Motor 869 Introduction Seminar June 2015

GE
Digital Energy
Motor Protection
Application in 869
869 Advanced Motor Protection

Proven
Thermal
Model
Differential
Start
Supervision
Monitoring &
Diagnostics
Induction
Synchronous
Motors
869
Cyclic Loads
High Inertia
Loads
ESA
MCSA
VFD / VSD
Dual Speed
Page 2
GE Digital Energy
www.GEDigitalEnergy.com
869 - Proven Thermal Model

Thermal model 869 Advantages
differentiators
Accuracy
0.25% CT accuracy delivers precise thermal replica of motor condition
Simplicity
Simple motor load current based algorithm.

Not dependent on motor equivalent circuit model.
Dependability
Dependable due to consideration for all motor operating conditions

Starting, stalling, running or stopping etc.
Interlocking with thermal lockout.
Reliability
More accurate modeling of thermal capacity for Hot stator at near full load
prolonged running by considering the cooling effect.
RTD bias thermal model to cover for change in temperatures.
Unbalance biasing to consider additional rotor heating.
Thermal model can be setup with as low as 8 settings.

Even advanced applications setup is simple.
Easy to setup
Page 3
GE Digital Energy
869 - Proven Thermal Model

Thermal model 869 Advantages
differentiators
Flexibility
Special applications
VFD, Cyclic loading, High inertia loads VD : comprehensive coverage
FlexCurve
Standard curve +
Flex curves to customize for special applications
IEC curve
Separate cooling time constants for running and stopped
Programmable Hot/Cold ratio
VD Overload Curves
RTD Biasing
Unbalance Biasing
Page 4
GE Digital Energy
869 - Cyclic Load Application

Multilin 869 thermal Overload Protection
Input Motor Currents
1-Cycle RMS Filter
Filtered Motor Load
Motor Load curve
Conventional thermal Overload Protection

Input Motor Currents
1-Cycle RMS Filter
Unfiltered Motor Load
Motor Load curve
Thermal model response - Match heating time to cooling time constant

Page 5
GE Digital Energy
869 - Cyclic Load Application

Motor Load Filter Interval
N = P/2
N number of cycles to average
P number of poles
Elements that use filtered current
Acceleration Time
Current Unbalance
Mechanical Jam
Overload
Thermal Model
Undercurrent
Power Factor
Power
Page 6
GE Digital Energy
869 - VFD Application

Source Side VFD Protection
Load Side Motor Protection
Page 7
GE Digital Energy
869 - VFD Application

Frequency tracking switched from voltages to
currents
Frequency range of 3Hz to 72Hz.
Thermal Model Voltage Dependent (VD) function is
blocked
VFD Not Bypassed operand could be used to block
the voltage elements.
All motor current functions except Short Circuit,
Ground Fault and Differential elements are using
When VFD configuration support Function is
enabled and Bypass Switch is closed, then
frequency tracking source will be switched back
from currents to voltages, all voltages elements
will work as normal
Page 8
All motor functions will then be using the normal
GE Digital Energy
RMS currents
869 Stator Differential Application

Differential
True differential or Core
balance differential
Proven CT saturation DC,
AC and DIR algorithms
Restrain factor in Core
balance approach for
starting period
869 Application for Brushless Synchronous Motor

Excitation
Power
Transforme
r
Motor Starter
Circuit Breaker
Or Contactor
Phase CTs
Ground CT
Line PTs
Brushless
Excitation
Control
Process
Control
Surge
Capacitors
Differential CTs
Lightning
Arrestors
Motor
Exc
Speed
Rotor Monitor
Stator, Air & Brg RTDs
Cooling Fan Motors
Anti-condensation Heaters
Vibration & Key phasor sensors
Air Filter Differential Pressure Switches
Page 10
GE Digital Energy
869 Application for Brushless Synchronous Motor
Page 11
GE Digital Energy
Embedded Arc Flash Protection

Platform feature.Motor, Feeder typically
Light and overcurrent based detection
Supports up to 4 input sensors
Arc flash detection for major equipment
compartments and bus in less than 2 msec
Active self-diagnostics
Page 12
GE Digital Energy
Breaker/Contactor Control
Breaker or Contactor Control
Breaker or Contactor Control

Advantages
Control algorithm for either

breaker or contractor
Simple inputs to select

correct operating mode
Auxiliary Relay settings

enable auxiliary relay
operation for Breaker Close
Breaker or Contactor Settings Autopopulate
Flexibility of Contact Outputs
Trip and Close Relays
Can be configured for Failsafe or Non-Failsafe
869 Motor Monitoring &

Diagnostics Applications
Motor Reports in the 869
869 Environmental Monitoring

Histogram of operating conditions :
Temperature
Humidity
Transient voltage (Surge)
Mechanical shock (Vibration)
Historical data for

Environmental Analysis
869 Motor Start Data Logger
869 Data Logger

Data Logger
16 analog values
Recorded at the rate of:
1 cycle
1 second, 30 seconds, 1 minute
15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour
Ability to capture Minimum, Maximum and Mean
over a period of time
Data Logger applications

Coordinated data capture for enhanced analysis of
protection coordination
Thermal model operational analysis using snap
shots of motor parameters
Long term temperature trending
Page 23
GE Digital Energy
869 Motor Learned Data
Advanced Motor Health Report

Device
Overview
General information on the motor
Status
Overview
Summarizes historical data and status of the

motor
Trip
Summary
Summary of events that resulted in the motor trip
Motor
History
High Speed IEC61850 / PRP

Events associated
with operating conditions
Application
Motor
Starting
Collects and displays the learned data from

starting
Motor Start
Displays the start data, including presents the

60-second long detailed start data
Motor
Stop/Trip
Provides events that are specifically related to

the stopping and tripping of the motor
Broken Rotor Bar Detection
Broken Rotor Bar Overview

Broken Bar Overview
A serious problem that is caused

by severe duty cycles
Often no initial performance

issues, but serious secondary
effects
Loss of production and costly

repairs often required
Broken Rotor Bar Detection Overview

Detection Overview
Under healthy rotor conditions,

only the slip frequency (s*fs)
current is present in the rotor
Rotor bar defect (negative slip

frequency component) causes
modulation of the stator current
fs*(1-2*s)
Electromagnetic torque and

speed oscillation occur at twice
the slip frequency
Strongest fault signature at

frequency fs(12s)
Theoretical representation of rotor bar fault signature
Conventional Broken Rotor Bar Detection
Conventional Broken Rotor Bar Detection

Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA)
Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) used to analyze

frequency domain of motor current
Broken Rotor Bar generates frequencies at fnom 2s (s= slip frequency)
Conventional Detection Example
During commissioning (869 installation) is important to identify the component level of the healthy rotor and
then configure the Broken Rotor Bar PKP level setting around 15 dB above it.
e.g.: If the component level for healthy rotor is read as -70dB, then the Broken Rotor Bar pickup level should
be set at around -60 dB to detect cracked rotor and -55 dB to detect 1 Broken Bar.
Conventional Detection Disadvantages

Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA)
MCSA Disadvantages
Frequency spectrum provides weak

contrast to detect fault signature.
Load variation can affect detection

accuracy.
Very close to the supply frequency and

difficult to detect.
Power-Based Detection Method
869 Method: Power Based Coherent Demodulation

Methodology
Voltage & current samples are

multiplied, shifting the
fundamental to DC
Fault frequency shifts down and

closer to DC value
Automatically selected when

voltage is wired
Voltage and current signals multiplied to increase contrast
Power Based Coherent Demodulation Algorithm

No motor parameters information
needed.
Measured low frequency fault
component is divided by the DC
component.
This normalization reduces the slip or
load dependency of the fault signature
869 Method Advantages

869 Advantages
FFT of demodulated stator current of induction

machine with rotor bar fault
Sharper contrast between fault

signature and fundamental
Improved accuracysupply
frequency variation and load
deviation have less effect
Result: Fault Component clearly

identifiable
Testing of Power-Based Method
Broken Rotor Bar Testing Procedure

Test motor has 22 bars.
Bar diameter is 18mm.
The depth of drilled hole
was increased: 4, 8, 12, 16
and 20mm.
Broken Rotor Bar Testing Results

Clear difference
between one bar
and two bar
breakages
12 mm hole on one
bar clearly
detectable
Testing Shows Algorithm is Independent of Load
Implementation in the 869
Broken Rotor Bar Settings in 869

Can be set for Alarm, Latched Alarm
Configurable or Disabled
Simple control of detection

options and settings

Defines the beginning of the frequency
range where the spectral component is
searched
Defines the end of the frequency range
where the spectral component is searched
These are calculating using:
f1 = system frequency
s = the motor slip at full load


Specifies the Pickup level of the element
Using the information or measurements collected

during commissioning (869 installation) and
configuring this PKP level around 15 dB above it.

Set minimum voltage level for power-based

detection
Value used to switch the detection technique from a

Power based Coherent demodulation to a Current
based FFT detection method.

869 Broken Rotor Bar Summary
869 dynamically evaluates whether to use

current or power-based detection
Power-based detection offers improved contrast

and accuracy
Testing verifies power-based detection accuracy

independent of load
Simple control of options and settings in the

relay

Motor 869 Introduction Seminar June 2015

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What is the 869 motor protection relay?

What is the 869 motor protection relay?

What are some advantages of the thermal model used in the 869 relay?

What are some advantages of the thermal model used in the 869 relay?

GE

869 Advanced Motor Protection

869 - Proven Thermal Model

0.25% CT accuracy delivers precise thermal replica of motor condition

Simple motor load current based algorithm.

Dependable due to consideration for all motor operating conditions

Thermal model can be setup with as low as 8 settings.

869 - Proven Thermal Model

VFD, Cyclic loading, High inertia loads VD : comprehensive coverage

869 - Cyclic Load Application

1-Cycle RMS Filter

Filtered Motor Load

Motor Load curve

Conventional thermal Overload Protection

1-Cycle RMS Filter

Unfiltered Motor Load

Motor Load curve

Thermal model response - Match heating time to cooling time constant

869 - Cyclic Load Application

869 - VFD Application

Load Side Motor Protection

869 - VFD Application

869 Stator Differential Application

869 Application for Brushless Synchronous Motor

869 Application for Brushless Synchronous Motor

Embedded Arc Flash Protection

Breaker or Contactor Control

Breaker or Contactor Control

Control algorithm for either

Simple inputs to select

Auxiliary Relay settings

Breaker or Contactor Settings Autopopulate

Flexibility of Contact Outputs

Trip and Close Relays

Can be configured for Failsafe or Non-Failsafe

869 Motor Monitoring &

Motor Reports in the 869

869 Environmental Monitoring

Historical data for

869 Motor Start Data Logger

869 Data Logger

Data Logger applications

869 Motor Learned Data

Advanced Motor Health Report

General information on the motor

Summarizes historical data and status of the

Summary of events that resulted in the motor trip

High Speed IEC61850 / PRP

Collects and displays the learned data from

Displays the start data, including presents the

Provides events that are specifically related to

Broken Rotor Bar Detection

Broken Rotor Bar Overview

A serious problem that is caused

Often no initial performance