Troubleshooting Guide

Eaton Fuller Heavy-Duty Transmissions

®

TRTS0910
October 2007
 Models
FR-11210B  RTLO-14610B  RTLOF-15610B-T2  RTOF-11909MLL  RTX-14709A      
FR-12210B  RTLO-14610B-T2  RTLOF-16610B  RTOF-13707DLL  RTX-14709B 
FR-13210B  RTLO-14613B  RTLOF-16610B-T2  RTOF-13707MLL  RTX-14709H 
FR-14210B  RTLO-14618A  RTLOF-16618A RTOF-14608LL  RTX-14710B 
FR-15210B  RTLO-14713A  RTXF-15615 RTOF-14708LL  RTX-14710C 
FR-9210B  RTLO-14718B  RTLOF-16713A  RTOF-14709MLL  RTX-14715 
FRF-11210B  RTLO-14913A  RTLOF-16713A-T2  RTOF-14908LL  RTX-15615
FRF-12210B  RTLO-14918B  RTLOF-16718B  RTOF-14909ALL  RTXF-16709H
FRF-13210B  RTLO-14918B-T2  RTLOF-16913A  RTOF-14909MLL  RTX-15710B 
FRF-14210B  RTLO-15610B  RTLOF-16913A-T2  RTOF-16908LL  RTX-15710C 
FRF-15210B  RTLO-15610B-T2  RTLOF-16918B  RTOF-16909ALL  RTX-15715 
FRF-9210B  RTLO-16610B  RTLOF-16918B-T2  RTX-11509  RTX-16709B 
FRO-11210B  RTLO-16610B-T2  RTLOF-17610B  RTX-11608LL  RTX-16709H 
FRO-11210C  RTLO-16618A  RTLOF-17610B-T2  RTX-11609A  RTX-16710B 
FRO-12210B  RTXF-14710C RTLOF-18610B  RTX-11609B  RTX-16710C 
FRO-12210C  RTLO-16713A  RTLOF-18718B  RTX-11609P  RTXF-11509 
FRO-13210B  RTLO-16713A-T2  RTLOF-18913A  RTX-11609R  RTXF-11608LL 
FRO-13210C  RTLO-16718B  RTLOF-18913A-T2  RTXF-15715 RTXF-11609A 
FRO-14210B  RTLO-16913A  RTLOF-18918B  RTX-11610  RTXF-11609B 
FRO-14210C  RTLO-16913A-T2  RTLOF-18918B-T2  RTX-11615  RTXF-11609P 
FRO-15210B  RTLO-16918B  RTLOF-20913A  RTX-11708LL  RTXF-11609R 
FRO-15210C  RTLO-16918B-T2  RTLOF-20918B  RTX-11709A  RTXF-11610 
RTXF-14615  RTLO-17610B  RTLOF-20918B-T2  RTX-11709B  RTXF-11615 
RTXF-14708LL RTLO-17610B-T2  RTLOF-22918B  RTX-11709H  RTXF-11708LL 
FRO-16210B  RTLO-18610B  RTLOFC-16909A-T2  RTX-11710B  RTXF-11709H 
FRO-16210C  RTLO-18610B-T2  RTO-11607L  RTX-11710C  RTXF-11710B 
FRO-17210C  RTLO-18718B  RTO-11607L  RTX-11715  RTXF-11710C 
FRO-18210C  RTLO-18718B-T2  RTXF-15710B RTX-12509  RTXF-11715 
FROF-11210B  RTLO-18913A  RTO-11607LL  RTX-12510  RTXF-12509 
FROF-11210C  RTLO-18913A-T2  RTO-11607LL  RTX-12515 RTXF-12510 
FROF-12210B  RTLO-18918B  RTO-11608LL  RTX-12609A  RTXF-16710B
FROF-12210C  RTLO-18918B-T2  RTO-11707DLL  RTX-12609B RTXF-12515 
FROF-13210B  RTLO-20913A  RTO-11707LL  RTX-12609P  RTXF-12609A 
FROF-13210C  RTLO-20918B  RTO-11708LL  RTX-12609R  RTXF-12609B 
FROF-14210B  RTLO-20918B-T2  RTO-11709MLL  RTX-12610  RTXF-12609P 
FROF-14210C  RTLO-22918B  RTO-11908LL RTX-12709A RTXF-12609R 
FROF-15210B  RTLOC-16909A-T2 RTO-11909ALL  RTX-12709B  RTXF-12610 
FROF-15210C  RTXF-14715 RTO-11909MLL RTX-12709H  RTXF-12709H 
FROF-16210B  RTLOF-11610B  RTO-13707DLL  RTX-12710B  RTXF-12710B 
FROF-16210C  RTLOF-11610B-T2  RTO-13707MLL  RTX-12710C RTXF-12710C 
RT-7608LL  RTLOF-12610B  RTO-14608LL  RTXF-16709B RTXF-13609A 
RT-8608L  RTLOF-12610B-T2 RTO-14709MLL  RTX-13609A  RTXF-13609B 
RT-8908LL  RTLOF-12713A  RTO-14908LL  RTX-13609B  RTXF-13609P 
RTF-8608L  RTLOF-12913A RTO-14909ALL      RTX-13609P  RTXF-13609R 
RTF-8908LL  RTLOF-13610B  RTO-14909MLL  RTX-13609R  RTXF-13709H 
RTLO-11610B  RTLOF-13610B-T2 RTO-16908LL  RTX-13709H  RTXF-13710B 
RTXF-14709H  RTLOF-14610B  RTO-16909ALL  RTX-13710B  RTXF-13710C 
RTXF-14710B RTLOF-14610B-T2  RTOF-11607L  RTX-13710C  RTXF-14608LL 
RTLO-11610B-T2  RTLOF-14613B  RTOF-11607LL  RTX-14608LL  RTXF-14609A 
RTLO-12610B RTLOF-14618A  RTOF-11608LL RTX-14609A  RTXF-14609B 
RTLO-12610B-T2 RTLOF-14713A  RTXF-15710C RTX-14609B  RTXF-14609P 
RTLO-12713A  RTLOF-14718B  RTOF-11707LL  RTX-14609P  RTXF-14609R 
RTLO-12913A  RTLOF-14913A  RTOF-11708LL  RTX-14609R  RTXF-14610
RTLO-13610B  RTLOF-14918B  RTOF-11709MLL  RTX-14610  RTXF-16710C
RTLO-13610B-T2  RTLOF-14918B-T2  RTOF-11908LL  RTX-14615    
RTLO-14610A    RTLOF-15610B      RTOF-11909ALL  RTX-14708LL
 WARNING
Before starting a vehicle always be seated in
the drivers seat, place the transmission in
neutral, set the parking brakes and disengage
the clutch.

Before working on a vehicle place the

transmission in neutral, set the parking
brakes and block the wheels.

Before towing the vehicle place the

transmission in neutral, and lift the rear
wheels off the ground or disconnect the
driveline to avoid damage to the
transmission during towing.
Cut 8007K - 1/88
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FORWARD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

POWER FLOW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

TIMING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

COMMON TRANSMISSION COMPLAINTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

GEARS AND SHAFTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

BEARINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

TRANSMISSION ALIGNMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

DRIVELINE ANGULARITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

LUBRICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

TORQUE RECOMMENDATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

TROUBLESHOOTER’S GUIDELINE CHART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

CONVERSION TABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

TOWlNG OR COASTlNG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
FOREWORD
The purpose of this publication is to provide basic technical information for servicing and repairing heavy duty truck
transmissions. A guide to help the mechanic locate the trouble, analyze the cause, and make the necessary repairs.
Emphasis is placed on servicing Fuller twin countershaft transmissions; however, some sections are common to all
mechanical transmissions. If more in-depth diagnosis is required, reference can be made to the following publica-
tions:
• Air System Troubleshooting Guide
• Understanding Spur Gear Life
• Service Manuals
• Rear Seal Maintenance Guide

These programs and other forms of product service information for Fuller transmissions and components are avail-
able on request. A Technical Literature Order Form may be found in the back of this manual. You may also obtain
Service Bulletins detailing information on product improvements, repair procedures, and other service related sub-
jects by writing to the following address:
EATON CORPORATION
TRANSMISSION DIVISION
Technical Service Department
PO. Box 4013
Kalamazoo, MI 49003

Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of all information in this brochure. However, Eaton Transmission Division makes no expressed or implied
warranty or representation based on the enclosed information. Any errors or omissions may be reported to Training and Publications, Eaton Transmission
Division, PO. Box 4013, Kalamazoo, Ml 49003.

1
TRANSMISSION FUNCTION
The transmission must efficiently transfer the engine’s power, in
terms of torque, to the vehicle’s rear wheels. Torque is the twist-
ing or circular force delivered by the engine’s flywheel. The
transmission’s gear ratios increase or decrease torque depend-
ing on the requirements needed to move or start the load.
Gearing also increases or decreases speed. The gear ratios
are correctly spaced so that the engine will operate in its
most efficient RPM range with progressive speed
changes.

To meet the vehicle’s requirements, the transmission

must have ratios low enough to start the vehicle mov-
ing, to maintain movement up grades, and to keep
engine operating in its peak efficiency range. The trans-
mission, too, must provide an easy method for gear
selection.

OUTPUT
MAINSHAFT SHAFT
COUNTERSHAFT
GEAR
DRIVE GEAR

MAINSHAFT
SLIDING
CLUTCH
GEAR
INPUT SHAFT COUNTERSHAFT
AND DRIVE GEAR DRIVE GEAR

A simplified diagram of the power flow through a Fuller sliding clutch gear (5), which is splined to the mainshaft,
twin countershaft transmission will help show how is engaged into the internal clutching teeth of the
torque and speed are changed, and how torque is di- mainshaft gear, coupling it to the mainshaft. The
vided between the two countershafts. mainshaft will now be turning at the selected gear ratio.
The input shaft and drive gear (1) are in constant mesh Fuller twin countershaft Roadranger® transmissions
with both countershaft drive gears (2); when the input commonly consist of a five speed front section and ei-
shaft turns, the countershaft gears are in constant mesh ther a two or three speed auxiliary section, both in one
with the “floating” mainshaft gears (3). The mainshaft case.
gears are simply free-wheeling on the mainshaft (4). A
2
POWER FLOW (con’t.)

1. Power (torque) from the engine flywheel is trans- 7. Torque is split between the two auxiliary counter-
ferred to the input shaft. shaft drive gears. (In direct drive or high range,
2. Splines on input shaft engage internal splines in power is delivered to the output shaft from the
hub of drive gear. auxiliary drive gear through a self-aligning sliding
clutch gear.)
3. Torque is split between the two countershaft drive
gears. 8. Torque is delivered by the two countershaft low
range gears to the low range gear.
4. Torque delivered by two countershaft gears to
9. Torque delivered to output shaft through self-
mainshaft gear which is engaged. Diagram shows
aligning sliding clutch gear.
first speed gear engaged.
5. Internal splines in hub of mainshaft gear trans- 10. Output shaft is attached to drive line.
fers torque to mainshaft through sliding clutch
gear.
6. Mainshaft transfers torque to auxiliary drive gear
through a self-aligning coupling gear located in
hub of auxiliary drive gear.

3
TIMING
All Fuller twin countershaft transmissions are “timed” at assembly. It is important that proper timing procedures are
followed when reassembling the transmission. Timing assures that the countershaft gears will contact the mating
mainshaft gears at the same time, allowing mainshaft gears to center on the mainshaft and equally divide the load.
One set of gears must be timed in the front section, and one set the auxiliary section. Timing consists of marking the
proper teeth before installation and meshing the marked teeth during assembly. The following is step by step proce-
dure for timing:

Front Section

Drive gear teeth correctly Countershaft gear teeth

marked for timing. meshed with drive gear
teeth for correct timing.
Cut 7300G-11/86 Cut 7300F-11/86

1. Main Drive Gear - Mark any two adjacent teeth on 3. Meshing Countershaft Gears and Main Drive Gear
the drive gear, then mark the two adjacent teeth - Install the drive gear assembly. Mesh the marked
which are directly opposite the first set marked. left countershaft gear tooth between the two
There must be an equal number of teeth between marked teeth on the drive gear. Repeat the proce-
the markings on each side of the gear. dure with right countershaft.

Tooth on Countershaft di-

rectly over Keyway marked
for timing Auxiliary Section
The gear set which is marked for timing in the auxiliary
Cut 7300H-11/86 section varies, depending on the model. Usually the gear
at the rear of the auxiliary is used.
1. Mainshaft Gear - Mark any two adjacent teeth on
2. Countershaft Drive Gears - Mark on each drive gear
the mainshaft gear, then mark the two adjacent
the gear tooth which is directly over the key-way.
teeth directly opposite.
This tooth is stamped with an “O” for identifica-
tion. 2. Countershaft Gears - On each countershaft
asssembly mark the gear tooth which is stamped
with “O”.

Note: Refer to the appropriate service manual for more detailed timing instructions for the Fuller twin countershaft
transmission being assembled.

4
COMMON TRANSMISSION COMPLAINTS
Vibration
Although the effects of vibration will show up in the
transmission, vibration usually originates somewhere
else in the drive train. Vibration can usually be felt or
heard by the driver; however, in some cases, trans-
mission damage caused by vibration will occur without
the driver’s knowledge. (Refer to the “Torsional Vibra-
tion” section for the causes and cures of vibration
problems.)
Some of the problems found in the transmission due
to drive train vibration are:
1. Gear rattle at idle. (See “Shafts” section.)

Broken synchronizer pins

6. Broken or loose synchronizer pins.
7. Continuous loosening of capscrews, brackets and
mountings.

Fretted splines
2. Gear and shaft splines “fretted”.
3. Noise. (See “Noise”, this section.)
4. Fretted bearings. (See “Bearing” section.)
5. Repeated rear seal leakage. Input spline wear
8. Worn shaft spline wear.
9. Worn universal joints. (Not a transmission symp-
tom, but an indicator of vibration.)

5
COMMON TRANSMISSION COMPLAINTS (con’t)
Common causes of vibration:
1. Driveline imbalance or misalignment. (See “Trans-
mission Alignment” section.)
2. Unbalanced wheels or brake drums. Detent
Spring
3. Rough running engine.
4. Broken or worn engine mounts.
5. Worn Suspension.
Cut 7233A-11/86

Gear Slipout and Jumpout 4. Insufficient pressure on detent ball from weak or
Front Section broken detent spring.
When a sliding clutch is moved to engage with a
mainshaft gear, the mating teeth must be parallel. Ta-
pered or worn clutching teeth will try to “walk” apart as
the gears rotate. Under the right conditions, slipout will
result. Some of these conditions are:
1. Transmission mounted eccentrically with engine
flywheel pilot.
2. Excessive gear clashing which shortens clutch-
ing teeth.

Worn yoke bar

5. Excessive wear on detent notch of yoke bar.
6. Incorrect adjustment of remote shift control link-
age resulting in partial engagement. Also check
for loose connections and worn bushings.
Slipout will generally occur when pulling with full power
or decelerating with the load pushing.
Jumpout will occur when a force sufficient to overcome
the detent spring pressure is applied to the yoke bar,
Snubbed clutching teeth moving the clutch gear to a neutral position.
3. Gear clutching teeth wearing to a taper.

6
COMMON TRANSMISSION COMPLAINTS (con’t.)
Conditions which may produce jumpout are:
Jumpout in the auxiliary section usually occurs with the
splitter gear set. If torque is not sufficiently broken dur-
ing splitter shifts, the sliding clutch gear may not have
enough time to complete the shift before torque is re-
applied to the gears. As torque is reapplied, the partially
engaged clutch gear “jumps” out of the splitter gear.
Since the gears have torque applied to them, damage
will be done to the clutching teeth of the mating gears.

Hard Shifting
The effort required to move a gear shift lever from one
gear position to another varies. If too great an effort is
Cut 8005-11/88
required it will be a constant cause of complaint from
1. Extra heavy and long shift levers which swing, pen- the driver.
dulum fashion, from operating over uneven terrain.
Most complaints are with remote type linkages used in
Whipping action of the lever overcomes detent
cab-over-engine vehicles. Before checking the transmis-
spring tension.
sion for hard shifting the remote linkage should be
2. Mechanical remote controls with the master inspected. Linkage problems stem from worn connec-
mounted to the frame. Relative movement between tions or bushings, binding, improper adjustment, lack
engine-transmission package and frame can force of lubrication on the joints or an obstruction which re-
transmission out of gear. Worn or broken engine stricts free movement.
mounts increase the effects of this condition.
To determine if the transmission itself is the cause of
hard shifting, remove the shift lever or linkage from the
Auxiliary section top of the transmission. Then, move the shift blocks
Slipout in the auxiliary section may be caused by the into each gear position using a prybar or screwdriver. If
clutching teeth being worn, tapered, or not fully engaged. the yoke bars slide easily, the trouble is with the linkage
These conditions cause the clutch gear to “walk” out of assembly. If the trouble is in the transmission, it will
engagement as the gears turn. Causes of these types of generally be caused by one of the following:
clutching defects are: clashing or normal wear after long
life. Vibrations set up by an improperly aligned drive
line and low air pressure add to the slipout problem.

1. Splines of sliding clutch gear binding on

mainshaft as a result of a twisted mainshaft key,
Tapered clutching teeth bent shift yoke or bowed mainshaft key.
7
COMMON TRANSMISSION COMPLAINTS (con’t.)
Hard Shifting (con’t) Heat
2. Yoke bars binding in the bar housing as a result The transmission operating temperature should never
of cracked housing, overtorqued shift block lock- exceed 250°F. (120°C.) for an extended period of time.
screw, sprung yoke bar, or swelled areas of the If it does, the oil will breakdown and shorten transmis-
yoke bar. sion life.
If hard shifting occurs only in first and reverse, the shift Because of the friction of moving parts, transmissions
block detent plunger movement may be restricted. This will produce a certain amount of heat. In most cases
can result from burrs on the plunger, or from overtight- normal operating temperature is approximately 100°F.
ening the plunger spring plug. With the plunger blocked (40°C.) above ambient. Heat is dissipated through the
in the depressed position, the plug should be tightened transmission case. When conditions prevent the proper
until it bottoms out against the spring, then backed out dissipation of heat, then overheating occurs.
1/4 to 1/2 turn.
Before checking for possible causes of overheating the
Gear clashing should not be confused with hard shift- oil temperature gauge and sending unit should be in-
ing. Gear clashing occurs when an attempt is made to spected to make sure they are giving correct readings.
engage the clutch gear before it has reached synchroni-
Following are some of the causes of overheating.
zation with the mainshaft gear. (See “Clashing”, this
(See also “Lubrication”)
section.)
1. Improper lubrication. Oil level too low or too high,
wrong type of oil, or an operating angle of more
than 12 degrees.
2. Operating consistently under 20 MPH:
3. High engine RPM.
4. Restricted air flow around transmission, due to
transmission being “boxed in” by frame rails, deck
lids, fuel tanks and mounting brackets, or by a
large bumper assembly.
5. Exhaust system too close to transmission.
6. High ambient temperature.
7. High horsepower, overdrive operation.
8. Coasting downhill with the clutch depressed.
In some cases an external oil cooler kit can be used to
correct overheating problems.
Transmission Oil Coolers are:
Recommended
-With engines of 350 H.P. and above with overdrive
transmissions
Required
-With engines 399 H.R and above with overdrive trans-
missions and GCW’s over 90,000 lbs.
-With engines 399 HR and above and 1400 Lbs.-Ft. or
greater torque
8 -With engines 450 H.R. and above
COMMON TRANSMISSION COMPLAINTS (con’t.)
Noise
There will always be a certain level of noise due to nor-
mal transmission operation. However, excessive noise,
or unusual noise such as whine, growl, or squeal indi-
cates some kind of a problem.
The transmission itself can be the cause of excessive or
unusual noise. Also noise can originate elsewhere in
the vehicle, but be picked up and amplified by the trans-
mission.

Transmission Noise c. Cracked Gear - A gear cracked or broken by

1. Knocking or thudding. shock loading or by pressing on shaft during
installation will produce this sound at low
speeds. At high speeds a howl will be present.

2. High Pitched Whine or Squeal.

a. Gear Wear - Result of normal gear wear, includ-
ing gear tooth pitting from excessive use. In
advanced deterioration, a howl will result.
b. Mismatched Gear Sets - Such gear sets are iden-
tified by an uneven wear pattern on the face of
gear teeth.
c. Bearings - “Pinched” bearings, having insuffi-
cient axial or radial clearance. (See “Bearing”
section.)
3. Growling
a. Gears - Bumps or swells on gear teeth. Such
bumps or swells can be removed with a hone or a. Timing Error - Improper timing of the transmis-
small hand grinder; these areas can be identi- sion during reassembly, or improper timing due
fied as highly polished spots on the face of the to gear turning on the countershaft. Both con-
gear tooth. Generally, this noise is more promi- ditions produce error in tooth spacing.
nent when the gear is loaded; thus, the problem
gear can be located as the noise occurs in a
specific gear position. Bumps or swells are
caused by improper handling of gears before or
during assembly.
b. Bearings - Noise comes in at low shaft speeds
in any position. It is caused by bearings with
damaged balls or rollers, or with pitted and
spalled raceways. (See “Bearings” section.)

9
COMMON TRANSMISSION COMPLAINTS (con’t.)
Noise (CON’T)
Causes of Transmission Noise
Originating Elsewhere in Vehicle
(see also “Alignment” section) 7. Loose or worn center bearings.
8. Worn or pitted teeth on ring gear and pinion of driving axle.
1. Rough idling engine. (See “Gears and Shafts” gear rattle.) Rear axle bearing failure.
2. Engine operating noise. 9. Wheels out of balance.
3. Clutch driven plates in which the dampening action of 10. Worn spring pivot bearing.
springs or rubber blocks has been eliminated by wear set 11. Loose “U” bolts.
or fracture. 12. Brake drums warped or out of balance.
4. Drive line out of balance.
5. Unequal joint working angles.
6. Worn crosses in universal joints.

GEARS AND SHAFTS

Clashing 1. Improper shifting - This applies to drivers who are
not familiar with the shift pattern or have not learned
the RPM spread between shifts.
2. Clutch - Clashing when starting up in first or reverse
gear can be caused by insufficient clutch clearance
or a dragging clutch not releasing properly. This
makes the transmission countershafts and mainshaft
gears continue rotating while the clutch pedal is de-
pressed. Clashing results when the non-rotating
sliding clutch is forced to mesh with a rotating
mainshaft gear. Double clutching during lever shifts
will also reduce snubbing and clashing.
3. Inertial Force - Countershafts and mainshaft gears
usually take from 3 to 5 seconds to stop rotating
after the clutch has been disengaged. Attempting to
mesh a clutch gear with a mainshaft gear before the
mainshaft gear stops will result in clashing. If the
transmission is not equipped with a clutch brake or
countershaft brake, it is necessary to pause a few
Snubbed clutching teeth seconds after depressing the clutch pedal before at-
Snubbing and clashing gears while shifting are frequent tempting initial engagement of the transmission.
abuses to which unsynchronized transmissions are sub- Gear Failures
jected. Light snubbing will do little damage. The real
All gear teeth wear because of the sliding action which takes
damage is done by the hard clash shift caused by en-
place as mating teeth mesh. Normal wear is a constant
gaging gears which are far out of synchronization. This
and slow wearing of the tooth surface. Transmission gear
can break pieces of metal from the ends of the clutch-
tooth life can be shortened by various adverse conditions.
ing teeth.
These conditions and the failures resulting from them are
Clashing gears can be traced to one of three causes: discussed in the Fuller booklet entitled “Understanding Spur
Gear Life” (form no. 186).
10
GEARS AND SHAFTS (con’t.)
Manufacturing Marks
Sometimes gears are replaced or thought to be defec-
tive because of marks left on the gear by manufacturing
processes. These blemishes, however, do not contrib-
ute to gear failure and the gear should not be replaced
because of these marks.

1. Hob Marks — These are cutting marks or lines 3. Lipping — Lipping or shaving burrs, is the for-
formed during the initial cutting of the gear teeth. mation of “lips” at the tip of the gear teeth
Hob marks on the tooth face will be removed by machining. These “lips” will do no harm to the
the shaving process, but hob marks in the root of gear.
the tooth will most likely remain, and may be found
even on gears with much wear on them.
Gear Rattle at Idle
Mainshaft gears are designed to have a specified amount
of axial clearance which allows them to rotate freely on
the mainshaft. The amount of clearance is governed by
the use of washers. A rough idling engine can set up
vibrations, causing the mainshaft gears to rattle as they
strike mating gears. This condition can usually be cured
by improving the idling characteristics of the engine.
Tolerance washers may have to be changed to bring the
axial gear clearance to within tolerance on high mileage
units.

2. Shaving marks — The shaving operation leaves See the service manual for procedure and specifications.
distinct diagonal marks on the face of the gear
tooth. These marks can be distinguished from
scoring marks by the fact they are diagonal, while
scoring marks are more nearly vertical. Most shav-
ing marks are removed during normal gear
operation. 11
GEARS AND SHAFTS (con’t.)
Shaft Twist and Fracture
Failure of transmission shafts through fracturing or
twisting is caused when stresses are imposed on them
which are greater than they were designed to withstand.
The main causes for these failures are:
1. Improper clutching techniques.
2. Starting in too high of gear (either front or aux-
iliary section).
3. Lugging.
4. Attempting to start with brakes locked.
5. Transmission used for application it was not de-
signed to withstand.
Twisted mainshaft
6. Bumping into dock when backing.
Loads not severe enough to cause shaft fractures may
7. Improper mounting of adjustable 5th wheel.
cause the shaft to twist.

Fractured mainshaft
As with gear teeth, shafts may fracture as a result of
fatigue or impact.

12
BEARINGS
Fatigue Lubrication

Bearing race “flaking” 13-1

Burnt and spalled bearing 13-3

Bearing fatigue is characterized by flaking or spalling of Bearing failure due to poor lubrication is characterized
the bearing race. Spalling is the granular weakening of by discoloration of the bearing parts, spalling of the race,
the bearing steel which causes it to flake away from the and possible breakage of the retainer. Failure may re-
race. Because of their rough surfaces, spalled bearings sult not only from a low oil level, but also from
will run noisy and produce vibration. contaminated oil, improper grade oil, or mixing of oil
types (including the use of additives).
Normal fatigue failure occurs when a bearing “lives out”
its life expectancy under normal loads and operating To prevent this type of failure, the transmission should
conditions. This type of failure is expected and is a re- always be filled to the proper level, using a recommended
sult of metal breakdown due to the continual application type and grade of oil, and changed at regular intervals.
of speed and load. (See “Lubrication” section.)

Ball path pattern caused by out-of-round squeeze

Premature fatigue failure may occur in transmissions
when the bearing bore is undersized or out of round
due to poor quality resleeving. Extreme care should be
taken when reboring the housing. Boring the housing
off center will result in misalignment of the shafts. Al-
ways use precision equipment such as a jig boring
machine. Never prick punch the bearing bores to tighten 13
the fit.
BEARINGS (con’t.)
Brinelling Contamination

Brinelled race Contaminated race

Brinelling can be identified as tiny identations high on When bearings fail as a result of contamination, it is
the shoulder or in the valley of the bearing raceway. due to either contaminants entering the transmission
They can be caused by improper bearing installation or case or the bearings have been improperly handled dur-
removal. Driving or pressing on one race, while sup- ing service or storage. Bearings affected from
porting the other is the primary cause. To prevent contamination are identified by scoring, scratching or
brinelling always support the race which has pressure pitting of the raceways and balls or rollers, or a build up
applied to it. In addition to brinelling, damage can also of rust or corrosion on the bearing parts. In addition,
occur to the bearing shields, retainers and snap rings the presence of very fine particles in the oil, such as
by using a hammer and chisel to drive bearings. This abrasive dust, or the use of overly active EP (extreme
damage can be avoided by using correct drivers or pull- pressure) oils, will act as a lapping compound and pro-
ers. duce a very highly polished surface on the raceways
and balls or rollers. This lapping process will signifi-
Fretting cantly shorten the life of the bearing.
Impurities will always enter the transmission during its
normal breathing process. This will not seriously affect
the bearings if the transmission oil is changed as rec-
ommended.
New bearings should be stored in their wrappers until
ready for use. Used bearings should be thoroughly
cleaned in solvent, light oil or kerosene, covered with a
coat of oil and wrapped until ready for use. Always use
a new wrapping after reoiling.

Fretted outer race

The bearing outer race can pick up the machining pat-
tern of the bearing bore as a result of vibration. This
action is called fretting.
Many times a fretted bearing is mistakenly diagnosed
as one which has spun in the bore. Only under extreme
conditions will a bearing outer race spin in the bore.
14
BEARINGS (con’t.)
Misalignment Electric Arcing

Cut 8346A-11/86 15-1

Electric arcing
Bearing misalignment
Misalignment can occur in the input shaft drive gear When an electric current passing through a bearing is
bearing if the transmission is mounted eccentrically with broken at the contact surfaces of the ball or roller and
the pilot bearing bore in the flywheel. An indication of races, arcing results, which will pit the bearing compo-
this condition would be damage to the ball separators nents. In extreme cases, the balls or rollers may actually
and shield. be welded to the bearing races, preventing the bearing
from rotating.
The clutch housing, clutch housing mounting face, and
pilot bearing should be checked for eccentricity, foreign This condition may occur in truck transmissions as a
matter and proper mounting position when trying to result of electric welding on the truck with an improper
locate the cause of the misalignment. (See “Alignment” ground. When doing either A.C. or D.C. welding, never
section.) place the ground so as to allow current to pass through
the transmission.

15
TRANSMISSION ALIGNMENT
Concentric Alighment of Transmission to Engine
Common concerns resulting from IMPORTANT. When taking the following readings, ro-
misalignment tate engine by hand, do not crank engine with starter.
Remove spark plugs on gasoline engines, and release
• Direct gear slipout compression on diesel engines. NOTE: Before dial indi-
• Drive gear bearing failure cating engine flywheel or flywheel housing, make sure
engine crankshaft does not have excessive end-play. If
• Premature input shaft spline wear from rear hub
it does, accurate readings cannot be obtained. Place dial
of two plate clutches.
indicator finger against flywheel. Force crankshaft back
and forth with pry bar. If end-play movement exceeds
maximum as specified by engine manufacturer, it will
have to be corrected.

Worn Housings

Cut 8005A - 11/86

Concentric alignment means that the engine and trans-

mission must have a common axis. The purpose of this
section is to set forth the procedures to use in checking
for possible misalignment.

Cut 8005B - 11/86

Inspect for worn or fretted pilot on both the transmis-

sion clutch housing and the engine flywheel housing.
The 1/4" pilot lip of transmission clutch housing can
wear into the flywheel housing either by transmission
loosening up or after high mileage just from road and
engine vibration. Any appreciable amount of wear on
either part will cause misalignment and the part should
be replaced.

12

9 3

The basic instrument needed for taking readings is a Cut 8195 - 11/86 6
taper pointed dial indicator. Accuracy of readings is es-
sential for correcting alignment problems. Clean all The wear will generally be found from the 3:00 o’clock
surfaces thoroughly before proceeding. to 8:00 o’clock position.
16
TRANSMISSION ALIGNMENT (con’t.)
Engine Flywheel Housing Pilot Engine Flywheel Housing Face

Cut 8195A-11/86 Cut 8195C-11/86

Dial indicate the pilot or bore of engine flywheel hous- Dial indicate the face of engine flywheel housing. With
ing. Secure dial indicator to engine flywheel with tapered dial indicator secured to flywheel, move tapered point
point against housing pilot. Rotate flywheel by hand. to contact face of flywheel housing.
With chalk or soap stone, mark high and low points of
indicator as it is being rotated.
Mark high and low points in the same manner as in
previous step. SAE maximum total runout for the fly-
wheel housing face is .008" with SAE No.1 and No. 2
0 housings. NOTE: Mark the high and low runout read-
6 -
4+ ings in clock positions if it is necessary to reposition
the flywheel housing.

8- Flywheel Face

0 8+
+
12

+ 12 - (-8) = + 20 TOTAL RUNOUT

Cut 8195B - 11/86

The total runout will be the difference between the high-

est plus and minus readings. SAE maximum total runout Cut 8195D - 11/86
for flywheel housing pilot is .008" with No.1 and No.2
SAE housings.
Dial indicate the flywheel face. Secure dial indicator to
engine flywheel housing near the outer edge. Turn fly-
wheel to obtain readings. Maximum allowed is .001"
runout or face wobble per inch of flywheel radius. For
example, if vehicle has a 14" clutch and readings are
taken just off the outer edge of the clutch disc. wear,
maximum tolerence would be .007".

17
TRANSMISSION ALIGNMENT (con’t.)
Flywheel Pilot Bore Transmission Clutch Housing

The transmission clutch housing face and pilot can not

be checked accurately in the field without special mea-
suring tools. Recommended maximum runout for the
transmission clutch housing face and pilot is .003" with
SAE No.1 and No.2 housings.
Cut 8195E-11/86

Dial indicate pilot bearing bore of flywheel. With indi-

cator secured to flywheel housing, move gauge finger
to contact pilot bearing bore surface. Turn flywheel and
obtain readings. SAE maximum total run-out for the pi-
lot bearing is .005".

DRIVELINE ANGULARITY
Torsional Vibration
Checking Driveline U-Joint Operation Angles
The action of a drive line with a universal joint at either Cut 8580A-11/86

end working through an angle results in a peculiar mo- 2. Drive line slip joints that do not have the arrows
tion. The drive line will speed up and slow down twice or other markings pointing to each other will re-
for each revolution. If the working angles at either end sult in the drive line universal joints being out of
of the shaft are unequal, torsional vibration results. This phase. In other words, the transmission universal
torsional vibration will tend to cancel itself out if both joint may be turned one spline or more to the right
joint working angles are equal. or left of being aligned with the universal joint at
Types of Noise opposite end of the drive line. NOTE: Some com-
puter designed drive lines are purposely built with
Noise or vibration which occurs only at certain road U-joints out of phase. Check manufacturers speci-
speeds and diminishes as speed increases is generally fications for proper setting. Also, check closely to
caused by unequal working angles of drive line joints. make certain no twist has occured to the tubing,
Noise or vibration which is persistent throughout the causing these two joints to be out of phase.
speed range and varies in intensity with change of speed Make sure the slip joint works freely and is not bound
may be caused by unbalanced drive lines, unbalanced or seized. Slip joints must absorb axle housing move-
brake drums or discs, or drive lines with universal joints ments.
out of phase.
3. Unbalanced drive lines can cause vibration that
Preliminary Checks occurs throughout the speed range of vehicle and
Make checks of the following before taking angle read- varies in intensity with change of speed. The drive
ings: line may be at fault in respect to balance and con-
centricity. A quick field check to determine drive
1. Check companion flange or yoke nut for loose- line balance can be made by securing a small piece
ness and torque to proper specification if of metal or similar weight with a hose
necessary.
18
DRIVELINE ANGULARITY (con’t.)
Preliminary Checks (con’t)

Cut 8580B - 11/86

clamp to the front of the tube where the splined shaft is

welded. Road test the vehicle and continue to move the
weight around tube until balance point is found and vi-
Cut 8580D - 11/86
bration disappears, or is minimized.
Drive lines are dynamically balanced to their intended
rotational velocity and not to infinite speeds. Thus, vi-
bration can be expected when this rotational velocity is
exceeded.
Check concentricity of drive line by mounting on lathe
centers and dial indicating. Check manufacturer’s speci-
fications for runout allowance.
4. Engine supports that are worn, broken or loose, Cut 8580E - 11/86

and mounting pads that are worn or deteriorated

must be corrected to restore the engine suspen- At the rear axle, take readings from a machined surface
sion to its original vibration tolerance. differential carrier that is in the same plane as the axle
pinion shaft, or from machined surface that is perpen-
dicular to pinion shaft, whichever is easier.
Taking Readings
If vibration occurs while operating empty, take readings
in empty condition. If it occurs when loaded, take read-
ings when loaded.
When it is necessary to measure drive line lengths,
measure from joint center to joint center.
Limits
Wing
Manufacturer’s specifications should be followed when
making initial angularity check. Some manufacturers
have found it necessary to vary from the ideal due to
Plain Flange geometrical limitations. If vibration persists after ad-
Cut 8580C - 11/86

hering to manufacturer’s specifications, contact the

Take readings with protractor from machined surfaces manufacturer’s representative.
of yokes or companion flanges. Plain, wing or flange Angularity Checks – Parallel Flanges or Yokes
type joints may be encountered. Some will require par-
tial disassembly to obtain accurate readings. 1. Single Axle Vehicles
On plain type joints, it may be necessary to remove the a. Transmission angle. Take reading of transmis-
bearing cap. When taking readings, make sure the uni- sion angle. This angle is the angle to which the
versal joint is in a vertical plane. rear axle joint angle must match. The transmis-
sion angle will have a declination reading of from
0 to 5 degrees in most cases.
19
DRIVELINE ANGULARITY (con’t.)
Angularity Checks Parallel Flanges or Yokes (con’t) Angularity Checks - Non Parallel Compensating Angles
or Flanges or Yokes
With short wheel base vehicles which have a minimum
drive line length from transmission to axle, the drive
line is required to operate through very severe working
angles on some installations. This also applies to inter-
axle drive lines. These severe joint working angles induce
Cut 8580F-11/86 vibration.
b. Axle angle. Take reading either from machined
surface of axle housing or pinion bearing re-
tainer. This angle must be within one degree
of the transmission angle.
c. Example: If transmission angle reading is 3 de-
grees down to the rear, the rear axle angle should Cut 8580G-11/86

be 3 degrees up.
2.Tandem Axles or Vehicles with Auxiliary Units To decrease working angles, the axle is tilted upward
until the pinion shaft centerline and transmission
a. Take transmission angle reading. mainshaft centerline intersect midway between the joint
b. Take reading from joint of front tandem axle or centers.
auxiliary joint. This reading should be within
one degree of transmission angle. NOTE: The With tandem drive axles, the rearward axle is tilted
rear joint of front tandem axle will be the same upward until its pinion shaft centerline and forward axle
as the front joint. pinion shaft centerline intersect midway between joint
c. Take reading of joint angle at tandem rear axle, centers.
or axle to rear of auxiliary. This angle must be When figuring non-parallel joint installations, it is nec-
within one degree of transmission angle. essary to take the drive line angle readings as well as
transmission and axle angle readings.
Joint Working Angle Limits (Parallel)
1.Single Axle Vehicles
Universal joints have a maximum working angle, de- a. Take angle reading of transmission.
pending on type and manufacture. It is recommended b. Take angle reading of drive line.
that the joint working angle for parallel joint assembly c. Take angle reading of axle joint.
not exceed 8 degrees for main drive lines over 40" long. d. To compute for correct angles:
For main drive lines under 40" the maximum angle should (1) The difference between the drive line angle
not exceed Length (L) divided by 5. (This limit does not and the transmission angle will be the trans-
apply to interaxle drive lines.) Example: For a 35" drive mission joint working angle.
line, the maximum joint working angle would be 35 + 5 (2) The difference between the drive line angle
or 7° This working angle must not be exceeded. and the axle angle will be the axle joint work-
Place protractor on drive line to obtain angle of drive line ing angle.
from transmission to axle. The difference between the (3) The two working angles of transmission
drive line angle and the joint angle is the joint working and axle must be equal.
angle. For instance, if the transmission is 3 degrees down, e. Example:
and the drive line angle is down 7 degrees, the transmis- Transmission is 3 degrees down.
sion joint working angle is 7 minus 3 or 4 degrees. Drive line is 7.5 degrees down.
On tandem drive or auxiliary installations, take readings Rear axle is 12 degrees down.
in the same manner, comparing the universal joint angles Thus 7.5 minus 3 equals 4.5 degrees.
to the drive line angle to which it is attached. 12 minus 7.5 equals 4.5 degrees giving 4.5,
20 equal working angles.
DRIVELINE ANGULARITY (con’t.)
Angularity Checks-Non Parallel Compensating Angles
of Flanges or Yokes (con’t)
2. Tandem Axles or Vehicles with Auxiliary Units
When taking readings on tandem drive axles or between
auxiliary and rear axle, the same principles apply as with
single axle vehicles. Take readings between transmis-
sion and front tandem axle, or auxiliary. Take readings
between axles or between auxiliary and axle. In other
words, take angle readings for each set of universal
joints.
Joint Working Angle Limit
(Non-Parallel)
It is recommended that the maximum joint working angle
for non-parallel joint assemblies not exceed the main
drive line length divided by 10. For example, if the main
drive line length is 55, the maximum joint working angle
is 55 ÷ 10 or 5-1/2 degrees. (This limit does not apply
to interaxle drive lines.)
Axle Adjustments
Axle angles may generally be adjusted by one of the
following ways, depending on the type of axle.
1. Adjust torque rods, if adjustable type.
2. Add to or reduce length of non-adjustable torque
rods.
3. Add or reduce the number of shims behind torque
rod brackets.
4. Use correct amount of wedge shims under spring
to axle pad.
Suspensions – Pinion Shaft Angle
There will be little or no change of axle pinion angle
with types of suspensions which have a parallelogram
movement. These allow differential housings to move
up and down in a straight vertical during operation.
Suspensions not having a parallelogram movement will
allow axle pinion shaft to oscillate in an arc, thereby
constantly changing pinion shaft angle during opera-
tion. A varying amount of vibration can occur caused
by working angles of the universal joints being momen-
tarily unequal.
Single drive axle vehicles have little or no change of
axle pinion angle during operation.

21
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

A good Preventive Maintenance (PM) program can avoid Following is an inspection schedule that may be helpful
breakdowns, or reduce the cost or repairs. Often, trans- in setting up a PM program. This schedule is not all
mission problems can be traced directly to poor inclusive as inspection intervals will vary depending
maintenance. upon operating conditions.

Daily Every 10,000 Miles

Air Tanks Check Oil Level
Bleed air tanks to remove water or oil.

PROPER
OIL LEVEL
Oil Leaks
Check around bearing covers, PTO covers and other
machined surfaces. Also check for oil leakage on the
ground before starting truck in the morning.

NO NO
Cut 8192-10/85

22
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE (con’t.)
Every 20,000 Miles
Air System and Connections Check Remote Control Linkage
Check for leaks, worn hoses and air lines, loose con-
nections and loose capscrews.

Clutch Housing Mounting Cut 8725-11/86

Check linkage U-joints for wear.

Check for binding.
Lubricate U-joints.
Capscrew
Check connections for tightness.
Check for bushing wear.
Cut 8195M-11/86

Check all capscrews in bolt circle of clutch housing for

looseness.

Cut 8725-11/86
Lubricated Pedal Shafts
Check and clean or replace air filter element.
Zerk Fitting
Universal Joint Companion Flange

Cut 8195N-11/86

Cut 8580H-11/86

Check for proper torque, 450 to 500 lbs. ft. on twin coun-
tershaft models.
23
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE (con’t.)
Every 20,000 Miles (con’t) Every *50,000 Miles
Output Shaft Change Transmission Lubricant
Pry upward against output shaft to check radial clear-
ance in mainshaft rear bearing. *Initial fill on new units should be changed at 5,000
Check splines for wear from movement and chucking miles (see LUBRICATION).
action of the universal joint companion flange.

Every 40,000 Miles

Inspect Clutch
NOTE: Inspection Should be Made According to
Manufacturer’s Specifications

Clutch
Check clutch disc faces for wear.
Check dampening action of clutch driven plate.

Release Bearing
Remove hand hole cover and check axial and radial clear-
ance in release bearing.
Check relative position of thrust surface of release bear-
ing with thrust sleeve on push type clutches.

24
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE (con’t.)
Fuller®
Preventive Maintence Recommendations

100,000
10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000
DAILY

5,000
P,M, OPERATION
Bleed Air Tanks and Listen for Leaks X
Inspect for Oil Leaks X
Check Oil Level X X X X X X X X X X
Inspect Air System Connections X X X X X
Check Clutch Housing Capscrews for
Looseness X X X X X
Lube Clutch Pedal Shafts X X X X X
Check Remote Control Linkage X X X X X
Check and Clean or Replace Air Filter Element X X X X X
Check Output Shaft for Looseness X X X X X
Check Clutch Operation and Adjustment X X
Change Transmission Oil *X X X

*Initial fill on new units. See LUBRICATION section.

REPEAT SCHEDULE AFTER 100,00 MILES

25
LUBRICATION
Proper Lubrication. . . Recommended Lubricants
Fahrenheit
the key to long transmission life (Celsius)
Grade Ambient
Proper lubrication procedures are the key to a good all- Type (SAE) Temperature
around maintenance program. If the oil is not doing its job, or ® ®
Eaton Roadranger
if the oil level is ignored, all the maintenance procedures in CD5O Transmission
the world are not going to keep the transmission running or Fluid 50 All
assure long transmission life. Heavy Duty Engine Oil
MIL-L-2104B, C or D or 50 Above 10°F(-12°C.)
Eaton® Fuller® Transmissions are designed so that the in- API-SF or Api-CD 40 Above 10°F(-12°C.)
(Previous API 30 Below 10°F(-12°C.)
ternal parts operate in a bath of oil circulated by the motion of designations acceptable)
gears and shafts. Mineral Gear Oil with 90 Above 10°F(-12°C.)
Thus, all parts will be amply lubricated if these procedures rust and oxidation 80W Below 10°F(-12°C.)
inhibitor API-GL-1
are closely followed:
1. Maintain oil level. Inspect regulary. The use of mild EP gear oil or multi-purpose gear oil is not
2. Chang oil regularly. recommended, but if these gear oils are used, be sure to
3. Use the correct grade and type of oil. adhere to the following limitations:
4. Buy from a reputable dealer. Do not use mild EP gear oil or multi purpose gear oil when
operating temperatures are above 2300F (110°C). Many of these
Lubrication Change and Inspection
gear oils, particularly 85W140, break down above 2300F and
Eaton® Roadranger® CD5O Transmission Fluid coat seals, bearings and gears with deposits that may cause
HIGHWAY USE-Heavy Duty and Mid.Range premature failures. If these deposits are observed (especially a
First 3,000 to 5,000 miles Factory flit coating on seal areas causing oil leakage), change to Eaton
(4827 to 8045 Km) initial drain.
Roadranger CD5O transmission fluid, heavy duty engine oil or
Every 10,000 miles Check fluid level.
(16090 Km) Check for leaks.
mineral gear oil to assure maximum component life and to main-
tain your warranty with Eaton. (Also see “Operating
Heavy Duty Highway Change Interval Temperatures”.)
Every 250,000 mites Change transmission
(402336 km) fluid. Additives and friction modifiers are not recommended for use
Mid.Range Highway Change Interval in Eaton Fuller transmissions.
Every 100,000 miles (160,000 Km) Change transmission Improper Oil Level Proper Oil Level
or every 3 years whichever occurs first. fluid.

OFF-HIGHWAY USE
First 30 hours Factory fill initial drain. Proper Oil Level
Every 40 hours Inspect fluid level. Make sure oil is level with filler opening. Because you can
Check for leaks. reach oil with your finger does not mean oil is at proper level.
Every 500 hours Change transmission fluid
where severe dirt conditions exist. One inch of oil level is about one gallon of oil.
Every 1,000 hours Change transmission fluid
(Normal off-highway use). Draining Oil
Heavy Duty Engine Lubricant or Drain transmission while oil is warm. To drain oil remove the
drain plug at bottom of case. Clean the drain plug before re-
Mineral Gear Lubricant
installing.
HIGHWAY USE
First 3,000 to 5,000 miles Factory fill Refilling
(4827 to 8045 Km) initial drain. Clean case around filler plug and remove plug from side of
Every 10,000 miles Inspect lubricant level. case. Fill transmission to the level of the filler opening. If trans-
(16090 Km) Check for teaks.
Every 50,000 miles Change transmission mission has two filler openings, fill to level of both openings.
(80450 Km) lubricant.
The exact amount of oil will depend on the transmission in-
OFF-HIGHWAY USE clination and model. Do not over fill this will cause oil to be
First 30 hours Change transmission lubricant on new units.
forced out of the transmission
Every 40 hours Inspect lubricant level. Check for teaks.
Every 500 hours Change transmission lubricant where severe dirt conditions exist. When adding oil, types and brands of oil should not be mixed
Every 1,000 hours Change transmission lubricant (Normal off-highway use).
because of possible incompatibility.
Change the oil filter when fluid or lubricant is changed. 26
LUBRICATION (con’ t.)
Operating Temperatures Proper Lubrication Levels as Related to Transmission
– With Eaton® Roadranger® Installation Angles.
CD50 Transmission Fluid If the transmission operating angle is more than 12
Heavy Duty Engine Oil degrees, improper lubrication can occur. The operating
and Mineral Oil angle is the transmission mounting angle in the chassis
The transmission should not be operated consistently plus the percent of upgrade (expressed in degrees).
at temperatures above 250°F (120°C). However, inter- The chart below illustrates the safe percent of upgrade
mittent operating temperatures to 300°F (149°C) will on which the transmission can be used with various
not harm the transmission. Operating temperatures chassis mounting angles. For example: if you have a 4
above 250°F increase the lubricant’s rate of oxidation degree transmission mounting angle, then 8 degrees
and shorten its effective life. When the average operat- (or 14 percent of grade) is equal to the limit of 12 de-
ing temperature is above 250°F, the transmission may grees. If you have a 0 degree mounting angle, the
require more frequent oil changes or external cooling. transmission can be operated on a 12 degree (21 per-
The following conditions in any combination can cause cent) grade.
operating temperatures of over 250°F: (1) operating con- Anytime the transmission operating angle of 12 de-
sistently at slow speeds, (2) high ambient temperatures, grees is exceeded for an extended period of time the
(3) restricted air flow around transmission, (4) exhaust transmission should be equipped with an oil pump or
system too close to transmission, (5) high horsepower, cooler kit to insure proper lubrication.
overdrive operation.
Note on the chart the effect low oil levels can have on
External oil coolers are available to reduce operating safe operating angles. Allowing the oil level to fall 1/2"
temperatures when the above conditions are encoun- below the filler plug hole reduces the degree of grade
tered. by approximately 3 degrees (5.5 percent).
Transmission Oil Coolers are: Proper Lubrication Levels are Essential!
Recommended 22
12°
- With engines of 350 H.P. and above with over-
20 TR
drive transmissions AN 11°20’
SM
IS
Required 18 SI
ON 10°13’
OI
LL
- With engines 399 H.P. and above with overdrive 16 EV
EL 9°16’
transmissions and GCW’s over 90,000 lbs. TO

Percent Grad Cpmverted tp Degrees

Limitation for Proper Lubrication

BO
TR TT
14 AN OM 8°
- With engines 399 H.P. and above and 1400 Lbs.- SM OF
Percent of Grade

IS FIL
Ft. or greater torque 12
SI
ON LE 6°51’
OI R
L HO
- With engines 450 H.P. and above 2 Q LEV LE
10 UA EL 5°48’
RT 1/2
-With ED or Multipurpose Gear Oil S ”B
LO E
8 W LO 4°35’
W
Mild EP gear oil and multipurpose gear oil are not FIL
LE
R
recommended when lubricant operating temperatures 6 HO
LE
3°26’
are above 230°F (110°C). In addition, transmission oil
4 2°18’
coolers are not recommended with these gear oils since
the oil cooler materials may be attacked by these gear 2 1°8’
oils. The lower temperature limit and oil cooler re-
striction with these gear oils generally limit their 0
0° 1° 2° 3° 4° 5° 6° 7°
0°

success to milder applications. Transmission Mounting Angle

Dotted line showing “2 Quarts Low” is for reference
only. Not recommended.
27
TORQUE RECOMMENDATIONS
SLAVE VALVE CAPSCREWS,
8-12 Lbs.-Ft., 1/4-20 Threads.
Use Lockwashers.
YOKE LOCKSCREWS
FRONT BEARING COVER CAPSCREWS Start By Hand Until Cone Engages,
35-45 Lbs.-Ft., 3/8-16 Threads. 35-45 Lbs.-Ft., 7/16-20 Threads,
STUDS Secure with Lock Wire.
60 Lbs.-Ft., 3/8-16 Minimum, SHIFT LEVER HOUSING CAPSCREWS,
Driven Until Bottomed, 5/8-11 Threads. 35-45 Lbs.-Ft., 3/8-16 Threads.
CLUTCH HOUSING NUTS SHIFT BAR HOUSING CAPSCREWS,
5/8-18 Threads 35-45 Lbs.-Ft., 3/8-16 Threads.
Aluminum Housing: RANGE SHIFT YOKE CAPSCREWS,
140-150 Lbs.-Ft (Oiled) 50-65 Lbs.-Ft., 1/2-20 Threads,
With Nylon Locking Insert. Secure with Lock Wire
Use Plain Flat Washer.
Cast Iron Housing: RANGE CYLINDER SHIFT BAR NUT,
180-200 Lbs.-Ft Standard Nut. 70-85 Lbs.-Ft., 5/8-18 Threads with
Use Lockwasher Nylon Locking Patch.
(610)6610 Model, 60-75 Lbs.-Ft.
1/2-13 Threads, Use Lockwasher.)

OUTPUT SHAFT NUT,

450-500 Lbs.-Ft., (Oiled at Vehicle
All 1/8 Inch Compression Installation). 2-16 Threads with
Fittings 25-30 Lbs.-Inch Nylon Locking Insert.
C’SHAFT FRONT BEARING (oiled at vehicle installation)
RETAINER CAPSCREWS, AUXILIARY HOUSING CAPSCREWS,
20-25 Lbs.-Ft., 3/8-24 or 35-45 Lbs.-Ft., 3/8-6 Threads.
25-35 Lbs.-Ft., 1/2-20 Use Lockwashers.
Threads, Secure with Lock Wire REDUCTION/SPLITTER YOKE LOCKSCREW
90-120 Lbs.-Ft., 5/8-18 Threads. 35-45 Lbs.-Ft., 7/16-20 Threads,
CLUTCH HOUSING CAPSCREWS, Secure with Lock Wire.
1/2-13 Threads OIL DRAIN PLUG
Aluminum Housing: 45-55 Lbs.-Ft., 3/4 Pipe Threads.
70-80 Lbs.-Ft., Use Shakeproof Internal AUX. DRIVE GEAR BEARING RETAINER CAPSCREWS.
Lockwasher. 35-45 Lbs.-Ft., 3/8-16 Threads,
Cast Iron Housing: Secure with Lock Wire.
80-100 Lbs. Ft. Use Lockwasher
DRIVE GEAR NUT, REVERSE IDLER SHAFT NUTS,
250-300 Lbs.-Ft., 2-1/8-16 L.H. Threads, Clean 50-60 Lbs.-Ft., (Oiled)
Cut 7190S 6/86 Threads with Solvasol or Equivalent Stake 2 Places. 5/8-18 Threads with Nylon Locking Insert.
28
TORQUE RECOMMENDATIONS (con’t.)
SUPPORT STUD NUTS,
170-185 Lbs.-Ft., (Oiled at Vehicle REVERSE SIGNAL SWITCH PLUG,
Installation). 5/8-18 Threads,
35-50 Lbs.-Ft., 9/6-18 Threads.
Use Lockwashers
AIR FILTER/REGULATOR CAPSCREWS,
SUPPORT STUD,
8-12 Lbs.-Ft., 1/4-20 Threads.
60 Lbs.-Ft., Minimum.
Drive Untill Bottomed
5/8-11 Threads.
AUX. RANGE CYLINDER
CAPSCREWS,
REAR BEARING COVER CAPSCREWS, 35-45 Lbs.-Ft., 3/8-16 Threads.
35-45 Lbs.-Ft., 3/8-16 Threads,
Use Lockwashers.
AUX. RANGE CYLINDER
COVER CAPSCREWS,
REAR BEARING COVER ESLOK CAPSCREWS, 35-45 Lbs.-Ft., 3/8-16 Threads.
35-45 Lbs.-Ft., 3/8-16 Threads,
Use Brass Flat Washer & Nylon Collar.

SMALL P.T.O. COVER CAPSCREWS

35-45 Lbs.-Ft., 3/8-16 Threads.
AUX. C’SHAFT REAR BEARING
OIL FILL PLUG,
COVER CAPSCREWS,
35-45 Lbs.-Ft., 1-1/4 Pipe Threads.
35-45 Lbs.-Ft., 3/8-16 Threads.
LARGE P.T.O. COVER CAPSCREWS, THERMOCOUPLE PLUG,
50-60 Lbs.-Ft., 7/16-14 Threads. 40-50 Lbs.-Ft., 1/2 Pipe Threads.
REDUCTION/SPLITTER CYLINDER PLUG, SPEEDOMETER HOUSING PLUG,
40-50 Lbs.-Ft., 5/8-18 Threads. 35-50 Lbs.-Ft., 13/16-20 Threads.
REDUCTION/SPLITTER CYLINDER COVER CAPSCREWS, HAND HOLE COVER CAPSCREWS,
20-25 Lbs.-Ft., 5/16-18 Threads. 20-25 Lbs.-Ft., 5/16-18 Threads.
Cut 7191S 6/86

THREAD SEALING INSTRUCTIONS

•Capscrews-Apply Loctite 242
•Drove Gear Nut, Clutch Housing Studs, and Support Studs-Apply Thread Sealant (Fuller Part No. 71204)
•Tapered Threads (Pipe Threads) and Airline Fittings-Apply-Hydraulic Sealant (Fuller Part No. 71205)
29
TROUBLESHOOTER’S GUIDELINE
Following is a basic procedure guideline for troubleshoot-
ing transmissions:

POSSIBLE CAUSE
1.Preliminary Inspection.

WEAK OR MISSING DETENT SPRING

INTERLOCK BALL OR PIN MISSING

a. Personal Observation – look for signs of misuse

CRACKED SHIFT BAR HOUSING

TOO STRONG DETENT SPRING
such as broken mounts, fittings or brackets; check

BREATHER HOLE PLUGGED

LOOSE HOSE OR FITTING

DEFECTIVE REGULATOR
air lines.

BURR ON YOKE BAR

WORN YOKE PADS

DAMAGED INSERT
b. Question the Owner or Operator – gather informa-

BENT YOKE BAR

tion on operating conditions and vehicle use, on
history of problem, and on shifting characteristics
if affected. PROBLEM
c. Gather History of Unit – including maintenance and 1 2 2 9
SLIP OUT (SPLITTER) 2
lubrication procedures, past failures, and mileage
or hours of use. SLIP OUT (RANGE) 2 9

SLIP OUT OR 2
2.Disassemble Transmission. JUMP OUT (FRONT SECTION) 2 7

a. Keep oil sample for impurities, check if needed. SLOW SHIFT (SPLITTER) 2 2 9

b. During disassembly, check for incorrectly installed SLOW SHIFT OR

2 9
WON’T SHIFT (RANGE)
parts, missing parts, and nongenuine parts.
HARD SHIFT OR WON’T 2
c. Clean and inspect each piece closely. SHIFT (FRONT SECTION) 3
5 2 2

ABLE TO SHIFT FRONT

3.Determine Type of Failure. SECTION INTO 2 GEARS AT ONCE 7

4.Determine and correct Cause of Failure. GRINDING ON INITIAL 2

LEVER ENGAGEMENT

To Use Guide Line Chart LEVER LOCKS UP OR

STICKS IN GEAR
The Troubleshooter’s Guideline chart is used to locate and NOISE
correct transmission problems.
GEAR RATTLE AT IDLE
To use the guideline, 1) Locate the transmission problem
VIBRATION
in the left hand column; 2) Trace line horizontally across
the page until a rectangle with a number in it is reached; 3) BURNED MAINSHAFT WASHER
Trace up vertical column to find a possible cause. The num-
INPUT SHAFT SPLINES WORN OR
ber in the intersection of the vertical and horizontal lines INPUT SHAFT BROKEN
tell which corrections to use; 4) Possible corrections are CRACKED CLUTCH HOUSING
listed below. There may be more than one possible cause
BROKEN AUXILIARY HOUSING
and possible correction for each problem.
BURNED SYNCHRONIZER 2
POSSIBLE CORRECTIONS
1. Instruct driver on proper driving techniques.
BROKEN SYNCHRONIZER
2. Replace parts. (After trying other listed possible corrections)
3. Loosen lockscrew and retighten to proper torque. HEAT
4. Look for resultant damage.
5. Smooth with emery paper. TWISTED MAINSHAFT
6. Reset to proper specifications.
7. Install missing parts. DRIVE SET DAMAGED
8. Check air lines or hoses.
9. Tighten part.
10. Correct the restriction. BURNED BEARING
11. Recheck timing.
12. Clean part. OIL LEAKAGE 10
13. Apply thin film silicone.
14. Apply sealant. OVERLAPPING GEAR RATIOS
30
 10
PINCHED AIR HOSE
STICKING SLAVE VALVE PISTON

2
10 13 13
12 12
DAMAGE “O” RING

2 6
IMPROPERLY MOUNTED GASKET

6
8
AIR HOSE HOOKED TO WRONG PLACE

10
10
10
PINCHED AIR LINE OR CONNECTOR
AIR CYLINDER PISTON NUT LOOSE

9 2
10 12 13
AIR CYLINDER PISTON CRACKED

4
2
4
2
4
2
4
2

4
2
4
2
GEAR TWISTED OUT OF TIME ON SHAFT

4 2
CRACKED GEAR OR BURR ON TOOTH

6
2 5 6
EXCESSIVE MAINSHAFT GEAR TOLERANCE

2
2
TWISTED MAINSHAFT

2
TAPERED CLUTCHING TEETH

2 1
2
WORN YOKE SLOT IN CLUTCH GEAR

2
2 2 2
BROKEN KEY (FRONT SECTION)

4
2
BROKEN KEY (AUXILIARY)
YOKE INSTALLED BACKWARDS

6 7
2 2
SYNCHRONIZER SPRING BROKEN

7 2
2 1
FAILED SYNCHRONIZER

4
7

2
INNER RACE LEFT OFF FRONT OF AUX. C/S

4
2
2 2

7 2

2 2
BEARING FAILURE

6
ROUGH RUNNING ENGINE
PRE-SELECTING SPLITTER

4
1 1
4
1
4
1 1

4
1
NOT USING CLUTCH
STARTING IN TOO HIGH OF GEAR

2 2
1 1
2 2
1 1
SHOCK LOAD

1
C/S BRAKE NOT WORKING (PUSH)

31
CLUTCH BRAKE NOT ADJUSTED (PULL)
CLUTCH BRAKE TANGS BROKEN (PULL)

8 1 6 1
2 6 2 7
NOT EQUIPPED WITH C/S OR CLUTCH BRAKE
10 LINKAGE OBSTRUCTIONS

10 6
10 6

IMPROPER LINKAGE ADJUSTMENT

BUSHINGS WORN IN CONTROL HOUSINGS

6
2
10 6 2 6
IMPROPER CLUTCH ADJUSTMENT
4
6 2

2
2
2
2

BROKEN ENGINE MOUNT

6
2
CLUTCH FAILURE

6
4
2
6
4
2
4
2

6
4
2
LOW OIL LEVEL

6
HIGH OIL LEVEL

6
2
4
2

6
4
2
POOR QUALITY OIL

6
2
TOO GREAT OPERATING ANGLE

4 4 6 6 6
6 6 2 2 2
4
2

6
4
2
INFREQUENT OIL CHANGES
NO SILICONE ON “O” RINGS
13 13
12

13
13 12

EXCESSIVE SILICONE ON “O” RINGS

6
2

6
2

6
4
2
4
2

MIXING OILS OR USING ADDITIVES

PIN HOLE IN CASE
DAMAGED REAR SEAL

4 4 14
LOOSE OR MISSING CAPSCREWS

2 2 6,7
1
4
2

IMPROPER TOWING OF TRUCK OR COASTING

6
2

2
2
6
MISALIGNMENT ENGINE TO TRANSMISSION
OUTPUT SHAFT NUT IMPROPERLY TORQUED

6
2
6

IMPROPER DRIVELINE SET UP

WORN SUSPENSION

6 6 26 26
6 6 6 6
2 2

TIRES OUT OF BALANCE, LOOSE LUG NUTS

CONVERSION TABLE
Decimal Equivalents Metric Conversions
1/64 ............... .015625 17/64 ............. .265625 33/64 ............ .515625 49/64 ............. .765625 1 mile = 1.609 kilometers (Km)
1/32 ............ .03125 9/32 ............ .28125 17/32 .......... .53125 25/32 .......... .78125
1 inch = 25.4 millimeters (mm)
3/64 ............... .046875 19/64 ............. .296875 35/64 ............. .546875 51/64 .............. .796875
1 pound = 0.453 kilograms (Kg)
1/16 ............ .0625 5/16 ............ .3125 9/16 ............ .5625 13/16 .......... .8125
5/64 ............... .078125 21/64 ............. .328125 37/64 ............. .578125 53/64 .............. .828125 1 pint = 0.473 liters (l)
3/32 ............ .09375 11/32 .......... .34375 19/32 .......... .59375 27/32 .......... .84375 1 pounds • feet = 1.356 Newton/Meters (N.m)
7/64 ............... .109375 23/64 ............. .359375 39/64 ............. .609375 55/64 .............. .859375
1/8 .............. .125 3/8 .............. .375 5/8 .............. .625 7/8 .............. .875
9/64 ............... .140625 25/64 ............. .390625 41/64 ............. .640675 57/64 .............. .890625
5/32 ............ .15625 13/32 .......... .40625 21/32 .......... .65625 29/32 .......... .90625
11/64 ............. .171875 27/64 ............. .421875 43/64 ............. .671875 59/64 .............. .921875
3/16 ............ .1875 7/16 ............ .4375 11/16 .......... .6875 15/16 .......... .9375
13/64 ............. .203125 29/64 ............. .453125 45/64 ............. .703125 61/64 .............. .953125
7/32 ............ .21875 15/32 .......... .46875 23/32 .......... .71875 31/32 .......... .96875
15/64 ............. .234375 31/64 ............. .484375 47/64 ............. .734375 63/64 .............. .984375
1/4 .............. .25 1/2 .............. .5 3/4 .............. .75 1 ................. 1.0

Metric Equivalents
MM In. MM In. MM In. MM In. MM In. MM In. MM In.
1 .......... .0394 21 .......... .8268 41 ........ 1.6142 61 ........ 2.4016 81 ..... 3.1890 105 ...... 4.1339 205 ...... 8.0709
2 .......... .0787 22 .......... .8661 42 ........ 1.6535 62 ........ 2.4409 82 ..... 3.2283 110 ...... 4.3307 210 ...... 8.2677
3 .......... .1181 23 .......... .9055 43 ........ 1.6929 63 ........ 2.4803 83 ..... 3.2677 115 ...... 4.5276 215 ...... 8.4646
4 .......... .1575 24 .......... .9449 44 ........ 1.7323 64 ........ 2.5197 84 ..... 3.3071 120 ...... 4.7244 220 ...... 8.6614
5 .......... .1969 25 .......... .9843 45 ........ 1.7717 65 ........ 2.5591 85 ..... 3.3565 125 ...... 4.9213 225 ...... 8.8583
6 .......... .2362 26 ........ 1.0236 46 ........ 1.8110 66 ........ 2.5984 86 ..... 3.3858 130 ....... 5.1181 230 ...... 9.0551
7 .......... .2756 27 ........ 1.0630 47 ........ 1.8504 67 ........ 2.6378 87 ..... 3.4252 135 ...... 5.3150 235 ...... 9.2520
8 .......... .3150 28 ........ 1.1024 48 ........ 1.8898 68 ........ 2.6772 88 ..... 3.4646 140 ....... 5.5118 240 ...... 9.4488
9 .......... .3543 29 ........ 1.1417 49 ........ 1.9291 69 ........ 2.7165 89 ..... 3.5039 145 ...... 5.7087 245 ...... 9.6457
10 .......... .3937 30 ........ 1.1811 50 ........ 1.9685 70 ........ 2.7559 90 ..... 3.5433 150 ...... 5.9055 250 ...... 9.8425
11 .......... .4331 31 ........ 1.2205 51 ........ 2.0079 71 ........ 2.7953 91 ..... 3.5827 155 ...... 6.1024 255 .... 10.0394
12 .......... .4724 32 ........ 1.2598 52 ........ 2.0472 72 ........ 2.8346 92 ..... 3.6220 160 ...... 6.2992 260 .... 10.2362
13 .......... .5118 33 ........ 1.2992 53 ........ 2.0866 73 ........ 2.8740 93 ..... 3.6614 165 ...... 6.4961 265 .... 10.4331
14 .......... .5512 34 ........ 1.3386 54 ........ 2.1260 74 ........ 2.9134 94 ..... 3.7008 170 ...... 6.6929 270 .... 10.6299
15 .......... .5906 35 ........ 1.3780 55 ........ 2.1654 75 ........ 2.9528 95 ..... 3.7402 175 ...... 6.8898 275 .... 10.8268
16 .......... .6299 36 ........ 1.4173 56 ........ 2.2047 76 ........ 2.9921 96 ..... 3.7795 180 ...... 7.0866 280 .... 11.0236
17 .......... .6693 37 ........ 1.4567 57 ........ 2.2441 77 ........ 3.0315 97 ..... 3.8189 185 ...... 7.2835 285 .... 11.2205
18 .......... .7087 38 ........ 1.4961 58 ........ 2.2835 78 ........ 3.0709 98 ..... 3.8583 190 ...... 7.4803 290 .... 11.4173
19 .......... .7480 39 ........ 1.5354 59 ........ 2.3228 79 ........ 3.1102 99 ..... 3.8976 195 ...... 7.6772 295 .... 11.6142
20 .......... .7874 40 ........ 1.5748 60 ........ 2.3622 80 ........ 3.1496 100 ..... 3.9370 200 ...... 7.8740 300 ..... 11.8110

Metric Conversion Factors

Approximate Conversions to Metric Measures Approximate Conversions to Metric Measures
Symbol When You Know Multiply by To Find Symbol Symbol When You Know Multiply by To Find Symbol
LENGTH LENGTH
in inches *2.5 centimeters cm mm millimeters 0.04 inches in
ft feet 30 centimeters cm cm centimeters 0.4 inches in
yd yards 0.9 meters m m meters 3.3 feet ft
ml miles 1.6 kilometers km m meters 1.1 yards yd
km kilometers 0.6 miles ml
AREA
AREA
in2 square inches 6.5 square centimeters cm2
ft2 square feet 0.09 square meters m2 cm2 square centimeters 0.16 square inches in2
yd2 square yards 0.8 square meters m2 m2 square meters 1.2 square yards yd2
m2 square miles 2.6 square kilometers km2 km2 square kilometers 0.4 square miles m2
acres 0.4 hectares ha ha hectares (10,000 m2) 2.5 acres
MASS (weight) MASS (weight)
oz ounces 28 grams g g gram 0.035 ounces oz
lb pounds 0.45 kilograms kg kg kilograms 2.2 pounds lb
short tons (2000 lb) 0.9 tonnes t t tonnes (1000 kg) 1.1 short tons
VOLUME VOLUME
tsp teaspoons 5 milliters ml ml milliters 0.03 fluid ounces fl oz
Tbsp tablespoons 15 milliters ml l liters 2.1 pints pt
fl oz fluid ounces 30 milliters ml l liters 1.06 quarts qt
c cups 0.24 liters l l liters 0.46 gallons gal
pt pints 0.47 liters l m3 cubic meters 35 cubic feet ft3
qt quarts 0.95 liters l m3 cubic meters 1.3 cubic yards yd3
gal gallons 3.8 liters l TEMPERATURE (exact)
ft3 cubic feet 0.03 cubic feet m3
yd3 cubic yards 0.76 cubic meters m3 °C Celsius 9/5 (then Fahrenheit °F
TEMPERATURE (exact) temperature add 32) temperature
°F Fahrenheit 5/9 Celsius °C °F 32 98.6 212
temperature (after temperature —40 0 40 80 120 160 200
subtracting
32)
—40 —20 20 40 60 80
°C 0 37 100

32
TOWING OR COASTING

Tran
s
Mou mission
Max nting
- Angl
Oper e
ating
Angl
e

Perce
nt of
grade

Cut 8962D-2/89 Cut 8962C-2/89

Fuller transmissions require rotation of the front sec-

tion countershaft and mainshaft gears to provide
adequate lubrication. These gears do not rotate when
the vehicle is towed with the rear wheels on the ground
and the drive train connected. The main-shaft, however,
is driven at a high rate of speed by the rear wheels. The
friction between the mainshaft splined washers, due to
the lack of lubrication and the extreme difference in ro-
tational speeds, will severely damage the transmission.
Coasting with the transmission in neutral will produce
the same damage.

To prevent this kind of damage:

Never coast with the transmission in neutral.
Never coast with the clutch depressed.
When towing, pull the axle shafts, or disconnet
the drive line, or tow with the drive wheels off the
ground.

33
NOTES

34
for pdf
Copyright Eaton Corporation, 2012.
Eaton hereby grant their customers,
vendors, or distributors permission
to freely copy, reproduce and/or
distribute this document in printed
format. It may be copied only in
its entirety without any changes or
modifications. THIS INFORMATION
IS NOT INTENDED FOR SALE OR
RESALE, AND THIS NOTICE MUST
REMAIN ON ALL COPIES.
Note: Features and specifications
listed in this document are subject to
change without notice and represent
the maximum capabilities of the
software and products with all options
installed. Although every attempt has
been made to ensure the accuracy of
information contained within, Eaton
makes no representation about the
completeness, correctness or accuracy
and assumes no responsibility for
any errors or omissions. Features and
functionality may vary depending on
selected options.
For spec’ing or service assistance,
call 1-800-826-HELP (4357) or visit
www.eaton.com/roadranger.
In Mexico, call 001-800-826-4357.

Roadranger: Eaton and trusted partners

providing the best products and services in the
industry, ensuring more time on the road.

Eaton Corporation
Vehicle Group
P.O. Box 4013
Kalamazoo, MI 49003 USA
800-826-HELP (4357)
www.eaton.com/roadranger
Printed in USA