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    RICE Table WKST KEY

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    Jonathan Zhang
    The document provides examples of setting up equilibrium expressions and RICE tables to solve for equilibrium concentrations of chemical species in chemical reactions. It gives the key steps and assumptions that can be made when appropriate based on the size of the equilibrium constant K. Sample problems are worked through ranging from simple to more complex chemical equilibria.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    RICE Table WKST KEY

    Uploaded by

    Jonathan Zhang
    382 views11 pages
    The document provides examples of setting up equilibrium expressions and RICE tables to solve for equilibrium concentrations of chemical species in chemical reactions. It gives the key steps and assumptions that can be made when appropriate based on the size of the equilibrium constant K. Sample problems are worked through ranging from simple to more complex chemical equilibria.

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    chemistry rice table

    Original Title

    RICE Table Wkst KEY

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    The document provides examples of setting up equilibrium expressions and RICE tables to solve for equilibrium concentrations of chemical species in chemical reactions. It gives the key steps and assumptions that can be made when appropriate based on the size of the equilibrium constant K. Sample problems are worked through ranging from simple to more complex chemical equilibria.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    382 views11 pages

    RICE Table WKST KEY

    Uploaded by

    Jonathan Zhang
    The document provides examples of setting up equilibrium expressions and RICE tables to solve for equilibrium concentrations of chemical species in chemical reactions. It gives the key steps and assumptions that can be made when appropriate based on the size of the equilibrium constant K. Sample problems are worked through ranging from simple to more complex chemical equilibria.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 11

    Department of Chemistry

    University of Texas at Austin

    Name:____________________

    Solving Rice Tables and Equilibria Problems Supplemental Worksheet

    KEY

    1. If the Kp for the following reaction is 2.4 x 10-9 and the initial concentration of CO2 is 2
    atm, what are the partial pressures of the substances at equilibrium? Hint: make necessary
    assumptions to solve.
    C (s) + CO2 (g) 2CO (g)
    R C +
    I --C --E ---

    CO2

    2 atm
    -x
    2-x

    2CO
    0 atm
    +2x
    2x
    ( )2
    (2 )
    (2)2
    9
    2.4 10 =
    (2 )
    =

    The small K (less than 1 x 10-3) tells us that the reactants will not change much so we can
    ignore x here!
    (2)2
    2.4 109 =
    (2 )
    4 2
    9
    2.4 10 =
    2
    2.4 109 = 2 2
    1.2 109 = 2
    3.5 105 =
    At equilibrium:
    PCO2 = 2-x 2 atm
    PCO = 2x = 6.9 x 10-5 atm

    Revised CR 1/8/14

    LaBrake & Vanden Bout 2014

    Department of Chemistry
    University of Texas at Austin

    Name:____________________

    2. Here is a general reaction with a K value of 2.8x10-7:


    A (aq) + B (aq) 2C(aq)
    Initially you are given 4M of substance A and 4M of substance B. Set-up an equilibrium
    expression to solve for the equilibrium concentrations of each substance. Hint: you can
    solve this one all the way through!
    R A +
    I 4M
    C -x
    E 4-x

    B
    4M
    -x
    4-x

    2C
    0M
    +2x
    2x

    []2
    [][]
    [2]2
    =
    [4 ][4 ]
    [2]2
    7
    2.8 10 =
    [4 ]2
    Now take the square root of everything!
    [2]
    5.29 104 =
    [4 ]
    4
    21.2 10 0.000529 = 2
    0.00212 2.000529 = 0
    = 0.00106
    =

    Here, x is so small compared to the initial concentrations of A and B that we could have
    ignored it, but it was fairly easy to solve for it.
    [A] = 4M - x = 4M - 0.00106 M = 3.99894 M 4M
    [B] = 4M - x = 4M - 0.00106 M = 3.99894 M 4M
    [C] = 2x = 0.00212 M

    Revised CR 1/8/14

    LaBrake & Vanden Bout 2014

    Department of Chemistry
    University of Texas at Austin

    Name:____________________

    3. Given the KC at 298K is 0.0059 for the following reaction and the initial concentration of
    N2O4 is 3.5M, set-up an equilibrium expression to solve for the equilibrium concentrations
    of the products and reactants. Hint: you will need a graphing calculator or program to solve
    fully, but you can make an assumption and still be approximately close. (Challenge: solve
    for Kp!)

    R
    I
    C
    E

    N2O4 (g)
    3.5M
    -x
    3.5M - x

    N2O4 (g) 2NO2 (g)


    2NO2 (g)
    0
    +2x
    2x
    [2 ]2
    =
    [2 4 ]
    [2]2
    0.0059 =
    [3.5 ]
    [2]2
    0.0059
    [3.5]

    *** Here we can assume that 3.5-x 3.5. Because K is less than one, the reaction favors the
    reactants AND furthermore, because 3.5 is a huge starting concentration, the change in
    reactants x will be small compared to such a 3.5. We normally avoid making assumptions
    unless K < 1.0 x 10-3 but for such a large initial concentration it is reasonable.
    0.02065 4 2
    0.0051625 2
    0.072
    So at equilibrium [N2O4] 3.5 M and [NO2 ] = 2x 0.14 M
    Challenge: To find Kp multiply KC by (RT)n
    n = (gas moles of products) - (gas moles of reactants)
    n = (2 mol) - (1 mol) = 1
    n
    Kp = (KC*(RT) ) = (0.0059*(0.0821*298)2-1) = (0.0059*(25.5658)1)
    Kp = 0.144

    Revised CR 1/8/14

    LaBrake & Vanden Bout 2014

    Department of Chemistry
    University of Texas at Austin

    Name:____________________

    4. At some temperature, the Kp for the following reaction is 0.26. If you began with 0.1 atm
    of NO, 0.3 atm of Cl2 and 0 atm of NOCl. What would the partial pressures be for each gas at
    equilibrium? Set-up the equilibrium expression in terms of x and describe how you could
    find the exact partial pressures. Hint: you will need a graphing calculator or program to
    solve fully.
    2NO (g) + Cl2 (g) 2NOCl (g)
    R
    I
    C
    E

    2NO +
    0.1 atm
    -2x
    0.1 - 2x

    Cl2

    0.3 atm
    -x
    0.3 - x

    2NOCl
    0 atm
    +2x
    2x
    =

    ( )2

    ( )2 ( 2 )
    (2)2
    0.26 =
    (0.1 2)2 (0.3 )
    [2]2
    [3.5 ]
    [2]2
    0.0059
    [3.5]

    0.0059 =

    We would need a calculator to figure this out. The K is small but still big enough (bigger
    than 1 x 10-3) where we should not ignore the x!
    0.26 = (4x2)/(0.01 - 0.4x + 4x2)(0.3-x)
    0.26 = (4x2)/(0.003 - 0.13x +1.6x2 - 4x3)
    0.00078 - 0.0338x + 0.416x2 - 1.04x3 = 4x2
    0.00078 - 0.0338x - 3.584x2 - 1.04x3 = 0
    The solutions could be x = -3.44 atm, -0.0203 atm or 0.0108 atm found on wolfram online
    or with a graphing calculator.
    The positive solution is the only one that makes sense so the equilibrium partial pressures
    would be:
    PNO = 0.1 - 2x = 0.0785 atm
    PCl2 = 0.3 - x = 0.2892 atm
    PNOCl = 2x = 0.0215 atm

    Revised CR 1/8/14

    LaBrake & Vanden Bout 2014

    Department of Chemistry
    University of Texas at Austin

    Name:____________________

    5. Here is a general reaction with a K value of 1.6x10-6:


    2A (aq) + 3B (aq) 2C(aq)
    Initially you are given 0.1M of substance A and 0.2M of substance B. Set-up an equilibrium
    expression to solve for the equilibrium concentrations of each substance in terms of x. Hint:
    do not actually solve!
    R 2A
    I 0.1M
    C -2x
    E 0.1 - 2x

    3B

    0.2M
    -3x
    0.2 - 3x

    2C
    0M
    +2x
    2x
    []2
    []2 []3
    [2]2
    =
    [0.1 2]2 [0.2 3]3

    =
    1.6 106

    If you wanted, now you could use a calculator or program to solve for each concentration.
    6. Here is a general reaction with a K value of 144:
    A2 (aq) + B2 (aq) 2C (aq)
    If the initial concentrations for A2 and B2 are 0.7 M, find the final concentration of C. Hint:
    make necessary assumptions to solve.
    R
    I
    C
    E

    A2 (aq) + B2 (aq) 2C (aq)


    0.7M
    0.7M
    0
    -x
    -x
    +2x
    0.7-x
    0.7-x
    2x

    In this situation, you cannot assume that x is negligible because the value of K > 1.0x10-3
    []2
    =
    [][]
    [2]2
    144 =
    [0.7 ][0.7 ]
    [2]2
    144 =
    [0.7 ]2
    [2]2
    144 =
    [0.7 ]2

    Revised CR 1/8/14

    LaBrake & Vanden Bout 2014

    Department of Chemistry
    University of Texas at Austin

    Name:____________________
    2
    0.7
    12(0.7 ) = 2
    8.4 12 = 2
    8.4 = 14
    = 0.6
    [2 ] = [2 ] = 0.7 = 0.1
    [] = 2 = 1.2
    12 =

    Revised CR 1/8/14

    LaBrake & Vanden Bout 2014

    Department of Chemistry
    University of Texas at Austin

    Name:____________________

    7. Given that the molar solubility of PbSO4 is 1.59 x 10-4 M, what is the Ksp of PbSO4?
    R PbSO4 (s) Pb2+ (aq) + SO42- (aq)
    I
    ---0
    0
    C
    ---+x
    +x
    E
    ---x
    x
    The molar solubility of the salt is equal to the value of change in Pb2+ ion concentration x
    because of the 1:1 ratio between the PbSO4 solid and its Pb2+ ion.
    = [ 2+ ][42 ] = [][] = 2
    = (1.59 104 )2
    = 2.53 108

    Revised CR 1/8/14

    LaBrake & Vanden Bout 2014

    Department of Chemistry
    University of Texas at Austin

    Name:____________________

    8. In the previous problem, if we had placed the PbSO4 solid into a solution containing 0.5M
    (NH4)2SO4 what concentration of Pb2+ ion will be in solution at equilibrium? You will need a
    calculator to solve completely.
    This is a common ion problem type. The initial concentration of SO42- is 0.5M.
    R
    I
    C
    E

    PbSO4 (s) Pb2+ (aq) + SO42- (aq)


    ---0
    0.5M
    ---+x
    +x
    ---x
    0.5 + x

    Ksp = 2.53 x 10-8 = [Pb2+][SO2-4]


    (the equilibrium constant that we found in the previous problem is valid in this situation
    too because K is a constant for a reaction at a given temperature.)
    2.53 x 10-8 = [x][0.5 + x]
    2.53 x 10-8 = (0.5x + x2)
    0 = x2 + 0.5x - 2.53 x 10-8
    x = 5.06 x 10-8 (very small!)
    [Pb2+] = x = 5.06 x 10-8 M

    Revised CR 1/8/14

    LaBrake & Vanden Bout 2014

    Department of Chemistry
    University of Texas at Austin

    Name:____________________

    9. Given that the Ksp at 298 K is 9.8 x 10-11 for the dissociation of CuCl2, set-up an
    equilibrium expression to solve for the molar solubility of the salt.
    R
    I
    C
    E

    CuCl2 (s) Cu2+ (aq) + 2Cl- (aq)


    ---0
    0
    ---+x
    +2x
    ---x
    2x
    = [ ]2 [2+ ]
    9.8 1011 = (2)2
    9.8 1011 = 4 3
    = 2.904 104
    Here x represents the molar solubility of the whole salt because of the 1:1 ratio between
    the CuCl2 solid and the Cu2+ ion. Aka: salt particles dissolving give off a ratio of one Cu2+ ion
    to every one CuCl2 salt unit.

    Revised CR 1/8/14

    LaBrake & Vanden Bout 2014

    Department of Chemistry
    University of Texas at Austin

    Name:____________________

    10. Here is a general reaction:


    Ax (aq) By (aq) + Cz (aq)
    a. In this general form of an aqueous reaction, how would one set up the equilibrium
    expression, K?
    [][]
    =
    []
    b. Say we have 0.5 M of Ax and 0.2 M of Cz at initial conditions. How would you set up the
    RICE table and K expression? Set these up and do not solve yet.
    R
    I
    C
    E

    Ax (aq) By (aq) + Cz (aq)


    0.5
    0
    0.2
    -x
    +x
    +x
    0.5-x
    +x
    0.2+x
    =

    [][0.2 + ]
    [0.5 ]

    c. Lets say we had found our K to be 3.9x10-4 . Then we increased the concentration of Ax to
    0.7 M. Would the reaction shift left or right?
    This reaction would shift to right (the products side) in order to reestablish equilibrium
    due to the increase in concentration on the reactants side of the equation.
    d. What will the new equilibrium concentrations be for this situation? Hint: make necessary
    assumptions and/or use technology to aid your solving.
    R
    I
    C
    E

    Ax (aq) By (aq) + Cz (aq)


    0.7
    0
    0.2
    -x
    +x
    +x
    0.7-x
    +x
    0.2+x
    [][0.2 + ]
    [0.7 ]
    [][0.2 + ]
    3.9 104 =
    [0.7 ]
    =

    ***Here because K < 1.0 x 10-3 you may ignore the subtraction x from the reactants because
    the reactants experience a small change (we do not eliminate the addition of x in products).
    [][0.2 + ]
    3.9 104 =
    [0.7]
    4
    2.73 10 (0.20039) 2 = 0
    Revised CR 1/8/14

    LaBrake & Vanden Bout 2014

    Department of Chemistry
    University of Texas at Austin

    Name:____________________

    0.00135 =
    [] = 0.7 = 0.69865 0.7
    [] = = 0.00135
    [] = 0.2 + = 0.20135

    Revised CR 1/8/14

    LaBrake & Vanden Bout 2014

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