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    Chapt13PP1 17

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    This document contains solved examples related to coupled circuits and transformers. It includes calculations of voltages, currents, power ratings and impedances for various circuit configurations involving coupled inductors and transformers.

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    Chapt13PP1 17

    Uploaded by

    oriontheone
    5 views10 pages
    This document contains solved examples related to coupled circuits and transformers. It includes calculations of voltages, currents, power ratings and impedances for various circuit configurations involving coupled inductors and transformers.

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    Original Title

    Chapt13PP1-17

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    This document contains solved examples related to coupled circuits and transformers. It includes calculations of voltages, currents, power ratings and impedances for various circuit configurations involving coupled inductors and transformers.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    5 views10 pages

    Chapt13PP1 17

    Uploaded by

    oriontheone
    This document contains solved examples related to coupled circuits and transformers. It includes calculations of voltages, currents, power ratings and impedances for various circuit configurations involving coupled inductors and transformers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 10

    BOOKMAN

    CHAPTER 13
    P.P. 13.1

    For mesh 1,
    j6 = 4(1 + j2)I1 + jI2

    (1)

    For mesh 2,

    0 = jI1 + (10 + j5)I2

    (2)

    For the matrix form

    j I 1
    j6 4 + j8
    0 = j
    10 + j5 I 2

    = j100, 2 = 6
    I2 = 2 / = 6/j100
    Vo = 10I2 = 60/j100 = 0.6
    -90 V

    P.P. 13.2
    Since I1 enters the coil with reactance 2 and I2 enters the coil with
    reactance 6, the mutual voltage is positive. Hence, for mesh 1,
    1260o = (5 + j2 + j6 j 3x2)I1 j6I2 + j3I2
    1260o = (5 + j2)I1 j3I2

    or
    For mesh 2,

    0 = (j6 j4)I2 j6I1 + j3I1

    or

    I2 = 1.5I1

    Substituting this into (1),

    (1)

    (2)

    1260o = (5 j2.5)I1

    I1 = (1260o )/(5.59-26.56o ) = 2.147


    86.56o A
    I2 = 1.5I1 = 3.23 86.56o A

    P.P. 13.3

    The coupling coefficient is, k = m/ L1 L2 = 1 / 2 x1 = 0.7071

    To obtain the energy stored, we first obtain the frequency-domain circuit shown below.
    20cos(t) becomes 200o , = 2

    1H becomes j1 = j2
    2H becomes j2 = j4
    (1/8) F becomes 1/jC = -j4

    4
    VS

    -j4
    j4

    I1

    j2

    For mesh 1,

    20 = (4 j4 + j4)I 1 j2I2

    or

    10 = 2I1 jI2

    For mesh 2,

    j2I1 + (2 + j2)I2 = 0

    or

    I1 = (1 j)I2

    Substituting (2) into (1),

    I2

    (1)

    (2)

    (2 j3)I 2 = 10
    I2 = 10/((2 j3) = 2.7856.31o
    I1 = 3.9311.31o

    In the time domain,


    At t = 1.5,

    i1 = 3.93cos(2t + 11.31o )
    i2 = 2.78cos(2t + 56.31 o )

    2t = 3 rad = 171.9o
    i1 = 3.93cos(171.9o + 11.31o ) = 3.924 A
    i2 = 2.78cos(171.9o + 56.31o ) = -1.85 A

    The total energy stored in the coupled inductors is given by,


    W = 0.5L1 (i1 )2 + 0.5L2 (i2)2 0.5M(i1 i2 )
    = 0.5(2) (-3.924)2 + 0.5(1)(-1.85)2 (1)(-3.924)(-1.85)
    = 9.85 J

    P.P. 13.4

    Zin = 4 + j8 + [3 2 /(j10 j6 + 6 + j4)]


    = 4 + j8 + 9/(6 + j8)
    = 8.58
    58.05o ohms

    The current from the voltage is,


    I = V/Z = 100o /8.5858.05o = 1.165
    58.05o A

    P.P. 13.5

    L1 = 10, L2 = 4, M = 2
    L1L2 M2 = 40 4 = 36
    LA = (L1 L2 M2 )/(L2 M) = 36/(4 2) = 18
    LB = (L1 L2 M2 )/(L1 M) = 36/(10 2) = 4.5
    LC = (L1 L2 M2)/M = 36/2 = 18

    Hence, we get the equivalent circuit as shown below.

    18 H

    18 H

    4.5 H

    P.P. 13.6
    If we reverse the direction of i2 so that we replace I2 by i2 , we
    have the circuit shown in Figure (a).
    j3

    -j4

    j3

    i1

    j6

    i2

    12
    0

    12

    (a)
    We now replace the coupled coil by the T-equivalent circuit and assume = 1.
    La = 5 3 = 2 H
    Lb = 6 3 = 3 H
    Lc = 3 H
    Hence the equivalent circuit is shown in Figure (b). We apply mesh analysis.

    -j4

    12
    0

    j2

    j3
    j3

    I1

    I2

    (b)

    12

    12 = i1(-j4 + j2 + j3) + j3i2


    or 12 = ji1 + j3i2
    Loop 2 produces,

    (1)

    0 = j3i1 + (j3 + j3 + 12)i2


    or i1 = (-2 + j4)i2

    Substituting (2) into (1),

    (2)

    12 = (-4 + j)i2 , which leads to i2 = 12/(-4 + j)


    I2 = -i2 = 12/(4 j) = 2.91
    14.04o A

    i1 = (-2 + j4)i2 = 12(2 j4)/(4 j) = 13


    -49.4 o A
    P.P. 13.7
    (a)

    n = v2/v1 = 110/3300 = 1/30 (a step-down transformer)

    (b)

    s = v1i1 = 3300x3 = 9.9 kVA

    (c)

    i2 = i1/n = 3/(1/30) = 90 A

    P.P. 13.8
    resulting in

    The 16 j24-ohm impedance can be reflected to the primary


    Zin = 2 + (10 j24)/16 = 3 j1.5
    i1 = 100/(3 j1.5) = 29.8226.56o
    i2 = i1 /n = -7.45426.56o
    vo = -j24i2 = (2490o )(-7.45426.86o ) = 178.9
    116.56o
    s1 = v1i1 = (100)( 29.82-26.86o ) = 2982
    -26.86o VA

    P.P. 13.9

    + v0
    4

    i1

    1:2

    i2

    60
    0o

    v1

    v2

    +
    v3

    10

    Consider the circuit shown above.


    At node 1,

    (60 v1 )/4 = i1 + (v1 v3 )/8

    (1)

    At node 2,

    [(v1 v3 )/8] + [(v2 v3 )/2] = (v3 )/8

    (2)

    At the transformer terminals,

    v2 = -2v1 and i2 = -i1/2

    (3)

    But i2 = (v2 v3 )/2 = -i1 /2 which leads to i1 = (v3 v2 )/1 = v3 + 2v1 .


    Substituting all of this into (1) and (2) leads to,

    (60 v1 )/4 = v3 + 2v1 + (v1 v3 )/8 which leads 120 = 19v1 + 7v3

    (4)

    [(v1 v3 )/8] + [(-2v1 v3 )/2] = v3 /8 which leads to v3 = -7v1 /6

    (5)

    From (4) and (5),


    120 = 10.833v1 or v1 = 11.077 volts
    v3 = -7v1 /6 = -12.923
    vo = v1 v3 = 24 volts

    P.P. 13.10
    We should note that the current and voltage of each winding of the
    autotransformer in Figure (b) are the same for the two-winding transformer in Figure (a).
    6A
    0.5A

    6A
    6.5A

    120V

    10V

    130V

    120V

    120V

    10V

    0.5A

    (a)

    (b)

    For the two-winding transformer,


    s1 = 120/2 = 60 VA
    s2 = 6(10) = 60 VA
    For the autotransformer,
    s1 = 120(6.5) = 780 VA
    s2 = 130(6) = 780 VA

    P.P. 13.11

    i2 = s2/v2 = 16,000/800 = 20 A

    Since s1 = v1 i1 = v2 i2 = s2 , v2 /v1 = i1 /i2 , 800/1250 = i1/20,


    or i1 = 800x20/1250 = 12.8 A.
    At the top, KCL produces i1 + io = i2 , or io = i2 i1 = 20 12.8 = 7.2 A.

    P.P. 13.12
    (a)

    sT = (3)vLiL, but sT = pT /cos = 40x106 /0.85 = 47.0588 MVA


    iLS = sT /(3)vLS = 47.0588x106 /[(3)12.5x10 3 ] = 2173.6 A

    (b)

    vLS = 12.5 kV, vLP = 625 kV, n = vLS/vLP = 12.5/625 = 0.02

    (c)

    iLP = niLS = 0.02x2173.6 = 43.47 A


    or iLP = sT/[(3)vLP ] = 47.0588x106 /[(3)625x10 3] = 43.47 A

    (d)

    The load carried by each transformer is (1/3)sT = 15.69 MVA

    P.P. 13.13
    The process is essentially the same as in Example 13.13. We are
    given the coupling coefficient, k = 0.4, and can determine the operating frequency from
    the value of = 4 which implies that f = 4/(2) = 0.6366 Hz.

    Saving and then simulating produces,


    io = 0.1006cos(4t + 68.52o ) A

    P.P. 13.14
    Following the same basic steps in Example 13.14, we first assume
    = 1. This then leads to following determination of values for the inductor and the
    capacitor.
    j15 = jL leads to L = 15 H
    -j16 = 1/(C) leads to C = 62.5 mF
    The schematic is shown below.

    FREQ

    VM($N_0003,0)VP($N_0003,0)

    1.592E-01 1.422E-01 9.745E+01


    FREQ

    VM($N_0005,0)VP($N_0005,0)

    1.592E-01 9.490E-02 9.748E+01

    Thus,
    V1 = 94.9 97.48 mV
    V2 = 142.2
    97.45 mV

    P.P. 13.15

    V2 /V1 = 120/13,200 = 1/110 = n

    P.P. 13.16
    VS

    Z1

    +
    v1

    ZL/n2

    As in Example 13.16, n2 = ZL/Z1 = 100/(2.5x103 ) = 1/25, n = 1/5 = 0.2


    By voltage division, v1 = vs/2 (since Z1 = ZL/n2 ), therefore v1 = 30/2 = 15 volts, and
    v2 = nv1 = (1/5)(15) = 3 volts

    P.P. 13.17
    (a)

    s = 12x60 + 350 + 4,500 = 5.57 kW

    (b)

    iP = s/vP 5570/2400 = 2.321 A

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