"GRATING" --- GRATING ANALYSIS / DESIGN

Program Description:

"GRATING" is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of analysis and design of welded
steel grating and fabricated aluminum bar grating. Specifically, light duty steel or aluminum grating covered
floors, platforms, walkways, trenches, etc. subjected to uniformly distributed gravity loading (dead + live), along
with a concentrated line load may be analyzed. Light duty steel or aluminum grating may also be analyzed for
an imposed wheel or post load. Heavy duty steel grating may be analyzed for vehicular wheels loads from
either lift trucks with designated capacity or from AASHTO truck loading (H-20 and H-15). Bending stresses
and deflections are checked against allowable values. Allowable load tables for grating are included for quick
selection of grating size or clear span based on either uniformly distributed or concentrated line loading, and
allow for user input of a clear span value not specifically noted in the tables.

This program is a workbook consisting of nine (9) worksheets, described as follows:

Worksheet Name Description

Doc This documentation sheet
Light Duty Steel Light duty welded steel grating analysis and design
Light Duty Steel (wheel or post) Light duty welded steel grating analysis and design for wheel or post load
Heavy Duty Steel Heavy duty welded steel grating analysis and design
Heavy Duty Steel (wheel) Heavy duty welded steel grating analysis and design for wheel load
Light Duty Steel Table Light duty welded steel grating allowable load table
Aluminum Light duty aluminum bar grating analysis and design
Aluminum (Wheel or Post) Light duty aluminum bar grating analysis and design for wheel or post load
Aluminum Table Light duty auminum bar grating allowable load table

Program Assumptions and Limitations:

1. This program is based on the following references:

a. "Product Catalog - Architectural & Industrial Grating Solutions" - by Ohio Gratings, Inc., July 2005
b. "PIP STE05530 - Grating Design Guide" - by Process Industry Practices, Oct. 2007
c. "Metal Bar Grating Engineering Design Manual" MBG 534-12
by National Association of Architectural Metal Manufacturers (NAAMM)
2. This program handles welded steel grating of the following types/styles:
a. Light Duty Type W-19-4 (bearing bars spaced at 1-3/16" (19/16") o.c. and cross bars spaced at 4" o.c.)
b. Heavy Duty Type W-19-4 (bearing bars spaced at 1-3/16" (19/16") o.c. and cross bars spaced at 4" o.c.)
3. This program handles aluminum bar grating of the following type/style:
a. Type W-19-4 (bearing bars spaced at 1-3/16" (19/16") o.c. and cross bars spaced at 4" o.c.)
4. While the user can quickly and easily make a grating selection based on the applied loads directly from the
a grating vendor catalog, the four (4) calculation-type worksheets in this workbook provide the user with the
ability to demonstrate the selection and analysis with actual calculations if desired or required.
5. In the "Light Duty Steel Table" and the "Aluminum Table" worksheets, after the design load is determined, the
Tables may be used to quickly determine the required grating size and/or support beam spacing.
6. In the "Light Duty Steel Table" and the "Aluminum Table" worksheets, just to the right of the Tables, the user
may input a specific clear span length, 'L', to calculate the allowable loads and actual deflections for that
specified value.
 "GRATING.xls" Program
Version 1.2

STEEL GRATING ANALYSIS / DESIGN

For 19-W Light Duty Welded Steel Grating
Subjected to Uniform Live Loading and/or Concentrated (Line-Type) Live Loading
Job Name: Subject:
Job Number: Originator: Checker:

Input Data:

Light Duty Grating Size = 1-1/4×3/16

Bearing Bar Spac., s = 1.1875 in.
Steel Type = Carbon =L
Grating Clear Span, L = 4.0833 ft.
Uniform Live Load, wLL = 346.36 psf
Concentrated Load, P = 0 lbs./ft.
Allow. Deflection Ratio = L/200

= 4"

= 1-3/16"
Light Duty Welded
Steel Grating

L/2 P = 0 lbs/ft. width.

w(total) = 355 psf

Clear Span L = 4.083 ft.

Simple-Span Beam

Nomenclature for Grating and Loads

Results:

Properties:
Grating Weight, wg = 8.64 psf
Mod. of Elasticity, E = 29000 ksi E = 29000 ksi for Carbon Steel
Grating, Sx = 0.493 in.^3/ft. Sx = (Bar Thk.)*(Bar Ht.)^2/6*(12"/s)
Grating, Ix = 0.308 in.^4/ft. Ix = (Bar Thk.)*(Bar Ht.)^3/12*(12"/s)

Flexural Stress:
Unif. Load, w(total) = 355.00 plf w(total) = wg + wLL
Total Moment, Mt = 739.89 ft.-lbs./ft. Mt = w(total)*L^2/8 + P*L/4
Actual Stress, fb(max) = 17.99 ksi fb(max) = (Mt*12)/1000/Sx
Allow. Stress, Fb(allow) = 18.00 ksi Fb(allow) = 18 ksi for Carbon Steel Type
fb(max) <= Fb(allow), O.K.
Deflection:
Actual D(max) = 0.2423 in. D(max) = 5*(wLL*12)*(L*12)^4/(384*E*Ix) + P*(L*12)^3/(48*E*Ix)
Actual D(ratio) = L/202 D(ratio) = (L*12)/D(max)
Allowable D(ratio) = L/200 Allowable D(ratio) = L/200 (user defined and selected)
L/202 <= L/200, O.K.

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 "GRATING.xls" Program
Version 1.2

STEEL GRATING ANALYSIS / DESIGN

For 19-W Light Duty Welded Steel Grating
Subjected to Light Concentrated Wheel or Post Loading
Job Name: Subject:
Job Number: Originator: Checker:

Input Data:

Light Duty Grating Size = 1-1/2×3/16 P = 400 lbs.

Bearing Bar Spac., s = 1.1875 in.
(L-a)/2
Steel Type = Carbon a =8 in.
Grating Clear Span, L = 5.0000 ft.
Wheel or Post Load, P = 400 lbs.
Load Contact Dim., a = 8 in. Clear Span L = 5 ft.
Load Contact Dim., c = 4 in. Simple-Span Beam
Allow. Deflection Ratio = L/240

Caution: Wheeled vehicles

with urethane tires should
NEVER be used on
on open bar grating.
=L

= 4"

= 1-3/16"
Light Duty Welded
Steel Grating

Nomenclature for Grating and Concentrated Wheel or Post Load

Results:
Properties:
Grating Weight, wg = 10.25 psf
Mod. of Elasticity, E = 29000 ksi E = 29000 ksi for Carbon Steel
Grating, Sx = 0.711 in.^3/ft. Sx = (Bar Thk.)*(Bar Ht.)^2/6*(12"/s)
Grating, Ix = 0.533 in.^4/ft. Ix = (Bar Thk.)*(Bar Ht.)^3/12*(12"/s)

Flexural Stress:
Grtg. Effective Width, b = 6.3750 in. b = c + (2*s) (Effective Width is dimension perpendicular to bearing bars.)
Grating, Sx(eff) = 0.377 in.^3 Sx(eff) = Sx*(b/12")
Total Moment, Mt = 498.70 ft.-lbs. Mt = wg*L^2/8 + P*(0.25*L-0.125*(a/12))
Actual Stress, fb(max) = 15.85 ksi fb(max) = (Mt*12)/1000/Sx(eff)
Allow. Stress, Fb(allow) = 18.00 ksi Fb(allow) = 18 ksi for Carbon Steel Type
fb(max) <= Fb(allow), O.K.
Deflection:
Grating, Ix(eff) = 0.283 in.^4 Ix(eff) = Ix*(b/12")
Actual D(max) = 0.2174 in. D(max) = P*(2*(L*12)^3-a^2*(L*12)+a^3/4)/(96*E*Ix(eff))
Actual D(ratio) = L/276 D(ratio) = (L*12)/D(max)
Allowable D(ratio) = L/240 Allowable D(ratio) = L/240 (user defined and selected)

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L/276 <= L/240, O.K.

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Version 1.2

STEEL GRATING ANALYSIS / DESIGN

For 19-W Heavy Duty Welded Steel Grating
Subjected to Uniform Live Loading and/or Concentrated (Line-Type) Live Loading
Job Name: Subject:
Job Number: Originator: Checker:

Input Data:

Hvy. Duty Grating Size = 2x3/8

Bearing Bar Spac., s = 1.1875 in. Span
Cros =L
Steel Type = Carbon s-Ba
r Spa
cing
Grating Clear Span, L = 5.0000 ft. = 4"
o.c .
Uniform Live Load, wLL = 100.00 psf
Concentrated Load, P = 2500 lbs./ft.
Allow. Deflection Ratio = L/180

Heavy Duty Welded

Steel Grating
Bearing Bar Spacing
= 1-3/16" o.c.

L/2 P = 2500 lbs/ft. width.

w(total) = 126.89 psf

Clear Span L = 5 ft.

Simple-Span Beam

Nomenclature for Grating and Loads

Results:

Properties:
Grating Weight, wg = 26.89 psf
Mod. of Elasticity, E = 29000 ksi E = 29000 ksi for Carbon Steel
Grating, Sx = 2.526 in.^3/ft. Sx = (Bar Thk.)*(Bar Ht.)^2/6*(12"/s)
Grating, Ix = 2.526 in.^4/ft. Ix = (Bar Thk.)*(Bar Ht.)^3/12*(12"/s)

Flexural Stress:
Unif. Load, w(total) = 126.89 plf w(total) = wg + wLL
Total Moment, Mt = 3521.53 ft.-lbs./ft. Mt = w(total)*L^2/8 + P*L/4
Actual Stress, fb(max) = 16.73 ksi fb(max) = (Mt*12)/1000/Sx
Allow. Stress, Fb(allow) = 20.00 ksi Fb(allow) = 20 ksi for Carbon Steel Type
fb(max) <= Fb(allow), O.K.
Deflection:
Actual D(max) = 0.1728 in. D(max) = 5*(wLL*12)*(L*12)^4/(384*E*Ix) + P*(L*12)^3/(48*E*Ix)
Actual D(ratio) = L/347 D(ratio) = (L*12)/D(max)
Allowable D(ratio) = L/180 Allowable D(ratio) = L/180 (user defined and selected)
L/347 <= L/180, O.K.

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 "GRATING.xls" Program
Version 1.2

STEEL GRATING ANALYSIS / DESIGN

For 19-W Heavy Duty Welded Steel Grating
Subjected to Vehicular Concentrated Wheel Loading
Job Name: Subject:
Job Number: Originator: Checker:

Input Data:

Hvy. Duty Grating Size = 3x1/4 P = 8730 lbs.

Bearing Bar Spac., s = 1.1875 in.
(L-a)/2
Steel Type = Carbon a =7 in.
Grating Clear Span, L = 4.2500 ft.
Wheel Load, P = 8730 lbs.
Load Contact Dim., a = 7 in. Clear Span L = 4.25 ft. Heavy Duty Welded
Load Contact Dim., c = 7 in. Steel Grating
Simple-Span Beam
Allow. Deflection Ratio = L/400

Load Criteria -
Vehicular Loads

Nomenclature and Criteria for Vehicular Wheel Loads

Results: (Reference: NAAMM Engineering Design Manual MBG 534-12) Caution: Wheeled vehicles
Properties: with urethane tires should
NEVER be used on
Grating Weight, wg = 28.32 psf
on open bar grating.
Mod. of Elasticity, E = 29000 ksi E = 29000 ksi for Carbon Steel
Grating, Sx = 3.789 in.^3/ft. Sx = (Bar Thk.)*(Bar Ht.)^2/6*(12"/s)
Grating, Ix = 5.684 in.^4/ft. Ix = (Bar Thk.)*(Bar Ht.)^3/12*(12"/s)

Flexural Stress:
Grtg. Effective Width, b = 9.3750 in. b = c + (2*s) (Effective Width is dimension perpendicular to bearing bars.)
Grating, Sx(eff) = 2.960 in.^3 Sx(eff) = Sx*(b/12")
Total Moment, Mt = 8703.00 ft.-lbs. Mt = wg*L^2/8 + P*(0.25*L-0.125*(a/12))
Actual Stress, fb(max) = 35.28 ksi fb(max) = (Mt*12)/1000/Sx(eff)
Allow. Stress, Fb(allow) = 20.00 ksi Fb(allow) = 20 ksi for Carbon Steel Type
fb(max) > Fb(allow)
Deflection:
Grating, Ix(eff) = 4.441 in.^4 Ix(eff) = Ix*(b/12")
Actual D(max) = 0.1856 in. D(max) = P*(2*(L*12)^3-a^2*(L*12)+a^3/4)/(96*E*Ix(eff))
Actual D(ratio) = L/275 D(ratio) = (L*12)/D(max)
Allowable D(ratio) = L/400 Allowable D(ratio) = L/400 (user defined and selected)

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L/275 > L/400

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 "GRATING.xls" Program
Version 1.1

Light Duty Welded Steel Grating - Allowable Loads and Deflections (19-W-4 Series, Non-Serrated)
Bar Pedestrian Grating Properties
Grating Clear Span (ft.)
Size Max. Span Weight Sx (in.^3)
(inches) (inches) (psf) Ix (in.^4) 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0
U 355 227 158 116 89 70
0.118
Du 0.099 0.155 0.223 0.304 0.397 0.503 U = Safe uniform load (lbs/ft^2)
3/4 × 1/8 42 3.90
C 355 284 237 203 178 158 C = Safe mid-span concentrated load (lbs/ft of grating width)
0.044
Dc 0.079 0.124 0.179 0.243 0.318 0.402 Du, Dc = Deflection for either uniform or concentrated load (inches)
U 533 341 237 174 133 105
0.178
Du 0.099 0.155 0.223 0.304 0.397 0.503 Loads and deflections in this table are theoretical, and are based
3/4 × 3/16 46 5.43
C 533 426 355 305 266 237 on an allowable bending stress of 18,000 psi.
0.067
Dc 0.079 0.124 0.179 0.243 0.318 0.402
U 632 404 281 206 158 125 101 84 70
0.211
Du 0.074 0.116 0.168 0.228 0.298 0.377 0.466 0.563 0.670
1 × 1/8 51 4.88
C 632 505 421 361 316 281 253 230 211
0.105
Dc 0.060 0.093 0.134 0.182 0.238 0.302 0.372 0.451 0.536
U 947 606 421 309 237 187 152 125 105
0.316
Du 0.074 0.116 0.168 0.228 0.298 0.377 0.466 0.563 0.670
1 × 3/16 57 7.04
C 947 758 632 541 474 421 379 344 316
0.158
Dc 0.060 0.093 0.134 0.182 0.238 0.302 0.372 0.451 0.536
U 987 632 439 322 247 195 158 130 110 93 81
0.329
Du 0.060 0.093 0.134 0.182 0.238 0.302 0.372 0.451 0.536 0.629 0.730
1-1/4 × 1/8 61 5.96
C 987 789 658 564 493 439 395 359 329 304 282
0.206
Dc 0.048 0.074 0.107 0.146 0.191 0.241 0.298 0.360 0.429 0.504 0.584
U 1480 947 658 483 370 292 237 196 164 140 121
0.493
Du 0.060 0.093 0.134 0.182 0.238 0.302 0.372 0.451 0.536 0.629 0.730
1-1/4 × 3/16 67 8.64
C 1480 1184 987 846 740 658 592 538 493 455 423
0.308
Dc 0.048 0.074 0.107 0.146 0.191 0.241 0.298 0.360 0.429 0.504 0.584
U 1421 909 632 464 355 281 227 188 158 135 116 101 89 79 70
0.474
Du 0.050 0.078 0.112 0.152 0.199 0.251 0.310 0.376 0.447 0.524 0.608 0.698 0.794 0.897 1.006
1-1/2 × 1/8 70 7.04
C 1421 1137 947 812 711 632 568 517 474 437 406 379 355 334 316
0.355
Dc 0.040 0.062 0.089 0.122 0.159 0.201 0.248 0.300 0.358 0.420 0.487 0.559 0.636 0.718 0.804
U 2132 1364 947 696 533 421 341 282 237 202 174 152 133 118 105
0.711
Du 0.050 0.078 0.112 0.152 0.199 0.251 0.310 0.376 0.447 0.524 0.608 0.698 0.794 0.897 1.006
1-1/2 × 3/16 77 10.25
C 2132 1705 1421 1218 1066 947 853 775 711 656 609 568 533 502 474
0.533
Dc 0.040 0.062 0.089 0.122 0.159 0.201 0.248 0.300 0.358 0.420 0.487 0.559 0.636 0.718 0.804
U 2901 1857 1289 947 725 573 464 384 322 275 237 206 181 161 143
0.967
Du 0.043 0.067 0.096 0.130 0.170 0.215 0.266 0.322 0.383 0.450 0.521 0.599 0.681 0.769 0.862
1-3/4 × 3/16 87 11.87
C 2901 2321 1934 1658 1451 1289 1161 1055 967 893 829 774 725 683 645
0.846
Dc 0.034 0.053 0.077 0.104 0.136 0.172 0.213 0.257 0.306 0.360 0.417 0.479 0.545 0.615 0.689
U 3789 2425 1684 1237 947 749 606 501 421 359 309 269 237 210 187
1.263
Du 0.037 0.058 0.084 0.114 0.149 0.189 0.233 0.282 0.335 0.393 0.456 0.524 0.596 0.673 0.754
2 × 3/16 96 13.48
C 3789 3032 2526 2165 1895 1684 1516 1378 1263 1166 1083 1011 947 892 842
1.263
Dc 0.030 0.047 0.067 0.091 0.119 0.151 0.186 0.225 0.268 0.315 0.365 0.419 0.477 0.538 0.603
U 4796 3069 2132 1566 1199 947 767 634 533 454 392 341 300 266 237
1.599
Du 0.033 0.052 0.074 0.101 0.132 0.168 0.207 0.250 0.298 0.350 0.406 0.466 0.530 0.598 0.670
2-1/4 × 3/16 105 15.08
C 4796 3837 3197 2741 2398 2132 1918 1744 1599 1476 1370 1279 1199 1128 1066
1.799
Dc 0.026 0.041 0.060 0.081 0.106 0.134 0.166 0.200 0.238 0.280 0.324 0.372 0.424 0.478 0.536
U 5921 3789 2632 1933 1480 1170 947 783 658 561 483 421 370 328 292
1.974
Du 0.030 0.047 0.067 0.091 0.119 0.151 0.186 0.225 0.268 0.315 0.365 0.419 0.477 0.538 0.603
2-1/2 × 3/16 113 16.70
C 5921 4737 3947 3383 2961 2632 2368 2153 1974 1822 1692 1579 1480 1393 1316
2.467
Dc 0.024 0.037 0.054 0.073 0.095 0.121 0.149 0.180 0.215 0.252 0.292 0.335 0.381 0.431 0.483

Notes:
1. Grating weight per square foot and section properties per foot width shown in table are based on 10.105 (12"/1.1875") bearing bars per foot of grating width. Bearing bars are spaced at 1-3/16" (19/16") o.c.,
and cross bars are spaced at 4" o.c.
2. Grating for spans to the left of the heavy line have a deflection less than 1/4" for uniformly distributed loads of 100 lbs/ft^2. Based on experience, this is the maximum deflection to afford pedestrian comfort
and can be exceeded for other types of load at the discretion of the engineer. The maximum pedestrian span under this condition is shown for each size of grating.
3. When serrated grating is specified, the depth of the grating required for a specified load and deflection will be 1/4" greater than that shown in the table. (3/4x3/16 serrated grating is not available.)
 "GRATING.xls" Program
Version 1.1
4. Loads shown in table are allowable stress (unfactored) loads.
5. Grating is assumed to span as a one-way, simple-span beam.
 "GRATING.xls" Program
Version 1.2

ALUMINUM BAR GRATING ANALYSIS / DESIGN

For 19-W Fabricated Aluminum Bar Grating
Subjected to Uniform Live Loading and/or Concentrated (Line-Type) Live Loading
Job Name: Subject:
Job Number: Originator: Checker:

Input Data:

Aluminum Grating Size = 1-1/4×3/16

Bearing Bar Spac., s = 1.1875 in.
Aluminum Type = 6063-T6/T1 =L
Grating Clear Span, L = 4.0000 ft.
Uniform Live Load, wLL = 243.49 psf
Concentrated Load, P = 0 lbs./ft.
Allow. Deflection Ratio = L/100

Cross Bar
Spacing Bearing Bar
Fabricated
Aluminum Grating Spacing

L/2 P = 0 lbs/ft. width.

w(total) = 246.5 psf

Clear Span L = 4 ft.

Simple-Span Beam

Nomenclature for Grating and Loads

Results:

Properties:
Grating Weight, wg = 3.01 psf
Mod. of Elasticity, E = 10000 ksi E = 10000 ksi for 6063-T6/T1 Aluminum
Grating, Sx = 0.493 in.^3/ft. Sx = (Bar Thk.)*(Bar Ht.)^2/6*(12"/s)
Grating, Ix = 0.308 in.^4/ft. Ix = (Bar Thk.)*(Bar Ht.)^3/12*(12"/s)

Flexural Stress:
Unif. Load, w(total) = 246.50 plf w(total) = wg + wLL
Total Moment, Mt = 493.00 ft.-lbs./ft. Mt = w(total)*L^2/8 + P*L/4
Actual Stress, fb(max) = 11.99 ksi fb(max) = (Mt*12)/1000/Sx
Allow. Stress, Fb(allow) = 12.00 ksi Fb(allow) = 12 ksi for 6063-T6/T1 Aluminum Type
fb(max) <= Fb(allow), O.K.
Deflection:
Actual D(max) = 0.4548 in. D(max) = 5*(wLL*12)*(L*12)^4/(384*E*Ix) + P*(L*12)^3/(48*E*Ix)
Actual D(ratio) = L/106 D(ratio) = (L*12)/D(max)
Allowable D(ratio) = L/100 Allowable D(ratio) = L/100 (user defined and selected)
L/106 <= L/100, O.K.

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**Note: Actual deflection > 1/4'', which may be excessive for pedestrian traffic.

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 "GRATING.xls" Program
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ALUMINUM BAR GRATING ANALYSIS / DESIGN

For 19-W Fabricated Aluminum Bar Grating
Subjected to Light Concentrated Wheel or Post Loading
Job Name: Subject:
Job Number: Originator: Checker:

Input Data:

Aluminum Grating Size = 1-1/4×3/16 P = 267 lbs.

Bearing Bar Spac., s = 1.1875 in.
(L-a)/2
Aluminum Type = 6063-T6/T1 a =4 in.
Grating Clear Span, L = 4.0000 ft.
Wheel or Post Load, P = 267 lbs.
Load Contact Dim., a = 4 in. Clear Span L = 4 ft.
Load Contact Dim., c = 4 in. Simple-Span Beam
Allow. Deflection Ratio = L/100

Caution: Wheeled vehicles

with urethane tires should
NEVER be used on
on open bar grating.
=L

Cross Bar Bearing Bar

Spacing Spacing
Fabricated
Aluminum Grating

Nomenclature for Grating and Concentrated Wheel or Post Load

Results:
Properties:
Grating Weight, wg = 3.01 psf
Mod. of Elasticity, E = 10000 ksi E = 10000 ksi for 6063-T6/T1 Aluminum
Grating, Sx = 0.493 in.^3/ft. Sx = (Bar Thk.)*(Bar Ht.)^2/6*(12"/s)
Grating, Ix = 0.308 in.^4/ft. Ix = (Bar Thk.)*(Bar Ht.)^3/12*(12"/s)

Flexural Stress:
Grtg. Effective Width, b = 6.3750 in. b = c + (2*s) (Effective Width is dimension perpendicular to bearing bars.)
Grating, Sx(eff) = 0.262 in.^3 Sx(eff) = Sx*(b/12")
Total Moment, Mt = 261.90 ft.-lbs. Mt = wg*L^2/8 + P*(0.25*L-0.125*(a/12))
Actual Stress, fb(max) = 11.99 ksi fb(max) = (Mt*12)/1000/Sx(eff)
Allow. Stress, Fb(allow) = 12.00 ksi Fb(allow) = 12 ksi for 6063-T6/T1 Aluminum Type
fb(max) <= Fb(allow), O.K.
Deflection:
Grating, Ix(eff) = 0.164 in.^4 Ix(eff) = Ix*(b/12")
Actual D(max) = 0.3742 in. D(max) = P*(2*(L*12)^3-a^2*(L*12)+a^3/4)/(96*E*Ix(eff))
Actual D(ratio) = L/128 D(ratio) = (L*12)/D(max)
Allowable D(ratio) = L/100 Allowable D(ratio) = L/100 (user defined and selected)

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L/128 <= L/100, O.K.

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Aluminum Bar Grating - Allowable Loads and Deflections (19-W-4 Series, Non-Serrated)
Bar Pedestrian Grating Properties
Grating Clear Span (ft.)
Size Max. Span Weight Sx (in.^3)
(inches) (inches) (psf) Ix (in.^4) 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0
U 421 269 187 137 105
0.211
Du 0.144 0.225 0.324 0.441 0.576 U = Safe uniform load (lbs/ft^2)
1 × 1/8 39 1.71
C 421 337 281 241 211 C = Safe mid-span concentrated load (lbs/ft of grating width)
0.105
Dc 0.115 0.180 0.259 0.353 0.461 Du, Dc = Deflection for either uniform or concentrated load (inches)
U 632 404 281 206 158 125
0.316
Du 0.144 0.225 0.324 0.441 0.576 0.729 Loads and deflections in this table are theoretical, and are based
1 × 3/16 44 2.46
C 632 505 421 361 316 281 on an allowable bending stress of 12,000 psi.
0.158
Dc 0.115 0.180 0.259 0.353 0.461 0.583
U 658 421 292 215 164 130
0.329
Du 0.115 0.180 0.259 0.353 0.461 0.583
1-1/4 × 1/8 47 2.08
C 658 526 439 376 329 292
0.206
Dc 0.092 0.144 0.207 0.282 0.369 0.467
U 987 632 439 322 247 195 158
0.493
Du 0.115 0.180 0.259 0.353 0.461 0.583 0.720
1-1/4 × 3/16 52 3.01
C 987 789 658 564 493 439 395
0.308
Dc 0.092 0.144 0.207 0.282 0.369 0.467 0.576
U 947 606 421 309 237 187 152
0.474
Du 0.096 0.150 0.216 0.294 0.384 0.486 0.600
1-1/2 × 1/8 53 2.46
C 947 758 632 541 474 421 379
0.355
Dc 0.077 0.120 0.173 0.235 0.307 0.389 0.480
U 1421 909 632 464 355 281 227 188
0.711
Du 0.096 0.150 0.216 0.294 0.384 0.486 0.600 0.726
1-1/2 × 3/16 59 3.56
C 1421 1137 947 812 711 632 568 517
0.533
Dc 0.077 0.120 0.173 0.235 0.307 0.389 0.480 0.581
U 1934 1238 860 632 484 382 309 256 215 183
0.967
Du 0.082 0.129 0.185 0.252 0.329 0.417 0.514 0.622 0.741 0.869
1-3/4 × 3/16 66 4.12
C 1934 1547 1289 1105 967 860 774 703 645 595
0.846
Dc 0.066 0.103 0.148 0.202 0.263 0.333 0.411 0.498 0.592 0.695
U 2526 1617 1123 825 632 499 404 334 281 239 206
1.263
Du 0.072 0.113 0.162 0.221 0.288 0.365 0.450 0.545 0.648 0.761 0.882
2 × 3/16 73 4.68
C 2526 2021 1684 1444 1263 1123 1011 919 842 777 722
1.263
Dc 0.058 0.090 0.130 0.176 0.230 0.292 0.360 0.436 0.518 0.608 0.706
U 3197 2046 1421 1044 799 632 512 423 355 303 261 227
1.599
Du 0.064 0.100 0.144 0.196 0.256 0.324 0.400 0.484 0.576 0.676 0.784 0.900
2-1/4 × 3/16 80 5.24
C 3197 2558 2132 1827 1599 1421 1279 1163 1066 984 914 853
1.799
Dc 0.051 0.080 0.115 0.157 0.205 0.259 0.320 0.387 0.461 0.541 0.627 0.720
U 3947 2526 1754 1289 987 780 632 522 439 374 322 281 247
1.974
Du 0.058 0.090 0.130 0.176 0.230 0.292 0.360 0.436 0.518 0.608 0.706 0.810 0.922
2-1/2 × 3/16 87 5.79
C 3947 3158 2632 2256 1974 1754 1579 1435 1316 1215 1128 1053 987
2.467
Dc 0.046 0.072 0.104 0.141 0.184 0.233 0.288 0.348 0.415 0.487 0.564 0.648 0.737

Notes:
1. Grating weight per square foot and section properties per foot width shown in table are based on 10.105 (12"/1.1875") bearing bars per foot of grating width. Bearing bars are spaced at
1-3/16" (19/16") o.c., and cross bars are spaced at 4" o.c.
2. Grating for spans to the left of the heavy line have a deflection less than 1/4" for uniformly distributed loads of 100 lbs/ft^2. Based on experience, this is the maximum deflection to afford
pedestrian comfort and can be exceeded for other types of load at the discretion of the engineer. The maximum pedestrian span under this condition is shown for each size of grating.
3. When serrated grating is specified, the depth of the grating required for a specified load and deflection will be 1/4" greater than that shown in the table.
4. Loads shown in table are allowable stress (unfactored) loads.
5. Grating is assumed to span as a one-way, simple-span beam.
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