12/13/2016

ClassIX:Chapter4(Climate)Question&Answer

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26 November, 2014

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Class IX: Chapter 4

(Climate) Question &
Answer
Answerthefollowingquestionsbriefly
Q1.Whatarethecontrolsaffectingtheclimate
ofIndia?
Ans:Latitude,AltitudeandPressure&Windsare
themaincontrolsaffectingtheclimateofIndia.
Q2. Why does India have a monsoon type of
climate?
Ans: In India we find monsoon type of climate,
following are the factors responsible for these
monsoons:
(a) The differential heating and cooling of land
andwater.
(b) The shift of the position of Inter Tropical
ConvergenceZone(ITCZ).
(c) Presence of high pressure in the east of
Madagascar.
(d) The Tibetan plateau gets intensely heated
duringsummers.
(e)Movementofwesterlyjetstreamstothenorth
ofHimalayasandthepresenceoftropical
Q3. Which part of India does experience the
highestdiurnalrangeoftemperatureandwhy?
Ans: Diurnal range of temperature is the
difference between maximum and minimum
temperatureofaday.Diurnalrangeoftemperature
is high in the deserts like Rajasthan, Thar Desert
andinteriorpartsofRannofKutch.Inthesesandy
areasthedaytemperaturemayraiseupto50oCand
by night the temperature drops down to nearly
freezing point. This happens because during the

Author : Subhash Kumar Nirman

MA (Geo), MA (Eng), B.Ed.,
MBA (HR), GNIIT
Ex. Georgian (Military School Bangalore)
King George Royal Indian Military College Bangalore
Email Id : [email protected]

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ClassIX:Chapter4(Climate)Question&Answer

day time, sand absorbs heat very fast and at the

sametimelosesheatveryfastatnight.
Q4.Whichwindsaccountforrainfallalongthe
Malabarcoast?
Ans: Monsoon winds are accountable for rainfall
alongtheMalabarcoast.
Q5. What are Jet streams and how do they
affecttheclimateofIndia?
Ans: Fast flowing and narrow air currents are
called jet streams. The streams flow at high
altitudes (about 12,000 feet) in the troposphere.
The westerly jet streams are responsible for
western cyclonic disturbances in the north and
northwestern parts of India. The subtropical
westerlyjetstreammovesnorthoftheHimalayas
with the apparent movement of the sun. The
tropical jet stream (an easterly jet stream) blows
overtheIndianPeninsulaapproximatelyover14
northduringthesummermonths.
These jet streams are amongst one of the major
factorsindeterminingthemovementofmonsoons
windstowardsIndiasubcontinent.
Q6.Definemonsoons.Whatdoyouunderstand
by"break"inmonsoon?
Ans: The seasonal reversal in wind direction
duringayeariscalledmonsoon.Monsoontendsto
have 'breaks' in rainfall which means that there
are wet and dry spells in between. The monsoon
rainstakeplaceonlyforafewdaysatatimeand
thencometherainlessintervals.
Q7.Whythemonsoonisconsideredaunifying
bond?
Ans: Although there are wide variations in
weatherpatternsacrossIndia,themonsoonbrings
some unifying influences on India. Following are
fewofthereasonswhythemonsoonisconsidered
asaunifyingbondinIndia:
(a) The Indian landscape, its flora and fauna, etc.
arehighlyinfluencedbythemonsoon.
(b) The entire agricultural calendar in India is
governedbythemonsoon.
(c) Most of the festivals in India are related to
agricultural cycle. These festivals may be known
bydifferentnamesindifferentpartsofthecountry,
buttheircelebrationisdecidedbythemonsoon.
(d)Itisalsosaidthattherivervalleyswhichcarry
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ClassIX:Chapter4(Climate)Question&Answer

the rainwater also unite as a single river valley

unit.
Q8. Why does the rainfall decrease from the
easttothewestinNorthernIndia?
Ans: The Bay of Bengal branch of the monsoon
winds moves towards northeast and return
westwards covering the northern plains. While
they move towards west, their moisture contains
tends to reduce with subsequent rains. Hence the
rainfall decreases from east to west in northern
India.

Givereasonsastowhy.
Q9. Seasonal reversal of wind direction takes
placeovertheIndiansubcontinent?
Ans:Seasonalreversalofwinddirectionoverthe
Indian subcontinent takes place due to pressure
differential.ElNinohasmajorroletoplayinthe
seasonalreversalofwinddirectionovertheIndian
subcontinent.
Q10. The bulk of rainfall in India is
concentratedoverafewmonths.
Ans: The monsoon begins from the first week of
June and advances quite rapidly to cover almost
thewholecountrybymidJuly.Hence,thebulkof
rainfallinIndiaisconcentratedoverthemonthsof
afewmonthsmainlyJunetoAugust.
Q11. The Tamil Nadu coast receives winter
rainfall.
Ans:TheTamiNaducoastreceiveswinterrainfall
because of movement of lowpressure conditions
totheBayofBengal.
Q12. The delta region of the eastern coast is
frequentlystruckbycyclones.
Ans: The Bay of Bengal is the centre of various
pressure changes and hence there is always a
chanceofdevelopmentofcyclone.Duetothis,the
delta region of the eastern coast is frequently
struckbycyclones.
Q13. Parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat and the
leewardsideoftheWesternGhatsaredrought
prone.
Ans:Thepartsfallintherainshadowareaofthe
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ClassIX:Chapter4(Climate)Question&Answer

Aravalli.Hence,theyaredroughtproneanddon't
receivemuchofrainfall.
Q14. Describe the regional variations in the
climatic conditions of India with the help of
suitableexamples.
Ans: There is regional variation in the climatic
conditionsofIndia.TemperatureandPrecipitation
varyfromplacetoplaceandseasontoseason.
(a)Insummersthetemperaturerisesupto50Cin
partsofRajasthan,whereasitmaybearound20C
inPahalgaminKashmir.
(b) In winters night temperature in Drass in
Kashmir may be minus 45C, whereas in
Tiruvanantapuram in Kerala may have a
temperatureof20C.
(c) In Andaman Islands the difference between
dayandnighttemperaturemaybehardly78C.
(d) Coastal areas experience less contrast in the
temperature, whereas seasonal contrasts are more
intheinteriorofthecountry.
(e)Thereisdecreaseinrainfallgenerallyfromeast
towestinthenorthernplains.
(f) Most part of India get rainfall from June
September, whereas Coromandel Coast gets
rainfallinwinterseason.
Q15.Discussthemechanismofmonsoons.
Ans:Followingarethefactorsresponsibleforthe
mechanismofmonsoon:
(a)TheSuncausesdifferentialheatingandcooling
oflandandwater.Thiscreateslowpressureonthe
landmass of India and high pressure over the
oceansurface.
(b) The Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
isnormallypositionedabout5Noftheequator.It
shifts over the Ganga plains during summer. It is
also known as the monsoon trough during the
monsoonseason.
(c) The high pressure area, east of Madagascar is
approximately 20S over the Indian Ocean. This
areaaffectstheIndianMonsoon.
(d) The Tibetan plateau gets intensely heated
during summer. This results in strong vertical air
currents and formation of high pressure over the
plateau. This high pressure zone is about 9 km
abovethesealevel.
(e) The westerly jet stream move to the north of
theHimalayas,andthetropicaleasterlyjetstream
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ClassIX:Chapter4(Climate)Question&Answer

movesovertheIndianPeninsuladuringsummer.
(f) The periodic change in pressure conditions
between Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean that
is known as the Southern Oscillation or SO also
affectsthemonsoon.
(g) The difference in pressure over Tahiti and
Darwiniscomputedtopredicttheintensityofthe
monsoons.Tahiti(18S/149W)liesinthePacific
Ocean and Darwin (1230'S/131E) lies in
northern Australia. If the pressure differences are
negative, it means a below average and late
monsoon.
Q16. Give an account of weather conditions
andcharacteristicsofthecoldseason.
Ans:Followingarethefeaturesofthecoldseason:
(a)ThewinterseasonbeginsfrommidNovember
andtillFebruaryinnorthernIndia.
(b)DecemberandJanuaryarethecoldestmonths
inthenorthernpartofIndia.
(c) The temperature ranges between 1015C in
the northern plains, while it ranges between
2425CinChennai.
(d) The northeast trade winds prevail over the
countryinthisseason.Asthesewindsblowfrom
landtosea,mostpartsofthecountryexperiencea
dryseason.
(e) The weather is usually marked by clear sky,
low temperatures and low humidity and weak
variablewinds.
(f) The inflow of the cyclonic disturbances from
the west and the northwest is a characteristic
feature of the cold weather over the northern
plains.
(g)Theselowpressuresystemsoriginateoverthe
Mediterranean Sea and Western Asia and move
intoIndia.Theycausewinterrainsovertheplains
andsnowfallinthemountains.
(h) The winter rainfall is in small amount but is
very important for the rabi crop. This rainfall is
locallyknownasmahawat.
(i) The peninsular region does not get a well
defined winter because of the moderating
influenceofthesea.
Q17.Givethecharacteristicsandeffectsofthe
monsoonrainfallinIndia.
Ans:
Characteristics of the monsoon rainfall in
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ClassIX:Chapter4(Climate)Question&Answer

India:
(a) The duration of the monsoon varies from 100
to120daysfromearlyJunetomidSeptember.
(b) Around the time of its arrival, the normal
rainfallincreasesuddenly and continues regularly
for several days. This is called the 'burst' of the
monsoon.
(c) They are distinguished from the premonsoon
showers because of their increase in rainfall
amountandregularity.
(d)Themonsoonarrivesatthesoutherntipofthe
Indian Peninsular generally by the first week of
June.
(e) The rainfall is unevenly distributed across the
country.
EffectsofthemonsoonrainfallinIndia:
(a)AgricultureinIndialargelydependsonIndian
monsoonsforwater.Late,Loworexcessiverains
haveanegativeimpactuponcrops.
(b) Due to uneven distribution of rainfall across
the country, there are few places that are drought
proneandfewarefloodaffected.
(c) The monsoon provides India with a diverse
climaticpattern.Hence,inspiteofthepresenceof
great regional variations, it has a unifying
influenceuponthecountryanditspeople.

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ClassIX:Chapter4(Climate)Question&Answer

xXx

Comments
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ClassIX:Chapter4(Climate)Question&Answer

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2015
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nice one

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Please give more questions

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2015
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ClassIX:Chapter4(Climate)Question&Answer

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ClassIX:Chapter4(Climate)Question&Answer

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ClassIX:Chapter4(Climate)Question&Answer

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ClassIX:Chapter4(Climate)Question&Answer

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ClassIX:Chapter4(Climate)Question&Answer

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ClassIX:Chapter4(Climate)Question&Answer

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ClassIX:Chapter4(Climate)Question&Answer

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ClassIX:Chapter4(Climate)Question&Answer

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ClassIX:Chapter4(Climate)Question&Answer

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Thanks Dev for the correction...all the
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