POWER AND INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING

INTRUCTION: Solve the following very important problems.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Determine the atmospheric pressure at a location where the

barometric reading is 740 mm Hg and gravitational acceleration is g =
9.7 m/s2. Assume the temperature of mercury to be 10C at which the
density is 13,570 kg/m 3.
A.
99.45 kPa
C. 97.41 kPa*
B.
95.44 kPa
D. 98.66 kPa
The barometer of a mountain hiker reads 930 mbars at the beginning
of a hiking trip and 780 mbars at the end. Neglecting the effect of
altitude on local gravitational acceleration, determine the vertical
distance climbed. Assume g = 9.7 m/s2, SG = 1.2.
A. 1274.21 m
C. 1289.00 m*
B. 1267.34 m
D. 1583.34 m
A 4m3/hr pump delivers water to a pressure tank. At the start, the gage
reads 138 kPa until it reads 276 kPa and then the pump was shut off.
The volume of the tank is 180 L. At 276 kPa the water occupied 2/3 of
the tank volume. Determine the volume of water that can be taken out
until the gage reads 138 kPa.
A. 31.20 L
C. 34.59 L*
B. 16.87 L
D. 29.50 L
Determine the air-standard efficiency of an engine operating on the
diesel cycle with clearance of 6% when the suction pressure is 99.97
kPa and the fuel is injected for 7% of the stroke. Assume k = 1.4.
A.
62.11%*
C. 73.58%
B.
51.20%
D. 60.02%
Mixture with 70% quality at 500 kPa is heated isothermally until its
pressure is 300 kPa. Find the heat added during the process.
At 500 kPa:
sf = 1.8607, sfg = 4.9606
At 300 kPa amd 151.86C: s = 7.0888kJ/kg-K
A. 745.92 kJ/kg*
C. 983.44 kJ/kg
B. 535.16 kJ/kg
D. 765.34 kJ/kg
Steam leaves an industrial boiler at 827.4 kPa and 171.6C. A portion
of the steam is passed through a throttling calorimeter and is
exhausted to the atmosphere when the calorimeter pressure is 101.4
kPa. How much moisture does the steam leaving the boiler contain if
the temperature of the steam at the calorimeter is 115.6C?
At 827.4 kPA (171.6C):
hf = 727.25 kJ/kg, hfg = 2043.2 kJ/kg
At 101.4 kPa and 115.6C: h2 = 2707.6 kJ/kg
A.
3.78%
C. 4.56%
B.
3.08%*
D. 2.34%
A throttling calorimeter is connected to the desuperheated steam line
supplying steam to the auxiliary feed pump on a ship. The line pressure
measures 2.5 MPa. The calorimeter pressure is 110 kPa and 156C.
determine the entropy of the steam line.
At 110 kPa and 150C:
h2 = 2775.6 kJ/kg
At 2.5 MPa:
hf = 962.11 kJ/kg, hfg = 1841 kJ/kg; sf = 2.5547
kJ/kg-K, sfg = 3.7028 kJ/kg-K.
A.
6.8 kJ/kg-K
C. 6.6 kJ/kg-K
B.
6.2 kJ/kg-K*
D. 7.5 kJ/kg-K

8.

Atmospheric pressure boils at 212F. At the vacuum pressure at 24 in

Hg, the temperature is 142F. Find the boiling temperature when the
pressure is increased by 40 psia from atmospheric.
A.
449.42F*
C. 526.34F
B.
479.13F
D. 263.45F

9.

A logging firm in Isabella operates a Diesel Electric Plant to supply its

electric energy requirements. During a 24 hr period, the plant
consumed 250 galloons of fuel at 80F and produced 2900 kW-hrs.
Industrial fuel used is 30API and was purchased at P30.00 per liter at
60F. Determine the overall efficiency of the plant.
A.
26.08%
C. 34.23%
B.
28.00%*
D. 18.46%

10.

11.

12.

A diesel electric plant supplies energy for Meralco. During a 24-hour

period, the plant consumed 240 gallons of fuel at 280C and produced
3930 KW-hr. Industrial fuel used is 280API and was purchased at P30
per liter at 15.60C. What is the cost of fuel be to produce one KW-hr?
A.
P6.87 *
C. P41.07
B.
P1.10
D. P5.00
A superheat steam rankine cycle has turbine inlet conditions of 17.5
MPa and 530C expands in a turbine to 0.007 MPa. The turbine and
pump polytropic efficiencies are 0.85 and 0.75, respectively, pressure
losses between the turbine inlet are 1.5 MPa. What should be the pump
work in kJ/kg?
A.
17.34
C. 27.32
B.
25.32*
D. 47.33
The specific speed of turbine is 85 rpm and running at 450 rpm. If the
head is 20 m and generator efficiency is 90%, what is the maximum
power delivered by the generator.
A.
450.51 KW
C. 650.53 KW
B.
354.52 KW
D. 835.57 KW *

13.

In Francis turbine, the pressure gage leading to the turbine casing

reads 380 Kpa. The velocity of water entering the turbine is 8 m/sec,
if net head of the turbine is 45 m, find the distance from center of
spiral casing to the tailrace.
A.
3.0 m
*
C.4.0 m
B.
3.5 m
D.4.5 m

14.

A Pelton type turbine has 25 m head friction loss of 4.5 m. The

coefficient of friction head loss(from Morse) is 0.00093 and penstock
length of 80 m. What is the penstock diameter?
A.
1,355.73 mm *
C.6771.23 mm
B.
3,476.12 mm
D.1686.73 mm

15.

In an 9,000 KW hydro-electric plant the over-all efficiency is 88% and

the actual power received by the customer is 110,000 KW-hrs for that
day. What is the secondary power could this plant deliver during the
entire day?
A.
58,960 KW-hrs
C.65,960 KW-hrs
B.
80,080 KW-hrs *
D.70,960 KW-hrs

16.

A Pelton type turbine was installed 30m below the head gate of the
penstock. The head loss due to friction is 12 percent of the given
elevation. The length of penstock is 100 m and coefficient of friction is
0.00093. Determine the power output in KW. (Use Morse equation)
A.
22,273
C.32,345
B.
23,234
D.34,452 *

17.

Water flows steadily with a velocity of 3.05 m/s in as horizontal pipe

having a diameter of 25.24 cm. At one section of the pipe, the
temperature and pressure of the water are 210C and 689.3 Kpa;
respectively. At a distance of 304.8 m downstream, the pressure is
516.9 Kpa. What is the friction factor?
A.
0.134
C. 0.0307 *
B.
0.0050
D. 0.641

18.

The initial condition of air compressor is 98 kPa and 27C and

discharges at 450 kPa. The bore and stroke are 355 mm and 381 mm,
respectively with percent clearance of 8% running at 300 rpm. Find
the volume of air at suction.
A.
541.62 m3/hr
C. 551.62 m3/hr
B.
561.62 m3/hr
D. 571.62 m3/hr *

19.

A single acting air compressor has a volumetric efficiency of 89%,

operates at 500 rpm. It takes in air at 100 Kpa and
300C and
discharges it at 600 Kpa. The air handled is 8 m3/min measured at
discharge condition. If compression is isentropic, find mean effective
pressure in Kpa
A.
233.34 *
C.198.34
B.
973.17
D.204.82

20.

A double suction centrifugal pumps delivers 20 ft3/sec of water at a

head of 12 m and running at 650 rpm. What is the specific speed of
the pump?
A.
5014.12 rpm
C.2770.73 rpm *
B.
6453.12 rpm
D.9968.73 rpm

21.

Determine the number of stages needed for a centrifugal pump if it is

used to deliver 400 ga/min of water and pump power of 15 Hp. Each
impeller develops a head of 30 ft.
A.
6
C.5 *
B.
7
D.4

22.

A water cooler uses 50 lb/hr of melting ice to cool running water from
800F to 420F. Based on the inside coil area, U1 = 110 Btu/hr-ft2-F.
Find the gpm of water cooled.
A.
0.10 GPM
C.0.38 GPM *
B.
0.21 GPM
D.0.45 GPM

23.

The gain of entropy during isothermal nonflow process of 5 lb of air at

600F is 0.462 Btu/R. Find the V1/V2.
A.
3.85
C.1.0
B.
0.296
D.0.259 *

24.

A rigid container is closed at one end and measures 8 in diameter by

12 in long. The container is held vertically and is slowly move
downward until the pressure in the container is 17 psia. What will be
the depth of the top of the container from the free water surface?
A.
40.36 in
C. 63.69 in*
B.
59.29 in
D. 69.82 in

25.

The type of flow occupying in a 1 cm diameter pipe which water flows

at a velocity of 2.50 m/s. Use v = 1.13 x 10-6 m2/s of water.
A.
turbulent *
C.laminar
B.
constant
D.none of these

26.

Water flowing at the rate of 10 m/s from an orifice at bottom of a

reservoir. Find the pressure at the bottom of reservoir.
A.
30 kpag
C.50 kpag *
B.
60 kpag
D.40 kpag

27.

A 75 hp motor that has an efficiency of 91% is worn out and is replaced

by a high-efficiency motor that has an efficiency of 95.4%. Determine

POWER AND INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING

the reduction in heat gain of the room due to higher efficiency under
full-load conditions.
A.
2.24 KW
C.2.64 KW
B.
2.44 KW *
D.2.84 KW
28.

A heat source ay 800 deg K losses 2000 of heat to a sink at 500 deg
K. Determine the entropy generated during this process.
A.
1.5 KJ/K *
C.-2.5 KJ/K
B.
2.5 KJ/K
D.4 KJ/K

29.

Consider a large furnace that can supply heat at a temperature of 2000

deg R at a steady rate of 3000 Btu/s. Determine the energy. Assume
an environment temperature of 77 deg F.
A.
2305.19 KW
C.2325.19 KW
B.
2315.19 KW *
D.2335.19 KW

30.

A heat engine receives hat from a source at 1200 deg K at a rate of

500 KJ/s and rejects the waste heat to a medium at 300 deg K. The
power output of the heat engine is 180 KW. Determine the
irreversibility rate for this process.
A.
190 KW
C.200 KW
B.
195 KW *
D.205 KW

31.

A dealer advertises that he has just received a shipment of electric

resistance heaters for residential buildings that have an efficiency of
100 percent. Assuming an indoor temperature of 21 deg C and outdoor
temperature of 10 deg C, determine the second law efficiency of these
heaters.
A.
8.74%
C.3.74% *
B.
6.74%
D.4.74%

32.

A thermal power plant has a heat rate of 11,363 Btu/KW-hr. Find the
thermal efficiency of the plant.
A.
34%
C.26%
B.
30% *
D.24%

33.

A rigid tank contains 2 kmol of N2 and 6 kmol of Co2 gases at 300 Deg
K and 115 Mpa. Find the tank volume using ideal gas equation.
A.
7.33 m3
C.3.33 m3
B.
5.33 m3
D.1.33 m3 *

34.

A spherical balloon with a diameter of 6 m is filled with helium at 20

deg C and 200 kpa. Determine the mole number.
A.
9.28 Kmol *
C.11.28 Kmol
B.
10.28 Kmol
D.13.28 Kmol

35.

The air in an automobile tire with a volume of 0.53 ft3 is at 90 deg F

and 20 psig. Determine the amount of air that must be added to raise
the pressure to the recommended value of 30 psig. Assume the
atmospheric pressure to be 14.7 psia and the temperature and the
volume to remain constant.
A.
0.026 lb *
C.0.066 lb
B.
0.046 lb
D.0.086 lb

36.

A rigid tank contains 20 lbm of air at 20 psia and 70 deg F. More air is
added to the tank until the pressure and temperature rise to 35 psia
and 90 deg F, respectively. Determine the amount of air added to the
tank.
A.
11.73 lb
C.15.73 lb
B.
13.73 lb *
D.17.73 lb

37.

A rigid tank contains 5 kg of an ideal gas at 4 atm and 40 deg C. Now

a valve is opened, and half of mass of the gas is allowed to escape. If
the final pressure in the tank is 1.5 atm, the final temperature in the
tank is:
A.
-38 deg C *
C.40 deg C
B.
-30 deg C
D.53 deg C

38.

The pressure of an automobile tire is measured to be 200 kpa(gage)

before the trip and 220 kpa(gage) after the trip at a location where the
atmospheric pressure is 90 kpa. If the temperature of the air in the tire
before the trip is 25 deg C, the air temperature after the trip is:
A.
45.6 deg C *
C.27.5 deg C
B.
54.8 deg C
D.26.7 deg C

39.

Water is boiling at 1 atm pressure in a stainless pan on an electric

range. It is observed that 2 kg of liquid water evaporates in 30 min.
The rate of heat transfer to the water is:
A.
2.97 KW
C.2.51 KW *
B.
0.47 KW
D.3.12 KW

40.

Consider a person standing in a breezy room at 20 deg C. Determine

the total rate transfer from this person of the exposed surface area
and the average outer surface temperature of the person are 1.6 m2
and 29 deg C, respectively, and the convection heat transfer coefficient
is 6 W/m2 with emissivity of 0.95.
A.
86.40 watts
C.198.1 watts
B.
81.70 watts
D.168.1 watts *

41.

Water is boiler in a pan on a stove at sea level. During 10 minutes of

boiling, it is observed that 200 grams of water has evaporated. Then
the rate of heat transfer to the water is:
A.
0.84 KJ/min
C.41.8 KJ/min

B.

45.1 KJ/min *

D.53.5 KJ/min

42.

An aluminum pan whose thermal conductivity is 237 W/m-C has a flat

bottom whose diameter is 20 cm and thickness0.4 cm. Heat is
transferred to boiling water in the pan through its bottom at a rate of
500 watts. If the inner surface of the bottom of the pan is 105 deg C,
determine the temperature of the surface of the bottom of the pan.
A.
95.27 deg C
C.115.27 deg C
B.
105.27 deg C *
D.125.27 deg C

43.

For heat transfer purposes, a standing man can be modeled as a 30

cm diameter, 170 cm long vertical cylinder with bottom both the top
and bottom surfaces insulated and with the side surface at an average
temperature of 34 deg C. For a convection heat transfer coefficient is
15 W/m2-C, determine the rate of the heat loss from this man by
convection in an environment at 20 deg C.
A.
316.46 watts
C.336.46 watts *
B.
326.46 watts
D.346.46 watts

44.

A 10 cm diameter spherical ball whose surface is maintained at a

temperature of 70 deg C is suspended in the middle of a room at 20
deg C. If the convection heat transfer coefficient is 15 W/m2-C and the
emissivity of the surface is 0.8, determine the total heat transfer form
the ball:
A.
23.56 watts
C.9.22 watts
B.
32.77 watts *
D.43.45 watts

45.

A frictionless piston-cylinder device and a rigid tank contain 1.2 kmol

of a ideal gas at the same temperature, pressure, and volume. Now
heat is transferred, and the temperature of both system is raised by
15 deg C. The amount of extra heat that must be supplied to the gas
in the cylinder that is maintained at constant pressure.
A.
0
C.100 KJ
B.
50 KJ
D.150 KJ *

46.

A supply of 50 kg chicken at 6 deg C contained in a box is to be frozen

to -18 deg C in a freezer. Determine the amount of heat that needs to
be removed. The latent heat of the chicken is 247 KJ/kg, and its
specific heat is 3.32 KJ/kg-C above freezing and 1.77 KJ/kg-C below
freezing. The container box is 1.5 kg, and the specific heat of the box
material is 1.4 KJ/kg-C. Also the freezing temperature of chicken is 2.8 deg C.
A.
15,206.4 KJ *
C.15,156 KJ
B.
50.4 KJ
D.1,863KJ

47.

A classroom that normally contains 40 people is to be air-conditioned

with window air-conditioning units of 5 KW cooling capacity. A person
at rest may be assumed to dissipate heat at a rate of about 360 KJ/hr.
These are 10 light bulbs in the room, each with a rating of 100 watts.
The rate of heat transfer to the classroom through the temperature of
21 deg C, determine the number of window air-conditioning units
required.
A.
1 unit
C.3 units
B.
2 units *
D.4 units

48.

A 4m x 5m x 6m room is to be heated by a baseboard resistance wear.

It is desired that the resistance heater be able to raise the air
temperature in the room from 7 to 23 deg c within 15 minutes.
Assuming no heat losses form the room and an atmospheric pressure
of 100 kpa, determine the required power of the resistance heater.
Assume constant specific heats at room temperature.
A.
2.34 KW
C.4.56 KW
B.
1.91 KW *
D.6.34 KW

49.

A student living in a 4 m x 6m x 6m dormitory room turns on her 150

watts fan before she leaves the room on a summer day, hoping that
the room will be cooler when she comes back in the evening. Assuming
all the doors and windows are tightly closed and disregarding any heat
transfer through the walls and the windows, determine the
temperature in the room when she comes back 10 hours later. Use
specific heat value at room temperature, and assume the room to be
at 100 kpa and 15 deg C in the morning when she leaves.
A.
28.13 deg C
C.48.13 deg C
B.
38.13 deg C
D.58.13 deg C *

50.

A piston-cylinder device whose piston is resisting on top of a set of

stops initially contains 0.50 kg of helium gas at 100 kpa and 25 deg C.
The mass of the piston is such that 500 kpa of pressure is required to
raise it. How much heat must be transferred to the helium before the
piston starts rising?
A.
1557.13 KJ
C.1757.13 KJ
B.
1657.13 KJ
D.1857.13 KJ *

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