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    Technique To Improve Small Hole Cut Quality On Carbon Steel With CNC Plasma System

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    Lim
    There are several potential imperfections that can occur with laser-drilled holes in metals, including recast layers, large heat-affected zones, micro-cracks, taper, and debris build-up. Recast layers form from resolidified vaporized or molten material and can negatively impact hole geometry, size accuracy, and thermal stresses. Parameters like short pulses at high intensity and using a processing gas can help minimize recasting by promoting evaporation over molten ejection. Large heat-affected zones and micro-cracks can be reduced in a similar manner by limiting heating and thermal stresses. Taper variation in hole diameter along its depth occurs more in deeper holes and can be lessened using long focal lengths and short

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    Technique To Improve Small Hole Cut Quality On Carbon Steel With CNC Plasma System

    Uploaded by

    Lim
    28 views1 page
    There are several potential imperfections that can occur with laser-drilled holes in metals, including recast layers, large heat-affected zones, micro-cracks, taper, and debris build-up. Recast layers form from resolidified vaporized or molten material and can negatively impact hole geometry, size accuracy, and thermal stresses. Parameters like short pulses at high intensity and using a processing gas can help minimize recasting by promoting evaporation over molten ejection. Large heat-affected zones and micro-cracks can be reduced in a similar manner by limiting heating and thermal stresses. Taper variation in hole diameter along its depth occurs more in deeper holes and can be lessened using long focal lengths and short

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    Thermal cutting bolt holes

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    Technique to Improve Small Hole Cut Quality on Carbon Steel With CNC Plasma System

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    There are several potential imperfections that can occur with laser-drilled holes in metals, including recast layers, large heat-affected zones, micro-cracks, taper, and debris build-up. Recast layers form from resolidified vaporized or molten material and can negatively impact hole geometry, size accuracy, and thermal stresses. Parameters like short pulses at high intensity and using a processing gas can help minimize recasting by promoting evaporation over molten ejection. Large heat-affected zones and micro-cracks can be reduced in a similar manner by limiting heating and thermal stresses. Taper variation in hole diameter along its depth occurs more in deeper holes and can be lessened using long focal lengths and short

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    28 views1 page

    Technique To Improve Small Hole Cut Quality On Carbon Steel With CNC Plasma System

    Uploaded by

    Lim
    There are several potential imperfections that can occur with laser-drilled holes in metals, including recast layers, large heat-affected zones, micro-cracks, taper, and debris build-up. Recast layers form from resolidified vaporized or molten material and can negatively impact hole geometry, size accuracy, and thermal stresses. Parameters like short pulses at high intensity and using a processing gas can help minimize recasting by promoting evaporation over molten ejection. Large heat-affected zones and micro-cracks can be reduced in a similar manner by limiting heating and thermal stresses. Taper variation in hole diameter along its depth occurs more in deeper holes and can be lessened using long focal lengths and short

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 1

    What imperfections may laser drilled holes be

    prone to?
    Frequently Asked Questions
    There are a number of imperfections which laser-drilled holes in metals can exhibit. The main ones
    associated with pyrolytic drilling (i.e. via melting and/or vaporisation) are discussed below, together with
    possible means for preventing or minimising them.

    Recast
    During drilling, a recast layer can form on the inside walls of the hole. This layer is formed by re-
    solidification of vaporised or molten material on the walls of the hole, and it is in general not evenly
    distributed along the hole circumference and depth. Detrimental effects of the recast layer are decreased
    accuracy and repeatability of the hole size and geometry, changes in flow characteristics (important in for
    example spray nozzles and cooling holes for aero-engine components), and increased heat affected zone
    (HAZ) width and thermal stresses, which can lead to micro-cracking (see below). The occurence of
    coarse recast is particularly associated with melt expulsion during percussion drilling.

    To minimise the recast layer thickness, parameters should be chosen that allow the material to be expelled
    from the hole effectively. This in general means short pulses at high intensity, which changes the material
    removal mechanism from molten ejection to an evaporation dominated process. The use of a suitable
    process gas may also be beneficial.

    Large HAZ width


    The HAZ results from heat conduction into the material directly adjacent to the hole. As the HAZ will
    generally have properties worse than those of the parent material (e.g. because of grain growth or
    precipitation/segregation), it should be kept as small as possible. The HAZ can be minimised by using
    short pulses and low repetition rates (limiting the heating of the component), and by evaporation
    dominated material removal rather than molten ejection.

    Micro-cracks
    Micro-cracks result from excessive thermal stresses, and are more likely to occur when a thick recast
    layer is present. Micro-cracks may be confined to the recast layer, but can also extend well into the parent
    material. Means of minimising the likelihood of micro-cracks are similar to those for minimising the
    recast layer and HAZ thickness (see above).

    Taper
    Taper (variation in hole diameter, along its depth) results from the choice of focus position, as well as
    erosion by ejected material, and therefore tends to be more prevalent in deeper holes. Taper can be
    present at both the entrance and exit of the hole. Although for some applications taper can be tolerated or
    even beneficial, it is unwanted in most cases. Taper is, in general, less when long focal length lenses (and
    thus longer focal depths) and shorter pulses are used. The position of the focal point is of paramount
    importance: with the focal point at the workpiece surface, cylindrical holes are drilled, whereas with the
    focal point above or below the surface, tapered and conical holes are drilled.

    Debris build-up
    Material can build up at the entrance and exit of the hole, reducing repeatability and flow characteristics
    and roughening the surface. It generally results from the same mechanisms as recast, and thus the means
    of prevention are similar.

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