Users Manual: Gold Channel

USERS MANUAL
Gold Channel
DIGITALLY ENHANCED MIC-PREAMP
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD By Bruce Botnick 4
WELCOME About this Manual 6
INTRODUCTION Features 7
THE FRONT PANEL Buttons, Knobs, Controllers and other functions 8
THE REAR PANEL Inputs, Outputs 10
THE SIGNAL FLOW 11
CONNECTING THE GOLD CHANNEL 12
QUICK REFERENCE General description to get started 13
SIGNAL Selecting the primary Inputs, Outputs ,Clock, Dither and Insert 14
GAIN Setting the Analog Input Gain 16
LEVEL Digital In, Master Out and Analog Out levels 17
RECALL AND LIST Recalling a Factory, User or Memory Card preset 18
STORE Storing and Naming a new User preset, using the Letterbox 20
ROUTING AND LAYOUT Constructing your own preset 22
EDIT Editing the blocks, M/S-matrix, Delay, Insert, Meter page 24
THE BLOCKS Parameters in the digital processing 30
UTILITY System parameters, Memory Card handling 31
MIDI 32
THE RESET MENU 34
SELF TEST 35
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 36
MIDI IMPLEMENTATION CHART 37
TROUBLE SHOOTING 38
CERTIFICATIONS 39
FACTORY PRESET LIST 40
WHERE GREAT RECORDINGS BEGIN By Loren Alldrin 42
TC Electronic, Sindalsvej 34, DK-8240 Risskov - [email protected] Rev 1.3 - SW - V 1.03

3
Prod No: 606058511
FOREWORD
Microphones as Ears
by Bruce Botnick
I've always felt that microphones were colors on a sound painter's palette. Colors that can be used to bring out
the many sounds that we record and help us to create different textures used in the mix.
Many recording engineers have their favorite microphones and don't necessarily use the same favorite on the
same instrument in all applications. In creating the sound field, the mixer will look at the instrumentation, the
microphones available, and make his choice based upon what he knows will work and what he hears in his
imagination.
Equating Imagination when it comes to recording music is like comparing the improvisational work of a fine
musician. You have to know your tools by heart in order to be free enough to dream in full three dimensional
stereo and color.
Back in the early days of hi-fi, monaural long playing records, when I was really, really young; I can remember
hearing people breathing on recordings. Hearing the rosin of the bow on the strings of a violin. The fingernails
of a pianist on the ivories. I could never hear that on old 78's as a majority of the microphones used up till the
1950's were ribbons. Radio Recorders had basically only ribbons, RCA 44's and 77's, with a couple of
Telefunken U47's mixed in. Their consoles were like most of that day in that the mic preamps had built-in pre
eq to compensate for the lack of high frequencies that are inherent in ribbon microphones. As the industry
started moving forward with condensers, those consoles with their pre eq provided the seminal sounds that we
grew up on. The mixers now had the revolutionary Telefunken/Neuman U47, Km 53,54's and U67's. The Sony
C37 which was a less expensive and somewhat sweeter version of the U47 and the now famous Telefunken
ELM-251 and AKG C-12's. Sound became hi-fi. Then came dynamic microphones, or did they precede? I have
seen dynamic microphones used in the strangest ways for reasons that never made sense and they worked great.
The most common usage has been on live vocals, loud amplified instruments, drums and percussion. Not hi-fi
in comparison to a condenser, but able to do things that you can't do with a condenser. Such as; using a Shure
56, 57 or 58 as a hammer to drive nails into a stage and still be useable by a singer later in performance.
Swinging the mic in a ever increasing arc, hitting concert promoters in the head as well as guitar amps. The
speed and impact should destroy those hardy mics, but they keep on doing their thing, day in and day out. Try
that with a $5,000 condenser and see how far your money will go.
Since hi-fi was such a new thing, everything about it was of interest and this information was on the back of hi-
fi albums. This was an unyielding source of inspiration. If the sound of a U47 close mic'd on Miles Davis'
trumpet sounded great and romanced me, that was what I would use when and if I got the chance to record a
jazz trumpeter. The amazing thing is the human memory. When I did get the opportunity and used the U47 it
4
FOREWORD
sounded just like what I remembered, minus Miles Davis of course. As time has advanced forward I am always
on the lookout for this printed information as well as photographs and film documentaries of recording
sessions. Seeing the masters at work and their use of the pallet is the best way to learn. Not only can you see
and hear what they used, but also how high and far away the microphone was placed from the instrument. The
only thing we can't see is the nature of the console and what eq and dynamics were used if any. Also, the good
fortune that these masters enjoyed, was the privilege of recording master musicians capable of making great
sounds.
The future is now upon us. Digital microphones with built in A/D's capable of 96 khz, 24 bit output. Custom
tailoring of the eq curves via computer programming for the mixer who needs the microphone to do it his way.
Digital processing of these new signals by digital microphone preamplifiers with eq and dynamics. It's amazing
what it used to be, as it now happens, almost as soon as we can think it up, the future is now.
Microphones have a great history and have been a part of almost all of the 20th century's most important music
and political events. My gratitude to those dreamers who dreamt of reproducing human hearing in full three
dimensional stereo and color. I am at their feet.
Bruce Botnick - June 1998
Bruce Botnick is a recording engineer and producer whose work spans the last three decades. Although he is
primarily known as engineer and producer for the legendary 60's rock group, The Doors, Bruce has recorded
and produced literally hundreds of other legendary classic rock hits throughout the 60's and 70's. His clients
have included a "who's who" of Rock & Roll: The Beach Boys, Buffalo Springfield, The Turtles, The
Supremes, Marvin Gaye, Stevie Wonder, The 5th Dimension, Bread, MC5, Delaney and Bonnie, Judy Collins,
Dave Mason, The Rolling Stones, Joe Cocker, Eddie Money, Kenny Loggins, Steve Perry and many others.
Considered by many to be one of the "pioneers" of digital recording, Bruce was the first to engineer the first all
digital recording of a motion picture soundtrack, "Star Trek The Motion Picture". Since then, Bruce has
recorded and produced countless music scores for films such as "E.T.", "Poltergeist I & II", "Indiana Jones And
The Temple Of Doom", "Rambo", "Gremlins", "The Color Purple", "Caddyshack", "Startrek V", "Blaze",
'Total Recall", "The Doors Movie", "Sleeping With The Enemy", "Father Of The Bride", "Beauty And The
Beast", "Basic Instinct", "Aladdin", "The Lion King", "Pocahontas", "Waterworld", First Knight", "City Hall",
"L.A. Confidential", "Ghost & The Darkness", "Executive Decision", "Airforce One", "Deep Rising". Bruce
recently completed producing The Doors 4-CD Box Set, and engineered the music score for latest Disney
animated feature film, Mulan.
5
WELCOME
Congratulations
Congratulations on the purchase of your new Gold
Channel. We hope that you have as much pleasure
using it as we had making it.
The Gold Channel is carefully designed to make perfect

recordings of your precious music directly to your digital storage
media. There are three essential steps in the recording process:
Microphone amplification, Analog to Digital conversion and a
powerful package of signal processing. These are all brought
together in the Gold Channel. These plus the routing possibilities
in the processing section and the versatile Input and Output
connectors, set a whole new standard for what you can expect
from a stand-alone mic-preamp.
The Gold Channel is equipped with 24 bit AD/DA converters,
AES/EBU, S/PDIF and ADAT/Toslink Optical Inputs and
Outputs.
About this Manual

Many people in the music business (and elsewhere) have an
aversion to reading manuals. We understand that. So if you feel
like starting without reading the whole manual, check out the
Quick Reference at page 11. You can always use the manual if
you want to check out areas that you have questions about.
On the other hand, you might want to know a little more about
the Gold Channel before you start pressing keys. The manual
will take you step by step through all of the Gold Channel’s
functions. If you want to read about a specific function, please
refer to the Table of Contents.
6
INTRODUCTION
General Introduction
The Gold Channel is designed so that all its main functions are available directly on the front panel: Input select, +48V phantom, gain
setting with PAD, Lo-Cut, Phase Invert, Mute, Soft Clipper and Meter select. These combined with separate bypass buttons for each
processing block and a user friendly display, gives you an intuitive box that is very easy to use, despite the many features.
The Gold Channel is a true dual mono machine with four processing blocks on each channel that can be selected, routed and changed
individually, or if placed in the same routing position, can be linked for stereo operation.
The Gold Channel has three basic modes: 1) Four blocks of processing available on each channel (44.1 or 48 kHz)
2) With one processing block on each channel that runs at double sample rate (88.2 or 96 kHz)
3) Three processing blocks on channel 1 which run at double sample rate (88.2 or 96 kHz)
Gold Channel features:
- Two channels of high-end mic-preamplification. - A Dynamic EQ which is a De-esser with additional

frequency range and control, enabling you to use it as
- Two types of Expander/Gate algorithms that enable
a De-popper.
you to use either an over-easy Noise-Gate or a more
comprehensive Expander with additional parameters.
- A Digital Radiance Generator (DRGTM) which adds a
tube-like sound to your material.
- Two types of Compressor algorithms where TC has
emulated the warm analog sound of vintage
- R.I.A.A. equalization allows you to connect your
compressors.
turntable to the mic-inputs.
- Two types of EQ algorithms that incorporate TC
Electronic’s proprietary SoftSat technology. Easy EQ - M/S encoding and decoding both before and after the
is an emulation of vintage EQ’s, plus an Advanced EQ processing blocks, gives you the opportunity to take
with additional parameters. advantage of this recording technique, that has been
used for years in the film and broadcast industries.
- A De-Esser, which can help remove the sibilant
sounds from vocal recordings.
7
THE FRONT PANEL
POWER CHANNEL 1 AND 2

Press and hold the Power The Gold Channel has direct access to all primary functions on the mic-
switch until the Gold Channel preamp for each channel:
logo shows, then release. Input gain encoder: Sets the analog input gain along with the PAD button.
Everytime you change the input level, the Gain page will pop up, so you can
CARD SLOT read the exact input gain.
The PCMCIA slot can be used Input: Selects between Microphone, Line-level and Digital input. Every time
for storing and loading presets. you change the input, the Signal page will pop up to help you view the
Use Type 1 PC Cards with a Input/Output status of the machine. If you select Digital input, you must
minimum 64 KBytes of SRAM, select what digital format to use on the Signal page.
or up to 2MB. PAD: Attenuates the input signal by 0, 20, 40 or 60 dB before the analog
input gain encoder. (60 dB is shown when 20 + 40 dB LED’s is ON)
Note: Set PAD range in the Utility display to get access to 60 dB PAD
+48V on/off: Supplying +48V Phantom power to condenser microphones
Phase: Inverts the phase of the input signal by 180 o
Locut: Digital Locut filter can be set to off, 60, 80 or 120Hz at -12 dB/octave.
If you want Locut at other frequencies, use the Easy Equalizer.
Softclip: The digital soft clipper is placed right after the Input select and just
before the Locut filter. When the Active led is blinking, the soft clipper is
working on your input signal.
Mute: Is placed right before the main output panner on each channel.
Meter: Switches the 14 segment LED meter between showing Input before
the Softclip and output right after the digital Master Output.
Clip: Indicates if overload is detected somewhere in the signal chain
DYN meters: The 2 X 4 LED meters show you the gain reduction for the
Expander and Compressor in the Routing.
Bypass: The Expander, Compressor, EQ and Tools keys, work as bypass
for each block. With a double click you get access to the parameters of the
respective processing block.
8
THE FRONT PANEL
FUNCTIONS < > MENU KEYS

The four Function buttons In many of the displays you can select
give access to the primary different menus by pressing the arrow
display groups. keys, for instance, in the Edit display you
Programs: Here you can can select between Meter, Edit, Routing
store, recall or delete a and Layout.
preset.
Edit: Here you can decide THE PARAMETER WHEEL
the layout and setup the Use the Parameter wheel to change the
processing blocks you position of the cursor in the display
want, control all
parameters in the THE VALUE WHEEL
processing and view input Use the Value wheel to change the
meters for the blocks. values of a parameter.
Setup: Here you can
select inputs and outputs, ENTER, EXIT
insert send/return, dither, The Enter key is used to confirm actions,
and all main input and or for accessing a block. The Enter key
output levels. will blink when the Gold Channel needs
Utility: Here general you to confirm. The Exit key is normally
system parameters are used to exit a menu, or to cancel an
controlled, Display viewing action.
angle, plus all features
regarding MIDI and Preset
cards.
9
THE REAR PANEL
Main Balanced Balanced Serial no. ADAT and Digital MIDI External
Power Mic/Line Analog Tos-link AES/EBU In,Thru,Out Control
Switch XLR XLR In/Out S/PDIF Input
Inputs Outputs Word In/Outs
Clock
Input
RCA
Notes
Pin 2 is “Hot” on all XLR’s (IEC and AES standards).
You must use balanced XLR-XLR cables to get the +48V phantom power to your condenser microphones.
External control jack works with the optional TC Master Fader to control the Master Output Level.
The Gold Channel power supply is capable of operating at any line voltage between 100 volts and 240 Volts
(50-60 Hz).
Balanced XLR-XLR cables:
XLR - XLR
Pin 1 - Pin 1 (Ground)
Pin 2 - Pin 2 (Hot)
Pin 3 - Pin 3 (Cold)
10
THE SIGNAL FLOW
On this page you can see the signal flow through the Gold Channel presented in a technical drawing.
11
CONNECTING THE GOLD CHANNEL
The Gold Channel can be used in different kinds of setups and applications due to the extensive input and output
possibilities. Here are a couple of suggestions on how to connect the Gold Channel.
Recording setup
The normal recording or tracking setup, where you connect one
or two microphones directly into the Gold Channel and have
all outputs available simultaneously.
For example: Use the analog outputs for monitoring the artist,
and the digital outputs for recording directly to your digital
storage media.
Post recording setup

When you are done recording and want to do some additional
processing on your tracks, you can connect the output from
your digital recording device to the digital input of the Gold
Channel, enabling you to keep your tracks in the digital
domain. Set the digital input format on the Signal page.
The analog inputs and outputs, which are not in use when
working in the digital domain, can be used for inserting an
analog device, like a tube compressor. Select Line as Insert
send/return on the Signal page, and set the Insert block
position to either Pre or Post processing (on the Layout page).
Make sure that the Direct Ch. 1 and Ch. 2 signal parameters in
the Insert block are turned all the way down.
Mixer setup
The Insert option can also be used to turn the Gold Channel
into a four input mixer with two analog inputs and two
channels of digital input. Connect one or two microphones
and a digital device like another Gold Channel, and set the
digital input format at Insert return on the Signal page. Select
the Insert block position as Pre or Post processing (on the
Layout page) and use the Gain, Pan and Delay parameters in
the Insert block for fine tuning the mix. All outputs will be
12
QUICK REFERENCE
General Control
General control of the Gold Channel display is accomplished by dialing the Parameter wheel to
change position of the cursor, and the Value wheel to change values. In many of the displays you can
select different menus by pressing the < > Menu keys, as in the Edit display where you can select
between Meter, Edit, Routing and Layout. Press Enter to carry out an action (for example, when
recalling a preset).
Recall
Press Programs (if you are not already there) and select Recall with the < > Menu keys. Use the
Value wheel to select a preset (Factory, User or Card preset) and press Enter to load the preset.
Quick Store
If you want to store a modified factory preset with the same name, press Programs and use the < >
Menu keys to access the Store menu, then press Enter to confirm. The Gold Channel will now
automatically store your preset in the first empty User space, using the current name. If you have
modified a User preset, the Gold Channel will default to the same User preset number when you try
to store it. If you don’t want to overwrite the preset, choose another User or Card bank number with
the Value wheel.
Editing
Press the Edit key and select the Edit display using the < > Arrow keys. There are two ways of
entering the parameter display of a processing block. Double-click the bypass key of the block you
want to edit or dial the Parameter wheel to place the cursor on the block you want to Edit and press
Enter. Press the Exit key when you want to return to the Edit display, or double-click on the bypass
key.
Routing
Changing the order of the processing blocks is done in the Routing display. Press the Edit key and
select the Routing display using the < > Menu keys. Place the cursor where you want to insert a
processing block, and dial the Value wheel to select the sub-algorithm (sub-algorithm is shown in the
lower text line). Now press Enter to insert the current processing block. Pressing Enter while
pointing to a processing block will give you a short-cut to the parameter display of the processing
block, and pressing Exit will return you to the Routing display.
Input/Output Levels
When using Analog input, turn the Input encoders at the upper left corner of each channel to adjust
the input levels. When adjusting the input level, the Gain display will automatically appear and then
disappear again after a few seconds. You must make sure that the Input encoder indication on the
display has grabbed the indication on the outer circle which shows the actual input gain. Otherwise,
nothing will happen to the input gain.
To access the Digital Input/Output levels and the analog output levels, press the Setup key and select
the Level page using the < > Menu keys.
NOTE: The Digital Master Out levels are placed before the Analog output levels, and will therefore
have influence on the Analog output levels.
13
SETUP - Signal
The Signal Display
On the Signal display you can select the main inputs, Insert send and return, Sample Rate source, ADAT or TOS Link
output, and view what outputs are available.
To get to the Signal page press the SETUP button, if you are not already there, and use the < > Menu keys to select SIGNAL.
Basic operation is accomplished by using the Parameter wheel to change cursor position and the value wheel to change values.
Select Insert Send and

Return sources “Signal” page selected
Input Source Signal is present on all

on Channel 1 shown outputs.
and 2 Select Channel Status
Bits output
External Clock
Select between
indicator
ADAT, TOS or
THRU for the
Sample rate source Select Dither for optical output
the digital outputs
The Signal Display AES/EBU - Digital AES/EBU can use up to 24 bits. Use the
Whenever you touch one of the Input selectors on the front, the balanced XLR Digital In/Out for this connection. AES/EBU
Signal display will pop up, and disappear after a few seconds. If should use balanced 110 Ohm cables. The incoming sample rate
you don’t want the display to go back automatically, you can set will be displayed in the Digital box at the Signal page. The
the Auto Pages parameter in the Utility/Config display to OFF. “Digital” LED’s will be blinking if no clock is present or if the
NOTE: This will also affect the Gain display. Gold Channel cannot lock to the incoming clock.
Input S/PDIF - Digital S/PDIF can use up to 20 bits. Use the RCA
The Input box is controlled from the Input selector for each jacks In/Out for this connection. S/PDIF should use unbalanced
channel on the front. It can be Mic, Line or Digital input. If it’s 75 Ohm cables. The incoming sample rate will be displayed in
set to Digital, the Value wheel is used to select between the the Digital box in the Signal page. The “Digital” LED’s will be
different digital formats: AES/EBU, S/PDIF, TOS Link and blinking if no clock is present or if the Gold Channel cannot lock
ADAT. You cannot select different digital formats for channels 1 to the incoming clock.
and 2.
TOS link - Optical TOS link uses the S/PDIF digital format. Use
NOTE: The Input select overrides the Insert send/return, meaning the Optical In/Out for this connection. TOS link uses fiberoptic
that the setting selected at the Input cannot be chosen at the cables. The incoming sample rate will be displayed in the Digital
Insert return. Also note that the Insert option is only available box at the Signal page. The “Digital” LED’s will be blinking if
when both channels are either analog or digital. You will get the no clock is present or if the Gold Channel cannot lock to the
message: INSERT OFF, if the insert is no longer possible, and incoming clock.
INSERT ON when it’s possible again.
14
SETUP - Signal
ADAT - When using an ADAT, use the Parameter wheel to move Digital External Clock
the cursor to the channel 1 or 2 input boxes, and the Value wheel When the Gold Channel is locked to any external clock, this box
to select channel number. It is possible to select two ADAT will display the incoming sample rate.
channels, process them and send them out on two different - or
the same - ADAT channels. The incoming sample rate will be Dither
displayed in the Digital box at the Signal page. The “Digital” The Gold Channel can output Dither from 8 to 22 bit resolution.
LED’s will be blinking if no clock is present or if the Gold The dither type is HP-TDF or High Pass Triangular probability
Channel can not lock to the incoming clock. Density Function.
NOTE: The four or six unprocessed ADAT channels are not Gold Channel uses internal 24 bit resolution and 24 bit AD/DA
passed through the Gold Channel. converters. Dither should therefore only be used in case the
digital outputs are used (e.g. to a 16 bit DAT machine). It is
Insert Send and Return recommended not to use dither until the final stage of a
The Insert Send and Return in the Gold Channel is not a normal production, so if there is a chance that the source material is
send/return as on other mixers, but a more comprehensive way of going to be dithered later in a production, do not use Dither.
using the inputs and outputs. This means that depending on what
you select as your primary input, most other inputs and outputs Output
are free for use as insert sends or returns. The only limitation is The Gold Channel will output signal on all available outputs
that both input channels must be either analog (Mic or Line) or simultaneously.
Digital, to enable the send/return feature. Example: If the Gold Channel is set to Mic input on both
Example: If the Gold Channel is set up with mics on both inputs, channels and off at Insert send/return, you will have both analog,
it is then possible to use the AES/EBU in/outs to connect another AES/EBU, S/PDIF and TOS link (or ADAT) outputs available.
processing machine or effect in the signal chain. The TOS link can be switched to any two ADAT channels
For further details and options see “Connecting the Gold between 1 and 8. When using ADAT, use the Parameter wheel to
Channel” (page 11-12) and “Edit” (Page 23). move the cursor to the “Optical” box, and the value wheel to
NOTE: The Input select overrides the Insert send/return, meaning select ADAT and channel number for each channel.
that the setting selected at the Input cannot be chosen at the The output box will automatically show you what outputs are
Insert return. Also note that the Insert option will automatically available according to your choices of Input and Insert.
be turned off when both channels are not either analog or digital.
Use the Value wheel to change the Channel Status Bits of the
Clock digital output between professional and consumer format. When
The Clock parameter determines what source the Gold Channel AES/EBU is above S/PDIF in the list, the Gold Channel will
is using as digital clock. The Gold Channel can use internal 44.1 output the professional AES/EBU standard, and when S/PDIF is
kHz, internal 48 kHz, incoming Digital sample rate (from the on top of AES/EBU, the Gold Channel will output the S/PDIF
selected Digital input) or external sync (word clock). consumer standard.
The Gold Channel is capable of using its own internal clock The Gold Channel defaults to AES/EBU but some digital
while using audio from the Digital input. This means that you consumer products refuses to accept the professional standard.
can use the Gold Channel as master clock when working in a In that case change to S/PDIF consumer standard.
digital setup. The Gold Channel will automatically switch to the Example: If you are using a non-professional DAT machine as a
appropriate clock when you select Input source. For instance, receiver of the Gold Channel digital output, and you cannot make
you select AES/EBU as your input source, the Gold Channel now it accept the digital input, change the output format from
automatically switches the Clock parameter to Digital. AES/EBU to S/PDIF.
NOTE: The external sync input will only recognize standard NOTE: The different Status Bit standards do not affect the
word clock from 32 kHz to 48 kHz. quality of the audio output from the Gold Channel.
15
SETUP - Gain
The Gain Display
On this page you can set and adjust the gain of the analog inputs, and use the Auto Gain Setting option, which helps
you get the best results when you are doing recordings.
To view the Gain page press the SETUP button, if you are not already there, and use the < > Menu keys to select GAIN.
“Gain” page selected
Use the Auto Gain Set

Current input level Setting
option to get the
Position of the front optimal input level
encoders through the analog
inputs to the
Actual current input A-D converters
level, shown in dB
When grayed out, Digital

input is selected
Generally about the Gain Display Note: The 60 dB PAD is not used at Auto Gain Set, this may
Whenever you touch one of the Input gain encoders on the front, cause the message Too Much Level to show up even though it’s
the Gain display will appear, and disappear after a few seconds. possible to set optimal gain with the 60 dB PAD. If possible
If you don’t want the display to go back automatically, you can switch to Line inputs and run the Auto Gain Set again.
set the Auto Pages parameter on the Utility display to OFF.
Select
Gain Selects what channel(s) you are working with: Ch.1, Ch.2, Ch.1
At the left of the display, there are two “knobs” showing the and Ch.2 or Stereo. The difference between Ch. 1 + Ch. 2 and
analog input gain. The inner circle indicates the position of the Stereo is that in the former you’ll get two independent
Input encoders on the front panel, and the indications on the measurements at the same time, and in the latter, you will get the
outer circle along with the dB value below, shows you the lowest gain on both inputs.
amplification of the input. If the input gain is set to +18dB, you
must have an input signal at -18dBu to get 0dB output. Headroom
After a Total Recall or an Auto Gain Set, the two indicators may Here you select what headroom the Auto Gain Set should give
not be linked, in which case, it’s the outer indication along with the input signal or how far should maximum peak be from 0dB.
the dB value that is actual. Turn the input encoders on the front
until the indicators link, so that manual adjustment of the gain Auto Gain ENTER
becomes possible again. Press ENTER and the measuring will begin. Whenever you want
you can press Enter again. The measuring will stop and the
Auto Gain Set optimal input gain will be set automatically.
The Auto Gain Set option enables you to automatically set the NOTE: If maximum gain isn’t enough to reach the headroom
optimal mic or line input levels. level, the message: “Insufficient level” will show up.
16
SETUP - Level
The Level display
On the Level page you can adjust the Digital Input level, the Master Level for all outputs and the Analog Output level
for channels one and two.
To view the Level display, press the SETUP key if you are not already there, and use the < > Menu keys to select the Level page.
“Level” page selected
Analog output levels

Digital input levels
When grayed out, analog Master output levels

input is selected for all outputs
Adjusting the levels Analog output levels

Use the parameter wheel to move the cursor and select what level These “knobs” control the analog output level for each channel,
you will adjust, either one channel at a time or both and are placed right after the DA converters. This means that the
simultaneously. Use the Value wheel to adjust the levels. If you Master level will affect the Analog output level controls (Except
have different levels on each channel, adjusting both channels if the analog outputs are used for Insert Send)
will preserve the difference until you reach the maximum or
minimum level on one of the channels.
Digital input levels

These parameters control the digital input if you have selected it
on one or both channels. If you are not using a Digital input, the
bars will be grayed out, and you have no access to adjust them.
The digital input level is parallel to the analog input gain, and
therefore has no effect on the analog input level.
Master output levels

These parameters control the output level for all outputs except
Insert Send if chosen. In the signal chain they are placed right
after the panners in the output section (see the Edit display).
It is possible to remote control the Master output level by
connecting an optional TC Master Fader via the External 1/4”
jack input at the back panel. In Utility/Config menu you can
choose whether it shall control Ch.1, Ch.2 or both.
17
PROGRAMS - Recall
The Recall and List Displays
Here you can Recall a Factory, User or Card preset, and you can load a separate channel of processing or even a
single processing block from one preset to another.
To get to the Recall page press the PROGRAMS button, if you are not already there, and use the < > arrow keys to select Recall.
Basic operation is accomplished by using the Parameter wheel to change the Recall mode and the value wheel to change preset number.
When the preset number is blinking pressing Enter will Recall the selected preset.
Recall page selected
Select between
Total recall,
Recall or Partial User, Factory or Card bank
recall mode
Preset number
Preset name
Recalling presets It can either be all processing blocks from one or both channels,
There are three levels of recalling presets in the Gold Channel: or just a single processing block. Turn the Parameter wheel to
Total Recall: You can make a Total Recall that recalls absolutely select what you want to partial recall.
every setting in the machine (Except +48V), including input gain The small icons in the grid represents different things:
and input/output/insert setup. A box that is not filled out indicates that the block is present in
Recall: Where you Recall all processing settings that can be the Routing.
modified in the Edit, Routing and Layout displays. This includes A diamond indicates that the block is present in the Routing, and
M/S matrix, Delay and Panner settings, plus all processing blocks that a partial recall will overwrite the current settings.
placed in the two channels. A box that is filled out (black) indicates that the block is not
Partial Recall: Here you can recall selected processing blocks present in the Routing, but will be placed in the Routing when
from one preset into the preset you are currently working on (See partial recall is confirmed.
below).
NOTE: When you scroll through the presets with the Value Example: Recall factory preset 100 Empty Routing. Now turn the
wheel, you will automatically jump between the Factory, User Parameter wheel until the display reads: Ch.1+2 COM, then turn
and Card banks. Factory presets is marked “F”, User presets is the Value wheel to factory preset 79 (F079 Stereo Keyboards)
marked “U” and Card presets is marked “C”. and press Enter. The Compressor settings from factory preset 79
are now loaded into the preset. Continue in this way to construct
Partial Recall exactly the preset you want, and store it in a separate space in the
The grid at the left of the display is used to make what we call User bank.
partial recall. This enables you to load parts of the settings from
one preset, into the preset you are currently working on.
18
PROGRAMS - Recall
The List Display Exercise 1:
This is another way of recalling and displaying the preset lists How to Recall a preset
(Factory, User and Card), and is very useful when you are In this Exercise we are going to recall a couple of presets. Press
looking for a specific preset name but cannot remember the the Programs key (if you’re not already there) and select the
preset number. “Recall” page using the < > Arrow keys.
You can Recall a preset directly from the List by scrolling with
the Parameter wheel. The preset name/number that is blinking Now dial the Value wheel to scroll through the factory presets.
will be instantly recalled when you press Enter. While scrolling you will see both the preset number, preset name
The Value wheel is used for jumping between Factory preset 001, and the LED of the Enter key blinking, indicating that the current
User preset 001, Card preset 001 and the last preset in the list. preset has not been recalled yet.
Note: When recalling from the List display you will always get a Select preset #10 and press Enter to confirm. Preset #10 is now
normal Recall of the preset, not a Total or Partial Recall. recalled.
Exercise 1: How to Recall a preset
Press the Programs key PROGRAMS
Dial Value
wheel to scroll
through
presets
Press the Enter key ENTER

to Recall the Preset
19
PROGRAMS - Store
The Store Display
When you have made a preset, you can go to this page, give it a name and store settings in a space in the User bank.
To get to the Store page press the PROGRAMS button, if you are not already there, and use the < > Menu keys to select STORE
Basic operation is accomplished by using the Parameter wheel to change cursor position, and the value wheel to change values.
“Store” page selected
User or Card bank number

and name if not empty
New preset name The Letterbox:

Select CAP for capital letters Scroll through the
and punctuation letters and press Enter
to confirm
Insert a blank space
Deletes the present cursor position When the typing is finished, go to

Done and press Enter to Store
The Store function

The Gold Channel can hold a maximum of 100 User presets, and The Letterbox
up to 999 additional presets can be stored on a PC-card With this box you can give your presets exactly the name you
(depending on the size of the card). Use Type 1 PC Cards with a want. Use the Parameter wheel to select letter position and the
minimum 64 KBytes of SRAM., up to 2MBytes. Value wheel to select letter/symbol. Press ENTER to place the
letter, and continue until you have written the full preset name.
How to Store Then move the cursor to DONE in the lower right corner and
When you have made a preset you can store it quickly under the press ENTER to store the preset with the new name.
same name, or you can give it a new name and storage position. In the Letterbox there are also some tools: CAP, INS and DEL,
If you have made the preset by modifying one of the 100 factory that you can place cursor at and press ENTER.
presets, entering the Store display will give you a default to the CAP changes between small/capitalized letters and
first empty User space and preserve the original Factory preset numbers/symbols. Instead of scrolling to the CAP function all
name. You can then just press Enter and the preset will be stored, the time, you can press EXIT to change CAP, indicated by the
or you can change the name with the letterbox, and select another black dot next to CAP.
User bank space or a Card bank space. INS, inserts a space in the line (if you want to write some more,
If the preset you want to store is made out of a User preset, or have misspelled something).
entering the Store display will take you to the original User DEL, deletes the letter/symbol that the cursor is placed at.
preset space. You can then press ENTER to overwrite the old
User preset, or you can select another User or Card bank position
- maybe give it a new name - and store it.
20
PROGRAMS - Store
Exercise 2: How to Store a preset with the existing Exercise 3: How to name a preset
name In this exercise we will try to name or rename a preset.
When you want to store a Factory preset, the Gold Channel If the preset is not named before the storage, it will be stored
automatically selects the first free storage space in the User bank. with the name of the preset it was built from.
If you try to re-store a User preset, the Gold Channel will - Press the Programs key and use the < > menu keys to access the
automatically select the same storage space. Store display.
- Press the Programs key and use the < > menu keys to access the - Dial the Value wheel to select a storage space.
Store display. - Dial the Parameter wheel to go to the Name line
- Dial the Value wheel to select a storage space. - Dial the Value wheel to scroll through the Letterbox
- Press Enter to confirm. - Press Enter every time you have selected both cursor position
and letter
- When finished go to the DONE box in the letterbox and press
Enter, now the preset is stored with the new name.
Exercise 2: How to Store a preset with the Exercise 3: How to name and store a preset
existing name.
Press the Programs

Press the Programs key PROGRAMS
key PROGRAMS
Use the <> menu keys

Use the <> menu to select Store display
keys to select Store
display
Dial Value
wheel to select
Dial Value storage space
wheel to select
Dial Parameter
storage space
wheel to go to
the name line
and select
cursor position Dial the Value wheel to
select letter or symbol and
Press the Enter key press Enter
to Store the Preset ENTER
When finished
move the cursor to
DONE and press
Enter to Store
21
EDIT - Routing and Layout
Setting up the processing blocks

In the Routing display you can freely select the order of the processing blocks in the Gold Channel. With the Layout
page you can select if you want to run two channels or one channel at 96 kHz and where to place the Insert block.
To get access to the Routing display, press the EDIT key if you are not already there, and use the < > Menu keys to select the Routing page.
“Routing” page selected
Dial the Parameter

wheel to select block
position, and Value
wheel to select between
the ten Sub-algorithms.
Then press Enter to
confirm setting
Shows you Sub-algorithm type Empty block positions

at cursor position
About the Routing display The Sub-algorithms

The Routing display has a grid with positions where you can put Below is a list of the sub-algorithms for the four blocks
in processing blocks. The grid size depends on what Mode you
have selected in the Layout display . The lines from IN to OUT EXPANDER: Easy Gate
through the grid positions indicate that there will always be Advanced Expander
access from inputs to outputs, with or without processing blocks.
COMPRESSOR: Soft Compressor
All processing blocks are running in mono and are set up in
Vintage Compressor
series, meaning that the first block will be fed through the second
and so on.
EQUALIZER: Easy Equalizer
Advanced Equalizer
Setting up processing blocks
For each channel it is possible to place one Expander, one
TOOLS: De-Esser
Compressor, one EQ and one of the Tools algorithms (Only
Dynamic Equalizer
limited by available Grid positions).
DRGTM
Basic operation is accomplished by using the Parameter wheel to
R.I.A.A.
change cursor position between the various block positions, and
the Value wheel to change between the sub-algorithms, the Enter
key is used to confirm a sub-algorithm setting. The Layout page
NOTE: If you select a block that is already in the channel The Layout page features a number of functions that all refer to
routing, the block that is already set will start blinking and the the Routing. In the Layout display, there is a miniature version of
cursor will get rounded corners. If you press Enter to confirm the the current Routing, showing the grid size and the position of the
setting, the block that was already there will be deleted. blocks.
22
EDIT - Routing and Layout
Mode This is a built in Y-split that enables you to get channel one’s
Rate Mode - This is where you decide what basic layout of the input signal on both processing lines. You can select whether the
grid you want to work with. There are three different setups: signal should be taken before (Pre) or after (Post) the processing
blocks of channel one. The post setting actually enables you to
1) Two channels with four processing positions on use all eight processing blocks at 44.1/48 kHz Mode in a serial
each channel (44.1/48kHz) way for channel one’s input.
NOTE: The signal for Ch.2 will be taken right after Locut and
Softclip, but before Phase Invert. Therefore Locut and Softclip
will be set to Off on Ch.2, but Phase Invert will be available on
both channels.
The M/S Matrix will not be available because M/S recording
needs two separate inputs.
In the Post mode Links will not be available.
2) One processing position on both channels.
(88.2/96kHz) Insert -
Insert
placed
post
processing
3) Three processing positions on Ch.1 and none at
Ch.2 (88.2/96kHz) With this parameter you select if you want to have the Insert
block present in the Routing grid, and if it should be placed
before (Pre) or after (Post) the processing blocks.
NOTE: You have to select the send/return source on the Signal
page.
Columns and Blocks

The difference between the three modes is, that the processing The functions here are somewhat similar to the functions of a
sample rate in the first mode is 44.1 or 48 kHz, where it is 88.2 spreadsheet. Use them when you want to move, insert or delete a
or 96 kHz in the other two modes. The arrow boxes on each side whole Column or a single Block.
of the processing blocks indicates the up and down sampling of Column -
the signal. Move Left - Will move the current Column to the left.
NOTE: In mode three there will still be signal through channel Move Right - Will move the current Column to the right.
two, and you still have the M/S matrix, Delay, Insert and the Insert Col - Will insert a new Column.
processing on the front available (Locut/Softclip). Delete Col - Will delete the current Column.
Block -
Ch.1 to Ch.2 - Move Left - Will move the current Block left.
Move Right - Will move the current Block right.
Insert Block- Will Insert a new Block.
Ch.1 input
Delete Block- Will delete the current Block.
to Ch.2,
post
Press Enter to carry out the selected function.
processing
23
EDIT - Edit and Meter
Editing the digital processing
The Edit display is the place where you have a general overview of what processing blocks, Insert and Links are set
up in the current preset, and it is where you get access to edit the different parameters in the digital processing
section of the Gold Channel.
To get access to the Edit display, press the EDIT key if you are not already there, and use the < > Menu keys to select the Edit page.Basic
operation is accomplished by using the Parameter wheel to change cursor position and the Enter button to access the parameter lists of the
blocks.
“Edit” page selected
Place the cursor on IN

and press Enter to
access input M/S matrix
and Delay settings Place the cursor on OUT
and press Enter to access
Press Enter to Edit output M/S matrix and
processing at cursor Panner settings
position, or double-click
on the bypass button for
the processing you want
to Edit.
Link button available when you Shows you Sub-algorithm type at cursor
have same sub-algo at same position. Press Enter to access the
block position on both channels parameter page
About the Edit Display Unit - With this parameter you can change the unit that the delay
The Edit display shows you the processing blocks and Insert that time is measured in: Milliseconds, Feet and Meters.
are set up in the Routing display, and automatically views Delay Ch.1 and Ch.2 - Controls 340 ms adjustable delay on
available Links. The lines from the IN to the OUT blocks each channel. The first 10 ms are adjustable in 0.1 ms steps, and
through the processing blocks, indicate the signal flow. When from 10 ms to 340 ms, in 1 ms steps.
you bypass a block, the graphics change to indicate that the Output Correlation - The graphics running with the delay
signal doesn’t go through the block. At the lower line you can see settings is a Phase Correlation meter. This shows you the output
the name of the block that the cursor is placed on. phase correlation between Ch.1 and Ch.2. When the black dot is
at maximum (+), you have the same phase on both outputs and
The IN Block when it goes down to minimum (-), the outputs are completely
If you place the cursor on the block named IN and press Enter, phase reversed. The “tail” after the black dot shows you the
you get access to a range of parameters that relate to the input on history of the phase correlation. You can then, with the Time/Div.
both channels. In the signal chain these parameters are placed parameter, adjust how much history it displays: From 0.1 second
after the processing on the front (Locut, Phase invert and to 0.9 seconds.
Softlim), and before the processing and Insert blocks. Example: Set up the Gold Channel with the same input on both
M/S Matrix - Select between Encoding and Decoding, channels (e.g., a 1 kHz test tone), and see that the phase
depending on what your input signal is. Also see the separate correlation is at maximum. Then press the Phase Invert button
section on M/S recording technique in this manual. on one of the channels, and see how it shifts. Also try to adjust
NOTE: This M/S matrix runs simultaneously with the M/S the phase correlation with the delay parameters.
matrix in the output block.
24
EDIT - Edit and Meter
NOTE: The Panner settings of the output also have influence on Return Ch.1 and Ch.2 - For the Return channel selected on
the output phase, therefore this Phase Correlation meter is also the Signal page, you can control the input Gain for each channel
shown at the Output page along with the Panner controls. as well as the Panning between Left and Right outputs, and you
also have 340 ms delay available, adjusted in 0.1 ms steps the
first 10 ms and 1 ms steps from 10 to 340 ms.
The OUT Block Direct Ch.1 and Ch.2 - For the direct signal (main input
The Output block contains M/S matrix, Panners for each channel, source) you have Gain and Panner parameters here for both
Phase Correlation meter and indication of total processing delay. channel one and two. These parameters are primarily meant for
M/S Matrix - Select between Encoding and Decoding, the mixer situation. Remember that the Gain must be set to off if
depending on what you want your output signal to be. Also see you use it as a normal send/return insert.
the separate part on M/S recording technique in this manual. NOTE: These two parameters are additional in the signal path,
NOTE: This M/S matrix runs simultaneously with the M/S and do not substitute any of the other gains and panners in the
matrix in the Input block. machine.
Pan Ch.1 and Ch.2 - These are separate panners for channel
one and channel two, and pan the signal between left and right Link
outputs. The Link option is available whenever you have placed the same
Output Correlation - This is a phase correlation meter that sub-algorithm for example, an advanced EQ - at the same grid
shows you the phase correlation between Ch.1 and Ch.2 outputs. position on each channel. If a Link is possible, a little box will
When the black dot is at maximum (+), you have the same phase show up under the blocks. With the cursor you can scroll to the
on both outputs and when it goes down to minimum (-), the little box, and with the Value wheel you can activate the Link.
outputs are completely phase reversed. The “tail” after the black When you activate the Link, the Gold Channel will copy the
dot shows you the history of the phase correlation. You can then, settings from channel one to channel two, and any changes you
with the Time/Div. parameter, adjust how much history it make will be made on both channels. When you unlink, the
displays: From 0.1 seconds to 0.9 seconds per division. settings will stay as they are, but now you can control each
NOTE: The Delay settings on the input also have influence on channel separately again.
the output phase, therefore this Phase Correlation meter is also NOTE: Link will not be available when you select Ch.2 input
shown at the Input page along with the Delay parameters. from Ch.1 Post processing.
Processing Delay - Shows you the total amount of delay that When a Link is ON, the Sidechain input from Ch.2 to Ch.1 will
the Gold Channel contributes to the signal due to A-D conversion not be possible.
and digital processing (1.1 ms minimum). Included is also the
delay settings from the Input block. The figures are read-only Meter Page
parameters. The meter page shows you the input of each block in the
If you use the analog outputs, you must add 0.57 ms to the Routing. Press Enter or double click on the Bypass buttons, this
number shown, because of the time it takes to make the D-A will take you to the parameter pages.
conversion.
The INSERT block

The Insert block is placed in the routing either pre or post the
processing blocks, and contains parameters to handle send/return
signals and direct channel one and two signals. The idea of the
extended Insert block is to enable a normal send/return insert, but
also to turn the Gold Channel into a four channel mixer, with a
pair of analog inputs, a pair of digital inputs and several output
opportunities.
Send Gain Ch.1 and Ch.2 - Controls the output gain for the
selected Send output on the Signal page.
25
THE BLOCKS
The Blocks SIDECHAIN

On the following pages you will find a description of
the ten processing algorithms, and the parameters
you can control in them.
The Sidechain is the reference signal that the Gate is listening
Expander to internally for making the processing. You will never hear
There are two different expander/gate sub types in this signal on the output.
the Gold Channel. They are running from the same
sub-algorithm, but with different parameters Input
available, fitted for different applications.
Both the Gate and Expander perform Downward Expansion.
Downward Expansion in general, means that below a certain
threshold the input signal’s gain is reduced on the output
according to a specific ratio. For instance, if a Gate or When placed on Channel 1, you can select the Sidechain Input
Expander has a ratio 1:2, for every dB the input decreases the to be either the Same (Ch.1) or Channel 2.
output will be decreased with 2 dB. Expanders/Gates are often Example: If you select to have Sidechain input from Ch.2, you
used to remove background noise from, for instance, old can go to the Layout page and select Ch. 1 Pre, as input to
keyboards, or for separating the inputs of different drum mics. Ch.2. Now you have all the blocks on Ch. 2 for processing the
Sidechain signal on Ch. 1. You can also have a completely
different input on Ch. 2.
Expander/Gate NOTE: When two blocks are linked, you cannot select Ch. 2 as
input for Ch. 1 Sidechain.
Advanced Expander
Threshold
Easy Gate When the input signal falls below this threshold, the
Mode Expander/Gate starts working. This means that the higher
The Mode parameter changes between fast and slow gating, threshold the more expansion you will get.
and covers a change in both the Ratio, Attack, Release, hold
and knee mode parameters. Ratio
The Ratio of the gain reduction. If the Ratio is set to 4:1 it
Threshold means that for every 1 dB the input signal decreases, the output
When the input signal falls below this threshold, the Gate starts will decrease by 4 dB.
working. This means that the higher threshold the more gating When the Ratio is set Infinite:1, it means that when the input
you will get. signal falls below the threshold, the output is turned all the way
down. This is also known as gating.
Max. Damping
With this parameter you can decide the maximum number of Attack
dB the gate shall attenuate (See the graphics to get a better The Attack is the time that the Expander/Gate uses for bringing
understanding). the reduced signal to 1:1, when the signal exceeds the
threshold.
26
THE BLOCKS
Hold Bandwidth
Is the time that the Expander/Gate will keep the Ratio at 1:1 Sets the Bandwidth of the Sidechain bandpass filter.
below the threshold, before the Release time sets in. Monitor
Here you can monitor the Sidechain signal, which is very
Release useful for getting the right settings of the Sidechain filter.
The Release time is the fallback time that the Expander/Gate
uses to reach the gain reduction specified by the Ratio Input
parameter.
Example: If the input signal suddenly drops 4 dB below
threshold in no time with the Ratio set to 1:4 and the Release
set to 20 ms, the Gold Channel will use 20 ms to reach a gain
reduction of 12 dB. When placed on Channel 1, you can select the Sidechain Input
to be either the Same (Ch.1) or Channel 2.
Knee Mode Example: If you select to have Sidechain input from Ch.2, you
The Knee Mode parameter sets the bending point of the can go to the Layout page and select Ch. 1 Pre, as input to
Expander to soft knee or hard knee. When soft knee is Ch.2. Now you have all the blocks on Ch. 2 for processing the
selected, the Expander will gradually reach the ratio, while Sidechain signal on Ch. 1. You can also have a completely
hard knee will cause the Expander to go directly from no different input on Ch. 2.
expansion to the current ratio. NOTE: When two blocks are linked, you cannot select Ch. 2
as input for Ch. 1 Sidechain.
Max. Damping
With this parameter you can decide the maximum numbers of
dB the expansion shall attenuate (See the graphics to get a Compressor
better understanding). There are two types of compressors in the Gold
Channel. They use two different algorithms that
make them perform in two very different ways. When
SIDECHAIN we made these compressors, we listened to the
characteristics in some of the old compressors that
are very popular in recording studios today, and tried
to put some of their characteristics into our
compressors.
The Sidechain is the reference signal that the Expander is A Compressor is meant to reduce the dynamic content of the
listening to internally to carry out the processing. You will input signal, and thereby keep a more constant level. When the
never hear this signal on the output. The Advanced Expander input signal exceeds the threshold, the Compressor starts to
has a separate bandpass filter for tweaking the sidechain reduce the signal according to the Ratio. The Ratio describes
signal, and you can give it another input signal. how much the signal is reduced, e.g. a Ratio at 2:1 means that
for every 2 dB the signal exceeds the threshold, only 1dB
Filter comes out.
Turns the Sidechain bandpass filter on/off. The bandpass filter
attenuates low and high frequencies, from the Freq and Compressor
Bandwidth parameter settings by -12 dB/octave.
Freq
Sets the center frequency of the Sidechain bandpass filter.
27
THE BLOCKS
Soft Compressor
This is a feed forward compressor.. It sounds very smooth Input
and works well on acoustic and electronic instruments.
Threshold
When the input level exceeds the Threshold, the Compressor When placed on Channel 1, you can select the Sidechain Input
will be activated. This means that the lower the Threshold, the to be either the Same (Ch.1) or Channel 2.
more compression you will get. Example: If you select to have Sidechain input from Ch.2, you
can go to the Layout page and select Ch. 1 Pre, as input to
Ratio Ch.2. Now you have all the blocks on Ch. 2 for processing the
The Ratio of the gain reduction. E.g.: When the Ratio is set to Sidechain signal on Ch. 1. You can also have a completely
4:1 it means that for every 4dB the input level rises, the output different input on Ch. 2.
level increases by only 1 dB. NOTE: When two blocks are linked, you cannot select Ch. 2
Attack
The Attack time is the response time that the Compressor uses
to reach the gain reduction specified by the Ratio parameter. Vintage Compressor
Example: If the input signal suddenly increases to 4dB above This compressor is a bit more specialized and “vintage”- like.
threshold in no time with the Ratio set to 4:1 and the Attack It is a very musical compressor that sounds especially good on
set to 20 ms, the Compressor will use 20 ms to reach the gain vocals.
reduction of 1 dB. It’s a feedback type compressor which means that it gets its
Sidechain input from its output, and therefore it is not possible
Release to have another separate input to the Sidechain.
Release sets the fall back time of the Compressor, after the
signal drops below the Threshold.
Knee Mode
The Knee Mode parameter sets the bending point of the Input Drive
compressor to soft knee or hard knee. When soft knee is The Compressor works with a fixed threshold at -24 dB, so the
selected, the Compressor will gradually reach the ratio, while Input Drive is meant for adjusting the input level to fit this
hard knee will cause the Compressor to go directly from no threshold.
compression to the set ratio. Example: The more you boost the Input Drive, the more you
will exceed the fixed threshold, and you will get more
Output compression.
Output adjusts the output gain after compression, to
compensate the loss of level caused by the compression. Output Gain
Output Gain adjusts the level after the compression, enabling
SIDECHAIN you to compensate for level jumps through the Compressor.
Ratio
Adjusts the Ratio of the gain reduction.
Example: When the Ratio is set to 4:1 it means that for every 4
The Sidechain is the reference signal that the Compressor is dB the input level rises, the output level increases by only
listening to internally for processing. You will never hear this 1 dB.
signal on the output.
28
THE BLOCKS
Attack Advanced Equalizer
The Attack time is the response time that the Compressor uses
to reach the gain reduction specified by the Ratio parameter.
Example: If the input signal suddenly increases to 4 dB above
threshold in no time with the Ratio set to 4:1 and the Attack set
This five band parametric EQ has a lot more parameters than
to 20 ms, the Compressor will use 20ms to reach the gain
the Easy EQ, enabling you to make any adjustment you would
reduction of 1 dB.
like.
The algorithm is made with built in soft limiters on each band,
Release
which gives you a warm, analog-like sound with the EQ.
Release sets the fall back time of the Compressor, after the
Bands 1 and 5 are shelving filters and bands 2, 3 and 4 are
fully parametric peaking filters.
Equalizer Band 1
Equalizers are some of the most common signal Type - Selects Bell or Shelf type of filter
processing devices, and are made in many different Gain - +/-18 dB range
variations and with different colorations. The Freq - adjusts the frequency from 20 Hz - 5 kHz
Equalizer types in the Gold Channel are made with Slope or Width - depending on type of filter
parametric and shelving filters. We have put great Band - On/Off function for the band
efforts in making the EQ algorithms sound as
musical and “analog” as possible. Band 2, 3 and 4
Gain - +/-18 dB range
Freq - adjusts the frequency from 20 Hz - 20 kHz
Easy Equalizer Width - adjusts the bandwidth of the filter (0.1 - 4 octaves)
Band - On/Off function for the band
Band 5
This EQ type is based on old style EQ’s and incorporates just a Type - Selects Bell or Shelf type of filter
few parameters, making it fast and easy to work with. Built-in Gain - +/-18 dB range
soft limiters on each band in the algorithm gives you a warm Freq - adjusts the frequency from 501Hz - 20 kHz
and analog sound when you tweak the filters. Slope or Width - depending on type of filter
Band - On/Off function for the band
The EQ has five bands:
Lo Cut - Cut filter with fixed -12 dB/oct. attenuation Out Level
Lo - Shelving filter with +/-18 dB gain and four fixed Here you can adjust the level after the EQ filtering.
frequencies
Mid - Bell filter with +/-18 dB gain and five fixed Soft Clip
frequencies The built in soft clippers/limiters on each band can here be
Hi - Shelving filter with +/-18 dB gain and fixed frequency at switched On/Off.
2.5 KHz.
Hi Cut - Cut filter with fixed -12 dB/oct. gain reduction
29
THE BLOCKS
Tools Input
In the Tools section you’ll find some useful
algorithms for different purposes.
De-Esser When placed on Channel 1, you can select the Sidechain Input
This De-Esser takes advantage of a technique where to be either the Same (Ch. 1) or Channel 2.
the Threshold is always relative to the average level Example: If you select to have Sidechain input from Ch. 2,
of the material. This means that if the average level you can go to the Layout page and select Ch. 1 Pre, as input to
of your material increases, so will the Threshold, Ch. 2. Now you have all the blocks on Ch. 2 for processing
and the De-Esser removes relatively the same. This the sidechain signal on Ch. 1. You can also have a completely
gives you a more musical and useful De-Esser. different input on Ch. 2.
A De-Esser is used for removing the sibilant sounds from NOTE: When two blocks are linked, you cannot select Ch. 2
instruments and especially voices. It does this dynamically, as input for Ch. 1 Sidechain.
which means that it’s not a static EQ filter but a dynamic filter
that only cuts into the sound when the high frequencies are
loud in the material.
Dynamic Equalizer
Threshold The Dynamic Equalizer is somewhat like an
When the input level exceeds the Threshold, the De-Esser will extended De-esser with more parameters and
be activated. The Threshold setting is relative to the average enlarged frequency range, enabling better control.
level. You can also look at the Dynamic Equalizer (and De-
NOTE: This means that the de-esser will also work for soft Esser) as a compressor that works in a defined and
signals. limited part of the frequency range.
Freq Threshold
Sets the cut-off frequency. When the input level exceeds the Threshold, the Dynamic
Equalizer will be activated.
SIDECHAIN Mode
Decides how the Threshold shall react. When set to Relative,
the Threshold will be relative to the average level of the
signal. This means that also soft signals are processed. For
signals where the average level is determined by signals
outside the frequency range set, for example, a vocal with
The Sidechain is the reference signal that the De-Esser is sibilance, the Relative setting is useful and very musical.
listening to internally for processing. You will never hear this When Mode is set to Absolute, the Threshold set refers to full
signal on the output. scale, 0 dB, and is therefore well suited for limiting the
maximum level in a specified frequency range, e.g. the bass.
Monitor
Here you can monitor the Sidechain signal, which is very Ratio
useful for hearing what the De-Esser actually removes from The Ratio of the gain reduction.When the Ratio is set to 4:1 it
the main signal. means that for every 4 dB the defined frequency range rises,
the output level increases by only 1 dB.
30
THE BLOCKS
Attack Digital Radiance Generator
The Attack time is the response time that the Compressor uses The DRGTM (Digital Radiance Generator) adds low
to reach the gain reduction specified by the Ratio parameter. order (especially second) harmonic distortion to the
Example: If the input signal suddenly increases to 4 dB above signal. This kind of distortion is very analog-like, and
threshold in no time with the Ratio set to 4:1 and the Attack will add a certain warmth to your material. This is
set to 20ms, the Dynamic EQ will use 20ms to reach the gain what is sometimes called “tube saturation”.
reduction of 3 dB.
Drive
Release The DRG drive is adjustable from 0 (minimum) to 10
Release sets the fall-back time of the Dynamic EQ, after the (maximum) distortion.
Curve
Freq If your material is asymmetric (percussive/speech, etc.), the
Sets the center frequency of the range the Dynamic EQ should plus/minus parameter will change the sound of the DRG.
work in.
Curve
Sets the bandwidth or Lo/Hi shelf setting of the range the R.I.A.A. Equalization
Dynamic EQ should work in. The R.I.A.A. equalization algorithm is a standard
frequency curve that, when added to the signal,
Monitor enables you to plug your turntable into the mic
inputs and listen to your records. Note that you
must still adjust the input gain.
You can choose between the IEC standard from 1964 or 1987.
The 1987 curve includes a subsonic filter.
Make balanced connections as shown in drawing below.
Here you can monitor the Sidechain signal, which is very Warning: Do not switch +48V phantom power On when
useful to hear what the Dynamic Equalizer actually removes connected to your turntable to avoid potential damage to your
from the main signal pick-up.
Input
When placed on Ch. 1, you can select the Sidechain Input to

be either the Same (Ch. 1) or Ch. 2.
Example: If you select to have Sidechain input from Ch. 2,
you can go to the Layout page and select Ch. 1 Pre, as input to
Ch. 2. Now you have all the blocks on Ch. 2 for processing
the sidechain signal on Ch. 1. You can also have a completely
different input on Ch. 2.
NOTE: When two blocks are linked, you cannot select Ch. 2
31
UTILITY
The Utility Display Protect Low limit
In Utility you can choose between CONFIG, CARD and Sets the lower limit of the preset protect. The current number is
MIDI. Use the < > Menu keys to select between the included in the protection.
three displays. Protect High limit
Sets the higher limit of the preset protect. The current number is
The Config. Page included in the protection.
In the Config. page you can set up a number of global parameters
for the Gold Channel such as memory protect, MIDI bulk dump The Card Page
etc. The Card page features a number of tools for handling cards,
Display Viewing Angle including preset copying to and from a Card.
Adjust for best contrast of the LCD display. Use the Parameter wheel to scroll, and the Value wheel to change
Clip Hold values.
Here you can set the time you want the Clip indicator to stay lit Card type: SRAM PCMCIA, type 1, min. 64 KBytes to 2 MB.
after a clip is detected (Off, 5sec, 30sec or 60sec). Show card status
PAD range This function makes it possible to check the status of your PC-
Selects how many of the PAD values you want to have access to. card. The Gold Channel will be able to display the size of the
If set to 20 you are only able to scroll between 0 and 20 dB, card, the write protection status, the number of presets on the
when set to 40 you have 0, 20 and 40 dB available and if set to card and the amount of free space.
60 you have 0, 20, 40 and 60 dB PAD choices. This is done to NOTE: This information will only be available when the card is
make it easier for you to control the PAD, because if you only Gold Channel formatted or contains Gold Channel presets. The
use 0 and 20 dB PAD in your daily work, it’s irritating to scroll Gold Channel will read “New Card” when the card is inserted, if
through 40 and 60 every time you press the PAD key. the card is not formatted.
Param. dial direction Format/Erase Card
This parameter enables you to change the cursor direction when This function will Format and Erase the PC-card. Press Enter
dialing the Parameter wheel in parameter lists. Choose whether twice to confirm this action.
the cursor should move up or down when dialing the parameter WARNING: This action will overwrite ALL existing presets on
wheel clockwise. the current Card.
Auto Pages USER/CARD BANK COPY
Selects how the Gain and Signal pages shall react when This section makes it possible to copy a specified group of
parameters are changed. Enter And Exit cause the pages to pop presets to or from a specific space on a card. For example: You
up and disappear automatically. Enter At Touch, causes the pages want to copy User preset 10-15 from the Gold Channel to preset
to pop up automatically but not to change back automatically. 5-10 on your card. Now set the “User bank preset start” at 10
Off means that nothing will happen automatically (because you to start the group of presets at #10), the “Card bank
Double Click preset start” at 5 (because you want the first copied preset to start
Turns the bypass buttons double click function on/off. at #5), the “Number of presets” to 5 (because that is the number
Fader Control of presets you want to copy). Now select Copy “From User bank
Selects what channels the TC Master Fader should control on the to Card” scroll to “Execute copy” and press Enter twice to
Master output level. When set to Stereo the two outputs will confirm the copy operation.
always be identical. User bank preset start
Fader Calibration This parameter determines where the copy action should start in
Press Enter to enable calibration of the optional TC Master Fader the internal User bank.
connected to the External Control input. Follow the instructions Card bank preset start
in the display. This parameter determines where the copy action should start in
Protect the Card bank.
Sets the Preset Protect function On/Off. Number of presets
This parameter sets the number of presets to be copied.
32
UTILITY
Copy Custom Map
Select whether you want to copy from User bank to card or from In the Custom Map you can decide what every incoming
card to User bank. Program change should map to, using the “Map Program Change
No.” and the “Into Preset” parameters
Execute Copy Map Program Change No.
Select this parameter and press Enter twice to carry out the copy Use this parameter to select the Program change number you
action. want to remap.
Into Preset
Use this parameter to set the new destination of the selected
The MIDI page program change number.
Basic Channel Reset Custom Map
The basic MIDI channel of the Gold Channel. This is the channel Place the cursor on this parameter and press Enter to Reset the
that you should transmit Program changes on to change Presets in Custom map.
the Gold Channel.
MIDI Bulk Dump
NOTE:The Gold Channel outputs the on/off status of the blocks
You can back up the User presets of the Gold Channel to another
at Preset change.
Gold Channel or to MIDI recording device using these functions.
Program change NOTE: Transmitter and receiver must have same Sysex ID.
This parameter enables or disables MIDI program changes on the
Gold Channel. When set to Enabled the Gold Channel will User Bank to MIDI
respond to program changes incoming on the “Basic Channel”. Connect your Gold Channel’s MIDI Out to another Gold
Bank Selection Channel, a sequencer or any other MIDI recordable device. Press
This function is a new MIDI standard, making it possible to Enter twice and the Gold Channel will perform a MIDI bulk
Recall Presets above #128. This parameter determines whether dump of all User presets.
the Gold Channel should respond to this message or not. If your
MIDI device is capable of using this function, you should select MIDI to User Bank
Fine or Coarse. Connect the storage device to the Gold Channel’s MIDI In and
(Please refer to your MIDI device’s owners manual to make sure press Enter. The Gold Channel is now ready to receive a MIDI
which type the current product is using). bulk dump containing User presets.
Sysex Device ID
The System exclusive ID of the Gold Channel. This is used when WARNING: This action will overwrite ALL existing User presets
performing bulk dumps to and from the Gold Channel. in the Gold Channel.
Program Change Offset
MIDI Controller map for Software 1.07 or higher.
With this parameter you are able to add to or subtract from the
cc10 Input Channel 1 Mute , 0..63 Unmute, 64..127 Mute
incoming Program change: e.g. the incoming Program change is
cc11 Input Channel 2 Mute , 0..63 Unmute, 64..127 Mute
Preset 79, and the offset is set to +1, the Program change will
cc12 Input Channel 1 OutLevel, 0..127 Maps to -31dB to +6dB
now be 80.
cc13 Input Channel 2 OutLevel, 0..127 Maps to -31dB to +6dB
Mapping Mode Above controllers are receive only, they are not send to MIDI out
Sets which bank incoming program changes should be sent to: on the Gold Channel.
ROM (Factory), USER, CARD or Custom. This means that you
can guide all incoming Program changes to any of the three
banks, or you can design your own Custom MIDI map.
33
RESET MENU
The Reset page
Enter User Data page

Store and load your setup to
or from card
Reset system parameters
Clear all user presets
Test Programs
The User data page
Type your name here
and your phone number
How to enter the Reset Menu Recall Setup

Hold the Programs key pressed during power-up. Press Enter twice to confirm that you want to recall the setup
Move the cursor using the Parameter wheel and press saved by “Store Setup”.
Enter to select the option you want. Power off/on to All system parameters will be reset according to the saved setup,
leave the Reset Menu. meaning all parameter settings on the Level and Signal pages.
Reset Setup
Set User Info This will reset all system parameters back to the factory default.
This function makes it possible to store your name and phone This reset will NOT delete the User presets of the Gold Channel.
number into the Gold Channel. Press Enter to access the User Clear all Presets
data menu. Use the Value wheel and the Parameter wheel to write This will delete all User presets.
your name and phone number into the Gold Channel. Press Enter WARNING: This action will destroy ALL existing User presets in
to accept. Your name and phone number will be displayed during the Gold Channel.
power-up. Run Test Program
Store Setup See description on next page.
Press Enter twice to confirm that you want to save the setup of the
Gold Channel. All system parameters are saved meaning all
parameter settings on the Level and Signal pages.
34
SELF TEST
PRESS AND HOLD THE PROGRAMS KEY WHILE to a Midi compatible device and confirm the Prg.. changes.
POWERING UP, TO ACCESS THE RESET MENU AND Press Exit to leave Midi I/O test.
SELECT »RUN TEST PROGRAM« External Control Input
Select Pedal test by pressing Enter.
Turn the Value Wheel to scroll through Self tests Connect a momentary switch to the External Control Input.
Key test When pressing the Switch, the Result should be OK.
Select Key test by pressing Enter. When released, the Result should be Not OK.
The keys must be pressed in the order they are requested by the Press Exit to leave Pedal test.
Gold Channel to pass the test. NOTE: Result of test must be not OK if no jack is inserted.
Press Exit to leave Key test. PCMCIA test
In knobs test Select PCMCIA test by pressing Enter.
Select In knobs test by pressing Enter. Insert PCMCIA card.
Turn the In knobs to 30 and back to 0 to pass test. NOTE: All Data on PCMCIA card will be destroyed.
Press Exit to leave In test. Press Enter to test.
Parameter + Value Wheel test Result reads:
Select test by pressing Enter. Low battery - Time to change battery in your PCMCIA card.
Turn the Parameter wheel and the Value wheel to 30 and back to Not OK - Try the test using another PCMCIA card.
0 to pass test. Press Exit to leave PCMCIA test.
Press Exit to leave Wheel test. Battery test
LED test Select Battery test by pressing Enter.
Select LED's test by pressing Enter. Confirm that Result is OK.
Turn a Wheel to test the LED's. The test is “ok” when “none” Press Exit to leave Battery test.
LED's are lit. System test
Press Exit to leave LED test. Select System test by pressing Enter.
Display test Confirm that Result is OK.
Select Display test by pressing Enter. Result reads:
Press Enter to check that all pixels are lit. Press any key to leave Eeprom Not OK - The unit will most likely work OK, the
the pixel test. message is for service matters only.
Press Exit to leave Display test. DSP Not OK - Contact your local dealer.
Analog I/O test Press Exit to leave System test.
Select Analog I/O test by pressing Enter.
Connect an Analog Output to the Analog Input, which has to be
tested and press Enter. Power Off - On to start standard software.
PPM must show -12 DB to pass test.
Press Exit to leave Analog I/O test. Build in test v.3.06
Digital I/O test
Select Digital I/O test by pressing Enter.
Connect AES/EBU output to AES/EBU input.
Connect S/PDIF output to S/PDIF input. Service note
Connect ADAT output to ADAT input.
PPM must show 0 DB to pass test. In case of the unlikely event that the unit needs to be sent in for
Press Exit to leave Digital I/O test. service, please pack it in the original box and an outer box
Midi I/O test before sending it.
Select Midi I/O test by pressing Enter.
Connect Midi Out to Midi In.
Prg. change 1-128 is send out on Midi Thru. Connect this socket
35
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
ANALOG LINE INPUTS Digital Inputs and Outputs
Connectors: XLR balanced (pin 2 hot) Connectors: XLR (AES/EBU), RCA Phono (S/PDIF), Optical
Impedance (balanced): 6.8 kOhm (Toslink, ADAT)
Phantom supply: --- Formats: AES/EBU (24 bit), S/PDIF (20 bit), EIAJ CP-340,
Max. Input Level (balanced): 22 dBu IEC 958, EIAJ Optical (Toslink), ADAT Lite pipe
Sensitivity, Output Dither: HPF TPDF dither 8-24 bit
@ 12 dB headroom (balanced): - 11 dBu to 10 dBu Word Clock Input: RCA Phono, 75 ohm, 0.6 to 10 Vpp, 30 - 50 Khz
Dynamic Range (unweighted): > 103 dB Sample Rates: 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz
THD+N: < -90 dB (0.003 %) @ 1kHz, -3 dBFS Processing Delay: 0.2 ms @ 48 kHz
Frequency Response: 20 Hz to 20 kHz: +0/-0.3 dB Frequency Response DIO: 20 Hz to 23.9 kHz +0.01/-0.1 dB @ 48 kHz
Crosstalk
(Line to Mic. Pad 0), worstcase: < -65 dB, 20 Hz to 20 kHz PCMCIA Interface
(Line to Line or Mic. Pad Connector: PC Card, 68 pin type l cards
20/40/60), worstcase: < -85 dB, 20 Hz to 20 kHz Standards: PCMCIA 2.0, JEIDA 4.0
Common Mode Rejection, Card Format: Supports up to 2 MB SRAM
RS = 40 Ohm: > 60 dB @ 50/60 Hz & > 70 dB @ 1 kHz
A to D Conversion: 24 bit (1 bit, 128 times oversampling) Control Interface
A to D Delay: 0.8 ms @ 48 kHz MIDI: In/Out/Thru : 5 Pin DIN
GPI, Pedal, Fader: 1/4" phone jack
Analog MiC Inputs
Connectors: XLR balanced (pin 2 hot) General
Impedance (balanced): 6.8 kOhm EMC Complies with: EN 55103-1, EN 55103-2 and Class B limits of FCC
Phantom supply: 48V +/- 10%, pin 2 & 3 through 6.81 kOhm rules, part 15
Max. Input Level (balanced) Safety Certified to: IEC65, EN 60065, UL 1419, CSA E65
Pad 0/20/40/60: 0: -40 dBu, 20: -18 dBu, 40: 2 dBu, 60: 22dBu Operating Temperature: 32° F to 122° F (0° C to 50° C)
Sensitivity @ Storage Temperature: -22° F to 167° F (-30° C to 70° C)
12 dB headroom (balanced): 0: -82 dBu to -52 dBu, 20: -52 dBu to -30 dBu, Humidity: Max. 90 % non-condensing
40: -30 dBu to -10 dBu, 60: -10 dBu to 10 dBu Finish: Anodized aluminum front, Plated and painted steel
Dynamic Range, RS = 40 Ohm chassis
(unweighted): 0: >56 dB, 20: >88 dB, 40: >98 dB, 60: >100 dB
Noise Figure, Pad 0, LCD: 56 x 128 dot graphic LCD-display
RS = 200 Ohm: < 1.8 dB Dimensions: 19" x 1.75" x 8.2" (483 x 44 x 208 mm)
THD+N: 0: <-80 dB, 20/40/60: <-92 dB, -3dBFS Weight: 5.5 lbs. (2.5 kg)
Frequency Response: 0: 20 Hz to 20 kHz, +0/-0.9 dB, Mains Voltage: 100 to 240 VAC, 50 to 60 Hz (auto-select)
20/40/60: 20 Hz to 20 kHz, +0/-0.3 dBFS Power Consumption: <20 W
Crosstalk: Backup Battery Life: >10 years
(Mic., all Pad to Mic.,
Pad 0), worstcase: <-66 dB, 20 Hz to 20 kHz
(Mic., all Pad to Mic.,
Pad 20/40/60), worstcase: <-82 db, 20 Hz to 20 kHz
Common Mode Rejection,
RS = 200 Ohm: > 60 dB @ 50/60 Hz & > 70 dB @ 1 kHz
A to D Conversion: 24 bit (1 bit, 128 times oversampling)
A to D Delay: 0.8 ms @ 48 kHz
Analog Outputs
Connectors: XLR balanced (pin 2 hot)
Impedance: 50 Ohm (active transformer)
Max. Output Level: 22 dBu (balanced)
Full Scale Output Range: -10 dBu to 22 dBu
Dynamic Range: >100 dB (unweighted)
THD+N: -86 dB (0.005%) @ 1 kHz, -6 dBFS
Frequency Response: 10 Hz to 20 kHz: +0/-0.5 dB
Crosstalk: <-60 dB, 10 Hz to 20 kHz, typical < -90 dB @1 kHz
D to A Conversion: 24 bit (1 bit, 128 times oversampling)
D to A Delay: 0.57 ms @ 48 kHz
Technical Specifications are subject

to change without notice !
36
MIDI IMPLEMENTATION CHART
Digitally Enhanced Mic-preamp, Gold Channel - May 1998 Version 1.0
Function Transmitted Recognized Remarks

Basic Channel Default 1(-16) 1(-16)
Changed 1-16 1-16
Mode Default
Messages X X
Altered
Note Number X X
True Voice X X
Velocity Note ON X X
Note OFF X X
After Touch Key’s X X
Ch’s X X
Pitch Bend X X
Control Change X X
Prog Change O O
True# 0-127 0-127
System Exclusive O Bulkdump O Bulkdump
Common :Song Pos X X
:Song Sel X X
:Tune X X
System real time :Clock X X
:Commands X X
Aux Messages :Local ON/OFF X X
:All Notes OFF X X
:Active Sense X X
:Reset X X
Notes
O:YES
X:NO
37
TROUBLE SHOOTING
You press Power switch, but there is no reaction.
- The power switch on the rear panel is switched off.
You cannot turn the power off.

- Press and hold the Power switch for 3 seconds, then release to power off
No sound through the Gold Channel

- You are using Analog input, but the input selected is Digital, or some send/return has been selected on the Signal page, without anything
connected.
You do not hear what you expect as Ch.2 input

- Ch.2 gets it input from Ch.1. Go to the Layout page and set the parameter: “Ch.1 to Ch.2” to OFF.
You cannot change the PAD value more than between 0 and 20
- The PAD range is limited. Go to the Utility, Config page and change the range of the PAD button.
38
CERTIFICATIONS
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the Certificate Of Conformity
limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the
FCC rules.
These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference in residential installations. TC Electronic A/S, Sindalsvej 34, 8240 Risskov, Denmark,
This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency hereby declares on own responsibility that the following product:
energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the
instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio Gold Channel, Digitally Enhanced Mic-preamp
communications. However, there is no guarantee that
interference will not occur in a particular installation. Is covered by this certificate and marked with CE-label conforms
If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or with following standards:
television reception, which can be determined by turning the
equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the EN 60065 Safety requirements for mains
interference by one or more of the following measures: operated Electronic and related
apparatus for household and similar
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. general use.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different EN 55103-1 Product family standard for audio,
from that to which the receiver is connected. video, audio-visual and entertainment
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for lighting control apparatus for
help. professional use.
Part 1: Emission.
The user may find the following booklet, prepared by the
Federal Communications Commission, helpful: EN 55103-2 Product family standard for audio,
video, audio-visual and entertainment
"How to identify and Resolve Radio/TV interference Problems." lighting control apparatus for
professional use.
This booklet is available from the US. Government Printing Part 2: Immunity.
Office, Washington, DC 20402, Stock No. 004-000-0034-4.
With reference to regulations in following directives:

Caution: 73/23/EEC, 89/336/EEC
You are cautioned that any change or modifications not

expressly approved in this manual could void your authority to Issued in Risskov, May14th 1998
operate this equipment.
Anders Fauerskov
Managing Director
For the customers in Canada:
This Class B digital apparatus meets all requirements of the

Canadian Interference-Causing Equipment Regulations.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B respecte toutes les

exigences du Réglement sur le matériel brouilleur du Canada.
39
FACTORY PRESET LIST
Preset Description
1 Female Vocal Compressor, De-esser and EQ optimized for female vocals (96kHz processing on ch.1)
2 Lead Vocal All processing blocks on channel one, and output on channel two
3 Male Vocal Compressor, De-esser and EQ optimized for male vocals (Same settings on both ch.)
4 El Gtr Clean EQ, Compressor and Expander for clean guitars (Same settings on both channels)
5 Rthm Gtr D/I Compressor, EQ and Expander line in guitar (96kHz processing on ch.1)
6 Acoustic Gtr Helper Compressor and EQ for acoustic guitars (Same settings on both channels)
7 Kick L BassDI R Rock Expander, EQ and Comp for kickdrum (Ch.1) and bass guitar (Ch.2)
8 909 BD/SD Insert Processing for drum samples: Kickdrum on ch.1 and Snaredrum on ch.2
9 Drum Room MS-Rec Mid/Side recording technique for recordings in a drum room
10 String Quartet MS Mid/Side recording technique for recordings of classical setups
11 Vox Eq/Comp Vocal preset with EQ and compressor (Same settings on both channels)
12 Male Vocal 2 Compressor and Dynamic EQ for male vocals (Same settings on both channels)
13 Easy Vocals Compressor and EQ for different vocals (same settings on both channels)
14 Gold Vocal Comprehensive processing on channel one - output on channel two
15 Male Vox Eq/Comp Another vocal preset (Same settings on both channels)
16 Back Voc Composite Two different backing vocal settings
17 Vintage Vox EQ, Compressor and De-Esser for vocals (Same settings on both channels)
18 Comp. Vocal Vocal compressor in 96 kHz mode (Same settings on both channels)
19 2 Live Rappers Expander, EQ, Compressor and De-esser for high volume rap vocals
20 Bust A Dope Rap Input on channel one, processing on both channels and output on channel two
21 Lead Vocal Chain Vocal setting with processing on both channels - output on channel two
22 Vocal Easy Gate-Fast Noise gate for vocals fast (96 kHz processing)
23 Vocal Easy Gate-Slow Noise gate for vocals slow (96 kHz processing)
24 De-Es/Comp Vocal De-Esser, Compressor and EQ for vocals (96 kHz processing mode)
25 Vocal Processor Post recording preset for vocals (Same settings on both channels)
26 Voice Tweezer Tweaks the life out of your vocal
27 2 El Gtr/Rock Two settings for electric guitars miked with dynamic microphones
28 Stereo Rhythm Guitar Guitar stereo recording
29 Natural Guitar EQ and Compressor for guitar (96 kHz processing mode)
30 L:El Gtr R:Clean Gtr Two electric guitar settings
31 Marshall 900 Dynamic mic on a Marshall stack
32 Clean Gtr. Fendamp EV RE-20 on Fender '65 Super Reverb, clean Les Paul gtr. (Same settings on both ch.)
33 LPgtr. Fendamp Neumann TLM-103 on Fender '69 Twin Reverb, clean Les Paul gtr.
34 Marsh Mayquen Gtr TLM-103 on Marshall stack, Brian May "Queen" Les Paul gtr.
35 El Gtr Clean Tight Two different guitar settings with EQ, compressor and expander
36 El Gtr Clean Loose Two different guitar settings with EQ, compressor and expander
37 Nice Acc Gtr EQ, Compressor and De-esser for acoustic guitar
38 Rock Acc Gtr Rock acoustic guitar settings (two different)
39 Heavy Acc Gtr Heavy acoustic guitar settings (two different)
40 Neck Acc Gtr AKG C451 on neck of acoustic guitar
41 Sndhole Acc Gtr. AKG C414 at soundhole of acoustic guitar
42 Bigrythm Acc Gtr. AKG C460 condenser mic on acoustic guitar
43 Sndhl Full Acc Gtr Neumann U87 at soundhole of acoustic guitar
44 Dynamic Acc Gtr Sennheiser 421 at acoustic guitar
45 Latly Tekno Bass Line in and full processing for bass
46 Dbl Bass U47FET Neumann U47 on bass
47 Basses Two different bass presets
48 Bass Amp 4x10FL Hartke cabinet with Neumann TLM-103
49 Slap Bass 4x10FL Hartke cabinet with Sennheiser 421
50 Lively Steel Strings DRG, compressor and EQ (Same settings on both channels)
40
FACTORY PRESET LIST
Preset Description
51 Flamenco Gtr EQ and compressor for acoustic flamenco guitar (Same settings on both channels)
52 Viola Da Gamba EQ and DRG for Viola (Same settings on both channels)
53 Irish Mandolin EQ and compressor (Same settings on both channels)
54 Wire Harp EQ, compressor and DRG (Same settings on both channels)
55 El Cajon Hi/Lo EQ and compressor for Electric Cajon (Hi/Lo settings)
56 Piezo Guitar Wide Input on channel one and output on both channels - delay on channel two
57 Piezo Guitar Pickups Expander, EQ and Compressor (Same settings on both channels)
58 Dynamic Piezo Pickup Input on ch.1 output on both channels. Delay on channel 2
59 Kick L Snare R Rock Expander, EQ and compressor settings for kick and snare drum
60 Kick L Snare R Dark Expander, EQ and compressor settings for kick and snare drum
61 Kick L Snare R Sqush Expander, EQ and compressor settings for kick and snare drum
62 Kick L Hat R Rock Expander, EQ and comp. for kick drum, EQ for the Hi-hat
63 Tom Compressor, EQ and expander for side-tom (Same settings on both channels)
64 Floortom Compressor, EQ and expander for floor-tom (Same settings on both channels)
65 Overhead Comp Compressor for cymbals
66 Ducking Drums Two compressors on channel one (output on channel two) for heavy comp. of drums
67 Wind Chime EQ and comp for chimes
68 Snaredrum Comp and EQ for snaredrum (Same settings on both channels)
69 No Attack Removes the attack from your drums
70 Gate Channel 1 Gate on channel one with Sidechain EQ on channel two (only use ch.1 output)
71 Kicks EQ, expander and compressor for kick-drum (Same settings on both channels)
72 Snares EQ, expander and compressor for snare-drum (Same settings on both channels)
73 Crazy Kick Sucker Far out kick-drum setting with input on channel one and output on channel two
74 Djembe Hi/Lo Dyn Preset for Djembe with two dynamic microphones
75 Bodhran EQ and compressor (Same settings on both channels)
76 Piano EQ and compressor for piano
77 Hohner D6 Clavinet For a noisy synth or el-piano
78 Keyboard Radiance Adds on some warmth to your keyboard sound
79 Stereo Keyboards Processing for your keyboard
80 Heavy Keyboards Processing for your keyboard
81 Wurlitzer D/I Line in and then compression and DRG for keyboard/el-piano
82 Transformer Sound A little effect thing that makes some harmonic transformer sound (Tip: Look into the EQ)
83 Post Deessing Compressor, Dynamic EQ and EQ for post processing (96 kHz mode on channel one)
84 LA-3A Compressor Emulation of famous compressor setting
85 De-Ess Channel 1 De-esser with EQ as Sidechain processing (only output channel one)
86 Comb Filter Effect A little delay on channel two makes this effect
87 Slap Delay Effect Long delay on channel two makes this effect
88 FM Radio News If you want to improve the received sound from your local radio station
89 Stereo Mastering Not a Finalizer but you can come a long way with this
90 Vinyl Mastering When you want to convert you old vinyl records into the digital world
91 M-490 B Compressor and EQ for this microphone
92 U-87 Vintage Comp Vintage compressor and EQ on a Neumann U-87
93 U-87 Soft Comp Soft compressor and EQ on a Neumann U-87
94 U-89 Compressor and EQ on a Neumann U-89
95 M-149 Compressor and EQ on a Neumann M-149
96 AKG 414 Compressor and EQ on an AKG 414
97 Sennheiser 416 Compressor and EQ on a Sennheiser 416 mk2
98 SM-7 Expander and EQ on a Shure SM-7
99 UMT-70si Compressor and EQ on a Geffel Microtech UMT - 70si
100 Empty Routing Build up your preset from here
41
WHERE GREAT RECORDINGS BEGIN
by Loren Alldrin
Have you ever thought about where recordings really begin? If this question brings to mind a
tape deck, mixer or analog-to-digital converter, you're a bit too far down the signal path. While
these components are crucial parts of many recording chains, they're not where the process
actually beings. Instead, it's the microphone that's the real starting point for most recordings.
The microphone is responsible for the crucial first conversion that turns minute changes in air pressure (sound)
into an electrical signal. How well the mic performs this task has a profound effect on the quality of the
recording. Capture a brilliant performance with a bad mic (or poor mic placement), and the result is a bad
recording. Place the right mic in front of a talented instrumentalist or vocalist, and you'll consistently capture
excellent recordings.
Choosing and using microphones well involves a unique mix of artistry and technical savvy, making it one of
the more enjoyable - and challenging - aspects of recording. In the next few pages, we'll help you achieve great
recordings by covering some key principles of microphone technology, selection and placement.
Microphones: The Inside Story
Microphones use three main methods to convert sound to electricity, a distinction that divides mics into the
dynamic, ribbon and condenser classes. The dynamic mic is simplest of the three, and works much like a
loudspeaker in reverse. As sound vibrates a thin, round diaphragm, a coil of wire moves back and forth through
a magnetic field to generate a changing voltage. This voltage is the microphone signal. In a ribbon mic (which
is closely related to the dynamic mic), the ultra-thin wisp of metal that makes up the ribbon sits directly in a
magnetic field. When it moves in response to sound, the ribbon generates a corresponding voltage that is the
mic's output signal.
Condenser mics suspend an ultra-thin membrane above a stationary, electrically charged backplate. Thanks to
the electrical principle of capacitance, any movement of the diaphragm causes a small change in voltage. This
tiny signal is then amplified inside the mic body to become the mic signal. Because condenser mics have on-
board amplifiers, they require a source of power. The most common way to power condenser mics is with
phantom power, a voltage sent down a standard mic cable by a preamplifier or mixer. It's important to note that
applying phantom power to a ribbon mic will often destroy the ribbon, and likewise may harm some dynamic
mics.
The condenser mic class splits further, based on the size of the diaphragm used to pick up sound. Small-
diaphragm condenser mics use diaphragms less than 1/2-inch in diameter. Large-diaphragm condensers
frequently boast diaphragms an inch or more in diameter. Diaphragm size affects many aspects of mic
performance, including frequency response, directivity, sensitivity and overall sonic character.
Finally, mics differ in their pickup patterns--this describes how a microphone responds to sound coming from
all sides (see figure 1). If a mic picks up all sounds equally, it's a non-directional or "omnidirectional" design.
More common are mics most sensitive to sounds coming from a heart-shaped area directly in front of them,
which describes the "cardioid" pattern. Other patterns include bi-directional (most sensitive to sounds coming
from directly in front and behind), supercardioid and hypercardioid. The latter two are more-directional
versions of the standard cardioid.
42
A bi-directional pattern is impractical to create in a dynamic design, which explains why most dynamic mics are either omni or some form
of cardioid. Ribbon mics are bi-directional by default, though some ribbon mics are available in a cardioid pattern. Condenser mics cover
the whole gamut of directional patterns, and many large-diaphragm condenser mics offer a selection of pickup patterns from omni to
cardioid to bi-directional.
Choosing the Right Mic
With all these mic types to choose from, it can seem like an overwhelming task to pick the right one for a given instrument or voice. To
make matters even trickier, a given type of mic won't always excel in certain applications. Thankfully, there are many time-proven
guidelines that can help narrow down your choices. Experimentation is also an important part of the process - the only rule of mic
selection is that there are no rules. You should try everything.
One of the first steps in choosing a mic is to listen to the sound itself. Listen for characteristics of the instrument or voice that you wish to
accentuate, as well as those that are better subdued. The right mic will capture the most flattering recording, making the sound seem "better
than life." Even if your goal is capturing a sound with complete accuracy and no enhancement, you'll need to have a good picture in your
mind of what the voice or instrument really sounds like.
Choosing the microphone type is a good next step. Dynamic, condenser and ribbon mics often have specific performance characteristics
unique to their mic type. Dynamic mics tend to be the most rugged, making them a good choice when a mic must stand in harm's way.
Most dynamics also handle extremely loud sounds without distortion. Ribbon mics are the most fragile, and tend to distort easily as sounds
get louder and lower in frequency. A wayward puff of air or wind can tear a ribbon from its mount, requiring an expensive repair to fix.
Modern condenser designs are generally much sturdier than ribbon mics, but still aren't as tough as most dynamics.
Sonically, condenser mics tend to have the most open, accurate sound with the most extended high-frequency response. This is because
most condenser diaphragms are extremely light and thin, making them capable of responding accurately to subtle, delicate changes in air
pressure. Dynamic mics have a much heavier diaphragm assembly, which limits the speed at which they can respond to sound. This makes
dynamic mics tend toward a more "compressed" sound, with reduced transients and less high-frequency detail. Ribbon mics generally fall
somewhere between condensers and dynamics, and are often considered to have a smoother, mellower sound than the other mic types. As
with all aspects of mic performance, however, certain mics will fall well outside these gross generalizations. The only way to know how a
mic will perform is to listen to it.
Pickup pattern is another key element of mic performance. Directional mics are used to reduce the amount of ambient sound and room
reverb that ends up in a recording, as well as stray sound from other instruments. Omnidirectional mics pick up a higher ratio of ambient
sound, which may be appropriate in good-sounding rooms. Bi-directional mics are useful when recording two instruments or vocalists--
placed on opposite sides of the microphone, both performers can enjoy the sonic benefits of being "on-mic." You'll want to choose a mic's
pickup pattern based on the environment the instrument or voice is being recorded in.
Finally, the individual sonic character of the mic comes into play. The goal is to choose a mic whose unique sound complements the
instrument or voice you're recording. Whether dark or bright, fat or thin, up-front or mellow, there's a mic out there that's a perfect match
for every sound source. It's up to you to find it.
Microphone Placement
Where you place a mic (or mics) is nearly as important to the quality of a recording as the mic itself. Finding the right distance and
location depends on the specific sound of the voice or instrument, as well as the characteristics of the recording space. Again,
experimentation is key.
43
Miking distance works in concert with directional pattern to affect the amount of ambient sound recorded.
Moving a mic closer to a sound source makes it louder in relation to competing sounds. To the listener,
this reduction of ambient sound makes the instrument or voice appear to be closer. Pulling the mic back
and allowing it to record more ambient sound will appear to push the sound back from the plane of the
speakers. In other words, mic placement has a direct effect on the perceived location of the sound on
playback. Though you can simulate this effect with artificial ambience, the results are rarely as convincing
as those achieved by varied microphone placement.
When it comes to mic distance, there are potential problems at both extremes. Place a mic too close, and it
may pick up only one aspect of a sound's character. Most directional mics also experience proximity
effect, which causes a buildup in bass frequencies when placed within about 18 inches of the sound
source. A low-cut filter or low-frequency equalization (both of which are found in the Gold Channel) can
help compensate for excessive proximity effect. Up-close mic placement can also accentuate dynamics
and transient peaks, making the sound a challenge to properly record and mix. When close mic placement
is a must, the Gold Channel's compression circuit can help tame excessive peaks.
Placing a mic too far from the instrument or voice can make for a distant, unexciting sound. Rooms with
poor acoustics will show up loud and clear on a distant mic, as will unwanted sounds and noises. High
frequencies and subtle details tend to decrease quickly with distance, giving distant miking a somewhat
duller sound than up-close miking. For most popular music recording of a single instrument, miking
distances of eight inches to three feet are most common.
Apart from miking distance, the orientation of mic to instrument or voice can have a significant impact on
the sound. Since high and low frequencies spread out from a sound source differently, various locations
around an instrument will deliver dramatically different sound. Likewise, various spots in a room will
have a different mix of frequencies due to the way sound careens around between walls, ceiling and floor.
Sometimes, moving a microphone just a few inches can alter the character of the sound considerably. The
closer the mic is, the more dramatic the resulting change. Finding a voice or instrument's "sweet spot"
takes some time, but is well worth the effort.
Stereo Recording
Stereo recording uses two microphones to record a more pronounced sense of spaciousness and ambience
than is possible with a single mic. Stereo recording can make a single instrument seem to spread from one
speaker to the other, or it can capture the sound of an ensemble with a great degree of realism.
Though variations abound, there are three common miking arrangements used to capture stereo sound (see
figure 2). The simplest is the spaced pair, which places two directional or omnidirectional mics anywhere
from 12 inches to several feet apart in front of the sound source. Spaced pair recordings capture a rich, full
ambient sound.
A related approach is coincident pair or "X-Y" recording. This approach places two directional mics at
roughly a 90-degree angle to one another, with their heads nearly touching. Though not quite as lush as
spaced pair stereo, this method offers good sound localization and better compatibility for mono playback.
A matched pair of mics is important for both spaced pair and X-Y miking setups, as is identical signal
processing of the two channels. The Gold Channel's stereo link mode makes it well-suited to X-Y and
spaced pair stereo recording, as changes in one channel will be performed identically on the other.
44
The third common stereo miking approach is mid-side or "M/S." M/S miking uses a forward-facing directional mic and a side-facing bi-
directional mic. M/S recording offers very good stereo imaging with the added benefit of excellent mono compatibility. Through some
electronic processing: M/S-encoding and decoding, the two mic signals can be combined to create a stereo signal either before recording or
on playback. The Gold Channel offers M/S encoding and decoding at its input and output.
The Gold Channel
The TC Electronic Gold Channel offers a wealth of power to amplify and process microphone signals. This power can be used to further
enhance a great-sounding mic signal, or it can be used to correct a not-so-great sound. Your job is to give the Gold Channel the best-
possible sound to work with, which is where good mic technique comes into play. Remember - mic selection and placement isn't just
another step in the recording process.
It's where great recordings begin.
For more information about microphone techniques and technology, check out "The Home Studio Guide to Microphones" by Loren
Alldrin. Written in a non-technical, easy-to-read style, this book has one simple goal: to help you make great recordings with any
microphone. Call Mix Bookshelf at 800-543-7771 for ordering information.
45

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USERS MANUAL

TC Electronic, Sindalsvej 34, DK-8240 Risskov - [email protected] Rev 1.3 - SW - V 1.03

Bruce Botnick - June 1998

The Gold Channel is carefully designed to make perfect

About this Manual

Gold Channel features:

- Two channels of high-end mic-preamplification. - A Dynamic EQ which is a De-esser with additional

POWER CHANNEL 1 AND 2

FUNCTIONS < > MENU KEYS

Pin 2 is “Hot” on all XLR’s (IEC and AES standards).

Balanced XLR-XLR cables:

Post recording setup

Select Insert Send and

Input Source Signal is present on all

“Gain” page selected

Use the Auto Gain Set

When grayed out, Digital

“Level” page selected

Analog output levels

When grayed out, analog Master output levels

Adjusting the levels Analog output levels

Digital input levels

Master output levels

Recall page selected

Exercise 1: How to Recall a preset

Press the Programs key PROGRAMS

Press the Enter key ENTER

“Store” page selected

User or Card bank number

New preset name The Letterbox:

Deletes the present cursor position When the typing is finished, go to

The Store function

Press the Programs

Use the <> menu keys

Setting up the processing blocks

“Routing” page selected

Dial the Parameter

Shows you Sub-algorithm type Empty block positions

About the Routing display The Sub-algorithms

Columns and Blocks

“Edit” page selected

Place the cursor on IN

The INSERT block

The Blocks SIDECHAIN

When placed on Ch. 1, you can select the Sidechain Input to

Enter User Data page

The User data page

Type your name here

and your phone number

How to enter the Reset Menu Recall Setup

Technical Specifications are subject

Function Transmitted Recognized Remarks

You cannot turn the power off.

No sound through the Gold Channel