Programing Manual T

NUM
1020/1040/1060T
PROGRAMMING
MANUAL
0101938820/5
06-97 en-938820/5
Despite the care taken in the preparation of this document, NUM cannot guarantee the accuracy of the information it contains and cannot be held
responsible for any errors therein, nor for any damage which might result from the use or application of the document.
The physical, technical and functional characteristics of the hardware and software products and the services described in this document are subject
to modification and cannot under any circumstances be regarded as contractual.
The programming examples described in this manual are intended for guidance only. They must be specially adapted before they can be used in
programs with an industrial application, according to the automated system used and the safety levels required.
© Copyright NUM 1997.

All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means whatsoever, including photographic or magnetic
processes. The transcription on an electronic machine of all or part of the contents is forbidden.
© Copyright NUM 1997 software NUM 1000 family.

This software is the property of NUM. Each memorized copy of this software sold confers upon the purchaser a non-exclusive licence strictly limited
to the use of the said copy. No copy or other form of duplication of this product is authorized.
2 en-938820/5
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
1 Review 1-1
1.1 System Overview 1-3
1.2 Machine Overview 1-5
2 Structure of a Programme 2-1
2.1 Word Format 2-4
2.2 Block Format 2-7
2.3 General Structure of a Programme 2-9
2.4 Classification of Preparatory G Functions
and Miscellaneous M Functions 2 - 18
3 Axis Programming 3-1
3.1 General 3-3
3.2 Programming the Independent Secondary
Axes 3-4
3.3 Programming Carrier/Carried Parallel Axis
Pairs 3-5
3.4 Programming of Rotary Axes Modulo 360
Degrees 3-6
3.5 Programming of Slaved Rotary Axes with
Limited Travel 3-7
3.6 Programming of Axes A, B or C Declared as
Nonrotary 3-7
3.7 Features of Front Turret, Rear Turret 3-8
4 ISO Programming 4-1
4.1 Choice of the Programming System 4-5
4.2 Programming with Reference to Diameter
or Radius 4-9
4.3 Spindle Commands 4 - 11
4.4 Rapid Positioning 4 - 29
4.5 Programming of Movements 4 - 32
4.6 Path Sequencing Conditions 4 - 59
4.7 Feed Rate 4 - 61
4.8 Programming of Tools 4 - 70
4.9 Basic Cycles 4 - 91
4.10 Other Machining Cycles 4 - 128
4.11 Breaks in Sequence 4 - 165
4.12 Movement Origin Selection 4 - 203
4.13 Spline Curve Interpolation 4 - 216
4.14 Coordinates Systems with C Axis 4 - 226
4.15 Other Functions 4 - 238
4.16 «Inclined Axis» or «Inclined Wheel»
State on a Grinder 4 - 267
4.17 Special Programming for Multiple Axis
Groups 4 - 273
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4.18 Special Programming of PLC Axes 4 - 283
4.19 Message Transmission 4 - 288
4.20 Spindle Synchronisation 4 - 293
5 Profile Geometry Programming 5-1
5.1 Profile Geometry Programming (PGP) 5-3
5.2 Profil Function 5 - 22
6 Parametric Programming 6-1
6.1 Programme L Variables 6-3
6.2 External E Parameters 6 - 16
6.3 Address Equivalences 6 - 54
6.4 Transfer of the Current Values of L
Variables and E Parameters into the Part
Programme 6 - 55
6.5 Message Display with Wait for an Operator
Response 6 - 57
6.6 Display of Messages with Parametric
Value 6 - 59
6.7 Reading the Programme Status Access
Symbols 6 - 60
6.8 General Diagrams of Parametric
Programming 6 - 64
7 Programme Stack - L Variables and Symbolic Variables 7-1
7.1 Programme Stack 7-3
7.2 Saving and Restoring L Variables 7-4
7.3 Symbolic Variables 7-7
8 Programming of Error Numbers and Messages 8-1
8.1 General 8-3
8.2 Creating Error Messages 8-3
Appendix A Function Summary Tables A-1
A.1 G Function Summary Table A-3
A.2 M Function Summary Table A - 17
A.3 Additional Function Summary Table A - 22
Appendix B External Parameter E Summary Tables B-1
B.1 Parameters in the PLC Memory B-3
B.2 Parameters in the NC Memory B-3
Appendix C Word Format Summary Table C-1
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Table of Contents
Appendix D List of Errors D-1

D.1 Miscellaneous Errors and Machine Errors D-3
D.2 Parametric Programming Errors D-5
D.3 Profile Geometry Programming (PGP)
Errors D-6
D.4 Miscellaneous Errors D-7
D.5 Request for Movements Outside the
Machine Travel Limits D-8
D.6 Structured Programming Errors D-8
D.7 Axis Errors D-8
D.8 Errors in Pocket Cycles D-9
D.9 Axes Not Identified on the Bus D - 10
D.10 Dynamic Operators in C D - 10
D.11 Spline Curve Interpolation Errors D - 10
D.12 Errors in Numaform D - 11
D.13 Cycle Programming Errors D - 12
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Table of Contents
Record of Revisions
DOCUMENT REVISIONS
Date Revision Reason for revisions
04-92 0 Document creation (conforming to software index B)
11-93 1 Update to conform to software index D
Manual revisions:
- Classification of G preparatory functions and M miscellaneous functions.
- Processing of blocks and programmed G and M functions (with G997 to G999).
- Programming of error numbers and messages.
- Counterboring, boring and tapping cycles.
- The sections on structured programming and the use of table of variables are
transferred from this manual to the supplementary programming manual.
Taking into account of upgrades
Software index C:
- Special programming of PLC axes.
- Creation of external parameter E41004.
Software index D:
- Spline curve interpolation.
- Rigid tapping.
- Creation of external parameters E42000 to E42127, E79003, E79004, E41005,
E941xx, E960xx, E961xx, E962xx, E963xx.
09-94 2 Update to conform to software index F
Manual revisions:
- Circular interpolation defined by three points (G23)
- Block sequencing without stopping movement, with sequence interruption and feed rate
limiting after interrupt by EF (changes to G10)
- Temporary suspension of next block preparation (G79+/-)
- Automatic homing subroutine branch
- Subroutine branch on reset
- Message transmission by $0 to $6 (formerly in Chapter 3, moved to the end of
Chapter 4)
- Added a paragraph concerning access to the Profil function (see Sec. 5.2)
- Unconditional call to a sequence by G77N..
en-938820/5 7
Added changes
Software at index E:
- Polar programming
- Feed rate in fillets EB+ and chamfers EB-
- Movements parallel to inclined axes (G05 and G07)
- Extension of parameter E21000
- External parameters E49001 to E49128, E931xx, E932xx, E933xx, E7x100, E934xx,
E951xx, E952xx, E41102, E33xyz, E43xyz, E34xxy, E44xxy, E20100 to E20111,
E9030x, E9031x, E9032x, E9033x, E970xx, E971xx, E972xx, E11014, E11016 and
E32001
- Acquisition of variables in the stack of another axis group by function VAR H.. N.. N..
- Adressing by function [.RG80]
- Conversion of the internal unit to the programming unit by function U for linear axes.
02-95 3 Update to conform to software index G

Manual revisions:
- Spindle synchronisation
- External parameters E11013, E41006, E935xx, E980xx
05-96 4 Update to conform to software index J

Manual revisions:
- transmission of a message from CNC to PC ($9)
- call of a subroutine return block (G77 -i)
- tool number T defined by 8 digits
- inclined wheel p, grinding machine
- external parameters E32002, E32003, E32004, E32005, E69002, E9034x, E9035x,
E7x101, E913xx, E942xx, E973xx, E982xx and E983xx
Inclusion of changes
Software index H
- external parameters E11008, E936xx
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Table of Contents
DOCUMENT REVISIONS
Date Revision Reason for revisions
06-97 5 Update to conform to software index L

Manual revisions:
- ISO programme or block creation/deletion (G76+/-)
- Conversion of the internal unit to the programming unit by function M for rotary axes
Added changes:
Software index J and K
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10 en-938820/5
Foreword
Foreword
Structure of the NUM 1020/1040/1060 Documentation

User Documents
These documents are designed for the operator of the numerical control.
NUM NUM NUM NUM NUM

M/W T M T G
OPERATOR’S OPERATOR’S PROGRAMMING PROGRAMMING CYLINDRICAL

MANUAL MANUAL MANUAL MANUAL GRINDING
PROGRAMMING
VOLUME 1 VOLUME 1 MANUAL
VOLUME 2 VOLUME 2
938821 938822 938819 938820 938930
OEM Documents
These documents are designed for the OEM integrating the numerical control on a
machine.
NUM NUM NUM NUM NUM

1060 1020/1040
AUTOMATIC
INSTALLATION INSTALLATION PARAMETER CONTROL DYNAMIC
AND AND MANUAL FUNCTION OPERATORS
COMMISSIONING COMMISSIONING PROGRAMMING
MANUAL MANUAL MANUAL
LADDER
LANGUAGE
938816 938938 938818 938846 938871
NUM NUM NUM NUM NUM

G H/HG GS
PROCAM CYLINDRICAL GEAR TWO-SPINDLE SURFACE

DESCRIPTION GRINDING CUTTING AND SYNCHRONISATION GRINDING
MANUAL COMMISSIONING GRINDING MANUAL MANUAL
MANUAL MANUAL
938904 938929 938932 938854 938945
en-938820/5 11
OEM Documents (cont’d)
These documents are designed for the OEM integrating the numerical control on a
machine.
NUM NUM NUM
SETTOOL PLCTOOL LADDER MMITOOL

PARAMETER LANGUAGE MAN/MACHINE
INTEGRATION PROGRAMMING INTERFACE
TOOL TOOL CUSTOMISATION
TOOL
938924 938859 938946
Special Programming Documents
These documents concern special numerical control programming applications.
NUM NUM NUM NUM NUM

M T
SUPPLEMENTARY PROCAM MILL PROCAM TURN DUPLICATED PROFIL

PROGRAMMING INTERACTIVE INTERACTIVE AND FUNCTION
MANUAL PROGRAMMING PROGRAMMING SYNCHRONISED USER’S
MANUAL AXES MANUAL
938872 938873 938874 938875 938937
NUM NUM NUM NUM NUM

G GS T M
PROCAM GRIND POLYGON PROCAM GRIND PROCAM PROCAM

INTERACTIVE CUTTING INTERACTIVE TURN MILL
PROGRAMMING MANUAL PROGRAMMING TECHNOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGICAL
DATA DATA
938931 938952 938953 938959 938958
12 en-938820/5
Foreword
Programming Manual
General description of the NC and its use with the machine tool.
Review of the rules and standards related to the NC/machine-tool combination.
CHAPTER 1
REVIEW
Rules for writing a part programme by assembling characters into words, words into
blocks and blocks into a complete programme.
CHAPTER 2
STRUCTURE
OF A
PROGRAMME
Description of the features related to axis programming.
CHAPTER 3
AXIS
PROGRAMMING
Detailed description of functions related to ISO programming.
CHAPTER 4
ISO
PROGRAMMING
en-938820/5 13
Detailed description of profile geometry programming (PGP).
Description of access to the Profil function and the contour call created by Profil.
CHAPTER 5
PGP and Profil are used to define contours as a sequence of geometric elements,
with computation of intermediate points. PGP and Profil are extensions of ISO
PROFILE programming.
GEOMETRY
PROGRAMMING
Gives the possibility of assigning variables to NC functions. The values of the

variables can be obtained by computation or by reading machine data.
CHAPTER 6
PARAMETRIC
PROGRAMMING
Possibility of saving or restoring a chain of L variables in a single instruction.
Possibility of naming the variables used in a part programme to make the programme
CHAPTER 7
easier to read.
PROGRAMME
STACK-
L VARIABLES
AND SYMBOLIC
VARIABLES
Gives the possibility of programming and displaying error numbers and messages.
CHAPTER 8
PROGRAMMING
OF ERROR
NUMBERS AND
MESSAGES
14 en-938820/5
Foreword
Tables given as lists of:
- G preparatory functions,
APPENDIX A - M miscellaneous functions,
- other functions.
FUNCTION
SUMMARY
TABLES
Tables given as lists of:
- exchange parameters with the PLC,

APPENDIX B
- parameters stored in the NC memory.
EXTERNAL
PARAMETER E
SUMMARY
TABLES
Table given as a list of words with their associated formats.
APPENDIX C
WORD
FORMAT
SUMMARY
TABLE
List of NC error numbers and definitions.
APPENDIX D
LIST OF
ERRORS
en-938820/5 15
Use of this Programming Manual
Function Syntax Entry Conventions
The lines (blocks) of a part programme include several functions and arguments.
Special syntax rules apply to each of the functions described herein. These syntax
rules specify how the programme blocks must be written.
Certain syntax formats are given as a line. The following conventions simplify writing
the line:
- the function to which the syntax format is related is highlighted by boldface type,
- terms between square brackets «[..]» are optional functions or arguments in the
block (or functions activated earlier, with values unchanged, etc.) (except Sec. 6.6
and Chapter 7),
- «/» indicates a choice between several terms (equivalent to «or») (except Sec. 6.6
and Chapter 7),
- «..» after a letter replaces a numerical value,
- «...» replaces a character string (for instance a message).
Examples
Syntax of function G12
N.. [G01/G02/G03] G12 X.. Z.. [F..] [$0…]
Syntax in the form of a Conway diagram
+ E (
Parameter
5 digits )
– L ( Variable
)
1 to 3 digits
( )
Value
L ( 1 to 3 digits ) = 8 digits
max
+
–
NC Operating Modes
Certain NC operating modes are mentioned herein when they are directly related to
the use of ISO functions. For additional information on these modes, refer to the
Operator Manual.
16 en-938820/5
Foreword
Optional Functionalities
The use of certain functionalities described herein requires validating the associated
options. The «OPTIONS» system page is used to check for the presence of these
functionalities (for access to the «OPTIONS» page and the list of functionalities, see
Chapter 2 of the Operator Manual).
List of G, M and Other Functions
The lists at the beginning of the manual indicate the pages where the G, M and other
functions are found (yellow pages).
Index
The index at the end of the manual facilitates access to information by keywords.
Agencies
The list of NUM agencies is given at the end of the manual.
Questionnaire
To help us improve the quality of our documentation, we kindly request you to return
the questionnaire at the end of the manual.
en-938820/5 17
18 en-938820/5
Lists of G, M and Other Functions
G Functions
Code Description Page
G00 High-speed linear interpolation 4 - 29
G01 Linear interpolation at programmed feed rate 4 - 32
G02 Clockwise circular interpolation at programmed feed rate 4 - 36
G03 Counterclockwise circular interpolation at programmed

feed rate 4 - 36
G04 Programmable dwell 4 - 238
G05 Movement on an inclined axis 4 - 269
G06 Spline curve execution command 4 - 216
G07 Initial tool positioning before machining on an inclined axis 4 - 268
G09 Accurate stop at end of block before going to next block 4 - 59
G10 Interruptible block 4 - 180
G12 Overspeed by handwheel 4 - 242
G16 Definition of tool axis orientation with addresses P, R 4 - 72
G20 Programming in polar coordinates (X, Z, C) 4 - 226
G21 Programming in cartesian coordinates (X, Y, Z) 4 - 229
G22 Programming in cylindrical coordinates (X, Y, Z) 4 - 234
G23 Circular interpolation defined by three points 4 - 44
G33 Constant lead thread cutting 4 - 92
G38 Sequenced thread cutting 4 - 99
G40 Tool radius offset (cutter compensation) cancel 4 - 80
G41 Left tool radius offset (cutter compensation) 4 - 79
G42 Right tool radius offset (cutter compensation) 4 - 79
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G48 Spline curve definition 4 - 216
G49 Spline curve deletion 4 - 216
G51 Mirroring 4 - 261
G52 Programming of movements in absoluted dimensions

with reference to the measurement origin 4 - 203
G53 DAT1 and DAT2 offset cancel 4 - 206
G54 DAT1 and DAT2 offset enable 4 - 206
G59 Programme origin offset 4 - 209
G63 Roughing cycle with groove 4 - 151
G64 Turn/Face roughing cycle 4 - 128
G65 Groove roughing cycle 4 - 140
G66 Plunging cycle 4 - 146
G70 Inch data input 4 - 244
G71 Metric data input 4 - 244
G73 Scaling factor cancel 4 - 259
G74 Scaling factor enable 4 - 259
G75 Emergency retraction subroutine declaration 4 - 189
G76 Transfer of the current values of «L» and «E» parameters

into the part programme 6 - 55
G76+/- ISO programme or block creation/deletion 4 - 198
G77 Unconditional branch to a subroutine or block sequence

with return 4 - 165
G77 -i Call of a subroutine return block 4-196
G78 Axis group synchronisation 4 - 279
G79 Conditional or unconditional jump to a sequence without

return 4 - 174
G79 +/- Temporary suspension of next block preparation in a
sequence with movements 4 - 187
20 en-938820/5

G80 Canned cycle cancel 4 - 91
G81 Centre drilling cycle 4 - 104
G82 Counterboring cycle 4 - 106
G83 Peck drilling cycle 4 - 108
G84 Tapping cycle 4 - 113

G84 Rigid tapping cycle 4 - 111
G85 Boring cycle 4 - 117
G87 Drilling cycle with chip breaking 4 - 119
G89 Boring cycle with dwell at hole bottom 4 - 122
G90 Programming in absolute dimensions with respect to the

programme origin 4-5
G91 Programming in incremental dimensions with respect to the

start of the block 4-5
G92 Programme origin preset 4 - 207

G92 R.. Programming of the tangential feed rate 4 - 66
G92 S.. Spindle speed limiting 4 - 27
G94 Feed rate expressed in millimetres, inches or degrees

per minute 4 - 61
G95 Feed rate expressed in millimetres or inches per revolution 4 - 64
G96 Constant surface speed expressed in metres per minute 4 - 15
G97 Spindle speed expressed in revolutions per minute 4 - 13
G98 Definition of the start X for interpolation on the C axis 4 - 228
G997 Enabling and execution of all the functions stored in

state G999 4 - 264
G998 Enabling of execution of the blocks and part of the functions

processed in state G999 4 - 264
G999 Suspension of execution and forcing of block concatenation 4 - 264
en-938820/5 21
M Fonctions
M00 Programme stop 4 - 248
M01 Optional stop 4 - 250
M02 End of programme 2-9
M03 Clockwise spindle rotation 4 - 11
M04 Counterclockwise spindle rotation 4 - 11
M05 Spindle stop 4 - 11
M06 Tool change 4 - 70
M07 Coolant 2 on 4 - 247
M08 Coolant 1 on 4 - 247
M09 Coolant off 4 - 247
M10 Clamp 4 - 246
M11 Unclamp 4 - 246
M12 Programmed feed stop 4 - 240
M19 Spindle index 4 - 21
M40 to M45 Spindle speed ranges 4 - 20
M48 Enable overrides 4 - 255
M49 Disable overrides 4 - 255
M61 Release of current spindle in the axis group 4 - 278
M62 to M65 Control of spindles 1 to 4 4 - 23
M66 to M69 Measurement of spindles 1 to 4 4 - 25
M997 Forced block sequencing 4 - 254
M998 Reactivation of edit (EDIT) and manual data input (MDI)

modes and subroutine calls by the automatic control function 4 - 252
M999 Programmed cancellation of the edit (EDIT) and manual data

input (MDI) modes and subroutine calls by the automatic
control function 4 - 252
22 en-938820/5
Other Functions
$0 Message transmission to the display 4 - 288
$1 to $6 Message transmission to the PLC function or a remote

server or a peripheral 4 - 290
/ Block skip 4 - 256
D.. Call to tool correction 4 - 74
ED.. Programmed angular offset 4 - 215
EG.. Programmed acceleration modulation 4 - 258
T Tool number 4 - 70
M Conversion of the internal unit of rotary axes 6-6 and 6-19

U Conversion of the internal unit of linear axes 6-6 and 6-19
en-938820/5 23
24 en-938820/5
Review
1 Review
1.1 System Overview 1-3

1.1.1 Overview of Modes 1-3 1
1.1.2 Defining a Programme 1-3
1.1.3 Preparating a Programme 1-4
1.2 Machine Overview 1-5
1.2.1 Review of Axis Definition and Direction 1-5
1.2.2 Machine Overview 1-6
1.2.3 Definition of Travels and Origins 1-7
1.2.4 Offset Definitions 1-9
1.2.5 Definition of the Tool Dimensions 1 - 12
1.2.5.1 Definition of the Tool Dimensions 1 - 12
1.2.5.2 Definition of Tool Tip Radius and
Orientation 1 - 13
1.2.6 Definition of Dynamic Tool Corrections 1 - 14
en-938820/5 1-1
1-2 en-938820/5
Review
The aim of this chapter is to introduce concepts that will be detailed in the rest of the
manual, rather than to reflect the way an operator works on the machine.
1
For instance, in Section 1.2.4 (Offset Definition), the aim is to define the offsets and
corresponding origins or zero points rather than give a method for measuring the
offsets.
1.1 System Overview

1.1.1 Overview of Modes
The operator uses the numerical control
(NC) in various operating modes acces-
sible from the operator panel.
Each mode corresponds to a particular
use of the numerical
machining, programme
controlloading,
(continuous-
tool
setting, etc.). MODE
1.1.2 Defining a Programme

A programme is a sequence of instructions written in a programming language
specific to the numerical control (the most widely used is ISO code: International
Standards Organization).
The numerical control interprets the programme to control actions on a machine-tool.
The most widespread storage media for programmes are punched tape and
diskettes.
en-938820/5 1-3
1.1.3 Preparating a Programme
A part programme can be created by traditional programming or using a CAD/CAM
system.
CAD/CA
M
Part Machining
Programme instructions
%1
N10
N20
N30
1-4 en-938820/5
Review
1.2 Machine Overview

1.2.1 Review of Axis Definition and Direction
1
A coordinate system is used to identify
the positions and movements of an object Z
with respect to an origin or zero point. C
A rectangular cartesian coordinate
system is a direct three-axis system of
three linear axes, X, Y and Z, with which Y
are associated three rotary axes, A, B
and C. B
X
0 A
The direction of axes X, Y and Z is easily

Z
remembered by the right-hand rule.
Y
The positive direction of rotation of a

rotary axis corresponds to the direction
of screwing of a right-hand screw on the
associated axis.
en-938820/5 1-5
1.2.2 Machine Overview
The manufacturer defines the coordinate system associated with the machine in
accordance with standard ISO 841 (or NF Z68-020).
The X, Y and Z axes, parallel to the machine slideways, form a right-handed
rectangular cartesian coordinate system.
The coordinate system measures tool movements with respect to the part to be
machined, assumed fixed.
REMARK When it is the part that moves, it may be more convenient to identify its
movements. In this case, axes X’, Y’ and Z’, pointing in opposite
directions from axes X, Y and Z, are used.
The direction of the axis of a machine depends on the type of machine and the layout
of its components.
For a lathe:
- the Z axis is the same as the spindle axis,
- the X axis is perpendicular to the Z axis and corresponds to radial movement of
the tool-holder turret,
- the Y axis (generally a dummy axis) forms a right-handed coordinate system with
the X and Z axes.
Positive movement along the Z or X axis increases the distance between the part and
the tool.
Rotary axes A, B and C define rotations around axes parallel to X, Y and Z.
Secondary linear axes U, V and W may or may not be parallel to primary axes X, Y
and Z.
For more details, refer to the above-mentioned standard.
+ C'
+X
+Z
1-6 en-938820/5
Review
1.2.3 Definition of Travels and Origins

The NC processor computes all movements with respect to the measurement origin 1
or zero point of the machine.
When the system is turned on, it does not know the measurement origin. The
mechanical travel on each machine axis is limited by maximum and minimum limit
switches.
OM : The system establishes the measurement origin (OM) via a homing procedure
(MOS).
The home switch is set in a specific physical location: the machine zero point (Om)
Om : may or may not be the same as the measurement origin (OM).
The homing procedure is completed for each of the axes when:
- the origin limit switch is actuated in the direction of movement specified by the
m/c manufacturer (MOS direction),
- the encoder which measures axis movement outputs its marker pulse.
MOS direction
Om
Min. limite Max limit

switch switch
Contact closed Contact open
One encoder revolution
Encoder marker pulse
en-938820/5 1-7
When homing (MOS) is completed, the system applies the offset defined by the
manufacturer to each of the axes to establish the measurement origin (OM).
Measurement origin offset (OM/Om) = ORPOM
The useful travel on each of the axes is limited by software limits whose values are
defined by the machine parameters.
X
Accessible Mechanical travel on Z (limit switch)

area
Useful travel on Z
Origin switch
encoder zero
Useful travel on X
on X (limit switch)
Mechanical travel
Om
ORPOM X
OM Z
ORPOM Z
1-8 en-938820/5
Review
1.2.4 Offset Definitions

To write a part programme, the programmer chooses a programme origin. 1
The programme origin is generally a starting point for dimensional measurements on
the part drawing.
OP : The operator sets the programme origin (OP) as shown below:
He sets (for each axis) a known, accessible point on the part, called the part origin,
Op : (Op). This may be the same point as the programme origin.
Part origin offset (Op/OM) = DAT1
It is possible to set the DAT1, DAT2 values from the part programme.
Programme origin offset (OP/Op) = DAT2
Offsets on the Z axis
Turret Measurement
origin
Setting block (OM)
OP Op Turret
reference
Z DAT2
Z DAT1
en-938820/5 1-9
Offsets on the X axis (solution with DAT2)
Turret Measurement
origin
Turret (OM)
reference
X DAT1
Setting
block
X
X DAT2
Op
OP
Offsets on the X axis (solution without DAT2)

X DAT1: Fixed value measured between OM and the spindle axis.
X Measurement
Turret origin
(OM)
Turret
reference
X DAT1
X X
OP Op Z
1 - 10 en-938820/5
Review
The coordinates of a point (A) defined with respect to the programme origin (OP) are
converted by the NC to coordinates with respect to the measurement origin (OM):
1
X Z DAT1 X
Z DAT2
ZPA
ZMA
X DAT1
OM
XMA
Op
X DAT2
A
XPA Z
OP
PART
Programme dimensions Measurement dimensions

(with respect to OP) (with respect to OM)
XPA XMA = XPA + X DAT1 + X DAT2
ZPA ZMA = ZPA + Z DAT1 + Z DAT2
Programmed shifts can be added to the programme dimensions.
en-938820/5 1 - 11
1.2.5 Definition of the Tool Dimensions
1.2.5.1 Definition of the Tool Dimensions
Tool dimension = distance from tool cutting edge to turret reference point
Turret reference
point
OP
Z Dimension Z
Part/tool contact
face
Tool axis orientation
Turret reference
Part/tool point
contact
diameter
Dimension X
OP
Z
Tool X dimension = X
Tool Z dimension = Z
1 - 12 en-938820/5
Review
1.2.5.2 Definition of Tool Tip Radius and Orientation

The description of a tool is shown below: 1
Tool tip orientation = codes C0-C8
The tool tip orientation code allows the Example : X

system to locate the centre (C) of the tool C1
tip from the theoretical cutting point (P).
X P
C3 C2 C1 Z
C4 C0 C8
P Z
C5 C6 C7
Tool tip radius = R
The real cutting point of the tool is Turret

X
obtained by applying a vector of length R reference
Z dimension
perpendicular to the direction of
movement from C.
ment
X dimension
Move
R
C
P
Z
en-938820/5 1 - 13
1.2.6 Definition of Dynamic Tool Corrections
At any time (even during machining), the operator can enter dynamic tool corrections
when he observes a difference between the expected and the actual results on a part.
The corrections (positive or negative) compensate for slight dimensional variations
of the tool or part (wear, expansion).
Dynamic tool correction on X = DX (diameter)

Dynamic tool correction on Z = DZ
D
L + ∆L
L
D + ∆D
TOOL
X + DX/2
DX = -∆D
DZ = -∆L
Z + DZ
The system takes into account the corrected tool dimensions:
Corrected length on X = X dimension + DX/2

Corrected length on Z = Z dimension + DZ
1 - 14 en-938820/5
Structure of a Programme
2 Structure of a Programme
2.1 Word Format 2-4

2.1.1 General Word Format 2-4
2.1.2 Special Features of the Dimension Word
Format 2-4
2.1.2.1 Internal System Unit for Linear Axes 2-5
2.1.2.2 Internal System Unit for Rotary Axes 2-5 2
2.2 Block Format 2-7
2.3 General Structure of a Programme 2-9
2.3.1 General 2-9
2.3.2 Branches and Subroutine Calls 2 - 11
2.3.3 Programme Numbering 2 - 12
2.3.4 Characteristics of the ISO and EIA Codes 2 - 13
2.4 Classification of Preparatory G Functions and Miscellaneous M Functions 2 - 18
2.4.1 Classification of Preparatory G Functions 2 - 18
2.4.1.1 Modal G Functions 2 - 18
2.4.1.2 Nonmodal G Functions 2 - 18
2.4.1.3 G Functions Incompatible with the State
of the Programme 2 - 18
2.4.1.4 G Functions Associated with Arguments 2 - 19
2.4.2 Classification of Miscellaneous
M Functions 2 - 21
2.4.2.1 Modal M Functions 2 - 21
2.4.2.2 Nonmodal M Functions 2 - 21
2.4.2.3 «Pre» M Functions 2 - 21
2.4.2.4 «Post» M Functions 2 - 21
2.4.2.5 Encoded M Functions 2 - 22
2.4.2.6 Decoded M Functions 2 - 22
en-938820/5 2-1
2-2 en-938820/5
A CNC part programme is a list of instructions and data to be transmitted to the control
system.
The creation of a programme consisting of blocks and words must obey structure,
syntax and format rules.
The programmes are variable in length with addresses as per the ISO and EIA codes 2
and standards.
Programming is possible in both codes:
- ISO (International Standards Organization) 6983-1 (NF Z 68-035), 6983-2
(NF Z 68 036) and 6983-3 (NF Z 68-037).
- EIA (Electronic Industries Association) Standards RS 244 A and 273 A.
PROGRAMME
%10
N10
N..
N..
N50 G01 X20.45 F0.15 M08

BLOCK
N..
N..
N250 M02
WORD
XOFF
en-938820/5 2-3
2.1 Word Format
A word contains an instruction or data to be transmitted to the control system.
Word types:
- words defining dimensions
- words defining functions.
The word format defines the specific characteristics of each code word used in
programming (see table, Appendix C).
2.1.1 General Word Format
WORD
Address Algebraic sign Numerical data
Digits related to the address
Sign, possibly plus (+) or minus (-)
One or two letters or a digit
REMARK For words defining a dimension, the decimal point is generally explicit.
It separates the digits before and after the decimal point (it does not
appear in the definition of the word format).
The number of characters and spaces in a block must not exceed 118.
2.1.2 Special Features of the Dimension Word Format

The format of dimension words is determined by the choice of the internal system
units specified by the OEM when integrating the CNC.
Internal system units are specified for:
- Linear axes
- Rotary axes.
The internal units directly affect the machine travels and the dimension acquisition
and display formats for linear and rotary axes (modulo or not).
2-4 en-938820/5
2.1.2.1 Internal System Unit for Linear Axes

The number of decimal digits available for programming the linear axes (where the
basic unit is the mm) is declared in machine parameter P4, word N2 (see Parameter
Manual).
Correspondence between the word format and internal unit for linear axes
2
Internal unit Definition Word format
0.1 mm 1 decimal digit Format 071
0.01 mm 2 decimal digits Format 062
µm 3 decimal digits Format 053
0.1 µm 4 decimal digits Format 044
0.01 µm 5 decimal digits Format 035
2.1.2.2 Internal System Unit for Rotary Axes

The number of decimal digits available for programming the rotary axes (for which the
basic unit is the degree) is declared in machine parameter P4, word N4 (see
Parameter Manual).
Correspondence between the word format and the internal system unit for
rotary axes
Internal unit Definition Word format
0.1 degree 1 decimal digit Format 031
0.01 degree 2 decimal digits Format 032
en-938820/5 2-5
Examples of word formats:
Word defining a dimension, address X (internal unit in µm)
X + 0 5 3
Maximum number of digits

after the decimal point

before the decimal point
Leading zeros are optional
The «+» sign is optional
Word address
The dimension 0.450 mm in X+053 format (variable word format), can be written:
X+0.450 or X.45
Word defining a function, address G
G 0 2

with the address
Leading zeros are optional
Word address
G function words in G02 format (variable word format).
Word G01 can be written: G1
Word G04 can be written: G4
2-6 en-938820/5
2.2 Block Format

A block (or sequence) defines an instruction line of code words to be actioned by the
control system.
The block format defines the syntax of the function and dimension words in each
programming block. 2
BLOCK
N.. G.. X.. F.. M..
Miscellaneous function word
Technological function word
Dimension word
Preparatory function word
Block number
Examples of blocks
A block defining a tool change and calling up the tool correction
N20 T01 D01 M06
Tool change
Correction number
Tool number
Block number
en-938820/5 2-7
A block defining spindle rotation
N30 S650 M41 M03
Direction of rotation
Spindle range
Speed of rotation
Block number
A block defining a move
N50 G01 X20.456 F150 M08
Coolant
Feed rate
End point
Linear interpolation
Block number
2-8 en-938820/5
2.3 General Structure of a Programme

2.3.1 General
An NC programme must include start and end characters.
A programme is executed in the order in which the blocks are written between the 2
programme start and end characters.
A programme is executed in the order in which the blocks are written, and not in the
order of the block numbers. However, it is recommended to number the blocks in
ascending order (in increments of ten, for instance).
REMARK A programme can be written in ISO code or EIA code. The ISO or EIA
code is recognised by the system by reading the programme start
character.
Structure of an ISO Programme

Programme start: % character
Programme end: code M02
Programme end of load: XOFF character
en-938820/5 2-9
Programme start character
Programme number
% 1
N10
N20
N30 e
m
N..
m
ra
og
N..
Pr
N..
N..
N250 M02
XOFF
Miscellaneous programme
end function
Programme end character
Structure of an EIA programme

An EIA programme has the same structure as an ISO programme except for the
programme start and end characters, which are different.
Programme start: EOR (End of Record) character
Programme end: BS (Back Space) character
REMARK For an EIA programme, a programme end character other than BS can
be declared by machine parameter P80 (see Parameter Manual).
2 - 10 en-938820/5
2.3.2 Branches and Subroutine Calls

Particular instructions (branches and subroutine calls) can modify the order in which
a programme is executed.
A programme can be structured as follows:
2
Main programme Subroutine
%10 (……) %20

$0… $0…
N10 G .. G.. X.. Z.. N10...
N.. T.. D.. M.. (....) N... ...
N... ... N220...
N50... X OFF
N... ...
N... ...
N100 Call to a sequence of blocks (N50...)
N... ...
N150 Call to a subroutine
N... ...
N200 Jump to a numbered block
N... ...
N250 M02
X OFF
en-938820/5 2 - 11
2.3.3 Programme Numbering
Programme number: The permissible format is %051.
The % character is followed by a programme number and possibly by a comment in
brackets.
Example:
%324 (PART No. 72 - PROG 3)
A programme number can be indexed (indices .1 to .8 with multiple axis group
programming, see Sec. 4.15).
Example:
%425.2 (PROG FOR GROUP 2)
! CAUTION
Programmes with numbers above %9000 are reserved for NUM and the OEM integrating
the NC on the machine (check with NUM or the OEM for possible use of these numbers).
Programme Number and ISO Functions

When ISO functions are programmed after the programme (or subroutine) number
on the same line, they are ignored.
Example:
%99 G1 X80 Movement G1 X80 is ignored
Programme Load from a Peripheral

When loading a programme from a peripheral, if the programme number does not
comply with format %051, the excess digits are ignored.
Example:
%1234567.89 (comment) Programme number received over the line
%12345 .8 (comment) Number actually stored
Inhibiting display of subroutines being executed

Display on the programme page (PROG) of a subroutine and its internal subroutines
during execution can be inhibited.
Placing the character «:» after the subroutine number (e.g. %110:) inhibits display.
Only the subroutine call block is then displayed (for additional information, see Sec.
4.11.1).
2 - 12 en-938820/5
2.3.4 Characteristics of the ISO and EIA Codes
List of characters recognised by the system in ISO and EIA codes:
DESCRIPTION ISO EIA 2

10 digits 0-9 0-9
Letters of the alphabet A-Z A-Z
Programme start % EOR
Start of comment ( ,
End of comment ) %
Plus sign + +
Minus sign - -
Decimal point . .
Greater than >
Less than <
Multiplied by *
Equal to =
Divided by /
At sign @
End of block LF CR
Skip block / /
Programme subdivision : letter O
Programme end X OFF BS
List of characters recognised by the system with no action on the machine:
DESCRIPTION ISO EIA

Tab HT TAB
Carriage return CR
Space SP SP
Error DEL DEL
RUB OUT RUB OUT
en-938820/5 2 - 13
Structure of an ISO programme tape:
87654 321 Channel numbers as per standards

LEADER
Sprocket holes
- Start of
8 6 3 1 %
programme
8 4 3 1 CR
- End of
4 2 LF
rewind
I
I
I
6 4 (
Comments
8 6 4 1 )
8 4 3 1 CR
4 2 LF
7 4 32 N
Part programme
8 65 1 1
65 0
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
7 4 31 M
8 65 2 2 End of programme
8 4 3 1 CR
4 2 LF - End of tape
8 5 21 CTRL-X-OFF - Start of
rewind
TRAILER
2 - 14 en-938820/5
List of characters used in ISO code:
ISO CODE
Channel No. 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Function Charac- Tape punch

2
ter code
Programme start, rewind stop %
Plus sign +
Minus sign -
0
1
2
3
Digits 4
5
6
7
8
9
Angular direction about X axis A
Angular direction about Y axis B
Angular direction about Z axis C
Tool correction D
Peripheral parameter E
Feed rate. Dwell F
Preparatory function G
Subroutine No. H
Interpolation address I
Interpolation address J
Interpolation address K
Programmer parameter No. L
Miscellaneous function M
Sequence number N
O
P
Miscellaneous parameters Q
R
Spindle speed function S
Tool No. T
Secondary dimension parallel to X axis U
Secondary dimension parallel to Y axis V
Secondary dimension parallel to Z axis W
Primary X dimension X
Primary Y dimension Y
Primary Z dimension Z
Programme subdivision :
Optional block skip /
Carriage return CR
End of block/line feed LF
Start of comment (
End of comment )
Space SP
End of tape X OFF
Horizontal tab HT
Delete DEL
No punch NUL
en-938820/5 2 - 15
List of characters used in EIA code (RS.244.B):
EIA CODE
Channel No. 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Function Charac- Tape punch

ter code
Programme start, rewind stop EOR
Plus sign +
Minus sign -
0
1
2
3
Digits 4
5
6
7
8
9
Angular direction about X axis a
Angular direction about Y axis b
Angular direction about Z axis c
Tool correction d
Peripheral parameter e
Feed rate. Dwell f
Preparatory function g
Subroutine No. h
Interpolation address i
Interpolation address j
Interpolation address k
Programmer parameter No. l
Miscellaneous function m
Sequence number n
o
p
Miscellaneous parameters q
r
Spindle speed function s
Tool No. t
Secondary dimension parallel to X axis u
Secondary dimension parallel to Y axis v
Secondary dimension parallel to Z axis w
Primary X dimension x
Primary Y dimension y
Primary Z dimension z
Programme subdivision o
Optional block skip /
Carriage return
End of block/line feed EOB
Start of comment ?
End of comment %
Space SP
End of tape BS
Horizontal tab TAB
Delete DEL
No punch NUL
2 - 16 en-938820/5
Special ISO code characters:

Special characters
Channel numbers 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Description Charac- Holes

2
ter punched
Less than <
Greater than >
Multiplied by *
Equal to =
Divided by or block skip /
At sign @
AND &
OR !
Dollar sign $
Comma ,
Period .
Single quote '
Semicolon ;
Pound sign #
Question mark ?
Double quote "
The «$» character is used in a programme to send messages (see Sec. 4.19).
Most of the other characters are mainly used for parametric programming (see
Chapter 6).
Special characters of the EIA code:

As comments were not provided for by the EIA code, the characters «,» et «%» are
used and have the same meaning as round brackets «( )» in ISO code.
As there is no equivalence in EIA code for ISO characters «>», «<«, «*», «=» and
«@», parametric programming, tool data entry and tape punching are prohibited in
this code.
The absence of a character on an EIA tape is reported as a parity error.
en-938820/5 2 - 17
2.4 Classification of Preparatory G Functions and Miscellaneous M Functions
2.4.1 Classification of Preparatory G Functions
Types of G functions:
- Modal G functions,
- Nonmodal G functions.
Certain G functions must be programmed with the associated arguments.
Programming of certain G functions may be incompatible with the state of the current
programme.
2.4.1.1 Modal G Functions

Functions belonging to a family of G functions that cancel one another.
Certain families of G functions include a default function that is initialised when power
is applied (see A.1).
These functions remain enabled until cancelled by another function of the same
family.
Example:
N.. G00 X.. Z.. High-speed linear interpolation
N.. G01 Z.. G00 cancelled by linear interpolation at
machining feed rate
2.4.1.2 Nonmodal G Functions

Functions enabled only in the block where they are programmed (cancelled at the end
of the block).
Example:
N.. G09 X.. Accurate stop at end of block cancelled
at end of block.
2.4.1.3 G Functions Incompatible with the State of the Programme

Functions whose programming is enabled or not according to the state of the current
programme.
Example:
N.. G21 G42 X.. Y.. Z.. Syntax correct, change of X Y Z
coordinate system (G21), followed by
radius offset (G42)
N..
N.. G42 G21 X.. Y.. Z.. Syntax incorrect, change of coordinate
system prohibited with radius offset
2 - 18 en-938820/5
2.4.1.4 G Functions Associated with Arguments

Functions followed by one or more arguments that are specific to the G function
announcing them.
The argument(s) must immediately follow the function.
The analysis of the arguments of a G function is ended by reading a word that does
2
not belong to the list of arguments of this function.
Example:
N.. G04 F2 T03 F0.2 Syntax correct
N.. G04 T03 F2 F0.2 Syntax incorrect, argument F2 does not
immediately follow G04
When a G functions has several arguments, they can be programmed in any order
except for G functions that introduce breaks in the sequencing (G10, G76, G77 and
G79, see Sec. 4.11).
The arguments associated with a function can be:
- compulsory,
- optional.
The argument of certain G functions can be programmed alone in a block.
Compulsory Arguments
The arguments are compulsory if:
- the G function serves only to announce arguments.
Example:
N.. G16 P+ G function and its argument P+
- the G function cancels a former modal state and characterises its argument
differently.
Example:
N.. G94 F100 Feed in mm/min
N..
N.. G95 F0.5 The change from feed in mm/min to
mm/revolution requires redefining
argument F
Optional Arguments
The arguments are optional if the G function allows them to be defined by default.
Example:
N.. G96 [X..] S150 Case where the X position (with respect
to OP) was specified by an earlier block
en-938820/5 2 - 19
Arguments Programmed Alone
The argument can be programmed alone in a block when the associated G function
is still active.
Example:
N.. G94 F150 X.. Z.. Feed in mm/min
N..
N.. X.. Z.. F100 Function G94 is not compulsory with its
argument because the system is still in
state G94.
2 - 20 en-938820/5
2.4.2 Classification of Miscellaneous M Functions

Type of M functions:
- Modal M functions,
- Nonmodal M functions.
M functions can be: 2
- «pre» or «post» functions,
- encoded or decoded functions.
2.4.2.1 Modal M Functions

Functions belonging to a family of M functions that cancel one another.
Certain families of M functions include a default function that is initialised when power
is applied (see A.2).
These functions remain enabled until they are cancelled by another function of the
same family.
Example:
N.. S500 M03 Start of spindle rotation
N.. M05 Spindle stop, cancels M03
2.4.2.2 Nonmodal M Functions

Enabled only in the block where they are programmed.
Example:
N.. M00 Programme stop
2.4.2.3 «Pre» M Functions

Functions executed before axis movements programmed in the block.
Example:
N.. X100 Z50 M08 Coolant function M08 is executed before
the movements on X and Z
2.4.2.4 «Post» M Functions

Functions executed after the axis movements programmed in the block.
Example:
N.. X50 Z100 M09 The coolant off function (M09) is
executed after movements on X and Z
en-938820/5 2 - 21
2.4.2.5 Encoded M Functions
The encoded functions are defined by the machine manufacturer and are specific to
the machine (see manufacturer’s technical data).
Encoded Functions M100 to M199

These functions with PLC handshake are generally nonmodal «post» functions, but
these features can be redefined by the machine manufacturer.
Only one of these functions is allowed in a part programme block.
Encoded Functions M200 to M899

These so-called on-the-fly functions are modal «pre» functions. The programme
continues without waiting for the execution report.
Only one of these functions is allowed in a part programme block.
REMARK An encoded nonmodal function (M100 to M199) can be programmed

in the same block with an encoded modal function (M200 to M899).
2.4.2.6 Decoded M Functions

The decoded M functions are the basic system functions whose meaning is known.
REMARK All these functions are acknowledged by a PLC handshake (CRM). The
acknowledgement enables continuation of the part programme.
Example:
N.. T01 M06 Tool change function M06
Several decoded M functions can be programmed in the same block.
Example:
N.. G97 S500 M03 M40 M08
2 - 22 en-938820/5
Axis Programming
3 Axis Programming
3.1 General 3-3

3.2 Programming the Independent Secondary Axes 3-4
3.3 Programming Carrier/Carried Parallel Axis Pairs 3-5
3.4 Programming of Rotary Axes Modulo 360 Degrees 3-6
3.5 Programming of Slaved Rotary Axes with Limited Travel 3-7
3.6 Programming of Axes A, B or C Declared as Nonrotary 3-7
3.7 Features of Front Turret, Rear Turret 3-8 3
en-938820/5 3-1
3-2 en-938820/5
Axis Programming
3.1 General
Programmable axes:
- Primary axes X, (Y), Z,
- Secondary axes U, (V), W,
- Rotary axes (A), (B), C.
Primary and secondary axes:
- they can be independent or form carrier/carried axis pairs (see machine parameter
P64),
- they can be programmed in millimetres (basic unit) or inches.
3
Rotary axes:
- They can be modulo 360 degrees or have limited travel or be declared as non-
rotary (see machine parameter P1),
- They are programmed in degrees (basic unit).
Reminder
Definition of the Internal System Measurement Units

The internal measurement unit is defined by the OEM when integrating the CNC. It
directly affects the machine travels on the linear axes and rotary axes (modulo or not).
The number of decimal digits is declared in machine parameter P4 and determines
the word formats (see Sec. 2.1 and Appendix C).
For linear axes, the internal unit can be 0.1 mm, 0.01 mm, µm, 0.1 µm or 0.01 µm.
For rotary axes, the internal unit can be 0.1 degree, 0.01 degree, 0.001 degree or
0.0001 degree.
REMARK For ISO functions and programming arguments defining angular va-
lues (EA.., EC.., ED.., etc.), the unit is always 0.0001 degree.
For additional information, refer to:
- The machine manufacturer’s manual
- The Parameter Manual.
en-938820/5 3-3
3.2 Programming the Independent Secondary Axes
Programming the independent secondary axes U, (V), W is unrelated to the
programming of the primary axes X, (Y), Z.
For a primary axis, the machine dimension is expressed:

Mx (machine dimension) = Px (programmed dimension) + xDAT1 + xDAT2 + tool
offset x
In the above example, x is the primary axis X (the equation is the same for the Y and
Z axes).
For an independent secondary axis, the same machine dimension is expressed:

Mu (machine dimension) = Pu (programmed dimension) + uDAT1 + uDAT2
In the above example, u is the independent secondary axis U (the equation is the
same for the (V) and W axes).
It should be noted that the tool length correction is not applied to the independent
secondary axes.
3-4 en-938820/5
Axis Programming
3.3 Programming Carrier/Carried Parallel Axis Pairs

Movement of the axis pair with respect to the part.
The U axis is a large slide and the X axis is a small slide.
Representation of large slide approach programmed by UP2

Calculation of UM2, knowing that XP2 = UP2.
UM2 = UP2 = (DAT1 + DAT2 + X dimension) - XM1
3
X DAT1 + U DAT1 + DAT2
UM2
OM U OM X
UP2
Part origin
(Op)
XM1 X
Part
Programme
origin (OP)
Representation of the small slide approach programmed by XP3

Calculation of XM3, knowing that XP3 = UP3.
XM3 = XP3 = (DAT1 + DAT2 + X dimension) - UM2
X DAT1 + U DAT1 + DAT2

UM2
OM U OM X
XP3
Part origin
(Op)
XM3 X
Part
Programme
origin (OP)
en-938820/5 3-5
3.4 Programming of Rotary Axes Modulo 360 Degrees
Rotary axis C programmed in absolute dimensions (G90)
The angular value assigned to the axis is the position of the end point with reference
to the programme origin, value between 0 and 360 degrees, maximum one revolution
(see Sec. 4.1 for function G90).
The sign (+ or -) determines the direction of rotation to reach this point.
Example:
a: Start point
+ (Positive)
b: End point
(30°)
a
Positive rotation
N.. ... C0 X
N.. G90 C+270
N..
b – (Negative)
Negative rotation + 270°
– 270°
N..
N.. G90 C-270
N..
Rotary axis C programmed in incremental dimensions (G91)

The value assigned to the axis indicates the amplitude of rotation of the axis with
reference to the previous position (see Sec. 4.1 for function G91).
Example:
a: Start point
+ (Positive)
b: End point
(30°)
a
Positive rotation
N.. ... C0 X
N.. G91 C+240
N..
b – (Negative)
Negative rotation + 240°
– 120°
N..
N.. G91 C-120
N..
3-6 en-938820/5
Axis Programming
REMARK With incremental programming G91 (see Sec. 4.1 for function G91), a
movement of more than one revolution is allowed on modulo rotary
axes A, B or C. It should be noted that a maximum of 15 revolutions
are allowed. If this value is exceeded, the system returns error
message 1.
3.5 Programming of Slaved Rotary Axes with Limited Travel

Servoed rotary axes A, B or C with limited travel are defined by machine parameters 3
like linear axes and therefore follow the same programming rules.
This definition of a rotary axis can be used for axes with more than 360 degrees of
travel to be rotated by more than one revolution with respect to a preferential position.
Example:
Rotation greater than one revolution Rotation greater than one revolution
in absolute dimensions (G90). in incremental dimensions (G91).
+ 0 – + –
0
+ 405 - 405 + 45
- 495
3.6 Programming of Axes A, B or C Declared as Nonrotary

When axes A, (B) or C are declared as nonrotary (see machine parameter P1), they
are considered as linear axes (in particular in keyboard Homing mode and Shift
mode).
The speed of movement on axes A, B or C declared as nonrotary is expressed in
mm/min. However, if they are programmed in a block together with primary and
secondary axes X, (Y), Z, U, (V) or W, the programmed speed is assigned to the latter.
en-938820/5 3-7
3.7 Features of Front Turret, Rear Turret
The front or rear position of the main turret defines the positive orientation of the X
axis.
Lathe with rear turret
Turret
OM
Measurement
origin
Spindle
axis OP Z
Lathe with front turret
Spindle OP
axis Z
X
Measurement
origin
OM
Turret
3-8 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4 ISO Programming
4.1 Choice of the Programming System 4-5

4.1.1 Programming by Absolute or Incremental
Dimensions 4-5
4.2 Programming with Reference to Diameter or Radius 4-9
4.3 Spindle Commands 4 - 11
4.3.1 Notes on Axis Programming 4 - 11
4.3.2 Spindle Speed Control 4 - 13
4.3.2.1 Constant Surface Speed 4 - 15
4.3.3 Spindle Range 4 - 20
4.3.4 Indexed Spindle Stop 4 - 21
4.3.5 Spindle Control Selection 4 - 23
4.3.6 Spindle Measurement Selection 4 - 25 4
4.3.7 Spindle Speed Limiting 4 - 27
4.4 Rapid Positioning 4 - 29
4.5 Programming of Movements 4 - 32
4.5.1 Linear Interpolation 4 - 32
4.5.2 Circular Interpolation 4 - 36
4.5.3 Circular Interpolation Defined by Three
Points 4 - 44
4.5.4 Polar Programming 4 - 46
4.5.4.1 Polar Programming of a Line 4 - 47
4.5.4.2 Polar Programming of a Circle 4 - 49
4.5.4.3 Defining a Circle by the Arc Angle 4 - 53
4.5.5 Programming Fillets and Chamfers 4 - 57
4.5.5.1 Fillet Between Two Interpolations 4 - 57
4.5.5.2 Chamfer Between Two Linear I
nterpolations 4 - 58
4.6 Path Sequencing Conditions 4 - 59
4.7 Feed Rate 4 - 61
4.7.1 Feed Rate Expressed in Millimetres,
Inches or Degrees per Minute 4 - 61
4.7.2 Feed Rate Expressed in Millimetres or
Inches per Revolution 4 - 64
4.7.3 Tangential Feed Rate 4 - 66
4.7.4 Feed Rate Specific to Fillets EB+ and
Chamfers EB- 4 - 68
4.8 Programming of Tools 4 - 70
4.8.1 Tool Change 4 - 70
4.8.2 Tool Axis Orientation 4 - 72
4.8.3 Tool Correction Call 4 - 74
4.8.4 Positioning the Tool with Respect to the
Part 4 - 79
en-938820/5 4-1
4.9 Basic Cycles 4 - 91
4.9.1 Cancellation of a Canned Cycle 4 - 91
4.9.2 Constant Pitch Thread Chasing Cycle 4 - 92
4.9.3 Sequenced Thread Cutting 4 - 99
4.9.4 Drilling, Boring and Tapping Cycles 4 - 101
4.9.4.1 General 4 - 101
4.9.4.2 Centre Drilling Cycle 4 - 104
4.9.4.3 Counterboring Cycle 4 - 106
4.9.4.4 Peck Drilling Cycle 4 - 108
4.9.4.5 Tapping Cycle 4 - 111
4.9.4.6 Rigid Tapping Cycle 4 - 113
4.9.4.7 Boring Cycle 4 - 117
4.9.4.8 Drilling Cycle with Chip Breaking 4 - 119
4.9.4.9 Boring Cycle with Dwell at the Bottom of
the Hole 4 - 122
4.9.4.10 Examples of Programming Cycles 4 - 124
4.9.4.11 Table Summarising Cycles G81 to G89 4 - 127
4.10 Other Machining Cycles 4 - 128
4.10.1 Rough Turning/Facing Cycle 4 - 128
4.10.2 Groove Roughing Cycle 4 - 140
4.10.3 Plunging Cycle 4 - 146
4.10.4 Roughing Cycle with Groove 4 - 151
4.11 Breaks in Sequence 4 - 165
4.11.1 Unconditional Branch to a Subroutine or
Sequence of Blocks with Return 4 - 165
4.11.2 Subroutine Branch by M Function 4 - 172
4.11.3 Branch to a Sequence without Return 4 - 175
4.11.4 Subroutine Call by Automatic Control
Function 4 - 178
4.11.5 Block Interrupt 4 - 181
4.11.5.1 Special Use of Sequence Interrupt 4 - 185
4.11.6 Temporary Suspension of Next Block
Preparation 4 - 187
4.11.7 Emergency Retract 4 - 189
4.11.8 Branch to Automatic Homing Subroutine 4 - 193
4.11.9 Subroutine Branch on a Reset 4 - 194
4.11.10 Restrictions Related to Drip Feed Mode 4 - 195
4.11.11 Call to Subroutine Return Block 4 - 196
4.11.12 ISO Programme or Block Creation/
Deletion 4 - 198
4-2 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.11.12.1General 4 - 198
4.11.12.2Creating a Programme 4 - 198
4.11.12.3Deleting a Programme 4 - 199
4.11.12.4Inserting a Block 4 - 200
4.11.12.5Deleting a Block 4 - 202
4.12 Movement Origin Selection 4 - 203
4.12.1 Programming of Movements in Absolute
Coordinates Referenced to the
Measurement Origin 4 - 203
4.12.2 Datum Shift DAT1 and DAT2 Cancel/
Enable 4 - 206
4.12.3 Programme Origin Preset 4 - 207
4.12.4 Programme Origin Offset 4 - 209 4
4.12.5 Angular Offset 4 - 215
4.13 Spline Curve Interpolation 4 - 216
4.13.1 General 4 - 216
4.13.2 Programming 4 - 216
4.13.2.1 Spline Curve Interpolation 4 - 217
4.13.2.2 Spline Curve Execution Command 4 - 220
4.13.2.3 Programming Examples 4 - 221
4.13.2.4 Freeing Memory by Deleting a Spline
Curve 4 - 225
4.14 Coordinates Systems with C Axis 4 - 226
4.14.1 Programming in Polar Coordinates 4 - 226
4.14.2 Definition of the Start X for Interpolation
on the C Axis 4 - 228
4.14.3 Programming in Cartesian Coordinates 4 - 229
4.14.4 Programming in Cylindrical Coordinates 4 - 234
4.15 Other Functions 4 - 238
4.15.1 Dwell 4 - 238
4.15.2 Programmed Feed Stop 4 - 240
4.15.3 Feed Enhancement 4 - 242
4.15.4 Programming in Inches or Metric Data 4 - 244
4.15.5 Axis Clamping and Unclamping 4 - 246
4.15.6 Coolant 4 - 247
4.15.7 Programme Stop 4 - 248
4.15.8 Optional Stop 4 - 250
4.15.9 Cancellation of MDI and EDIT modes 4 - 252
4.15.10 Forced Block Continuation 4 - 254
4.15.11 Potentiometer Inhibit 4 - 255
4.15.12 Block Skip 4 - 256
en-938820/5 4-3
4.15.13 Programmed Acceleration Reduction 4 - 258
4.15.14 Scaling Factor 4 - 259
4.15.15 Mirror Function 4 - 261
4.15.16 Processing of Blocks and Programmed G
and M Functions 4 - 264
4.16 «Inclined Axis» or «Inclined Wheel» State on a Grinder 4 - 267
4.16.1 «Inclined Axis» State 4 - 267
4.16.1.1 Initial Tool Positioning Before Machining
on an Inclined Axis 4 - 268
4.16.1.2 Movement Along the Inclined Axis 4 - 269
4.16.2 «Inclined Wheel» State 4 - 271
4.17 Special Programming for Multiple Axis Groups 4 - 273
4.17.1 Programme Declaration 4 - 273
4.17.2 Programming Notes 4 - 273
4.17.3 Subroutine branches for Multi-Axis
Groups 4 - 275
4.17.3.1 Branch to Automatic Homing Subroutine 4 - 275
4.17.3.2 Subroutine Call by a Reset 4 - 275
4.17.3.3 Subroutine Call by the Automatic Control
Function 4 - 276
4.17.3.4 Subroutine Call by M Function 4 - 276
4.17.4 Spindle Programming 4 - 277
4.17.5 Current Spindle Release by an Axis
Group 4 - 278
4.17.6 Axis Group Synchronisation 4 - 279
4.18 Special Programming of PLC Axes 4 - 283
4.18.1 Programme Declaration and Storage 4 - 283
4.18.2 Programming of the PLC Axes 4 - 285
4.18.2.1 Emergency Retraction on a PLC Axis
Group 4 - 285
4.18.3 Editing the Programmes 4 - 286
4.18.4 Exchanging Axes between Groups 4 - 286
4.18.5 Exchanging Spindles Between Groups 4 - 287
4.19 Message Transmission 4 - 288
4.19.1 Message Transmission to the Display 4 - 288
4.19.2 Transmission to Automatic Control
Function or Remote Server or Peripheral
or PC 4 - 290
4.20 Spindle Synchronisation 4 - 293
4.20.1 Spindle Acceleration Control 4 - 293
4.20.2 Servo-Controlled Spindles and
Synchronised Spindles 4 - 294
4.20.2.1 Servo-Controlled Spindles 4 - 294
4.20.2.2 Synchronised Spindles 4 - 295
4-4 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.1 Choice of the Programming System

4.1.1 Programming by Absolute or Incremental Dimensions
G90 Absolute dimensions with

respect to the programme
origin. X
Z
The value programmed on an axis is with X

reference to the programme origin (OP). Z
4
OP
G91 Incremental dimensions.
The value programmed on an axis is with X

Z
reference to the last programmed posi- X
tion. Z
The value is equal to the movement to be

performed.
OP
Syntax
N.. G90/G91 X.. Z.. C..
G90 Absolute dimensions.

G91 Incremental dimensions.
X.. Z.. C.. End point.
en-938820/5 4-5
Properties of the Functions
Functions G90 and G91 are modal.
G90 is the default function.
Cancellation
Functions G90 and G91 cancel one another.
Notes
The first movement must be programmed:
- in absolute dimensions (G90),
- by manual data entry (MDI) or in a programme with respect to the programme
origin (OP) instead of with respect to the current position.
Incremental programming (G91) is prohibited for PGP (Profile Geometry Programming,
see Chapter 5).
Combined programming
Both types of programming (G90/G91) can be included in a programme and even in
a block. For instance:
N..
N.. G91 X.. Z..
N.. G90 X.. G91 Z.. X absolute, Z incremental
N.. G90 X.. Z..
N..
4-6 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Examples
Absolute programming (G90), (System programmed on radius)

Tool located at point a (starting point)
Z
Absolute programming of point b
(coordinates of the end point).
b
N.. (G90)... a
N.. Xa Ya X
N.. Xb Yb
Xb
N.. Z
OP 4
Incremental programming (G91), (System programmed on radius)

Tool located at point a (starting point)
Z
Incremental programming of point b
(amount of movement to reach end point
b
b).
X a
N.. (G90) ... X
N.. Xa Za
N.. G91 Xb Zb Z
N.. OP
en-938820/5 4-7
Absolute programming (G90), (System programmed on diameter)
Coordinates of points a, b, c, d, with d
respect to the programme origin (OP).
c 5
N.. (G90) ... b a
ø 50
N.. X20 Z5
N.. Z-10 X
ø 20
ø 30
N.. X30 Z-30 Z
N.. X50 OP
N..
10
30
Incremental programming (G91), (System programmed on diameter)

Absolute programming of point a, 20
incremental movement to points b, c, d.
d
N.. (G90) ...
c 15
N.. X20 Z5
N.. G91 Z-15 b a
ø 50
ø 30
N.. X5 Z-20 X
N.. X10
ø 20
Z
N.. G90 OP
N..
4-8 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.2 Programming with Reference to Diameter or Radius

The part programme and certain data
related to machining along the X (or U)
axis are directly affected by whether X
programming is with reference to
Point a
diameter or radius.
Xa
Programming of the system with
reference to the diameter or radius is
Xa
selected by machine parameter P4 (see
OP
parameter manual).
In both cases, certain functions are
always expressed with respect to the
4
diameter and others with respect to the
radius.
System Programmed with Reference to Diameter

Programmed values expressed with reference to diameter:
- values programmed in absolute dimensions (G90): coordinates of a movement
along X.. and position I.. of the centre of a circle,
- value of the starting diameter with constant surface speed (G96),
- value programmed with function G98.
Programmed values expressed with reference to radius:
- values programmed in incremental dimensions (G91): value of a movement along
X.. and position I.. of the centre of a circle,
- circle radius with circular interpolation (R),
- fillet or chamfer (EB+, EB-),
- pass depth for roughing cycle (P or R),
- machining allowance for roughing cycles (I or K), (ER),
- positioning clearance for roughing cycle (Q),
- minimum depth of cut for roughing cycle (EQ),
- thread depth (P) and last pass for thread cutting (Q),
- pass depth for drilling cycle (P and Q),
- offsets programmed with functions G59 and G52.
Tool dimensions:
- Entry of values with respect to radius.
Dynamic tool corrections:
- Entry of values with respect to diameter, but display of the radius changes on the
«DYNAMIC TOOL CORRECTIONS» page.
en-938820/5 4-9
Value of offset DAT2:
- Entry of the value with reference to radius.
Movements related to the manual controls:
- Movements on the X axis with reference to radius, but display with reference to
diameter on the «AXES» page.
System Programmed with Reference to Radius

Values expressed with reference to radius:
- All the programmed movements applied to the X axis and all the values entered
related to machining along X.
Values expressed with reference to diameter:
- Only the dynamic tool corrections on X are entered with reference to diameter.
4 - 10 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.3 Spindle Commands

4.3.1 Notes on Axis Programming
M03 Spindle clockwise rotation.
This command starts spindle rotation at

the speed programmed.
M03 4
M04 Spindle counterclockwise

rotation.
M04
This command starts spindle rotation at
the speed programmed.
M05 Spindle off.
This command stops spindle rotation.
en-938820/5 4 - 11
Syntax
N.. M03/M04/M05
M03 Spindle clockwise rotation.

M04 Spindle counterclockwise rotation.
M05 Spindle off.

Functions M03 and M04 are decoded modal «pre» functions.
Function M05 is a decoded modal «post» function. It is the default function.
Cancellation
Functions M03, M04 and M05 cancel one another.
Functions M00, M19 and M01 (enabled) cancel functions M03 or M04.
Example
N.. ...
N120 ... Tool call
N130 M03 ... Spindle clockwise rotation
N..
N..
N220 M05 ... Spindle off
N..
4 - 12 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.3.2 Spindle Speed Control
G97 RPM spindle speed.

S
This function defines a fixed spindle
speed programmed with the S word.
Syntax
N.. G97 S.. [M03/M04]
G97 Function setting the spindle speed in rpm.

S.. Mandatory argument associated with the function to
define the speed.
M03/M04 Spindle direction of rotation.

Function G97 is modal. It is the default function.
Cancellation
Function G97 is cancelled by function G96 S.. (constant surface speed).
The spindle speed programmed by G97 is cancelled by S0 or modified by programming
a new value of S..
Notes
Spindle speed format

The format of rpm rotation may differ according to the type of machine:
- Format S05 (1 to 65000 rpm).
- Format S032 (0.01 to 650 rpm).
en-938820/5 4 - 13
Example
N.. ...
N130 G97 S636 M04 Spindle rotation
N..
Reminder
The spindle rotation speed N is determined from the required cutting speed (V).
The cutting speed V in meters per minute is mainly related to:
- the tool material,
- the part material.
Cutting speed V = 100 m/min.
Tool diameter D = 50 mm.
1000 x V
N (rpm) =
3.14 x D
1000 X 100
N=
3.14 X 50
N= 636.9 rpm, i.e. S636
4 - 14 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.3.2.1 Constant Surface Speed
G96 Constant surface speed is

expressed in meters per
minute.
N eases
decr
This function varies the spindle rotation X
speed (N). The rotation speed varies N s
ase
according to the position of the tool cen- incre
tre with reference to the part diameter.
4
Syntax
N.. G96 [X..] S..
G96 Function forcing a constant surface speed in m/min.

X.. Argument defining the current diameter.
S.. Mandatory argument associated with the function to
define the programmed speed.
Property of the Function

Function G96 is modal.
Cancellation
Function G96 is cancelled by function G97 S..
Notes
This function can only be programmed when the machine is equipped with a variable
speed spindle.
The machine spindle must be rotating when the function is called.
After a retraction with reference to the measurement origin (G52 X..), a new constant
surface speed initialisation position in X (or U) must be reprogrammed.
en-938820/5 4 - 15
When a constant surface speed is programmed:
- the X (or U) axis defining computation of the constant surface speed can be
programmed in the same block or one of the previous blocks (between G52 and
G96). If X is missing, the system returns error message 28.
- the X (or U) axis must be programmed with reference to the programme origin,
- the speed applies to the centre of the tool insert radius,
- it can be modified during the programme by redefining a new speed by G96 S..,
- enabling of offsets DAT1 and DAT2 does not affect the surface speed.
During machining with constant surface speed, it is recommended to:
- programme the feed rate in mm/revolution in order to perform machining with a
constant chip thickness (see Sec. 4.7),
- cancel the constant surface speed by programming a rotation speed in rpm (G97
S..) before each tool change, then initialise the constant surface speed on the X
position of the new tool (and D correction).
Review of surface speed

General equation for surface speed V:
V = 3.14 x D x N
Spindle rotation speed in rpm
Part diameter at the tool contact point
Surface speed in meters per minute
Using a fixed spindle rotation speed (N)

The fixed spindle speed (N) is expressed
N constant
in revolutions per minute.
The surface speed V decreases as the
tool moves toward the centre of the part,
(the surface speed is zero at the centre).
Vc
Vcst variable
4 - 16 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Using a constant surface speed (V)

The constant surface speed (Vcst) is N variable
expressed in meters per minute.
The surface speed is kept constant as
the tool moves toward the centre of the
part.
When the tool tip is at the centre, diameter
D is equal to zero and speed N should be
infinite (physically impossible because
Vc
of the maximum physical rotation speed
of the spindle).
4
Vcst constant
Spindle speed limit (see Sec. 4.3.7)

A safety limit can be defined by
programming a maximum speed in D N
revolutions per minute.
The limit defines a diameter D beyond
which a constant surface speed no lon-
ger applies. The system returns to the
case of a constant rotation speed and a
variable surface speed.
Vc
N constant
Vcst Vc variable
en-938820/5 4 - 17
Examples
Programming a surface speed of 200 m/min for finishing a profile
ø 50
OP Z
N.. ... (CARBIDE TOOL R=0.8) Tool change and correction

N130 G97 S900 M40 M04 Spindle rotation at 900 rpm
N140 ... X50 Z70 Tool tip positioned on dia. 50
N150 G96 S200 Constant surface speed initialised on X50
N..
N.. G97 S900 Function G96 cancelled
N..
4 - 18 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Programming a surface speed of 30 m/min for drilling a hole with a diameter of

20 mm
ø 20
OP Z
4
N.. ... (HSS DRILL DIAMETER=20) Tool change and correction
N180 ... X0 Z60 Drill axis positioned in the spindle axis
N190 G96 X20 S30 Constant surface speed initialised on the
drill diameter (X20)
N..
N.. G97 S500 Function G96 cancelled
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 19
4.3.3 Spindle Range
M40/M41/M42/M43/M44/M45 Spindle ranges.
The system allows the definition of six spindle ranges associated with address S.
Syntax
N.. [G97 S..] [M03/M04] M40-M45
G97 S.. RPM spindle speed.

M40 to M45 Spindle range selection.

Functions M40 to M45 are decoded modal «pre» functions.
Cancellation
Functions M40 to M45 cancel one another.
Notes
The minimum and maximum speeds are defined for each range by the machine
manufacturer. Example:
M40 = 50-500 rpm
M41 = 400-900 rpm
M42 = 800-4200 rpm
In a system with automatic range selection, the spindle range is determined simply
by programming the S address and the rpm.
Example
N.. ...
N30 G97 S650 M41 M03 Range M41
N..
4 - 20 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.3.4 Indexed Spindle Stop
M19 Indexed spindle stop.

Fixed indexing
point
This function stops the spindle at a posi-
tion defined with reference to a fixed
point.
dle
Spin
a is
x
Syntax
N.. [G97 S..] [M40-M45] [M03/M04] C±.. M19
G97 S.. RPM spindle speed (with G97).

M40-M45 Spindle speed range
C±.. Optional argument defining the indexing angle in
degrees from the fixed point.
M19 Indexed spindle stop.
Properties of the Function

Function M19 is a decoded modal «pre» function.
Cancellation
Function M19 is cancelled by one of functions M03, M04 or M05.
Notes
The spindle may or may not be rotating when indexing is enabled. If the spindle is not
rotating, indexing is carried out by positioning along the shortest path.
en-938820/5 4 - 21
When the system includes a spindle probe, M19 can be programmed to index the
spindle to any position with reference to the fixed position defined by the machine
manufacturer (see manufacturer’s manual).
When the system includes bidirectional orientation capabilities, the stopped position
is reached by the shortest path.
Example
Indexed spindle stop at + 90 degrees with reference to the origin.
N.. ... Tool call

N120 G97 S500 M42 Spindle rotating
N130 C90 M19 Indexed spindle stop
N..
4 - 22 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.3.5 Spindle Control Selection
M62/M63/M64/M65
Control of spindles 1-4.
When the machine is equipped with

several spindles, these functions are
used to direct control to the different
spindle servo-drives.
The spindle characteristics are defined
in machine parameter P6 (see parameter
manual).
4
Syntax
N.. [G97 S..][M03/M04][M40-M45]M62-M65
G97 S.. RPM spindle speed.

M40-M45 Spindle ranges.
M62 Spindle 3 control.

Functions M62, M63, M64 and M65 are decoded modal «pre» functions.
Cancellation
Functions M62, M63, M64 and M65 cancel one another.
At power on, after a reset or at the end of the programme (M02), each spindle is
assigned to the axis group with the same number (e.g. M64 is initialised for axis group
one).
en-938820/5 4 - 23
Notes
A spindle receives these functions for the axis group to which it is assigned:
- speed G96 S.. or G97 S..,
- spindle direction of rotation or stop (M03, M04, M05),
- spindle speed ranges (M40-M45),
- speed limitation (G92 S..),
- spindle indexing (M19 C..),
- speed override or override cancel (M48 or M49).
The spindle of one group is released by:
- selection of a new spindle (M62-M65),
- release function M61 (see Sec. 4.17.5).
After being released from a group, the spindle preserves all the characteristics it had
at the time of release (see above) but any new functions in the group are not
addressed to it but to the new spindle assigned to the group.
For notes on programming the spindles with multiple axis groups (see Sec. 4.17).
Example
N.. ...
N130 M65 Assignment of spindle 2 to the group
N140 G97 S500 M03 M40 Control of spindle 2
N..
4 - 24 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.3.6 Spindle Measurement Selection
M66/M67/M68/M69
Measurement of spindles 1
to 4.

several spindles, these functions are
used to select the spindle measurement
feedback.
The spindle characteristics are defined
in machine parameter P6 (see parameter
4
manual).
Syntax
N.. M66/M67/M68/M69
M66 Spindle 1 measurement


Functions M66, M67, M68 and M69 are decoded modal «pre» functions.
Cancellation
Functions M66, M67, M68 and M69 cancel one another.
At power on, at the end of a programme M02 or after a reset, the spindle measurement
is assigned to the axis group with the same number (e.g. M66 is assigned to axis
group 1). If there is no spindle with the same number as the group, spindle 1 is
assigned as default (M66).
en-938820/5 4 - 25
Notes
Each axis group can use the measurement of any spindle.
Several groups can use the measurement of the same spindle.
When a spindle measurement is used by an axis group for thread cutting, the spindle
speed override is inhibited for the entire duration of the thread cutting cycle (100 per
cent override).
When a declared spindle does not have an axis encoder, measurement of this spindle
is simulated by the NC.
For programming spindles with multiple axis groups (see Sec 4.17).
Example
N.. ...
N180 M67 Assignment of spindle measurement to
group 2
N190 G94 F50 Feed in mm/rev related to spindle 2
N..
4 - 26 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.3.7 Spindle Speed Limiting
N
G92 S..Spindle speed limiting. D
This function specifies the maximum

spindle speed not to be exceeded.
In case of a reduction in the machining
diameter at constant surface speed
(G96), the rotation speed can be limited
to prevent problems due to centrifugal Vc
force, imbalance, etc.
4
N constant
Vcst Vc variable
Syntax
N.. G92 S..
G92 RPM spindle speed limiting.

S.. Mandatory argument associated with the
function to define the maximum spindle speed.

Cancellation
Spindle speed limiting is cancelled by:
- cancellation function G92 S0,
- function G92 S.. with assignment of a different speed limit,
- the end of programme function (M02),
- a reset.
Notes
Spindle speed limiting:
- must be programmed before selecting constant surface speed (G96),
- must be programmed at a value below the maximum spindle speed,
- is independent of the maximum speed defined in one of the spindle speed ranges
(M40-M45).
If the spindle speed programmed by G97 is higher than the speed defined by G92,
the spindle rotates at the limited speed.
en-938820/5 4 - 27
G92 must be immediately followed by its argument S... If they are separated by an
axis (X.., Z.., etc.), the system interprets function G92 as preselection of the
programme origin on the programmed axis (see Sec. 4.12.3).
Example
Programming speed limiting for facing at constant surface speed

On read of block N60, the spindle is initialised at 637 rpm on diameter 100 mm.
On execution of block N70, the rotation speed is gradually increased up to a maximum
of 3000 rpm (approximately 21 mm diameter). The rest of facing up to X0 is carried
out at a speed of 3000 rpm.
ø 100
OP Z
ø Limited
to 3000 rpm
N.. ...
N40 ... X100 Z60 Tool tip positioned on diameter 100
N50 G92 S3000 Spindle speed limited to 3000 rpm
N60 G96 S200 Constant surface speed initialised
on X100
N70 ... X0 Facing
N..
N..
N200 G97 S900 Function G96 cancelled
N..
4 - 28 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.4 Rapid Positioning
G00 Linear interpolation at high

speed.
The programmed point is reached at G00

high speed by a linear path.
The path is a combination of all the axis Programmed
movements programmed in the block. X point
Programmable axes:
- X, Z, (Y) primary axes, Z
4
OP
- U, V, (W) secondary axes,
- (A), C, (B) rotary axes.
Syntax
N.. [G90/G91] G00 [R-/R+] X.. Z..
G90/G91 Programming in absolute or incremental dimensions.

G00 Rapid positioning.
R-/R+ The position is before or after the programmed point.
The distance is equal to the tool radius declared.
X.. Z.. End point:
- Point coordinates with G90.
- Value of the movement with G91.

Cancellation
Function G00 is cancelled by one of functions G01, G02, G03 or G33.
en-938820/5 4 - 29
Notes
The speed of movement on the path programmed in G00 is determined by the slowest
axis (this axis moves at its maximum speed).
Optional arguments R+ or R-:
- are active only in the block where they are programmed,
- cannot be programmed in a block with PGP (see chapter 5).
Programming of the additional axes and carrier/carried axis pairs

Two axes of carried/carrier axis pairs can be programmed in G00 using function G52
(programming with reference to the measurement origin, see Sec. 4.12.1).
Examples
Rapid positioning before machining

N..
N.. ... Tool call
N30 G97 S600 M40 M04
N40 G00 Xa Za G00 X
Z
N50 Xb
N..
a
G00 X
X
b
Z
OP
Rapid retraction after machining

N.. ...
N130 G00 Xa Za a
N.. G00 X
Z
Z
OP
4 - 30 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Positioning with respect to the cutter dia. (R-/R+)

R+ or R- can be programmed to reach
Stop before Stop after
the specified approach point regardless
of the real tool radius declared (see Sec.
4.8.3).
Positioning is only applied to the axes of
the plane.
R-
R+
4
Example
Programming to stop at an approach distance of 1 mm.
Approach distance = 1 mm
40 80
G00 a
b
Tool radius
10/.-,+*)(;:10/.-,+*)(
X
:10/.-,+*)(;9876543298765432;:10/.-,+*)(
;:9876543210/.-,+*)(98765432;:10/.-,+*)(
;:98765432(98765432;:
Z
;:9876543298765432;:
OP
N.. ...
N.. D.. Tool correction (see Sec. 4.8.3)
:98;EDCBA@?>=<;:98765432
N140 G00 X40 Z80 Point a

EDCBA@?>=<;:98765432
EDCBA@?>=<;:98765432EDCBA@?>=<;:98765432
N150 R- Z41 Point b, stop before the programmed

DCBA@?>=<432EEDCBA@?>=<
EDCBA@?>=<
point
DCBA@?>=<EEDCBA@?>=<
N160 ...
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 31
4.5 Programming of Movements
4.5.1 Linear Interpolation
G01 Linear interpolation at the

programmed feed rate.
The programmed point is reached by a G01

linear path at the programmed feed rate. X
The path is a combination of all the axis
movements programmed in the block. Z
OP
Programmable axes:
- X, Z, (Y) primary axes,
- U, W, (V) secondary axes,
- (A), C, (B) rotary axes.
Syntax
N.. [G90/G91] G01 [R+/R-] X.. Z.. [F..]

G01 Linear interpolation at the programmed feed rate.
R-/R+ The position is before or after the programmed point.
The distance is equal to the tool radius declared.
X.. Z.. End point:
- Point coordinates with G90.
- Value of the movement with G91.
F.. Feed rate (see Sec. 4.7).
4 - 32 en-938820/5
ISO Programming

Cancellation
Function G01 is cancelled by one of functions G00, G02 or G03.
Notes
Automatic path smoothing may prevent exact passage through the programmed
points unless specifically requested (see Sec. 4.6).
Optional arguments R+ or R-:
- are active only in the block where they are programmed 4
- cannot be programmed in a block with PGP (see Chapter 5).
Programming of additional axes and carrier/carried axis pairs

Linear interpolation can be programmed by combining movements on primary and
additional axes.
Example:
Linear interpolation on a primary axis and a secondary axis.
N.. G01 Y.. W.. F..
Linear interpolation on a secondary axis and a rotary axis.
N.. G01 U.. C.. F..
Examples
Linear interpolation along the X and Z axes (machining path a, b, c)
c
G01 G01
ø 46
b a
ø 36
5
ø 30
OP Z
30
en-938820/5 4 - 33
Turning and facing in absolute programming (G90)
c
5
b
ø 46
a
ø 36
ø 30
X
OP Z
30
%20
N10 G00 G52 X.. Z.. Tool change position
N20 ... Tool call
N30 G97 S600 M40 M04
N40 X30 Z5 Point a, approach
N50 G96 S200
N60 G95 F0.2 Feed rate in mm/rev.
N70 G01 X36 Z-30 Point b, turning
N80 X46 F0.1 Point c, facing
N..
Turning and facing in incremental programming (G91)
35
c
5
3 5
b
a
ø 30
OP Z
30
%25
N20 ... Tool call
N30 G97 S600 M40 M04
N50 G96 S200
N70 G91 G01 X3 Z-35 Point b, turning
N80 X5 Point c, facing
N90 G90 ...
4 - 34 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Positioning with respect to the cutter dia. (R+/R-)

R+ or R- can be programmed to reach
Stop before Stop after
the specified approach distance
regardless of the read tool radius (see
Sec. 4.8.3).
Positioning only applies to the axes of

the interpolation plane.
, ,
R-
,
,,

,

, ,
,
R+
4
,
Example
Programming to stop at an approach distance of 1 mm.
Approach distance = 1 mm
40 50
G01
b a
Tool radius
X
OP Z
N.. ...
N.. D.. Tool correction (see Sec. 4.8.3)
N150 G01 R- Z41 G95 F0.2 Point b, stop before the programmed
point
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 35
4.5.2 Circular Interpolation
G02 Clockwise circular

interpolation at the
G02
X
OP Z
G03 Counterclockwise circular

interpolation at the
G03
X
OP Z
The programmed point is reached by a circular path.

The centre of the tip radius moves at the programmed feed rate.
The two linear axes controlled depend on the interpolation plane:
- Axes Z (or W) and X (or U) in G20 (see Sec. 4.14).
4 - 36 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Syntax
N.. [G90/G91]G02/G03 X.. Z.. I.. K../R..[F..]

G02 Clockwise circular interpolation.
G03 Counterclockwise circular interpolation.
X.. Z.. End point
Coordinates of the end point with G90.
Movement value with G91. 4
I.. K.. Location of the circle centre in the XZ plane (I along X,
K along Z).
- With reference to the programme origin for G90.
- With reference to the interpolation start point for
G91.
R.. Radius of the circle.

Cancellation
Function G02 is cancelled by functions G00, G01, G03 or G33.
Function G03 is cancelled by functions G00, G01, G02 or G33.
Notes
The programmed point may not be reached if the next block is sequenced with path
smoothing (see Sec. 4.6).
In a block programmed in G02 or G03, all the addresses used for the interpolation
must be specified, even if they are zero (I0, K0) or unchanged with reference to the
previous block (for X and Z).
en-938820/5 4 - 37
Programming a circle by its radius (R..)
The system chooses the path whose
angle is less than 180 degrees (a path
with an angle greater than 180 degrees
can only be obtained by programming b R
the circle by the coordinates of its centre end
or in PGP (see Chapter 5). point
R
If the distance between the start point
and end point is greater than twice the a
programmed radius, the system start
generates an error message. point
a-b < 2R
Programming a circle by the coordinates of its centre (I and K)

When the difference in radii between the
start point and end point is greater than
< 20µ
20 µ, the system generates an error
message.
Start End
radius radius
Programming the additional axes and carrier/carried axis pairs

Circular interpolation can be carried out on the following primary and secondary axis
pairs:
Main
Function Axis Pairs
interpolation plane
ZX G20 ZU, WX, WU
Other axes such as rotary and/or linear axes can be associated in a circular
interpolation block, but these axes are interpolated linearly.
A movement on a carrier axis causes an identical movement on the carried axis.
4 - 38 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Direction of movement according to the turret position

Lathe with one turret
Rear Z
turret
X
G03 G02
G02 G03
4
X
Front
Z turret
Lathe with two mechanically coupled turrets
Main Secondary
rear turret turret
G03 G02
G02 G03
X
Z
Z
X
G03 G02
G02 G03
Secondary Main
turret front turret
en-938820/5 4 - 39
Examples
Circular interpolation by programming in absolute dimensions (G90)

Circular interpolation G02 is carried out by programming the radius (R) and circular
interpolation G03 is carried out by programming the circle centre (with I and K).
80
50
35
.5
17
15
R
R
ø 30
ø 50
ø 20
ø 50
4 - 40 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Machining paths (finishing)
K
K
d c
b a
4
X
I..
I..
OP Z
%28
N20 Tool call
N30 S900 M40 M04
N60 G96 S200
N70 G01 Z80 Point b
N80 G02 X50 Z65 R15 Point c
N90 G03 X50 Z35 130 K50 Point d
N100 G00 X80
N110 G52 X.. Z.. G97 S900 M05
N120 M02
en-938820/5 4 - 41
Circular interpolation by programming in incremental dimensions (G91)
Both interpolations G02 and G03 are carried out by programming the circle centre
(with I and K).
50
20
15
R
15
R
ø 76
ø 10
4 - 42 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
d G03
K
I
K G02
X 4
b a I
OP Z
%30
N20 ... Tool call
N30 S900 M40 M04
N60 G96 S200
N70 G01 Z0 Point b
N80 G91 G02 X15 Z-15 I15 K0 Point c
N90 G03 X15 Z-15 I0 K-15 Point d
N100 G90 G01 X80
N110 G52 X.. Z.. G97 S900 M05
N120 M02
en-938820/5 4 - 43
4.5.3 Circular Interpolation Defined by Three Points
G23 Circular interpolation defined

by three points.
c
Circular interpolation can be carried out

by programming: a
- the start point (defined in the block b
preceding function G23),
- the end point and the intermediate
X
point (defined in the same block as
function G23).
Z
OP
The direction of circular interpolation is defined by the position of the intermediate

point (b) with respect to the start point (a) and the end point (c), i.e.:
- to the left of line ac: clockwise,
- to the right of line ac: counterclockwise.
Syntax (XY plane)
N.. [G90/G91] G23 X.. Z.. I.. K.. [F..]
G90/G91 Absolute or incremental programming.

G23 Clockwise or counterclockwise circular interpolation.
X.. Z.. End point.
I.. K.. Intermediate point.

Function G23 is nonmodal. However, function G02 or G03 created by the system for
a clockwise or counterclockwise arc is modal.
Cancellation
Function G23 is cancelled at the end of the block.
4 - 44 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Notes
The arguments of function G23 must not be separated by any other address.
Otherwise, the system returns error message 101. Example:
N.. G23 X.. Z.. F.. I.. K.. Programming incorrect
Circular interpolation defined by G23 can be in absolute dimensions (G90) or
incremental dimensions (G91).
Example
Circular interpolation from a through b to c
b 4
c
a
X
Z
OP
N..
N90 G01 Xa Za G95 F0.2 Point a, approach
N100 G23 Xc Zc Ib Kb F0.15 Circular interpolation
N110 G01 X.. Z.. F0.2
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 45
4.5.4 Polar Programming
Polar programming is used to define paths or positions when one of the part
dimensions is angular.
General
Polar programming is used for line or circle geometric elements defined in the same
plane.
Polar programming:
- can coexist with ISO programming and Profil Geometry Programming (PGP)
(see Chapter 5)
- can be in absolute dimensions (G90), incremental dimensions (G91) or a
combination thereof (G90 and G91, possibly in the same block)
- can be combined with cartesian programming.
Polar programming can be carried out in one of the interpolation planes selected: ZX
or XY (in all cases, the line or circle start point must be defined in the same plane as
the one used in programming).
Reference Axis of the Polar Angle

For polar programming of a line or circle, the polar angle is always programmed by
argument EA (whatever the interpolation plane selected).
For turning, the polar angle is defined

with respect to the reference axis of the
interpolation plane: X
- Z in the ZX plane (G20)
- X in the XY plane (G21). EA > 0
The positive or negative direction of the
angle is defined in the trigonometric circle.
Z
EA < 0
ZX plane
4 - 46 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.5.4.1 Polar Programming of a Line

A line can be programmed:
- in absolute dimensions with function G90
- in incremental dimensions with function G91.
Polar Programming of a Line in Absolute Dimensions (G90)

The line is defined in absolute dimen-
sions by:
- its start point (a) contained in the b
block preceding the polar
programming block
- the polar coordinates of its end point a 4
(b) defined with respect to the
EX
programme origin (OP). EA
X
OP Z
Polar Programming of a Line in Incremental Dimensions (G91)

The line is defined in incremental dimen-
sions by:
- its start point (a) contained in the b EA
programming block EX
- the polar coordinates of its end
point (b) defined incrementally with a
respect to its start point (or the last
programmed point).
X
en-938820/5 4 - 47
Syntax
N.. [G20] [G90/G91] G00/G01 EA.. EX.. [F..]
G20 ZX plane selected.

G00/G01 Linear interpolation.
EA.. Angle of line EX.
EX.. Length of the line.
In G90: EX = distance from programme origin to end point.
In G91: EX = distance from start point to end point.
Notes
Arguments EA and EX in the same block must both be programmed either in
incremental dimensions or in absolute dimensions. It is not acceptable to programme
EA in absolute dimensions (G90) and EX in incremental dimensions (G91).
In the block, EA must be programmed first, before EX.
Argument EX:
- is always addressed by the same letters, whatever the interpolation plane
- must always be programmed as a positive value.
Examples
Line programmed in absolute dimensions

b
N..
N.. G90 G20 a o
N200 X20 Z60 Point o
N210 G01 X20 Z40
X EX EA
N220 EA30 EX35

N.. OP Z
Line programmed in incremental dimensions

b EA
N..
EX a o
N.. G90 G20
N120 X20 Z60 Point o
X
N130 G01 X20 Z40
N130 G91 EA120 EX15
N.. OP Z
4 - 48 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.5.4.2 Polar Programming of a Circle

A circle can be programmed:
- in absolute dimensions with function G90 or incremental dimensions with function
G91
- as a combination of cartesian and polar coordinates
- as a combination of incremental and absolute dimensions (G90/G91) and
cartesian and polar coordinates
- by its arc angle and its centre defined in cartesian or polar coordinates.
Polar Programming of a Circle in Absolute Dimensions (G90)

The circle is defined in absolute dimen-
sions by: b 4
- its start point (a) contained in the
programming block,
- the polar coordinates of the end c a
EI
point (b) and the centre (c) defined in
absolute dimensions with respect to EX
the programme origin (OP). X EA
EA
Z
OP
Polar Programming of a Circle in Incremental Dimensions (G91)

The circle is defined in incremental di-
mensions by: b
- its start point (a) contained in the EX EA
programming block,
- the polar coordinates of the end EI
EA
point (b) and the centre (c) defined in c
incremental dimensions with respect
to the circle start point (or last point
X
programmed).
en-938820/5 4 - 49
Syntax
N.. [G20] [G90] G02/G03 EA.. EX.. EA.. EI.. [F..]
G20 ZX plane selected.

G02/G03 Circular interpolation.
EA.. Angle of line EX.
EX.. Length of the line.
In G90 :
EX = distance from programme origin to end point.
In G91:
EX = distance from start point to end point.
EA.. Angle of line EI.
EI.. Length of the line.
In G90 :
EI = distance from programme origin to circle centre.
In G91 :
EI = distance from start point to circle center.
Notes
The following notes apply to all cases of circles programmed in absolute or
incremental dimensions.
In a block, the programming order must be complied with:
- End point EA then EX
- Centre point EA then EI.
Arguments EX and EI must always be programmed in the positive direction.
Arguments EX and EI are addressed by the same letters whatever the interpolation
plane chosen.
4 - 50 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Examples
Definition of a circle in absolute dimensions (G90) using cartesian and polar
programming.
Cartesian and polar programming can be combined in a block, making it possible to
use other circle programming syntaxes.
Example:
Cartesian and polar programming in absolute dimensions in the YZ plane (G19).
N.. G90 G20 G01 Xa Za

b
N.. G02 EAb EXb EAc EIc
or 4
N.. G90 G20 G01 Xa Za
R
N.. G02 EAb EXb Ic Kc c/IK a
EI
or
EX
N.. G90 G20 G01 Xa Za
N.. G02 Xb Zb EAc EIc X EA
EA
or
N.. G90 G20 G01 Xa Za OP
Z
N.. G02 EAb EXb R..
Cartesian and polar programming can also be applied to a circle defined in

en-938820/5 4 - 51
Definition of a circle by programming in absolute/incremental dimensions (G90/G91)
and cartesian/polar coordinates
Absolute and incremental dimensions and cartesian and polar coordinates can be
programmed in the same block, making it possible to use other circle programming
syntaxes.
Example:
Absolute/incremental programming (G90 and G91) combined with cartesian and
polar programming in the ZX plane (G20).
N.. G90 G20 G01 Xa Za N.. G90 G20 G01 Xa Za
N.. G03 EAb EXb G91 EAc EIc N.. G03 Xb Zb G91 EAc EIc
b Z b
a a
EI EA EI EA
EX
X
c c
EA
X X
Z Z
OP OP
N.. G90 G20 G01 Xa Za N.. G90 G20 G01 Xa Za

N.. G91 G03 EAb EXb G90 Ic Kc N.. G91 G03 EAb EXb G90 EAc EIc
b EA b EA
EX EX
a a
K
c
c
EI
X I X EA
Z Z
OP OP
4 - 52 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.5.4.3 Defining a Circle by the Arc Angle
Defining a circle by the arc angle and cartesian programming of its centre
defined in absolute or incremental dimensions
The circle is defined by:
- its start point (a) contained in the EA
block preceding the arc angle
programming block, a
- the cartesian coordinates of its centre
(c) and its arc angle. c/IK
The centre can be programmed in:
- absolute dimensions with G90, 4
- incremental dimensions with G91. X
The arc angle EA is defined in absolute
dimensions. OP Z
Syntax
N.. [G20] [G90/G91] G02/G03 I.. K.. EA.. [F..]
G20 ZX plane selection.

G90/G91 Programming of the circle centre in absolute or
I.. K.. Coordinates of circle centre in the ZX plane (I along X
and K along Z):
- in G90 with reference to the programme origin
- in G91 with reference to the circle start point.
EA.. Arc angle.
Angle of the end point with respect to the start point.
en-938820/5 4 - 53
Notes
The notes below concern only circles defined by the arc angle (with the centre defined
in cartesian coordinates).
When a value of zero is assigned to EA, the system describes a complete circle.
When the circle is defined from Z to X, EA is positive; in the opposite direction, EA is
negative.
Four types of circles are possible in absolute programming, depending on the
direction of the programmed circular interpolation (G02 or G03) and the sign (positive
or negative) of arc angle EA.
Example
N.. G90 G20 Xa Za N.. G90 G20 Xa Za
N.. G03 I.. K.. EA+160 N.. G03 I.. K.. EA-160 (ou EA+200)
+
EA
K c K c
a a
EA
I I
X
–
Z Z
OP OP

N.. G02 I.. K.. EA-160 N.. G02 I.. K.. EA+160 (ou EA-200)
+
EA
K c K c
a a
EA
I I
X
–
Z Z
OP OP
4 - 54 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Defining a circle by its arc angle and polar programming of its centre in
absolute coordinates (G90)
The circle is defined by:
- its start point (a) contained in the EA
block preceding the arc angle
programming block a
- the polar coordinates of its centre (c)
and its arc angle. c
Arc angle EA is defined in absolute di-
mensions.
X
EI
EA 4
OP Z
Syntax
N.. [G20] [G90] G02/G03 EA.. EI.. EA.. [F..]
G20 ZX plane selection.

G90 Circle centre programmed in absolute dimensions.
EA.. Angle of line EI.
programme origin/circle centre
EI.. Length of the line.
EI = distance from programme origin to circle centre.
EA.. Arc angle.
Angle of the end point with respect to the start point.
en-938820/5 4 - 55
Notes
The notes below concern only circles defined by the arc angle (with the centre defined
in polar coordinates).
When a value of zero is assigned to EA, the system describes a complete circle.
When the circle is defined from Z to X, EA is positive; in the opposite direction, EA is
negative.
Four types of circles are possible in absolute programming, depending on the
direction of the programmed circular interpolation (G02 or G03) and the sign (positive
or negative) of arc angle EA.
Example:
N.. G03 EA.. EI.. EA+160 N.. G03 EA.. EI.. EA-160 (or EA+200)
+
EA
c c
a a
EA
–
X X
EI
EI
EA EA
Z Z
OP OP

N.. G02 EA.. EI.. EA-160 N.. G02 EA.. EI.. EA+160 (or EA-200)
+
EA
c c
a a
EA
–
X X
EI
EI
EA EA
Z Z
OP OP
4 - 56 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.5.5 Programming Fillets and Chamfers
4.5.5.1 Fillet Between Two Interpolations
EB+ Fillet between two

interpolations.
EB
This functions is used to make a fillet EB
between two linear and/or circular inter-
polations.
EB
EB
4
X
Syntax (XY plane)
N.. G01/G02/G03 X.. Z.. I.. K.. / R.. [F..] EB+.. [EF..]
G01 / G02 / G03 Linear or circular interpolations.

X.. Z.. Programmed intersection point.
I.. K.. / R.. Circle centre or radius in G02 or G03.
EB+.. Fillet dimension.
EF.. Feed rate specific to the fillet (see Sec. 4.7).

Function EB+.. is nonmodal.
Cancellation
Function EB+ is cancelled at the end of the block.
Example
Refer to the example in Sec. 4.7.4 (feed rate specific to fillets and chamfers).
en-938820/5 4 - 57
4.5.5.2 Chamfer Between Two Linear Interpolations
EB- Chamfer between two linear EB

interpolations.
=
This functions is used to make a chamfer
between two linear interpolations.
=
EB
Z
Syntax (XY plane)
N.. G01 X.. Z.. [F..] EB-.. [EF..]
G01 Linear interpolation.

X.. Z.. Programmed intersection point.
EB-.. Chamfer dimension.
EF.. Feed rate specific to the chamfer (see Sec. 4.7).

Function EB-.. is nonmodal.
Cancellation
Function EB- is cancelled at the end of the block.
Example
Refer to the example in Sec. 4.7.4 (feed rate specific to fillets and chamfers).
4 - 58 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.6 Path Sequencing Conditions
G09 Accurate stop at end of block

before continuation to next Point programmed
with G09
block.
εp
The programmed point is reached when
the function is programmed in the block.
Without G09
X
Z
4
Syntax
N.. G09 [G00/G01/G02/G03] X.. Z.. [F..]
G09 Accurate stop at the end of a block before continuation

to the next block.
G00/G01/G02/G03 Linear or circular interpolation.
X.. Z.. Coordinates of the end point.
F.. Feed rate (See Sec. 4.7).

Function G09 is nonmodal.
Cancellation
Notes
The tracking error εp is directly proportional to the feed rate.
The more acute the angle between two paths, the greater the smoothing effect at a
given feed rate and therefore a given εp.
When G09 is programmed:
- the tracking error εp is closed down at the end of the path,
- the feed rate is zero at the end of the block.
en-938820/5 4 - 59
Examples
Programming with G09

The axes are decelerated along path ab
at a distance εp from point b and go
through point b. b
εp
N.. ... c α
Fe
N100 G01 Xa Za G95 F0.3
ed
N110 G09 Xb Zb
rat
e
N120 G09 Xc Zc
N.. X
a
Programming without G09

The axes are not decelerated and do not
go through point b.
b
εp
The resulting curve between the paths
result from the feed rates along ab and c α
bc and the angular value of the vectors. Fe
ed
rat
e
X
a
4 - 60 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.7 Feed Rate

4.7.1 Feed Rate Expressed in Millimetres, Inches or Degrees per Minute
G94 Feed rate expressed in Motorised

millimetres, inches or spindle
degrees per minute.
The feed rate is expressed in millimetres

or inches per minute on linear axes and
F (mm/min)
in degrees per minute on rotary axes
programmed alone. X 4
Indexed
spindle
Z
Syntax
N.. G94 F.. G01/G02/G03 X.. Z.. C..
G94 Function setting the feed rate:

- in millimetres/min,
- in inches/min
- in degrees/min.
F.. Mandatory argument associated with the function and
defining the feed rate.
G01/G02/G03 Linear or circular interpolation.
X.. Z.. End point on linear axes.
C.. Angular end point on rotary axes.

Reminder
Address F is assigned a default value of 1000 mm/min (F1000).
LKJIHGFEDCBLKJIHGFEDCB
If the system is initialised with G95 by the OEM, address F is assigned a default value
of 1 mm/rev (F1) (for additional information, refer to machine parameter P7 in the
Parameter Manual).
en-938820/5 4 - 61
Cancellation
Function G94 is cancelled by function G95.
Notes
The feed rate limits are defined by the machine manufacturer (see manufacturer’s
technical data). When the programmed feed rate exceeds the permissible minimum
or maximum rate, the system automatically limits it to the permissible feed rate.
The feed rate cannot be programmed in inches per minute unless the system is in
state G70 (see Sec. 4.15.4, programming in inches).
When the programme units are changed, a G function defining the new feed rate type
and its programming format must be followed by F.. (if the system was already in a
G94 state, address F.. can be programmed alone in a block).
Example
N..
N140 G00 X.. Z..
N150 G95 F0.3 Feed rate in mm per revolution
N160 G01 Z..
N170 X.. Z.. FO.2
N..
N240 G00 X.. Z..
N250 G94 F200 G01 X.. W.. Feed rate in mm/min on a primary axis
and a secondary axis
N260 W.. F100
N..
Programming additional axes

The feed rate on rotary axes or independent secondary axes results from the
combined movement vector in the basic reference system.
Rotary axes programmed alone in a block are assigned a feed rate calculated from
the orthogonal resultant of their relative dimensions.
Equation for determining the feed rate in this case:
F.. = ∆ A2 + ∆ B2 + ∆ C2 / ∆ t.
4 - 62 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Programming a modulo rotary axis programmed alone

Example:
N.. G91 G94 F40 G01 C30
Feed rate F40 is expressed in degrees per minute (execution time = 45 seconds).
Programming a modulo rotary axis and a linear axis

Example:
N.. G91 G94 F100 G01 X10 C30
The feed rate on the X axis is expressed in millimetres per minute. The feed rate on
the C axis depends on the time required to execute the linear path on the X axis.
t = ∆ X / F = 10 / 100 = 0.1 minute, i.e. 6 seconds.
4
The feed rate on the C axis is equal to 30 deg/6 seconds, i.e. 5 deg/s.
Reminder
Determination of the feed rate (Fr) in mm/min.
Feed rate Fr = N x fz x Z
Number of teeth of the tool
Feed per tooth
Rotation speed
Example:
N = 750 revolutions per minute,
fz = 0.1 mm,
Z = 2 teeth,
Fr = 750 x 0.1 x 2 = 150 mm/min, i.e. F150.
en-938820/5 4 - 63
4.7.2 Feed Rate Expressed in Millimetres or Inches per Revolution
G95 Feed rate expressed in

millimetres or inches per
revolution.
F
The feed rate is expressed in millimetres

X
or inches per spindle revolution. mm/rev
Syntax
N.. G95 F.. G01/G02/G03 X.. Z..
G95 Function setting the feed rate:

- in mm/rev,
- in in./rev.
F.. Mandatory argument associated with the function
defining the feed rate.
G01/G02/G03 Linear or circular interpolation at the programmed feed
rate.
X.. Z.. End point on the linear axes.

Reminder:
- G94 (mm/min) is the default function.

- Address F is assigned a default value of 1000 mm/min (F1000) at power on (for
additional information, refer to machine parameter P7 in the Parameter Manual).
Cancellation
Modal function G95 is cancelled by function G94.
4 - 64 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
REMARK If the system is initialised in G95 mode by the machine manufacturer,

address F is assigned a default value of 1 mm/rev (F1).
Notes
The feed rate limits are defined by the machine manufacturer (see manufacturer’s
technical data). When the programmed feed rate exceeds the permissible values, the
system automatically limits it (maximum limit 30 mm/revolution). If a higher value is
programmed, the system does not return an error message but simply limits the feed
rate to 30 mm/revolution).
When the feed rate unit is changed, the G function defining the new feed rate unit and
its programming format must be followed by the argument F.. (if the system is already
in state G95, address F.. can be programmed alone in a block). 4
The feed rate cannot be programmed in inches per minute unless the system is in G70
mode (programming in inches).
Example
N..
N.. G00 X.. Z..
N140 G94 F200 Feed rate in mm/min
N150 G01 Z..
N160 X.. Z.. F100
N..
N240 G00 X.. Z..
N250 G95 F0.3 G01 X.. W.. Feed rate in mm/rev on a primary axis
and a secondary axis
N260 W.. F0.2
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 65
4.7.3 Tangential Feed Rate
G92 R.. Programming of

tangential feed rate.
This function applies a tangential feed
ini
rate when machining curves with tool
F..
Rm
radius correction (see Sec. 4.8.4).
Feed rate F.. is no longer applied to the
tool centre as it may be to large.
Syntax
N.. G92 R..
G92 Tangential feed rate applied to tool radius correction.

R.. Mandatory argument defining the minimum value of
curve radius below which the tangential feed rate is to
be ignored.

Function G92 followed by argument R is modal.
Cancellation
Tangential feed rate G92 R.. is cancelled by:
- cancellation function G92 R0,
- function G92 R.. with a different radius,
ONMLKJIHGFONMLKJIHGF
NMLKJIHGFOONMLKJIHGF

ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<
- a reset.
ONMLKJIHGFYXEDCBA@?>=<ONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQPEDCBA@?>=<
YXONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<WVUTSRQPYXONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<WVUTSRQP
YXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<ONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQPEDCBA@?>=<
Notes
ONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQPEDCBA@?>=<YXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<
ONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQPEDCBA@?>=<ONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQPCBA@?>=<
Function G92 is ignored during automatic creation of a connecting circle between two
YXONMLKJIHGFWVUTSRQPYXONMLKJIHGFWVUTSRQP
secant elements (lines or circles) with radius correction. The feed rate then is the
YXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQP
same as the feed rate programmed in the previous block.

ONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQPYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGF
ONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGF
Function G92 programmed in a block must not be accompanied by axis commands.

ONMLKJIHGF
4 - 66 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Example
In this example, the tangential feed rate is applied to curves whose radius is greater
than 4 mm.
h R6 R3 R6
g f e c b
d
X 4
Z
OP
%23
N20_ Tool call
N30 S900 M40 M04
N40 G95 F0.2
N50 G00 G42 Xa Za Right radius offset
N60 G92 S3000
N70 G96 S100
N80 G92 R4 Tangential feed rate limit
N90 G01 Xb Zb F0.2
N100 Xc Zc
N110 G02 Xd Zd R6 Feed rate applied to the point of
tangency
N120 G01 Xe, Ze
N130 G03 Xf Zf R3 Feed rate applied to the tool centre
N140 G02 Xg Zg R6
N150 G01 Xh Zh
N160 G92 R0 Tangential feed rate cancelled
N170 G00 G40 G52 X.. Z.. G97 S900 M05
N180 M02
en-938820/5 4 - 67
4.7.4 Feed Rate Specific to Fillets EB+ and Chamfers EB-
EF Feed rate specific to fillets
F0
EB+ and chamfers EB-.
1.
EF0.08
A feed rate different from the modal
machining feed rate F can be F0.2 EF0.1
programmed for fillets and chamfers EB +
programmed by EB+ and EB-. EB –
F0.3
X
Syntax
N.. Interpolation EB+.. / EB-.. EF..
Interpolation Linear interpolation (G01) or circular interpolation

(G02 or G03).
EB+ Fillet dimension.
EB- Chamfer dimension.
EF.. Feed rate.

Function EF.. is modal.
Cancellation
Function EF followed by a value is cancelled by programming:
- function EF followed by a new value, or
- the end of the programme (M02).
Notes
Feed rate EF is substituted for the modal feed rate F if its value is nonzero and is less
than feed rate F.
Feed rate EF is in the unit specified by G94 (mm/min) or G95 (mm/rev).
Feed rate F.. in mm/min (G94) or mm/rev (G95) remains modal when executing fillets
and/or chamfers.
4 - 68 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Example
Finishing a contour with feed rate EF in the chamfers and fillet.
EB+0.5
a b
EB–5
c EB+2
d
e
f
EB–3
g
EB+5 4
h EB+7
X I
J
OP Z
When executing the contour, the linear and circular interpolations are carried out at
modal feed rate G95 F0.4.
%39
N.. ...
N110 G00 G52 X.. Z.. G97 S900 M04 Tool spindel positioning
N120 ... Tool call
N130 X160 Z30 Point a
N140 G96 S400
N150 G92 S4000
N160 G95 F0.4 Feed rate for G1, G2 or G3
N170 G01 Z50 EB+0.5 EF0.3 Point b (feed rate 0.3)
N180 X140 EB-5 EF0.2 Point c (feed rate 0.2)
N190 Z60 EB+2 Point d (feed rate 0.2)
N200 X110 Point e (feed rate 0.4)
N210 Z60 EB-4 EF0.15 Point f (feed rate 0.15)
N220 X90 Z50 EB+5 Point g (feed rate 0.15)
N230 X70 EB+5 EF0.2 Point h (feed rate 0.2)
N240 G02 X40 Z70 R30 EB+7 Point i (feed rate 0.2)
N250 G03 X10 Z60 R20 Point j (feed rate 0.4)
N260 G1 X0 Point k (feed rate 0.4)
N270 ...
en-938820/5 4 - 69
4.8 Programming of Tools
4.8.1 Tool Change
M06 Tool change
T..
This function calls for a tool to be placed
in the machining station.
The tool is loaded automatically or
M06
manually.
T..
Syntax
N.. T.. M06 [ $0.. or (...)]
T.. The tool is selected by function T followed by a number.

The number corresponds to the tool station on the
machine turret.
M06 Tool change.
$0 or (...) Possible message or comment concerning the tool
characteristics (see Sec. 4.19).

Function M06 is a decoded nonmodal «post» function.
Cancellation
Function M06 is reset when the NC detects the M function report (CRM).
Notes
Function T defining the tool number must not be assigned a value greater than
99999999. Above, the system returns error message 1.
Before a tool change, it is recommended to programme a safe position for indexing
the turret:
YXWVUTSRQPYXWVUTSRQP
- with reference to the programme origin (OP), or

- with reference to the measurement origin programmed with function G52 (see
YXWVUTSRQPONYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGF
YONMLKJIHGFXWVUTSRQPYXWVUTSRQPJIHGF
Sec. 4.12.1).
YXWVUTSRQP
4 - 70 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Example
Automatic tool call
N.. ...
N90 G00 X.. Z.. or G00 G52 X.. Z..
N100 T05 M06 (TURN/FACING TOOL R=0.8)
N..
Measurement origin (OM) X Programme origin (OP)

Measurement
origin
4
Z Tool
OM change
position X
Z
Tool X
X
change
position X Z
Z Z OP
OP
Programme origin
en-938820/5 4 - 71
4.8.2 Tool Axis Orientation
G16 Definition of the tool axis

orientation with addresses P+
P, R.
The tool axis orientation is defined by

this function with one of the arguments P X
or R followed by a plus or minus sign.
R+
Z
Syntax
N.. G16 P±/R±
G16 Definition of the tool axis orientation.

P+ Points along X+.
P- Points along X-.
R+ Points along Z+.
R- Points along Z-.

Function G16 followed by one of arguments P or R is modal.
Function G16 followed by R+ is the default function.
Cancellation
Function G16 is cancelled by programming G16 with a different P or R argument.
Notes
By convention, the tool vector points from the tool tip (cutting part) to the tool reference
(spindle mounting).
The tool axis cannot be an independant secondary axis.
4 - 72 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
When defining the tool axis orientation:

- it is recommended to cancel tool radius offset (G40) and canned cycles (G80),
- the block containing G16.. may include movements, miscellaneous M functions
and technological S and T functions.
Example
%44
N10 G00 G52 X.. Z.. (G16 R+) Orientation initialised along Z+
N20 T08 ... M06 (TOOL)
N30 G97 S900 M40 M04
N.. 4
N..
N170 G00 G52 X.. Z..
N180 T11 ... M06 (DRILL)
N190 G97 S200 M03 M40
N200 C0 M19
N210 G16 P+ Axis orientation along X+
N220 ...
N..
Machine equipped with a live tool.
Turret
P+
Motorised
X+ bevel
gear
Indexed
OP Z spindle
en-938820/5 4 - 73
4.8.3 Tool Correction Call
Turret
D.. Tool correction call. X reference
Address D followed by a number selects
Dimension X + . .
the tool correction. Z
The stored tool dimensions are validated
for the programmed axes
Dimension
Radius R . .
Z+..
The tool dimensions are displayed on the «TOOL CORRECTIONS» page:

- X = Tool dimension on the X axis,
- Z = Tool dimension on the Z axis,
- R = Tool radius,
- C = Tool tip orientation.
The dimensions can be entered:
- manually or via a peripheral (see operator’s manual),
- by parametric programming (see Sec. 6.2).
Syntax
N.. [G16 R+] D.. [G40/G41/G42] X.. Z..
G16 R+ Tool axis orientation along Z.

D.. Correction number (1 to 255 corrections).
G40 Tool radius offset cancel.
G41/G42 Tool radius offset.
X.. Z.. End point.
ba`_^]\[Zccba`_^]\[Z
cba`_^]\[Zcba`_^]\[Z
cba`_^]\[Z
4 - 74 en-938820/5
ISO Programming

Function D.. is modal. Correction D0 is the default correction.
Cancellation
Function D.. is cancelled by programming a new correction or D0.
Notes
The correction number may be different from the tool number.
Several correction numbers can be assigned to the same tool.
D0 always contains zero.
4
The system includes 255 tool corrections (X,Z,R,C). If the number assigned to the
correction is higher than 255, the system returns error message 8.
Tool corrections (dimensions) in X and Z

The tool corrections are assigned to the tool axis orientation defined by G16.. (see
Sec. 4.8.2).
The X and Z axes (U and W if carried) are affected by the tool dimensions stored in
corrections X and Z.
The declared tool dimensions are taken into account when programming:
- a correction number D..,
- a movement of the axis parallel to the tool axis orientation.
During machining, the tool dimensions are re-applied during:
- correction number changes,
- the use of wear corrections,
- a tool axis orientation change.
The corrections are suspended by programming G52 (see Sec. 4.12.1, programming
in absolute dimensions referenced to the measurement origin).
The maximum dimension of the X and Z corrections is 9999.999 mm.
REMARK The tool axis can be a primary axis or a carried secondary axis (but not
an independent secondary axis).
Example
Machining with tool T02 to which are assigned two corrections, D02 and D12.
The X and Z corrections of tool T02 are taken into account during the first movement
on the X and Z axes programmed after D02 and D12.
en-938820/5 4 - 75
%55
N10 G00 G52 X.. Z.. G16 R+
N20 T02 D02 M06 Call of tool T02 and correction D02
N30 G97 S900 M40 M04
N40 G00 Z100 Taking into account dimension Z.. of D02
N50 X60 Taking into account dimension X.. of D02
N..
N100 D12 G00 X80 Z100 Taking into account dimensions X.. and
Z.. of D12
N..
N20
N40
Dimension X
D2 X . .
D2 Z . . Dimension Z
OP Z
Tool radius correction (R)

The tool radius correction is assigned to programming according to the two axes of
the interpolation plane (X, U, Z, W, etc.).
The tool radius declared is taken into account when programming:
- the correction number D..,
- one of functions G41 or G42,
- one of the axes of the interpolation plane.
During machining, a change in the tool radius is made by canceling the radius offset
by G40 then reprogramming the radius offset by G41 or G42 after:
- changing the correction number,
- changing the tool wear compensation.
The maximum dimension of R correction is 999.999 mm.
4 - 76 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
REMARK The two axes of the interpolation plane can be primary, secondary,
carried or independent axes.
Example
Machining with tool T05 with two corrections, D05 and D15.
Radius correction R.. of tool T05 is taken into account by reading functions G41 or
G42 and a movement on one of the axes of the plane programmed after D...
%65
N20 T05 D05 M06 Call of tool T05 and correction D05 4
N30 S900 M40 M04
N40 G00 G42 (or G41) X60 Z120 Activation of radius offset R in D05.
N70
N..
N150 G00 G40 Z60 D05 radius offset cancel
N160 G41 (or G42) X100 Z50 D15 Activation of radius offset R in D15
N..
N300 G00 G40 X200 Z100 D15 radius offset cancel
N..
N20
N40
R
R
OP Z
en-938820/5 4 - 77
Tool tip orientation (C) according to the turret position
The tool tip orientation is defined by codes C0 to C8 (see Sec. 1.2.5.2).
Rear turret Front turret
X
C1 C7
X P
C3 C2 C1 P C5 C6 C7 Z
Z
C4 C0 C8 C4 P C0 C8 X
P Z X Z
Z
Z P
C5 C6 C7 P C3 C2 C1
X C1
C7
X
Use of tool corrections (X, Z, R, C) on a lathe with two mechanically coupled turrets
Case of a main front turret.

The dimensions of the tools in the R . . C1
secondary turret are defined with res-
pect to the reference point of the main
turret.
D5 X . .
In this case, the tool tip orientation is

defined with reference to the front posi-
tion of the main turret, i.e. C1.
D5 Z . .
Definition of the tool tip orientation is only
important when radius offset G41 and
G42 are programmed. With G40 (radius Z
OP
offset cancelled), C0 is defined.
D2 Z . .
R . . C1
X
D2 X . .
Main
turret
reference
4 - 78 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.8.4 Positioning the Tool with Respect to the Part
G41 Left radius offset.
The tool paths programmed are corrected R

(offset to the left) by a value equal to the
tool radius (R) declared by corrector D... Tool
path
the correction)
(direction of
LEFT
4
the correction)
(direction of
G42 Right radius offset.
RIGHT
The tool paths programmed are corrected
(offset to the right) by a value equal to the
tool radius (R) declared by corrector D...
Tool
path
Profile to be machined
Syntax
N.. [D..] [G00/G01/G02/G03] G41/G42 X.. Z..
D.. Corrector number containing the tool radius offset.

G41 Radius offset to the left of the profile.
G42 Radius offset to the right of the profile.
X.. Z.. End point.
en-938820/5 4 - 79
G40 Radius offset cancel.
Tool
Control of the theoretical tool cutting centre
point. Radius offset is no longer applied
to the tool.
Theoretical
cutting point
Syntax
N.. [G00/G01] G40 X.. Z..

X.. Z.. End point.

Functions G40, G41 and G42 are modal.
Function G40 is the default function.
Cancellation
Modal functions G41/G42 cancel one another.
Modal function G40 cancels function G41 and G42.
Notes
Functions G41 or G42 allow programming of a part profile in real profile dimensions
without taking the tool radius into account.
With radius correction:
- the paths defining the part profile are followed even if the tool radius used and
stored is smaller or larger than the theoretical tool radius programmed,
- the tool is positioned to the left or right of the profile to be machined with respect
to the direction of movement along the path.
4 - 80 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Radius correction is carried out along a vector perpendicular to the profile with radius
R.. declared in correction D as the vector length.
The following functions must be programmed without radius offset (system in state
G40), or the system returns error message 140.
- M00 (programme stop),
- M01 (optional programme stop),
- M02 (end of programme),
- G52 (programming with respect to the measurement origin).
- $0 (message transmission),
- L100 to L199 and L900 to L959 (programme variables, see Sec. 6.1),
- E800xx and E8x000 to E8x999 (external parameters, see Sec. 6.2).
When changing the direction of correction (change from G41 to G42 or vice versa), 4
it is not necessary to cancel the radius offset by G40.
Tool positioning
At the end of the first block programmed
h
with radius correction (which must be N
ac
pro
linear), the tool centre is positioned:
Ap
- on the normal (N) to the next path,
- offset from the programmed point by
the value of the radius correction (R). Tool
path
Programmed
point
Precaution for positioning the tool Programmed

point
When rapid positioning, provide a clea-
rance with a value higher than the
declared tool radius.
F
Machining
allowance
Clearance
en-938820/5 4 - 81
Radius correction according to the turret position
Lathe with one turret
Rear
turret
Z
X G42
G42 C1 C1
G41
X G41
Z
Front
turret
Lathe with two mechanically coupled turrets

The tool tip orientation (C) is defined with reference to the main turret.
Rear Secondary
main turret turret
C7 C1
G41 G41
Z Z
G41 C7 G41 C1
X
Secondary Front main

turret turret
4 - 82 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Tool outside the profile (line/line or circle/circle)

At the end of the block, the tool centre is Connecting
positioned: circle
- offset from the programmed point, on N
the normal to the next path (angle
≥ 120 degrees) after describing a G42
connecting arc, ≥120° <120°
- on the point of intersection between
the current and next path (angle < 120
degrees).
Intersection G42 4
point
N Connecting
circle
≥120°
<120°
G42
Intersection G42
point
EDCBA@?>=<EDCBA@?>=<
DCBA@?>=<E;:9876;:98765432EDCBA@?>=<
Tool outside the profile (line/circle)

EDCBA@?>=<;:98765432;:98765432EDCBA@?>=<
;:98765432EDCBA@?>=<EDCBA@?>=<;:98765432
At the end of the block, the tool centre is Connecting

EDCBA@?>=<
EDCBA@?>=<
;:98765432EDCBA@?>=<;:98765432EDCBA@?>=<
positioned: ≥90° circle

<;:98765432;:98765432
- offset from the programmed point on

:98765432;;:98765432
the normal to the next path (angle ≥ G42

90 degrees) after describing an
intersecting arc,
<90°
- on the point of intersection between
the current and next path with offset
(angle < 90 degrees). Intersection
point
G42
'&%$#"!'&%$#"!
'&%$#"!'&%$#"!
'&%$#"!'&%$#"!
4 - 83
'&%$#"!'&%$#"!
en-938820/5
XWVUTSRQPYYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJI
'&%$#"!'&%$#"!
YXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGF
'&%$#"!'&%$#"!
'&%$#"!'&%$#"!
YXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGF
us
di
Tool radius
ra
ol
To
Intersection
G42
point
Required radius
us
di
ra
um
im
ax
M
reaches the intersection point between
When the tool size is too large to be

The programmed point is not reached:
path inaccessible), the system returns

The tool follows the path until its centre
the shape of the tool generates a fillet
tangent to one of the programmed paths

(path radius less than the tool radius or
the current and next path with offset.
Tool inside the profile, special cases

between the two consecutive paths.
Tool inside the profile
error message 149.
en-938820/5
YXWVUTSRQPYXWVUTSRQPYXWVUTSRQP
YXWVUTSRQPcba`_^]\[Z_^]\[ZYXWVUTSRQP
ba`_^]\[ZYXWVUTSRQPGFcYXWVUTSRQPcba`_^]\[Z cba`YZ[\]^_XWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<
YXWVUTSRQPcba`_^]\[ZONMLKJIHGFcba`_^]\[ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGF
cba`_^]\[ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGF YXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<cba`EDCBA@?>=<YXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGF
cba`_^]\[ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQPcba`_^]\[ZONMLKJIHGF YXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<YXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<
4 - 84
YXWVUTSRQPcba`_^]\[ZONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQPcba`_^]\[ZONMLKJIHGF YXWVUTSRQPEDCBA@?>=<ONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<
cba`_^]\[ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFcba`_^]\[ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGF YONMLKJIHGFXWVUTSRQPYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFED
cba`_^]\[ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGF YONMLKJIHGFXWVUTSRQPYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGF
YXWVUTSRQPcba`_^]\[ZONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQPcba`_^]\[ZONMLKJIHGF ONMLKJIHGFYXWVONMLKJIHGF
YXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHcbaYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGF ONMLKJIHGFONMLKJIHGF
XWVUTSRQPYYXWVUTSRQP
ISO Programming
Tool retraction
At the start of the first block programmed
with tool radius offset cancelled (must be
a line), the tool centre starts:
- from the normal to the previous path,
- offset from the programmed point by
the value of the radius correction. G40
At the end of the move, the tool centre N

coincides with the programmed point
end point.
G42
4
Examples
Engagement on an outside circle in G03

N.. ...
N.. D04
G03 a
N40 Xa Za
N50 G01 G42 Xb Zb F.. d
N60 G02 Xc Zc Io Ko F.. N
N70 G03 Xd Zd Io’ Ko’
R
N.. o
o' c N'
R
G02 b
ONMLEDCBA@?>=ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<
ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<
ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<LKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<
EDCBA@?>=<
en-938820/5 4 - 85
Contouring an external profile with right radius correction
Unspecified radii = Tool radius
ø 50
ø 50
ø 50
ø 30
ø 30
5
R
ø 30
30 10 20
75
85
95
R=4
j
5 g c
i h f e d b a
X 3
OP Z
4 - 86 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
%37
N20 T03 D03 M06 (COPYING TOOL R=4)
N30 S900 M40 M04
N40 G95 F0.2
N50 G00 X30 Z102 Point a, right radius offset
N60 G92 S3500
N70 G96 S200
N80 G01 Z85 Point b
N90 X50 Point c
N100 X30 Z75 Point d 4
N110 Z70 Point e
N120 G02 X30 Z60 R5 F0.05 Point f
N130 G01 X50 F0.2 Point g
N140 X30 Z40 Point h
N150 Z30 Point i
N160 X60 Point j
N170 G97 S900
N180 G00 G40 G52 X.. Z.. M05 Radius offset cancel
N190 M02
en-938820/5 4 - 87
Machining a groove by reciprocating cuts with alternating radius correction
(G41-G42)
G 42
G00
a
ø 60
10
c b
d e
g f
ø 30 X
Z
30 10 OP
%85
N20 T01 D01 M06 (COPYING TOOL R=4)
N30 S900 M40 M04
N40 G95 F0.1
N50 G00 G42 X80 Z-10 Point a, right correction
N60 G92 S3000
N70 G96 S100
N80 G01 X50 Point b
N90 Z-40 F0.2 Point c
N100 G41 X40 F0.1 Point d, left correction
N110 Z-10 Point e
N120 G42 X30 Point f, right correction
N130 Z-40 F.2 Point g
N140 X80
N150 G97 S900
N160 G00 G40 G52 X.. Z.. M05 Radius offset cancel
N170 M02
4 - 88 en-938820/5
4
ISO Programming
4 - 89
External machining and internal contouring after tool retraction and positioning
5x45 degrees
en-938820/5
ø 40
1x45 degrees

5
e
c
I
50
b
30
,
, ,
ø 80
, ,
d

,
,
f
g

,
,

,
,
h
,
,
1
2
, ,
, ,
Machining paths
, ,
Hole dia. 36
, ,
,
Z
OP
X
Z\]^_àbc[
%72
N20 T01 D01 M06 (OUTSIDE TOOL R=0.8)
N30 S900 M40 M04
N40 G95 F0.12
N50 G00 G41 X84 Z50 Point a, left correction
N60 G92 S3500
N70 G96 S180
N80 G01 X30 Point b
N90 G00 G42 X60 Z55 Point c, right correction
N100 G01 X84 Z43 F0.08 Point d
N110 G97 S900
N120 G00 G40 G52 X.. Z.. Radius offset cancel
N130 T07 D07 M06 (BORING TOOL R=0.4)
N140 G41 X40 Z55 Point a, left correction
N150 G96 S100
N160 G01 Z30 F0.1 Point f
N170 X38 Point g
N190 G00 Z55 Point i
N200 G97 S900
N210 G40 G52 X.. Z.. M05 Radius offset cancel
N220 M02
4 - 90 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.9 Basic Cycles

4.9.1 Cancellation of a Canned Cycle
G80 Canned cycle cancel.
This function cancels canned cycles.
Syntax
N.. G80
4
G80 Canned cycle cancel.

Cancellation
Modal function G80 is cancelled by one of functions G64, G81-G85, G87 or G89.
Example
N..
N110 G00 X.. Z.. Tool positioning
N120 G94 (or G95) F..
N130 G83 Z-10 P8 Drilling cycle
N140 G80 G00 G52 X.. Z.. Cycle cancel
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 91
4.9.2 Constant Pitch Thread Chasing Cycle
G33 Constant pitch thread

chasing cycle.
K
P
This function is used for cutting parallel, XZ
tapered or scroll threads.
The threads can be single or multiple
start and can be cut by straight or angular R Q
X
penetration.
The consecutive passes are carried out
with reducing depths of cut. Z
Syntax
N.. G33 X.. Z.. K..[EA..][EB..]P..[Q..][R..][F..][S..] / [ES..]
G33 Constant pitch thread chasing cycle.

X.. Z.. Tool position at the end of thread cutting with respect to
the programme origin.
K.. Pitch in the thread cutting axis (X or Z) in mm.
EA.. Angle for tapered thread (see Fig. 5).
- The default value of EA = 0: parallel thread cutting
- EA90: scroll thread cutting.
EB.. Tool penetration angle (see Figs. 3 and 4)
- The default value of EB = 0: straight penetration.
- EB > 0: penetration down the thread flank in the
direction of machining.
- EB < 0: penetration down the thread flank
opposite the machining direction.
P.. Total thread depth (including Q).
Q.. Depth of the final sizing pass (included in P)
- Default no sizing pass (omit Q..).
- Q = 0: spring cut required.
4 - 92 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
R.. Length of the tool retraction slope at the end of a pass

(in the thread cutting axis) (see Figs. 1 and 2).
- The default value of R = 0: retraction perpendicular
to the thread cutting axis.
F.. Number of thread starts (format F01) (see Fig. 6).
- Default single start.
S../ES.. Number of passes (format S02 or ES02) (not including
pass Q), default 1 pass:
- S..: Passes with reduced depth of cut,
- ES..: Constant value passes.
Property of the Function 4

Cancellation
Notes
The modal functions present before the G33 cycle are restored after execution of the
cycle.
The thread pitch is applied to the thread cutting axis (axis on which the movement is
largest).
During the cycle, spindle speed override is inhibited (value forced to 100 per cent).
REMARK The maximum possible pitch is limited by the feed rate in mm/min
acceptable by the machine (feed rate = pitch x rotation speed). Refer
to the machine manufacturer’s documentation.
Thread cutting start point

The tool must be backed off from the
material by a clearance (g).
The clearance in the axis of penetration
is mandatory. If the tool positioning and
g
end of thread cutting values in the axis of XZ

penetration are the same, the system
will generate an error message.
g
X
en-938820/5 4 - 93
Cycle Steps
The steps below are given for information. The thread cutting cycle contains only the
main parameters.
N.. ...
N220 G00 Xa Za Rapid to start of thread cutting
N230 G33 Xb Zb K.. P.. S..
N..
Step 1: Tool positioning in X and Z to the

thread cutting start point (point a). 1
Step 2: Rapid advance in the axis of 6
penetration (first pass). a
Step 3: Execution of the first pass in the 5 2
b 3
thread cutting axis Z (point Zb). 4
Step 4: Retraction along X (point Xb).
X
Step 5: Rapid retraction of the penetration
axis.
Step 6: Rapid return to the thread cutting Z
start point.
Successive passes are executed in the
same way as steps 2 to 6 and may be
followed by a spring pass.
4 - 94 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Tool retraction slope at the end the pass defined by R
Thread cutting without retraction slope Thread cutting with retraction slope
FIGURE 1 FIGURE 2
Ro R..
XZ
XZ
4
Penetration defined by EB
Thread cutting by straight penetration Thread cutting by penetration down the
thread flank
FIGURE 3 FIGURE 4 Machining

direction
EB EB
EB0
EB > 0
en-938820/5 4 - 95
Tapered thread cutting, angle defined by EA
The value of EA is positive in the FIGURE 5
counterclockwise direction, modulo 180 Angle > 0°
degrees.
i.e. -45 deg < EA < 45 deg for:
- Z thread cutting axis Thread cutting axis
- X penetration axis.
I.e. EA > 45 deg or EA < -45 deg for: Thread cutting axis
- Z axis of penetration
- X thread cutting axis.
Angle < 0°
Multiple start thread cutting

The offset «d» (pitch) corresponding to FIGURE 6
each start is in the direction opposite the d
thread cutting direction.
Each start will be completed at one depth
before continuing to the next pass depth.
Reminders
Determination of the pass depth (P) for ISO threads.
External thread: 0.613 x pitch
Internal thread: 0.577 x pitch
Determination of the approximate number of passes (S)
S=Px7
Coefficient
Pass depth
Approximate number of passes (integer)
4 - 96 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Examples
Cutting of external tapered thread (5 deg)
b a
R
P
4
X 30°
Q
OP Z
N.. ...
N140 T09 D09 M06 (THREAD CUTTING TOOL, PITCH=1 RH THREAD)
N150 G97 S1000 M40 M03
N160 G00 Xa Za Start of thread cutting
N170 G33 Xb Zb K1 EA175 EB30 P0.61 Q0.02 R4 S5
N.. ...
en-938820/5 4 - 97
Cutting of front threads
ø 100
ø 30
OP Z P
60
N.. ...
$ FRONT THREAD ALONG X
N140 T05 D05 M06 (TOOL R=2)
N150 G97 S200 M40 M03
N160 G00 X110 Z64 Point a, start of thread cutting
N170 G33 X20 Z60 K4 EA90 P2 Q0 S14
N..
4 - 98 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.9.3 Sequenced Thread Cutting
G38 Sequenced thread cutting.

Pitch
This functions allows the execution of

several consecutive thread cutting
blocks.
Pitch
The threads can be cylindrical or tapered.
X 4
Z
Syntax
N.. G38 X.. Z.. K..
G38 Sequenced thread cutting.

X.. Z.. Tool position at the end of thread cutting with respect to
the programme origin.
K.. Pitch in the thread cutting axis (X or Z) in mm.

Cancellation
Function G38 is cancelled by one of functions G00, G01, G02 or G03.
Notes
Different pitches (K) can be programmed in consecutive thread cutting blocks with
G38.
The thread pitch is applied to the thread cutting axis (axis on which the movement is
largest).
The consecutive passes, to obtain the required depth, can be programmed by
subroutine calls (see Sec. 4.11.1).
During execution of the cycle, spindle speed override by potentiometer is inhibited
(value forced to 100 percent).
en-938820/5 4 - 99
Function G38 must be programmed:
- without miscellaneous functions (M) in the cycle blocks,
- without use of constant surface speed (nor retract in step for successive passes).
REMARK The maximum possible pitch is limited by the feed rate in mm/min
acceptable by the machine (feed rate = pitch x rotation speed). Refer
to the machine manufacturer’s documentation.
Example
Sequenced external thread cutting
e
K8
d K6 K4
c
b a
OP Z
N.. ...
N100 T04 D04 M06 (TOOL R=2)
N110 G97 S400 M40 M03
N120 G00 Xa Za Approach point
N130 G38 Xb Zb K4 Cycle with 4 mm pitch
N140 Xc Zc K6 Cycle with 6 mm pitch
N150 Xd Zd K8 Cycle with 8 mm pitch
N160 G00 Xe Ze Cycle cancelled
N..
4 - 100 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.9.4 Drilling, Boring and Tapping Cycles
4.9.4.1 General
G8x Machining cycles in the tool

axis.
Axes programmable with the basic cy- OP

cles: Z
- primary axes X, Z, OP
- secondary axes U, W,
- rotary axes A or C are used only for 4
positioning when the machine is
equipped with them.
Syntax
N.. G8x X.. / Z.. [ER..] [EH..]
G8x Machining cycle.

X.. / Z.. End point on the machining axis.
ER.. Dimension of the approach (or retraction) plane in the
machining axis.
EH.. Dimension of the impact plane in the machining axis.

Functions G8x are modal.
Cancellation
Functions G8x are cancelled by another function G8x or by functions G64, G65, G66.
en-938820/5 4 - 101
Notes
When a cycle (G8x) is programmed, the system must be in state G40 (G41 or G42
tool radius offset cancelled).
! CAUTION
The use of programme variables L900 to L959 (see Chapter 6) is not recommended in a
programme including canned cycles, since some of these variables could be overwritten
when a cycle is called.
Dimensions ER and EH
Dimension ER of the approach (or retraction) plane on the machining axis is assigned
to the primary axis (Z) or the secondary axis (W) programmed last.
Dimension EH of the impact plane on the machining axis is assigned to the primary
axis (Z or X) or the secondary axis (W or U) programmed last.
EH must always be programmed in the same block of the cycle as ER.
Cycle steps with ER (without EH)

Step 1: Rapid positioning (linear or
circular) in the plane then on ER.. Z (or X)
Step 2: Tool penetration to the value

1
programmed on the tool axis (Z).
Step 3: Retraction along the tool axis (Z) ER . . 2 3
up to ER..
ER.. not programmed:

The previous value programmed on the Z axis is used for approach.
ER.. programmed alone:
The tool is positioned in the Z axis.
4 - 102 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Cycle steps with EH and ER

Step 1: Rapid linear positioning in the
axis then on EH.. Z (or X)
Step 2: Tool penetration down to the 1

value programmed on the tool axis (Z or
X).
ER . . 3
Step 3: Retraction along the tool axis (Z
or X) up to ER.. EH . .
2 4
EH and ER.. programmed:

EH differentiates between the impact plane and the backoff plane.
EH.. not programmed and ER.. programmed:
The value of ER is used (ER = EH).
REMARK The above descriptions of the cycle steps with ER alone and with ER
and EH take into account only the start and end planes. For the detail
of these steps, refer to the cycle concerned.
FONMLKJIHGFONMLKJIHG
FONMLKJIHGFONMLKJIHG
EDCBFONMLKJIHGEDCBA@?>=<FONMLKJIHG
FEDCBA@?>=<ONMLYXWVUKJIHGEDCBA@?>=<ONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQP
EDCBA@?>=<ONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQP=<FONMLKJIHGYXWVUTSRQP
XWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGYFYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGF
ONMLKJIHGYXWVUTSRQPFYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGF
YXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFONMLKJIHGYXWVUTSRQPF
YXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFWVUTSRQPHGF
en-938820/5 4 - 103
4.9.4.2 Centre Drilling Cycle
G81 Centre drilling cycle.

X
OP Z
F..
Syntax
N.. G81 X.. / Z.. [ER..] [EH..]
G81 Centre drilling cycle.

ER.. Dimension of the retraction plane on the machining axis.
EH.. Impact plane in the machining axis.

ONMLKJIHGEDCBA@?>=<ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<
Cancellation
Function G81 is cancelled by one of functions G80, G82-G85, G87, G89 or functions
ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<;:98765432
G64, G65, G66.

;:98765432ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<;:98765432ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<
ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<765432
IHGFEDCBA@?>=<EDCBA@?>=<
4 - 104 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Cycle Steps
Step 1: Fast positioning on the machining axis.
Step 2: Infeed at feed rate F..
Step 3: Outfeed at high speed in the tool axis.
Example
Execution of centre drilling.
N.. ...
N50 G00 Xa Za
N60 G94 (or G95) F..
,
X 4
,,
N70 G81 Z-8
N80 G80 G00 X.. Z..
N.. Z a
or OP
N..
N50 G94 (or G95) F..
N60 G81 Xa ERa Z-8 8
N70 G80 G00 X.. Z..
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 105
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cYXWVUTSRQPba`_^]\[Zcba`_^]\[ZYXWVUTSRQP
cYXWVUTSRQPba`_^]\[ZYXWVUTSRQPcba`_^]\[Z
QPcba`_^]\[ZYXWVUTSRcba`_^]\[ZYXWVUTSRQP
4.9.4.3 Counterboring Cycle
G82 Counterboring cycle.
X
OP Z
F..
EF
Syntax
N.. G82 X.. / Z.. [ER..] [EH.] EF..
G82 Counterboring cycle.

EF.. Mandatory dwell expressed in seconds (maximum
99.99 s, format EF022).

Cancellation
Function G82 is cancelled by one of functions G80, G81, G83-G85, G87, G89 or
functions G64, G65, G66.
4 - 106 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Cycle Steps
Step 1: Fast positioning in the machining axis.
Step 3: Dwell at the end of drilling (or boring).
Step 4: Outfeed at high speed on the tool axis.
Example
Execution of counterboring
N.. ...
N50 G00 Xa Za 4
N60 G94 (or G95) F..
N70 G82 Z-5 EF2 X
N80 G80 G00 X.. Z..
Z
N..
a
or OP
N..
N50 G94 (or G95) F.. 5
N60 G82 Xa ERa Z-5 EF2
N70 G80 G00 X.. Z..
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 107
4.9.4.4 Peck Drilling Cycle
G83 Peck drilling cycle. Q P
This cycle can be used for drilling in the X

Z
X or Z axis
OP
F..
Syntax
N.. G83 X.. / Z.. [ER..] [EH..] [P..] / [ES..] [Q..] [EP..] [EF..]
G83 Peck drilling cycle.

ER.. Retraction plane on the machining axis.
P.. Value of first peck.
ES.. Number of infeeds (pecks) at constant value
(see Fig. 1).
Q.. Value of last peck.
NMLKEDCBA@?>OONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<
EP.. Backoff after each peck (default 1 mm).

ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<
EF.. Dwell at the end of each peck.

NMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<OONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<
ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<

NMLKJIHGF?>=<OONMLKJIHGF
ONMLKJIHGF
NMLKJIHGFOONMLKJIHGF
Cancellation
Function G83 is cancelled by one of functions G80-G82, G84, G85, G87 and G89 or
4 - 108 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Notes
If addresses P and Q are programmed, the consecutive pecks between P and Q are
degressive values.
At least one of arguments P and ES must be programmed or the system returns error
message 889.
If the value of P is greater than delta Z, the system returns error message 881.
Notes related to ES (number of constant infeeds)

If P and ES are programmed: Figure 1
The first infeed is equal to P and drilling
is continued as a number ES of infeeds.
With P and ES ES alone 4
If ES is programmed alone (without P):
,
, ,
Drillings/ES
P
All the drilling is executed as a number
, ,
ES of infeeds.
,
Remainder/ES
Cycle Steps
The steps below are given as an illustration. The number of steps depends on the
values programmed in the cycle.
Step 2: First peck to depth P.. in the tool axis at the machining feed rate.
Possible dwell at the end of the peck.
Rapid retraction to the start point.
Rapid infeed to 1 mm (or EP..) above depth P..
Step 3: Second peck at feed rate.
Rapid retraction to the start point.
Rapid infeed to 1 mm (or EP..) above the previous peck.
Steps 4 and 5: Pecks and retractions same as step 3.
Step 6: Peck to depth Q.. at feed rate.
Step 7: Rapid retraction to the start point.
Possible dwell G04 F.. in the start point.
cbYXWVUTSRQcba`_^]\[ZYXWVUTSRQP
4 - 109
cba`_^]\[ZYXWVUTSRQPcba`_^]\[ZYXWVUTSRQP
en-938820/5
\[ZYXWVUTSRQPYXWVUTSRQPcba`_^]\[Z
YXWVUTSRQPcba`_^]\[ZYXWVUTSRQPcba`_^]\[Z
Q P
Clearance
X or Z
X or Z
2
EF
3
EF
4
EF
5
EF
6
EF
(possibly G04)
7
4 - 110 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.9.4.5 Tapping Cycle
G84 Tapping cycle.

X
This cycle is used to tap a hole with a OP Z

floating tap-holder.
EF
F.. Direction
Reversal
of the F..
of rotation
4
direction
of rotation
Syntax
N.. G84 X.. / Z.. [ER..] [EH..] EF..
G84 Tapping cycle.

EF.. Dwell expressed in seconds (maximum 99.99 s, format
EF022, default 1 second).

Cancellation
Function G84 is cancelled by one of functions G80-G83, G85, G87, G89 or functions
G64, G65, G66.
en-938820/5 4 - 111
Notes
In this tapping cycle, since feed is not slaved to spindle rotation, the tap must be
floating to compensate for position errors.
During execution of the cycle, feed rate override by potentiometer is inhibited (value
forced to 100 percent).
Determination of the feed rate in mm/min

F.. = Tap pitch (in mm) x spindle speed rotation (revolutions/minute).
Cycle Steps
Step 2: Infeed at the specified feed rate F..
Step 3: Reversal of the direction of rotation at the end of tapping.
Step 4: Dwell at the end of tapping.
Step 5: Outfeed at the specified feed rate F.. along the tool axis.
Example
Execution of one M8 tapping, pitch 1.25.
N.. ...
N40 S300 M41 M03
N50 G00 Xa Za
N60 G94 (or G95) F.. X
N70 G84 Z-20 EF1
Z a
N80 G80 G00 X.. Z..
N.. OP
or
N.. 20
N50 G94 F375
N70 G80 G00 X.. Z..
N..
4 - 112 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.9.4.6 Rigid Tapping Cycle
G84 Rigid tapping cycle.

X/Z
This cycle slaves the tap to the spindle

rotation. The feed rate is automatically
calculated from the actual spindle speed
and pitch.
KxS
Direction
This cycle can be used to programme
of
tapping in the X or Z axes.
Reversal of the
rotation
4
direction of rotation
Syntax
N.. G84 X.. / Z.. K.. [ER..] [EH..] [EK..]
G84 Tapping cycle.

K.. Tap pitch in mm (K specifies that tapping is rigid).
ER.. Retraction plane in the machining axis.
EK.. Spindle outfeed/infeed ratio (the default value of EK=1).

ONMLKJIHGFONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<

Cancellation
NMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<OONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<
Function G84 is cancelled by one of functions G80-G83, G85, G87 and G89 or
ONMLKJIHGF
en-938820/5 4 - 113
Notes
When the cycle is called, the tool axis (X or Z) is coupled with spindle rotation.
When the tapping axis is not located on the centre line of rotation of the part, the
machine must be equipped with:
- a C axis,
- a measured auxiliary spindle.
During execution of the cycle:
- the following error on the tapping axis is cancelled during feed at constant speed,
- feed rate and spindle speed override by potentiometer is inhibited (value forced
to 100 percent).
In the end-of-tapping region, the spindle is decelerated then rotation is reversed.
At the end of the cycle, the spindle is returned to its initial state.
Rigid tapping can be carried out over several penetrations, but this requires
programming several consecutive blocks.
Rigid tapping can be carried out over several penetrations, but this requires
programming several consecutive blocks.
With rigid tapping, the system returns error message 899 in the following cases:
- use with an axis group number above 5,
- use with a spindle number above 2,
- the axis group does not control the spindle used or does not provide its
measurement.
Tapping Clearance
Before starting the cycle, sufficient clearance must be provided to allow the tapping
axis to reach correct speed before impacting the material. This clearance depends
on the required tapping speed and the acceleration allowed on the axis. The following
chart can be used to approximate the clearance required.
Use of the chart for tapping an M10 hole (pitch = 1.5 mm), for instance:
- rotation speed = 320 rpm,
- axis feed rate = 480 mm/min or 0.48 m/min,
- acceleration = 0.5 m/s2.
4 - 114 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Required clearance read on the chart: approximately 4 mm
Clearance
in mm
10 0,5 m/s2
4 1 m/s2
2 2 m/s2
0
0,5 1 Speed on
4
the axis
in m/min
Cycle Steps
X/Z
4 3 2
5
6 7 8
Step 1: Rapid to start of hole (provide clearance).

Step 2: Infeed with acceleration of the spindle speed and feed rate.
Step 3: Feed at constant speed.
Step 4: Deceleration before reaching depth.
Step 5: Reversal of the direction of rotation.
Step 6: Retraction with acceleration over a distance equal to the deceleration.
Step 7: Feed at constant speed.
Step 8: Return of the spindle to the initial state.
en-938820/5 4 - 115
Examples
Execution of one M10 hole, pitch 1.50

N.. ...
N130 G97 S200 M41 M03
N140 G00 Xa Za
N150 G84 Z-30 K1.5 EK2
N160 G80 G00 G52 X.. Z.. X
Z a
OP
30
Execution of one tapped hole with several consecutive penetrations

N.. ...
N240 G97 S400 M41 M03
N250 G00 Xa Za
N260 G84 Zb K.. EK..
N270 Zc
N280 Zd
N290 G80 G00 G52 X.. Z.. d c b a
N.. Z
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PYXWVUTSRQPYXWVUTSRQ
PONMYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQ
PONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRcba`_^]\[Q
ONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQPcba`_^]\[ZONMLKJIHGFZYXWVUTSRQP
ONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFYXWVUTSRQP
GFYXWVUTSRQPYXWVUTSRQP
4 - 116 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.9.4.7 Boring Cycle
G85 Boring cycle.
X
OP Z
F..
4
Syntax
N.. G85 X.. / Z.. [ER..] [EH..] [EF..]
G85 Boring cycle.

EF.. Retraction rate (default = feed rate F..).

Cancellation
Function G85 is cancelled by one of functions G80-G84, G87 and G89 or functions
G64, G65, G66.
en-938820/5 4 - 117
Cycle Steps
Step 3: Outfeed at feed rate F.. along the tool axis.
Example
Execution of a bore.
N.. ...
N50 G00 Xa Za
N60 G94 (or G95) F..
N70 G85 Z-25 Z
N80 G80 G00 X.. Z..
N.. X a
or OP
N..
N50 G94 (or G95) F.. 25
N60 G85 Xa ERa Z-25
N70 G80 G00 X.. Z..
4 - 118 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.9.4.8 Drilling Cycle with Chip Breaking
Q P
G87 Drilling cycle with chip
breaking.
X
Z
This cycle is used to programme
machining in the X or Z axes. OP
F..
Syntax
N.. G87 X.. / Z.. [ER..] [EH..] [P..] / [ES..] [Q..] [EP..] [EF..]
G87 Drilling cycle with chip breaking.

ER.. Retraction plane in the machining axis.
;:98765432;:98765432
EH.. Impact plane in the machining axis

EDCBA;:98765432EDCBA@?>=<;:98765432
EDCBA;:98765432@?>=<EDCBA;:98765432@?>=<
P.. Value of first infeed.

EDCBA@?>=<;:98765432EDCBA@?>=<;:98765432
EDCBA;:98765432@?>=<)*EDCBA;:98765432@?>=<
ES.. Number of infeeds at constant value (see Fig. 1)

EDCBA@?>=<;:98765432EDCBA@?>=<;:98765432
EDCBA;:98765432@?>=<EDCBA;:98765432@?>=<
Q.. Value of last infeed.

@?>=<;:98765432;:98765432
;:98765432
EP.. Backoff between two infeeds (default no backoff,

EP = 0).
EF.. Dwell at the end of each infeed.

Cancellation
Function G87 is cancelled by one of functions G80-G85 and G89 or functions G64,
G65, G66.
en-938820/5 4 - 119
Notes
If addresses P and Q are programmed, the consecutive infeeds between P and Q are
degressive values.
At least one of arguments P and ES must be programmed or the system returns error
message 889.
If the value of P is greater than delta Z, the system returns error message 881.
Notes related to ES (number of constant infeeds)

If P and ES are programmed: Figure 1
The first infeed is equal to P and drilling
With P and ES ES alone
is continued as a number ES of infeeds.
If ES is programmed alone (without P):
,
,,
Drillings/ES
P
All the drilling is executed as a number
ES of infeeds.
, ,
Remainder/ES
, ,
, ,

, ,
, ,
, ,
, ,
4 - 120 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Cycle Steps
The steps below are given as an illustration. The number of steps depends on the
values programmed with the cycle.
Q P
Clearance
X or Z
X or Z
4
2
3
4
5 EF
EF
EF
6
EF (possibly G04)
Step 2: First infeed of depth P.. at programmed feed rate.
Possible dwell at the end of the infeed.
Steps 3 and 4: Consecutive infeeds and dwells as step 2.
Step 5: Infeed depth Q.. at the feed rate.
Step 6: Rapid retraction in the tool axis.

Possible dwell G04 F.. at the start point.
en-938820/5 4 - 121
4.9.4.9 Boring Cycle with Dwell at the Bottom of the Hole
G89 Boring cycle with dwell at the

bottom of the hole.
X
OP Z
F..
EF F..
Syntax
N.. G89 X.. / Z.. [ER..] [EH..] EF..
G89 Boring cycle with dwell at the bottom of the hole.

EF.. Mandatory dwell expressed in seconds (maximum
99.99 s, format EF022, the default value of
EF = 1 second).

Cancellation
Function G89 is cancelled by one of functions G80-G85, G87 or functions G64, G65,
G66.
4 - 122 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Cycle Steps
Step 2: Infeed at the feed rate F..
Step 3: Dwell at the end of boring
Step 4: Outfeed at the feed rate F.. along the tool axis.
Example
Execution of a bore.
N.. ...
N50 G00 Xa Za 4
N60 G94 (or G95) F..
N70 G89 Z-25 EF1 X
N80 G80 G00 X.. Z..
N.. Z a
or OP
N..
N50 G94 (or G95) F.. 25
N70 G80 G00 X.. Z..
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 123
4.9.4.10 Examples of Programming Cycles
Drilling in the Z axis (cycle G83 or G87)
50
20
X
b a
ø 22
OP Z
%62
N10...
N.. G92 S3500
N.. ...
N120 T06 D06 M06 (CARBIDE DRILL D=22)
N130 G97 S900 M40 M03
N150 G96 X22 S100
N160 G95 F0.15
N170 G83 (or G87) Z20 P10 Q5 Point b, cycle
N180 G97 S900
N190 G80 G00 G52 X.. Z.. Cycle cancellation
N..
GHIJKLMNOFEDCBA@?>=<EDCBA@?>=<
4 - 124 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Execution of two grooves in the X axis (cycle G83 or G87)
ø 58
b a
1
ø 50
4
ø 46
OP Z
15
30
%56
N10...
N.. G92 S3000
N..
N.. ...
N220 T08 D08 M06 (GROOVING TOOL L=4)
N230 G97 S900 M40 M04
N240 G16 P+ Tool axis orientation on X+
N250 G00 X60 Z-15 Point a
N260 G96 S50
N270 G95 F0.1
N280 G83 (or G87) X50 P2 Q1 G04 F1 Cycle
N290 X46 Z-30 Point b, cycle repeat
N300 G97 S900
N310 G80 G16 R+ G00 G52 X.. Z.. Cycle cancellation
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 125
Execution of three front grooves along the Z axis (cycle G82) with positioning on
different levels using ER
Grooves with radius 3, depth 3.
10
5
ø 80
1
,
, ,
, ,
a
, ,
b
,
c
X
OP
ø 30
ø 50
ø 70
Z
%72
N10...
N.. G92 S200
N..
N..
N190 T06 D06 M06 (GROOVE CUTTER R3)
N200 G97 S900 M04 M40
N210 G00 Z10
N220 G96 X80 S40
N230 G95 F0.08
N240 G82 X70 Z-3 ER1 EF2 Point a, cycle
N250 X50 Z-13 ER-9 Point b, cycle
N260 ER-4
N270 X30 Z-8 EF1 Point c, cycle
N280 G97 S900
N290 G80 G00 G52 X.. Z.. Cycle cancellation
N..
4 - 126 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.9.4.11 Table Summarising Cycles G81 to G89
CYCLES G81 G82 G83 G84 G85 G87 G89
Peck Drilling with Boring with dwell

Centre drilling Counterboring Tapping Reaming
drilling chip breaking in bottom of hole
SEQUENCE
OF MOVEMENTS
Downward Work Work Rapid then Work Work Work Work

work with n with n
consecutive consecutive
penetrations
(P, Q)
penetrations
(P, Q) 4
Number of Programmed Programmed
constant infeeds by ES by ES
Retraction after Rapid

infeed
Clearance after Programmed
pecking by EP
Backoff between Programmed

2 infeeds by EP
Dwell on Programmed Programmed

each infeed by EF by EF
Dwell Programmed Programmed Programmed Programmed

by EF by EF on a by EF by EF
combination
HOLE machine used
for turning
Spindle Reversal
of rotation
BOTTOM Retraction
in the plane
Outfeed Rapid Rapid Rapid Work Work Rapid at Work

rate of other the end of
feed rate if penetration
EF present
en-938820/5 4 - 127
4.10 Other Machining Cycles
4.10.1 Rough Turning/Facing Cycle
G64 Turning/Facing cycle. K

Programmed
blank
This function is used to rough a volume
of material located between the specified
dimensions of a given blank profile and a
finished profile.
This turning or facing cycle can be used
I
for external or internal working. X Finished profile
Syntax
N.. G64 [N.. N..] / [EP..] [I.. K..] P.. / R..
N.. BLANK DEFINITION
G64 Turning/Facing cycle.

N.. N.. Numbers of the first and last block defining the finished
profile (minimum two blocks, maximum 50 blocks).
EP.. Number of the contour created with the PROFIL
function (see PROFIL User’s Manual)
I.. Finishing allowance in X.
- The default value of I = 0.
K.. Finishing allowance in Z.
- The default value of K = 0.
P.. / R.. Cut depth (unsigned).
P: depth of cut in X (turning)
R: width of cut in Z (facing)
N.. BLANK DEFINITION Sequence of blocks defining the blank dimensions
(these blocks are located between G64 and the cycle
cancellation code G80).
4 - 128 en-938820/5
ISO Programming

Cancellation
Cycle Steps
4
1
5
4 3 2
Z
Step 1: Tool positioning in XZ.
Step 2: Rapid to pass depth (to depth «P» for turning).
Step 3: Execution of the first pass at the feed rate.
Step 4: Lift along the profile at the feed rate.
Step 5: Rapid return to the cycle start point.
Execution of the following passes in the same way as steps 2 to 5, then retraction.
en-938820/5 4 - 129
Notes
When the cycle is programmed, the system must be in state G40 (G41 or G42 tool
radius offset cancelled).
The feed rate and its argument can be programmed in the cycle block, e.g.:
N.. G64 N.. N.. I.. K.. P.. G95 F0.25
Notes on definition of the finished profile

Both first and last blocks N.. to N.. defining the finished profile dimensions must
include both coordinates X and Z as they may be analysed in reverse order.
Addresses I and K must be signed according the direction of the machining allowance
(e.g. «I-..» for a bore).
The cycle will not execute any grooves (in the face or on diameter) included in the
definition of the finished profile.
At the end of the cycle, the system is left in G0 mode.
The finished profile definition can be placed before the cycle call, but in this case it
is necessary to use branch function G79 (see Sec. 4.11.3).
The following programme variables cannot be used in the finished profile definition:
The following programme variables cannot be used in the finished profile definition.
Otherwise, the system returns error message 96:
- L100-L199
- L900-L959 (see Sec. 6.1).
(The only case where these variables can be used is when M999 is programmed, see
Sec. 4.15.9.)
Notes on the blank definition

The blank definition cannot contain:
- PGP (Profile geometry Programming) blocks,
- a block defining a curve.
The blank definition blocks can include miscellaneous M functions.
4 - 130 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
The roughing cycle uses P or R to determine turning or facing, plus the directional
sense of increasing/decreasing dia. from the blank definition, to determine internal/
external working.
Rough turning
N200 ... A B First
N210 G64 N.. N.. I.. K.. P4 P pass
N220 X.. Z.. Point A P
N230 Z.. Point B
N240 X.. Z.. Point C
C
N250 X.. Point D
N260 G80 G52 X.. Z..
N.. D
4
X
Rough facing
N200 ... D C First
N210 G64 N.. N.. I.. K.. R4 pass
N220 X.. Z.. Point A R
N230 X.. Point B
B
N250 Z.. Point D
R
N260 G80 G52 X.. Z..
N.. A
X
en-938820/5 4 - 131
The pass depth defined in the cycle block (P or R) can be modified during the blank
definition blocks.
Example
P4
A B
N200 ...
N210 G64 N.. N.. I.. K.. P4
N220 X.. Z.. Point A
P2
N230 Z.. Point B C
N250 X.. P2 Point D,
new P
N260 G80 G52 X.. Z.. D
N.. X
4 - 132 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Examples
Roughing an external profile by facing
ø 110
5 to 45°
Hole diameter 20
4
ø 40
5
R
30
50
Machining paths
C B
5 g
e
d
c
A
X
b a
OP Z 5
en-938820/5 4 - 133
%46
N20 T01 D01 M06 (FACING TOOL R=0.8)
N30 S900 M40 M04
N40 X120 Z55 Point B, tool at the start of roughing
N50 G92 S3500
N60 G96 S200
N70 G95 F0.2
N80 G64 N140 N210 I0.4 K0.2 R3 Cycle
N90 X16 Z55 Point (A)
N100 X120 Point (B) Blank definition
N110 Z20 Point (C)
N120 G80 G52 X.. Z.. G97 S900 Cycle cancellation
N130 T03 D03 M06 (COPYING TOOL R=0.4)
N140 G42 X16 Z55 Point a, tool at the start of finishing
N150 G96 S250
N160 G01 Z50 F0.1 Point b
N170 X30 Point c
N180 G03 X40 Z45 R5 Point d
N190 G01 Z30 Point e
N200 X100 Point f
N210 X120 Z20 Point g
N220 G00 G40 G52 X.. Z.. G97 S900 M05
N230 M02
Changes required to programme %46 for turning.
N80 G64 N140 N210 I0.4 K0.2 P3 Address R replaced by P

N90 X120 Z20
N100 Z55 Blank definition reversed
N110 X16
4 - 134 en-938820/5
4
ISO Programming
4 - 135
ø 56
ø 48
en-938820/5
1 x 1 chamfer
ø 30
B
C
h
a
b
3
d
c
1 to 45°
Roughing of an internal profile by turning
42
37

A
e

f

g

,

15

,
,
2

,
,

,
,
Z

,
,

,
,
Machining paths

,
,
OP

,
,

,
,

,
,

,
,
, ,
, ,
Hole dia. 20
%48
N30 S900 M40 M04
N50 G92 S3500
N60 G96 S100
N70 G95 F0.15
N80 G64 N140 N210 I-0.2 K0.1 P2 Cycle
N90 X16 Z12 Point (A)
N100 Z45 Point (B) Blank definition
N110 X64 Point (C)
N150 G96 S120
N160 G01 X56 Z41 F0.08 Point b
N170 Z37 Point c
N180 X48 Point d
N190 X30 Z15 Point e
N200 X22 Point f
N210 X16 Z12 Point g
N220 G00 Z45 G97 S900 Point h
N230 G40 G52 X.. Z.. M05
N240 M02
4 - 136 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Roughing of an external profile by turning (preformed blank profile)
ø116
ø100
ø80
ø70
5
R
5 à 45°
ø60
0
R1
ø56
4
10 5 15
40
80
Machining paths
A B
i C
h
g D
f
e
c b E
d
a
OP Z
en-938820/5 4 - 137
%62
N20 T01 D01 M06 (BIDIRECTIONAL TOOL R=0.8)
N30 S900 M40 M04
N40 X120 Z-30 Point B, tool at the start of roughing
N50 G92 S3500
N60 G96 S180
N70 G95 F0.25
N80 G64 N170 N270 I0.3 K0.2 P4 Cycle
N90 X120 Z-80 Point (A)
N100 Z-40 Point (B)
N110 X80 Z-20 Point (C) Blank definition
N120 X70 Z5 Point (D)
N130 X40 P2 Point (E)
N140 G97 S900
N150 G80 G52 X.. Z.. Cycle cancellation
N160 T03 D03 M06 (COPYING TOOL R=0.4)
N180 G96 S250
N190 G01 X60 Z-5 F0.1 Point b
N200 Z-15 Point c
N210 X56 Z-20 Point d
N220 G02 X70 Z-30 R10 Point e
N230 G01 X80 Z-40 Point f
N240 X90 Point g
N250 G03 X100 Z-45 R5 Point H
N260 G01 Z-80 Point i
N270 X120 Point j
N280 G00 G40 G52 X.. Z.. G97 S900 M05
N230 M02
4 - 138 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Roughing then finishing by turning of a profile defined by two points (a and b).
ø 50 A B
5
b
X
20
C
R
4
ø 10
OP Z
5
%64
N20 T01 D01 M06 (TOOL R=0.8)
N30 S900 M40 M04
N50 G96 S300
N60 G92 S3000
N70 G95 F0.3
N80 G64 N150 N160 P3 I0.2 K0.2 Cycle
N90 X60 Z-20 Point A
N100 Z5 Point B Blank definition
N110 X10 Point C
N130 T03 D03 M06 (OUTIL R=0.4)
N140 X10 Z2 Approach point
N150 G42 G01 X10 Z0 Point a
N160 G03 X50 Z-20 I10 K-20 Point b
N170 G01 G40 X54 G97 S900 Retraction point
N180 G00 G52 X.. Z.. M05
N190 M02
en-938820/5 4 - 139
4.10.2 Groove Roughing Cycle
G65 Groove roughing cycle.

N..
This function is used to rough a groove K

whose profile is programmed during N..
definition of a finished profile.
The cycle executes axial grooves by X
turning and front grooves by facing.
I Finished
profile
Syntax
N.. G65 [N.. N..] / [EP..] X.. / Z.. [I.. K..] [EA..] P.. / R.. [Q..] [EF..]
G65 Groove roughing cycle.

N.. N.. First and last finished profile block numbers. The groove
profile must be located between these blocks (maximum
50 blocks).
EP.. Number of the contour created with the PROFIL function
(see PROFIL User’s Manual).
X.. / Z.. End of cut position in the appropriate axis.
- X for front rough facing,
- Z for axial rough turning.
I.. Finishing allowance in X.
- The default value of I = 0.
K.. Finishing allowance in Z.
- The default value of K = 0.
EA.. Cut introduction angle in the groove (see Fig. 1).
P.. / R.. Cut depth (unsigned).
P: depth of cut in X (turning).
R: width of cut in Z (facing).
Q.. Positioning clearance (see Fig. 2).
- The default value of Q = 0 (approach distance without
clearance at the machining feed rate).
EF.. Material penetration feed rate.
- The default value of EF is the same as the modal feed
rate F.
4 - 140 en-938820/5
ISO Programming

Cancellation
Cycle Steps
4
1
5 A
2
4 6
3
Z
Step 1: Tool positioning (point A, cycle start).
Before the cycle start, the system takes into account the declared tool radius.
Step 2: Infeed at the introduction angle at the machining feed rate (to depth P for
turning).
Step 3: Execution of the pass at the machining feed rate.
Step 4: Retraction at the machining feed rate along the groove profile.
Step 5: Rapid return to the perpendicular over the start point for the next pass.
Step 6: Positioning at the machining feed rate (if Q with a value not programmed).
The following passes are executed in the same way as steps 2 to 6.
After execution of the last pass, the tool retracts at rapid to the cycle start point.
en-938820/5 4 - 141
Notes
Both the finished profile definition blocks N.. to N.. must include both the coordinates
X and Z.
Tool positioning to the cycle start must be programmed in G40 (G41 or G42 radius
offset cancelled).
The feed rate function and argument can be programmed in the cycle block, e.g.:
N.. G65 N.. N.. I.. K.. P.. G95 F0.1.
Notes on argument EA
- EA: cut introduction angle defines a
line from the cycle start point (point A) to Figure 1
the intersection with the finished profile.
R
After positioning to the start point, the
system reads the declared tool radius A
(R) before executing the first pass.
EA
Finished
profile
Notes on argument Q
After the first pass, when argument Q is
programmed with its value, the approach Figure 2
distance before each new cut is carried Start
out in two steps: point
- At high speed up to value Q,
- At the machining feed rate until the P
start of the next pass. Q
Finished
profile
4 - 142 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Cycle used for dia. or face machining
Dia. roughing
N..
N70 ...
P
N80 G65 N.. N.. Z.. I.. K.. EA.. P.. Start
N90 G52 X.. Z.. N..
N..
Z
X
4
Z
Face roughing
N70 ... N..
N80 G65 N.. N.. X.. I.. K.. EA.. R..
N90 G52 X.. Z.. Start
N..
R
X
N..
Z
en-938820/5 4 - 143
Example
Roughing an axial groove
1 to 45° 1 to 45°
5
45°
R
ø 52
ø 30
ø 50
10 15
40
Machining paths
4
A
1
b
g
c a
f
2
e d
X
OP Z
4 - 144 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
%34
N20 T03 D03 M06 (GROOVE ROUGHING TOOL R=0.4)
N30 S900 M03 M40
N40 X52 Z-15 Point A, tool at the start of the groove
N45 G92 S3000
N50 G96 S100
N60 G95 F0.2
N70 G65 N100 N180 Z-40 I0.2 K0.1 EA-135 P2
N80 G52 X..Z.. G97 S900
N90 T05 D05 M06 (SLIDING TOOL R=0.8) 4
N100 G42 X44 Z2 Point a, tool at the start of the profile
N110 G96 S250
N120 G01 X50 Z-1 F0.1 Point b
N130 Z-15 Point c
N150 Z-35 Point e
N160 G02 X40 Z-40 R5 Point f
N170 G01 X50 Point g
N180 X60 Z-45 Point h
N190 G00 G40 G52 X.. Z.. G97 S900 M05
N.. ...
en-938820/5 4 - 145
4.10.3 Plunging Cycle
G66 Plunging cycle.
This function is used to rough a dia. or

frontal groove by consecutive D1 D2
penetrations.
XZ
X R
Syntax
N.. G66 D.. X.. Z.. [EA..] P../R.. [EP..] [EF..]
G66 Plunging cycle.

D.. Number of the second grooving tool correction (the first
correction must be programmed in one of the previous
blocks, see Fig. 1).
X.. Z.. Groove machining end point (see Fig. 2).
EA.. Angle defining the slope across the groove bottom (see
Fig. 2).
- The default value of EA = 0 (no slope).
P../R.. Step between each penetration.
P..: value along X (frontal groove).
R..: value along Z (dia. groove).
EP.. Retraction (at 45 degrees) at the end of the pass (see
example of special use of the cycle).
EF.. Dwell at the end of each penetration in seconds (Format
F022).
- The default value of EF = 0.
4 - 146 en-938820/5
ISO Programming

Cancellation
Cycle Steps
4
1
A
2 4
Z
Step 1: Tool positioning above the material (point A, cycle start).
The first tool correction corresponding to the start side of the groove must be
programmed in this block or in one of the previous blocks.
Step 2: Penetration at the machining feed rate (to the groove bottom point possibly
modified by angle EA).
Step 3: Retraction at the machining feed rate.
Step 4: Rapid movement by the value of the step for execution of the next penetration
(taking into account the correction corresponding to the other side of the groove).
Execution of the following passes in the same way as steps 2 to 4 until reaching the
end of the groove.
After execution of the last pass, retraction clear of the material.
en-938820/5 4 - 147
Notes
The tool penetrations are uniformly distributed over the width of the groove. In certain
cases, the system recomputes the programmed step.
N.. G66 D.. X.. Z.. R.. EA.. EF.. G95 F0.1.
Declaration of the two tool corrections
Example: FIGURE 1
Correction D05: Groove start side along
Z (point A).
Correction D15: Groove end side along Turret
Z (point XZ). origin
The difference in value between the two D15

ZA
corrections must be equal to the tool D05
width.
X
XZ
Z
Notes on arguments XZ and EA

The groove bottom slope is defined from
the groove end point (point XZ) to the FIGURE 2
intersection with the groove start side.
Start side
EA
XZ
4 - 148 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Examples
Plunging an axial groove
ø 60
A
10 °
XZ
ø 46
X 4
Z
OP 30
50
N.. ...
N220 T05 D05 M06 (GROOVING TOOL L=6)
N230 G97 S900 M40 M03
N240 X66 Z30 Point A
N250 G96 S80
N260 G95 F0.1
N270 G66 D15 X46 Z50 EA10 R5 EF0.5 Cycle
N280 G52 X.. Z.. G97 S900 M05
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 149
Special use of cycle G40 with EP
EP can be added to the cycle syntax to rough a diameter.
45°
ø 80
P5
3
EP
XZ
ø 40
X
Z
OP
50
N.. ...
$0 TURNING, DIAMETER 40
N110 T01 D01 M06 (BIDIRECTIONAL TOOL R=08)
N120 G97 S900 M40 M03
N130 X70 Z5 Point A
N140 G96 S200
N150 G95 F0.3
N160 G66 X40 Z-50 P5 EP3 Cycle
N170 ...
4 - 150 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.10.4 Roughing Cycle with Groove
G63 Roughing cycle with groove. (EZ) XZ Programmed

blank
This function is used for roughing a vo-
lume of material located between the
definition of a blank and a finished pro-
file.
The cycle will machine a groove whose X
profile is compatible with the geometry
and radius of the tool used. It can be Finished
carried out by facing or turning and for profile
ER
4
external or internal machining.
Z
Syntax
N.. G63 [N.. N..] / [EP..] X.. Z.. EX.. / EZ.. P.. / R.. EA.. / EU.. / EW.. [EB..] [EC..]
[ER..] [Q..] [EQ..] [EF..]
G63 Roughing cycle with groove.

N.. N.. First and last block numbers defining the finished profile
(maximum 95 blocks).
EP.. Number of the contour created with the PROFIL function
(see PROFIL User’s Manual).
X.. Z.. (or U.. W..) Cycle start point.
EZ.. / EX.. Pass end point on the roughing axis:
- EZ for rough turning along Z.
- EX for rough facing along X.
Direction of roughing pass execution:
- Z+ if EZ > Z Z- if EZ < Z
- X+ if EX > X X- if EX > Z
P.. / R.. Pass depth:
- P: value along X (rough turning)
- R: value along Z (rough facing).
en-938820/5 4 - 151
EA../EU../EW.. Roughing pass start positions (see Figs. 1 and 2).
These arguments are programmed to define a start angle
for cut application and can be combined: EA EU, EA EW
or EU EW.
EB.. Maximum groove penetration angle.
Angle used to take into account the groove profile geometry
and the tool rake angle (α) (see Fig. 3).
- By default, EB is parallel to the roughing axis.
EC.. Maximum cut exit angle.
Angle used to take into account the groove profile geometry
and the tool angle of attack (K) (see Fig. 4).
- By default, EC is perpendicular to the roughing axis.
ER.. Finishing allowance.
Value applied normal to the profile.
- The default value of ER = 0.
Q.. Positioning clearance.
Approach distance at feed rate before contact with the
material (for rapid to next cut depth).
- The default value of Q = 0 (no clearance).
EQ.. Minimum chip value.
- Below the programmed value, the pass is not executed.
EF.. Penetration feed rate in the material.
- The default value of EF is the same as the modal feed
rate F.

Cancellation
4 - 152 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Cycle Steps
Description of the first rough turning and grooving passes
1
5 XZ
4
3 2 4
7 2
3
6 5
4 1
Rough turning pass

Step 1: Tool positioning to X Z.
Before the cycle begins, the system reads the declared tool radius .
Step 2: Rapid to first cut depth P (for turning).
Step 3: Execution of the first pass at the machining feed rate.
Step 4: Lift along the profile at the machining feed rate.
After execution of the last roughing pass, the tool is retracted from the surface and
positioned in X.
en-938820/5 4 - 153
Grooving pass
Step 1: Rapid positioning in X.
Step 2: Rapid positioning in Z.
Step 3: Positioning in X at the machining feed rate.
Step 4: Cut application at the machining feed rate along the groove profile.
Step 5: Execution of the pass at the machining feed rate.
Step 6: Lift at the machining feed rate along the groove profile.
After execution of the last pass, the tool is retracted from the surface and positioned
in X.
Notes
The number of blocks from N.. to N.. must not exceed 95. Otherwise, the system
returns error message 92.
The finished profile definition can be programmed before the cycle call, but in this
case it is necessary to use the branch function G79 (see Sec. 4.11.3).
The cycle arguments defining positive angles are specified counterclockwise.
N.. G63 N.. N.. X.. Z.. EZ.. P.. EA.. EB.. ER.. Q.. EQ.. EF.. G95 F0.3
4 - 154 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Notes on arguments EA, EU and EW

- EA: Angle limiting the start of cut
Figure 1
application between point XZ (cycle start)
and intersection with the finished profile.
(If there is no intersection, the last pass
is limited to the first point of the finished XZ
profile).
Pass
After positioning to point XZ, the system setting
reads the declared tool radius before EA
carrying out the first cut application.
Roughing angle
Intersection with
finished profile
4
Z
- EU or EW: End point of the last

roughing pass. If argument EA is not Figure 2
programmed, the values declared with
EU and/or EW and XZ (cycle start) are
used to define the cut application start XZ
angle (A).
Cut
application
A
EU
or
EW
Roughing angle
Z
The angle is also used to differentiate between applying the cut at feedrate or rapid
for a groove or not, respectively:
- Machining feed rate (in the material) if the angle between the cut application line
and the roughing axis is > 90 degrees.
- Traversing rate (off the material) if the angle between the cut application line and
the roughing axis is < 90 degrees.
en-938820/5 4 - 155
Definition of EB and EC
Angle defined by EB Angle defined by EC
Figure 3 Figure 4
K
α
EC
EB
Machining of a groove limited by declaration of angles EB and EC.

When the groove profile and tool geometry are completely incompatible, the groove
is not executed.
Part
machined
Part
EB machined
EC
EC
X
X
EB
Z
Z
4 - 156 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Cycle differences between turning and facing

Rough turning EZ XZ
N70 ... P
N80 G63 N.. N.. X.. Z.. EZ.. P.. EU.. EB.. ER..
N90 G52 X.. Z..
N..
EU
X ER
Z
4
Rough facing EW R XZ
N70 ...
N80 G63 N.. N.. X.. Z.. EX.. R.. EW.. EC.. ER..
N90 G52 X.. Z..
N..
EX
X ER
en-938820/5 4 - 157
Examples
Rough and finish turning of an external profile
ø 90
5 to 45°
5 to 45°
ø 50
12
ø 30
R
2 Hole dia. 22
ø 26
ø 36
40
60 5
70 12
90
Machining paths
50
EZ XZ
l
5
40°
k
j
i h
g
d
f e c
X b a
ø 20
OP Z 5
4 - 158 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
%32
N20 T01 D01 M06 (SLIDING TOOL R=0.8)
N30 S900 M40 M04
N40 X100 Z50 Tool position at the start of roughing
N50 G92 S3500
N60 G96 S200
N70 G95 F0.25
N80 G63 N110 N230 X100 Z50 EZ30 P2 EA-40 EB-145 ER0.4 Q2 EQ1 EF0.1
N90 G52 X.. Z..
N100 T03 D03 M06 (COPYING TOOL R=0.4) 4
N120 G96 S250
N140 X26 F0.1 Point c
N150 X36 Z82 Point d
N160 X30 Z75 Point e
N170 Z70 Point f
N180 X40 Point g
N200 Z60 Point i
N210 G02 X50 Z40 R12 Point j
N220 G01 X80 Point k
N230 X100 Z30 Point l
N240 G40 G52 X.. Z.. G97 S900 M05
N250 M02
en-938820/5 4 - 159
4 - 160
en-938820/5
Drilled hole dia. 10
3 ø 84
a
Machining paths
c
b
d
e
R3
R6
OP
g
20
f
2 to 45°
15
14
R1
5
5
X
XZ
h
Z
ø 20 ø 50 ø 70
Rough and finish facing of an external profile
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;:9876543210/.-,+*)(:9876543210/.-,+*)(;
:9876543210/.-,+*)(;;:9876543210/.-,+*)(
Undimensioned radius = tool R
;:9876543210/.-,+*)(
<
=
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?
@
A
B
C
D
E(
)
*
+
,
-
.
/
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
:
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EDCBA@?>=<#"!;:9876543210/.-,+*)(

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B
C
D
E(
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+
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
:
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"
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
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:
;'&%$#"!;:9876543210/.-,+*)(EDCBA@?>'&%$#"!;:9876543210/.-,+*)(
;:9876543210/.-,+*)(;:9876543210/.-,+*)(
;:9876543210/.-,+*)( :9876543210/.-,+*)(;;:9876543210/.-,+*)(
;:9876543210/.-,+*)(:9876543210/.-,+*)(;
0/.-,+*)(1;:98765410/.-,+*)(
ISO Programming
%39
N20 T07 D07 M06 (FACING TOOL =0.8)
N30 S900 M40 M04
N50 G92 S3500
N60 G96 S200
N70 G95 F0.2
N80 G63 N110 N190 X90 Z5 EX0 R2 EA-180 EB-150 EC-170 ER0.2 Q1 EF0.1
N90 G52 X.. Z..
N100 T09 D09 M06 (COPYING TOOL R=0.4) 4
N110 G41 X90 Z-25 Point a, tool at the start of finishing
N120 G96 S250
N130 G01 X80 Z-20 F0.1 Point b
N140 X70 Point c
N150 G03 X50 Z-15 R6 Point d
N160 G02 X40 Z-14 R3 Point e
N170 G03 X20 Z0 R15 Point f
N180 G01 X0 Point g
N190 G00 Z5 Point h
N200 G40 G52 X.. Z.. G97 S900 M05
N210 ...
N.. M02
en-938820/5 4 - 161
4 - 162
en-938820/5
3 Drilled hole
dia 20
m l
ø 120
o EZ (1)
5 to 45°
k j
External machining paths
EZ (2)
ø 80
10
R
5
i h
g
R
5 to 45°
15
f
Rough and finish turning an internal profile
20
e
85
80
ø 40
75
d
20
65
OP
X
c
b
5
a
40
Z
30
ø 30
EU
25
20
Execution of a profile by two outside rough turnings then finishing
ø 60
ø 70
XZ (roughing 1)
EU (roughing 1)
XZ (roughing 2)
5 to 45°
;:98765432;:98765432EDCB
A@?>=<;:98765432EDCBA@?>=<;:98765432EDCB
A@?>=<;:98765432EDCBA@?>=<;:98765432EDCB
A@?>=<;:98765432EDCBA@?>=<;:98765432EDCB
A@?>=<;:98765432EDCB10/.-,+*A@?>=<;:98765432EDCB
10/.-,+*)(A@?>=<;:98765432EDCBA@?>=<;:9876543210/.-,+*)(EDCB
ONMLKJIHA@?>=<10/.-,+*)(;:98765432EDCBONMLKJIHA@?>=<10/.-,+*)(;:98765432EFGDCB
ISO Programming
Internal machining paths
a'
g' f' e' d'
i' h' c' b'
j'
XZ
EZ X k'
4
2
OP Z
%163
$0 EXTERNAL ROUGHING 1
N20 T01 D01 M06 (TOOL R0.8)
N30 S900 M40 M04
N40 X126 Z5 Tool position at the start of roughing 1
N50 G92 S4000
N60 G96 S260
N70 G95 F0.3
N80 G63 N150 N300 X126 Z5 P3 EZ-85 EU16 EB-170 EC-93 ER0.2 EQ1 Q1 EF0.2
N90 G0 G52 X.. Z.. G97 S900
$0 EXTERNAL ROUGHING 2
N100 T03 D03 M06 (TOOL R0.8)
N110 X80 Z5 Tool position at the start of roughing 2
N120 G63 N150 N300 X72 Z5 P1.5 EZ-65 EU70 EB-125 EC-93 ER0.2 Q1 EF0.15
N130 G0 G52 X.. Z.. G97 S900
$0 EXTERNAL FINISHING
N140 T11 D11 M06 (COPYING TOOL R0.8)
N160 G96 S300
N180 X60 Point c
N200 Z-20 Point e
N210 X60 Z-25 Point f
N220 Z-30 EB-2 Point g
en-938820/5 4 - 163
N230 X70 EB2 Point h
N240 Z-40 EB2 Point i
N250 G02 X70 Z-60 R15 EB2 Point j
N260 G01 Z-65 Point k
N270 X80 Z-75 Point l
N280 Z-80 Point m
N290 X116 Point n
N300 X126 Z-85 Point o
N310 G0 G40 G52 X.. Z.. G97 S900 M05
$0 INTERNAL ROUGHING
N320 T05 D05 M06 (BORING TOOL R0.8)
N330 S900 M40 M03
N350 G92 S3000
N360 G96 S70
N370 G95 F0.1
N380 G63 N420 N520 X16 Z5 EU50 EZ-92 P2 EB110 EC70 ER0.2 Q1 EQ0.5 EF0.1
N390 G0 Z5 Tool retraction
N400 G0 G52 X.. Z..
$0 INTERNAL FINISHING
N410 T07 D07 M06 (BORING TOOL R0.4)
N420 G41 X50 Z5 Point a’
N430 G96 S90
N440 G01 X30 Z-5 F0.07 Point b’
N450 Z-20 Point c’
N460 X40 Z-25 Point d’
N470 Z-45 EB2 Point e’
N480 G02 X40 Z-55 I40 K-50 EB2 Point f’
N490 G01 Z-75 Point g’
N500 X30 Z-80 Point h’
N510 Z-85 Point i’
N520 X16 Z-92 Point j’
N530 G0 Z5 Point k’, Tool retraction
N540 G40 G52 X.. Z.. G97 S900 M05
N550 M02
4 - 164 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.11 Breaks in Sequence

4.11.1 Unconditional Branch to a Subroutine or Sequence of Blocks with Return
G77 Unconditional branch to a Main

subroutine or sequence of programme
blocks with return. %10
N..
Subroutines included in the main pro- N..
gramme or separate from it are called by N . . G77. . . Subroutine
addresses H.. and/or N.. N.. associated N..
with the function. N.. % 4
N..
N..
N..
Syntax
N.. G77 [H..] [N.. N../N..] [P..] [S..]
G77 Unconditional branch to a subroutine or sequence of

blocks with return (maximum 8 nesting levels).
H.. Number of a subroutine external to the main programme.
N.. N.. Number of the first and last block called (If both N.. have the
same number or if only one block is programmed, only one
block is called).
P.. Number of the contour created by the PROFIL function
(see PROFIL Function User’s Manual).
S.. Number of times the subroutine or sequence of blocks is
to be repeated (default = 1, maximum 99 repetitions).

Cancellation
en-938820/5 4 - 165
Notes
Subroutines called by address H end with «X OFF» and do not include an M02 block
(end of programme).
A subroutine called by addresses N.. N.. can be located between M02 and «X OFF».
If argument S is programmed in a block containing other instructions, it must
immediately follow the subroutine branch.
If the subroutine branch is defined by two sequence numbers in reverse order (e.g.
G77 N200 N10), the system executes the programme in the normal sequence from
N10 to N200 and no error is displayed.
Context
The calling programme context can be saved at the beginning of the called
programme. It can then be restored at the end of execution of the called programme.
The programmed status access symbols are used for save and restore (see Sec. 6.7).
Inhibiting display of subroutines being executed

Display on the programme page (PROG) of a subroutine and its internal subroutines
during execution can be inhibited.
Placing the character «:» after the subroutine number inhibits display. Only the
subroutine call block is displayed.
Example:
Main programme %10 calling subroutine %110: itself containing an internal subroutine
%210.
Only block N50 of programme %10 is displayed during execution of subroutines
%110 and %210.
%10 %110: %210

N10 N10 N10
N.. N.. N..
N50 G77 H110 N80 G77 H210 N..
N.. N.. N..
4 - 166 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Examples
Branches to external subroutines from the main programme

Branch to subroutine %11 from main
programme %10. %10 %11
N10 N10
N.. N..
N . . G77 H11 N.. Once
N.. N..
N.. N..
N.. 4
N . . M02
Branch to subroutine %21 from main

programme %20 three times. %20 %21
N10 N10
N.. N..
N . . G77 H21 S3 N.. 3
N.. N.. times
N.. N..
N..
N . . M02
Branch to blocks N50 to N90 of subroutine

%31 from main programme %30 twice. %31
%30 N..
N10 N50
N.. N..
Twice
N . . G77 H31 N50 N90 S2 N..

N.. N..
N.. N90
N . . M02 N..
en-938820/5 4 - 167
Branches to sequences in the programme
Branch to block N70 located upstream in
programme %40. %40
N10
The block can be called by:
N..
N.. G77 N70 N70
N..
or
N70
N.. G77 N70
N..
N . . G77 N70 N70
N..
N . . M02
Branch to blocks N80-N140 located %50

upstream in the programme %50 three N10
times.
N..
N..
N80
N.. 3 times
N140
N150 G77 N80 N140 S3
N..
N . . M02
Branch to blocks N500-N550 located

downstream in programme %60, %60
between M02 and X OFF, four times. N10
N..
N . . G77 N500 N550 S4
N..
N400 M02
N500
N.. 4 times
N550
4 - 168 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Subroutine nesting
Subroutine %5263 and the sequence of blocks N20 to N100 of main programme
%123 are executed three times (S3).
Main programme Subroutine 1 Subroutine 2
% 123 % 252 % 5263
N10 N10 N600
N20 N20 N610
N.. N.. N..
N.. N.. N..
N50 G77 H252 N80 G77 H5263 S3 N650
N60 N90 N660 4
N.. N.. N..
N.. N.. N..
N100 N160 N700 G77 N610 N650
N110 N710
N.. N..
N.. N..
N180 G77 N20 N100 S3 N920 G77 H123 N210 N260
N190 N930
N.. N..
N210 N1290
N..
N260
N..
N300 G77 N500 N550
N310
N..
N..
N390 M02
N..
N500
N..
N..
N550
en-938820/5 4 - 169
Cutting grooves by calling two subroutines
ø 40
R1
ø 30
ø 36
ø 20
3 5
15
40
Machining paths
D7Z
D05Z
2
d' a'
1
c a
c' b'
d
b X
OP Z
4 - 170 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Main programme
%30
N10 G0 G52 X0 Z0
$0 EXTERNAL MACHINING
N..
N..
N110 G0 G40 G52 X.. Z.. G97 S900
$0 VEE-GROOVE
N120 T05 D05 M06 (TOOL WIDTH 5)
N130 X32 Z-15 Point a, approach
N140 G96 S80 4
N150 G77 H35 Call to subroutine %35
N160 G77 N110 Call to sequence N110
$0 GROOVE WITH RADIUS
N170 T07 D07 M06 (TOOL RADIUS 1)
N180 G0 G42 X44 Z-40 Point a’, approach
N190 G96 S50
N200 G77 H40 Call to subroutine %40
N210 G77 N110 M05 Call to sequence N110
N220 M02
Subroutine 1
%35
N10 G91 G01 X-6 G95 F0.08 Point b, incremental dimensions
N20 X6 Outfeed to point a
N30 G0 Z-3 Point c
N40 G01 X-1 F0.3 Point d
N50 X-5 Z3 F0.05 Point e
N60 X6 F0.08 Point a
N70 G90
Subroutine 2
%40
N10 G91 G01 X-4 G95 F0.06 Point b’, incremental dimensions
N20 Z-5 F0.08 Point c’
N30 X4 F0.3 Point d’
N40 G90
en-938820/5 4 - 171
4.11.2 Subroutine Branch by M Function
M.. Subroutine branch by M Current

function. programme
%50
The M.. function branches to a subroutine N..
whose number is assigned by the ma- N..
chine manufacturer (see machine N..
parameter P35). N . . M55 Subroutine
N.. %255
N.. N..
N..
N..
Syntax
N.. M..
M.. Subroutine branch by M function.

Function M.. programmed is modal.
Notes
A subroutine called by an M function cannot itself call another subroutine by an M
function. However, it can be nested with another type of call (by G function or
automatic control function), but in no case may two calls of the same type be nested.
A block including a subroutine call by M function may also include a positioning
command.
Example: N.. M200 G00 X100
In this case, the block is processed in the following order:
- M200 sent to the PLC,
- Movement X100 executed,
- Call to the subroutine defined in P35.
4 - 172 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Return to current programme

After execution of the subroutine, none of the data programmed earlier are restored.
The following data must be reprogrammed if necessary:
- modal preparatory G functions,
- modal technological S functions and miscellaneous M functions,
- correction D even if the tool was not changed,
- programme variables L.
Context
The programmed status access symbols are used for save and restore (see 4
Sec. 6.7).
Specific Feature of a Call to a Subroutine Number Between %11001 to %11999

When the subroutine number declared in P35 is between %11001 and %11999, the
subroutine is called before execution of the block containing the M function and block
concatenation is forced. It should noted that within the subroutine, execution of the
functions is enabled by G998 and/or G997 as in subroutine calls by Gxxx function.
Example:
Execution of spindle indexing during axis movement in a block containing the
programming: N.. X.. Y.. Z.. M19.
REMARK For information on most of the functions used in the example below,
refer to Sections 4.14.17, 6.7 and 7.3 of this manual as well as to the
supplementary programming manual.
en-938820/5 4 - 173
%11019 (SPINDLE INDEXING DURING MOVEMENT)
VAR [br_pos] = [.BM62] *2+ [.BM65] *2+ [.BM64] - [.BM63] /2&3+93524
[M998] = [.BM999] - [.BM997] + 998
[tix(9)] [i]
ENDV
M997 (forced block sequencing)
FOR [i] = 1 TO 9 DO [tix(i)] = [.IBX(i)]
BCLR [.IBX(i)] (stop movement)
ENDF
G997 (exit M19)
G999
FOR [i] = 1 TO 9 DO
IF [tix(i)] = 1 THEN
BSET [.IBX(i)] (enable movement)
ENDI
ENDF
G997 (start movement)
(wait until spindle is in position)
WHILE E [br_pos] = 0 DO G4 F.1
ENDW
M[M998]
Example
General case: call by function M55 of subroutine %255.
Current programme Subroutine %255

%50 %255
N10 ... N10 ...
N.. N..
N80 M55 N..
N.. N120
N..
N950 M02
4 - 174 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.11.3 Branch to a Sequence without Return
G79 Conditional or unconditional Current

branch to a sequence programme
without return. %100
N..
A conditional or unconditional branch is N..
made to sequence number N.. associated N . . G79 N350
with the function.. N..
N..
N350
N..
N..
4
Syntax
N.. G79 [L../E.. > = < Number] N..
G79 Conditional or unconditional branch to a sequence (an

upstream or downstream branch is allowed).
L.. or E.. Variable L or parameter E tested in the condition (see
Secs. 6.1 and 6.2).
>=< Comparison symbols for the condition (up to two symbols
can be used).
Number Numerical expression of the condition.
N.. Mandatory argument defining the sequence number to
which the jump is to be made.

Cancellation
Notes
If the jump is conditional, the condition must be located between G79 and N..
en-938820/5 4 - 175
Examples
Unconditional jump
%25
N10 ...
N..
N50 G79 N220 Jump to sequence N220
N60
N..
N190
N..
N220
N..
N250 G79 N60 Jump to sequence N60
N..
Conditional branch
Counting the number of machining operations performed and branching when the
specified number is reached.
%75
N10 L5 = 20 Variable L5 set to 20
N20 G52 Z..
N30 T01 D01 (TOOL)
N40 S800 M40 M03
N50 G00 X.. Y.. Z..
N60 G01 Z..
N70
N..
N.. Programming for one machining
N.. operation
N..
N..
N..
N140
N150 L5 = L5 -1 Count each operation down
N160 G79 L5 = 0 N180 Condition: If L5=0, branch to block N180
N170 G79 N50 Branch to N50
N180 G52 Z.. M05
N190 M02
4 - 176 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Roughing cycle with unconditional branch
Roughing
f cycle start
e
5
d
5
R
c b
a
ø 60
ø 40
4
X
4
30 OP Z
%82
N10 G00 G52 X.. Z..
N20 T01 D01 M06 (BIDIRECTIONAL TOOL)
N30 S900 M40 M04
N40 X70 Z4 Roughing start point
N50 G92 S3000
N60 G96 S200
N70 G79 N140 Branch to block N140
N90 G01 X40 Z-1 Point b
N100 Z-30 Point c
N110 X50 Point d
N120 G03 X60 Z-35 R5 Point e
N130 G01 X70 Point f
N140 G64 N80 N130 I0 K0 P2 G95 F0.2
N150 X70 Z-35
N160 Z4
N170 X30
N180 G80 G52 X-50 Z-100 G97 S900
N190 ...
en-938820/5 4 - 177
4.11.4 Subroutine Call by Automatic Control Function
During execution of a part programme, Part
the automatic control function causes a programme
branch to subroutine %999. Machine
%81 processor
N..
N.. Subroutine
N..
N.. %9999
N.. N..
N.. N..
N.. N..
N..
Condition for the branch to subroutine %9999

Part programme being executed in mode:
- automatic (AUTO),
- single step (SINGLE),
- dry run (DRYRUN).
A subroutine called by the automatic control function cannot itself call another
subroutine by the automatic control function. However, it can be nested with another
type of call (by M function or G function), but in no case may two calls of the same type
be nested.
Start of subroutine %9999

If a part programme is already being executed, the branch to subroutine %9999 is
only made at the end of an interruptible block or the end of execution of an
uninterruptible block.
Definition: An uninterruptible block is a block containing a G function causing a branch
to a subroutine (G31, G45, G81, etc.) or a block for which certain parameters must
be known in order to execute the next block (sequencing of three blocks in PGP
mode).
If no part programme is being executed when subroutine %9999 is called, the CYCLE
field goes out at the end of execution of the subroutine (the part programme is not
executed).
Functions G01 and G40 are set at the start of the subroutine.
During execution of the subroutine %9999

The PLC ignores a new call or maintaining of the call to subroutine %999 during
execution of this subroutine.
4 - 178 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
End of the subroutine %9999

At the end of execution of the subroutine, the system does not make a handshake with
the m/c processor. It is the subroutine's responsibility to report on its execution by
function M or external parameter E.
The subroutine should end with X OFF unless a return to the current programme is
not desired. In this case, function M02 (end of programme) is programmed at the end
of the subroutine.
Return to current programme

After execution of the subroutine, none of the data programmed earlier is restored.
The following data must be reprogrammed if necessary: 4
- modal preparatory G functions,
- modal technological S functions and miscellaneous M functions,
- correction D even if the tool was not changed,
- programme variables L.
Context
The programmed status access symbols are used for save and restore (see Sec. 6.7).
Structure of subroutine %9999

When several functions can be processed by a subroutine, the PLC must specify the
function called. This may be done by external parameter E40000 (see Sec. 6.2).
Example:
Method 1:
Each function is the subject of a specific subroutine (%a, %b, %c, etc.). In this case,
subroutine %9999 is a single block used to re-direct control.
%9999
G77 H E40000 M..
N..
Parameter E40000 contains the number of the subroutine called (a, b, c, etc.) and the
M function is used as a handshake (CRM).
This method has the drawback of creating an additional subroutine nesting level.
en-938820/5 4 - 179
Method 2:
All the functions are written in subroutine %9999. The first block is a jump to a
sequence number contained in parameter E40000 (i.e. Na.., Nb.., Nc..).
%9999
G79 N E40000 M.. Wait for start by CRM and the branch to
the sequence
Na Processing of function 1
N..
N..
G79 Nz Jump to the last sequence
Nb Processing of function 2
N..
N..
G79 Nz Jump to the last sequence
Nc Processing of function 3
N..
N..
Nz End of subroutine
Subroutine Call by Automatic Control Function with Axis Multigroups

See Sec. 4.17 (special programming for axis multigroups).
4 - 180 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.11.5 Block Interrupt
G10 Block interrupt. Programme
G10 blocks are designed to be interrupted %300

by a hardware input or by satisfying a N..
position threshold for a particular axis N..
N..
After the interrupt, a branch may be N200 X . . G10 @7 < 50.3 N250
arranged to a designated block. If no N..
interrupt is detected, the next block is N..
executed. N250 4
N..
Syntax
N.. [G40] [G04 F..] [G00/G01/G02/G03] X.. Z.. G10 [:n] [+X.. or F..] [@n < >
Value] N.. [+ Number] [EF..]

G04 F.. Interruptible dwell.
G00/G01/G02/G03 Interruptible interpolations.
X.. Z.. Interruptible axes.
G10 Block interrupt function.
:n Numerical argument (number of interrupts from 1 to 99)
significant only for hardware interrupts (on-the-fly dimension
measurement). The block is not interrupted (forcing an end
of block) until the nth hardware interrupt.
+X.. or F.. Arguments defining a movement or dwell to be made after
the interrupt(s).
X..: A further movement to be made after the interrupt(s)
before deciding whether to branch (possible on all the axes
of the system, both measured and servoed).
F..: Dwell in seconds during which the block may be
interrupted.
en-938820/5 4 - 181
@n < > Value Argument defining a condition for comparison with a
threshold.
@n: Physical address of the axis concerned by the test
(axis address n is between 0 and 31).
<>: Mandatory comparison symbol.
Value: Comparison threshold in the same programme unit
as the other axes of the group (mm or inches).
N.. + Number Branch to block N.. after the interrupt, possibly followed by
a further number to reach unnumbered blocks.
EF.. Maximum feed rate after an interrupt (see
Sec. 4.11.5.1).

Cancellation
Notes
All the arguments for function G10 are optional.
Analysis of the interrupt

When function G10 is programmed, the end point programmed in the block may be
modified by setting of the limit switch bit (ARBUT) or by a CNC interrupt generated
by an IT input (part gauging function). Either of these inputs stops movement and
replaces the dimensions of the required position by the dimensions of the current
position.
When the programming movement is finished, the system jumps to the programmed
sequenced or by default to the next sequence.
On-the-fly dimension measurement (hardware interrupt)

The hardware interrupt is generated on an interrupt input.
If movement is stopped by a gauging interrupt, the automatic control function
processes this IT and informs the CNC. When interrupt IT is generated, the
dimensions of the axes in the group are stored in external parameters E7x001 (axis
position reference where x = physical address of the axis, see Sec. 6.2). The interrupt
is taken into account by function G10 of the part programme that can then cause a
branch.
4 - 182 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
The new values can be detected by dynamic operators and stored in an indexed
addressing table.
REMARK With axis multigroup programming (see Sec. 4.17), when an interrupt
on one group is set at the same time as an interrupt on another group
(groups 1 to 8), the interrupt on the group with the lowest number has
priority.
Examples
G10 block with a jump to an unnumbered block

Jump to the third block after N150 if a hardware interrupt is set. 4
N.. ...
N80 G01 G41 X.. Z.. F200
N90 G40 X.. G10 N150 +3 Jump to N150
N100
N..
N150
N..
+ 3 blocks
N..
N..
N..
Interruptible block including comparison with a threshold and jump to a block once the
condition is satisfied
Condition: Jump to block N240 when the measurement on axis 7 is less than 50.3.
N.. ...
N..
N200 X.. Z.. G10 @7 < 50.3 N240 Jump to N240
N..
N..
N240
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 183
Interruptible block including comparison with a threshold and jump to a block if the
condition is satisfied
N..
N200 G00 G40 X50
N210 G01 X100 Z120 G10 : 2 + X60 N250 Jump to N220 or N250
N220
Condition not satisfied
N230
N240
N250
N.. Condition satisfied
If, after the interrupt, the end point is beyond the original programmed target:
- the jump condition is not satisfied and the programme continues with the next
block,
- no updates are made to the E7x001 positions.
Diagram:
IT IT 60 mm X100
N210 Z120 N220
Jump to N250
IT IT
60 mm
Continue with N220
4 - 184 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.11.5.1 Special Use of Sequence Interrupt
Block Sequencing without Stopping Movement

In state M999 (see Sec. 4.14.9), the analysis of the following blocks is suspended until
the interrupt is detected, whether this interrupt is from the PLC (programmed with
A.15B) or a hardware interrupt or a conditional interrupt determined by comparing an
axis measurement to a threshold.
When the interrupt is detected, if the current interpolated position (to which is added
the +X value programmed after G10) is beyond the programmed end point, it should
be noted that:
- analysis of the following blocks is resumed immediately,
- in case of possible processing by parametric programming, the current block is 4
considered ended, thereby authorising read or write of external parameters E (see
Sec. 6.2) without effectively stopping current movements (this allows calculation
of a positioning point according to the interrupt point and taking into account the
geometric transformations made downstream of the interpolator),
- as soon as the next block is ready, the feed rate at the end of the current block is
updated according to whether the path has changed or not.
REMARK In state M999, if the block was not interrupted, a subroutine call by the
PLC is accepted at the end of execution of the block.
Feed Rate Limiting After an Interrupt

Before the interrupt, the speed of movement in block G10 is the modal feed rate F
programmed before G10. After the interrupt, the feed rate at the end of the current
block may be different if argument EF and its value (less than F) are programmed in
that block or an earlier block.
Example
N..
N.. G01 X30 G94 F300
N..
N.. G00 X..
N100 G01 X0 F150 G10 +X2 EF100 Feed rate 100 mm/min after the
interrupt
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 185
Example
The example below is defined for a system using inclined axis programming.
For the specific data used in the example, refer to the additional information given in
this manual for:
- Inclined axes
- External parameters E...
- Symbolic variables [...].
%398
N..
N..
(Compute the offset between the machine dimension and programme dimension in the
programme reference system)
[K] = CE69001 [DECX] = UE70000 * [K] - [.IRX(1)]
N150 G01 X0 F200 G10 +X2 EF100
(Go to 5 mm from the interrupt point)
N160 [COTE] = [K] * UE70001 - [DECX] - 5 X[COTE] F100
N..
In the figure:
- point a: point measured on the interrupt
- point b: current position interpolated at the time of the interrupt.
Feed rate N150 N160
2 mm Penetration on X
a b 5 mm
4 - 186 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.11.6 Temporary Suspension of Next Block Preparation
G79 +/- Temporary suspension of next block preparation in a

sequence with movements.
Programming this function in a block with movements temporarily suspends preparation

of the next block. A lead or lag (expressed in millimetres or seconds) at the beginning
of the current block or at the end of execution of the current block is programmed on
the restart of block processing.
Syntax
4
N.. [G00/G01/G02/G03] X.. Y.. Z.. G79 +/- X.. / F..

X.. Y.. Z.. End point.
G79 Temporary suspension of next block preparation in
sequences with movement.
+/- +: Lag with respect to the start of the current block.
-: Lead with respect to the end of execution of the
current block
X.. / F.. X..: Lag or lead in millimetres
F..: Lag or lead in seconds.
Properties of the function

Cancellation
en-938820/5 4 - 187
Notes
Restart of processing after programming of the function

As soon as analysis of the next block is restarted, it should be noted that:
- in case of possible processing by parametric programming, the current block is
considered ended, thereby authorising read or write of external parameters E (see
Sec. 6.2) without effectively stopping movements,
- as soon as the following block is ready, the feed rate at the end of the current block
is updated,
- this allows write of external parameters E and discrete outputs or read and test of
these parameters without stopping movements.
Example
Example with timeout at the start of the current block

N..
N110 G00 X0 Z5
N120 G01 X100 G79+F4 Movement along X with 40-second
N130 G79 E10000=1 N300 timeout before analysis of block N130
N140 Y20
N..
N300 G01 X200
N..
Example with anticipation at the end of the current block

N..
N110 G00 X50 Z5 Movement along Y with anticipation of
N120 G01 Z100 G79-X10 10 mm before analysis of block N130
N130 ...
4 - 188 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.11.7 Emergency Retract
G75 Declaration of an emergency Part

programme
retract subroutine.
%30 PLC
The emergency retraction subroutine is N10 G75 N300
activated by a request from the PLC. N..
N.. Emergency
Activation stops the current programme N.. retract
and causes a branch to address N.. of activation area
N . . M02
the last emergency retract subroutine N300
declared. N..
N..
Emergency
retract 4
subroutine
Syntax
N.. G75 N..
G75 Declaration of an emergency retract subroutine.

N.. Mandatory argument associated with the function and
giving the address of the emergency retract subroutine
start sequence number.

Function G75 is nonmodal. Argument N.. associated with the function is modal.
Cancellation
Declaration of a subroutine G75 N.. is cancelled by:
- cancellation function G75 N0,
- function G75 N.. with a different subroutine number,
- end of programme function M02,
- a reset.
Notes
Condition for activation of the emergency retract subroutine

Part programme being executed in one of the following modes:
- automatic (AUTO),
- single step (SINGLE),
- manual data input (MDI),
- dry run (DRYRUN).
en-938820/5 4 - 189
An emergency retract subroutine can be activated:
- after reading the block in which it is programmed,
- as long as the programme or subroutine in which it is declared is not completed,
- as long as a new emergency retract subroutine has not been declared,
- as long as emergency retract has not been cancelled by G75 N0.
If emergency retract is activated but no emergency retract subroutine has been
declared in the part programme, this instruction has the same effect as pressing the
«ARUS» (cycle stop) key.
Activation of an emergency retraction is sent by the PLC function with the emergency
retraction request «C_DGURG».
In automatic mode, the emergency retraction programme remains active until
encountering a function M00 or M02.
Emergency retraction on PLC axis groups

For information, see Sec. 4.18 (programming specific to PLC axes).
4 - 190 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Examples
Declaration of emergency retract subroutines from a main programme
%30
N10
N..
N40 G75 N1000
N..
If emergency retract is activated in this area of the
N.. programme, branch to N1000
N180
4
N190 G75 N2000
N..
N.. If emergency retract is activated in this area of the
programme, branch to N2000
N290
N300 M02
N1000
N.. Emergency retraction subroutine available for
N.. N40 to N180
N1050 M02
N2000
N..
N.. Emergency retraction subroutine available for
N.. N190 to N290
N2080 M00
N2090
N..
Part programme resumption sequences
N..
N2120
en-938820/5 4 - 191
Declaration of emergency retract subroutines from a programme including subroutine
branches
If an emergency retract subroutine is activated during execution of subroutine %4
called by N200 of %2, branch to N300 of %2.
If an emergency retract subroutine is activated during execution of subroutine %4
called by N40 of %3, branch to N200 of %1.
%1 Déclaration de %2 Déclaration de
N10 G75 N200 dégagement N10 G75 N300 dégagement
N.. d'urgence N.. d'urgence
N.. N200 G77 H4
N.. N..
N.. G79 N390
N100 G77 H2 N300 Programme de
N.. N.. dégagement
N150 G77 H3 N.. M02 d'urgence
N.. N390
N180 M02 N..
N200
N.. Programme de
N.. dégagement
N.. d'urgence %3
N.. M02 N10
N..
N40 G77 H4
N..
%4
N10
N..
N..
4 - 192 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.11.8 Branch to Automatic Homing Subroutine

Homing can be carried automatically on each of the machine axes by running
subroutine %9990.
Conditions for running subroutine %9990

Subroutine %9990 is run by pressing the cycle start button:
- if the system is in homing mode,
- if no other programme is being executed.
During execution of subroutine %9990

As soon as subroutine %9990 or one of its subroutines starts, the machine axes can
be moved without affecting homing. 4
End of execution of subroutine %9990
At the end of execution of subroutine %9990 (by programming of M02), the
programme that was active when %9990 was called is resumed.
Automatic homing with multiple axis groups

See Sec. 4.17 (programming specific to multiple axis groups).
en-938820/5 4 - 193
4.11.9 Subroutine Branch on a Reset
On a reset, the NC groups can execute subroutine %11000.
Conditions for running subroutine %11000

Subroutine %11000 is run:
- if bit 3 of machine parameter P7 word 2 is a 1,
- if this subroutine is present in the memory.
Start of execution of subroutine %11000

Subroutine %11000 begins approximately 100 microseconds after the reset pulse
(S RAZ or E_RAZ) goes high. It should be noted that this pulse remains high until the
subroutine ends.
Contents of subroutine %11000

A subroutine %11000 must not include any executable functions such as:
- Movements on the axes
- Dwells (G04 F..)
- Miscellaneous functions (M..), etc.
Only the following operations are allowed in subroutine %11000:
- read and write of external parameters E and programme variables L (see
Chapter 6). It should be noted that at the end of execution of the subroutines,
variables L0 to L19 are reset but the others preserve their values,
- declaration of dynamic operators and enabling of interaxis calibration (see
Dynamic Operators Manual),
- declaration and initialisation of symbolic variables [...]. It should be noted that they
must be saved by the SAVE function to be available for use after execution of the
subroutine (see Supplementary Programming Manual).
Subroutine branches on a reset in multiple axis groups

See Sec. 4.17 (programming specific to multiple axis groups).
4 - 194 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.11.10 Restrictions Related to Drip Feed Mode

Drip feed mode allows a programme to Computer + disk drive
be checked or to be executed as the
programme is read from a reader or
transmitted from a host (DNC1). NC drip feed mode
Drip feed mode is used for execution of
large programmes which cannot be
stored in the NC (for the procedure, see
operator’s manual). Magnetic tape unit + tape
Machining
4
Notes
Use of drip feed mode causes allocation of a buffer space of up to 32,000 characters.
When the space available is less than this value but more than 1 KB, the system takes
all the remaining space.
If the space available is less than 1 KB, drip feed mode is refused and error message
36 is reported.
Restrictions related to drip feed mode

It is impossible to use functions referring to block numbers in the programme:
- jump to a sequence (G79 N..),
- block interrupt (G10 N..),
- branch to sequences of the main programme (G77 N.. N..),
- activation of an emergency retract subroutine (G75 N..).
Branches to subroutines stored in the memory are allowed in drip feed mode (G77 H..
or G77 H.. N.. N..).
en-938820/5 4 - 195
4.11.11 Call to Subroutine Return Block
G77 -i Call to subroutine return block.
This function allows a subroutine to call and execute the instructions of the return
block of the calling subroutine.
Syntax
N.. G77 - i
G77 Call to subroutine return block.

-i Immediate value (or variable) giving the nesting level of the
programme containing the block called with respect to the
nesting level in which G77 -i is programmed (the return
block called in this way is automatically postincremented).

Function G77 -i is nonmodal.
Cancellation
Function G77 -i is cancelled at the end of the block.
Notes
If the block called is in the «displayable» programme, it is displayed on the
programme page (PROG) even if the subroutine that called it is not displayable.
It should be noted that:
- if the nesting level requested is not accessible, the system returns error message
26
- the blocks called by G77 -i must not include branches or other calls (G79, G77,
etc.) or the system returns error message 26.
4 - 196 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Examples
General Example
%1 %10 %100
N.. N.. N..
N.. N.. N..
N3 G77 H10 N30 G77 -1 N300 ...

4
N4 ... N40 G77 H100 N400 G77 -2
N5 ... N50 ... N500 ...
N6 ... N60 G77 -1 N600 ...
N7 ... N70 ... N700 ...
N8 ... ... ...
Specific Example
REMARK For information on the functions used in the example below, refer to
Sections 4.14.17, 6.7 and 7.7 of this manual as well as to the
supplementary programming manual.
%1 %10100
N... ... (processing of the calling block)
N... WHILE [.NOG80] = 100 DO G999 G77 -1
G100 ... ... (processing of the blocks located between G100
... ... and G80 G997 (execution)
... ENDW
G80
...
en-938820/5 4 - 197
4.11.12 ISO Programme or Block Creation/Deletion
G76+/- ISO programme or block creation/deletion.
4.11.12.1 General
Programming of function G76+/- provides the following capabilities:
- Programme creation
- Programme deletion
- Block insertion in a programme
- Block deletion from a programme.
This function is especially useful for creating part programmes automatically (e.g.
after teach-in by gauging of dimensions).
This function can only be used to create and delete programmes and blocks located
in part programme area zero.
REMARK Before execution of a function G76+ (creation, insertion), the system
makes sure no other programme editor or graphic display is active. If
so, programme execution is suspended as long as these conditions
remain present.
With G76, the programme number can be indexed (e.g. H123.2). This is accepted
providing no other programme in any of the programme areas has the same number.
If there is not enough memory space for programme creation or block insertion, the
system returns error message 266.
If the block including function G76 has a format error, the system returns error
message 1.

Function G76 is nonmodal and is cancelled at the end of the block.
4.11.12.2 Creating a Programme

The syntax below is used to create a programme in area zero.
Syntax
N.. G76+ H..
G76+ Programme creation function.

H.. Number of the programme to be created.
4 - 198 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Notes
In programme creation mode, the programme number must be the last word in the
block.
Example
Programme creation in RAM programme area (area zero).
%350
PROGRAMME AREA IN RAM
...
N110
N120 G76+ H123.1
N130 %233 ...
4
... %45 ...
%345 ...
%123.1 ...
4.11.12.3 Deleting a Programme

The syntax below is used to delete a programme located in area zero.
Syntax
N.. G76- H..
G76- Programme deletion function.

H.. Number of the programme to be deleted.
Notes
The programme number must be the last word in the block.
Several cases can occur, depending on the area where the programme is located:
- If a programme in area zero has the number specified in the function, this
programme is deleted
- If a programme in an area other than area zero has the number specified in the
function, deletion is refused and the system returns error message 266
- If no programme in any area has the number specified with the function, the
command is accepted (but no programme is deleted).
en-938820/5 4 - 199
Example
Programme deletion in RAM programme area (area zero).
%1050
PROGRAMME AREA IN RAM
...
N190
N200 G76- H10.1
N210 %459 ...
... %423 ...
%336 ...
%10.1 ...
4.11.12.4 Inserting a Block

The syntax below is used to insert a block in an existing programme.
Syntax
N.. G76+ [H..] N..[+number] ISO block
G76+ Function defining block insertion.

H.. Specifies the programme number where the block is to be
inserted (optional: default H..: the ISO block is inserted in
the programme including function G76).
N.. +number N..: Block number (mandatory). The insertion is made
after this block unless “+number” is specified (note: the first
block of programme %.. is block N0).
+number: (optional) defines the number of lines (after the
block number specified) where the insertion is to be made.
ISO block Block to be inserted consisting of ISO functions (see list
under Notes).
4 - 200 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Notes
The following ISO functions are accepted:
- N.. (block number)
- G.. (preparatory functions; several G functions are accepted in the block)
- X.. Y.. Z.. U.. V.. W.. A.. B.. C.. (axes and dimensions)
- I.. J.. K.. (circle centre coordinates)
- P.. Q.. R.. (material vector for 3D radius correction)
- /.. (polynomial coefficients)
- L=.. to L9=.. (programme variables).
The values associated with the above functions are immediate integer or fractional
values, programme variables (L..), symbolic variables [sym] or parameters E. When
they are parameters E, the values are specified in the internal system unit (these data 4
are edited in the programme as immediate values, signed if negative, and in the
internal unit defined for linear or rotary axes).
The block to be inserted must not have more than 120 characters or the system
returns error message 1.
If there is not enough memory space for block insertion, the system returns error
message 266.
If the block to be inserted does not exist, the system returns error message 25.
Example
Block insertion in programme %336 located in the RAM programme area (area zero).
%36
N.. ...
N290 ...
N300 G76+ H336 N100 +2 N125 G01 X50 Z20
N310 ...
...
%336
N.. ...
N100 ...
N110 ... N100 +2
N120 ...
Block insertion
N130 ...
...
en-938820/5 4 - 201
4.11.12.5 Deleting a Block
Syntax
N.. G76- [H..] N..[+number]
G76- Block deletion function.

H.. Specifies the programme number from which the block is
to be deleted (optional: default H..: the ISO block is deleted
from the programme including function G76).
N.. +number N..: Block number (mandatory). It is this block that is
deleted unless +number is programmed (note: the first
block of programme %.. is block N0).
+number: (optional) specifies the line to be deleted (after
the block number specified).
Notes
If the block to be deleted does not exist, the system returns error message 25.
Example
Deletion of a block in programme %567 located in the RAM programme area (area
zero).
%222
N.. ...
N90 ...
N100 G76- H567 N200 +4
N110 ...
...
%567
N.. ...
N.. ...
N200 ...
N210 ... N200 +4
N220 ...
N230 ... Block deletion
N240 ...
...
4 - 202 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.12 Movement Origin Selection

4.12.1 Programming of Movements in Absolute Coordinates Referenced to the
Measurement Origin
G52 Programming of movements X

in absolute coordinates OM
referenced to the
measurement origin. Z
52
Movements programmed with this G
function are referenced to the 4
measurement origin (OM).
All the axes are programmable with
reference to the measurement origin. Point
programmé
Syntax
N.. [G40] [G90] [G00/G01] G52 X.. Z.. C.. [F..]

G90 Programming in absolute dimensions.
G00/G01 Linear interpolations at high or programmed speed.
G52 Programming of movements in absolute coordinates
referenced to the measurement origin.
X.. Z.. C.. End point referenced to the measurement origin.
F.. Feed rate.

Cancellation
en-938820/5 4 - 203
Notes
Programming function G52 in a block suspends the following data:
- tool data,
- DAT1,
- DAT2,
- programme origin offset (G59),
- angular offset (ED..),
- scaling factor (G74).
Function G52 must:
- precede programming of the axes in the block,
- be programmed with the system in G40 mode (radius offset cancel) or the system
returns error message 27,
- be programmed in absolute coordinates (G90).
Examples
Programming G52 on the X and Z axes with reference to the measurement zero
point before a tool change
%10
N10 G00 G52 X0 Z0 Measurement
N20 T03 D03 M06 zero point
N.. X
Turret
zero point
Programming of G52 on axes Z, X, C:

- -50 mm from the measurement zero point on the Z axis
- -100 mm from the measurement zero point on the X axis
- 180 degrees from the measurement zero point on the C axis.
N.. ...
N220 G00 G52 Z-50
N230 G52 X-100 C180
N..
4 - 204 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Programming of the carrier/carried axes

A parallel carrier/carried axis pair can be programmed in G00 with reference to the
measurement origin. In all other cases, programming in G00 is prohibited.
Example:
DAT1 and DAT2 do not apply to the values programmed with the Z and W axes.
N..
N.. G00 G52 Z.. W..
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 205
4.12.2 Datum Shift DAT1 and DAT2 Cancel/Enable
G53 DAT1 and DAT2 cancel.

CANCEL / ENABLE
Scale E1000/1000
G54 DAT1 and DAT2 enable. .
DAT1 DAT2
These functions are used to enable or X - 100 +0
cancel DAT1 and DAT2 shifts entered Z - 200 + 20
on the SHIFT page. C+0 +0
Syntax
N.. G53/G54
G53 DAT1 and DAT2 cancel.

G54 DAT1 and DAT2 enable.

Cancellation
Notes
The tool offsets are not affected by function G53.
4 - 206 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.12.3 Programme Origin Preset
G92 Programme origin preset. Current

point
This function, associated with one or X
more axes and their values, defines the
current point with reference to a new G92 . .
programme origin. OP1 Z
DAT1 values are redefined for the X
programmed axes.
OP0 Z
4
Syntax
N.. G92 X.. Z..
G92 Programme origin preset.

X.. Z.. Position with respect to the new programme origin.
Calculation for programme origin preset on an axis:

New DAT1 = Previous DAT1 + Previous current point/OP - Value programmed with
G92
or
New DAT1 = Current point/OM - Value programmed with G92 - Tool length (in the
axis) - DAT2
This operation is not performed until completion of the block before that containing
function G92.
! CAUTION
The new offsets remain active at the end of the programme.
en-938820/5 4 - 207
Programme origin preset function G92:
- applies to all the axes, both carried and independent,
- is rejected if the last movement was programmed with respect to the origin, error
message 2,
- is ignored in test (TEST) and sequence number search (SEARCH) modes,
- suspends analysis of blocks until execution of the previous block is completed,
- cannot be programmed with radius offset; the system must be in state G40,
- cannot be programmed in a PGP (Profile Geometry Programming) sequence.
Example
Value entered for Z DAT1 = -300
Value entered for Z DAT 2 = 20
Tool length L (correction D9) = 80
Programme origin preset G92 Z60
N..
N150 G00 D9 G40 X0 Z40
N160 G92 Z60 Preset
N170 G00 Z..
N..
Analysis of block N150 yields:
- current point/OM Z = -160
Application of the first equation

New Z DAT1 = -300 + 40 - 60 = -320
Application of the second equation

New Z DAT1 = -160 - 60 - 80 - 20 = -320
4 - 208 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.12.4 Programme Origin Offset
G59 Programme origin offset.

Offset
OP1
This function, associated with one or
more arguments, axes and values, off-
sets the programme origin (OP). 59
G
An origin offset can be assigned to each
system axis. X
No movement is caused by the function

and its arguments. OP Z 4
Syntax
N..[G90/G91]G59 X.. Z.. U.. W.. C..[I.. K.. ED..]

G59 Programme origin offset.
X.. Z.. U.. W.. C.. The axes programmed are the arguments associated with
the function. They must immediately follow the function
and at least one axis must be programmed.
I.. K..ED.. - I.. K..: Arguments defining the centre of rotation of an
angular offset programmed with ED in the plane with
respect to the initial programme origin (see Fig. 1).
- ED..: Angular offset.

Function G59 is nonmodal. The arguments associated with the function are modal.
Cancellation
A programmed offset G59.. is cancelled by:
- programming G59 with axis arguments assigned zero values in absolute dimen-
sions (G90),
- a reset.
en-938820/5 4 - 209
Notes
For simplification and understanding of the programme, it is recommended to be in
state G90 (absolute programming) before programming an origin offset.
Function G59 programmed in absolute dimensions (G90):

The origin offset G59 ... is referenced to DAT1 + DAT2. A new origin offset G59 ...
replaces a previous one.
Function G59 programmed in incremental dimensions (G91):

The first movement programmed after G59 ... is translated by the value of the
programme origin offset. The absolute position is offset by the sum of all the
incremental G59 ... functions programmed earlier.
The functions below, when included in a programme, must be programmed in the
following order:
- G59 ... Programme origin offset,
- ED.. Angular offset,
- G51 ... Mirror function,
- Scaling factor.
Notes on arguments I, K
Machining programmed with reference
to a programme origin (OP) can be Figure 1
translated and oriented according to the
angle programmed with ED (see Sec. ED..
I..
4.12.5). Axis of
K.. rotation
N.. ...
9
G5
X..
N.. G59 X.. Z.. I.. K.. ED..

N.. ED.. X
N.. Z
OP
An offset on the X and Z axes is not Z..
mandatory for programming I and K.
4 - 210 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Examples
Origin offsets on the Z axis in absolute programming (G90)
X
Measurement
DAT1, DAT2 Z origin
60
30
Z 4
OP2 OP1 OP0
%60
N10
N..
N50
N..
N90
N..
N120 G90 G59 Z-30 Offset 1
N.. G77 N50 N90 Machining
N..
N230 G59 Z-60 Offset 2
N..
N350 G59 X0 Offset cancelled
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 211
Origin offsets on the Z axis in incremental programming (G91)
X
Measurement
DAT1, DAT2 Z origin
30
30
Z
OP2 OP1 OP0
%70
N10
N..
N50
N..
N90
N..
N120 G91 G59 Z-30 Offset 1
N..
N230 G59 Z-30 Offset 2
N..
N350 G91 G59 Z-60 ou G90 G59 X0 Cancellation possible with G90 or G91
N..
4 - 212 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Machining allowance by origin offset

Bore roughing, finishing. Machining allowance: X = 0.3, Z = 0.2
1 to 45°
ø 24
Hole dia. 20
25
60
4
Machining paths
2
a
c b
e
X d
0.3
0.2
2
OP Z
N.. ...
N80 G00 G52 X.. Z.. G97 S500
N90 T07 D07 M06 (ROUGHING BORING TOOL)
N100 G95 F0.2
N110 S900 M04 M40
N120 G59 X-0.3 Z0.2 Origin offsets
N130 G00 G41 X30 Z62 Point a
N140 G96 S80
N150 G01 X24 Z59 Point b
N160 Z25 Point c
N170 X16 Point d
N180 G00 Z62 Point e
N190 G59 X0 Z0 Offsets cancellede
?@ABCDEFG
N200 G40 G77 N80 N80

N210 T09 D09 M06 (FINISHING BORING TOOL)
N220 G77 N130 N180 Finishing
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 213
?@ABCDEFG
Use of origin offset on a lathe with two turrets
On lathes equipped with two turrets (front and rear), the tool dimensions of the
secondary turret can be identified with respect to the reference of the master turret
by programming an origin offset.
Rear turret
D5 X . .
D5 Z . .
G59 X +300
G59 Z-50
OP
D1 Z . .
X
D1 X . .
Front turret-master
% 88
$0 MACHINING WITH FRONT MAIN TURRET
N10 G00 G52 X0 Z0
N20 T01 D01 M06 (EXTERNAL TOOL)
N..
N..
N340 G00 G52 X0 Z0
$0 MACHINING WITH REAR TURRET
N350 T05 D05 M06 (INTERNAL TOOL)
N360 G90 G59 X300 Z-50
N..
N500 G59 X0 Z0
N..
4 - 214 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.12.5 Angular Offset
ED.. Programmed angular offset.
Function ED associated with a value

ED . .
defines an angular rotation with respect
to the programme origin.
The angular offset applies to the axes of OP
the plane programmed in the blocks
following the function.
4
Syntax
N.. [G90/G91] ED..

ED.. Value of the angular offset in degrees and thousandths of
a degree (format ED+034).

Function ED.. is modal.
Cancellation
Angular offset ED.. is cancelled by:
- reprogramming function ED with a zero value (ED0) in absolute dimensions
(G90),
- a reset.
Notes
Angular offset ED applies to:
- all the elementary cycles (G81 ...),
- radius offset (G41, G42),
- PGP (Profile Geometry Programming) unless ED.. is programmed between two
blocks that are not completely defined,
- carried or independent secondary axes (U, W).
en-938820/5 4 - 215
4.13 Spline Curve Interpolation
4.13.1 General
Spline curve interpolation is a mathematical curve fitting method. Spline curves are
continuous curves connecting a series of points.
Spline curve interpolation insures continuity of the tangent and a constant acceleration
in each of the points specified on the programmed paths.
Machining of a spline curve is programmed by:
- defining the points on the curve,
- specifying a curve execution order.
A spline curve can be deleted by programming.
4.13.2 Programming
G48 Spline curve definition.
A spline curve definition includes several instructions:

- the definition function,
- the curve number,
- the blocks defining the points on the curve.
G06 Spline curve execution command.
A spline curve execution command is given by a block containing the execution

command followed by the number of the curve to be executed.
G49 Spline curve deletion.
The system allows memory space to be freed by deleting curves that have already
been executed.
A curve is deleted by programming the delete function followed by the number of the
curve to be deleted.
4 - 216 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.13.2.1 Spline Curve Interpolation
G48 Spline curve definition.
Syntax
N.. G48 NC.. H../N.. N..
G48 Spline curve definition function.

NC.. Argument defining the curve number. 4
H.. Number of the subroutine in which are defined the
points on the curve (optional).
N.. N.. Numbers of the first and last block defining the points on
the curve.

Cancellation
Notes
On a turning machine whose X (or U) axis is programmed on diameter (see
Parameter Manual: machine parameter P4), programming a spline curve results in
the following requirements:
- the block containing the spline curve definition function (G48 ...) must be preceded
by external parameter E11005=0 (forcing programming on radius, see Sec. 6.2)
- the points in the curve definition (N.. to N..) must be programmed on radius
- when the curve is completed (G06 NC..), programming on radius can be cancelled
by E11005=1 (forcing programming on diameter).
Blocks defining the points of a curve

The first and last block defining a curve must include the origin and end tangents. If
the tangents are not known, these blocks must be empty.
All the definition blocks other than the first and last (tangent to the start and end points)
must include points on the curve (no empty lines). Otherwise, the curve plotted would
be different from the one desired.
en-938820/5 4 - 217
The first point definition block must include all the axes concerned by spline curve
interpolation. If an axis is not programmed in this block, it is not included in spline
curve interpolation even if it is programmed in the following blocks. In this case, it is
interpolated linearly. It is necessary to programme the same position in this first block
as in the block preceding function G06.
Blocks defining the tangents and points of a spline curve.

The projections along the X and Z axes
Z-3
of the tangent to the curve origin have
X4, Z-3 as relative values.
N.. X4 Z-3
X4
Tangent to the origin
X.. Z..
X.. Z..
X.. Z.. Points on the curve X
0
X.. Z.. Start
X.. Z..
Z
N.. X.. Z.. Tangent to the end point
N..
The number of points defining a spline curve is limited to 255. If this value is
exceeded, the system returns error message 196.
The points in a spline curve must be defined by ISO programming.
A spline curve must be defined by at least three points. If it is defined by less than
three points, the system returns error message 604.
Function G48 must be programmed in state G40, i.e. without radius offset (G41 or
G42). Otherwise, the system returns error message 140.
The following functions can be programmed on the curve definition blocks:
- miscellaneous M functions,
- technological F, S or other functions.
Special characters such as $, (), etc. should not be programmed in the curve definition
blocks.
It is not recommended to programme modulo 360 degree axes with spline curves
(problem of sign and no movement).
A closed curve is not processed automatically unless the tangents to the start and end
points are identical.
4 - 218 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Saving spline curve data

The curve coefficients are stored in tables of the programme stack. When the
programme stack is full, the system returns error message 195. In this case, the stack
size can be extended (see Chapter 7).
The following data are stored for each spline curve defined:
- 1 table with 5 entries,
- 3 tables with P x Q entries, where:
P: number of axes concerned
Q: number of points in the profile
- 1 table with P entries.
en-938820/5 4 - 219
4.13.2.2 Spline Curve Execution Command
G06 Spline curve execution command.
Syntax
N.. G06 NC..
G06 Function forcing execution of a spline curve.
NC.. Number of the curve to be executed.
Cancellation
Notes
The following functions cannot be programmed in the block containing function G06
NC..:
- F: feed rate,
- S: spindle speed,
- T: tool change.
The curve execution command G06 forces the polynomial interpolation function (see
Supplementary Programming Manual).
Error Numbers and Messages for Spline Curve
The errors are in error category 600 (See Appendix D).
4 - 220 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.13.2.3 Programming Examples
Programming of a spline curve defined in the ZX plane with a call to definition blocks
in the main programme.
%70
N10 ...
N..
N..
$0 FINISHING OF THE SPLINE PROFILE
N180 G0 G52 X0 Z0 G97 S900 M05
N190 G79 N220 Jump to block N220 4
N200 X0 Z-1 Tangent to the origin of the curve
G01 X35 Z-10 F0.15
X37 Z-13
X40 Z-25 Points in the curve (c, d, e, f, g)
X35 Z-50
X40 Z-80
N210 No tangent to the end point
N220 T01 D01 M06 (FINISHING TOOL)
N230 S900 M03 M40
E11005=0 Forcing programming on radius
N240 G48 NC1 N200 N210 Spline curve definition
N260 G96 S300
N270 G95 F0.3
N280 G02 X15 Z0 I15 K5 Point b
N290 G03 X35 Z-10 R30 Point c
N300 G06 NC1 Curve execution order
N310 G01 G40 X45 Point h
E11005=1 Forcing programming on diameter
N320 G77 N180 N180
N330 M02
en-938820/5 4 - 221
Representation of machining
h
e d
g f
c
Tangent
to the origin
b
X a
OP Z
4 - 222 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Programming of a spline curve defined in the XZ plane with call to the definition blocks
in a subroutine.
%150
N10
N..
N200 G0 G52 X0 Z0 G97 S500 M05
N210 T03 D03 M06 (FINISHING TOOL)
N220 S2000 M40 M04
E11005=0 Forcing of programming with reference
to the radius
N230 G48 NC1 H151 N10 N130 Curve definition 4
E11005=1 Programming with reference to the
diameter
N250 G92 S3000
N260 G96 S250
E11005=0 Forcing of programming with reference
to the radius
N270 G01 G42 X11 G95 F0.3 Point a’
N280 G06 NC1 Execution order
E11005=1 Programming with reference to the
diameter
N290 G01 Z-105 Point l
N300 G40 X30 Point m
N310 G77 N200 N200
N320 M02
%151
N10 X0 Z-1 Tangent to the origin
N20 X11 Z5 F0.1 Curve start
N30 X6 Z-10
N40 X5 Z-20
N50 X12 Z-40
N60 X17 Z-60
N70 X12 Z-80 Points on the curve (a to k)
N80 X8 Z-84
N90 X5 Z-88
N100 X9 Z-91
N110 X11 Z-93
N120 X12 Z-95
N130 X0 Z-1 Tangent to the end point
en-938820/5 4 - 223
m e Tangent
k f to the origin a
l i d a'
j g b
c
X
h
OP Z
4 - 224 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.13.2.4 Freeing Memory by Deleting a Spline Curve
G49 Spline curve deletion.
This function is used to free the memory space occupied by curves already executed.
Syntax
N.. G49 NC..
G49 Spline curve deletion. 4

NC.. Number of the curve to be deleted.

Cancellation
Notes
Function G49 must be programmed in state G40, i.e. without radius offset (G41 or
G42). Otherwise the system returns error message 140.
Example
Definition and execution of a spline curve followed by deletion of the curve
%300
N10 ...
N.. G79 N200
N110 X.. Z..
N.. Points in curve 1
N..
N150 X.. Z..
N..
N200 G48 NC1 N110 N150 Curve 1 definition
N300 G06 NC1 Curve 1 execution
N..
N..
N450 G49 NC1 Curve 1 deletion
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 225
4.14 Coordinates Systems with C Axis
4.14.1 Programming in Polar Coordinates
G20 Programming in polar X

Z
coordinates (X, Z, C). C
This function is used to programme the C-

linear axes X and Z and control a rotary
axis C, modulo 360 degrees.
X/Z programming is the same as X
programming a system without a C axis.
C+
N.. [G40] G20 [G00/G01][X.. Z.. C..][F..]

G20 Programming on axes X, Z and C (angular value C.. with
reference to the origin).
G00/G01 Interpolations permitted.
F.. Feed rate.

Function G20 is modal and is the default function.
Cancellation
Function G20 is cancelled by functions G21 and G22.
4 - 226 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Notes
Programming of function ER is excluded in G20.
Notes on declaration of the C axis

Control of the C axis requires the use of:
- a servo-drive
- a position encoder
- a special drive arrangement.
Example
N.. ... 4
N1050 G40 G21 (or G22) ... Machining in cartesian or cylindrical
coordinates
N..
N1220 G40 G20 G01 X.. Z.. Return to initial state
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 227
4.14.2 Definition of the Start X for Interpolation on the C Axis
G98 Definition of the start X for X..

interpolation on the C axis.
C-
When the system is in G20 mode, this
function is used to compute the feed rate
on the C axis in mm/min. X
C+
Syntax
N.. G98 X..
G98 Definition of the start X for interpolation on the C axis.

X.. Start X.

Cancellation
Notes
Programming G98 X.. does not cause any movement.
When function G98 X.. is not programmed, the last value declared with the X axis is
used for the computation.
When the C and X axes are interpolated simultaneously, the system performs its
feedrate calculation from the mean radius.
4 - 228 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.14.3 Programming in Cartesian Coordinates
G21 Programming in cartesian

X
coordinates (X, Y, Z).
The system performs cartesian/polar

coordinate conversion (X-Y converted to
X-C). C
Interpolation of the X and C axes allows
milling in the plane perpendicular to the
spindle axis. 4
The tool is driven by an auxiliary spindle.
Syntax
N.. [G40] G21 [G00/G01] [G41/G42] [X.. Y.. Z..] [G94 F..]

G21 Programming in cartesian coordinates.
G00/G01 Interpolations.
G41/G42 Radius offset to the left or right of the profile.
G94 F.. Feed rate in mm/min.

Cancellation
Notes
Programming
Function G21 cannot be programmed during a canned cycle. The use of a cycle
causes generation of error message 76.
G21 is used for programming the X, Y and Z addresses by linear interpolation (the
Z address is incompatible with circular interpolation G02 and G03).
en-938820/5 4 - 229
Programming a point in G21:
N.. ...
N.. G21 Xa Ya (Y)
N..
Xa
Ya
During transition from G20 to G21:

- the system must be in G40 mode (radius offset cancel),
- if the last block in G20 includes an X demand, it must have a positive value,
- the system must not be programmed in PGP (Profile Geometry Programming).
During cancellation of G21 by G20, the system must be in G40 mode (radius offset
cancel).
Failure to comply with the transition and cancellation conditions causes generation
of error message 75.
Offsets
Programming of offsets is allowed:
- G59 X.. Y.. or G59 C..: Programmed origin offset,
- ED..: Programmed angular offset,
- G51..: Mirroring.
4 - 230 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
An angular offset programmed on the C

axis causes a rotation of the X and Y (Y+)
coordinates, e.g.:
X+
N.. ...
30°
N.. G59 C30
N..
Spindle
zero
4
Tool corrections
No change of tool corrections are authorised in G21. The corrections must be
programmed and modified in G20.
Feed rate limiting

When the tool is moving toward the centre of the part, the constant feed rate along
the path is achieved by increasing the angular feed rate on the C axis and decreasing
the linear feed rate on the X axis.
The system may therefore have to decrease the tangential machining feed rate so as
not to exceed the maximum rotation speed on the C axis.
The system automatically limits the minimum rotation speed on the C axis.
When the minimum speed is reached, the system returns error message 34.
The minimum radius R is calculated by the following equation:
344000
R = –––––––
VCmax
Where:
- R is the distance between the cutter centre and the C axis centre in µm,
- VCmax is the maximum speed on the C axis expressed in degrees/minute (see
machine parameter P30).
en-938820/5 4 - 231
Example
Execution of two flats
20 A/F 8
ø 30
OP X (CO) OP
N..
N200 G00 G40 G52 X.. Z.. M05
N210 T12 D12 M06 (CUTTER D=10)
N220 G97 S1000 M.. $0 AUXILIARY SPINDLE ROTATION
N230 X50 Z2 Tool approach along XZ
N240 G94 F..
N250 G21 G01 G42 X10 Y11.18
N260 G00 Z-8 Pass setting on Z
N270 G01 Y-11.18 Execution of flat 1
N280 G00 X-10
N290 G01 Y11.18 Execution of flat 2
N300 G00 Z3
N310 G40 G20 X100
N320 ...
4 - 232 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Execution of a shape
10 3
ø 65
5
R
R
5
ol
To
OP 5 X (CO)
4
N..
N200 G00 G40 G52 X.. Z.. M05
N210 T8 D8 M06 (CUTTER D=8)
N230 X70 Z2 Tool approach along XZ
N240 G94 F..
N250 G92 R1
N260 G21 G00 G41 X-5 Y35
N270 G00 Z-3 Pass setting on Z
N280 G01 Y5
N290 X5
N300 G03 X5 Y15 R5
N310 G01 Y35
N320 G00 G40 G20 X200
N330 G52 X0 Z0
N340 ...
en-938820/5 4 - 233
4.14.4 Programming in Cylindrical Coordinates
G22 Programming in cylindrical

coordinates (X, Y, Z).
The system performs cylindrical/polar Z

coordinate conversion (Y-Z converted to
Z-C). C
Interpolation of the C axis allows milling

on the developed cylinder with radius X.
The tool is driven by an auxiliary spindle.
Syntax
N.. [G40] G22 [G00/G01] [G41/G42] [X.. Y.. Z..] [G94 F..]

G22 Programming in cylindrical/polar coordinates.
G00/G01 Interpolations.
G41/G42 Radius offset to the left or right of the profile.
G94 F.. Feed rate in mm/min.

Cancellation
Notes
Programming
G22 is used for programming addresses:
- X, Y and Z by interpolation G01
- Y, Z, J and K by interpolations G02 and G03.
4 - 234 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
When the C axis rotates in the positive direction, the Y axis also increases positively.
Position Y0 coincides with position C0 of the C axis.
With G22, canned cycles are not authorised. The use of a canned cycle causes
generation of error message 76.
Programming of a point in G22:
N.. ...
N.. Xa Za
N.. Z
a a
N.. G22 Yb Zb
N..
b b
4
N
o C
Y
During transition from G20 to G22:

- if the last block in G20 included a movement along X, it must be programmed
with a positive value,
- the system must not be programmed in PGP (Profile Geometry Programming).
During cancellation of G22 by G20:
- the system must not be programmed in PGP.
Failure to comply with the transition and cancellation conditions causes generation
of error message 75.
Offsets
No offsets are allowed in G22 mode.
In G20 mode, origin offsets G59 are possible:
- Before the call to function G22, the start point on the C axis can be modified,
e.g. N.. G59 C..
- During the programme, the position of the Z axis can be modified, but this
requires a return to state G20, e.g. N.. G59 Z..
en-938820/5 4 - 235
Tool corrections
No changes in the tool corrections are authorised in G22. The corrections must
therefore be programmed and modified in G20.
Feed rate limiting

The feed rate is limited by the maximum feed rate authorised on the C axis and the
current value of the positioning radius.
For machining small diameters, the system may have to decrease the feed rate so
as not to exceed the maximum rotation speed on the C axis.
The system automatically limits the minimum feed rate when it is incompatible on the
programmed path. When the minimum speed is reached, the system returns error
message 34.
Initialisation of the cartesian position on the Y axis

Positioning to the first point programmed in G22 is carried out by computing the
function start value on the Y axis from the value on the X axis and on the C axis,
interpreted between -180 and +180, giving:
Y = θ . X (θ = angle on the C axis between + and - π).
4 - 236 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Example
ø 30
b
a
4
X OP Z
OP
30 10
N.. 4
N200 G00 G40 G52 X.. Z.. M05
N210 T08 D08 M06 (CUTTER D=4)
N230 X32 Z-10 Point a, tool approach along XZ
N240 C0 C axis in zero point
N240 G94 F50
N250 G01 X28 Cut application in X
N260 G22 Y-10 Z-40 F.. Point b
N270 G20 X32
N280...
REMARK Homing is required on the C axis.
en-938820/5 4 - 237
4.15 Other Functions
4.15.1 Dwell
G04 Programmable dwell. F. .
Continuation of the programme is

interrupted for the time programmed with
argument F.
60
45 15
30
Syntax
N.. G04 F..
G04 Programmable dwell.

F.. Dwell in seconds (0.01 to 99.99 seconds, format F022).
Mandatory argument F must be programmed immediately
after the function.

Cancellation
REMARK Function G04 is cancelled before the end of the block when it is
programmed with function G10.
4 - 238 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Notes
Function G04 F.. does not cancel the feed rates programmed with F in the previous
block(s).
Example:
N.. ...
N50 G01 Xa Za F0.2 Feed rate 0.2 mm/rev
N60 G04 F1.5 Dwell 1.5 seconds
N70 Xb Zb After 1.5 seconds
Machining resumes at
0.2 mm/rev 4
N..
If G04 is programmed at the start of a block containing a move, the dwell will occur
at the end of the block.
Example:
N.. ...
N.. G01 G04 F5 X100 Z100 Dwell after movement
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 239
4.15.2 Programmed Feed Stop
M12 Programmed feed stop. M12
This function requires operator action ARUS

after the feed stop (ARUS).
The axis jogs or handwheel are made
available.
Syntax
N.. M12 [$0...]
M12 Programmed feed stop.

$0... Message for the operator (see Sec. 4.19).

Function M12 is a decoded modal «post» function.
Cancellation
The function is cancelled by pressing the CYCLE key on the machine panel.
4 - 240 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Notes
M12 is ignored by the system unless bit 1 of word 1 of machine parameter P7 is set.
When function M12 enables the axis jogs or handwheel:
- the operator can only make movements in continuous jog mode (J.ILL),
- during axis movements, the system remains in the current execution mode:
automatic (AUTO) or single step (SINGLE).
When the operator cancels the function after any axis movements, the programme
is resumed from the new position (axis recall not required).
Function M12 is ignored in test (TEST) and sequence number search (SEARCH)
modes.
4
Example
N.. ...
N300 G00 Z80 M12 $0 MOVEMENT ON X, THEN CYCLE START
N310 ..
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 241
4.15.3 Feed Enhancement
G12 Feed enhancement by

handwheel.

handwheels, this functions is used to ed
Fe
increase the speed of movement on the
linear or circular paths programmed in
the block.
Overspeed is applied to the first
handwheel.
Syntax
N.. [G01/G02/G03] G12 X.. Z.. [F..] [$0 ...]
G01/G02/G03 Linear or circular interpolation.

G12 Enabling of rapid feed by handwheel.
X.. Z.. End point.
F.. Feed rate.
$0 ... Message for the operator (see Sec. 4.19).

Cancellation
4 - 242 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Notes
Continuation to the next block is carried out when the programmed position is
reached.
The overspeed coefficient applied by function G12 is defined in parameter P13 (see
Parameter Manual).
Example
N.. ...
N60 G01 G12 X.. Z.. F0.2 $0 ACTUATE THE HANDWHEEL
N..
4
en-938820/5 4 - 243
4.15.4 Programming in Inches or Metric Data
G70 Inch data input
)
This function is used to programme data
( inch
in inches. G70
G71 Metric data input.

)
( mm
This function is used to programme data G71
in metric units.
Syntax
N.. G70/G71
G70 Inch data input.

G71 Metric data input.

Function G71 or G70 is the default function.
Cancellation
Notes
Programming can be changed from inches to metric units and vice versa in machine
parameter P7 (see Parameter Manual).
It should be noted that the choice of the displayed unit (inches or metric units) is made
by the automatic control function (see the C_UNIT variable in the Automatic Control
Function Programming Manual).
4 - 244 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Formats specific to inch data input (G70)
Addresses Formats
X, Y, Z, U, V, W, I, J, K +044
P, Q, R, ER etc... +044
Inch data input (G70) for programme variable «L» and external parameters «E»
(see Chapter 6)
The programming must be suited to the operations carried out on the dimensions and
external parameters «E» expressed in their own units. 4
Examples
Programming of a dimension using programme variable L

N.. ...
N.. G70
N.. L1 = 10
N.. G01 XL1 L1 is equal to 10 inches
Programming of a dimension using an external parameter E

N.. ...
N.. G70
N.. E80000 = 100000
N.. G01 XE80000 E80000 is equal to 10 inches
(format +044)
Modification of a tool dimension by the programme

External parameter E50001 represents the length of tool 1.
Its value is always held in mm.
N.. ...
N.. G70
N.. L10 = E50001/25400 L10 = length of tool 1 converted to
inches
N.. L2 = 100 + L10 L2 = length of tool 1 + 100 inches
N.. E50001 = L2 * 25400 Modification of the length of tool 1 with
conversion in mm
en-938820/5 4 - 245
4.15.5 Axis Clamping and Unclamping
M10 Clamp.
This function is used to clamp those axes with clamps that are not required to move.
M11 Unclamp.
This functions cancels axis clamping.
Syntax
N.. [G00/G01/ G02/ G03] M10/M11 X.. Z.. C..

M10 Clamp.
M11 Unclamp.

Cancellation
Functions M10 and M11 cancel one another.
Notes
The axes recognised as able to be clamped by function M10 are declared in machine
parameter P8 (see Parameter Manual).
When function M10 is programmed, the system generates a timeout followed by a
handshake (CRM) before executing the movements in the next block.
4 - 246 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.15.6 Coolant
M08 Coolant 1 on.
M07 Coolant 2 on.

M08
These functions turn on the coolant
pumps.
M07
M09 Coolant off.
4
This function stops the coolant pumps.
Syntax
N.. M08/M07
M08 Coolant 1 on.

M07 Coolant 2 on.
N.. M09
M09 Coolants 1 and 2 off.

Function M09 is a decoded modal «post» function. It is the default function.
Cancellation
Functions M08 and M07 are cancelled by functions M09 or M02.
Example
N.. ...
N40 G00 X.. Z.. M08 Coolant 1 on
N50 G01 Z.. M07 Coolant 2 on
N..
N230 G00 G52 Z-100 M05 M09 All coolant off
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 247
4.15.7 Programme Stop
M00 Programme stop.

Programme
This function stops execution of the %25
current programme. N..
After intervention or a check, the operator N..
restarts the programme. N . .M00
N..
N..
Syntax
N.. [G40] M00 [$0 ...]

M00 Programme stop.

Cancellation
This function is cancelled by pressing the CYCLE key.
4 - 248 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Notes
When function M00 is read in a block:
- continuation to the next block is interrupted and spindle rotation is stopped,
- the contents of the field in the status window are modified and the indicator CYCLE
is replaced by M00.
After action or check by the operator, pressing the CYCLE key restarts the pro-
gramme. The indicator M00 is replaced by CYCLE.
M00 must be programmed with the system in G40 mode (radius offset cancel).
Spindle rotation must be reprogrammed after a stop programmed by M00.
Transfer of function M00 to the PLC 4

Function M00 is transmitted to the PLC at the end of execution of the block in which
it is programmed, but before waiting for axis group synchronisation if required (G78..)
in a system with multiple axis groups (in this case, stopping of the spindle is taken into
account when synchronisation is completed).
Example
N.. ...
N.. G01 G41 X.. Z.. F0.3 M08
N..
N190 G00 G40 Z200 M09 Tool retraction before intervention
N200 M00 $0 REMOVE CHIPS BEFORE Stop and message
FINISHING
N210 G00 G41 X.. Z.. M03 Continuation of the programme
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 249
4.15.8 Optional Stop
M01 Optional stop.

M01 Programme
When confirmed by the operator M01 %12
causes a stop in programme execution. N..
After intervention or check, the cycle is N..
restarted by the operator. N..
N . . M01
N..
Syntax
N.. [G40] M01 [$0 ...]

M01 Optional stop.

Cancellation
The function is cancelled by pressing the CYCLE key.
4 - 250 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Notes
When function M01 is read in a block (M01 confirmed):
- continuation to the next block is interrupted and spindle rotation is stopped,
- the contents of the field in the status window are modified and the indicator CYCLE
is replaced by M00.
After action or check by the operator, pressing the CYCLE key restarts the pro-
gramme. The indicator M01 is replaced by CYCLE.
Function M01 must be programmed with the system in G40 mode (radius offset
cancel).
Spindle rotation must be reprogrammed after a stop programmed by M01.
4
Transfer of function M01 to the PLC
Function M01 is transmitted to the PLC at the end of execution of the block in which
it is programmed, but before waiting for axis group synchronisation if required (G78..)
in a system with multiple axis groups (in this case, stopping of the spindle is taken into
account when synchronisation is completed).
Example
N.. ...
N.. G01 G42 X.. Z.. F0.2 M08
N..
N290 G00 G40 Z200 M09 Tool retraction before intervention
N300 M01 $0 CHECK DIMENSION 50 Stop if M01 is confirmed
EVERY 5 PARTS and message
N310 G00 G42 X.. Z.. M03 Continuation of the programme
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 251
4.15.9 Cancellation of MDI and EDIT modes
M999 Programmed cancellation of the edit (EDIT) and manual data input
(MDI) modes and subroutine calls by the automatic control function.
When this function is programmed, the operator cannot call the EDIT and MDI modes
and the PLC cannot call subroutines.
M998 Reactivation of the edit (EDIT) and manual data input (MDI) modes and
subroutine calls by the automatic control function.
Syntax
N.. M998/M999
M999 Programmed cancellation of the edit (EDIT) and manual

data input (MDI) modes and subroutine calls by the PLC
function.
M998 Reactivation of the edit (EDIT) and manual data input
(MDI) modes and subroutine calls by the automatic control
function.

Function M998 is the default function.
Cancellation
Functions M998 and M999 cancel one another (M998 and M999 can also be
cancelled by M997 and M02).
M999 is cancelled by a reset.
4 - 252 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Notes
Programming M999 allows:
- manual movements (JOG or MANUAL),
- use of enhanced feed by handwheel (G12),
- use of stop on switch (G10).
Programming M999 inhibits:
- switch to sequence number search (SEARCH) mode during execution of a
sequence of blocks «masked» by programming M999 (ignored by the NC),
- action by the PLC or the operator during execution of a sequence of blocks.
Programming M999 allows the use of variables L100 to L199, L900 to L999 and
symbolic variables [...] in the same way as variables L0 to L19 (see Chapters 6 and 7).
4
Writing to these variables or transfering current values into the part programme are
not normally carried out until the end of the previous block (M999 allows anticipated
execution of these operations).
Example
Use of variables L
In programme %1, block N100 is not prepared and executed until block N90 is
completed.
In programme %2, block N100 is prepared before execution of N80 and there is no
stop at the end of block N90.
%1 %2
N.. ... N..
N.. ... N80 M999
N90 X.. Z.. N90 X.. Z..
N100 L110 = 1 + L110 N100 L110 = 1 + L110
N110 XL110 N110 XL110
N120 L120 = L110 + L10 N120 L120 = L110 + L10
N130 ZL120 N130 ZL120
N.. N140 M998
N.. N..
en-938820/5 4 - 253
4.15.10 Forced Block Continuation
M997 Forced block continuation.

Programme
Blocks following this function are %30

executed automatically in sequence until N..
a cancelling function is read. N..
N70 M997
N80
Forcing N90
N100
N..
Syntax
N.. M997
M997 Forced block sequencing.

Cancellation
Modal function M997 is cancelled by functions M998, M999 and M02.
Notes
Use of function M997 in single step (SINGLE) mode

If the operator starts programme execution in single mode, reading M997 during the
programme causes sequencing of the following blocks as though the system were in
continuous mode.
Use of function M997 with a subroutine call by M function requested in manual data
input (MDI) mode
Programming this function causes execution of the subroutine in continuous mode.

In either case, M997 can only be cancelled by a cancellation function.
4 - 254 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.15.11 Potentiometer Inhibit
M49 Spindle speed and feed rate

potentiometer inhibit. 100% 100%
During execution of the programme, the

operator cannot override the spindle
speed and feed rate. The potentiometers
are forced to 100 percent.
M48 Spindle speed and feed rate

potentiometer enable. 4
Spindle speed Feed rate
Syntax
N.. M49/M48
M49 Spindle speed and feed rate potentiometer inhibit.

M48 Spindle speed and feed rate potentiometer enable.

Function M48 is a decoded modal «pre» function. It is the default function.
Cancellation
Functions M48 and M49 cancel one another.
Notes
Programming M49 causes:
- forcing of a feed rate of 100 percent (with M48, feed rate override possible from
0 to 120% of the value programmed with F),
- forcing of a spindle speed of 100 percent (with M48, spindle speed override
possible from 50 to 100% of the value programmed with S).
Display on the information (INFO) page is not affected by programming M49. The real
percentage corresponding to the potentiometer setting is displayed.
To stop programme execution while the potentiometers are inhibited, press the feed
stop (ARUS) key then the reset (RAZ) key.
en-938820/5 4 - 255
4.15.12 Block Skip
/ Block skip.
Programme
A block preceded by a slash «/» is ignored
when block skip is enabled by the %50
operator. N..
N..
/N . .
/N . .
/N . .
N..
Syntax
/ N.. (Contents unimportant)
/ Block skip (/).

N.. Block number.
Cancellation
By inhibiting block skip.
Notes
Block skip «/» is active when confirmed by the operator (the «/» indicator is displayed
in the status window).
It is only possible to enable block skip «/» when the system has been reset or after
M00 or M01.
4 - 256 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Examples
Programming of «/»
If block skip is enabled, blocks N300, N310, N320 are ignored and the programme
goes from block N290 to block N330.
N.. ...
N290 ...
/N300 G00 X.. Z..
/N310 Z..
/N320 G01 Y.. Z.. F0.3
N330
N.. 4
Programming of «/» with M01
If block skip is inhibited, the blocks preceded by «/» are read by the system and M01
enabled is active.
N.. ...
N.. D11
/N150 G00 G41 X.. Z..
/N160 Z..
/N170 G01 X.. F0.15
/N180 G00 G40 Z150
/N190 M01 $0 CHECK DIMENSION 20 AND CORRECT D11 IF NECESSARY
N200
N..
en-938820/5 4 - 257
4.15.13 Programmed Acceleration Reduction
EG.. Programmed acceleration reduction.
This function followed by a value sets the maximum acceleration tolerated on the
programmed movements. This allows the stresses due to movement of heavy loads
to be limited.
Syntax
N.. EG..
EG.. Programmed acceleration reduction. A positive integer

giving the percentage between 1 and 100(%) of the value
set by machine parameter P32 (see Parameter Manual).

Function EG.. is modal.
Function EG is forced to 100 percent at power on.
Cancellation
Function EG is cancelled by:
- programming a new value (EG..),
- a reset.
Notes
On the information (INFO) page:
- EG1 to EG99 is displayable,
- EG100 is not displayable..
During programmed interpolated movements, the reduced acceleration is always
taken into account by the interpolators except in the case of a feed stop (ARUS) or
activation of the feed safety device.
Acceleration reduction is ignored in the following modes or functions:
- axis jog (JOG),
- homing (HOME),
- action after a programme stop (M12).
Example
N.. ...
N40 EG50 G00 X.. Acceleration reduced to 50% on X
N..
4 - 258 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.15.14 Scaling Factor
G74 Scaling factor enable.
This function allows execution of scaled parts from a single programmed part or form.
The scaling ratio can be entered from the keyboard or programmed.
G73 Scaling factor cancel.
Syntax
4
N.. [G40] G74/G73
G74 Scaling factor enable. The scaling ratio declared can be

between 1 and 9999 over 1000 (0.001 to 9.999) and it must
be an integer.
G73 Scaling factor cancel.

Cancellation
Modal functions G73 and G74 cancel one another.
Function G74 is cancelled by the end of programme function (M02).
Notes
Scaling is about the programme origin (OP).
The scaling ratio can be entered from the alphanumeric keyboard or programmed by
external parameter E69000 (see Sec. 6.2).
Functions G73 and G74 must be programmed:
- with the system in G40 mode (radius offset cancel),
- in a block that does not contain any circular interpolation,
- outside a sequence of incompletely defined PGP (Profile geometry Programming)
blocks.
en-938820/5 4 - 259
Scaling affects:
- the values programmed for the primary and secondary axes (X, Y, Z, U, V, W),
- the programme origin offset (G59).
Scaling does not affect:
- the values programmed for the rotary axes (A, B, C),
- the part origin DAT1,
- the shift between the part origin and the program origin (DAT2),
- tool dimensions (X, Z, R),
- programming with reference to the measurement origin (G52),
- the clearance dimension for machining cycles G81 to G89.
Entry of the scaling factor from the alphanumeric keyboard

Refer to the operator’s manual.
Examples
Programming the scaling factor by external parameter E69000

External parameter E69000 is a read/write parameter. The value programmed must
be an integer.
N.. ...
N40 E69000 = 250 Ratio 250/1000, i.e. reduction to 0.25
N50 G74 G00 X.. Z..
N..
N200 G73 Scaling factor cancel
N..
The scaling factor can be tested by a conditional branch in the programme.
N.. ...
N.. G79 E69000 = 300 N210 If the ratio is equal to 300, jump to
block N210
N..
N..
N210
N..
4 - 260 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.15.15 Mirror Function
G51 Mirror function.
This function allows symmetrical machining of programme sections defining a

quarter or half of the part.
The mirror is enabled or cancelled according to the axis and algebraic sign arguments
programmed with the function.
Syntax 4
N.. G51 X- (Y-) Z-
G51 Mirror function.

X- (Y-) Z- The minus sign (-) enables the mirror function on the X, Y,
Z axes.

Function G51 is nonmodal. The axis arguments X, (Y), Z associated with the function
are modal.
Cancellation
Mirroring on the programmed axes is cancelled by:
- function G51 followed by one or more arguments X+, (Y+) or Z+ cancelling the
former state G51,
- a reset.
en-938820/5 4 - 261
Notes
When G51 is programmed:
- it must be programmed with at least one argument (axis and sign),
- it must be programmed alone with its arguments in the block,
- several axes can be enabled or inhibited in the same block,
- the axes to which the mirror function applies are displayable on the information
page (INFO),
- if the mirror function is applied to a carried axis, it is also automatically applied to
the carrier axis.
The mirror function affects:
- the sign of the designated axes. The sign change is carried out with respect to the
programme origin defined by DAT1 and DAT2,
- the origin offsets programmed (G59),
- tool radius offset (G41, G42),
- the direction of rotation with circular interpolation (G02, G03).
The mirror function does not apply to:
- the part origin DAT1,
- the shift between the part origin and the programme origin (DAT2),
- the tool dimensions (X, Z, R),
- programming with respect to the measurement origin (G52).
When the mirror function is enabled on the axis corresponding to the tool orientation
axis, a new orientation must be programmed (G16 ...). Example:
N.. ...
N30 G16 P- Tool axis orientation along X-
N..
N80 G51 X- Mirror on X
N90 G16 P+ Tool axis orientation along X+
N..
4 - 262 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Use of mirror function on A and C rotary axes

The function reverses the direction of
rotation of the rotary axes and takes the
complement to 360 degrees. + -
If C30 is programmed: the axis moves to OP
30° 330°
330 degrees in the negative direction.
60° 320°
If C300 is programmed: the axis moves
to 60 degrees in the positive direction.
4
REMARK When the mirror function is applied to a rotary axis, it should be checked
by a test before machining that the axis rotates in the required direction.
Influence of the mirror function on circular interpolation

The function reverses the clockwise (G02) and counterclockwise (G03) rotations.
Programming in polar coordinates Programming in cartesian coordinates
(G20: XZ) (G21: XYZ)
Z MIRROR X MIRROR
X+ Y+
G02 G03 G02 G03
OP OP
Z- Z+ X- X+
G03 G02 G03 G02

X- Y-
ZX MIRROR X MIRROR XY MIRROR Y MIRROR
en-938820/5 4 - 263
4.15.16 Processing of Blocks and Programmed G and M Functions
G999 Suspension of execution and forcing of block concatenation.
The blocks programmed after G999 are concatenated. The movements are no longer
made on the axes and functions M, S and T are no longer processed.
G998 Enabling of execution of the blocks and part of the functions processed
in state G999.
The movements and functions processed in state G999 are enabled and executed
with the exception of certain functions which are only stored (decoded M «post»
functions, timeouts and synchronisation functions for multiple axis groups).
G997 Enabling and execution of all the functions stored in state G999.
All the functions programmed (without exception) are enabled and executed,
including those processed in state G999.
Syntax
N.. G999 / G998 / G997
G999 Suspends execution and forces block concatenation.

G998 Enables execution of the blocks and part of the functions
processed in state G999.
G997 Enables and executes all the functions stored in state
G999.

Functions G999, G998 and G997 are modal.
Cancellation
Functions G999, G998 and G997 cancel one another.
4 - 264 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Notes
Notes on Function G999

After execution has been suspended and the blocks have been concatenated by
G999, analysis of the following blocks continues and the values encountered in these
blocks of the part programme are stored in special symbolic variables.
These variables can be used to perform computations or read programmed values,
but the axes are not moved and the M, T and S functions are not processed.
A subroutine call by function Gxxx (see Supplementary Programming Manual)
implicitly sets function G999. This function then has to be cancelled by including
functions G998 and/or G997 in the subroutine.
4
During the return to the part programme, state G999 is systematically reset as long
as the subroutine call function (Gxxx) remains present and active (no G80).
Notes on function G998

Function G998 enables and executes:
- movements on the axes,
- auxiliary functions such as spindle speed (S), tool number (T), decoded «pre» M
functions.
Function G998 stores the following functions but does not enable them:
- decoded «post» M functions (e.g. M05, M09, etc.),
- dwells (G04 F..),
- axis multigroup synchronisation functions (G78 ...).
en-938820/5 4 - 265
Example
Sequencing of functions G999, G998 and G997

%55
N.. ...
N.. G999 S2500 M03
N.. G00 X100 G04 F5 Blocks concatenated by G999
N.. G01 Z10
N.. ...
N.. M05
N.. G998
N.. ... Enabling of S2500 M03 («pre» M
function) and movements on the axes to
X100 and Z10
N.. ...
N.. X200 T02 M04 Movement to X200 and enabling of
T02 M04
N.. ...
N.. G997 Enabling of G04 F4 (dwell) and M05
(«post» M function)
4 - 266 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.16 «Inclined Axis» or «Inclined Wheel» State on a Grinder

General
On a grinding machine, the «inclined axis» or «inclined wheel» state can be declared
by programming the corresponding external parameter E (see Sec. 6.2):
- parameter E69001 for the «inclined axis» state,
- parameter E 69002 for the «inclined wheel» state.
In both cases, the angle of inclination declared:
- can be positive or negative,
- must be between -80 and +80 degrees (or error message 94 is returned),
- is expressed in thousandths of a degree.
It should be noted that the «inclined axis» and «inclined wheel» states cannot be
4
declared together in an axis group (otherwise error message 95 is returned) and that
the angle of inclination is saved after a reset.
4.16.1 «Inclined Axis» State
Angle Declaration in the «Inclined Axis» State
The inclination angle can be declared: X X'

,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,
- by programming external parameter ,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,
E690001. Example: E69001 = -20000 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,
(angle = -20 degrees), or, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,
- by DNC1000 (request to write ,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
segment 135. See Automatic Control A ,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
Function Programming Manual).
+ - ,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
X
The axis inclination is the value of angle
A between the penetration axis along X
and the normal to the workpiece-holder
Z
spindle.
In the «inclined axis» state, movements
programmed on the axis are parallel to
the axis inclination angle.
REMARK A declaration programmed in DNC1000 is rejected if linear or circular
interpolation is activated.
Check of Travels
The travels declared in the machine parameters are relative to the physical axes.
With linear or circular interpolation (system in state G20) it is checked that the path
does not go beyond the soft limits on the X and Z axes.
en-938820/5 4 - 267
Axis Movement
When an axis inclination is entered, the following elements can be defined in
cartesian coordinates:
- linear and circular movements (the system performs the conversion of these
movements for the servo-system)
- machining parameters such as origin offset, machine travels and tool
corrections.
The pivot point of the inclined axis must be referenced to the measurement origin.
4.16.1.1 Initial Tool Positioning Before Machining on an Inclined Axis
G07 Initial tool positioning before X ,,,,,,,,,,,

,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
machining on an inclined ,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
axis. Xi ,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
A ,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
This functions defines the location on the b a

Z axis where it intersects with the line
parallel to the inclined axis going through
the reference point whose position is Reference
programmed with the function. point
In the figure:
- point a: path start, Z
- point b: intersection with the line Z
parallel to the inclined axis.
Syntax
N.. [G90] [G00/G01] G07 X.. Z..
G90 Programming in absolute dimensions (always).

G07 Initial tool positioning before machining on the inclined
axis.
X.. Z.. Reference point.

Cancellation
4 - 268 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.16.1.2 Movement Along the Inclined Axis
G05 Movement along the inclined X ,,,,,,,,,,

,,,,,,,,,,
axis. ,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,
Xi ,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,
A ,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,
This function defines movement on the X a
axis parallel to the inclined axis up to the
cartesian end point programmed.
In the figure: X
- point a: path start point, b
- point b: end point. 4
Z
Syntax
N.. [G90/G91] [G00/G01] G05 X..

G05 Programming of a movement along the inclined axis.
X.. End point.

Cancellation
Notes
Function G07 must always be programmed before function G05.
For functions G05 and G07, failure to comply with the following programming rules
cause generation of error message 7:
- the functions must be programmed in plane G20,
- the interpolation must be programmed by G00 or G01,
- function G07 must be followed by X and Z,
- function G05 must be followed by X.
en-938820/5 4 - 269
Example
Positioning in Z and X in absolute dimensions (G90) with axis inclined by -20 degrees.
N..
N.. E69001=-200000 Axis inclination by parameter E
N.. G97 S300 M03 M40
N.. G95 F0.1
N..
N.. G00 X60 Z70 Point a, position before the branch to G07
N110 G07 X10 Z25 Definition of the reference point (o)
and positioning in point b on Z
N120 G05 X30 Point c, positioning on X
N130 G01 G05 X20 F0.2 Point o, positioning on X
N..
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
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,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
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,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
X ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
N110 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
20° ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Xi
0
b a
N12
c
0
N13
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ISO Programming
4.16.2 «Inclined Wheel» State
Angle Declaration in the «Inclined Wheel» State
The angle is declared by programming

A
external parameter E69002. Example: ,,,,,,,,,,,,
E69002 = -15000 (angle = -15 degrees).
+ -
,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
In the «inclined wheel» state, wheel ,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
movements programmed on X and Z are ,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
orthogonal. ,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
Functions G05 and G07 (see Secs.
X ,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
4
4.16.1.1 and 4.16.1.2) are used in the
same way as in the «inclined axis» state
(see example below). Z
Example
Positioning in Z and X in absolute dimensions (G90) with wheel inclined by -15
degrees.
N..
N.. E69002=-150000 Wheel inclination by parameter E
N.. G97 S300 M03 M40
N.. G95 F0.1
N..
N100 G00 X50 Z50 Point a, position before the branch to G07
N110 G07 X20 Z25 Definition of the reference point (o)
and positioning in point b on Z
N120 G01 G05 X20 F0.2 Point o, approach along X
N130 G05 X50 Point b, return along X
N140 G07 X5 Z30 Definition of the reference point (o')
and positioning in point c on Z
N150 G05 X10 Point o', approach along X
N160 Z50 Point d, movement along Z
N..
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,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
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,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
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,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
X N110 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
b a c
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
0
0
N140
N12
N15
0
N13
o
N160
d
o'
4 - 272 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.17 Special Programming for Multiple Axis Groups

4.17.1 Programme Declaration
A multiple axis group machining programme is a combination of the programmes
corresponding to each axis group.
Each programme name has a common radical followed by the index designating the
axis group, e.g.:
%61.1 Programme for group 1
%61.2 Programme for group 2
Format of the programme number: %05.1 (indices .1 to .8).
4
The programmes corresponding to all the groups must be loaded in the NC.
Otherwise, the machining programme cannot be started (unless one or more groups
are inhibited).
4.17.2 Programming Notes

The use of the programme start address «%» must not appear in any comments
located in a programme.
Programmable axes
The NC can control 32 axes that can be distributed in a maximum of 8 axis groups.
Each group can include up to 9 axes declared in machine parameter P9 by the
machine manufacturer (see parameter manual).
Example: 5-axis lathe, 2 axis groups
Group 1: axes X Z C
Group 2: axes U W
Axes belonging to different groups can have the same address names. In the above
example, axes U and W of group 2 could have been called X and Z.
It should be noted that for correct operation of a lathe with multiple axis groups, the
secondary U and W axes must be declared as carried by the X and Z axes (see
parameter P64 in the Parameter Manual).
Each axis group is enabled by the interface. It is possible to inhibit one or more axis
groups by a switch on the machine panel (see manufacturer’s documentation).
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T Function
A tool number T.. of the programme with index .1 can have the same number as a tool
in other programmes without necessarily corresponding to the same tool. Example:
%10.1 %10.2
N.. ... N.. ...
N.. T05 M06 (DRILL) N.. T05 M06 (TURNING TOOL)
N.. N..
This is not so for programmes with indices .2 to .8, whese the tool numbers used must
be different.
For more details on processing of the T function, refer to the Automatic Control
Function Programming Manual.
Tool corrections
The tool correction table is shared by all the programmes.
On a secondary axis (U and/or W), the tool dimensions can only be taken into account
if the axis is declared carried (see machine parameter P64).
Programme variables
Variables L can be used in each programme.
L0-L19, L100-L199 and L900-L959: these variables can be used differently by each
axis group (no interaction between the programmes).
External Parameters
Parameters E are common to all the programmes (except for parameters E50000,
E51000, E6x000 and E7x000 which must each be used for a single axis group).
4 - 274 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.17.3 Subroutine branches for Multi-Axis Groups

Subroutines which are not part of the machining programme must always include the
index of the calling group. For instance: %xxx.i (i = axis group number).
4.17.3.1 Branch to Automatic Homing Subroutine

Homing can be carried out automatically on each of the axes of the group by running
subroutine %9990.i (i = axis group number).
Requirements for running subroutine %9990.i

Action on the cycle start button in homing mode runs subroutine %9990.i for the group
if no other programme is being executed.
4
The automatic homing programme is run simultaneously on all the existing CNC axis
groups.
Subroutine %9990.i can also be called as subroutine in another programme while
preserving the property of being able to move the machine axes without affecting their
homing. This possibility can be used for homing a PLC axis group. If such a
programme can be used in homing mode or as a subroutine, it can also end as follows:
IF [.IRH(1)] = 9990.i THEM M02
ENDI
If it is not a subroutine, then set M02
For information on the above programming, refer to the Supplementary Programming
Manual.
4.17.3.2 Subroutine Call by a Reset

On a reset, the NC groups can execute subroutines with numbers %11000.i (i = group
number).
Aside from the fact that the subroutine numbers include the index (i) of each NC
group, the branch is the same as the subroutine branch by reset for a single axis group
(see Sec. 4.11.9).
en-938820/5 4 - 275
4.17.3.3 Subroutine Call by the Automatic Control Function
The automatic control function can call and execute a subroutine with number
%9999.i (i = axis group number).
The call is the same as a subroutine call with a single axis group (see Sec. 4.11.4)
except for the CNC axis group number (i).
4.17.3.4 Subroutine Call by M Function

An M.. function can call and execute a subroutine with number %xxx.i (i = axis group
number).
The call is the same as a subroutine call with a single axis group (see Sec. 4.11.2)
except for the CNC axis group number (i).
Example
With two axis groups (1 and 2), call of two subroutines %255.1 and %255.2 with
different contents by function M55.
P35
N0 55
N1 255
Group 1
M55 %255.1
Group 2
M55 %255.2
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ISO Programming
4.17.4 Spindle Programming

The spindle characteristics are defined in parameter P6 (see parameter manual).
A spindle can be:
- controlled by an axis group,
- independent.
Spindle controlled by an axis group

At any one time, a spindle can be controlled by only one axis group and an axis group
can control only one spindle.
In an axis group, selection of another spindle by one of the functions M62 to M65 is
only accepted if the spindle is not currently controlled by any other axis group 4
(otherwise, the system returns error message 38).
Independent spindle
An independent spindle is a spindle which is not controlled by any axis group or a
spindle that has been released by the group which controlled it.
The release of a spindle by a group is carried out by function M61 (see Sec. 4.17.5).
Only an independent spindle can be selected by a group for control by that group (see
Sec. 4.17.5).
Spindles not assigned to a group become independent.
Spindle Control
For features corresponding to spindle control (see Sec. 4.3.5).
Spindle Measurement
For features corresponding to spindle measurement (see Sec. 4.3.6).
Reminder
When a lathe is equipped with a milling spindle with indexing performed by the NC:
- the milling spindle is indexed by function EC..,
- the turning spindle is indexed by positioning on the C axis.
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4.17.5 Current Spindle Release by an Axis Group
M61 Current spindle release by an axis group.
This function is used to release the current spindle in the group for control by another
group.
Syntax
N.. M61
M61 Current spindle release by an axis group.

Cancellation
Function M61 is cancelled by functions M62 to M65.
Notes
After release of the spindle by M61, the spindle can be selected for control by one of
the functions M62 to M65 in the programme of another axis group.
If the spindle to be controlled was not released, the system generates error message
38.
Example
Group 1 programme Group 2 programme
%40.1 %40.2
N.. ... N.. ...
N.. N.. G97 S500 M04 M65 M40
N.. N..
N.. N.. M61 Release of spindle 2
N.. N..
N.. G97 S1000 M03 M41 M65 N..
N.. N..
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ISO Programming
4.17.6 Axis Group Synchronisation
G78 Axis group synchronisation.
This function is used to manage the synchronisation of steps in the execution of each
programme.
Syntax
N.. G78 Q.. / Pj.i
G78 Axis group synchronisation. 4

Q.. Declaration of a marker in the current axis group.
Pj.i Wait for a marker in another axis group.
Argument P contains two digits separated by a decimal
point:
- j is the marker number,
- i is the index of the group in which the marker is to be
tested.

Cancellation
Argument Q associated with the function is initialised with zero (Q0) at power on.
Reset of Q.. markers can be programmed by including instruction G78 Q0 in a
programme.
Notes
Function G78 can be followed by several arguments, but at least one is mandatory.
The declaration of a marker and the conditions for continuation of the programme can
be programmed in the same block, e.g.:
N.. G78 Q3 P5.2 P6.3
The choice of the axis group and the related transition conditions can be enabled
selectively by the PLC (see automatic control function programming manual).
en-938820/5 4 - 279
The markers declared in a programme must be numbered in increasing order but not
necessarily in increments of one, e.g.:
N.. ...
N90 G78 Q1 ...
N..
N200 G78 Q6 ...
N..
REMARK A marker is crossed when the tested marker is reached.
Example
Programme synchronisation with markers
%50.1 %50.2 %50.3

N.. N.. N..
N.. N.. N.. G78 P2.1 P1.2 Wait Q2
N.. N.. N.. of %50.1
N50 G78 Q1 N70 G78 P1.1 N.. of Q1
N.. N.. N.. of %50.2
N.. N.. N..
N.. G78 Q2 P1.2 Wait Q1 N.. N..
N.. of %50.2 N.. N..
N.. N..G78 Q1 N..G78 Q6
N.. N.. N..
N.. G78 P6.3 Wait Q6 N..
N.. of %50.3 N..G78 P5.1 Wait Q5
N.. N.. of %50.1
N.. N..
N.. G78 Q5
N..
Sequence N70 of programme %50.2 is crossed if programme %50.1 reaches or
passes sequence N50.
Programme %50.3 does not start until programme %50.1 reaches marker Q2 and
programme %50.2 reaches or passes marker Q1.
If axis group 3 is inhibited by the PLC programme, the steps related to programme
%50.3 are ignored in programmes %50.1 and %50.2 (wait G78 P6.3 of %50.1 is
ignored) (see Automatic Control Function Programming Manual).
4 - 280 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Programming a Meeting Point

A meeting point can be programmed with function G78 or caused by M function
programming.
Programming with function G78

When a meeting point has been programmed, the programmes do not continue until
the other programmes have reached their respective markers.
When the meeting point has been reached by all the groups, the markers can be reset
by programming G78 Q0.
Before the markers are reset by G78 Q0, the previous block must mandatorily be a
meeting point, i.e. a complete synchronisation on all the programmes. 4
Example:
Programming a meeting point on two groups (with complete synchronisation).
%63.1 %63.2
N10 N10
N.. N..
N.. N..
N.. N.. G78 Q8 P10.1
N.. G78 Q10 P8.2 G78 Q0
G78 Q0 N..
N.. N..
N.. G79 N10
N..
G79 N10
The end of a programme (M02) cancels the conditions concerning this programme
and is equivalent to inhibiting the programme.
When all the programmes are waiting, the system generates error message 33
(synchronisation impossible). This error is detectable in test mode (TEST) or
sequence number search mode (SEARCH). It is necessary to carry out a reset and
to correct the programme.
en-938820/5 4 - 281
Example
Programming a meeting point with G78 on 3 groups
%80.1 %80.2 %80.3

N.. N.. N..
N.. N.. N..
N.. N..G78 Q4 P6.1 P5.3
N.. N.. N..
N.. N..
N.. N..
N..G78 Q6 P4.2 P5.3 N..G78 Q5 P6.1 P4.2
N.. N..
The three programmes are resumed simultaneously when markers Q6, Q4 and Q5
are declared.
Programming with M functions

The following functions are meeting points:
- Programmed machining stop (M12),
- Programmed stop (M00),
- Optional programmed stop (M01).
When M00 and M01 (enabled) are programmed in only one of the programmes, the
movements of the group are stopped and the system waits for the end of the other
programmes (M02) before activating M00. After a cycle restart, only this programme
is resumed.
It should also be noted that functions M00 and M01 (even not enabled) reset the
markers.
When M01 is programmed in all the programmes but is not enabled, each of the M01
sequences is a meeting point. The cycle continues automatically as soon as all the
programmes are on their respective M01.
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ISO Programming
4.18 Special Programming of PLC Axes

4.18.1 Programme Declaration and Storage
The programmes executed by the PLC groups are identified by the radical 9998
followed by an index defining the group to which the axis belongs, e.g.:
%9998.2 Programme executed by PLC group 2.
%9998.3 Programme executed by PLC group 3.
Programme number format: %04.1 (indexes .1 to .8).
The programmes and subroutines must be stored in a memory area with a number
strictly above zero. The search for the programme is first made in area 1 and ends
where applicable in area 3.
4
When the main programme is stored after creation or replaced after editing, the group
must be reset so that its presence is taken into account.
Structure of a PLC axis group programme

When functions can be processed by a PLC axis group, the PLC must specify the
function called, which can be done by external parameter E40000, for instance (see
Sec. 6.2).
At the start of the programme:
- an M function is used as report (CRM)
- external parameter E40000 contains the sequence number of each function
requested (Na, Nb, etc.).
en-938820/5 4 - 283
Example:
Programme %9998.2 (PLC axis group 2) below contains several functions. The
second programme block defines a jump to the sequence number contained in
parameter E40000.
%9998.2
N1 M.. Wait for start by CRM
G79 NE40000 Jump to the sequence defined
Na Process the first function

..
..
..
G79 N1 Jump to the sequence
Nb Process the second function

..
..
..
G79 N1 Jump to the sequence
..
4 - 284 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.18.2 Programming of the PLC Axes

The paths on the axes of a PLC group are programmed in ISO code.
The PLC axes are programmed in the same way as the NC axes but there are
restrictions concerning the use of certain functions.
Restrictions
The following functions are unavailable:
- optional stop (M01),
- programmed feed stop (M12).
4.18.2.1 Emergency Retraction on a PLC Axis Group

4
Emergency retraction (function G75...) on a PLC axis group allows a particular
sequence to be executed in automatic mode at the request of the PLC when the same
group is in a cycle.
- No particular condition is required as to the current mode on the other axis groups
(NC and PLC)
- The emergency retraction request on a PLC axis group only affects that axis
group.
Activation of emergency retraction

Function G78 N.. defines a branch to a sequence N.. when emergency retraction is
activated. Activation is cancelled by declaring a new address G75 N.. or G75 N00.
The emergency retraction programme can be activated at the request of the
automatic control function by setting bit «C_DGURGn» for axis groups n.
- If the axis group is executing a cycle (automatic mode AUTO or single step mode
SINGLE), activation halts the programme being executed. The halt is followed by
a branch to sequence N.. programmed after G75 followed by execution of the
retraction programme until one of functions M00 or M02 is encountered
- Signal E_DEGURGn for the group remains set throughout the duration of the
emergency retraction programme. This signal is reset by encountering function
M00 or M02 which ends the emergency retraction programme.
REMARK If emergency retraction is activated but no G75 N.. was programmed,
this activation stops the axes of the group and resets the group (RAZ).
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4.18.3 Editing the Programmes
Programmes can be edited after transferring them to area 0 when the CNC is in edit
(EDIT) mode.
The programme executed is the programme with the same number located in the
area with a number above zero.
If an edited programme or subroutine is stored in an area whose number is below that
of its original area, the edited version is executed the next time this programme or a
part of it is called.
4.18.4 Exchanging Axes between Groups

The NC and PLC axis groups can exchange axes by programming. The axes are
exchanged using external parameters E7x005 (x = axis number) (see Sec. 6.2).
Purely PLC axes can only be exchanged between PLC groups. An attempt to assign
a purely PLC axis to an NC axis group results in error message 92.
After a reset, the group (PLC or NC) releases the axes that were not assigned to it
by machine parameter and assigns them to the priority group providing the priority
group is:
- in the end of programme state (M02), or
- with no programme being executed for a PLC group.
Similarly, during a reset concerning it, a group can recover the axes released by other
groups that are assigned to it by machine parameter:
- after a reset,
- by programming external parameter E7x005 (see Sec. 6.2).
It should be noted that if a group is not in state M02 when its axes are released, it
cannot recover them until the next reset concerning it, i.e.:
- an NC reset for an NC group,
- a reset on the group for a PLC group.
REMARK When the cycle starts, no checks are made on assignment of the axes
to the group. All the axes assigned to the group after the last reset were
assigned by machine parameter P9, but certain axes assigned to it
after the first initialisation may not be reassigned if they have already
been assigned to another group during a cycle (it is therefore up to the
programmer where required to ensure the configuration of the axes in
the group in order to prevent start of the cycle).
4 - 286 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.18.5 Exchanging Spindles Between Groups

When the NC is initialised, if no spindle has been assigned to a particular group, the
spindles are assigned to the groups that have the same numbers, e.g.:
Spindle 1 to group 1,
Spindle 2 to group 2, etc.
A PLC group A can be assigned a spindle if the spindle was first released by its owner
group B (NC or PLC). When group B, the initial owner, is reset, the spindle is
reassigned to group B (even if group A is executing a cycle).
en-938820/5 4 - 287
4.19 Message Transmission
The $ character followed by one or two digits sends a message from a part
programme to a recipient.
Message Recipients
The number immediately after the $ character designates the message recipient:
- $0: System display
- $1: PLC function
- $2 or $3 or $4: Distant server
- $5 or $6: Peripheral,
- $9: PC.
The presence of a 1 after recipients $1 to $4 defines a blocking message.
4.19.1 Message Transmission to the Display
$0 Message transmission to the Programme

display.
%56
$0 sends the message to the system N..
display (information message on the part $0 Message
programme being executed). N..
Message
Syntax
$0 [+] MESSAGE
$0 Message sent to the display.

+ The «+» sign extends the previous message.
MESSAGE Message containing a maximum of 39 (alphanumeric)
characters.
Cancellation
- $0 (without a message)
- End of programme (M02)
- Reset.
4 - 288 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Notes
The message sent by $0 can be read on the display on the following screen pages:
- Summary of data on the current block (accessed by the «INFO» key)
- Current position coordinates (accessed by the «AXIS» key).
- If a message is too long, only the first 39 characters are displayed
- Only one message can be sent at a time
- Sending a new message overrides the previous one
- The 0 after $ is optional.
Extensions to the use of the $ character

The $ character can be used in parametric programming to:
4
- Display a message and wait for the answer by the operator (see Sec. 6.5)
- Display a message with a parametric value (see Sec. 6.6).
Examples
The message beginning in block N90 and including an extension is displayed in the
following format:
«PROGRAMME HALT. REMOVE CHIPS»
%30
$0 GROOVE ROUGHING FINISHING Message
N10 ...
N..
N190 G00 Z300 $0 PROGRAMME HALT. Message
$+ REMOVE CHIPS Message extension
N200 M00
N.. $0 Message cancellation
N..
Use of $0 as flashing message

N..
N240 $0 * * * PREPARE PART INSPECTION * * *
N250 G04 F0.6
N260 $0 * * * <<<<<<<<<====>>>>>>>>>> * * *
N270 G04 F0.3
N280 G77 N240 N270 S4
N290 M00 $0 * * * OPEN DOOR * * *
N300 $0
N..
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4.19.2 Transmission to Automatic Control Function or Remote Server or Peripheral or PC
$1 to $6 and $9 Message transmission to the automatic control function or a

remote server or a peripheral or a PC.
$1 sends the message to the PLC function.

$2, $3 and $4 send the message to a remote server, i.e.:
- $2: UNI-TELWAY slave
- $3: MAPWAY
- $4: UNI-TELWAY master.
$5 and $6 send the message to a peripheral.
$9 sends the message to a PC.
Syntax
$1 to $6 $9 [1] [=] MESSAGE
$1 to $6 $9 Message transmission to the automatic control function or

a remote server or a peripheral or a PC.
1 If $1, $2, $3 or $4 is followed by a 1 (i.e. $11, $21, $31 or
$41), the message is «blocking» (see below).
= The character «=» after the message recipient indicates
that the message is a value or sequence of values (see
notes).
MESSAGE The message can contain:
- 80 characters if «=» is not included in the syntax,
- 1 to 16 values if «=» is included in the syntax.
Notes
If $1, $2, $3 or $4 is followed by a 1 (i.e. $11, $21, $31 or $41), the message is
«blocking», i.e. the part programme waits for the recipient to acknowledge the
message. If there is not a «1», the message is nonblocking (always the case for
messages sent by $5 or $6).
If the «=» character follows the recipient identifier, the message is a value or a
sequence of values (each value separated from the others by «=»). A value can be
the result of a parametric expression which can include 1 to 6 values. If the «=»
character is not present, the message sent includes all the characters present up to
action on «Enter».
4 - 290 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
Example:
Transmission of a nonblocking message including a sequence of three values to
UNI-TELWAY slave.
$2 = 3 = E70000/1000 = L0*3/L1 Displays the result of the parametric
expression
Transmission of a blocking message including a sequence of two values to PLC
function.
$11 = E51001 = E52001 Values displayed and wait for
acknowledgement
Message acknowledgement 4
The messages with addresses $1 to $4 are sent to the recipient by a UNITE request.
After transmission of a blocking message, the NC goes on wait for an acknowledgement
which must be sent to it by a write request. The NC remains on wait and retransmits
the same message every ten seconds until it receives the request for the axis group
concerned (for further details, see the Automatic Control Function Programming
Manual).
Answer to a message
After sending a message $1 to $4, the NC can wait for an answer as a value that it
inserts in a parametric expression.
Example: L0 = $1 + ...
Notes on Message Transmission to a Peripheral by $5 and $6

$5 and $6 send messages to the serial line customisation module. Two lines can be
assigned to this function by the SERIAL LINE SETTING tool with configuration Mess
$5 and Mess $6 (accessed by the NC UTILITIES. For further details, see the Operator
Manual.
Configurations Mess $5 and Mess $6 are used to send a message to a peripheral
without imposing a protocol.
If no Mess $5 or Mess $6 configuration is specified in line customisation, the attempt
to send a message by $5 or $6 causes display of error message 11.
If flow control is used (RTS/CTS or Xon/Xoff), transmission may be blocked and
momentarily suspend execution of the part programme.
en-938820/5 4 - 291
Specific Feature of Message Transmission to a PC by $9
$9 is used to send a simple message or a message with wait for an answer from the
PC client application.
Example:
$9 Message ...
$9 =
4 - 292 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
4.20 Spindle Synchronisation

4.20.1 Spindle Acceleration Control
The CNC generates an acceleration ramp when the following functions are active.
For software at index G, the ramp is generated by:
- spindle speed build-up
- change in programmed speed (S..)
- programmed spindle stop (M05)
- spindle indexing (M19) if bit 5 of machine parameter P6, words 1 to 4 = 1.
For software at index H, management of the ramp is extended to:
- speed variations due to the spindle potentiometers
- constant surface speed
4
- spindle stop requested by the PLC (spindle stop requested by setting bit %W22.0
for spindle 0, %W22.1 for spindle 1, etc.).
Notes on Spindle Rotation Reversal

The notes below on spindle rotation reversal concern:
- speed-controlled spindles,
- servo-controlled spindles.
Speed-controlled spindle rotation reversal

For speed-controlled spindles, rotation reversal (switch from M03 to M04 or vice
versa) is instantaneous so as not to modify the previous steady state. To apply an
acceleration rate to reversal, it is necessary to programme a spindle stop (M05), then
reprogramme the direction of rotation.
Servo-controlled spindle rotation reversal

For servo-controlled spindles, rotation reversal is a continuous ramp function. The
ramp is defined by the acceleration declared in machine parameter P32 (first of the
pair of values applied to the axis number assigned to the spindle). It should be noted
that the acceleration can be modified by external parameter E9033x (x = spindle
number from 0 to 3).
Note on Spindle Indexing

For spindle indexing (M19), if positioning is carried out at a constant deceleration (see
P6, bit 5 of words 1 to 4), the phase during which spindle rotation is decreased down
to the minimum speed is also carried out at a constant deceleration and forcing of a
null speed is disabled.
en-938820/5 4 - 293
4.20.2 Servo-Controlled Spindles and Synchronised Spindles
4.20.2.1 Servo-Controlled Spindles

Generally, the spindle speed is controlled directly by a programmed speed setting
(S..) that may, where required, be overridden by potentiometer.
It may prove necessary to servo-control the spindles in position to couple them (or for
any other reason). In this case, the setting programming by S.. is used to vary a
reference position. The reference applied to the spindle servo-drive is the position
error between the reference position and the measured position multiplied by a
coefficient which is the servo-loop gain.
! CAUTION
Spindle servo-control is preserved if the «PRES.PUIS.» signal (A.10C or %W4.4) is set.
Otherwise, «position reference» = «position measurement». When signal «PRES.PUIS.»
goes high again, the spindle speed is built up again according to the ramp.
Spindle Position Servo-Control Request
Position servoing of a spindle is enabled by external parameter E91024 plus the
spindle number, i.e. E91024+X (x = spindle number from 0 to 3).
Example
Spindle position servo-control requests:
- Spindle 0 position servo-control request: E91024 = 1
REMARK To request speed control of a spindle, set E9102x = 0.
Notes on Spindle Position Servo-Control

In order for a spindle servo-control request to be accepted:
- The spindle must be stopped (state M05 or M19)
- Homing must be completed on the spindle
- Function 22 (integrated spindle synchronisation) must be active (or error message
94 is returned).
4 - 294 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
CNC state at power on

When power is applied, the spindle speed control state is active. Subsequently, the
servo-controlled or non-servo-controlled state of the spindle is preserved after a
reset.
Spindle reference position read

The spindle reference position can be read in external parameter E95024+x (x =
spindle number from 0 to 3).
Spindle position gain

The position gain of a spindle is given in machine parameter P45 (as for indexing).
The gain is expressed in rev/min/rev and can be changed from gain to indexing by 4
external parameter E9032x (x = spindle number from 0 to 3).
4.20.2.2 Synchronised Spindles

Spindle synchronisation applied to slave (or driven) spindle position synchronisation
with master (or drive) spindles.
Spindle Synchronisation Request

When spindle synchronisation is requested, the value present with EC (in degrees)
gives the requested difference between the master and slave spindle positions, i.e.:
slvpos = +/+ (mas_pos + EC)
REMARK The master and slave spindles must use the same measuring unit.
Synchronisation of a slave spindle «s» on a master spindle «m» is programmed by
external parameter E94124 plus the slave spindle «s» number and containing the
address of the master spindle «m», i.e. E94124+s = 24+m (s and m = spindle numbers
from 0 to 3).
Example
Request to synchronise slave spindle s = 0 to master spindle m = 2.
Programming: E94124 = 26
Desynchronisation
Synchronisation is disabled by setting programme parameter E94124+s to -1.
en-938820/5 4 - 295
Notes on Spindle Synchronisation
Preparation before spindle synchronisation

Before synchronising the spindles:
- the master and slave spindles must be declared as servo-controlled (or error
message 92 is returned),
- the synchronised spindle must be declared in direct or symmetric state.
In order to distinguish between direct and symmetric spindle synchronisation, the
direction of rotation (M03 or M04) must already be assigned to the two spindles (slave
and master). If the two spindles rotate in the same direction, synchronisation is direct.
If not, it is symmetric.
Activation of spindle synchronisation

Synchronisation can be activated with the spindles rotating or stopped (S0). The
slave spindle is coupled to the master spindle at constant acceleration.
Spindles synchronised
As long as a slave spindle remains synchronised, it cannot be assigned to a group
by programming spindle selection functions M62 to M65 (or error message 38 is
returned).
The synchronisation error (difference between the measured positions in measurement
increments) is read in parameter E95244+s (s = slave spindle) defining the
measurement correction value. If the error is less than the permissible tolerance
(machine parameter P44 and external parameter E9031x in internal units defined by
modulo), the spindle in-position signal is transmitted to the PLC by %413.B and can
be read in the spindle in-position parameter E93524+s (s = slave spindle).
Management of the Synchronisation Error

Management of the synchronisation error is preserved if the spindle servo-drives are
latched or off (PRES.PUIS. = 0). However (if the spindles are not mechanically
interlocked), it is necessary to make sure the synchronisation error is not too large
before restoring servo-control (PRES.PUIS. = 1) since the error correction is
instantaneous.
The synchronisation error can be corrected gradually by applying automatic gain
control to each of the spindles. The gains must be the same on all the spindles
(machine parameter P45 and external parameter E9032x). This is achieved by
maintaining a following error rigorously proportional to the currently requested speed
and inversely proportional to the gain: Ep = Vdem/K. The correction is made by
integrating the errors and assigning a parametric time constant.
4 - 296 en-938820/5
ISO Programming
The integration time constant is given in ms by external parameter E98024+x.

Its programming is not accepted unless spindle x is already servo-controlled
(parameter E98024+x is reset when the spindle is declared as servo-controlled by
E91024+x). It is cancelled by resetting this parameter to 0.
Once the spindle is synchronised, it may be useful to preserve the correction for a
certain time, after the system is stabilised, while freezing error integration. This is
done by declaring a negative time constant: E98024 = -E98024.
Synchronisation Example
Spindle 0 (slave) synchronised with spindle 2 (master).
%..
... 4
WHILE E91124=1 DO M00 $ Homing on spindle 0
ENDW
WHILE E91126=1 DO M00 $ Homing on spindle 2
ENDW
E91024=1 E91026=1 Servo-control of spindles 0 and 2
E91024=500 E91026=500 Apply an integration time constant
M64 M03 (M40) (S..) Select slave spindle and assign
a direction of rotation
M62 M04 M41 S.. EC.. Select master spindle and
start rotation
E94124=26 Symmetric synchronisation request
WHILE E93524=0 DO G04 F0.1 $ WAIT FOR SYNCHRONISATION OF SPINDLE 0
ENDW
E98024=E98024 Freeze slave gain correction
... Rest of programme

...
...
...
E94124=-1 Synchronisation disabled
E94124=500 Automatic gain control restored
...
REMARK When synchronisation is disabled, spindle 0 resumes its initial speed
(that before synchronisation).
en-938820/5 4 - 297
4 - 298 en-938820/5
Profile Geometry Programming
5 Profile Geometry Programming
5.1 Profile Geometry Programming (PGP) 5-3

5.1.1 General 5-3
5.1.2 Definition of the Geometric Elements 5-3
5.1.3 Definition of the Addresses Characterising
PGP 5-5
5.1.3.1 Addresses with Values 5-5
5.1.3.2 Addresses without Values 5-7
5.1.4 Programming of Geometric Elements 5-9
5.1.4.1 Programming of Fully Defined Geometric
Elements 5-9
5.1.4.2 Programming of geometric Elements not
Completely Defined 5 - 10
5.1.4.3 Programming Chamfers and Fillets
Between Two Elements 5 - 17
5.1.4.4 Examples of Programming in PGP 5 - 18
5.2 Profil Function 5 - 22 5
5.2.1 Accessing Profil 5 - 22
5.2.2 Calling a Contour Created by PROFIL 5 - 23
5.2.2.1 Calling a Contour by Function G77 5 - 23
5.2.2.2 Calling a Contour from a Machining Cycle 5 - 24
en-938820/5 5-1
5-2 en-938820/5
5.1 Profile Geometry Programming (PGP)

5.1.1 General
The system gives the user the possibility of programming all or part of a profile
consisting of geometric elements.
The system computes the undefined connecting and intersection points between
elements located in the same plane.
The points can be computed between the following elements:
- line/line,
- line/circle,
- circle/circle.
Profile Geometry Programming (PGP):
- can coexist with ISO programming,
- can only be used with absolute dimensions (G90),
- applies according to the selected interpolation axes ZX (G20), XY (G21), YZ (G22)
5
(the change of axes must be programmed on a fully defined point).
- allows programming of the tool Z axis in a block defined by cartesian coordinates
XY (G21).
5.1.2 Definition of the Geometric Elements

Profile Geometry Programming (PGP) is carried out by writing a sequence of blocks.
Each block includes a geometric element which can be:
- a line segment, or
- an arc.
A geometric element can be completely or incompletely defined in a block.
Completely defined elements are:
- the end point of a line,
- the end point of an arc with the coordinates of the centre or the radius.
If an element is incompletely defined, then additional information must be contained
in the next block or the next two blocks (not including fillets and chamfers).
The necessary and sufficient blocks allowing the system to compute all the coordinates
of a geometric element is called a «geometric entity» (see definition).
en-938820/5 5-3
The origin of a geometric entity is the start point of the first element.
The start point is:
- programmed in the previous block, or
- already computed by the system (the first block of an entity can also be the last
block of the previous entity).
Definition of an Entity
A PGP geometric entity is a self-sufficient part of a profile.
5-4 en-938820/5
5.1.3 Definition of the Addresses Characterising PGP

The definitions of the following PGP addresses are processed according to the X and
Z axes (G20). Use the X and Y axes with cartesian coordinates (G21) (see Sec. 4.13).
5.1.3.1 Addresses with Values
X/Z.. or X.. Z..
X/Z.. or X.. Z..: Coordinates of the end

point of a line. XZ
X or Z
Z
5
EA..
EA..: Angle element of a line. X or Z
EA+
EA-
X
X or Z
Z
X.. Z..
X.. Z..: Coordinates of the end point of a

circle.
XZ
X
I.. K..
I.. K..: Coordinates of the centre of a

circle.
X
IK
Z
en-938820/5 5-5
R..
R..: Radius of a circle.
R
X
EB+..
EB+..: Fillet between two intersecting

elements (e.g. line/circle). EB+ a
The block containing EB+.. and the next
X
block are connected by a fillet (a=value
programmed with EB+).
Z
EB-..
EB-..: Chamfer between two intersecting a

lines (only). a
The block containing EB-.. and the next
X
block are connected by a chamfer
(a=value programmed with EB-).
Z
5-6 en-938820/5
5.1.3.2 Addresses without Values
ET
ET: Tangent element. Line / Circle

The block containing ET and the ET
next block are tangent. ET is optional
X
unless it is the only function characterising ET
the element, in which case it is mandatory Circle / Circle
Z
(see Sec. 5.3.2, Figures 10 and 14).
ES
ES: Secant element. Line / Circle 5

The block containing ES and the next ES
block intersect. If the intersection point ES
X
of two secant elements is not
programmed, ES must be specified in Line / Line
Z
the first block.
E+/E-
E+/E-: Discriminant.
The discriminant is used to dispel the ambiguity when the programming of one or
more blocks leaves a choice between two possible solutions.
When the discriminant determines an element of an entity:
- it must be programmed in the first block of this entity,
- the + sign or - sign specifies the position of a characteristic point of one of the two
solutions with respect to an imaginary line pointing in direction D.
The characteristic points can be:
- the intersection point between two secant elements,
- the point of tangency between two elements,
- the position of the centre of a circle.
The pointing line (D) is:
- the line defined by angle EA.. (if one of the elements of the entity is thus defined),
- the line connecting a known point of the first element to a known point of the last
element of the entity (pointing from the first to the last). This known point is
preferably the centre of a circle programmed by I and J or, lacking such, another
programmed point.
en-938820/5 5-7
Characteristic points located on ∞ E+
the pointing line (D). (D) EA
E-
- E+ defines the point closest to + ∞
X
(plus infinity) on line D.
- E- defines the point closest to - ∞
Z
(minus infinity) on line D.
Characteristic points on either (D) E-
side of the pointing line (D). EA
- E+ defines a point to left of line D.

X E+
- E- defines a point to the right of D.
Z
The discriminant can be combined with address ES (secant element) and address ET
(tangent element). Example:
E+ secant is programmed as ES+ or ES-.
E+ tangent is programmed as ET+ or ET-.
Programming of the discriminant with secant elements

For line/circle or circle/circle intersecting elements, the system allows two possible
solutions and it is mandatory to programme the discriminant with ES (ES+ or ES-)
(see Sec. 5.3.2, Figs. 3a and 3b for instance).
Programming the discriminant with tangent elements

The system limits the number of possible solutions to two (only tangencies without
backtracking are carried out by the system).
When there are two possible solutions, these solutions result in:
- the creation of an arc less than 180 degrees, or
- the creation of an arc greater than 180 degrees.
In the two cases, programming of the discriminant with ET is optional. The default
solution chosen by the system is that with the smallest arc (see Sec. 5.3.2, Figures
8a and 8b, for instance).
Only exception:
Circle whose centre is inside the next circle and characterised only by: the coordinates
of this centre and the fact as it is tangent to the next circle (see Sec. 5.3.2, Figures
5b, 12b, 23b).
5-8 en-938820/5
5.1.4 Programming of Geometric Elements
5.1.4.1 Programming of Fully Defined Geometric Elements
Fully defined linear geometric element (point «a» defined)
X or Z X or Z
EA
XZ
X X a
a
Z Z
N.. G01 X.. N.. G01 EA.. X.. 5

or N.. G01 Z.. or N.. G01 EA.. Z..
or N.. G01 X.. Z..
Fully defined circular geometric element (point «a» defined)
∞ ∞
G3
(D) G3
(D)
XZ XZ G3
XZ
X a X E+ R
IK R
a E- a
Z Z
N.. G02/G03 X.. Z.. I.. K.. N.. G02/G03 X.. Z.. R.. E+/E-
en-938820/5 5-9
5.1.4.2 Programming of geometric Elements not Completely Defined
Geometric elements defined using the following block(s)

The first element is a line (start point «a» is fully defined).
FIGURE 1 FIGURE 2
G3
XZ EA
EA
R
EA
IK EA
X X
Z a Z a
N.. G01 EA.. ES N.. G01 EA.. ES

N.. EA X.. Z.. N.. EA..
N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. R../X.. Z..
FIGURE 3a FIGURE 3b
G3 (D)
(D)
ES+
G3
R R EA
ES- EA XZ
X IK X
IK
a a
Z Z
N.. G01 EA.. ES- N.. G01 EA.. ES+

N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. R../X.. Z.. N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. R../X.. Z..
FIGURE 4a FIGURE 4b
(D) XZ
XZ EA
EA IK a
ES- IK
EA
X X
G2 EA
G2 ES+
Z a Z (D)
N.. G01 EA.. ES- N.. G01 EA.. ES+

N.. G02/G03 I..K.. N.. G02/ G03 I..K..
N.. G01 EA.. X.. Z.. N.. G01 EA.. X.. Z..
5 - 10 en-938820/5
FIGURE 5a (D) FIGURE 5b

(D')
G3 (D)
IK
R
R
IK ES- EA
X IK ES- X
EA G2 G2
ET- a
Z G2 a Z
N.. G01 EA.. ES- N.. G01 EA.. ES-

N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. ET-
FIGURE 6 FIGURE 7
G3 XZ
EA
EA a 5
IK EA
X X R
a G2
Z Z
N.. G01 EA.. N.. G01 EA..

N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. N.. G02/G03 R..
N.. G01 EA.. X.. Z..
FIGURE 8a FIGURE 8b
XZ R G2
EA R
G2
(D) (D)
XZ EA
X [ET-] X
a
ET+
Z Z a
N.. G01 EA.. N.. G01 EA.. ET+

N.. G02/G03 R.. X.. Z.. N.. G02/G03 R.. X.. Z..
en-938820/5 5 - 11
FIGURE 9a (D) FIGURE 9b (D)
ET+
G3 [ET-] G3 R
IK EA
R EA
R
X X
R
a
G2 IK G2 a
Z Z
N.. G01 EA.. N.. G01 EA.. ET+

N.. G02/G03 R.. N.. G02/G03 R..
FIGURE 10 FIGURE 11 XZ
G3
EA
R
ET
IK IK
a
X X
ET
Z a Z G2
N.. G01 ET N.. G01 ET

N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. R../X.. Z.. N.. G02/G03 I.. K..
N.. G01 EA.. X.. Z..
FIGURE 12a FIGURE 12b

IK (D)
G3 R
R G2
IK
ET
X X IK a
G2 IK ET
Z a G2 ET-
Z
N.. G01 ET N.. G01 ET

N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. ET-
5 - 12 en-938820/5
The first element is a circle (start point «a» is fully defined).

EA
G3
XZ
a
X G3 X
IK
IK a
Z Z
N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. N.. G02/G03 I.. K..

N.. G01 EA.. N.. G01 X.. Z..
XZ IK
G3
5
ET
ET
G3 R G3
G2
X X
a IK a
IK IK
Z Z
N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. N.. G02/G03 I.. K..

N.. G01 ET N.. G01 ET
FIGURE 15a FIGURE 15b [ET-]

IK G3
G3
G3
IK a
a
X X
IK
G2 (D)
IK
Z Z
N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. N.. G02/G03 I.. K..

N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. N.. G02/G03 I.. K..
en-938820/5 5 - 13
FIGURE 16 FIGURE 17
(D) (D) EA
R
[ET-] XZ
XZ G3 G3
R
X G2 X [ET+] a
a
IK IK
Z Z
N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. N.. G02/G03 I.. K..

N.. G02/G03 R.. X.. Z.. N.. G02/G03 R..
N.. G01 EA.. X.. Z..

G3
G3
(D) R (D) IK
R
[ET-] G3
IK G2 XZ
G3 IK
X X R
G2 a
a [ET+]
Z IK Z
N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. N.. G02/G03 I.. K..

N.. G02/G03 R.. N.. G02/G03 R..
FIGURE 19 FIGURE 20
(D) EA (D)
EA
G3
XZ
R
ES+
IK ES-
X X
IK G3
IK G3
Z a Z a
N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. ES+ N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. ES-
N.. G01 EA.. X.. Z.. N.. G01 EA..
N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. R../X.. Z..
5 - 14 en-938820/5
FIGURE 21 FIGURE 22
G3 XZ (D)
(D) R G3 EA IK
G3
ES-
IK a
X X IK
IK a
G2
ES+
Z Z
N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. ES- N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. ES+
N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. R../X.. Z.. N.. G02/G03 I.. K..
N.. G01 EA X.. Z..

(D)
(D) IK
ES- G3 G3 5
G3 a R IK
G2 a
R IK
X X (D')
IK ET+ ES+ I K
G2 G2
Z Z
N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. ES- N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. ES+
N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. ET+

(D) (D) XZ EA
XZ EA
ET-
[ET+]
a R
X R G3 X
a G3
Z Z
N.. G02/G03 R.. N.. G02/G03 R.. ET-

N.. G01 EA.. X.. Z.. N.. G01 EA.. X.. Z..
en-938820/5 5 - 15
FIGURE 25 FIGURE 26
XZ
G2 IK IK
(D) EA (D) G3
R
[ET+] [ET+]
a
X X
R R
G3 G2
Z a Z
N.. G02/G03 R.. N.. G02/G03 R..

N.. G01 EA.. N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. R../X.. Z..
N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. R../X.. Z..

XZ EA XZ G3
EA
(D) R
(D)
IK G3 ET-
X a X IK
R a
Z G2 [ET+] Z G2
N.. G02/G03 R.. N.. G02/G03 R.. ET-

N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. N.. G02/G03 I.. K..
N.. G01 EA.. X.. Z.. N.. G01 EA.. X.. Z..

G3
R (D)
IK XZ G3
(D)
IK R I K [ET+] a
G3 G2 R
X a X
[ET+] R G2
Z G2 Z
N.. G02/G03 R.. N.. G02/G03 R..

N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. N.. G02/G03 I.. K..
5 - 16 en-938820/5
5.1.4.3 Programming Chamfers and Fillets Between Two Elements
EA
=
XZ
XZ
EB EB
IK EA
X EA X
FILLET: EB+ a
CHAMFER: EB-
Z a Z
N.. G01 EA.. ES EB-.. N.. G01 EA.. ES- EB+..

N.. G01 EA.. X.. Z.. N.. G02/G03 I.. K.. X.. Z..
en-938820/5 5 - 17
5.1.4.4 Examples of Programming in PGP
Examples
In PGP, part profile definition

ø 66
ø 60
ø 40
15
17
R
2
R
ø 20
5 to 45°
3
35 R 10 5 to 45°
50
90
120
Machining paths
2
g
e
f
d c
b
c a
X
OP Z 2
5 - 18 en-938820/5
%88
N10 ...
N.. G92 S3000
N..
N90 G00 G52 X0 Z0
N110 G97 S900 M04
N120 G00 G42 X6 Z122 Point a, approach
N130 G96 S220
N140 G95 F0.1
N150 G01 EA135 ES
N160 EA180 X20 Z90 EB-5 Point b
N170 X40 EB3 Point c
N180 EA180 Z80 ES Point d 5
N190 EA195
N200 G02 X60 Z50 R17 EB2 Point e
N210 G01 Z35 Point f
N220 X70 Point g
N230 G00 G40 G52 X0 Z0 G97 S900
...
en-938820/5 5 - 19
In PGP, part profile definition
12°30' Undimensioned radii R = 1
1 x 45°
R
3
2
R 22°
3
R
ø 30
2
R
30°
10
R
60°
15
ø 60
ø 50
ø 40
ø 20
ø 30
ø 80
20
12 12 8 40
80
Machining paths
q
p o
ø 95
n m
l k
j i
e d
h
c
g f X
b a
OP Z
6
5 - 20 en-938820/5
%109
N10 ...
N.. G92 S3000
N..
N110 G00 G52 X0 Z0
N130 G97 S900 M04
N140 G00 G42 X0 Z6 Point a, approach
N150 G92 S3000
N160 G96 S150
N170 G95 F0.08
N180 G02 X0 Z0 I0 K3 Point b
N190 G03 I0 K-10 Point c
N200 G01 X30 Z-15 Point d 5
N210 Z-20 Point e
N220 EA-150 X20 Point f
N230 EA180 ES Point g
N240 EA120 X30 Z-40 Point h
N250 X40 EB1 Point i
N260 EA180 Z-48 EB2 Point j
N270 EA 112 X50 EB1 Point k
N280 Z-60 EB3 Point l
N290 X60 EB-1 Point m
N300 EA180 ES EB2 Point n
N310 EA102.5 X80 Z-72 EB1 Point o
N320 Z-78 Point p
N330 G00 X95 Point q
N340 G40 G52 X0 Z0 G97 S900
N..
en-938820/5 5 - 21
5.2 Profil Function
The PROFIL function is covered in a separate manual titled «PROFIL Function User’s
Manual».
This section reviews how to:
- access PROFIL,
- call a contour created by PROFIL.
5.2.1 Accessing Profil

PROFIL is accessed by the ISO editor background task editing function. PROFIL
cannot be accessed in edit (EDIT) mode.
Requirements
Basic softkeys displayed. CNC in Auto, Single, Manual mode or no mode selected.
Actions
Select the GRAPHIC PROGRAMMING menu. ☞ PROCAM
The «GRAPHIC PROGRAMMING» menu is displayed.
Select «5 BACKGROUND EDIT». ☞ %

5
The message «SPECIFY PROGRAMME» is displayed.
Enter the programme number in which the contour is to be ☞

described «%[programme No.]».
When the programme number is new, the CNC displays the message «CREATE
NEW PROGRAMME (Y/N)?.
Confirm creation of a new programme. ☞ )

0
Display of: =%[programme No.].

REMARK When the programme number already exists, the CNC displays it (e.g.
=%50) followed by the blocks it contains.
Enter the PROFIL access letter. ☞ P
The PROFIL main menu is displayed.
5 - 22 en-938820/5
5.2.2 Calling a Contour Created by PROFIL

To be executable, a numbered contour created by PROFIL must be called. The call
can be made in two ways:
- by the subroutine call function G77,
- from a machining cycle G63, G64 or G65.
The contour call syntax differs according as the contour was created inside the main
part programme or in a subroutine.
5.2.2.1 Calling a Contour by Function G77

General Contour Call Syntax by Function G77
G77 [H..] [N.. N..] P.. [S..]
P.. Number of the contour created by the PROFIL function.

5
Example
Call by G77 of contour 1 located in subroutine %301.
%300 (MAIN PROGRAMME)

N..
N..
N..
N150 G77 H301 P1 Call of contour 1
N..
N..
en-938820/5 5 - 23
5.2.2.2 Calling a Contour from a Machining Cycle
General Contour Call Syntax from a Machining Cycle
G63/G64/G65 [H..] [N.. N..] EP.. (other arguments of the cycle)
EP.. Number of the contour created by the PROFIL function.
Example
Calling of contour 1 in subroutine %401 from cycle G64.
%400 (MAIN PROGRAMME)

N..
N..
N150 G64 H401 EP1 I.. K.. P.. Call to contour 1
N..
N..
REMARK If limits N.. N.. are used, the contour start and end line numbers must
be written by the user.
5 - 24 en-938820/5
Parametric Programming
6 Parametric Programming
6.1 Programme L Variables 6-3

6.1.1 Definition 6-3
6.1.2 List of L Variables 6-3
6.1.3 Variable Assignments 6-3
6.1.4 Initialisation 6-3
6.1.5 Application 6-4
6.1.6 Use 6-4
6.1.7 Operations Possible with L Variables 6-4
6.1.8 Comparison Symbols Used with L Variables 6 - 6
6.1.9 Conversion of the Internal Unit 6-6
6.1.10 Programming Syntax for L Variables 6-7
6.1.10.1 Assignment of a Variable to an NC function 6 - 7
6.1.10.2 Declaration of a Variable in the Programme 6 - 8
6.1.10.3 Test of a Variable for a Conditional Branch 6 - 10
6.1.10.4 Examples of Programming L Variables 6 - 11
6.1.11 Notes on Programming Variables L100 to
L199 and L900 to L959 6 - 14
6.1.12 Equivalence of Variables L900 to L925 6 - 14
6.1.13 Symbolic Addressing of Variables L900 to
L925 and L926 to L951 6 - 15 6
6.2 External E Parameters 6 - 16
6.2.1 Definition 6 - 16
6.2.2 Application 6 - 16
6.2.3 Assignment 6 - 16
6.2.4 Initialisation 6 - 16
6.2.5 Use 6 - 17
6.2.6 Operations Possible with External E
Parameters 6 - 18
6.2.7 Comparison Symbols Used with External E
Parameters 6 - 19
6.2.8 Conversion of the Internal Unit 6 - 19
6.2.9 List of External E Parameters 6 - 20
6.2.9.1 Exchange Parameters with the Automatic
Control Function 6 - 20
6.2.9.2 Programme Analysis Access Parameters 6 - 21
6.2.9.3 Machine State Access Parameters 6 - 25
6.2.9.4 Machining Parameters 6 - 29
6.2.9.5 Group Axis Access Parameters 6 - 32
6.2.9.6 Spindle Access Parameters 6 - 36
6.2.9.7 Common NC Parameters 6 - 39
6.2.9.8 Machine Axis Access Parameters 6 - 39
en-938820/5 6-1
6.2.10 External E Parameter Programming Syntax 6 - 46
6.2.10.1 Assignment of an External Parameter to an
NC Function 6 - 46
6.2.10.2 Declaration of an External Parameter in the
Programme 6 - 47
6.2.10.3 Test on an External Parameter for a
Conditional Branch 6 - 48
6.2.10.4 Examples of Use of External E Parameters 6 - 49
6.3 Address Equivalences 6 - 54
6.4 Transfer of the Current Values of L Variables and E Parameters into the
Part Programme 6 - 55
6.5 Message Display with Wait for an Operator Response 6 - 57
6.6 Display of Messages with Parametric Value 6 - 59
6.7 Reading the Programme Status Access Symbols 6 - 60
6.7.1 Symbols for Accessing the Data of the
Current or Previous Block 6 - 50
6.7.1.1 Symbols Addressing Boolean Values 6 - 61
6.7.1.2 Symbols Addressing Numerical Values 6 - 62
6.8 General Diagrams of Parametric Programming 6 - 64
6.8.1 Load of a Parametric Expression 6 - 64
6.8.2 Comparison for Conditional Branch 6 - 65
6-2 en-938820/5
Parametric programming uses functions that can be assigned to all the NC addresses
in place of numerical values and that can be used as particular functions.
Functions used in parametric programming:
- Programme L variables,
- External E parameters.
6.1 Programme L Variables

6.1.1 Definition
Variables are elements that can be substituted for numerical values to provide a
programming aid.
Programme variables are defined by letter address L followed by a number from one
to three digits.
6.1.2 List of L Variables
- Variables L0 to L19,
-
-
Variables L100 to L199,
Variables L900 to L959.
6
Variables L0 to L19, L100 to L199, L900 to L959 have the same format and use but
cause differences in programming (see Sec. 6.1.11).
6.1.3 Variable Assignments

L variables can be assigned to all the programmable NC addresses.
The assignment of an L variable to an NC address automatically results in the correct
use of the unit for the programmed address.
6.1.4 Initialisation
The variables are initialised to zero:
- at power on,
- at the end of the programme (M02),
- after a reset.
en-938820/5 6-3
6.1.5 Application
The values assigned to L variables can be:
- integer or decimal numbers (maximum 8 digits plus sign),
- fixed values or values resulting from operations.
6.1.6 Use
L variables can be used:
- to perform operations,
- for increments and decrements,
- for conditional branches (with function G79) after comparison with an expression,
- jointly with programming of external E parameters to make transfers.
6.1.7 Operations Possible with L Variables
Arithmetic Operations
Arithmetic Symbol Arithmetic Symbol

operation operation
Addition + Multiplication *
Subtraction - Division /
REMARK Division by zero is impossible.
6-4 en-938820/5
Arithmetic Functions

function function
Sine S Arc tangent A
Cosine C Square root R
Truncation T
Sine (S) and cosine (C) The term following these functions is in degrees.
Truncation Extraction of the integer value of the number following
the symbol.
Arc tangent The result of the operation is in thousandths of a
degree.
REMARK Extraction of the square root of a negative number is impossible.
6
Logic Operations
Logic Symbol Logic Symbol

operation operation
AND & OR !
AND and OR The operations are performed on values from which the
decimal part is truncated (truncating performed
automatically by the system) and which are expressed
in binary.
en-938820/5 6-5
6.1.8 Comparison Symbols Used with L Variables
Comparison symbol Comparison symbol
Equal to = Greater than or equal to >=
Greater than > Less than or equal to <=
Less than < Different from <>
6.1.9 Conversion of the Internal Unit

In parametric expressions, functions U and M are used to convert values expressed
in the internal system unit (see Chapters 2 and 3) to the programming unit:
- Function U is specific to linear axes
- Function M is specific to rotary axes.
Examples
Use of function U
Case of a system with micrometres (µm) as internal unit for linear axes.
Reminder: Programming in inches by G70 or metric system by G71.
U254000 returns the value 254 for G71 (254 mm)
U254000 returns the value 10 for G70 (10 inches).
Use of function M (rotary axes)

Case of a system with 0.0001 degree as internal unit for rotary axes.
External parameter E78000 defines the reference position of axis 8 (C axis).
Conversion from 0.0001 degree (internal unit) to the programming unit in degrees.
For any position on the C axis, the programming is:
L0=ME78000 then L0=[.IRX(9)]
Variable L0 returns the position on the C axis in degrees.
6-6 en-938820/5
6.1.10 Programming Syntax for L Variables

Programming syntax for L variables is given as Conway diagrams and followed by
programming examples.
6.1.10.1 Assignment of a Variable to an NC function
Syntax
A L (1 to 3 digits)
A NC function.
+/- Sign.
L Variable used as numerical value.
Example 6
Use of a variable with NC addresses that have different units.
Assignment of variable L5 to addresses X and F.
N..
L5 = 18 Declaration of the value of variable L5
N..
N.. G00 XL5 L5 equals 18 mm with the X address
N..
N80 G94 G01 Z70 FL5 L5 equals a feed rate of 18 mm/min with
the F address
N..
en-938820/5 6-7
6.1.10.2 Declaration of a Variable in the Programme
Syntax
U
R
A
T +
+ C – E (5 digits)
– S L (1 to 3 digits)
Value on
L (1 to 3 digits) = 8 digits
max
+
–
*
/
&
!
The operations given in this diagram are detailed in Section 6.1.7.
Notes
When the result of an operation giving a fractional number is assigned to an L variable,
the system keeps the first eight digits and truncates the following digits (after the
decimal point). When the integer part of the result exceeds eight digits, the system
reports an error.
6-8 en-938820/5
Example
Use of the variables with arithmetic operations.
N..
L1 = 5 Declaration of the value of L1
L2 = L1 + 5.3 * 3 * S30 After the operation, L2 takes on the
value 15.45 (sine 30° = 0.5)
L3 = 100 / 3 After the operation, L3 takes on the
value 33.333333 (limitation to eight
digits)
N..
N90 G00 XL2 Z30 The value of L2 (15.45) is assigned to
the X axis
N100 XL3 The value of L3 (truncated to 33.333) is
assigned to the X axis
N..
6
en-938820/5 6-9
6.1.10.3 Test of a Variable for a Conditional Branch
Syntax
U
>= R
<= A
< T +
> + C – E (5 digits)
Value on
G79 L (1 to 3 digits) = 8 digits N..
max
+
–
*
/
&
!
REMARK For tests on fractions, see Sec. 6.8.2.
Example
Use of a variable with a conditional test on the variable contents.
N..
N50 L1 = 0 Initialisation of the variable with zero
N60 L1 = L1 + 1 Increment of the variable
N..
N..
N200 G79 L1 < 10 N60 Condition: if L1 < 10, jump to N60; else
continue
N210
N..
6 - 10 en-938820/5
6.1.10.4 Examples of Programming L Variables
Use of variables for machining parts of a family

Machining of part 2 according the table.
ø D (L11)
ø E (L12)
3
ø F (L13)
e
L19 at 45°
c
d a
b 3
X
Z
OP C (L3) B (L2)
A (L1 ) 6
Variable assignment
Variables L1 L2 L3 L11 L12 L13 L19
Dimension A B C D E F Chamf.
Part 1 80 30 30 50 40 30 2
Part 2 85 28 35 48 39 28 1.5
en-938820/5 6 - 11
%18
L1=85 (LENGTH A)
L2=28 (LENGTH B)
L3=35 (LENGTH C)
L11=48 (DIAMETER D)
L12=39 (DIAMETER E)
L13=28 (DIAMETER F)
L19=1.5 (CHAMFER)
N10 G00 G52 X0 Z0
N20 T01 D01 M06 (EXTERNAL TOOL)
N30 G97 S900 M40 M03
N40 G95 F0.2
L4=L1+3 Computation of point Za
N50 G42 XL13 ZL4 Point a
N60 G92 S2000
N70 G96 S160
L5=L1-L2 Computation of point Zb
N80 G01 ZL5 Point b
N90 XL12 EB-L19 Point c
N100 ZL3 Point d
L6=3*2+L11 Computation of point Xe
N110 XL6 Point e
N120 G40 G77 N10 N10 G97 S900 MO5
N130 M02
6 - 12 en-938820/5
Use of variables with conditional test on the number of grooves

Execution of four grooves by programming a single G83 cycle.
ø 50
2
4 3 2 Groove 1
L3
L1
X
OP Z
L4 L4 L4 L2
6
%42
L1=54 (START X)
L2=20 (START Z)
L3=40 (GROOVE BOTTOM DIAMETER)
L4=15 (STEP BETWEEN GROOVES)
L10=50 ((CONSTANT SURFACE SPEED) L11=0.1 (FEED RATE))
N10 G00 G52 X0 Z0
N20 G16 P+
N30 T01 D01 M06 (GROOVING TOOL)
N40 G97 S900 M40 M03
N50 XL1 Z-L2 Groove 1 axis position
N60 L5=L5+1 Increment a counter
N70 G92 S2000
N80 G96 SL10
N90 G83 XL3 P4 Q1 G95 FL11 Groove in cycle
N100 G00 G80 G79 L5=4 N130 Condition: if L5=4 go
to block N130
N110 G91 Z-L4 Spacing between two grooves
N120 G90 G79 N60 Branch to execute the next groove
N130 G77 N10 N10 G97 S900 M05
N140 M02
en-938820/5 6 - 13
6.1.11 Notes on Programming Variables L100 to L199 and L900 to L959
Variables L100 to L199

Variables L100 to L199 have the same format and use as variables L0 to L19 but
cause a difference in programming.
Loading (entry) of a variable L100 to L199 suspends preparation of the block to which
it belongs until execution of the previous block is completed.
A block including a variable L100 to L199 can therefore not be preceded by a block
whose execution requires knowledge of the following block(s) (i.e. Profile Geometry
Programming (PGP) or tool radius offset (G41, G42)).
Example:
- Profile geometry programming (PGP),
- tool radius offset (G41, G42).
Programming of variables L100 to L199 with function M999

Programming M999 prohibits the operator or PLC from intervening in execution of a
sequence of blocks, allowing the use of variables L100 to L199 in the same way as
variables L0 to L9 (see Sec. 4.14.9).
i.e. M999 allows anticipated execution of these operations.
If these variables are used in dynamic operators as equivalents having no relation
with the functions they represent, they must not be used for calculations.

It is not recommended to use variables L900 to L959 in a programme with canned
cycles (G81, G82, etc.), since they risk being overwritten when a cycle is called.
6.1.12 Equivalence of Variables L900 to L925

Variables L900 to L925 are equivalent to addresses A to Z respectively.
Example:
A = 250 is equivalent to L900 = 250
B = 1234 is equivalent to L901 = 1234 (and so forth to L925 for Z).
6 - 14 en-938820/5
6.1.13 Symbolic Addressing of Variables L900 to L925 and L926 to L951

Variables L900 to L925 and L926 to L951 can be addressed by alphabetic symbols
preceded by «'« (apostrophe). The variables can be used in the left or right member
of an expression.

Variables L900 to L925 can be addressed by symbols 'A to 'Z respectively.
Example:
'C = 'A + 'B is equivalent to L902 = L900 + L901

Variables L926 to L951 can be addressed by symbols 'EA to 'EZ respectively
('EA = L926, 'EB = L927, etc. down to 'EZ = L951).
Example:
'A = 'B - 'EA/'EZ is equivalent to L900 = L901-L926/L951
en-938820/5 6 - 15
6.2 External E Parameters
6.2.1 Definition
External E parameters are used by the part programme to access information
contained in the PLC or CNC memory.
External parameters are defined by address letter E followed by five digits.
6.2.2 Application
Depending on the external E parameters, the part programme accesses the CNC or
PLC memory for:
- read only,
- read/write.
The value assigned to an external E parameter is always an integer.
6.2.3 Assignment
The assignment of an external parameter to an NC address causes the same units
to be used for the E parameter and the programmed address.
6.2.4 Initialisation
The automatic control function initialises parameters E10000, E20000, E21000,
E30000, E40000, E41000, E41001 and E41002. The other external parameters are
never reset by the system.
6 - 16 en-938820/5
6.2.5 Use
The external parameters can be used:
- for operations,
- for increments and decrements,
- for conditional branches with function G79 after comparison with an expression,
- jointly with L variables to make transfers.
Precautions for Use

The use of the external parameters obeys certain rules:
- the use of parameters E11000 is reserved for creation of special machining
cycles,
- parameters E20000, E40000, E41000, E41001, E41002, E70000 are read-only
parameters,
- when used for tests (with G79), parameters E20000 etc. can modify the sequence
of execution of the current part programme blocks,
- an operation on an external parameter stops movement at the end of the previous
block,
- a block including an external parameter cannot be preceded by a block whose
execution requires knowledge of the following block(s). 6
Example:
- Profile Geometry Programming (PGP),
- tool radius offset (G41, G42).
en-938820/5 6 - 17
6.2.6 Operations Possible with External E Parameters
Arithmetic Operations

operation operation
Addition + Multiplication *
Subtraction - Division /
REMARK Division by zero is impossible.
Arithmetic Functions

function function
Sine S Arc tangent A
Cosine C Square root R
Sine (S) and cosine (C) The term following these functions is in ten-thousandths
of a degree.
Arc tangent The result of the operation is in thousandths of a
degree.
REMARK Extraction of the square root of a negative number is impossible.
Logic Operations
Logic Symbol Logic Symbol

operation operation
AND & OR !
AND and OR The operations are performed on binary values.
6 - 18 en-938820/5
6.2.7 Comparison Symbols Used with External E Parameters
Comparison symbol Comparison symbol
Equal to = Greater than or equal to >=
Greater than > Less than or equal to <=
Less than < Different from <>
6.2.8 Conversion of the Internal Unit

In parametric expressions, functions U and M are used to convert values expressed
in the internal system unit (see Chapters 2 and 3) to the programming unit:
- Function U is specific to linear axes
- Function M is specific to rotary axes.
Examples
Use of function U
6
Case of a system with micrometres (µm) as internal unit for linear axes.
Reminder: Programming in inches by G70 or metric system by G71.
U254000 returns the value 254 for G71 (254 mm)
U254000 returns the value 10 for G70 (10 inches).
Use of function M
Case of a system with 0.0001 degree as internal unit for rotary axes.
External parameter E78000 defines the reference position of axis 8 (C axis).
Conversion from 0.0001 degree (internal unit) to the programming unit in degrees.
For any position on the C axis, the programming is:
L0=ME78000 then L0=[.IRX(9)]
Variable L0 returns the position on the C axis in degrees.
en-938820/5 6 - 19
6.2.9 List of External E Parameters
6.2.9.1 Exchange Parameters with the Automatic Control Function
E10000 to E10031
E10000 to E10031: List of 32 bits

Read/write parameters.
Parameters used to associate the results of tests on quantities (by G79) with the
processing performed by the PLC programme.
The parameters are sent without waiting for a report by the PLC (a dwell G04 F.. can
be programmed in the part programme to wait for additional data).
E20000 to E20031
E20000 to E20031: List of 32 bits

Read-only parameters.
Parameters used to read information on the state of the machine during the execution
of a part programme.
E20100 to E20111
Read-only parameters addressing the machine interrupt inputs (IT).
E20100 to E20103: Address the four IT inputs of the PLC
E20104 to E20107: Address the four IT inputs of the first IT_ACIA card
E20108 to E20111: Address the four IT inputs of the second IT_ACIA card
For parameters E20104 to E20111, the absence of an IT_ACIA card generates error
message 13.
E30000 to E30127
E30000 to E30127: List of 128 words encoded on 32 bits (long word)

Parameters used to send significant signed numerical values read by the PLC
programme.
6 - 20 en-938820/5
E40000 to E40127
E40000 to E40127: List of 128 words encoded on 32 bits (long word)

Parameters used to read signed numerical values which can be an end point, a shift,
etc. from the machine processor.
E42000 to E42127
E42000 to E42127: List of 128 bytes located in PLC/CNC exchange area (accessed
by the ladder function)
Read-only parameters, except by dynamic operators (operators: 6, 10, 11 and 15).
6.2.9.2 Programme Analysis Access Parameters
E110xx
The use of these parameters is reserved for the creation of special machining cycles.
Unless otherwise specified, these parameters are of the read/write type and are used 6
to enable or inhibit geometric transformations and speed overrides.
They have values of 0 or 1 and belong to an axis group.
A «0» inhibits transformation and a «1» enables transformation, i.e. it is carried out
if the function using it is programmed or if it is enabled by default.
Unless otherwise specified, these parameters are set to 1 by a reset.
E11000: Angular offset (function ED..) enabled
E11001: Programme origin offset (function G59) enabled
E11002: Not used
E11003: Processing of mirror function (function G51) enabled
E11005: Programming by diameter enabled

This parameter is reset to force programming by radius on the X (or U) axis.
Programming by diameter is possible only with G20 (programming in X, Y, Z polar
coordinates) provided it is enabled by machine parameter P4.
en-938820/5 6 - 21
E11006: Tool centre programming enabled
A «0» in this parameter forces programming with reference to the tool centre
whatever the orientation defined in the machining parameter.
E11007: Spindle speed potentiometer enabled

When this parameter is set to «0» for an axis group, the spindle speed used for this
group is set to 100 percent.
E11008: Drawing of a Complete Circle

With circular interpolation, this parameter is set to «0» to inhibit drawing a complete
circle when the start point and end point are the same.
This parameter is forced high after a reset, i.e. drawing of a complete circle is enabled.
E11012: Following error cancellation

For high precision contouring, this parameter enables cancellation of the following
error. The parameter is set to enable cancellation and reset to inhibit it.
A system reset does not affect the value of parameter E11012.
E11013: Gradual acceleration

This parameter is set to enable transformation in S of the speed variation. It is reset
to vary the speed linearly.
At power on, this parameter is set as declared in machine parameter P7 (bit 5,
word 1).
The state of the parameter is preserved after a reset.
E11014: Addressing of the deceleration function on several blocks

The deceleration function is enabled when this parameter is set to «1» and disabled
when it is set to «0».
E11015: Angle crossing management enabled

When this parameter is set to «0», the angles are not analysed when calculating the
end of block speed.
E11016: Group turret type addressing

A «0» in this parameter indicates a rear turret and a «1» a front turret. The new value
is saved until the next CNC reset.
6 - 22 en-938820/5
E31000 and E31001

Read/write parameters used to choose a type of line for graphic display.
These parameters are set to zero by graphic initialisation of the system.
E31000: Line type for G00 in graphic mode
E31001: Line type for G01, G02 and G03 in graphic mode
Numbers assigned to the parameters:
- 0: Solid line,
- 1: Dotted line,
- 2: Dashed line,
- 3: Combined line,
- 4: No line (stylus raised).
E32000 to E32005
E32000: Minimum interpolation block execution time

Read/write parameter defining the minimum execution time for a block containing a
linear or circular interpolation, expressed in milliseconds (ms).
6
This parameter can be modified by programming. It only affects the axis group in
which it is programmed (it is initialised with the value of P51 by a reset).
E32001: Overspeed coefficient on the path in G12

Read/write parameter defining the handwheel overspeed coefficient expressed in
1/1024 (with G12). The variations of the increments on the first handwheel multiplied
by this coefficient generate an overspeed applied to the programmed path.
The new value written is saved until the NC is reset.
E32002: Servo-control error tolerated on a circle

Parameter defining the servo-control error tolerated on a circle, expressed in
micrometres. It is the image of machine parameter P52.
E32003: Angle crossing speed analysis angle

Parameter defining the angle above which angle crossing speed is always analysed.
This parameter is set to «0» at power on. Its value in degrees must be declared by
programming or this processing is always carried out. The last value programmed
is saved after a reset.
en-938820/5 6 - 23
E32004: Sagittal error
Parameter defining the sagittal error in micrometres. At power on, this value is
initialised with 10 and can be modified by programming. The last value programmed
is saved after a reset.
E32005: Number of total speed anticipation filter terms

Parameter defining the number of terms of the total speed anticipation filter. This
parameter is assigned to all the axes of the group in which it is declared. It is the image
of machine parameter P55 (words 8 to 15).
Write of this parameter is enabled if:
- if the high precision contouring option is present; otherwise the system returns
error message 4,
- anticipation is enabled (E11012 = 0), or the system returns error message 95
- it is below 14, or the system returns error message 94.
The last value programmed is saved after a reset.
E49001 to E49128
E49001 to E49128: Operation number read

Read-only parameters giving the dynamic operator declared in steps 1 to 128.
6 - 24 en-938820/5
6.2.9.3 Machine State Access Parameters
E21000 to E21255
E21000 to E21255: Presence of functions 0 to 255

Read-only parameters addressing binary values.
These parameters test for presence of functions 0 to 255.
They are set to indicate that the function is present and reset to indicate that it is
absent.
E41000 to E41006 and E41102

Read-only parameters returning encoded values.
The test of parameters E41000 to E41003 is used to skip parts of programme loops.
E41000: Current mode number

This parameter is the image of operand EN.20 transmitted to the PLC.
Example: «TEST» mode E41000 = 6. 6
Numbers assigned to the parameter:
- 0: continuous mode,
- 1: single mode,
- 2: MDI mode,
- 3: rapid mode,
- 4: sequence number search mode,
- 5: edit mode,
- 6: test mode,
- 7: manual mode,
- 8: home mode,
- 9: shift mode,
- 10: automatic tool setting mode,
- 13: loading mode,
- 15: unloading mode.
E41001: Current axis group number

This parameter read in a programme returns the axis group number to which the
programme is assigned (group 1: E41001=0, group 2: E41001=1, etc.). The axis
group number used for graphic display is equal to the number of groups (for instance,
for a machine with three axis groups, E41001=3 when the programme is executed in
graphic mode).
en-938820/5 6 - 25
When in the TEST mode, the following operations are inhibited:
- stop on switch,
- priority interrupt,
- subroutine call by the automatic control function.
When in the graphic mode, the following operations are ignored:
- write to external parameters,
- subroutine call by M function,
- message transmission to the operator by $0, to the PLC by $1,
- declaration of real-time operations with dynamic operators.
Conditional branches in the part programme can trap the system into an endless loop.
E41002: Number of machine axis groups

This parameter is also the graphic axis group number (reminder: 1 to 8 groups).
E41003: Graphic machining simulation status

The value of this parameter gives the status of use of graphic simulation:
- 0: no graphic simulation,
- 1: graphic simulation with material removal for turning,
- 2: dynamic graphic simulation for turning or milling.
E41004: Job reference, Affaire No.

Eight-decade number.
E41005: Sampling period

Value in microseconds.
E41006: Axis group position servo-loop time constant

This parameter defines the time constant in milliseconds (ms). It is the image of
machine parameter P56.
E41102: Number of NC axis groups

This parameter is used to determine the number of PLC axis groups by subtracting
parameter E41102 (number of NC axis groups) from parameter E41002 (number of
machine axis groups).
6 - 26 en-938820/5
E33xyz and E43xyz

E33xyz: Addressing of the PLC output terminals
E43xyz: Addressing of the PLC input terminals

For these parameters:
- The hundreds digit specifies the rack number (x = 0 to 6)
- The tens digit specifies the card number (y = 0 to 9)
- The units digit specifies the channel number (z = 0 to 9).
REMARK Parameters E33xyz and E43xyz are not accessible unless Ladder
variable %Qrc3B.1 = 1 (see Automatic Control Function Programming
Manual in Ladder Language).
Parameters E33xyz can be written by dynamic operator No. 11 (see Dynamic
Operators Manual).
Parameters E43xyz can be read by dynamic operator No. 6 (see Dynamic Operators
Manual). 6
The read and write errors detected are listed under numbers 10 to 14 (see Appendix D).
E34xxy and E44xxy

Parameters E34xxy are write-only and parameters E44xxy are read-only.
The data read and written are signed values encoded on 16 bits.
E34xxy: Addressing of 8I8O analogue card analogue outputs
E44xxy: Addressing of 8I8O analogue card analogue inputs

For these parameters:
- The hundreds and tens digits specify the card number (xx = 00 to 13)
- The units digit specifies the channel number (y = 0 to 7).
Parameters E34xxy can be written by dynamic operator No. 11 (see Dynamic
Operators Manual).
Parameters E44xxy can be read by dynamic operator No. 6 (see Dynamic Operators
Manual).
The read and write errors detected are listed under numbers 10 to 14 (see Appendix D).
en-938820/5 6 - 27
E79002 to E79004
E79002: Value of the feed rate potentiometer assigned to the group.

The value is expressed in 1/128.
These parameters are used to address the feed rate override coefficient.
E79002 = 128 corresponds to the 100 percent setting of the potentiometer.
This parameter can only be modified by dynamic operators (read/write).
E79003: Distance remaining to be travelled in the block being executed

The distance on the path programmed in the block being executed is expressed in
the internal unit of the system.
This parameter can only be modified by dynamic operators (read/write).
E79004: Current feed rate on the path programmed in the block

The speed is expressed as the distance (in internal system units) per sample time.
This read-only parameter can only be modified by dynamic operators.
6 - 28 en-938820/5
6.2.9.4 Machining Parameters
E50000 and E51000

E50000: Current tool correction number

Parameter related to function D.
Example: current tool correction = Dxxx, i.e. E50000 = xxx
E51000: Current tool axis orientation

Parameter giving the physical address of the axis parallel to the tool direction.
If the tool axis orientation is negative, the value of 100 is added to the axis address,
i.e.:
0 for X+ 100 for X-
(1 for Y+ 101 for Y-)
2 for Z+ 102 for Z-
Example:
If E51000=2 (positive orientation on the Z axis), E51000=102 (negative orientation
6
on the Z axis).
E5y001 and E5y255 - Tool Corrections

The units are in microns (except for E56001 to E56255 and E57001 to E57255).
E50xxx: Tool X dimension of correction xxx
E51xxx: Tool Z dimension of correction xxx
E52xxx: Tool radius R of correction xxx
E53xxx: Dynamic X correction of correction xxx
E54xxx: Dynamic Z correction of correction xxx
E55xxx: Tool tip orientation of correction xxx
en-938820/5 6 - 29
E56001 to E56255: Available parameters (H of the table of dynamic corrections).
Read/write parameter used for management of tool wear or other information
(maximum 8 characters).
The values of H can be manipulated by the part programme. For instance, if the
programme contains E56001=E56001+1, the value of H of correction D1 is incremented
by 1 each time the block is read.
The values of H can be entered manually (see operator’s manual).
E57xxx: Parameter defining the tool type of correction xxx

- 0: milling tool,
- 1: turning tool,
- 2: boring tool.
E6x000, E6x001 and E6x005 - Parametric Geometric Transformations

Read/write parameters where x represents the axis number in the group (0 to 8).
The units of axes X, Y, Z, U, V and W (x = 0 to 5) and axes A, B and C (x = 6 to 8) are
determined by the internal system units specified for the linear and rotary axes (see
Secs. 2.1 and 3.1).
E6x000: DAT1 on axis x
E6x001: DAT2 on axis x
E6x005: Offset programmed by G59 on axis x
E6x002 and E6x003 - Dynamic Machine Travel

Read/write parameters where «x» is the axis number in the group (0 to 8).
The units of axes X, Y, Z, U, V and W (x = 0 to 5) and axes A, B and C (x = 6 to 8) are
determined by the internal system units specified for the linear and rotary axes (see
Secs. 2.1 and 3.1).
E6x002: Minimum dynamic machine travel on the x axis
E6x003: Maximum dynamic machine travel on the x axis

The machine travels are constrained by software limits entered when setting up the
machine (values contained in machine parameter P17).
It may prove necessary to modify these limits according to the part to be machined
or the environment (collision avoidance). Parameter E60002 is used to modify the
limits inside those defined by parameter P17.
6 - 30 en-938820/5
At power on, after a reset or an M02, these parameters are initialised with the value
90000000 (+ or - according as it is the minimum or maximum).
E72002 E62002
LZ X
Minimum
travels Za
(P17)
Z
To modify these limits, the programme should contain the following:
%28 6
N..
E62002= Za Declaration of the minimum dynamic
travel on Z
N.. ...
REMARK During machining, the system applies the tool corrections to remain
within the limits defined. For instance, for maximum travel, the tool's
cutting edge cannot exceed dimension Za-LZ.
E69000 to E69002
E69000: Scaling factor

Read/write parameter.
The units are in thousandths.
E69001: Axis tilt on grinder

Read/write parameter.
The unit is ten-thousandths of a degree.
E69002: Axis tilt on grinder

Parameter used to declare a grinder inclination (X and Z axes orthogonal) in an axis
group. The unit is ten-thousandths of a degree.
The angle of inclination is preserved after a reset.
en-938820/5 6 - 31
6.2.9.5 Group Axis Access Parameters
E7x000 to E7x007 - E7x100 and E7x101

Parameters where x represents the axis number in the group (0 to 8).
For parameters E7x000 to E7x008, the units of axes X, Y, Z, U, V and W (x = 0 to 5)
and axes A, B and C (x = 6 to 8) are determined by the internal system units specified
for the linear and rotary axes (see Secs. 2.1 and 3.1).
E7x000: Position reference of an axis in the group

Read-only parameters (except for dynamic operators).
E7x001: Probed "on-the-fly" dimension for an axis in the group

These parameters are used to directly read the axis positions during movement after
an NC priority interrupt (PLC IT inputs) programmed with G10 (see Sec. 4.11.5).
The measurement is stored in these parameters until:
- the next interrupt is received
- a manual or programmed (M02) reset is carried out.
When G10 is read in the part programme, these parameters can be initialised to
99999999 from the programme so as to make a test after acquiring the dimension
(should there be no interrupt before the programmed dimension).
E7x002: Minimum static machine travel

This parameter is the image of machine parameter P17 (see E6x002 and E6x003).
E7x003: Maximum static machine travel

This parameter is the image of machine parameter P17 (see E6x002 and E6x003).
E7x004: Direction of movement of the axes being interpolated

Read-only parameter.
This parameter is used only in conjunction with dynamic operators.
With linear interpolation, this parameter contains the incremental move for the current
block on the axis whose physical address is identified by x.
6 - 32 en-938820/5
With circular interpolation, this parameter contains the component on axis x of the
vector with length R tangent to the path (applies only to linear axes in the interpolation
plane).
E7x005: Axis address assignment

Read of these parameters gives the physical address of a programme axis (a
programme axis is assigned to a physical axis by machine parameter P9).
When no physical axis is assigned to the programme axis, the parameter takes on
the value -1.
Examples:
- if word N2 of parameter P9 has the value 05 (programme axis 5=W of group 1
assigned to physical address 2) in the first axis group, E75005=2 (physical axis
2 assigned to programme axis 5),
- if word N8 of parameter P9 has the value 26 (programme axis 6=A of group 3
assigned to physical address 8) in the third axis group, E76005=8 (physical axis
8 assigned to programme axis 6),
- if no word of P9 has the value 13 (programme axis 3=U of group 2 is unassigned)
in the second axis group, E73005=-1 (no physical axis assigned to programme
6
axis 3).
Writing to these parameters can assign a different physical axis to a programme axis.
A physical axis must be freed before being assigned to a new programme axis (by
assigning the value -1 to the parameter of the programme axis with which the physical
axis was originally associated).
Example:
- in an axis group, E75005=2 (physical axis 2 assigned to programme axis 5=W),
- in the same axis group, E74005=8 (physical axis 8 assigned to programme axis
4=V),
- to assign physical axis 8 to programme axis 5 (W):
• release physical axis 8 from programme axis 4 (E74005=-1),
• assign physical axis 8 to programme axis 5 (E75005=8).
! CAUTION
A new physical axis assigned to a programme axis must be of the same nature as the
previous axis (linear or rotary axis, servo or not, modulo or with limited excursion, etc.).
A reset or end of programme (M02) restores the default conditions specified by

machine parameter P9.
en-938820/5 6 - 33
E7x006: Axis coupling
Parameters used to create or cancel carrier/carried axis pairs.
These parameters apply to primary or secondary linear axes (programme axis
number between 0 and 5).
The value «0» assigned to the parameter cancels the primary/secondary axis pairing
to which the axis specified belongs and a «1» specifies that the axis is carried.
When the parameter related to one axis is modified, the parameter related to the other
axis of the primary/secondary axis pair is automatically modified.
A reset reconfigures the axis pairs as specified by machine parameter P64.
Example:
E70006 = 0 Axes X and U are independent
E72006 = 1 Axes Z and W are coupled.
E7x007: Axes programmed on diameter

Only parameters E70007 (X axis) and E73007 (U axis) can be programmed on
diameter.
«0» means that these parameters are programmed on radius.
«1» means that they are programmed on diameter.
E7x100: Interpolator position references

This parameter contains the position references from the interpolators. Interaxis
calibration uses these references after transformation for computing corrections.
REMARK The interpolated references E7x100 (with or without transformation)
are copied into the references used in servo-controls (E7x000) only for
the axes declared in machine parameters P2 and P3 (possibly modified
by E9100x).
6 - 34 en-938820/5
E7x101: Interpolation speed limiting

Write of this parameter limits the interpolation speed on logical axis x in the group
where it is programmed according to the relation:
V ipo (x) = P30 E7x101

* 100
However, the maximum speed on the axis is not modified.
The limit value accepted is between 0 and 100 (percent) (rounded off to the nearest
integer).
These parameters are forced to 100 percent at power on. They are all reset to 100
percent after a reset.
Possible uses of this parameter:
- Typical use: reserves part of the speed for geometric transformations carried out
downstream of the interpolation, for instance with RTCP with or without axis driven
in NM_AUTO mode (see supplementary programming manual).
- Special use with E7x101 = 0: axis x is assigned a zero speed: 6
• if it is programmed alone in a block, it is ignored
• if it is programmed with other axes, only the movements on the other axes are
carried out.
- programming others than of that a CNC axis group or programming of an non-
existent axis returns error message 91
- if the programmed value is negative or above 100, the system returns error
message 92.
en-938820/5 6 - 35
6.2.9.6 Spindle Access Parameters
E79000 and E79001

Read-only parameters (except for the dynamic operators).
E79000: Reference position of the spindle whose measurement is used by the group
to which it belongs
Position in ten-thousandths of a degree.
When the position is accessed by dynamic operators, it is expressed as 1/4096
revolution modulo 216.
E79001: Speed demand for the spindle controlled by its group

The value is: (speed demand/max speed of the range) x 215.
In «normal» parametric programming, this parameter is a read-only parameter and
gives the value programmed by «S» as a function of the spindle speed range, but not
the value calculated by the dynamic operators.
The reference value is encoded on 15 bits + sign bit.
! CAUTION
When this parameter is programmed by dynamic operators, the sign bit is used by the
system only in state M05. Otherwise, it is forced to insure the direction of rotation
programmed by M03 or M04.
The spindle potentiometer is not active in this case.
E9010x, E9011x and E9020x

Read-only parameters (except by dynamic operators) where «x» is the spindle
number (0 to 3).
These parameters allow any axis group to access any spindle.
E9010x: Spindle x position reference

(Same format as parameter E79000).
E9011x: Spindle x modulo

For additional information, see machine parameter P40.
E9020x: Spindle x speed setting

(Same format as parameter E79001).
6 - 36 en-938820/5
E9030x to E9033x
Read/write parameters where «x» is the spindle number (0 to 3).
The new values set for these parameters are saved until the next NC reset.
E9030x: Maximum spindle x indexing speed

Speed in rev/min (see machine parameter P43).
E9031x: Spindle x in-position window

Value expressed in internal units (see machine parameters P40 and P44).
E9032x: Spindle x indexing gain

Value expressed in rev/min/rev (see machine parameter P45).
E9033x: Spindle x indexing acceleration

Value expressed in rev/s2 (see machine parameter P32).
E9034x to E9035x 6
Read/write parameters where «x» is the spindle number (0 to 3).
These parameters are used to make sure the difference between the spindle speed
set and the real speed remains within a tolerance interval and also, where required,
to detect nonrotation of the spindle when the speed is below a minimum threshold.
Real E9035x
speed
Tolerance
on Vx
E9034x
Vx Speed setting
en-938820/5 6 - 37
E9034x: Speed threshold below which spindle x is considered stopped
Parameter defining the speed threshold below which the spindle is considered to be
stopped. This parameter is expressed in rpm. It is initialised with 10 at power on and
can be modified by programming. This parameter is also used as tolerance threshold
and detection of the speed reached.
E9035x: Tolerance interval coefficient

Parameter defining the tolerance interval coefficient as a function of the speed. This
parameter expressed as 1/256 is initialised with 13 (i.e. 5 percent) at power on and
can be modified by programming.
REMARK In PLC variables %R12.W, bits %R12.0 to %R12.3 (spindles 0 to 3)
indicate to the PLC that spindle rotation is correct and bits %R12.4 to
%R12.7 indicate that the spindle is stopped (i.e. at a speed below the
value declared in E9034x).
6 - 38 en-938820/5
6.2.9.7 Common NC Parameters
E80000 to E80050
Local read/write data parameters.
E8x000 to E8x999
Local read/write data parameters reserved for the system use.
These parameters are related to the inter-axis calibration (see installation and
commissioning manual).
E81xxx: Master axis position reference
E82xxx: Slave axis corrections with respect to the master axes
6.2.9.8 Machine Axis Access Parameters
E9yyxx
Parameters where xx represent the physical address of the axis (0 to 31). 6
An operation on these parameters stops movement at the end of the previous block.
E900xx, E910xx, E911xx and E920xx

E900xx: Axis measurement

Read of measured or servo axes.
Write is not possible for servo axes.
E910xx: Servo or non-servo status of the axes

These parameters reflect the servo or non-servo status of an axis (a physical axis is
declared servo or non-servo by machine parameter P3) and are used to modify this
state.
A «1» in this parameter indicates that the corresponding axis is servo controlled and
a «0» that it is non-servo.
A reset or end of programme (M02) reconfigures the axes as specified by machine
parameter P3.
en-938820/5 6 - 39
E911xx: Homing status on an axis
These parameters indicate whether the axis homing procedure has been done.
A «1» indicates that a HOME has not been completed on the axis and a«0» that it has
been completed.
This parameter addresses the axes and spindles, e.g.:
If spindle 1 is measured, programming E91124 = 1 forces a NOT HOMED status for
the spindle. Since homing is automatic on spindles, this makes it possible to reset
the spindle position reference.
E913xx: Clampable axis enable state

This parameter enables or disables axis clamping by programming.
Example:
- E91308 = 1: axis 08 can be clamped
- E91308 = 0: axis 08 cannot be clamped.
A reset applies the settings of machine parameter P8 to the axes. The list of axes that
can be clamped is sent to the PLC (by PLC variable %R24.L).
E920xx: Axis origin switch enable state

These parameters reflect the state of bit 14 of the axis port command word.
A «1» indicates that the switch is enabled and a «0» that it is inhibited.
The state of the control word can be read on all the measured axes of the machine.
Writing to this control word is possible only for non-servo axes.
A reset, end of programme (M02) or contact with the measurement sensor zero
automatically cancels an enabled status of the switch.
In HOME mode, it takes on a value of «1» when the axis jog is engaged and «0» when
it is released or when the switch is encountered.
6 - 40 en-938820/5
E930xx to E936xx
E930xx: State of the origin switches

These parameters reflect the state of bit 14 of the axis port status word.
A «1» indicates that the switch is active and the «0» that it is idle.
E931xx: Measured axis

A «1» indicates that the axis is measured.
This parameter is the image of machine parameter P2.
E932xx: Axis declared as rotary modulo 360 degrees

A «1» indicates that the axis is declared rotary modulo 360 degrees.
This parameter is the image of machine parameter P1 (word 1).
E933xx: Axis homing direction

A «1» indicates that the axis is moving in the negative direction in homing mode.
6
E934xx: Homing status without switch wiring

A «1» indicates that the origin switch is not wired on this axis.
E935xx: Axis (or spindle) in-position window

This parameter is used to define the position of an axis or a spindle. Its state is the
image of the bits of %R6.B to %R9.B transmitted to the PLC. However, if physical
axis numbers 24 to 27 correspond to spindles, the associated parameters, E93524
to E93527, indicate the spindle in-position status (spindle indexed by M19 or
synchronised spindle) and are the image of the bits of %R13.B transmitted to the PLC.
E936xx: Measurement encoder type

Parameter defining the measurement encoder type. It is the image of bits 25 and 26
of machine parameter P34.
Values that can be assigned to the parameter:
- 0: incremental encoder
- 1: absolute encoder
- 2: combined encoder
- 3: ruler with encoded reference marks.
en-938820/5 6 - 41
E940xx and E942xx
E940xx: Assignment of a slave axis (or spindle) to a master axis (or spindle)
These parameters are related to inter-axis calibration (see installation and
commissioning manual).
E941xx: Association of a slave axis (or spindle) with a master axis (or spindle)
The axes must be associated before slaving an axis to a master axis for duplication
or synchronisation (see duplicated and synchronised axes manual).
The associations can be defined by machine parameter P27 (see parameter manual)
or in the part programme, e.g.:
E941xx = m The slave axis is denoted «x» and the master axis «m».
If «m» = -1, the association of slave axis «x» with master axis «m»
is cancelled.
In the current position coordinate page (AXIS) for an axis group, pressing the
continuation «.../..» key calls a new page on which are displayed the slave axes
whose master axes belong to this group. These axes are identified by the symbolic
name of the master axis (X, Y, etc.) followed by their own physical address.
E942xx: Axis/spindle switching

Parameter used with programmed association or reassociation of an axis or spindle
measurement system with a motor reference output (dac) located at a different
address.
Example: E942xx = yy.
This setting associates motor reference output xx with axis or spindle measurement
system at address yy.
In this case:
xx (00 to 31): physical address of the axis or spindle motor reference output
yy (00 to 31): physical address of the measurement system.
If addresses xx and/or yy are not recognised, the system returns error message 92.
Restriction: reassociation is impossible and inoperative on QVN axes.
Parameters E942xx are saved after a reset.
6 - 42 en-938820/5
Typical example:
A spindle (@24) can be used as C axis (@4). The spindle and the C axis are driven
by the same motor, with different encoders.
...
(USE AS SPINDLE)
E94224=24
(by precaution, programme:)
E91004=0 (not slaved)
...
...
(USE AS C AXIS)
E94224=04
(by example, programme:)
E91004=1 (C slaved)
E91104=0 (HOMING completed)...
...
E950xx to E952xx
Read-only parameters. 6
E950xx: Axis reference offset
These parameters can only be written by interaxis calibration (see Installation and
Commissioning Manual) or by the dynamic operators (see dynamic operators
manual).
E951xx: Position of the origin switch with respect to the machine origin
This parameter is the image of machine parameter P16.
E952xx: Axis measurement correction (or spindle)
E960xx to E963xx
Read/write parameters used for duplication or synchronisation (see duplicated and
synchronised axes manual).
E960xx: duplicated axis in automatic modes

If this parameter is a «1», the axis is duplicated in the automatic modes. If it is a «0»,
it is not.
E961xx: duplicated axis in manual mode (JOG)

If this parameter is a «1», the axis is duplicated in manual mode (JOG). If it is a «0»,
it is not.
en-938820/5 6 - 43
E962xx: synchronised axis
If this parameter is a «1», the axis is synchronised. If it is a «0», it is not.
E963xx: symmetrically driven axis

If this parameter is a «1», the axis is driven symmetrically. If it is a «0», it is not.
E970xx to E973xx
Read-only parameter.
E970xx: Maximum axis speed

Maximum speed in mm/min or deg/min.
E971xx: Axis acceleration at the work rate

Acceleration expressed in mm/s2 or deg/s2.
E972xx: Axis acceleration at high speed

Acceleration expressed in mm/s2 or deg/s2.
E973xx: Maximum authorised speed at angle crossings

This parameter is the image of machine parameter P33. Its value is specified in mm/
minute.
E980xx to E983xx
Read-write parameters
E980xx: Axis servo-control coefficient

In the position servo-loop, this parameter is the proportional action coefficient applied
to the axis following error to obtain its speed reference. This parameter is the image
of machine parameter P21. It is expressed in 0.001 mm or degrees.
The value written is immediately applied to the servo-loop. However, after a RE_INIT
(power up), the value of machine parameter P21 is reused.
E981xx: Axis acceleration anticipation time constant

When machining at very high speed, this parameter is used to programme the axis
acceleration anticipation. After an initialisation, the value of machine parameter P19
is reused.
6 - 44 en-938820/5
E982xx: Amplitude of the antistick pulse on reversal

This parameter is the image of machine parameter P19 (words 32 to 63). It is
expressed in micrometres.
E983xx: Time constant to absorb the antistick pulse

This parameter is the image of machine parameter P19 (words 64 to 95). Its value
is expressed in 1/100000 s.
en-938820/5 6 - 45
6.2.10 External E Parameter Programming Syntax
The programming syntax for external E parameters is given as Conway diagrams
followed by programming examples.
6.2.10.1 Assignment of an External Parameter to an NC Function
Syntax
A E (5 digits)
A NC function.
+/- Sign.
E External parameter used as numerical value
Notes
External E parameters have integer values. When they are assigned to a function with
a decimal value, the decimal point is implicit and depends on the format of the
function.
When the value of the parameter is not compatible with the format of the function (too
many digits, etc.), the system reports an error.
Example
Use of an external parameter with NC addresses in different units.
Assignment of external parameter E80000 to addresses X and C.
N..
E80000 = 18000 Declaration of the value of the
parameter
G00 XE80000 The value of E80000 is equivalent to
18 millimetres (internal unit = µm)
G00 CE80000 The value of E80000 is equivalent to
1.8 degrees (format C034, i.e.
ten-thousandths of a degree)
It should be noted that if the feed rate F is programmed as FE80000 (example), the
feed rate F takes on the integer value declared in parameter E (in this case, the
decimal digits are excluded with F).
6 - 46 en-938820/5
6.2.10.2 Declaration of an External Parameter in the Programme
Syntax
U
R
A
T +
+ C – E (5 digits)
Value on
E (5 digits) = 8 digits
max
+
–
6
*
/
&
!
The operations in this diagram are described in detail in Sec. 6.2.6.
Notes
When an operation result that is not an integer is assigned to an external parameter,
the decimal digits are truncated. To keep a result with decimal digits, this result must
be assigned to a variable L (see Sec. 6.1.10.2).
Example
Use of external parameters with arithmetic operations.
N..
E80002 = 3150 Declaration of the value of E80002
E80016 = 2400 Declaration of the value of E80016
E80005 = E80002 / E80016 After the operation, E80005 takes on
the value 1 (truncation)
L1 = E80002 / E80016 After the operation, L1 takes on the
value 1.3125
N..
en-938820/5 6 - 47
6.2.10.3 Test on an External Parameter for a Conditional Branch
Syntax
U
R
>= A
<= T +
< + C – E (5 digits)
> – S L (1 to 3 digits)
Value on
G79 E (5 digits) = 8 digits N..
max
+
–
*
/
&
!
REMARK For tests on fractions, see Sec. 6.8.2.

Example
Use of an external parameter with a conditional test.
N.. ...
N50 E56003 = E56003+1 Increment of the parameter
G79 E56003 = > 10 N50 Condition: if E56003 ≥ 10, branch to
N50, else continue
N..
6 - 48 en-938820/5
6.2.10.4 Examples of Use of External E Parameters
Examples
Use of the external parameters related to the choice of lines for graphic display
(E31000 and E31001)
Drawing of paths using different types of lines.
%15
N10 E31000=4 G00 X200 Z200
N20 X50 Z150 Point a, no trace (stylus raised)
N30 E31001=0 G01 Z125 ES+ EB10 Point b, solid line
N40 G03 X110 Z90 I75 K90 R35 ET Point c
N50 E31001=1 G01 EA180 Z20 Point d, dotted line
N60 E31001=2 G00 X200 Z200 Point e, dashed line
N70 ...
e 6
X200
d c
X
b a
Z
200
en-938820/5 6 - 49
Use of external parameters related to DAT1 (E6x000), tool correction (E50xxx,
E51xxx, E52xxx, E55xxx) and the standard NC parameter E80000.
Execution of one of the three types of parts proposed by the programme. The part
number is selected by the operator following the message in block N10 (see Sec. 6.7).
ø E (L12)
ø D (L11)
1
,
d c
,,
1
9
b a
L1 1
R
X
Hole dia. C (L10)

Z
OP B (L2)
A (L1)
Assignment of variables
Variables L1 L2 L10 L11 L12 L19
Code A B C D E Radius
Part 1 70 25 30 40 50 4
Part 2 65 30 25 38 48 3
Part 3 60 35 20 36 46 2
6 - 50 en-938820/5
Main Programme
%100
E60000=-240000 (DAT1 ON X)
E62000=-458678 (DAT1 ON Z)
E50003=78500 (DIMENSION X) E51003=53470 (DIMENSION Z)
E52003=800 (RADIUS 0.8) E55003=1 (ORIENTATION C1)
N10 $0 ENTER PART NUMBER (1, 2 OR 3)
E80000=$0
N20 G79 E80000=1 N50
N30 G79 E80000=2 N70
N40 G79 E80000=3 N90
G79 N10 Return to N10 if 1, 2 or 3 not selected
N50 L1=70 L2=25 L10=30 L11=40 L12=50 L19=4 $PART 1
N60 G79 N100
N70 L1=65 L2=30 L10=25 L11=38 L12=48 L19=3 $PART 2
N80 G79 N100
N90 L1=60 L2=35 L10=20 L11=36 L12=46 L19=2 $PART 3
N100 G77 H101
6
N120 M02
Subroutine
%101
N10 G00 G52 X-50 Z-100
L0=E52003/1000
N20 T03 D03 M06 (EXTERNAL TOOL R0.8)
N30 S900 M40 M04
L3=-L0+1*2+L10 (Xa) L13=L1+L0+1 (Za)
N40 G42 XL3 ZL13 Point a
N50 G92 S3500
N60 G96 S250
N70 G95 F0.2
N80 G01 ZL1 Point b
N90 XL11 EBL19 Point c
N100 ZL2 Point d
L4=L0+1*2+L12 (Xe)
N110 XL4 Point e
N120 G00 G40 G52 X0 Z0 G97 S900 M05
en-938820/5 6 - 51
Use of the external parameters related to the machine axes (E90xxx and E93xxx)
Automatic HOME locating program on two axes: X (axis 0), Z (axis 1), zero ORPOM.
The programme below is given for reference and must be adapted to the features of
the particular machine.
For use of the axis address equivalence table (see Sec. 6.3).
%9990
G79 N100 Branch to N100
N10
L1=90000+L0 E900xx: measurement of the axis
L2=91000+L0 E910xx: slave axis
L3=92000+L0 E920xx: origin switch enable
L4=93000+L0 E930xx: state of the origin switch
L6=91100+0 Homing status
EL6=1 Homing not performed
EL2=0 EL1=-1000 EL2=1 L5=EL1/1000 Initialisation of the measurement with -1
N20 G79 EL4=0 N30 Branch to N30 if the axis is not on the
switch
G52 G00 L5=L5-1 @XL5 G79 N20 Back off the switch by 1 mm, sign
depending on the HOME direction
N30 EL6=1 EL2=0 EL1=-50000000 EL3=1 EL2=1 Measurement initialisation at 50 m, sign
depending on the HOME direction
G01 G52 @X0 G10 @L0>0 N40 Movement to the measurement origin
until reaching a value of zero (if
ORPOM is non-zero , take this into
account in the comparison)
N40
N100 G94 F1000
@X=X L0=0 G77 N10 N40 Definition of address
@X=Z L0=1 G77 N10 N40 equivalences:
@X: axis name, L0: axis number
N110 M02
6 - 52 en-938820/5
Use of the external parameters related to the current mode numbers (E41000) and
machine axes (E90xxx to E93xxx and E911xx)
The programme below is given for reference and must be adapted to the features of
the particular machine.
Automatic HOME locating programme for the C axis (physical address 3), zero
ORPOM.
%1000
N10 S100 M03 M40
N20 M997
N30 G79 E41000=4 N140 =4: Rapid mode
N40 G79 E41000=6 N140 =6: Test mode
N50 G04 F1
N60 M.. Encoded M functions defined by the
machine manufacturer
N70 G04 F1
N80 M64 M05
N90 E91103=1 Homing not performed
6
N100 E91003=0 E92003=1
E910xx: Axis non-servo
E90003=990000 E91003=1 E920xx: Enable HOME switch
E900xx: Overwrite axis pos'n
E910xx: Axis servo
N110 L5=E90003/10000 +180 E900xx: Read back pos'n + 180
N120 G94 F200
N130 G01 G52 CL5 G10 @3<50 N150 Movement to HOME (if ORPOM was
non-zero, take it into account in the
comparison)
N140 G79 N100
N150
Programme %1001 is used to make the C axis non-servo (spindle)
%1001
N10 M997
N20 G79 E41000=4 N50
N30 G79 E41000=6 N50
N40 M.. Encoded M function defined by the
machine manufacturer
N50 M998
en-938820/5 6 - 53
6.3 Address Equivalences
This table is used to specify the
equivalence between two axes. For
instance, it allows a programme to be ADDRESS EQUIVALENCE
written for another axis group, such as @A = A @B = B @C = C @D = D

@E = E @F = F @G = G @H = H
UW. @I = I @J = J @K = K @L = L
@M = M @N = N @O = O @P = P
The symbol @ followed by an address (A @Q = Q @R = R @S = S @T = T
@U = U @V = V @W = W @X = X
to Z) specifies an equivalent axis. @Y = Y @Z = Z
The declaration of an equivalent address

is programmed by: L/@
A A
" "
@ =
" "
Z Z
The assignment of a value to an equivalent function is programmed by:
A
"
@ followed by the value
"
Z
Example :
@ X = 300 @ X = 300 is equal to U 300
The address equivalence table is reset at power on, by a reset or by M02 (@A = A,
@ B = B, ..., @ Z = Z).
A A
" "
The declaration of a new equivalent address ( @ = ) suspends
" "
Z Z
preparation of the block in which it is programmed until execution of the previous block
is completed.
The address equivalence table is displayed by pressing the «Programme variable»
key L/@ (see example in Sec. 6.2).
6 - 54 en-938820/5
6.4 Transfer of the Current Values of L Variables and E Parameters into the
Part Programme
G76 Transfer of the current values of L variables and E parameters into the
specified programme or programme section.
This function is used to update the contents of a file called by addresses H.. and/or
N.. N..
The file of L variables and E parameters is updated with the new contents of the
corresponding active data.
Syntax
N.. G76 [H..] [N.. N..]
G76 Transfer of the current values of L variables and

E parameters into the programme specified.
H.. Specification of the programme into which the values
6
are transferred.
N.. N.. Specification of the programme section into which the
values are transferred.
Notes
The parameters to be transferred must be located at the beginning of blocks:
L variables and E parameters located after another function in a block are ignored.
The specification of an L variable or E parameter must be followed by the sign «=»
and at least ten characters (spaces, algebraic sign, numbers, decimal point)
designed to be replaced by a new value.
Failure to comply with this rule returns error message 97.
en-938820/5 6 - 55
Examples
Transfer of the values of L and E into the current programme

In the example below, only parameters L101, E80001, L4 and L6 are modified. The
other parameters are ignored.
N..
N40 G76 N100 N120
N..
N100 ..
L101=.......... E80001=..........
L4=.......... G04 E52002=.......... E52002 is not modified as it is located
after G04
L6=..........
G01 X100 L3=.......... L3 is not modified
N120
N..
Transfer of the values of L and E into a subroutine

%125
N10 G77 H200 N50 N80 Execution of blocks N50 to N80 of
%200
N..
N.. Execution of the programme after
modification of the parameters by %200
N..
N600 G76 H200 N50 N80 Update of the file
N610 M02
%200
N10 ...
N..
N50
L1=.......... E52002=..........
E80004=..........
N80
N..
6 - 56 en-938820/5
6.5 Message Display with Wait for an Operator Response

The «$» character can be used as variable in a parametric expression. It causes the
programme to wait for an operator entry.
The block containing the parametric expression can be preceded by a message
indicating the type of data to be entered.
Syntax
L../E.. = Expression depending on $
L../E.. Programme variable or external parameter.

$ Variable whose value must be entered by the operator.
Cancellation
- end of programme (M02),
- reset.
Notes on Operation 6
Upon reading the «$» character associated with a variable (possibly accompanied by
a message with a maximum of 39 characters), the system stops the programme and
waits for the operator to type an entry.
The characters typed are echoed on the message line of one of the following pages:
- Information page (INFO.)
- Current position with respect to OP page (AXIS)
- Trace during machining page (TRACE DURING MACHINING).
The entry can be numerical characters or one alphabetic character. Each type of
entry corresponds to a specific use.
en-938820/5 6 - 57
Numerical entry
The number of digits entered must not exceed eight plus sign and decimal point.
The limit values are as follows:
- Integer: < 99999999 or < -99999999
- Positive decimal: < 0.0000001 or < 9999999.9
- Negative decimal: < -9999999.9 or < -0.0000001.
The operator must confirm the entry by pressing the Enter key on the keyboard
(otherwise the system does not proceed to the next block).
REMARK Before pressing Enter, the characters entered can be deleted by the
Delete key.
Alphabetic entry
Only the first character entered is analysed.
Any capital letter from A to Z is accepted. Each letter returns a value:
A returns 1
B returns 2
and so forth to Z = 26.
REMARK The first character entered is analysed by the system which automatically
proceeds to the next blocks (it is not necessary to confirm the entry by
Enter).
It should be noted that in a test programme, each numerical value from 1 to 26
corresponds to alphabetic characters A to Z.
Example
N.. ...
N50 E80000=50
$0 ENTER THE VALUE OF X = Display of the message for the operator
N60 L0=E80000 + $ Wait for entry of the value
N..
6 - 58 en-938820/5
6.6 Display of Messages with Parametric Value

The «$» character can be used as first term of a parametric expression whose value
is displayed after being calculated by the system.
The block containing the parametric expression can be preceded by a message

indicating the name of the variable displayed.
Syntax
$ = expression
$ Variable whose value is displayed.
Cancellation
- end of programme (M02),
- reset.
Notes 6
An expression «$=...» in a block after the branch function (G79) cannot be used as
a branch condition.
Example
N..
L0=0 Initialisation of variable L0
N90 L0=LO+1 Increment of L0
$0 EXECUTION OF SUBROUTINE % Display of the first part of the message
$= L0 Display of the value following the
previous message
G77 HL0 Call to subroutine %(L0)
G79 L0<5 N90 Condition: if L0 < 5, branch to block
N90, else continue
N..
en-938820/5 6 - 59
6.7 Reading the Programme Status Access Symbols
The programme status access symbols allow all modal functions to be read. They
can be used to save the programme context when a subroutine is called. The context
can then be restored when execution of the subroutine is finished.
These read-only symbols are accessible by parametric programming.
These symbols can be:

- symbols to access the data in the current block
- symbols to access the data in the previous block.
The same data are accessible in the previous block as in the current block. The
symbols are the same, but are preceded by two dots (instead of only one).
The only reason for accessing the data in the previous block is when execution of the
current block is suspended by programming of function G999. The data are those of
the last executable block (or possible the last block already executed).
6.7.1 Symbols for Accessing the Data of the Current or Previous Block
The symbols can be:

- symbols addressing Boolean values
- symbols addressing numerical values.
General Syntax
Variable = [• symbol] or [•• symbol]
Variable L programme variable, symbolic variable [symb], E

parameter.
[• symbol] Data of the current block. Symbol between square

brackets, preceded by a dot.
[•• symbol] Data of the previous block. Symbol between square

brackets, preceded by two dots.
6 - 60 en-938820/5
6.7.1.1 Symbols Addressing Boolean Values

The symbols addressing Boolean values associated with programmed functions are
used to determine whether the functions are active or not.
The Boolean values are defined by 0 or 1.
Addressing G Functions
[•BGxx] G function addressing.
The symbol [•BGxx] is used to determine whether the G functions specified by xx are
enabled or inhibited, e.g.:
[•BGxx]=0: function Gxx inhibited
[•BGxx]=1: function Gxx enabled
List of G Functions
[•BG00]
[•BG20]
[•BG01]
[•BG21]
[•BG02]
[•BG22]
[•BG03]
[•BG29]
[•BG17]
[•BG40]
[•BG18]
[•BG41]
[•BG19]
[•BG42]
6
[•BG43] [•BG70] [•BG71] [•BG80] [•BG81] [•BG82] [•BG83]
[•BG84] [•BG85] [•BG86] [•BG87] [•BG88] [•BG89] [•BG90]
[•BG91] [•BG93] [•BG94] [•BG95] [•BG96] [•BG97]
Addressing M Functions
[•BMxx] M function addressing.
The symbol [•BMxx] is used to determine whether the M functions specified by xx are
enabled or inhibited, e.g.:
[•BMxx]=0: function Mxx inhibited
[•BMxx]=1: function Mxx enabled
List of M Functions
[•BM03] [•BM04] [•BM05] [•BM07] [•BM08] [•BM09] [•BM10] [•BM11]
en-938820/5 6 - 61
6.7.1.2 Symbols Addressing Numerical Values
The symbols addressing numerical values are used to read the modal data of the
current block or the previous block.
Addressing a Value
[•Rxx] Addressing a value.
The symbol [•Rxx] is used to address a value corresponding to the elements specified
by xx.
[•RF] Feed rate (units as programmed by G93, G94 or G95).
[•RS] Spindle speed (G97: format according the spindle
characteristics declared in machine parameter P7).
[•RT] Tool number.
[•RD] Tool correction number.
[•RN] Number of the last sequence (block) encountered.
If the block number is not specified, the last numbered
block is analysed.
[•RED] Angular offset.
[•REC] Spindle orientation (milling).
[•RG4] Programmed dwell (G04 F..).
This function, although nonmodal, may remain stored.
Its value can therefore be read if the system is in state
G999 of G998.
[•RG80] Number of the G function branching to the subroutine.
In a subroutine called by a G function, the number of the
calling function is addressed by [•RG80]; in state G80,
its value is zero.
[•RNC] Value of NC (spline curve number).
[•RDX] Tool axis orientation.
Defined by the following signs and values:
= +1 for G16 P+ or -1 for G16 P-
= +2 for G16 Q+ or -2 for G16 Q-
= +3 for G16 R+ or -3 for G16 R-
[•RXH] Nesting level of the current subroutine (up to 8 levels).
= 1: main programme
= 2: first nesting level
= 3: second nesting level, etc.
6 - 62 en-938820/5
Example
%100
N10 G00 G52 X0 Z0 G71
N..
N40 G97 S1000 M03 M41
N50 M60 G77 H9000 Tool check subroutine call
N..
N350 M02
%9000
VAR
[GPLANE] [MRANGE] [MDRN] [GINCH] [GABS] Symbolic variables (see Chapter 7)
[XRETURN] [YRETURN] [ZRETURN]
ENDV
$ CONTEXT SAVE
N10 [GPLANE]=20*[•BG20]
[GPLANE]=21*[•BG21]+[GPLANE]
[GPLANE]=22*[•BG22]+[GPLANE]
Interpolation plane
6
N20 [MRANGE]=40*[•BM40] Speed range
[MRANGE]=41*[•BM41]+[MRANGE]
N30 [MDRN]=03*[•BM03]
[MDRN]=04*[•BM04]+[MDRN] Direction of rotation
[MDRN]=05*[•BM05]+[MDRN]
N40 [GINCH]=70*[•BG70] Inches
[GINCH]=71*[•BG71]+[GINCH]
N50 [GABS]=90*[•BG90] Absolute
[GABS]=91*[•BG91]+[GABS]
[XRETURN]=E70000
[ZRETURN]=E72000
N60 G90 G70 G00 G52 Z0
N70 G52 X-100 Z-100 M05 Tool check position
N80 G52 G10 Z-500
N90 G52 Z0
N100 G52 Z [ZRETURN] Return to Z position
N110 G52 X [XRETURN]
G[GPLANE] M[MRANGE]
M[MDRN] G[GINCH] G[GABS] Restore context
en-938820/5 6 - 63
6.8 General Diagrams of Parametric Programming
The following symbols are used in the diagrams below:
[•symbol] or [••symbol]: Programme status access symbols
[symb]: Symbolic variables
These programming tools are defined in this programming manual (Sections 6.7 and
7.3) and the supplementary programming manual (Chapter 2).
6.8.1 Load of a Parametric Expression
Syntax
U
R $
A .
[ symbol]
$ T + [symb]
[symb] + C – E..
E.. – S L..
L.. = number
+
–
*
/
&
!
6 - 64 en-938820/5
6.8.2 Comparison for Conditional Branch
Syntax
U
A $
T .
[ symbol]
.R … +
R [symb]
.B
[symb] < + S – E..
E… > – C L..
G79 L… = number N…
+
–
6
*
/
&
!
Note on > = < Tests on Fractions

In tests using > = < on fractions, the test may return false whereas the system displays
a true result. This is especially the case for a loop.
Example:
...
N10
...
...
...
L1 = L1 + 0.6 G79 L1 < 6 N10
...
It should be noted that after 10 loop iterations, L1 is equal to 6 (on the display) whereas
the computation result gives 5.99. An additional iteration is therefore required. Since
0.6 in binary is not exact, there is always a remainder.
In hexadecimal = ,99999999 ... soit 1/2 + 1/16 + 1/256 + 1/512 + 1/4096 + 1/8192
+ ....
en-938820/5 6 - 65
In practice, for incrementation with fractions, always make the test on a lower value
consistent with the incrementation.
Example:
For 0.6, with 10 iterations, test on 5.9
For 0.1, with 10 iterations, test on 0.96
For 0.01, with 10 iterations, test on 0.096.
6 - 66 en-938820/5
Programme Stack - L Variables and Symbolic Variables
7 Programme Stack - L Variables and Symbolic

Variables
7.1 Programme Stack 7-3

7.1.1 Use of the Stack 7-3
7.1.2 Stack Allocation 7-3
7.2 Saving and Restoring L Variables 7-4
7.2.1 PUSH Function 7-4
7.2.2 PULL Function 7-5
7.3 Symbolic Variables 7-7
7.3.1 Declaring Symbolic Variables - VAR and
ENDV Functions 7-7
7.3.2 Using Symbolic Variables in ISO
Programmes 7-8
7.3.3 Acquisition of Variables from the Stack
of Another Axis Group:
Function VAR H.. N.. N.. 7 - 11
7.3.4 Deleting Symbolic Variables from the
Stack 7 - 13
7.3.4.1 Automatic Deletion of Symbolic Variables 7 - 13
7.3.4.2 Programmed Deletion of Variables:
DELETE Function 7 - 13
en-938820/5 7-1
7-2 en-938820/5
7.1 Programme Stack

Each axis group (including graphic axis groups) is allocated a stack located at the
bottom of the memory.
7.1.1 Use of the Stack

The stack is used to:
- save and restore L programme variables,
- assign symbolic variables,
- save spline curve coefficients.
7.1.2 Stack Allocation

The stack size is defined by machine parameter P58 (see parameter manual).
en-938820/5 7-3
7.2 Saving and Restoring L Variables
7.2.1 PUSH Function
PUSH Saves the values of the L variables on the stack.
Syntax
PUSH Lm - Ln
PUSH Function forcing save of the L variable values.

Lm - Ln L variable numbers from m to n (inclusive) whose
values are to be saved, i.e.:
- 0-19,
- 100-199,
- 900-959.
Notes
The PUSH function must be the first word in a block (no sequence number).
Saving variables spanning different ranges of numbers by one PUSH is prohibited,
e.g.:
Saving the values of L1-L19 and L100-L110
Right:
PUSH L1 - L19 Saves the values of L1 to L19
PUSH L100 - L110 Saves the values of L100 to L110
Wrong:
PUSH L1 - L110
7-4 en-938820/5
7.2.2 PULL Function
PULL Restores the values of the L variables.
Syntax
PULL Lm - Ln
PULL Function restoring the values of the L variables.

Lm - Ln L variable numbers from m to n (inclusive) whose
values are restored, i.e.:
- 0-19,
- 100-199,
- 900-959.
Notes
The PULL function must be the first word in a block (no sequence number).
The PULL function:
- does not delete the values from the stack,
- allows variables saved by a PUSH to be restored several times by PULL,
- can cause a stack overflow after a series of PUSH-PULL operations (in this case, 7
the system returns error message 195).
en-938820/5 7-5
Example
Restore by PULL of the values of Lm to Ln saved by the last PUSH on the same set
of variables.
%1 %1
" " Stack
L0-L10
L0 = 1 Stack L0 = 1
" " L0
L0-L10 L1
"
L0
PUSH L0-L10 L1 PUSH L0-L10 "
L10
"
" " " L0-L11
L10
L0 = 2 L0 = 2 L0
" Overwrites " L1
the old set with "
PUSH L0-L10 the same name
PUSH L0-L11 "
L11
" "
PULL L0-L10 Restore of PULL L0-L11 L0 = 2
" the last PUSH "
L0 = 2 in
PULL L0-L10 both cases
PULL L0-L10 L0 = 1
A PULL from Lm to Ln restores only the variables saved in the main programme or
current subroutine or those from lower nesting levels (to be valid, a PULL must always
be preceded by a PUSH).
%1 %2
" "
PUSH L0-L10 PULL L0-L10
" "
Stack
G77 H2 L0-L10
G77 N1 N2
" L0
"
" PULL L10-L12
" Prohibited:
" "
L10 The PUSH set
N1 is lost on
" returning from N2
PUSH L10-L12
"
N2
7-6 en-938820/5
7.3 Symbolic Variables

Variables declared with symbolic names. The use of symbolic variables allows the
number of variables used in parametric programming to be extended.
7.3.1 Declaring Symbolic Variables - VAR and ENDV Functions

Symbolic variables are declared between square brackets and are denoted [symb]
in the syntax defined below.
Symbolic variables are always declared between functions VAR and ENDV.
VAR Symbolic variable declaration.
VAR is the keyword enabling symbolic variable declaration.
ENDV End of symbolic variable declaration.
ENDV is the keyword defining the end of symbolic variable declaration.
Syntax
VAR [symb]
ENDV
7
VAR Symbolic variable declaration.
[symb] Symbolic variables with up to 8 alphanumeric
characters, the first of which is always alphabetic.
ENDV End of symbolic variable declaration.
en-938820/5 7-7
Notes
Functions VAR and ENDV must be the first words in the block (no sequence number).
VAR must be separated from the symbolic variable(s) by a space.
It should be noted that spaces are recognised as characters when writing a symbolic
variable. If a variable name includes a space, the space must always be included in
the name entered. Otherwise, the system returns error message 198.
ENDV must be the only word in the block.
Example:
VAR [INDEX] [RD12]
[PHASE2]
ENDV only word in the block
7.3.2 Using Symbolic Variables in ISO Programmes

A symbolic variable declaration suspends preparation of the block to which the
variables belong until execution of the previous block is finished (according to the
same principle as variables L100 to L199; see 6.1, programming notes).
Symbolic variables have real values.
Symbolic variables can be:
- assigned to all the ISO programming functions,
- used in parametric expressions,
- associated where applicable with L programme variables and E external
parameters.
The programmer can access only the symbolic variables declared in the main
programme or subroutine or those from lower nesting levels.
Programming axes by variable L or parameter E defined by symbolic variable

The system provides the possibility of programming axes by variable L or parameter
E defined by symbolic variables.
The number of the variable L or parameter E used is assigned to symbolic variable
[symb...]. Example:
VAR
[symb1]=80000 Parameter E number
[symb2]=0 Variable L number
ENDV
...
...
... XE[symb1] X axis programming (XE80000)
... BL[symb2] B axis programming (BL0)
7-8 en-938820/5
REMARK If X[symb2] or XL0 or XL[symb2] is programmed, the value specified by

the symbolic variable or variable L is in mm or in degrees if the axis is
rotary.
If XE80000 or XE[symb1] is programmed, the value specified by
parameter E (set or not) is defined in the internal system unit (see Sec.
2.1), by default µm or 0.001 degree if the axis is rotary.
Other Uses of Symbolic Variables

Symbolic variables can be used:
- to create tables or arrays,
- with structured branch and loop commands.
For further information, refer to the supplementary programming manual.
Example
Use of symbolic variables for machining a semielliptical shape

%35
M999
VAR
[XSHIFT] = 50 [CLEAR] = 10 7
[MAJ RAD] = 40 [MIN RAD] = [MAJ RAD]
[SPSPD] = 900 [DRN] = 04 [RANGE] = 40 Variable
[FDRATE] = 0.2 [CSS] = 100 declaration
[PITCH] = 5 [STRTANG] = 0 [ENDANG] = 180
[COS] [SIN]
ENDV
L1 = [MAJ RAD] + [CLEAR]
N10 G0 G52 X0 Z0
N20 T1 D1 M06 (BUTTON TOOL R=3)
N30 G97 S [SPSPD] M [DRN] M [RANGE]
$ MACHINING
N40 G0 X- [CLEAR] ZL1
N50 G1 G42 Z [MAJ RAD]
N60 G92 S4000
N70 G96 S [CSS]
en-938820/5 7-9
N80 X0 G95 F [FDRATE]
[SIN] = [MAJ RAD] * S [STRTANG]
[COS] = [MIN RAD] * C [STRTANG]
X [SIN] Z [COS]
[STRTANG] = [STRTANG] + [PITCH]
G79 [STRTANG] = < [ENDANG] N80 + 1
N90 G1 X- [CLEAR]
N100 Z-L1
N110 G0 G40 XL1
N120 G52 X0 Z0 G97 S900 M05
N130 M02
[MAJ RAD]
[CLEAR]
[MIN RAD]
(by radius)
L1
[X DAT]
OP Z
7 - 10 en-938820/5
7.3.3 Acquisition of Variables from the Stack of Another Axis Group:

Function VAR H.. N.. N..
VAR H.. N.. N.. Acquisition of variables from the stack of another axis group.
Function VAR H.. N.. N.. is used to read the symbolic variables declared in another
programme from the stack of another axis group.
Syntax
VAR H.. :s N.. N.. +i +j
VAR Acquisition of variables from the programme stack of

another axis group.
H.. Number of the programme or subroutine from where the
symbolic variables are to be fetched.
:s Number «s» of the memory area where programme H..
is located (s can have any value between 0 and 3 after
the character :)
Argument :s is optional.
(see details below on :s) 7
N.. N.. Numbers of the first and last block defining the limit
between which the symbolic variables are located.
(see details below on N.. N..)
+i +j Offset with respect to blocks N.. and N..
+i with respect to the first block,
+j with respect to the last block.
Notes
When a variable acquired by VAR N.. N.. has the same name as a variable already
declared in the current programme or subroutine, the current one's value is overwritten.
en-938820/5 7 - 11
Details on Area Number :s
An independent axis group (PLC group) whose programme is located in a protected
memory area (area 1, 2 or 3) can read variables located in area 0 if the NC is not in
an edit mode. Otherwise, execution of the independent axis group programme is
suspended until the NC leaves the edit mode.
If :s is not specified, the programme is searched for:
- from area 0 to area 3 for the NC groups,
- from area 1 to area 3 for the independent groups.
Details on Blocks N.. N..

If programme number H.. is not specified, the limits from N.. to N.. are searched for
in the current programme or subroutine.
If the second block number N.. is not specified, only the variables in block N.. are read.
Diagram of the Syntax
Start of :s Bloc
block continuation
VAR H..
N..
+i N..
+j
Example
%1 %2
N10 ... N10
N.. N..
VAR H2 N50 N60 L0=[I] L1=[T(1,3)] VAR
N.. N50 [I] = 3 [J] =4
[T(2,3)] = 3 , 4
=5, 6
N60 =7, 8
ENDV
7 - 12 en-938820/5
7.3.4 Deleting Symbolic Variables from the Stack

The variables are not deleted until the block preceding the deletion command has
been executed.
7.3.4.1 Automatic Deletion of Symbolic Variables

A return from a subroutine deletes all the variables declared in the subroutine and
releases the space they occupied on the stack.
The end of programme command (M02) or an operator reset deletes all the variables
and reinitialises the stack.
7.3.4.2 Programmed Deletion of Variables: DELETE Function
DELETE Deletion of symbolic variables from the programme or subroutine.

Deletes the global variables from the stack.
Syntaxe
DELETE * [symb1]/[symb2]…
DELETE Deletes the symbolic variables from the programme or

subroutine. 7
Deletion of the global variables from the stack.
* When the variables names are preceded by the
character *, the variables to be deleted are searched for
in the entire stack.
When the variable names are not preceded by the
character *, the search for the variables to be deleted is
limited to the variables declared in the main programme
or subroutine.
[symb1]/[symb2]… Variables to be deleted.
en-938820/5 7 - 13
Notes
The DELETE function:
- must be the first word in the block (no sequence number),
- must be followed by at least one space but there must be no spaces in the list of
variables,
- is followed by the list of variables and arrays to be deleted; the variables are
separated by the character /.
Only the first four letters of the keywords are significant for the system. For instance,
DELE is equivalent to DELETE.
Example
DELE [IX]/[TAB1]/[PROF1] Deletion of variables
DELE * [IZ]/[TAB3]/[PROF2] Deletion of variables from the stack
7 - 14 en-938820/5
Programming of Error Numbers and Messages
8 Programming of Error Numbers and Messages
8.1 General 8-3

8.1.1 Error Numbers 8-3
8.1.2 Error Messages 8-3
8.2 Creating Error Messages 8-3
en-938820/5 8-1
8-2 en-938820/5
8.1 General
Error numbers can be included for analysis in the programmes and subroutines.
The error numbers can be accompanied by a message.
The errors detected by the programmes are processed and displayed in the same
way as the errors detected by the NC software.
8.1.1 Error Numbers

The errors created can be numbered from 1 to 9999.
The error number is programmed after the address E followed by a decimal point. For
instance, to create error 503, programme:
E.503
This programming causes the following display:
error E.503 block N..
8.1.2 Error Messages

When the error number is accompanied by a message, programming E.503 results
in the following display:
Error 503 - block N..
SPINDLE NOT INDEXED.
8.2 Creating Error Messages

The messages are contained in a list of programmes numbered from %20000 to
%29900 in 100-block increments (maximum 100 messages per programme).
8
Each block of a message programme (%20000 to %29900) begins with the block
number N.. corresponding to the error number, possibly followed by the character $
and the message.
REMARK There must always be a space between the symbol $ and the message.
The third and fourth digits from the right of the error programme number are the same
as the number of the error they contain. For instance, programme %2xx00 and errors
Nxx00.
Example:
Programme of messages 1 to 99
%20000 (ERRORS 1 TO 99)
N0001 $ ...
to
N0099 $ ...
Etc. up to programme %29900 (see below)
en-938820/5 8-3
Programme of messages 9900 to 9999
%29900 $ ... (ERRORS 9900 TO 9999)
N9900 $ ...
N..
N..
N..
N..
N9999 $ ...
REMARKS When the blocks following an error number are unnumbered, they may
provide additional information to the message displayed. In case of an
error, these blocks are not displayed (the list of errors can be consulted).
When an error created has the same number as a standard NUM error,
the error created takes precedence.
Example
Programming with error numbers and messages
Error message programme

%20500 (ERRORS 500 to 599)
N501 $ DIMENSION NOT POSITIVE
N502 $ G FUNCTION MISSING
N503 $ SPINDLE NOT INDEXED
N..
N540 $ MACHINE CONDITIONS NOT SATISFIED
- OIL PRESSURE LOW
- SEE DETAIL ON PLC MESSAGE
N..
N..
N..
N..
N..
N599 ...
8-4 en-938820/5
Part programme
%123
N10 ...
N..
N150 G108 Cycle calling a subroutine
N..
N.. M02
Subroutine
%10108
N..
N..
G79 L0=0 N300 Test for error 501, jump to block N300 if
the condition is not satisfied and display
the message
N..
N..
IF E10002=1 AND E10020= 0 THEN E.540 Test for error 540
ENDI
N..
N300 E.501 Error 501
N..
8
en-938820/5 8-5
8-6 en-938820/5
Function Summary Tables
Appendix A Function Summary Tables
A.1 G Function Summary Table A-3

A.2 M Function Summary Table A - 17
A.3 Additional Function Summary Table A - 22
en-938820/5 A-1
A-2 en-938820/5
A.1 G Function Summary Table

The functions initialised at power on are identified by «*».
G00: Linear interpolation at high speed (see Sec. 4.4)
Syntax:
N.. [G90/G91] G00 [R+/R-] X.. Z..
X
Cancellation:
G01/G02/G03/G33. Z
G01*: Linear interpolation at programmed feed rate (see Sec. 4.5.1)
Syntax:
N.. [G90/G91] G01 [R+/-] X.. Z.. [F..]
X
Cancellation:
G00/G02/G03/G33. Z
G02: Clockwise circular interpolation at programmed feed rate (see Sec. 4.5.2)
Syntax: I-K
N.. [G90/G91] G02 X.. Z.. I.. K.. / R.. [F..]
R
Cancellation:
G00/G01/G03/G33. X
A
Z
G03: Counterclockwise circular interpolation at programmed feed rate (see Sec. 4.5.2)
Syntax:
N.. [G90/G91] G03 X.. Z.. I.. K.. / R.. [F..]
R
Cancellation:
G00/G01/G02/G33. I-K
X
en-938820/5 A-3
G04: Programmable dwell (see Sec. 4.15.1)
Syntax: 60
N.. G04 F..
45 15
Cancellation: 30
End of block.
G05: Programming a movement on the inclined axis (see Sec. 4.16.2)
Syntax:
N.. [G90/G91] [G00/G01] G05 X..
Cancellation:
End of block.
G06: Spline curve execution command (see Sec. 4.13.2.2)
Syntax:
N.. G06 NC..
Cancellation:
End of block.
G07: Initial tool positioning before machining along an inclined axis (see Sec. 4.16.2)
Syntax:
N.. [G90] [G00/G01] G07 X.. Z..
Cancellation:
End of block.
G09: Deceleration at end of block before continuation on next block (see Sec. 4.6)
With G09
Syntax:
N.. G09 [G00/G01/G02/G03] X.. Z.. [F..]
εp
Cancellation:
End of block.
Without G09
A-4 en-938820/5
G10: Interruptible block (see Sec. 4.11.5)
Syntax:
N.. [G40] [G04 F..] [G00/G01/G02/G03] X.. Z.. G10 [:n] [+X.. or F..] [@n < >Value] N.. [+ Number] [EF..]
Cancellation:
End of block.
G12: Overspeed by handwheel (see Sec. 4.15.3)

e
d rat
Fee
Syntax:
N.. [G01/G02/G03] G12 X.. Z.. [F..] [$0 ...]
Cancellation:
End of block.
G16*: Definition of the tool axis orientation with addresses P, R (see Sec. 4.8.2)
P+
Syntax:
N.. G16 P±/R±
X
Cancellation:
R+
G16 P±/R±.
Z
G20*: Programming in polar coordinates (X, Z, C) (see Sec. 4.14.1)
Syntax:
A
N.. [G40] G20 [G00/G01] [X.. Z.. C..] [F..]
Cancellation:
G21 and G22.
G21: Programming in cartesian coordinates (X, Y, Z) (see Sec. 4.14.3)

X
Syntax:
N.. [G40] G21 [G00/G01] [G41/G42] [X.. Y.. Z..] [G94 F..]
C
Cancellation:
G20.
en-938820/5 A-5
G22: Programming in cylindrical coordinates (X, Y, Z) (see Sec. 4.14.4)
Z
Syntax:
N.. [G40] G22 [G00/G01] [G41/G42] [X.. Y.. Z..] [G94 F..] C
Cancellation:
G20.
G23: Circular interpolation defined by three points (see Sec. 4.5.3)
Syntax:
N.. [G90/G91] G23 X.. Z.. I.. K.. [F..]
Cancellation:
End of block.
G33: Constant lead thread cutting (see Sec. 4.9.2) K
P
Syntax:
N.. G33 X.. Z.. K.. [EA..] [EB..] P.. [Q..] [R..] [F..] [S..]
X
Q
Cancellation:
End of block.
Z
Thread
G38: Sequenced thread cutting (see Sec. 4.9.3)
Thread
Syntax:
N.. G38 X.. Z.. K..
Cancellation: X
G00/G01/G02/G03.
Z
G40*: Tool compensation cancel (see Sec. 4.8.4) Tool

centre
Syntax:
N.. [G00/G01] G40 X.. Z..
X
Cancellation:
G41/G42. Z Theoretical
cutting point
A-6 en-938820/5
G41: Tool compensation, left (see Sec. 4.8.4)
Syntax: R
N.. [D..] [G00/G01/G02/G03] G41 X.. Z..
Tool path
X
Cancellation:
G40/G42.
Z
G42: Tool compensation, right (see Sec. 4.8.4)

Tool path
Syntax:
N.. [D..] [G00/G01/G02/G03] G42 X.. Z.. R
X
Cancellation:
G40/G41. Z
G48: Spline curve definition (see Sec. 4.13.2.1)
Syntax:
N.. G48 NC.. H.. /N.. N..
Cancellation:
End of block.
G49: Spline curve deletion (see Sec. 4.13.2.4)
Syntax:
N.. G49 NC..
A
Cancellation:
End of block.
G51: Mirror function (see Sec. 4.15.15)
Syntax:
N.. G51 X- (Y-) Z-
Cancellation:
G51 X- (Y-) Z- is cancelled by programming G51 X+ (Y+) Z+.
en-938820/5 A-7
G52: Programming movements in absolute dimensions with reference to the measurement origin (see
Sec. 4.12.1)
X
Syntax: OM
N.. [G40] [G90] [G00/G01] G52 X.. Z.. C.. [F..]
Z
Cancellation:
End of block. 52
G
G53: Cancellation of shifts DAT1 and DAT2 (see Sec. 4.12.2)
Syntax:
N.. G53
Cancellation:
G54.
G54*: Enabling of shifts DAT1 and DAT2 (see Sec. 4.12.2)
Syntax:
N.. G54
Cancellation:
G53.
G59: Programme origin offset (see Sec. 4.12.4) OP1
Syntax: 59
G
N.. [G90/G91] G59 X.. Z.. U.. W.. C.. [I.. K.. ED..] X
Cancellation: OP Z
Cancelled by G59 with different X.. (Y..) Z..
G63: Roughing cycle with groove (see Sec. 4.10.4) (EZ) XZ Programmed
blank
Syntax:
N.. G63 N.. N.. X.. Z.. EX.. / EZ.. P.. / R.. EA.. / EU.. EW..
[EB..] [EC..] [ER..] [Q..] [EQ..] [EF..]
X
Cancellation:
Finished ER
End of block. profile
Z
A-8 en-938820/5
K
G64: Turn/Face roughing cycle (see Sec. 4.10.1) Programmed
blank
Syntax:
N.. G64 N.. N.. [I.. K..] P.. / R..
N.. BLANK DEFINITION
X
I
Cancellation: Finished profile
G80.
Z
G65: Groove roughing cycle (see Sec. 4.10.2) N..
K N..
Syntax:
N.. G65 N.. N.. X.. / Z.. [I.. K..] [EA..] P.. / R.. [Q..] [EF..] X
Finished
Cancellation: I profile
End of block.
Z
G66: Plunging cycle (see Sec. 4.10.3)
Syntax: D1 D2
N.. G66 D.. X.. Z.. [EA..] P.. / R.. [EF..] XZ
R
Cancellation:
End of block Z
G70: Inch data input (see Sec. 4.15.4)
Syntax:
N.. G70
Inches
Pouces 1 2
A
Cancellation:
G71.
G71: Metric data input (see Sec. 4.15.4)
Syntax: mm
10 0,2 m 20 30 40
N.. G71 mm
Cancellation:
G70.
en-938820/5 A-9
G73*: Scaling factor cancel (see Sec. 4.15.14)
Syntax:
N.. [G40] G73
Cancellation:
G74.
G74: Scaling factor enable (see Sec. 4.15.14)
Syntax:
N.. [G40] G74
Cancellation:
G73.
G75: Emergency disengagement subroutine enable (see Sec. 4.11.7)
Syntax:
N.. G75 N..
Cancellation:
Cancelled by G75 N0 or G75 with different N..
G76: Transfer of the current values of L and E parameters into the part programme (see Sec. 6.4)
Syntax:
N.. G76 [H..] [N.. N..]
Cancellation:
End of block.
G76+/-: ISO programme or block creation/deletion (see Sec. 4.11.12)
The syntax specific to each function is described below
Cancellation G76+/-:
End of block.
A - 10 en-938820/5
G76+: Programme creation (see Sec. 4.11.12.2)
Syntax:
N.. G76+ H..
G76-: Programme deletion (see Sec. 4.11.12.3)
Syntax:
N.. G76- H..
G76+: ISO block insertion (see Sec. 4.11.12.4)
Syntax:
N.. G76+ N.. [+number] ISO block
G76-: ISO block deletion (see Sec. 4.11.12.5)
Syntax:
N.. G76- [H..] N.. [+number]
G77: Unconditional branch to a subroutine or sequence of blocks with return (see Sec. 4.11.1)
Main programme
Syntax: %10
N.. G77 [H..] [N.. N..] [S..] N..
N..
N . . G77 . . . . Subroutine
A
Cancellation: N.... %
End of block. N.. N..
N..
N..
G77 -I: Call of the subroutine return block (see Sec. 4.11.11)
Syntax:
N.. G77 i
Cancellation:
End of block.
en-938820/5 A - 11
G78: Axis group synchronisation (see Sec. 4.17.6)
Syntax:
N.. G78 Q.. / Pj.i
Cancellation:
Cancelled by G78 Q0 or G78 with different Q..
G79: Conditional or unconditional jump to a sequence without return (see Sec. 4.11.3)
Current programme
Syntax: %100
N.. G79 [L../E.. > = < Number] N.. N..
N..
N . . G79 N350
Cancellation: N..
End of block. N..
N350
N..
N..
G79+/-: Temporary suspension of next block preparation in a sequence with movements (see Sec.
4.11.6)
Syntax:
N.. [G00/G01/G02/G03] X.. Z.. G79 +/- X.. / F..
Cancellation:
End of block.
G80*: Machining cycle cancel (see Sec. 4.9.1)
Syntax:
N.. G80
Cancellation:
G64/G81-G85/G87/G79.
G81: Centre drilling cycle (see Sec. 4.9.4.2)

X
Syntax:
Z
N.. G81 X.. / Z.. [ER..] [EH..]
OP
Cancellation:
G80/G64/G65/G66/G82-G85/G87 and G89.
A - 12 en-938820/5
G82: Counterboring cycle (see Sec. 4.9.4.3)

X
Syntax:
Z
N.. G82 X.. / Z.. [ER..] [EH..] EF..
Cancellation: OP
G80/G64/G65/G66/G81/G83-G85/G87 and G89.
G83: Peck drilling cycle (see Sec. 4.9.4.4)

X
Syntax:
N.. G83 X.. / Z.. [ER..] [EH..] [P..]/[ES..] [Q..] [EP..] [EF..]
OP Z
Cancellation:
G80/G64/G65/G66/G81/G82/G84/G85/G87 and G89.
G84: Tapping cycle (see Sec. 4.9.4.5)
Syntax: X
N.. G84 X.. / Z.. [ER..] [EH..] EF.. Z
Cancellation: OP
G80/G64/G65/G66/G81-G83/G85/G87 and G89.
EDCBAEDCBA@?>=<
ONMLKJIHGEDCBA@?>=<FONMLKJIHGEDCBA@?>=<
G84: Rigid tapping cycle (see Sec. 4.9.4.6)

FONMLKJIHGEDCBA@?>=<ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<
A
ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<FONMLKJIHGEDCBA@?>=<
FONMLKJIHGEDCBA@?>=<ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<
Syntax:
ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA@?>=<FGEDCBA@?>=<
N.. G84 X.. / Z.. K.. [ER..] [EH..] [EK..] X

OP Z
Cancellation:
G80/G64/G65/G66/G81-G83/G85/G87 and G89.
G85: Boring cycle (see Sec. 4.9.4.7)
Syntax: X
N.. G85 X.. / Z.. [ER..] [EH..] [EF..] Z
Cancellation: OP
G80/G64/G65/G66/G81-G84/G87 and G89.
en-938820/5 A - 13
G87: Drilling cycle with chip breaking (see Sec. 4.9.4.8)
X
Syntax:
N.. G87 X.. / Z.. [ER..] [EH..] [P..]/[ES..] [Q..] [EP..] [EF..]
OP Z
F..
Cancellation:
G80/G64/G65/G66/G81-G85 and G89.
G89: Boring cycle with dwell in hole bottom (see Sec. 4.9.4.9)
,
, ,
X
, ,
Syntax: Z
, ,
N.. G89 X.. / Z.. [ER..] [EH..] EF..
,
OP
Cancellation:
G80/G64/G65/G66/G81-G85 and G87.
G90*: Programming in absolute dimensions with respect to the programme origin (see Sec. 4.1.1)
X
Syntax: Z
N.. G90 X.. Z.. C.. X

Z
Cancellation: OP
G91.
G91: Programming in incremental dimensions with respect to the start of the block (see Sec. 4.1.1)
X
Syntax: Z X
Z
N.. G91 X.. Z.. C..
OP
Cancellation:
G90.
G92 X Z: Programme origin preset (see Sec. 4.12.3)

Current
point X
Syntax:
N.. G92 X.. Z.. G92..
X OP1 Z
Cancellation: OP0 Z
End of block.
A - 14 en-938820/5
G92 R: Programming of the tangential feed rate (see Sec. 4.7.3)
Syntax:
N.. G92 R..
R min
F..
Cancellation:
Cancelled by G92 R0 or G92 with different R..
G92 S: Spindle speed limiting (see Sec. 4.3.7)
Syntax:
N.. G92 S..
Cancellation:
Cancelled by G92 S0 or G92 with different S..
G94*: Feed rate expressed in millimetres, inches or degrees per minute (see Sec. 4.7.1)
Syntax:
N.. G94 F.. G01/G02/G03 X.. Z.. C.. F (mm/min
X
Cancellation:
G95.
Z
G95: Feed rate expressed in millimetres or inches per revolution (see Sec. 4.7.2)
F A
Syntax:
X
N.. G95 F.. [G01/G02/G03] [X.. Z..] mm/tour

Cancellation:

Z

G94.
G96: Constant surface speed expressed in meters per minute (see Sec. 4.3.2.1)
Syntax: N eases
N.. G96 [X..] S.. decr
X
N s
ase
Cancellation: i e
n c r
G97.
en-938820/5 A - 15
G97*: Spindle speed expressed in revolutions per minute (see Sec. 4.3.2) S
Syntax:
N.. G97 S.. [M03/M04]
Cancellation:
G96.
G98: Definition of the start X for interpolation on the C axis (see Sec. 4.14.2)
X..
Syntax: C-
N.. G98 X..
X
Cancellation:
End of block.
C+
G997: Enabling and execution of all functions stored in state G999 (see Sec. 4.15.16)
Syntax:
N.. G997
Cancellation:
G998/G999.
G998: Enabling of execution of the blocks and part of the functions processed in state G999
(see Sec. 4.15.16)
Syntax:
N.. G998
Cancellation:
G997/G999.
G999: Suspension of execution and forcing of block concatenation (see Sec. 4.15.16)
Syntax:
N.. G999
Cancellation:
G997/G998.
A - 16 en-938820/5
A.2 M Function Summary Table

The functions initialised at power on are identified by «*».
The miscellaneous functions listed in the table are decoded functions.
M00: Programme stop (see Sec. 4.15.7)

Programme
Syntax: %25
CYCLE N..
N.. [G40] M00 [$0 ...] N..
N . .M00
Cancellation: N..
N..
Action on the machine panel CYCLE key.
Programme
M01: Optional stop (see Sec. 4.15.8) M01
%12
N..
Syntax: N..
N.. [G40] M01 [$0 ...] N..
N . . M01
N..
Cancellation:
M02: End of programme (see Sec. 2.3)

%50
Syntax:
N..
N..
A
N.. M02 N..
N..
N . . M02
M03: Clockwise spindle rotation (see Sec. 4.3.1)
Syntax:
N.. M03
Cancellation: M03
M04/M05/M00/M19.
en-938820/5 A - 17
M04: Counterclockwise spindle rotation (see Sec. 4.3.1)
Syntax: M04
N.. M04
Cancellation:
M03/M05/M00/M19.
M05*: Spindle stop (see Sec. 4.3.1)
Syntax:
N.. M05
Cancellation:
M03/M04.
M06: Tool change (see Sec. 4.8.1)

T..
Syntax:
N.. T.. M06 [ $0.. or (...)] M06
Cancellation:
M function report (CRM). T..
M07: Coolant 2 on (see Sec. 4.15.6)
Syntax:
M07
N.. M07
Cancellation:
M09.
M08: Coolant 1 on (see Sec. 4.15.6)
Syntax:
N.. M08
Cancellation:
M09. M08
A - 18 en-938820/5
M09*: Coolant off (see Sec. 4.15.6)
Syntax:
N.. M09 1
Cancellation:
M07/M08. 2
M10: Clamp (see Sec. 4.15.5)
Syntax:
N.. [G00/G01/ G02/G03] M10 X.. Z.. C..
Cancellation:
M11.
M11: Unclamp (see Sec. 4.15.5)
Syntax:
N.. [G00/G01/G02/G03] M11 X.. Z.. C..
Cancellation:
M10.
M12
M12: Programmed feed stop (see Sec. 4.15.2)
Syntax:
ARUS
A
N.. M12 [$0...]
Cancellation:
M19: Spindle index (see Sec. 4.3.4) Fixed

indexing point
Syntax:
N.. [G97 S..] [M40-M45] [M03/M04] C±.. M19
Cancellation: dle
Spin
M03/M04/M05. a is
x
en-938820/5 A - 19
M40-M45: Spindle speed ranges (see Sec. 4.3.3)
Syntax:
N.. [G97 S..] [M03/M04] M40 to M45
Cancellation:
Cancel one another.
M48*: Enable overrides (see Sec. 4.15.11)

50 to 100% 0 to 120%
Syntax:
N.. M48
Cancellation:
M49. Spindle speed Feed rate
M49: Disable overrides (see Sec. 4.15.11)

100% 100%
Syntax:
N.. M49
Cancellation:
M48. Spindle speed Feed rate
M61: Current spindle release from group (see Sec. 4.17.5)
Syntax:
N.. M61
Cancellation:
M62-M65.
M64*, M65, M62, M63: Control of spindles 1 to 4 (see Sec. 4.3.5)
Syntax:
N.. [G97 S..] M62/M63/M64/M65 [ M40 to M45] M03/M04
Cancellation:
Cancel one another.
A - 20 en-938820/5
M66*, M67, M68, M69: Measurement of spindles 1 to 4 (see Sec. 4.3.6)
Syntax:
N.. M66/M67/M68/M69
Cancellation:
Cancel one another.
M997: Forced block sequencing (see Sec. 4.15.10) Programme

%30
Syntax: N..
N.. M997 N..
N70 M997
N80
Cancellation: Forcing N90
M998/M999/M02. N100
N..
M998*: Reactivation of the EDIT and MDI modes and subroutine calls by the automatic control
function (see Sec. 4.15.9)
Syntax:
N.. M998
Cancellation: A
M997/M999.
M999: Programmed cancellation of the EDIT and MDI modes and subroutine calls by the automatic
control function(see Sec. 4.15.9)
Syntax:
N.. M999
Cancellation:
M997/M998/M02.
en-938820/5 A - 21
A.3 Additional Function Summary Table
ED: Programmed angular offset (see Sec. 4.12.5)
Syntax:
N.. [G90/G91] ED..
Cancellation:
ED0 or different ED..
EG: Programmed acceleration modulation (see Sec. 4.15.13)
Syntax:
N.. EG..
Cancellation:
Programming of a new value, M02, reset.
F: Feed rate, dwell, number of thread starts
Syntax:
N.. G94 F.. (Feed rate in mm/min, deg/min and inch/min, see Sec. 4.7.1)
N.. G95 F.. (Feed rate in mm/rev and inch/rev, see Sec. 4.7.2)
N.. G04 F.. (Dwell in seconds, see Sec. 4.15.1)
N.. G33 F.. (Thread cutting, number of thread starts, see Sec. 4.9.2)
Cancellation:
G94, G95: different F..; G04, G33: end of block.
S: Rpm, meters/minute, number of subroutine repetitions, number of passes.
Syntax:
N.. G92 S.. (Spindle rpm limiting, see Sec. 4.3.7)
N.. G96 S.. (Constant surface speed in meters/min, see Sec. 4.3.2.1)
N.. G97 S.. (Spindle speed in rpm, see Sec. 4.3.2)
N.. G77 [H..] [N.. N..] S.. (Subroutine call and repetitions, see Sec. 4.11.1)
N.. G33 S.. (Thread cutting, number of passes, see Sec. 4.9.2)
Cancellation:
S0 or different S..
A - 22 en-938820/5
T: Tool number (see Sec. 4.8.1)
Syntax:
N.. T.. M06 (Tool change)
Cancellation:
T0 or different T..
D: Tool correction number (see Sec. 4.8.3)
Syntax:
N.. D.. (Call of correction )
Cancellation:
D0 or different D..
en-938820/5 A - 23
A - 24 en-938820/5
External Parameter E Summary Tables
Appendix B External Parameter E Summary Tables
B.1 Parameters in the PLC Memory B-3

B.2 Parameters in the NC Memory B-3
en-938820/5 B-1
B-2 en-938820/5
Parameters E are accessible for read only or for read/write by the part programme.
The values of parameters E related to movements on the axes are expressed in the
internal system units specified for linear axes and rotary axes (see Sec. 2.1). In the
tables below, “IU” denotes the internal unit.
The parameters specific to milling are given in the tables for guidance and are
identified by the word «Milling».
B.1 Parameters in the PLC Memory

Parameters See Description Value or Access by the part
Sec. units programme
E10000 6.2.9.1 1-bit words 0 or 1 Read/write
to E10031
E20000 6.2.9.1 1-bit words 0 or 1 Read only

to E20031
E20100 6.2.9.3 State of PLC interrupt machine inputs (IT) 0 or 1 Read only
to E20103
E20104 6.2.9.3 State of interrupt inputs (IT) on a first 0 or 1 Read only

to E20107 IT_ACIA card
E20108 6.2.9.3 State of interrupt inputs (IT) on a second 0 or 1 Read only

to E20111 IT_ACIA card
E30000 6.2.9.1 Long words - 99999999 Read/write

to E30127 to 99999999
E40000 6.2.9.1 Long words - 99999999 Read only

to E40127 to 99999999
E42000 6.2.9.1 1-byte words 0 to 1 Read only

to E42127 B
B.2 Parameters in the NC Memory
E11000 6.2.9.2 Angular offset (ED) enabled 0 or 1 Read/write
(+ graphic)
E11001 6.2.9.2 Programme origin offset (G59) enabled 0 or 1 Read/write

(+ graphic)
en-938820/5 B-3
E11003 6.2.9.2 Mirror function (G51) enabled 0 or 1 Read/write
(+ graphic)
E11005 6.2.9.2 Programming on diameter 0 or 1 Read/write

(+ graphic)
E11006 6.2.9.2 Tool centre programming 0 or 1 Read/write

(+ graphic)
E11007 6.2.9.2 Spindle potentiometer enabled 0 or 1 Read/write

(+ graphic)
E11008 6.2.9.2 Drawing of a complete circle 0 or 1 Read/write

(+ graphic)
E11012 6.2.9.2 Following error cancellation 0 or 1 Read/write
E11013 6.2.9.2 Gradual acceleration 0 or 1 Read/write
E11014 6.2.9.2 Addressing of the deceleration function 0 or 1 Read/write

on several blocks
E11015 6.2.9.2 Change of vector anticipation enabled 0 or 1 Read/write

(+ graphic)
E11016 6.2.9.2 Front or rear turret 0 or 1 Read/write
E11017 Milling Inclined plane function enabled 0 or 1 Read only
E11018 Milling RTCP function enabled 0 or 1 Read only
E21000 6.2.9.3 Presence of functions 0 to 255 0 or 1 Read only

to E21255
E31000 6.2.9.2 Line type for G0 in graphic display 0 to 4 Read/write

(+ graphic)
E31001 6.2.9.2 Line type for G01-G02-G03 in 0 to 4 Read/write

graphic display (+ graphic)
E32000 6.2.9.2 Minimum execution time of ms Read/write

an interpolation block
E32001 6.2.9.2 Path overspeed coefficient in G12 1 / 1024 Read/write
E32002 6.2.9.2 Servo-control error tolerated on a circle µm Read/write
B-4 en-938820/5

E32003 6.2.9.2 Angle crossing speed analysis angle 1/10000 Read/write
degree
E32004 6.2.9.2 Sagittal error µm Read/write
E32005 6.2.9.2 Number of total speed anticipation filter terms 1 to 14 Read/write
E33xyz 6.2.9.3 PLC output terminal addressing x = 0 to 6 Read/write

y = 0 to 9
z = 0 to 9
E34xxy 6.2.9.3 Addressing of 8I8O analogue card xx = 0 to 13 Write only

analogue outputs y = 0 to 7
E41000 6.2.9.3 Current mode number 0 to 15 Read only
E41001 6.2.9.3 Current axis group number 0 to number Read only

of groups
E41002 6.2.9.3 Number of groups in the machine 1 to 8 Read only
E41003 6.2.9.3 Graphic machining simulation status 0 to 2 Read only
E41004 6.2.9.3 Job reference image 0 to 99999999 Read only
E41005 6.2.9.3 Sampling period µs Read only
E41006 6.2.9.3 Axis group position servo-loop ms Read only

time constant
E41102 6.2.9.3 Number of CNC axis groups 0 to 7 Read only
E43xyz 6.2.9.3 PLC input terminal addressing x = 0 to 6 Read/write

y = 0 to 9
z = 0 to 9 B
E44xxy 6.2.9.3 Addressing of 8I8O analogue card xx = 0 to 13 Read only
analogue inputs y = 0 to 7
E49001 6.2.9.2 Read of dynamic operation numbers 1 to 128 Read only

to E49128 (dynamic operators)
E50000 6.2.9.4 Current tool correction number 0 to 255 Read only
E50001 6.2.9.4 Tool X dimension IU Read/write

to E50255
en-938820/5 B-5
E51000 6.2.9.4 Current tool orientation 0 to 2 Read only
or 100 to 102
E51001 6.2.9.4 Tool Z dimension IU Read/write

to E51255
E52001 6.2.9.4 Tool radius IU Read/write

to E52255
E53001 6.2.9.4 Dynamic X correction IU Read/write

to E53255
E54001 6.2.9.4 Dynamic Z correction IU Read/write

to E54255
E55001 6.2.9.4 Tool tip orientation 0 to 8 Read/write

to E55255
E56001 6.2.9.4 Available parameters (H of the - 99999999 Read/write

to E56255 dynamic correction table) to 99999999
E57001 6.2.9.4 Tool type 0 to 2 Read/write

to E57255
E6x000 6.2.9.4 DAT1 IU Read/write

x = axis number (0-8) (+ graphic)
E6x001 6.2.9.4 DAT2 IU Read/write

E6x002 6.2.9.4 Minimum dynamic travel IU Read/write

E6x003 6.2.9.4 Maximum dynamic travel IU Read/write

E6x004 Milling DAT3 (limited to linear axes) IU Read/write

E6x005 6.2.9.4 Offset programmed by G59 IU Read/write

E69000 6.2.9.4 Scaling factor 1/1000 Read/write

(+ graphic)
E69001 6.2.9.4 Inclined axis on grinding machine 1/10000 degree Read/write

(+ graphic)
E69002 6.2.9.4 Inclined wheel on grinding machine 1/10000 degree Read/write

(+ graphic)
B-6 en-938820/5

E69003 Milling Axis assignment XYZ axis Read/write
assignment (+ graphic)
E7x000 6.2.9.5 Position reference IU Read only

x = axis number (0-8)
E7x001 6.2.9.5 Reference on on-the-fly dimension IU Read/write

x = axis number (0-8) measurement
E7x002 6.2.9.5 Minimum static travel IU Read only

E7x003 6.2.9.5 Maximum static travel IU Read only

E7x004 6.2.9.5 Direction of movement IU Read only

E7x005 6.2.9.5 Axis address assignment -1 to 31 Read/write

E7x006 6.2.9.5 Carried axis 0 or 1 Read/write

E7x007 6.2.9.5 Axes programmed with reference to 0 or 1 Read only

x = axis number (0-8) diameter
E7x100 6.2.9.5 Position reference from the interpolator IU Read only

E7x101 6.2.9.5 Interpolation speed limitation 0 to 100 Read/write

E79000 6.2.9.6 Position reference of the measured 0 to 3599999 Read only

spindle in the group 1/10000 degree B
E79001 6.2.9.6 Group spindle setting 1/215 of the Read only
maximum speed
E79002 6.2.9.3 Feed rate potentiometer value 1/128 Read only
E79003 6.2.9.3 Distance remaining to be travelled IU Read/write
E79004 6.2.9.3 Current speed on the path IU Read only
E80000 6.2.9.7 Local data - 99999999 Read/write

to E80050 to 99999999
E81000 6.2.9.7 Master axis reference positions IU Read/write

to E81999
en-938820/5 B-7
E82000 6.2.9.7 Slave axis corrections IU Read/write
to E82999
E90000 6.2.9.8 Axis measurement IU Read/write

to E90031
E9010x 6.2.9.6 Spindle x position reference 0 to 3599999 Read only

1/10000 degree
E9011x 6.2.9.6 Spindle x modulo According to Read only

spindle encoder
E9020x 6.2.9.6 Spindle x speed reference 1/215 of the Read only

maximum speed
E9030x 6.2.9.6 Maximum spindle x indexing speed rev/min Read/write
E9031x 6.2.9.6 Spindle x in-position window IU Read/write
E9032x 6.2.9.6 Spindle x indexing gain rev/min/rev Read/write
E9033x 6.2.9.6 Spindle x indexing acceleration rev/s2 Read/write
E9034x 6.2.9.6 Threshold below which spindle x is considered rev/min Read/write

stopped
E9035x 6.2.9.6 Tolerance interval coefficient 1/256 Read/write
E91000 6.2.9.8 Servo-controlled axis (or spindle) 0 or 1 Read/write

to E91031
E91100 6.2.9.8 Homing status on the axis or spindle 0 or 1 Read/write

to E91131 (homing performed or not)
E91200 Milling N/M AUTO axes 0 or 1 Read/write

to E91231
E91300 6.2.9.8 Clampable axis enable state 0 or 1 Read/write

to E91331
E92000 6.2.9.8 Axis origin switch enable state 0 or 1 Read/write

to E92031
E93000 6.2.9.8 Axis origin switch status 0 or 1 Read only

to E93031
B-8 en-938820/5

E93100 6.2.9.8 Measured axis 0 or 1 Read only
to E93131
E93200 6.2.9.8 Axis declared rotary modulo 360 degrees 0 or 1 Read only
to E93231
E93300 6.2.9.8 Homing direction on the axis 0 or 1 Read only

to E93331
E93400 6.2.9.8 Homing status on the axis without switch 0 or 1 Read only
to E93431 wiring
E93500 6.2.9.8 Axis (or spindle) in position 0 or 1 Read only

to E93531
E93600 6.2.9.8 Measurement encoder type 0 or 4 Read only

to E93631
E94000 6.2.9.8 Assignment of a master axis to a slave -1 to 31 Read/write

to E94031 axis
E94100 6.2.9.8 Association of a slave axis (or spindle) -1 to 31 Read/write

to E94131 master axis
E94200 6.2.9.8 Axis/spindle switch -1 to 31 Read/write

to E94231
E95000 6.2.9.8 Axis reference offset IU Read only

to E95031
E95100 6.2.9.8 Origin switch position with respect IU Read only

to E95131 to machine origin
E95200 6.2.9.8 Axis measurement correction IU Read only

to E95231 (or spindle) B
E960xx 6.2.9.8 Duplicated axis in automatic mode 0 or 1 Read/write
E961xx 6.2.9.8 Duplicated axis in manual mode (JOG) 0 or 1 Read/write
E962xx 6.2.9.8 Synchronised axis 0 or 1 Read/write
E963xx 6.2.9.8 Symmetrically driven axis 0 or 1 Read/write
E97000 6.2.9.8 Maximum axis speed mm/min Read only

to E97031 or deg/min
E97100 6.2.9.8 Axis acceleration at the work rate mm/s2 Read only
to E97131 or deg/s2
en-938820/5 B-9
E97200 6.2.9.8 Axis acceleration at high speed mm/s2 Read only
to E97231 or deg/s2
E97300 6.2.9.8 Maximum authorised angle crossing speed mm/min Read/write

to E97331
E98000 6.2.9.8 Axis servo-loop coefficient 1/1000 Read/write

to E98031
E98100 6.2.9.8 Axis acceleration anticipation time constant µs Read/write

to E98131
E98200 6.2.9.8 Antistick pulse amplitude µm Read/write

to E98231
E98300 6.2.9.8 Antistick pulse absorption time constant 1/100 ms Read/write

to E98331
B - 10 en-938820/5
Word Format Summary Table
Appendix C Word Format Summary Table
The formats of the axis words specified in the table are expressed as follows:
- For linear axes: 5 digits to the left and 3 to the right of the decimal point are allowed
when the internal system unit (see Sec. 2.1) is µm
- For rotary axes: 3 digits to the left and 4 to the right of the decimal point are allowed
when the internal system unit is 0.0001 degree.
For instance, for linear axes: if the system is set to 0.1 µm (internal unit), the formats
are expressed with 4 decimal digits; for the X axis, the format is X+044.
For instance, for rotary axes: if the system is set to 0.001 degree (internal unit), the
formats are expressed with 3 decimal digits; for the C axis, the format is C+033.
For the words related to the machining feed rate with no assigned formats (F.., EF..),
refer to the machine manufacturer’s manual for the maximum and minimum feed
rates (maximum 8 digits and decimal point).
Format Description
%051 Programme number (1 to 99999.9)
N05 Sequence number (1 to 32767)
G02 Preparatory functions (0 to 99)

G03 Preparatory functions (100 to 250 and 997 to 999)
H05 Subroutine number (with G77, G76 and G48)
X+053 Movement on the X axis. In a cycle, end point on the machining axis
Y+053 Movement on the Y axis
Z+053 Movement on the Z axis. In a cycle, end point on the machining axis
I+053 For circular interpolation (G02, G03), centre of the circle

J+053 With programmed origin offset (G59), centre of rotation of an angular offset (ED)
K+053
I+053 For roughing cycle (G64, G65), finishing machining allowance on X
K+053 For roughing cycle (G64, G65), finishing machining allowance on Z
K053 For rigid tapping cycle (G84), tap pitch
K053 For thread cutting cycle (G33, G38), thread pitch C
U+053 Movement on the U axis
V+053 Movement on the V axis
W+053 Movement on the W axis
en-938820/5 C-1
Format Description
A+034 Movement on the A axis
B+034 Movement on the B axis
C+034 Movement on the C axis

C+034 Spindle indexing modulo 360 degrees (M19)
E+/E- For profil geometry programming (PGP), tangent element
EA+033 For profile geometry programming (PGP), line angle

EA+033 For thread cutting cycle (G33), apex half-angle of a tapered thread
EA+033 For roughing cycle with groove (G63), start angle for pass setting
EA+033 For groove roughing cycle (G65), groove pass setting angle
EA+033 For plunging cycle (G66), groove bottom slope angle
EA+033 In polar programming, angle of the line
EB+053 For contour definition and PGP, radius or fillet between two interpolations
EB-053 For contour definition and PGP, chamfer between two linear interpolations
EB+033 For thread cutting cycle (G33), tool penetration angle
EB+033 For roughing cycle with groove (G63), limit groove penetration angle
EC+033 For roughing cycle with groove (G63), limit end of pass angle in roughing axis
ED+034 Programmed angular offset
EF.. For roughing cycle with groove (G63), penetration feed rate in material
EF. For grooving cycle (G65), penetration feed rate in material
EF.. In a reaming cycle (G85), retraction rate
EF.. Feed rate specific to fillets (EB+) or chamfers (EB-)
EF.. Maximum feed rate after an interrupt (G10)
EF022 For plunging cycle (G66), dwell in groove bottom
EF022 For cycles (G83, G87), dwell at the end of each penetration
EG03 For interpolation, acceleration modulation
EH+053 In (G81 to G89) cycles, dimension of the impact plane on the machining axis
EI+053 In polar programming, length of the line (start/circle centre)
EP053 In a peck drilling cycle (G83), backoff clearance after each peck
EP053 In a drilling cycle with chip breaking (G87), backoff between two infeeds
EP053 In a plunging cycle (G66), value of retraction at 45 degrees at the end of the pass
EQ053 For roughing cycle with groove (G63), minimum chip size
EK01 For rigid tapping cycle (G84), penetration/retraction speed ratio
C-2 en-938820/5
Word Format Summary Table
Format Description
ER053 For roughing cycle with groove (G63), finishing allowance
ER+053 In cycles (G81 to G89), dimension of the approach or retraction plane on the machining axis
ES+/ES- For profile geometry programming (PGP), secant element

ES02 In cycles G83 and G87, number of infeeds at constant value
ES02 In cycles (G33), number of passes at constant value
ET+/ET- For profile geometry programming (PGP), tangent element
EU+053 For roughing cycle with groove (G63), with XZ, pass setting angle and limit of last pass
EW+053 For roughing cycle with groove (G63), with XZ, pass setting angle and limit of last pass
EX+053 For roughing cycle with groove (G63), pass end position in X
EX+053 In polar programming, angle of the line (start/end)
EZ+053 For roughing cycle with groove (G63), pass end position in Z
P053 For thread cutting cycle (G33), total depth of thread

P053 For roughing cycle (G63, G64, G65), pass depth in X
P053 For plunging cycle (G66), step in X
P053 For cycles (G83 or G87), value of the first penetration
P041 For axis group synchronisation (G78), wait for marker
P+ / P- Tool axis orientation (G16), along X or U
Q053 For thread cutting cycle (G33), depth of last pass

Q053 For roughing cycle (G63, G65), holding of positioning before pass setting
Q053 For cycles (G83 or G87), value of the last penetration
Q04 For axis group synchronisation (G78), declaration of a marker
R+053 For circular interpolation (G02, G03), radius of the circle

R053 For thread cutting cycle (G33), length of the retraction slope at the end of thread cutting
R053 For roughing cycle (G63, G64, G65), pass depth in Z
R053 For plunging cycle (G66), step in Z
R053 For tangential feed rate programming (G92), value of the curve radius
R+ / R- For linear interpolation (G00, G01), positioning at programmed distance
R+ / R- Tool axis orientation (G16), along Z (or W)
F.. Feed rate in mm/min and degrees/min (G94) C

F.. Feed rate in inches/min (G94)
F.. Feed rate in mm/rev (G95)
F.. Feed rate in inches/rev (G95)
F022 Dwell in seconds (G04)
F02 For thread cutting cycle (G33), number of threads (1 to 99)
en-938820/5 C-3
Format Description
M02 Miscellaneous functions (0 to 99)
M03 Miscellaneous functions (100 to 899)
NC04 Spline curve number (1-9999) with interpolation (with G48, G06, G49)
S05 Spindle rpm limiting (G92)

S05 Constant surface speed in m/min (G96)
S05 or S032 Spindle speed in rpm (G97)
S02 In a subroutine branch (G77), number of subroutine iterations (1 to 99)
S02 For thread cuttting cycle (G33), number of passes (1 to 99)
T08 Tool number (0 to 9999999)
D03 Correction number (0 to 255)
L03 Programme variables L (0 to 19, 100 to 199 and 900 to 959)
E5 External parameters E
C-4 en-938820/5
List of Errors
Appendix D List of Errors
D.1 Miscellaneous Errors and Machine Errors D-3

D.2 Parametric Programming Errors D-5
D.3 Profile Geometry Programming (PGP) Errors D-6
D.3.1 The end point is not determined or cannot
be computed from the elements in the
blocks D-6
D.3.2 The point of tangency or intersection
cannot be computed from the data in two
blocks D-6
D.3.3 The points of tangency or intersection
cannot be computed from the data in three
blocks D-6
D.3.4 Fillet or chamfer definition errors D-7
D.3.5 Miscellaneous errors in PGP D-7
D.4 Miscellaneous Errors D-7
D.5 Request for Movements Outside the Machine Travel Limits D-8
D.6 Structured Programming Errors D-8
D.7 Axis Errors D-8
D.8 Errors in Pocket Cycles D-9
D.9 Axes Not Identified on the Bus D - 10
D.10 Dynamic Operators in C D - 10
D.11 Spline Curve Interpolation Errors D - 10
D.12 Errors in Numaform D - 11
D.13 Cycle Programming Errors D - 12
en-938820/5 D-1
D-2 en-938820/5
List of Errors
D.1 Miscellaneous Errors and Machine Errors

Error No. Meaning of the error
1 Unknown character / Axis not recognised by the system
Too many digits after a function
Presence of a sign after a function which does not allow signs
Truncated block signalled by ? via CLOSE in drip feed mode
2 Unknown G function or a mandatory argument missing after the G
3 Attribute of a G code wrongly positioned
4 Option not enabled or option parameter conflict:
Structured programming, RTCP, synchronised axes, etc.
5 Geometric option programming not enabled
6 Polynomial interpolation option missing coefficient table full
7 Error in programming movements parallel to inclined axes (grinder):
- Programming is not in plane G20
- Interpolation is not in G00 or G01
- X is not programmed after G05
- X and Z are not programmed after G07
8 Tool correction number too high
9 A sequence of too many non-working blocks - Endless Loop
10 In PLC terminal access: Bus exchange error
11 In PLC terminal access: Bus initialisation error or exchange inhibited
12 In PLC terminal access: Rack parameter error
13 In PLC terminal access: No such card
14 Inclined plane option missing
PLC boundary access: channel missing
15 Invalid line configuration
16 Error in RTCP activation
17 End of block in a comment - close bracket missing
18 ∗ Servo error: P50 too small
20 No M02 at the end of the programme
Blocks not made executable in a cycle called by a G function
21 Blank definition incoherent in 3D mode
24 Error in inclined plane declaration
- Function reactivated when already active
- Function argument declaration incomplete
- Pivot point axis does not exist or is not servo-controlled
- Incoherent value in one of the matrix terms
25 Subroutine or sequence number does not exist
26 Too many subroutine nesting levels D
27 Radius offset: In G52 machine origin programming / With taper threads
28 Syntax error in CCSPD or index table radius definition
G96 must be followed by S / G97 must be followed by S / initial radius cannot be determined
X or U not programmed in this block or a previous block
∗ Machine error. Caution: For this type of error, a CNC reset causes a general reset (CNC reset + PLC reset)
en-938820/5 D-3
29 No range programmed for CCSPD / No range compatible with S in G97:
No range search option: S not included between min. and max. values of the range programmed
With range search option: S does not belong to any range
30 Line error detected
31 ∗ PPR or PPL mode impossible with the line protocol selected
32 ∗ Homing error / Axis already on limit switch
33 ∗ All slides on wait for synchronisation
34 Minimum radius reached in G21 interpolation
35 ∗ Sequence number not found in SEARCH
36 ∗ Part programme memory full
37 Max. feed rate exceeded for thread cutting (COMAND)
38 Spindle already controlled by another axis group
39 ∗ Axis synchronisation error (with axis synchronisation option)
40-49 ∗ Excessive following error on axis 0 to 9
70 and 71 ∗ Excessive following error on axis 30 and 31
72 Incremental programming after an incomplete block (PGP)
75 Switch from state G20 to G21 or G22:
last block in G20 incomplete as it is programmed in PGP or radius correction or with X ≤ 0
first block in G21 without X and Y or G22 without Y and Z
Switch from state G21 or G22 to G20: last block in G21 or G22 incomplete or first block in G20 in
mode G41 or G42: In G21 or G22, initial radius negative or zero
76 In G21, programming of a fixed turning and milling cycle
77 Tool type incompatible with the machining phase (milling or turning)
78 Syntax error in programming slide synchronisation
G78 P: Maximum 4 digits, must be less than the number of slides
G78 Q: Maximum 4 digits
No M00, M01 or M02 with G78 P..
∗ Machine error. Caution: For this type of error, a CNC reset causes a general reset (CNC reset + PLC reset).
D-4 en-938820/5
List of Errors
D.2 Parametric Programming Errors

91 Parameter No. not recognised
92 Negative parameter assigned to a function which does not take a sign
Parameter value higher than the maximum value of the function to which it is assigned
93 Error in parameter declaration or test expression:
L function not followed by symbols =,<,>, &, !
Association with a prohibited function by a linking character -, +, *, /.
94 Operation prohibited in a parametric expression:
Square root of a negative number / Division by 0
95 Attempt to write in an external input parameter or a read-only parameter
96 The block preceding the external parameter declaration is incomplete
Programming of L100 ... in a contour definition in G64
97 Parameter update impossible in G76:
No symbol = after the parameter number
Less than 10 characters allocated for entry of the value
98 Write by an axis group of a dynamic operation already used by another group
99 Error related to the N/M AUTO function
- More than 5 N/M AUTO axes defined
- Non-servo-controlled axis defined as N/M AUTO
- Definition of an N/M AUTO axis of another group
en-938820/5 D-5
D.3 Profile Geometry Programming (PGP) Errors
D.3.1 The end point is not determined or cannot be computed from the elements in the
blocks
101 PGP: Insufficient data for programming a circle
Circle programmed on two parallel axes (with R / see Error 107)
102 Line programmed by an angle and one coordinate with no way of calculating the other coordinate
106 In G02, G03, programming of the third axis without helical option
107 PGP: Circle programmed by its radius and end point, with the end point separated from the start
point by more than 2 * radius
Circle programmed by X, Z, I K with a start radius different from the end point (20 microns) /
Helical: dimension of 3rd axis missing
Circle programmed on two parallel axes (with I, J, K / see Error 101)
D.3.2 The point of tangency or intersection cannot be computed from the data in two
blocks
110 PGP: Syntax error in the first of two blocks of a PGP entity
111 PGP: Syntax error in the second block of a PGP entity
112 PGP: Line/line intersection in which:
First block starting point = second block end point, or
First line angle = second line angle
113 PGP: The values programmed in the two blocks do not allow determination of an intersection or
tangency point
114 PGP: Intersection or tangency point not determined by ET+, ET-, ES+ or ES-
D.3.3 The points of tangency or intersection cannot be computed from the data in three
blocks
121 PGP: Syntax error in the last of the three blocks of a PGP entity
122 PGP: The first two blocks are non-intersecting lines
123 PGP: The data programmed in the three blocks do not allow determination of the tangent point
124 PGP: Tangent point of the second and third blocks not specified by ET+ or ET-
D-6 en-938820/5
List of Errors
D.3.4 Fillet or chamfer definition errors

130 Zero displacement in one of the two blocks connected by a fillet or a chamfer
131 Fillet or chamfer programmed in a block including M0, M1 or M2
Programming insufficient in a sequence of blocks, not allowing determination of the end point
135 A chamfer can only connect two straight lines
D.3.5 Miscellaneous errors in PGP

136 More than two blocks without movement between two geometric elements whose intersection or
tangency point is to be calculated
137 Change of interpolation plane with an invalid block
D.4 Miscellaneous Errors

138 Change of interpolation plane when not in G40 (FCU)
139 Two carried parallel axes programmed in the same block outside G52 and outside G00
140 Radius correction programming error:
Too many extraneous blocks between two consecutive paths
The following functions cannot be programmed when radius offset is active: M00, M01, M02,
access to external parameters, writing of parameters E8xxxx or L > 100
141 Carried parallel axes: Programming of a circle whose start point was programmed with one axis
and whose end point was programmed with the associated parallel axis
143 Scale factor cancelled or enabled with radius offset
144 Movement of a quantified axis different from the increment
145 G29: ABS VAL (P * P + Q * Q + R * R - 1000 mm) > 1 mm (normal vector not a unit vector
146 Offset in space / G29
- At least one of dimensions P, Q or R missing
- At least one of dimensions X/U, Y/V or Z/W missing
148 Number of axes programmed exceeds the maximum authorised number
149 Tool radius too large with respect to programmed path
en-938820/5 D-7
D.5 Request for Movements Outside the Machine Travel Limits
150 Travel overrun on the X axis
151 Travel overrun on the Y axis
152 Travel overrun on the Z axis
153 Travel overrun on the U axis
154 Travel overrun on the V axis
155 Travel overrun on the W axis
156 Travel overrun on the A axis
157 Travel overrun on the B axis
158 Travel overrun on the C axis
159 Request for programmed movement on an UN-HOMED axis
D.6 Structured Programming Errors

190 Too many branch or loop nesting levels (maximum 15)
191 Non-compliance with the syntax in structured programming
structured programming prohibited in MDI mode
the index of a FOR loop must be: an L variable, a symbolic variable or a parameter E80000,
E81000 or E82000
non-compliance with the syntax of PUSH and PULL instructions
DO missing after WHILE
programming of IF, THEN, ELSE in MDI mode
192 Keyword not recognised or prohibited in the context
193 Structure error
195 Programme stack saturated / Too many constants defined for the space allocated
196 Error in array index declaration
197 Use of a symbol not declared as VAR
198 Syntax error in variable symbol declaration
199 Incorrect variable declaration syntax
D.7 Axis Errors

210 to 219 ∗ Poor signal or pulse generator complementarity error on axis 0 to 9
240 and 241 ∗ Poor signal or pulse generator complementarity error on axis 30 and 31
245 ∗ Fault on digital servo-control
D-8 en-938820/5
List of Errors
D.8 Errors in Pocket Cycles

260 Working memory busy
261 Programme number too high
262 NU number not among those authorised
263 Execution impossible - Test or Graphic mode mandatory after first load or after editing
264 No dimension programmed in the contouring plane or dimension outside the plane
265 First positioning block missing; contour definition must begin with G0 or G1
266 Not enough memory
267 Character not allowed in pocket syntax
268 Pocket programming block incomplete or containing illegal data
269 Contour block incomplete / Positioning block missing before pocket definition
270 Pocket definition partly or completely missing
271 Tool orientation not perpendicular to the contouring plane
272 Real tool not compatible with pocket technological data
273 Change of contouring plane between pocket definition and machining
274 Two nested pocket definitions
275 NU0 programmed with G59
276 Zero pocket depth
277 Pocket definition start point or end point coordinates incomplete
278 The spindle rotation direction is incompatible with the one required in the pocket definition
279 G function not allowed in a pocket programming block
280 First contour block incomplete
281 Discontinuity in one of the contours described
282 Pocket definition parameter error(s)
283 The external contour must be unique and must exist
284 Error in contour definition
285 Too many contours
286 Pass setting excessive with respect to the tool diameter
287 Pass setting insufficient with respect to the dimensions
288 Finishing infeed in an acute angle or an unroughed area: change the infeed point
289 Tool diameter excessive
290 Internal error
291 Finishing infeed outside the contour
292 Double positioning at the start of the contour
293 Roughing end point present during facing
D
en-938820/5 D-9
D.9 Axes Not Identified on the Bus
300 to 309 ∗ Axis 0 to 9 declared in P2 but not detected on the bus
330 and 331 ∗ Axis 30 and 31 declared in P2 but not detected on the bus
D.10 Dynamic Operators in C

400 Loading dyn. ops in C: The size of user code is too big
401 Loading dyn. ops in C: Format error
402 Loading dyn. ops in C: Checksum error
403 The system has insufficient memory for dyn. ops in C
404 Loading dyn. ops in C: Open error
405 Loading dyn. ops in C: Read error
406 Loading dyn. ops in C: Close error
407 Loading dyn. ops in C:The directory is empty
410 Dyn. ops in C: Number of parameters passed doesn’t tally
411 Dyn. ops in C: USER ERROR from INIT: negative return
413 Unrecognised dyn. ops in C
414 Dyn. ops in C without MAIN
420 Dyn. ops in C: USER ERROR from the QUIT function
421 Dyn. ops in C: USER ERROR from the QUIT function: negative return
423 Dyn. ops in C: Range of function in C not from [0..100]
D.11 Spline Curve Interpolation Errors

600 Curve number zero
601 N.. N.. must be programmed
602 No axes programmed in the first block of the contour
603 Curve slope undefined
604 Less than three blocks in the profile
605 Curve number unknown
D - 10 en-938820/5
List of Errors
D.12 Errors in Numaform

700 Options missing
701 S.. missing at beginning of curve
702 Number of S.. different in T1 & T2
703 Minimum 2 occurrences of S in T1
704 Undefined section (in T3)
705 Plane switching outside S mark
706 Spindle stopped
707 Invalid E= function
708 E=1 or E=2: Section positioning error
709 T1 & T2 can’t have any points in common
710 P, Q must be positive
711 S different in T1 & T2
712 Undetermined tool position
713 Error: S=0 or T>3
730 F= less than or equal to zero
731 Intersection of concentric circles
732 Intersection of parallel lines
733 Limit cannot be a horizontal plane
740 F = error
en-938820/5 D - 11
D.13 Cycle Programming Errors
830 Positioning not completed
831 Spindle stopped
832 End point, P and K must be programmed
833 Retraction clearance too small
834 EB value: -90 < EB < +90
835 The values of P, Q, R and K are absolute values
836 The interpolation plane must be G81 or G20
837 Bad value of F or S
862 P or R and end point to be programmed
863 End point incoherent with EA
864 Milling tool prohibited in G66
871 Finished profile limits not defined
872 No dimensions in blank definition
873 P or R not programmed
874 Blank inconsistent with finished profile
875 No intersection of EA with the profile
876 Relief angle EB incorrectly defined
880 Cycle axis unknown
881 Parameter value not compatible
882 Hole bottom dimension not programmed
883 Pitch (I J K) or clearance (P) not programmed
884 More than 9 thread starts
885 Pocket incompatible with the plane selected
886 Tool incompatible with the radius programmed
887 Cut > tool diameter
888 Dwell prohibited in this cycle
889 Syntax error
890 Tool orientation incompatible
891 Return plane = bottom of hole
892 Axial feed missing
893 Lateral feed missing
894 ER prohibited in G20
895 G21,G22 prohibited in cycle
896 Dimension incompatible with tool radius
897 Length of oblong pocket < diameter
898 Tool corrector missing
899 Spindle not assigned to this group or spindle or group incompatible
D - 12 en-938820/5
Index
Index
Symbols Assigning
a slave axis to a master axis 6-39
! 6-5, 6-18 a variable to a CNC function 6-7
$ 4-288 an external parameter to a CNC function 6-46
$0 4-288 axes 6-32
% 2-9 variables 6-3
& 6-5, 6-18 Associating a slave (or driven) axis with a master (or drive) axis 6-42
* 6-4, 6-18 Automatic control function exchange parameters 6-20
+ 6-4, 6-18 Automatic deletion of variables 7-13
- 6-4, 6-18 Automatic homing subroutine 4-193, 4-275
/ 4-256, 6-4, 6-18 Automatic homing subroutine branch 4-193, 4-275
< 6-6, 6-19 Available parameters 6-30
>= 6-6, 6-19 Axes programmable with reference to diameter 4-284
<> 6-6, 6-19 Axes programmed on diameter 6-34
= 6-6, 6-19 Axis
> 6-6, 6-19 acceleration anticipation time constant 6-44
>= 6-6, 6-19 acceleration at high speed 6-44
[*BGxx] 6-61 acceleration at the work rate 6-44
[*BMxx] 6-61 clamp 4-246
[*Rxx] 6-62 clamp enable status 6-40
coupling 6-34
A declared rotary modulo 360 degrees 6-41
A 6-5, 6-18 duplicated in “automatic” modes 6-42
Absolute encoder 6-41 duplicated in manual mode (Jog) 6-42
Access symbols 6-60 group synchronisation 4-279
Access to Profil 5-22 measurement 6-39
Accurate stop at the end of a block 4-59 measurement correction 6-41
Addition 6-4, 6-18 position reference 6-32
Address equivalences 6-54 programming 3-1
Addresses programming by variable L or parameter E defined by a
with assigned values 5-5 symbolic variable 7-8
without assigned values 5-7 reference memory 6-32
Addressing reference offset 6-41
of 8I8O analogue card analogue inputs 6-27 retraction 4-127
of 8I8O analogue card analogue outputs 6-27 servo or non-servo status 6-39
of G functions 6-61 servo-contro coefficient 6-44
of M functions 6-61 unclamp 4-246
of the deceleration function 6-22 Axis (or spindle) in-position window 6-41
of the PLC input terminals 6-27 Axis/spindle switching 6-42
of the PLC output terminals 6-27
of the turret type 6-22
B
Affaire No 6-26 Backoff between two infeeds 4-127
Amplitude Basic cycles 4-91
of the antistick pulse on reversal 6-45 Bevel gear 4-73
Angle crossing 6-22, 6-44 Block 2-7
Angle crossing speed analysis angle 6-23 data access symbols 6-60
Angle element of a line 5-5 deletion by G76- 4-202
Angular offset 4-215, 6-22 execution enable 4-264
Answer to a message sent 4-291 format 2-7
Arc tangent 6-5, 6-18 insertion by G76+ 4-200
Arguments 2-19 processing 4-264
programmed alone 2-20 sequencing without stopping movement 4-185
Arithmethic functions 6-5, 6-18 skip 4-256
Arithmetic operations 6-4, 6-18 Blocking message 4-291
Boolean values 6-61
en-938820/5 I-1
Boring 4-117, 4-127 Coordinates
cycle with indexed spindle stop in hole bottom 4-122 of the centre of a circle 5-5
cycles 4-101 of the end point of a circle 5-5
stop in hole bottom 4-127 of the end point of a line 5-5
with dwell 4-122 Correction of slave axes with respect to master axes 6-37
BS 2-10 Cosine 6-5, 6-18
Counter boring 4-106, 4-127
C Counter boring cycle 4-106
C 6-5, 6-18 Counterclockwise circular interpolation 4-36
Call on reset 4-194, 4-275 Counterclockwise spindle rotation 4-11
Call to subroutine return block 4-196 Creating error messages 8-3
Calling Creation of a programme 2-3
a contour by function G77 5-23 Current axis group number 6-25
a contour created by Profil 5-23 Current mode number 6-25
a contour from a machining cycle 5-24 Current speed on programmed path 6-28
Cancellation of MDI and EDIT modes 4-247 Current spindle release in axis group 4-278
Canned cycle 4-91 Current tool axis orientation 6-29
cancel 4-91 Current tool correction number 6-29
Canned cycles 4-128 Cycles G81 to G89 4-127
Cartesian coordinates 4-229 Cylindrical coordinates 4-234
Centre drilling 4-104, 4-127 D
Centre drilling cycle 4-104
Chamfer D.. 4-74
between two intersecting lines 5-6 DAT1 1-9, 6-30, 4-206
between two linear interpolations 4-58 DAT2 1-9, 6-30, 4-206
programming 4-57, 5-17 Datum shift DAT1 and DAT2 enable 4-206
Change of direction 6-23 Datum shift DAT1 and DAT2 inhibit 4-206
Characteristics of ISO and EIA codes 2-13 Deceleration function on several blocks 6-22
Characters used in EIA code 2-16 Declaration of a variable in the programme 6-8
Characters used in ISO code 2-15 Decoded M functions 2-22
Circular interpolation 4-36 Definition
Circular interpolation defined by three points 4-44 of a circle by its arc angle 4-53
Clearance after peck 4-127 of a spline curve 4-211
Clockwise circular interpolation 4-36 of an entity 5-4
Clockwise spindle rotation 4-11 of geometric elements 5-3
CNC 2-3 of offsets 1-9
CNC processor 1-7 of the addresses characterising the PGP 5-5
Codes C0 to C8 1-13 of tool dimensions 1-12
Combined encoder 6-41 of tool tip radius and orientation 1-13
Common CNC parameters 6-37 of travels and origins 1-7
Comparison for conditional branch 6-65 DELETE 7-13
Comparison symbols 6-6, 6-19 Deletion of a spline curve 4-216, 4-225
Complete circle 6-22 Deletion of symbolic variables in the stack 7-13
Conditional jump 6-47, 6-65 Different from 6-6, 6-19
Constant pitch thread cutting 4-92 Direction of axis movement during interpolation 6-32
Constant pitch thread cutting cycle 4-92 Discriminant 5-7
Constant surface speed 4-15, 4-17 Displaying
Contour by Profil 5-23 a message with wait for an answer 6-56
Control of direction of rotation 4-11 messages with a parametric value 6-58
Control of spindles 1 to 4 4-23 Distance remaining to be travelled in the block 6-28
Control system 2-3 Division 6-4, 6-18
Conversion of the internal unit 6-6, 6-19 Drilling cycle with chip breaking 4-119
Coolant 4-247 Drilling cycles 4-101
Coolant off 4-247 Drilling with chip breaking 4-119, 4-127
Coordinate system 1-5 Dripfeed mode 4-195
with C axis 4-226 Dwell 4-127, 4-238
Dwell on each infeed 4-127
I-2 en-938820/5
Index
DX 1-14 Fillet
Dynamic correction on X 6-29 between two interpolations 4-57
Dynamic correction on Z 6-29 between two intersecting elements 5-6
Dynamic tool correction 1-14 programming 4-57, 5-17
Dynamic tool correction definition 1-14 Flashing message 4-289
DZ 1-14 Forced block concatenation 4-264
Forced block sequencing 4-254
E Front thread cutting 4-98
E+/E- 5-7 Front turret 3-8
EA.. 5-5 G
EB+ 4-57
EB+.. 5-6 G functions
EB- 4-58 incompatible with the programme state 2-18
EB-.. 5-6 with associated arguments 2-19
ED.. 4-215 General diagrams of parametric programming 6-64
EDIT 4-252 General information on modes 1-3
EDIT mode 4-252 General information on the system 1-3
Editing programmes 4-286 General programme structure 2-8
EG.. 4-258 Geometric elements 5-3, 5-9
EIA programme structure 2-10 Gradual acceleration 6-22
Emergency retraction 4-189 Graphic machining simulation status 6-26
Emergency retraction on a PLC axis group 4-285 Greater than 6-6, 6-19
Enable 4-259 Greater than or equal to 6-6, 6-19
Encoded M functions 2-22 Groove roughing 4-140
Encoder type 6-41 Groove roughing cycle 4-140
End Group axis access parameters 6-31
of EIA programme 2-10 Group turret type 6-22
of ISO programme 2-9
of programme load 2-9 H
of retraction 4-127 High precision contouring 6-24
of symbolic variable declaration 7-7 High speed 4-29
ENDV 7-7 Homing 1-7
EOR 2-10 direction 6-41
Equal to 6-6, 6-19 on an axis 6-40
Equivalence of variables 6-14 status without switch wiring 6-41
Error messages 8-3 without switch wiring 6-41
Error numbers 8-3
ES 5-7 I
ET 5-7, 6-5, 6-18
Examples of use of external parameters E 6-48 I.. K.. 5-5
Exchanging axes between groups 4-286 Image of operand EN.20 6-25
Exchanging spindles between groups 4-287 Image of system job reference 6-26
External parameter declaration 6-46 Inch data input 4-239
External parameter E programming syntax 6-44 inclined axis 4-267
External parameters E 6-16 inclined axis state 4-267
Inclined on a grinder 6-31
inclined wheel 4-267
F inclined wheel state 4-267
Inclined wheel on a grinder 6-31
Feed rate Incremental encoder 6-41
in degrees per minute 4-61 Independent spindle 4-276
in inches per minute 4-61 Index 4-279
in inches per revolution 4-64 Infeed at work rate 4-127
in millimetres per minute 4-61 Initial X value definition 4-228
in millimetres per revolution 4-64 Instruction 2-4
limiting after interrupt 4-184 Instructions 1-3
specific to chamfers EB- 4-68 Internal measurement units 2-4, 3-3
specific to fillets EB+ 4-68 Internal system unit 6-6, 6-19
en-938820/5 I-3
Interpolation block execution time 6-23 Measurement
Interpolation speed limiting 6-35 dimensions 1-11
Interrupt handling 4-182 origin 1-7
Interruptible block 4-181 origin (OM) 1-7
ISO and EIA codes and standards 2-3, 2-8, 2-12 origin offset 1-8
ISO functions 2-12 origin setting 1-7
ISO programme Meeting point 4-281
structure 2-9 Message acknowledgements 4-291
tape 2-14 Messages 4-288
tape format 2-14 Minimum dynamic machine travel 6-30
ISO programming 4-1 Minimum static machine travel 6-32
Mirror function 4-261, 6-21
J Mirror function processing 6-21
Jump to a sequence without return 4-175 Miscellaneous M functions 2-21
Mixed programming 4-6
L Modal G functions 2-18
Modal M functions 2-21
L../E.. 6-57 Modes 1-3
Left radius correction 4-79 Movement origin selection 4-203
Less than 6-6, 6-19 Movement origins 4-203
Less than or equal to 6-6, 6-19 Multiple axis groups 4-273
Limit switches 1-7 Multiple start thread cutting 4-96
Linear interpolation 4-32 Multiplication 6-4, 6-18
at high speed 4-29
at the programmed feed rate 4-32 N
Linear X, Y and Z axes 1-5
List of N 4-14
external parameters E 6-20 Nonblocking message 4-291
variables L 6-3 Nonmodal G functions 2-18
Loading of a parametric expression 6-64 Nonmodal M functions 2-21
Logical operations 6-5, 6-18 Notes on EIA code 2-17
Loop time constant 6-26 Notes on ISO code 2-17
Number
M of CNC axis groups 6-26
of constant infeeds 4-127
M functions 2-21 of machine axis groups 6-26
M post-functions 2-21 programming 8-1
M pre-functions 2-21 Numerical values 6-62
M.. 4-172
Machine 1-5 O
description 1-6
origin (Om) 1-7 Offsets 1-8
Machine status 6-25 on the X axis (solution with DAT2) 1-10
access parameters 6-25 on the X axis (solution without DAT2) 1-10
Main programme 2-11 on the Z axis 1-9
Mandatory arguments 2-19 OM 1-7
Marker 4-279 Om 1-7
Master axis position reference 6-37 On-the-fly measurement (hardware interrupt) 4-182
Maximum authorised speed at angle crossings 6-44 OP 1-9
Maximum axis speed 6-44 Op 1-9
Maximum dynamic machine travel 6-30 Operation number 6-24
Maximum spindle x indexing speed 6-36 Operations executable with external parameters E 6-18
Maximum static machine travel 6-32 Operations executable with variables L 6-4
MDI 4-252 Optional arguments 2-19
MDI mode 4-252 Optional stop 4-250
Measured axis 6-41 OR 6-5, 6-18
Origin switch
enable state 6-40
status 6-41
I-4 en-938820/5
Index
ORPOM 1-8 status access symbols 6-60

Other functions 4-238 structure 2-1
Overspeed variables L 6-3
by handwheel 4-242 Programmed acceleration override 4-258
coefficient on the path in G12 6-23 Programmed cancellation
of edit (EDIT) mode 4-252
P of manual data input (MDI) mode 4-252
Parallel carrier/carried axes 3-5 of subroutine calls by the machine processor 4-252
Parametric expression 6-64 Programmed deletion of variables 7-13
Parametric geometric transformations 6-30 Programmed feed stop 4-240
Parametric programming 6-1, 6-64 Programmed G and M function processing 4-264
Part Programmed offset 6-30
contour 5-3 Programmed stop 4-248
origin 1-9 Programming
origin offset 1-9 a circle by its radius 4-38
programme 2-3 in absolute dimensions 4-5
Path sequencing 4-59 in absolute dimensions with respect to the measurement
Paths 4-59 origin 4-203
Peck drilling 4-108, 4-127 in absolute dimensions with respect to the programme
Peck drilling cycle 4-108 origin 4-5
PGP 5-3 in cartesian coordinates 4-229
PGP geometric entity 5-4 in cylindrical coordinates 4-234
PGP programming 5-18 in inches or metric units 4-244
PLC axes 4-278 in incremental dimensions relative to the block start point 4-5
Plunging 4-146 in metric units 4-244
Plunging cycle 4-146 in polar coordinates 4-226
Polar angle 4-46 of a meeting point 4-281
Polar angle reference axis 4-46 of A, B or C axes declared as non-rotary 3-7
Polar coordinates 4-226 of cycles 4-124
Polar programming 4-46 of entirely defined geometric elements 5-9
in incremental dimensions 4-5 of error messages 8-1
of a circle 4-49 of geometric elements 5-9
of a line 4-47 of geometric elements not entirely defined 5-10
Position of origin switch 6-41 of independent secondary axes 3-4
Positioning with stop at programmed distance 4-31, 4-35 of movements 4-32
Preparatory G functions 2-18 of movements in absolute dimensions with respect to
Preselecting the programme origin 4-207 the measurement origin 4-198
Primary X, Y and Z axes 1-6 of parallel carrier/carried axis pairs 3-5
PROFIL 5-22 of PLC axes 4-285
PROFIL function 5-22 of rotary axes modulo 360 degrees 3-6
Profile geometry programming 5-1 of servoed rotary axes with limited excursion 3-7
Programme 1-3, 2-1, 2-9 of the tool centre 6-22
analysis 6-22 of variables L 6-11
analysis access parameters 6-21 with reference to diameter 4-9, 6-22
backup 4-283 with reference to radius 4-9
backup media 1-3 Programming examples
creation by G76+ 4-198 in PGP 5-18
declaration 4-268, 4-278 of variables L 6-11
definition 1-3 Programming notes on variables L 6-14
delection by G76- 4-199 Programming of the discriminant
dimensions 1-11 with intersecting elements 5-8
load by peripheral 2-12 with tangent elements 5-8
numbering 2-12 Programming system 4-5
origin 1-9 PULL 7-5
origin offset 1-9, 4-209, 6-21 PULL function 7-5
stack 7-1, 7-3 PUSH function 7-4
start 2-9, 2-10
en-938820/5 I-5
R Sequences 4-165
Servo-control error tolerated on a circle 6-23
R 1-13, 6-5, 6-18 Servoed rotary axes with limited excursion 3-7
R.. 5-6 Setting of the feed rate potentiometer 6-28
Radius of a circle 5-6 Sine 6-5, 6-18
Radius offset cancel 4-80 Software switches 1-8
Rapid positioning 4-29 Special programming of multiple axis groups 4-273
before machining 4-30 Special programming of PLC axes 4-283
Rapid retraction after machining 4-30 Special use of sequence interrupt 4-185
Reactivation Speed of movement 4-61
of edit modes 4-252 Speed demand for the spindle controlled by its group 6-36
of manual data input modes 4-252 Speed threshold below which spindle x is considered stopped 6-38
of subroutine calls 4-252 Spindle 4-11, 4-20, 4-23, 4-127
Reaming cycle 4-117 access parameters 6-34
Rear turret 3-8 and feed rate potentiometer enable 4-255
Restoring the values of variables L 7-5 and feed rate potentiometer inhibiting 4-255
Restoring variables L 7-4 control 4-11
Restrictions due to drip feed mode 4-195 control selection 4-23
Retraction after penetration 4-127 controlled by an axis group 4-277
Review 1-1 indexing 4-21
of axis orientation 1-5 measurement 4-25
of definitions 1-5 measurement selection 4-25
of machine 1-5 position reference 6-36
Right radius correction 4-79 potentiometer 6-22
Rigid tapping 4-113 programming 4-277
Rigid tapping cycle 4-113 rotation speed (N) 4-14, 4-16
Rotary A, B and C axes 1-5 speed 4-13, 4-27
Rough facing 4-131, 4-157 speed control 4-13
Rough turning 4-131, 4-157 speed limiting 4-17, 4-27
Rough turning/facing cycle 4-128 speed range 4-20
Roughing 4-128 speed setting 6-36
Roughing cycle with groove 4-151 stop 4-11
Roughing with groove 4-151 synchronisation 4-293
Ruler with encoded reference marks 6-41 Spindle x
acceleration with indexing 6-37
S in-position window 6-37
S 6-5, 6-18 indexing gain 6-37
Sagittal error 6-24 position reference 6-36
Sampling period 6-26 speed setting 6-36
Saving in the stack 7-4 Spline 4-216
Saving variables L 7-4 Spline curve 4-216, 4-217
Scaling factor 4-259, 6-31 definition 4-217
enable 4-259 execution command 4-216
inhibit 4-259 Spline interpolation 4-216
Secant element 5-7 Square root 6-5, 6-18
Secondary linear U, V and W axes 1-6 Stack allocation 7-3
Sending a message Start
to a peripheral 4-290 of EIA programme 2-10
to a remote server 4-290 of ISO programme 2-9
to the display 4-288 Subroutine branch
to the PLC function 4-290 by automatic control function 4-178
Sending messages 4-288 by M function 4-172
Sequence 2-7 execution 4-178
branches in the programme 4-168 with multiple axis groups 4-275
breaks 4-165 Subroutine branches 2-11
interrupt 4-181 Subroutine display inhibited 2-12
Sequenced thread cutting 4-99 Subroutine nesting levels 4-169
Subroutine on reset 4-194, 4-275
I-6 en-938820/5
Index
Subroutine return block 4-196 Tool dimensions

Subroutine structure 4-179 in x 6-29
Subroutines 2-11 in z 6-29
Subroutines with multiple axis groups 4-275 Tool tip 4-78
Subtraction 6-4, 6-18 orientation 1-13, 4-78, 6-29
Surface speed (V) 4-14, 4-17 orientation code 1-13
Suspension of execution 4-264 Tools 4-70
Symbolic addressing of variables L 6-15 Transferring
Symbolic variable declaration 7-7 the current values of parameters 6-55
Symbolic variables 7-1, 7-7 the current values of variables L 6-55
Symbolic variables in ISO programming 7-9 Travels 1-7
Symbols addressing Boolean values 6-61 Truncating 6-5
Symbols addressing numerical values 6-62 Turn/face roughing cycle 4-128
Symmetrically driven axis 6-43
Synchronised axis 6-43 U
System 1-3 Unconditional branch to a sequence of blocks with return 4-165
T Unconditional subroutine branch 4-165
Use of the stack 7-3
T 6-5
T function 4-269 V
Table summarising cycles 4-127 V 4-14
Tangent element 5-7 VAR 7-7
Tangential feed rate 4-66 VAR and ENDV functions 7-7
Tapered thread cutting 4-96 VAR H.. N.. N.. 7-11
Tapping 4-111, 4-127 VAR H.. N.. N.. function 7-11
Tapping clearance 4-114 Variable acquisition in the stack 7-11
Tapping cycle 4-111 Variable L programming syntax 6-7
Tapping cycles 4-101 Variables L 7-1
Temporary suspension of next block preparation 4-187
Test W
on a variable for a conditional jump 6-10
on an external parameter for a conditional jump 6-48 Word 2-4
Thread cutting defining a dimension 2-6
by penetration to thread flank 4-95 format 2-4
by straight penetration 4-95 not defining a function 2-6
with retraction slope 4-95 Writing a programme 1-4
without retraction slope 4-95 Writing of a block defining
Time constant to absorb the antistick pulse 6-45 a path 2-8
Tolerance interval coefficient 6-38 a tool change 2-7
Tool the start of spindle rotation 2-8
axis 4-72
axis orientation 4-72
X
call 4-70 XOFF 2-9
corrections 4-74, 4-75
cutting part radius 1-13
inside the profile 4-84
outside the profile 4-83
position 4-81
position with respect to the part 4-79
programming 4-70
radius R 6-29
radius R correction 4-76
retraction 4-85
retraction slope 4-95
type 6-30
Tool correction 6-29
call 4-74
en-938820/5 I-7
I-8 en-938820/5

Programing Manual T

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NUM

© Copyright NUM 1997.

© Copyright NUM 1997 software NUM 1000 family.

Appendix D List of Errors D-1

Date Revision Reason for revisions

04-92 0 Document creation (conforming to software index B)

11-93 1 Update to conform to software index D

Taking into account of upgrades

09-94 2 Update to conform to software index F

02-95 3 Update to conform to software index G

05-96 4 Update to conform to software index J

Date Revision Reason for revisions

06-97 5 Update to conform to software index L

Software index J and K

Structure of the NUM 1020/1040/1060 Documentation

NUM NUM NUM NUM NUM

OPERATOR’S OPERATOR’S PROGRAMMING PROGRAMMING CYLINDRICAL

938821 938822 938819 938820 938930

NUM NUM NUM NUM NUM

NUM NUM NUM NUM NUM

PROCAM CYLINDRICAL GEAR TWO-SPINDLE SURFACE

938904 938929 938932 938854 938945

NUM NUM NUM

SETTOOL PLCTOOL LADDER MMITOOL

938924 938859 938946

Special Programming Documents

These documents concern special numerical control programming applications.

NUM NUM NUM NUM NUM

SUPPLEMENTARY PROCAM MILL PROCAM TURN DUPLICATED PROFIL

938872 938873 938874 938875 938937

NUM NUM NUM NUM NUM

PROCAM GRIND POLYGON PROCAM GRIND PROCAM PROCAM

938931 938952 938953 938959 938958

Description of the features related to axis programming.

Detailed description of functions related to ISO programming.

Gives the possibility of assigning variables to NC functions. The values of the

Possibility of saving or restoring a chain of L variables in a single instruction.

Tables given as lists of:

Tables given as lists of:

- exchange parameters with the PLC,

Table given as a list of words with their associated formats.

List of NC error numbers and definitions.

Syntax of function G12

N.. [G01/G02/G03] G12 X.. Z.. [F..] [$0…]

Syntax in the form of a Conway diagram

List of G, M and Other Functions

Lists of G, M and Other Functions

G01 Linear interpolation at programmed feed rate 4 - 32

G02 Clockwise circular interpolation at programmed feed rate 4 - 36

G03 Counterclockwise circular interpolation at programmed

G04 Programmable dwell 4 - 238

G05 Movement on an inclined axis 4 - 269

G06 Spline curve execution command 4 - 216

G07 Initial tool positioning before machining on an inclined axis 4 - 268

G09 Accurate stop at end of block before going to next block 4 - 59

G10 Interruptible block 4 - 180

G12 Overspeed by handwheel 4 - 242

G16 Definition of tool axis orientation with addresses P, R 4 - 72

G20 Programming in polar coordinates (X, Z, C) 4 - 226