was part of an effort to save
thousands of lives each year because of this legislation that
we passed in New York State.
VISUAL AUDIO
Jihad is misused. There is absolutely nothing in Islam that

justifies, uh, the claim of, Osama bin Laden, Al Qaeda or
other similar groups to kill innocent civilians.
That is unequivocally a crime under Islamic law. Acts of
terror violence that have occurred in the name of Islam are
not only wrong, they are contrary to Islam.
VISUAL AUDIO
September 11th, I hooked up with two other fire marshals.

We found a place to park near the bridge, about several
inches of soot. If it had been white and colder out, you
would have sworn it was snow.
We came over the Brooklyn Bridge, uh it was just like
something out of a movie. It was very quiet, you know, that
muffled sound that you have during a blizzard, you know,
where you can't hear your feet hitting the ground, it's just
very muffled, very quiet. So we put on our turn out gear and
we started heading over there. And it's just, I think I could
speak for all of, we were just all in a state of shock and
disbelief.
I just felt, oh, in the back of my head, please don't be
Muslims doing this. And I just felt ah, I just felt sick.
We could see this fragment of the World Trade Center
sticking up almost like a lopsided crown. Then we started
walking down one way and we saw some fire fighters, you
know, dazed and shell shocked, saying don't go down there,
there's still more collapses happening. I mean, we were
dying to go out there and do something. And, you know,
we're figuring that some of the brothers or even anyone, you
know, people could still be alive, trapped under the rubble.
But, we just, it was frustrating, but, I mean, you have to
understand that they don't want to lose more people on top
of the people who are lost already.
This is just, I mean, it was just out and out madness what
they did. The Prophet himself in the course of the
circumstances engaged in battle, in warfare, but he had a
certain code of conduct that he followed.
So, you have to separate fanaticism, which every religion
has, from the reality and the truth of that religion.
These are fanatics who have lost sight of what the purpose
of religion is and they're acting, you know, on their own.
What hurt me probably most of all, out of the World Trade
Center attack, was that here is a religion that I entered
because of the universality. And the tolerance that is
throughout the book and throughout the sayings of Prophet
Muhammad. Yet, these people who did that and were
behind it and planned it, were just so intolerant and so
disregarding of their own tenets, that they could do
something so horrific and kill people in such a horrible
VISUAL AUDIO
September 11th, underscored the need to have dialogue

with non-Muslims and other faiths, to understand each other
and to try to resolve these hot spots that fester and cause
this type of hatred.
02:30:39 DAISY KAHN
Uh, the death and destruction in New York City that was
caused by this terrible, terrible act in the name of Islam has
propelled the Muslim community in New York to respond in
many different ways. And one of the ways that I want to
respond is the way the Prophet would have responded. To
just talk about the humanity which we all belong to.
02:31:04 DAISY KAHN
Since September 11 Muslims have gone to churches, to
synagogues, to schools to explain our faith. However,
people still kept asking, where are the Muslims and why
aren't they doing something about it. So I started thinking
about this and I said, what is it that we are not doing right?
Maybe we need to respond in a more gentle way.
So I looked around for the mildest people in our community.
The artists in our community.
And the first person I called was Mohamed Zakariya.
VISUAL AUDIO
Catastrophes have brought us here, but not all is lost. Uh,

through our art, we pick up all these broken pieces and try
to put them back together again and make something that's
gonna work.
Revenge, suicide bombing, things of that kind they have no
place in Islam. They must never have a place in Islam,
never. Never.
Islam is really a soft thing, it's not a hard thing
And so we have to approach it with softness, and be soft to
each other.
(Arabic) the Prophet said. Make it easy and not difficult.

So we should put away all those angry words, the harsh, the
strident rhetoric that, that we have been dealing with for all
these years that we've suffered through this sweet religion
with this beastly stuff.
And come out into the light, and be bright. Be bright in

America. And look in the mirror, that's what we have to do.
(Salaam Alaykum) (applause)
This piece is the golden rule of Islam. It is the basis of the
relations between people. It means that there is no harming
of other people in Islam, and no returning or retaliating harm
for harm. And so that’s why I did it. To respond through the
sayings of Muhammad the man.
02:33:10 NARRATOR
By the year 628, the battles that had occupied the
Muslims for the preceding four years had come to an
end.
VISUAL AUDIO
Once the Muslims were no longer fearing the threat of total

extermination, MUHAMMAD knew that the time for fighting
had stopped. And it was now time to make an extraordinary
initiative, a peaceful, nonviolent initiative. He astonished the
whole Muslim community, and the whole community of
Yathrib by announcing that he was going to go on the Hajj
pilgrimage Dangerous as it was, an enormously risky as it
was, about a thousand Muslims volunteered to go with
MUHAMMAD.
All the rites were fulfilled to the letter. The camels all decked
in their special sacrificial garments. The men all in their
white garb.
02:34:14 NARRATOR
The Muslims set out on the perilous trip to Mecca,
crossing the vast desert without any arms to defend
themselves. When they reached Hudaybiyah, just
outside the sacred area around Mecca where violence
was forbidden, Muhammad surprised his followers not
to enter, but to sit and wait. He then sent an emissary
to Mecca seeking permission to complete the
pilgrimage.
MUHAMMAD knew of course, that he was putting the
people of MECCA into a really impossible position.
Because if they forbade Arabs, to enter the city and perform
the rights of the Ka'aba, they would be abusing their position
as guardians of the holy places. The MECCANS
themselves did not know what to do.
02:35:07 NARRATOR
When the emissary did not return quickly, the Muslims
feared the worst. But Muhammad’s gambit paid off. The
Meccans offered to negotiate a treaty. With tensions
running high, Muhammad began dictating its first line
by stating his own name.
VISUAL AUDIO
Ali was taking down the notes with the MECCAN negotiator
at his side, and when MUHAMMAD began to saying, the
Prophet of God, the MECCAN saids, I don't believe you are
the Prophet of God, I can't sign to that.
So he said fine, Muhammad, Son Of Abdullah. And many of

the Muslims felt that this was a major insult.
The Muslims, sitting around Hudaybiyah watched this in
utter dismay. There was almost a mutiny. A thousand
pilgrims stood, refusing to accept this.
MUHAMMAD went back into his tent where he had his wife,
Umm Salama. And he said to her, what shall I do? And she
gave him some excellent advice part of the ritual of the
HAJJ was that you sacrificed a camel. And he went out and
he sacrificed one of the camels and somehow some kind of
necessary tension was released.
02:36:32 NARRATOR
The ritual sacrifice of an animal traditionally marked the
end of the pilgrimage. Grudgingly, the Muslims
considered the pilgrimage complete, and headed back
to Medina. Muhammad had compromised on every
major point in the treaty. But he had won the most
significant concession. In return for postponing their
entry into Mecca for a year, the Muslims had secured
ten years of peace and official recognition as a political
entity. Muhammad had proved himself as capable a
diplomat as he was a religious leader.
There was wisdom in the treaty because one of the things
that was promised to the Muslims was protection as they
moved throughout Arabia. That they would not be harmed
and they could move freely. And what was gained most
greatly from that was the dauwa, the teaching of al-Islam.
VISUAL AUDIO
02:37:31 NARRATOR
On the way back to Medina, Muhammad told a

companion, Umar, “I have received a revelation which is
dearer to me than anything else beneath the sun.
‘Surely,’ it said, ‘We have given you a clear victory.’
Then more and more and more people came to Islam, more
and more people turned to MUHAMMAD. It sent out a huge
signal of strength. Strength of purpose, utter courage, utter
panache, and utter wisdom that, of course, you could go on
to fight, of course he could have gone on being the prophet
with the sword, but there are times when to make peace is
more daring, more creative, and more enduring.
02:38:16 NARRATOR
One year after signing the Hudaybiyah treaty,
Muhammad led his followers on a new pilgrimage to
Mecca. After years of rejection, persecution, and
humiliation, this was truly a moment of triumph.
The first pilgrimage of the Muslims after Hudaybiyah must
have been an extraordinary event for everybody. Because
the MECCANS couldn't bear it. They decamped and went
and sat up in the hills and mountains outside the city, and
watched this procession, huge procession of Muslims, and
some of their confederates, coming on the HAJJ, and as it
were, taking possession of the city, crying out the pilgrim
cry, here I am, oh, God, here I come, in a huge cry.
02:39:08 NARRATOR
Then came the moment Muhammad had waited seven
long years to achieve.
02:39:12 12:01:05 MICHAEL WOLFE
Muhammad sends Bilal, an African ex-slave, this lowest of
the low in the eyes of the Meccans, up on to the sacred
shrine of the Ka'aba, what the Meccans regard as their
shrine, to deliver the call to prayer. And the hills around
Mecca are granite. They're set up for a sonorous voice.
And the call to prayer resonates through the valley.
VISUAL AUDIO
02:39:40 TIJANI GIVES THE CALL TO PRAYER

02:40:28 NARRATOR
Bilal was proclaiming for all to hear, there is one God
and Muhammad is his Prophet.
02:40:37 ARMSTRONG
It must have been an appalling moment for the MECCANS.
But an extraordinary moment of exhilaration for the Muslims.
Performing all the rites punctiliously, and then taking no
advantage of this, going back peacefully home.
02:40:58 NARRATOR
But the peace between the Muslims and the people of
Mecca would not last. By the end of the year, the
Meccans had broken the Treaty of Hudaybiyah, by
attacking a clan allied with Muhammad. In response, 10
days into the holy month of Ramadan, Muhammad and
a Muslim army of 10,000 men set out to take Mecca by
force.
The Prophet felt he was strong enough to be able to
conquer MECCA. But as the army approached the city,
more and more leaders of the Quraysh realized that they
were not going to win, and so many decided to join Islam.
The prophet entered the city without resistance.

When he came into Mecca he came in with his head bowed
down. He did not come in as, as, as an arrogant conquering
warrior. He comes in humbled by a victory that he sees is
from God.
02:41:58 NARRATOR
After circling the Ka'aba seven times, Muhammad
destroyed each of the three hundred sixty idols that
surrounded it. He then turned to the vanquished
Meccans who had sought refuge inside the shrine. His
own brethren, who had oppressed and attacked the
Muslims for so many years.
VISUAL AUDIO
He says, if you were in my position right now, what do you

think you would do and the Meccans are afraid they're about
to die. And then he says, you are all pardoned. He grants
them all amnesty. And this was unheard of in this culture,
unheard of in this society. And very unexpected among the
Meccans.
02:42:51 NARRATOR
The religion that had begun in ridicule and persecution,
was now thriving throughout the Arabian peninsula.
But shortly after returning to Medina, Muhammad
received a premonition of his death.
He told his daughter Fatima that every year during
Ramadan, the angel Gabriel recited the Quran to him
and asked him to repeat it. This year Gabriel had asked
Muhammad to recite the Quran twice. I cannot but think,
Muhammad said, that my time has come.
CUE #67 NARRATOR
In February 632, Muhammad made what would be his
final pilgrimage to the city of his birth. On his first
pilgrimage, he had led a few hundred Muslims back to
Mecca. This time, tens of thousands of believers
followed in his footsteps.
He arrives in Mecca as the leader of the Muslim people
now, not as the enemy of the Meccans. And they begin to
perform the rites of the pilgrimage. And during this period,
Muhammad defines the rites of pilgrimage as they're
performed today.
VISUAL AUDIO
02:44:17 NARRATOR
Michael Wolfe has written extensively about the Hajj,

the traditional pilgrimage which every Muslim is
expected to perform at least once. Two to three million
Muslims from around the world travel to Mecca every
year for this five day ritual, which takes them in the
footsteps of Abraham, the ancient patriarch from whom
Muslims, Jews, and Christians all trace their lineage. In
1990 Michael Wolfe, a convert to Islam, took part in his
first Hajj.
The Hajj was one of the most attractive elements in Islam to

me as a non-Muslim and then as a Muslim. When I finally
became a Muslim after 20 or more years of thinking it over,
the first thing I wanted to do was make the Hajj.
When I circled the Ka'aba for the first time, I was in a state
of wonder. You’re there with ten of thousands of people, all
doing the same thing at once. You're literally putting God at
the center of your life. For that period of time.
02:45:52 NARRATOR
At the culmination of the Hajj, on the Plain of Arafat, on
a small hill called the Mount of Mercy, Muhammad gave
his final sermon.
Here is a man who began his mission as this individual in
Mecca, persecuted, with, with almost no followers, and his
life is completed with a valley filled with tens of thousands of
people, uh, that have accepted his message. And, and
there he is, preaching to them his final sermon. And in it in
a sense is a summation of this universal teaching.
VISUAL AUDIO
He tells them to be good to each other, and not to violate

each other's rights. For men and women to treat each other
humanely, for brothers and sisters to treat each other well,
and for Muslims to treat each other as brothers and sisters.
And perhaps most importantly, he calls an end to revenge,
to blood killing, to the vendetta which has bled this culture
terribly since he was born.
At the end of Muhammad’s sermon, he does not list his
achievements. This man has unified people. He has taught
them monotheism. He has brought them to peace. And yet
he doesn’t mark these as his accomplishments. Quite the
opposite, he asks his community, “Have I fulfilled my
mission to my God, and to you?” You can hear in his words
the desire for a completed mission. This is a man of faith
who is unsure of his affects. It’s a very human moment in
which he needs to know, and he asks, and the people affirm
that yes, three times they say, yes, you have fulfilled your
mission.
This, was not a leader who was looking for his legacy in
time. It wasn't for any purpose other than to make sure that
when he was going to face his maker, he was going to be
accountable. And he was, he would be in a position of
saying Allah, I did the best I could. And, and I hope I was
successful in doing it. Uh, and that's all what we can do as
human beings.
I think that if I were to say that I hope to exemplify any part
of Prophet Muhammad's life it would be the issues around
the dignity near the end of life.
02:48:51 NAJAH BAZZY IN THE HOSPITAL
He’s a good friend of mine and I know he knows my voice.

And now I know for sure he knows my voice.
I'm visiting Mr. Hamoud, who is a patient that's terminal.
VISUAL AUDIO
When he was not in the condition he's in now, he was very

delightful, very loving and very much wanting to tell his
story, so we'd sit and listen and talk for long hours and he'd
give me all his history and his past, so we're very bonded.
NAJAH BAZZY
Um, he's slipped into a more terminal stage, meaning less

responsive. Well he responds, he's just unable to speak.
Prophet Muhammad has taught us that near the time of
death, the holy Quran to hear is soothing, very soothing to
the soul. And since it’s a part of our lives on a daily basis
anyway, we derive great comfort from the hearing of the
Quran.
NAJAH BAZZY
While I'm stroking a head or I'm speaking softly, I say the
things that I think Muhammad would say. Prophet
Muhammad has taught us that we don't even understand,
we could never comprehend the value of taking care of the
ill or providing for the dying, maintaining their dignity. And I
believe that that's my mission, to be the helper, to be the
listener, to be a comforter in many ways. The Prophet knew
that death was coming, he had an indication that he would
not be around for much longer.
02:50:42 JOHN VOLL
MUHAMMAD had been feeling ill. He'd had some fever. It
was clear that he was in real difficulty in terms of his health.
And the household seemed to be convinced that
MUHAMMAD was dying.
And while he was on his deathbed, and there were many
who surrounded him, especially his close companions and
his family, he called for silence around him. And he wanted
it to be a time of quiet and of peace and of calm.
VISUAL AUDIO
02:51:18 NARRATOR
Embraced by the community he had founded in Medina

and cared for by his wives and companions,
Muhammad died peacefully on June 8th, in the year 632.
The news of his death shocked his followers, especially
Umar, who believed Muhammad would outlive them all.
02:51:38 JOHN VOLL
People began to hear the Prophet is dead. Umar went to
the center square and started to say, there are hypocrites
and liars who are saying that the Prophet is dead.
02:51:53 NARRATOR
In the midst of this chaos, Abu Bakr reminded the

Muslims of a verse from the Quran that had first been
revealed after the battle of Uhud, when they feared that
Muhammad had been killed.
Abu Bakr, comes into this scene of pandemonium. And he

immediately, uh, stands up and says, whoever worshipped
Muhammad, uh, then know that Muhammad is dead. But
whoever worshipped God, know that God lives on and never
dies. And so, suddenly these people are brought to their
senses, that indeed that Muhammad is, is a man. And men
are mortal. And, and this is his legacy. He, he did
everything within his power to prevent himself from being
worshipped. Because he recognized that that was a danger
inherent in religious tradition. That the object of worship
becomes the messenger, and not, uh, the one sending the
message.
Prophet Muhammad was a man, he was flesh and blood,
who brought one of the most eloquent revelations to
mankind. He’s set an example to mankind through his
behavior, through his actions, a living example. This is a
legacy that he has left for Muslims.
VISUAL AUDIO
Muhammad’s legacy is obviously the seed that he planted.

It is his righteousness, his honesty, his integrity, his model
as uh as a political leader, his model as an individual, a man
who has uh made great accomplishments in his time and
yet who didn’t let the successes uh overpower him, didn’t let
his ego get the best of him. He remains, I think, more than
anything else a great role model.
02:54:00 JOHN VOLL
MUHAMMAD is the kind of person who combines political
and military and social and religious and intellectual
dimensions of life in ways that are important for those of us
in the 21st century who are struggling to put together
complete lives ourselves.
If I were to have met Prophet Muhammad on the street, I
feel like I would know him. And as though he would know
all of us. The beauty of it is, we live our lives through his
examples, but he's not God. Our reverence is to God. And
our reference is to him.
So how I walk, and how I speak, and how I carry myself,
and how I treat my husband, and how I treat my mother and
my father, and how I behave as a sister and a daughter and
a nurse and a friend and a neighbor, that’s all prophet
Muhammad in action.
CG: Website Notice
CG: On-Air Offer
CG: Production Credits
CG: Underwriting Credit Bed
CG: This is PBS
WEB TAG There’s more about Muhammad and his legacy on PBS
online. Experience a virtual pilgrimage to Mecca, read
essays by people from the program, and much more.
Visit PBS online at PBS.org
VIDEO OFFER To purchase a videocassette of Muhammad, or a DVD
with additional features, call 888-786-0444.
VISUAL AUDIO
CUE #75 Major funding for this production [Muhammad: Legacy

of a Prophet] has been provided by….
FUNDERS CREDITS
The Corporation for Public Broadcasting
And by….
The David and Lucile Packard Foundation

Arabian Bulk Trade
Sabadia Family Foundation
The El-Hibri Foundation
The Irfan Kathwari Foundation

And Mir Imran
Additional funding has been provided by many other

organizations and individuals.

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MUHAMMAD – Script 9/25/2002

DATE: September 25, 2002

Major Funding of Muhammad: Legacy of a Prophet has

Islam, the religion Muhammad first brought to Arabia,

In the Quran Allah says that Muhammad is the best

Prophet Muhammad, he asked the question to people

01:07:38 KAREN ARMSTRONG

You could not exist without your tribe. An individual in this

01:07:51 HAMZA YUSUF

It's a society that's based on the idea of vigilantism. That, if

The Arabs of the sixth century had no written code of

Pilgrims came from all over Arabia to worship the

The commerce generated by the pilgrims made it

Soon Muhammad began acting as an agent for wealthy

Muhammad would have become aware that for the Jews

And this is interesting. She's is a very beautiful woman. But

Over the course of their marriage, Khadija and

in the year 610 that Muhammad had an experience, that

Everywhere you looked there was Gabriel. Not just a single

The message Muhammad received on the Mountain of

Khadija ah, thought it would be a good idea to go to consult

scripture. He knows, uh, the Torah and the, the Gospel.

01:20:31 KEVIN JAMES

One of the drawing features to me as a non-Muslim who

So, here's a book, the Holy Quran, that validates other

01:22:55 KEVIN JAMES

The Quran teaches you that the saving of one life is as if

From being a fire fighter, I became a Fire Marshall, that's an

To be a good Muslim, you serve people. And specifically,

The message Muhammad had received from God

The prophet could be sitting, he could be on horseback, he

01:27:58 KAREN ARMSTRONG

He would feel a great weight descend upon him. He would

That revelation was presented in a society where there were

All we have of the prophet and all we have of the word of

Among the sacred texts Zakariya writes is the Hilye, a

But what they do say is that MUHAMMAD is the perfect

Many of the followers are poor people, slaves, women that

01:33:30 IMAM QAZWINI

Prophet Muhammad noticed that he lives in a society that

Of course, it's absurd and anachronistic to expect

Although most women were second-class citizens in

wealthy and powerful.

I've noticed how when it comes to women we are only

supposed to marry Muslim men. Uh, why is that now?

In the tribal system Muhammad was protected by his

The book’s prepared for the week.

As Chief-of-Staff for Congressman Gregory Meeks of

My goal is not necessarily to simply seek votes or campaign

If I practice my Islam on the job and do that without trying to

It’s grown since we started it, it used to be sometimes 3, 5,

busting out of the room that we’re in.

It’s kind of a re-energizing, kind of refilling our fuel tank with

Many pagan families split apart when their children

Prophet Muhammad. They begin to prevent them from

The Hashim lived in one street and Muhammad and Khadija

And there's a terrible moment where he utters this heart

He is at the low point of his mission. He's been almost 13