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    1-2 Networking Types

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    Networking information Cisco

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    29 views2 pages

    1-2 Networking Types

    Uploaded by

    casti134
    Networking information Cisco

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Home Study Guides CCNA Routing & Switching 200-120 Chapter 1 Understanding Networks and their Building Blocks
    1-2 Networking Types

    As you know a network is a collection of devices connected together. Networks are further classified into various types depending
    on their size, expanse, security, purpose and many other parameters. While covering all these classifications is beyond the scope of
    the CCNA exam, there are two important network classifications that you need to know about for the exam. In fact a large part of
    the CCNA exam revolves around these two types of networks:
    Local Area Network (LAN) This is a term used to describe a network covering a limited geographical area such as a floor,
    building or a campus. LAN usually has a high data-transfer rate. The Ethernet standard is the most commonly used
    technology in LANs. Ethernet is so common that it is almost synonymous with LAN today. As of late, wireless technology is
    also becoming increasingly common for a local LAN. Both these standards are covered in depth further in the book.
    Wide Area Network (WAN) This is a term used to describe a network covering a large geographical area such as a
    multiple cities, a country or even across the world. They are used to connect LANs across the area they cover. A typical
    example would be the LANs at various offices of a company connected by WAN. Various technology standards used in WAN
    will be covered later in the book.

    Internetworking Models
    As the importance of computers grew, vendors recognized the need for networking them. They created various protocols whose
    specifications were not made public. Hence each vendor had different ways of networking computers and these ways were not
    compatible to each other. This means that computers of one vendor could not be networked with another vendors computers.
    Slowly these specifications were made public and some inter-vendor compatibility was created but this still represented too many
    complications. In 1977 the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) started working on an open standard networking
    model that all vendors would support to promote inter-operability. This standard was published in 1984 and was known as the Open
    Systems Interconnection (OSI). During the same time period (1973 to 1985) another effort by the Defense Advanced Research

    Projects Agency (DAPRA) was underway to create an open standard network model. This network model came to be known as the
    TCP/IP Model. By 1985, the TCP/IP model started gaining more prominence and support from vendors and eventually replaced the
    OSI model.
    This section starts by discussing the OSI Reference model in some depth before moving into a deep discussion on the TCP/IP model
    and its protocols.
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