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    Schottky Defect

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    AjayChandrakar
    A Schottky defect is a type of point defect in ionic crystals where oppositely charged ions leave their lattice sites, creating vacancies in equal and stoichiometric amounts to maintain electrical neutrality. This results in a decrease in the crystal's density compared to the theoretical value, as there are fewer total ions. Schottky defects occur when there is a small difference in size between the crystal's cations and anions and can be illustrated by vacancies in the sodium chloride crystal lattice structure.

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    Schottky Defect

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    AjayChandrakar
    300 views3 pages
    A Schottky defect is a type of point defect in ionic crystals where oppositely charged ions leave their lattice sites, creating vacancies in equal and stoichiometric amounts to maintain electrical neutrality. This results in a decrease in the crystal's density compared to the theoretical value, as there are fewer total ions. Schottky defects occur when there is a small difference in size between the crystal's cations and anions and can be illustrated by vacancies in the sodium chloride crystal lattice structure.

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    A Schottky defect is a type of point defect in ionic crystals where oppositely charged ions leave their lattice sites, creating vacancies in equal and stoichiometric amounts to maintain electrical neutrality. This results in a decrease in the crystal's density compared to the theoretical value, as there are fewer total ions. Schottky defects occur when there is a small difference in size between the crystal's cations and anions and can be illustrated by vacancies in the sodium chloride crystal lattice structure.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    300 views3 pages

    Schottky Defect

    Uploaded by

    AjayChandrakar
    A Schottky defect is a type of point defect in ionic crystals where oppositely charged ions leave their lattice sites, creating vacancies in equal and stoichiometric amounts to maintain electrical neutrality. This results in a decrease in the crystal's density compared to the theoretical value, as there are fewer total ions. Schottky defects occur when there is a small difference in size between the crystal's cations and anions and can be illustrated by vacancies in the sodium chloride crystal lattice structure.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    Schottky defect

    A Schottky defect is a type of point defect in a crystal lat- 1 Denition


    tice named after Walter H. Schottky. In non-ionic crystals it means a lattice vacancy defect.
    If in an ionic crystal of type A+ B an equal number of
    In ionic crystals, the defect forms when oppositely cations and anions are missing from their lattice sites so
    charged ions leave their lattice sites, creating vacancies. that electrical neutrality as well as stoichiometry is mainThese vacancies are formed in stoichiometric units, to tained, then, this defect is called a Schottky Defect.
    maintain an overall neutral charge in the ionic solid. The It is a vacancy defect (due to missing ions) and also a stovacancies are then free to move about as their own enti- ichiometric defect, as the ratio of the number of cations
    ties. Normally these defects will lead to a decrease in the and anions remains the same.
    density of the crystal. The followings are the chemical
    equations in Krger-Vink Notation for the formation of It occurs only when there is small dierence in size between cations and anions. This is produced as the result of
    Schottky defects in TiO2 and BaTiO3 .
    the thermal incorporation of unoccupied lattice sites from

    VT
    i + 2VO
    the exterior of the crystal. The lattice undergoes thermal

    vibration and thermal expansion when the temperature is


    VBa
    + VT
    +
    3V
    i
    O
    raised above 0K. When it happens the pair of vacancies
    This can be illustrated schematically with a twoare incorporated in the crystal.So electrical neutrality is
    dimensional diagram of a sodium chloride crystal lattice:
    maintained inside the crystals.

    2 Examples

    Cl

    This type of defect is shown in highly ionic compounds,


    highly coordinated compounds, and where there is only a
    small dierence in sizes of cations and anions of which
    the compound lattice is composed.

    Na

    NaCl
    KCl
    KBr

    The defect-free NaCl structure

    CsCl
    AgBr
    Cl

    3 Eect on Density

    Na

    Since, the total number of ions in a crystal with this defect


    is less than the theoretical value of ions, the density of
    the solid crystal is less than the theoretical density of the
    material.

    4 See also
    Schottky defects within the NaCl structure

    Frenkel defect
    1

    6
    Wigner eect
    Crystallographic defects

    References
    Kittel, Charles, Introduction to Solid State Physics 8th ed. Wiley, 2005. ISBN 0-471-41526-X.

    External links

    EXTERNAL LINKS

    Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

    7.1

    Text

    Schottky defect Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schottky_defect?oldid=715886417 Contributors: Mani1, Giraedata, Cmbrooks,


    Gurch, Tone, Shaddack, Chick Bowen, Sirkha, TDogg310, Edgar181, Sandycx, Owlbuster, JoeBot, Gabe rosser, Knordlun, Danjwilson,
    Piyush Srivastavaa, Leyo, Maja vienna~enwiki, Venny85, DhananSekhar, XLinkBot, SilvonenBot, Addbot, Kdn1982, EmausBot, JPWinterstein, ChuispastonBot, ClueBot NG, MerlIwBot, Neeya The Great, JYBot, Sabbarish.govindarajan, Epicgenius, Logical1004, KVessels,
    Klayhunt and Anonymous: 35

    7.2

    Images

    File:Liquid_helium_Rollin_film.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Liquid_helium_Rollin_film.jpg


    License: Public domain Contributors: Own work Original artist: I, AlfredLeitner, took this photograph as part of my movie Liquid Helium,Superuid
    File:Nacllattice.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Nacllattice.svg License: CC-BY-SA-3.0 Contributors: Own work Original artist: Gabriel Rosser, Oxford University Gabs
    File:Naclschottkydefect.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Naclschottkydefect.svg License: CC-BYSA-3.0 Contributors: Own work Original artist: Gabriel Rosser, Oxford University Gabs

    7.3

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