LO305 Basic Data For Process Manufacturing

LO305 Basic Data for Process Manufacturing
LO305
Release 630 29.08.2003
LO305 Basic Data for Process Manufacturing...............................................................................................................0-1

Copyright....................................................................................................................................................................0-2
Process Industry (PP - PI).......................................................................................................................................0-3
Prerequisites...........................................................................................................................................................0-4
Target Group...........................................................................................................................................................0-5
Introduction................................................................................................................................................................1-1
Course Goals (I).....................................................................................................................................................1-2
Course Goals (II)....................................................................................................................................................1-3
Course Objectives...................................................................................................................................................1-4
Course Content 1....................................................................................................................................................1-5
Course Content 2....................................................................................................................................................1-6
Overview Diagram 1..............................................................................................................................................1-7
Main Business Scenario.........................................................................................................................................1-8
PP-PI Overview..........................................................................................................................................................2-1
PP-PI Overview: Unit Objectives...........................................................................................................................2-2
PP-PI - Integration with the R/3 System................................................................................................................2-4
Application Areas of PP-PI....................................................................................................................................2-5
Positioning of PP-PI in the Enterprise Model........................................................................................................2-6
Functions of PP-PI..................................................................................................................................................2-7
Data Flow in PP-PI.................................................................................................................................................2-8
PP-PI Overview: Summary....................................................................................................................................2-9
Exercise Data........................................................................................................................................................2-10
Exercises...............................................................................................................................................................2-13
Solutions...............................................................................................................................................................2-15
Master Data: Overview..............................................................................................................................................3-1
Master Data: Unit Objectives.................................................................................................................................3-2
Master Data: Business Scenario.............................................................................................................................3-4
Master Data Overview............................................................................................................................................3-5
Material..................................................................................................................................................................3-6
Batch.......................................................................................................................................................................3-7
Resource.................................................................................................................................................................3-8
Production Version.................................................................................................................................................3-9
Master Recipe.......................................................................................................................................................3-10
Bill of Material - Definition..................................................................................................................................3-11
BOM Categories...................................................................................................................................................3-12
Master Data: Unit Summary.................................................................................................................................3-13
Materials.....................................................................................................................................................................4-1
Materials: Unit Objectives......................................................................................................................................4-2
Materials: Business Scenario..................................................................................................................................4-4
Material Master Records: Definition......................................................................................................................4-5
Material Master Records: Views............................................................................................................................4-6
Material Type..........................................................................................................................................................4-7
Control Using Material Type..................................................................................................................................4-8
Industry Sectors and Material Types......................................................................................................................4-9
Field Selection: Influencing Factors.....................................................................................................................4-10
Field Selection: Influencing Factors - Field Reference........................................................................................4-11
Field Selection: Field Selection Group (Example)...............................................................................................4-12
Field Selection: Field Selection Groups and Field References............................................................................4-13
Field Selection: Link Rules..................................................................................................................................4-14
Customized Material Master................................................................................................................................4-15
Creating a Customized Material Master...............................................................................................................4-16
Influencing Factors for Screen Sequences...........................................................................................................4-17
Screens for Material Master Maintenance............................................................................................................4-18
Materials: Summary.............................................................................................................................................4-19
Exercises...............................................................................................................................................................4-20
Solutions...............................................................................................................................................................4-26
R/3 Classification System..........................................................................................................................................5-1
R/3 Classification System: Unit Objectives...........................................................................................................5-2
R/3 Classification System: Business Scenario.......................................................................................................5-4
Classification..........................................................................................................................................................5-5
Classification in the R/3 System............................................................................................................................5-6
R/3 Classification System......................................................................................................................................5-7
R/3 Classification System: Example......................................................................................................................5-8
Class Types.............................................................................................................................................................5-9
Creating Classes...................................................................................................................................................5-10
Classifying Objects...............................................................................................................................................5-11
Classifying Objects for Process Manufacturing...................................................................................................5-12
Example : Classification of Resources.................................................................................................................5-13
R/3 Classification System: Summary...................................................................................................................5-14
Exercises...............................................................................................................................................................5-15
Solutions...............................................................................................................................................................5-19
Batches.......................................................................................................................................................................6-1
Batches : Unit Objectives.......................................................................................................................................6-2

Batches : Business Scenario...................................................................................................................................6-4
Material and Batch.................................................................................................................................................6-5
Batch Management in the Logistics Process..........................................................................................................6-6
Levels of Uniqueness of a Batch............................................................................................................................6-7
Changing Batch Levels...........................................................................................................................................6-8
Converting Batch Numbers....................................................................................................................................6-9
Classification of a Material and a Batch - Characteristic Inheritance..................................................................6-10
Creating Classes for Batches I..............................................................................................................................6-11
Creating Classes for Batches II............................................................................................................................6-12
The Batch Where-Used List at Several Production Levels..................................................................................6-13
Batch-Specific Material Unit of Measure.............................................................................................................6-14
Batch-Specific Units of Measure as an Attribute of a Batch................................................................................6-15
Integration of Batch-Specific Units of Measure...................................................................................................6-16
Physical Quantity and Active Ingredient Quantity...............................................................................................6-17
The Central Unit of Measure for Active Ingredients............................................................................................6-18
Relation of Units of Measure...............................................................................................................................6-19
Percentage and User-defined Calculation............................................................................................................6-20
Active Ingredient Characteristics.........................................................................................................................6-21
Linking Master Data I..........................................................................................................................................6-22
Linking Master Data II.........................................................................................................................................6-23
Maintaining Units of Measurement in the Material Master.................................................................................6-24
Batches : Unit Summary.......................................................................................................................................6-25
Exercises...............................................................................................................................................................6-26
Solutions...............................................................................................................................................................6-31
Resources: Customizing.............................................................................................................................................7-1
Resources: Customizing: Unit Objectives..............................................................................................................7-2
Resources: Customizing: Business Scenario..........................................................................................................7-4
Resources in the Company.....................................................................................................................................7-5
Resource Master Record........................................................................................................................................7-6
Functions of the Resource Category......................................................................................................................7-7
Field Selection........................................................................................................................................................7-8
Capacity and Available Capacity............................................................................................................................7-9
Capacity Categories for a Resource.....................................................................................................................7-10
Formulas in the Resource.....................................................................................................................................7-11
Example of a Formula..........................................................................................................................................7-12
Customizing a Default Resource..........................................................................................................................7-13
Resources: Customizing: Unit Summary.............................................................................................................7-14
Exercises...............................................................................................................................................................7-15
Solutions...............................................................................................................................................................7-22
Resources: Functions..................................................................................................................................................8-1
Resources: Functions: Unit Objectives..................................................................................................................8-2
Resources: Functions: Business Scenario..............................................................................................................8-4
Resource Data I......................................................................................................................................................8-5
Resource Data II.....................................................................................................................................................8-6
Resource Management Views................................................................................................................................8-7
Cost Center / Activity Type / Resource..................................................................................................................8-8
Creating a Resource................................................................................................................................................8-9
Resource Network................................................................................................................................................8-10
Classification of Resources..................................................................................................................................8-11
Available Capacity of a Resource.........................................................................................................................8-12
Maintaining Avail. Capacity Using Shift Sequences............................................................................................8-13
Assignments to the Personnel System (HR).........................................................................................................8-14
Reporting Functions for Resources......................................................................................................................8-15
Resources: Functions: Unit Summary..................................................................................................................8-16
Exercises...............................................................................................................................................................8-17
Solutions...............................................................................................................................................................8-29
Production Version.....................................................................................................................................................9-1
Production Version: Unit Objectives......................................................................................................................9-2
Production Version: Business Scenario..................................................................................................................9-4
Production Version: Definition...............................................................................................................................9-5
Production Version: Mass Processing (I)...............................................................................................................9-6
Production Version: Mass Processing (II)..............................................................................................................9-7
Recipe Editing........................................................................................................................................................9-8
Consistency Check.................................................................................................................................................9-9
Approval...............................................................................................................................................................9-10
Production Version: Unit Summary......................................................................................................................9-11
Exercises...............................................................................................................................................................9-12
Solutions...............................................................................................................................................................9-16
Master Recipes: Operations and Phases...................................................................................................................10-1
Master Recipes, Operations, and Phases:Unit Objectives....................................................................................10-2
Overview Diagram 10..........................................................................................................................................10-3
Master Recipes, Operations, and Phases: Business Scenario...............................................................................10-4
Elements of a Master Recipe................................................................................................................................10-5
Structure of a Master Recipe (I)...........................................................................................................................10-6
Structure of a Master Recipe (II)..........................................................................................................................10-7

Functions of a Master Recipe...............................................................................................................................10-8
Non-Manufacturing Recipes................................................................................................................................10-9
Profile for the Recipe..........................................................................................................................................10-10
Recipe-Plant Assignment....................................................................................................................................10-11
Copying Recipes from Other Plants...................................................................................................................10-12
Reporting............................................................................................................................................................10-13
Recipe Header Data............................................................................................................................................10-14
Operations and Phases........................................................................................................................................10-15
Assignment of Primary and Secondary Resources.............................................................................................10-16
Standard and Default Values from the Resource................................................................................................10-17
Relationships......................................................................................................................................................10-18
Relationships Between Master Recipes..............................................................................................................10-19
Scheduling in the Master Recipe........................................................................................................................10-20
Phase Duration...................................................................................................................................................10-21
Classification of Operations and Resources.......................................................................................................10-22
Checking the Recipe / Consistency Log.............................................................................................................10-23
Master Recipes, Operations, and Phases:Unit Summary...................................................................................10-24
Exercises.............................................................................................................................................................10-25
Solutions.............................................................................................................................................................10-34
Master Recipes: Materials........................................................................................................................................11-1
Master Recipes, Materials: Unit Objectives.........................................................................................................11-2
Overview Diagram 11...........................................................................................................................................11-3
Master Recipes, Materials: Business Scenario.....................................................................................................11-4
Typical Material Flow in the Process Industry.....................................................................................................11-5
Material-Recipe Assignment (I)...........................................................................................................................11-6
Bill of Material - Definition..................................................................................................................................11-7
Material-Recipe Assignment (II)..........................................................................................................................11-8
Bill of Material - Example....................................................................................................................................11-9
BOM Item Categories.........................................................................................................................................11-10
Material List........................................................................................................................................................11-11
Classification of BOM Components...................................................................................................................11-12
Material Quantity Calculation I..........................................................................................................................11-13
Material Quantity Calculation II.........................................................................................................................11-14
Material Quantity Calculation - Example...........................................................................................................11-15
Material Quantity Calculation - Process (I)........................................................................................................11-16
Material Quantity Calculation - Process (II)......................................................................................................11-17
Material Quantity Calculation Screen................................................................................................................11-18
Product Quantity Calculation.............................................................................................................................11-19
Component Quantity Calculation (I)..................................................................................................................11-20

Calculation Using Active Ingredient Quantities of Batches...............................................................................11-21
Calculation Using Physical Batch Quantities.....................................................................................................11-22
Component Quantity Calculation (II).................................................................................................................11-23
Master Recipes, Materials: Unit Summary.........................................................................................................11-24
Master Recipes, Materials: Exercises................................................................................................................11-25
Solutions.............................................................................................................................................................11-38
Master Recipes: Control View..................................................................................................................................12-1
Master Recipes, Control View: Unit Objectives..................................................................................................12-2
Master Recipes, Control View: Business Scenario..............................................................................................12-4
Process Management............................................................................................................................................12-5
Creating and Downloading Control Recipes........................................................................................................12-6
Process Instructions and Control Recipes............................................................................................................12-7
Planning View and Control View.........................................................................................................................12-8
PI Sheet.................................................................................................................................................................12-9
PI Sheet: Structure..............................................................................................................................................12-10
Process Instruction Maintenance........................................................................................................................12-11
Displaying Generated Process Instructions........................................................................................................12-12
PI Sheet Simulation in the Master Recipe..........................................................................................................12-13
Master Recipes, Control View: Unit Summary..................................................................................................12-14
Exercises.............................................................................................................................................................12-15
Solutions.............................................................................................................................................................12-21
Aspects of Co-Product Manufacturing.....................................................................................................................13-1
Aspects of Co-Product Manufacturing: Unit Objectives......................................................................................13-2
Aspects of Co-Product Manufacturing:Business Scenario...................................................................................13-4
Typical Material Flow for the Manufacture of Co-Products................................................................................13-5
Material Master....................................................................................................................................................13-6
BOMS for the Manufacture of Co-Products........................................................................................................13-7
Material Costing: Objectives................................................................................................................................13-8
Executing a Material Cost Estimate.....................................................................................................................13-9
Aspects of Co-Product Manufacturing: Unit Summary.....................................................................................13-10
Exercises.............................................................................................................................................................13-11
Solutions.............................................................................................................................................................13-18
Aspects of Quality Inspection During Production...................................................................................................14-1
Aspects of Quality Inspection During Production: Unit Objectives....................................................................14-2
Aspects of Quality Inspection During Production: Business Scenario................................................................14-4
Integration with Quality Management..................................................................................................................14-5

Inspection Lot.......................................................................................................................................................14-6
In-Process Inspection - Inspection Lot.................................................................................................................14-7
Assignment of Production Resource / Tool to Inspection Characteristics...........................................................14-8
Inspection Points, Partial Lots, and Batches........................................................................................................14-9
Specification of Batches Produced.....................................................................................................................14-10
Creating a Material Specification.......................................................................................................................14-11
In-Process Inspection - Example........................................................................................................................14-12
Aspects of Quality Inspection During Production: Unit Summary....................................................................14-13
In-Process Quality Inspection: Exercises..........................................................................................................14-14
Solutions.............................................................................................................................................................14-20
Engineering Change Management, Recipe Approval..............................................................................................15-1
Engineering Change Management, Recipe Approval: Unit Objectives...............................................................15-2
Engineering Change Management, Recipe Approval: Business Scenario...........................................................15-4
Objects Linked to Engineering Change Management..........................................................................................15-5
Why Use Engineering Change Management for Changes?.................................................................................15-6
Engineering Change Management: With and Without History............................................................................15-7
Change Master Record (Change Number)...........................................................................................................15-8
Structure of a Change Master Record..................................................................................................................15-9
Change Documentation......................................................................................................................................15-10
Engineering Change Mgmt - Validity Period of Recipe Objects........................................................................15-11
Engineering Change Request / Order.................................................................................................................15-12
Structure of an Engineering Change Request.....................................................................................................15-13
Comparison of Change Master Records and Engineering Change Requests / Orders.......................................15-14
Changing Master Recipes...................................................................................................................................15-15
System Status Network Object...........................................................................................................................15-16
System Status Network for Engineering Change Requests / Orders..................................................................15-17
Recipe Approval (General Procedure)................................................................................................................15-18
Recipe Approval (Statuses I)..............................................................................................................................15-19
Recipe Approval (Statuses II).............................................................................................................................15-20
Digital Signature (I)............................................................................................................................................15-21
Digital Signature (II)..........................................................................................................................................15-22
Activating the Digital Signature.........................................................................................................................15-23
Engineering Change Management, Recipe Approval: Unit Summary...............................................................15-24
Exercises.............................................................................................................................................................15-25
Solutions.............................................................................................................................................................15-35
Summary and Conclusion........................................................................................................................................16-1
Summary and Conclusion: Unit Objectives.........................................................................................................16-2

Summary and Conclusion: Business Scenario.....................................................................................................16-4
Functions of PP-PI................................................................................................................................................16-5
Data Flow in PP-PI...............................................................................................................................................16-6
Life Cycle of a Process Order..............................................................................................................................16-7
Order Processing - Further Information...............................................................................................................16-8
Process Management - Further Information.........................................................................................................16-9
QM and Batches - Further Information..............................................................................................................16-10
Summary: Exercises...........................................................................................................................................16-11
Solutions.............................................................................................................................................................16-15
0
LO305 Basic Data for Process Manufacturing
LO305
Basic Data for
Process
Manufacturing
SAP AG 2001
R/3 System
Release 4.6C
March 2001
5004 2382
0.2
Copyright
Copyright 2002 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in
any form or for any purpose without the express permission of
SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changed
without prior notice.
SAP AG 2002
Notes on Trademarks:
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companies.
0.3
Process Industry (PP - PI)
Level 3
Level 2
5 days
LO210
Production
Planning
2 days
3 days
LO320
Process Flow
Scheduler
5 days
LO305
Master Data for
Process
Manufacturing
5 days
LO310
Detail Functions of
Process Orders
Capacity Planning
3 days
LO315
Process
Management
2 days
LO930
Logistics Info
System (LIS)
Classification
5 days
LO990
Variant
Configuration Part 1
2 days
LO935
Logistics Info
Planning
3 days
LO955
Batch
Management
3 days
LO991
Variant
Configuration Part 2
LO235
KANBAN
LO060 5 days
Process
Manufacturing
LO985
SAP AG 1999
3 days
LO230
5 days
2 days
LO275
Special Features
of LIS
in Production
0.4
Prerequisites
LO060 - Planning & Control for Process Manufacturing
SAP AG 1999
0.5
Target Group
Audience
Members of project teams who are responsible for the
introduction of material masters (including batch master records),
resources, and master recipes (including BOMs) into
the R/3 System.
Duration: 5 days
SAP AG 1999
Note:
This training material is not intended to be used as self-study material but rather to complement the
trainers explanations. It therefore includes space for noting down additional information.
1
Introduction
Contents
Course goals
Course objectives
Course content
Course overview diagram
Main business scenario
Introduction to course
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
1.2
Course Goals (I)
This course will prepare you to maintain the basic data

required for process manufacturing.
This includes:
Material master and batches
Resources
Production versions
Master recipes
Material BOMs
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
1.3
Course Goals (II)
Furthermore, you will be introduced to the following

special aspects of process manufacturing:
Using engineering change management to edit a
master recipe that requires approval
Visually reproducing the manufacture of coproducts and costing of the materials involved
Planning a quality inspection during production
Preparing master data for active ingredient
management
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
1.4
Course Objectives
At the conclusion of this course, you will be able to:

Make the most important system settings
regarding the material master, resources, and

master recipes with material lists
Describe the effects of these system settings
on process manufacturing
Use engineering change management for recipe
approval
Visually reproduce the manufacture of co-
products
Perform a quality inspection in the system
during production
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
1.5
Course Content 1
Preface
Unit 1
Introduction
Unit 9
Production Versions
Unit 2
PP-PI Overview
Unit 10
Unit 3
Master Data: Overview
Master Recipes,
Operations and Phases
Unit 4
Materials
Unit 11
Master Recipes,
Materials
Unit 5
R/3 Classification System
Unit 12
Unit 6
Batches
Master Recipes,
Control View
Unit 7
Resources: Customizing
Unit 13
Unit 8
Resources: Functions
Aspects of Co-Product
Manufacturing
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
1.6
Course Content 2
Unit 14
Aspects of Quality Inspection Unit 16

During Production
Unit 15
Engineering Change
Management, Recipe
Approval, and Further
Functions
Summary and
Conclusion
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
1.7
Overview Diagram 1
1
Introduction
PP-PI Overview
10 Phases
11 Master Recipes: Materials
Materials
12 Master Recipes: Control View
13 Aspects of Co-Product Manufacturing
Batches
14 During Production
15 Recipe Approval
16 Summary and Conclusion
9 Production Version
Master Recipes: Operations and
Aspects of Quality Inspection

Engineering Change Management,
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
1.8
Main Business Scenario
As a member of a project team in a company,
you are responsible for creating the basic data

in the R/3 System.
The company is a process manufacturing
enterprise with chemical and pharmaceutical

divisions. It produces detergent, fertilizer, and
headache tablets.
The basic data that you will define covers
materials, batches, classes, resources, and

production versions with master recipes and
material BOMs.
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
2
PP-PI Overview
Contents:
Integration of PP-PI with the R/3 System
Application areas
Functions for representing process manufacturing in the
R/3 System
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
2.2
PP-PI Overview: Unit Objectives
At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:

Describe how PP-PI is integrated in the R/3
System
Tell which application areas exist for
PP-PI
Name the functions PP-PI contains
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
2.3
Overview Diagram 2
1
Introduction
PP-PI Overview
10 Phases
Materials
Batches
15 Engineering Change Management,
Recipe Approval
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
2.4
PP-PI - Integration with the R/3 System
PP - SOP
Sales & Operation Planning
PP - MPS
Master Prod. Scheduling
Introduction
SD
PP - MRP
Material Rqmts Planning
PP
MM
CO
R/3
PP - CRP
Capacity Rqmts Planning

Shop Floor Control
AM
Client / Server
ABAP/4
QM
PP - SFC
FI
WF
PM
HR
PP - PI
PS
IS
Process Industries
PP - PC
Product Costing
.
.
.
SAP AG 1999
The R/3 System contains integrated application software that is based on an open three-level
client/server architecture. It covers the entire range of business functionality a company requires. The
systems efficiency is achieved through an integration of different application components that represent
a network of business functions. This guarantees a consistent execution of all business processes in every
area of a company. All components work on the basis of real-time processing.
With its PP-PI component, SAP offers a set of functions that meet the requirements of production
planning and control in process industries.
The PP-PI component is a fully integrated production planning and control system designed for
process industries. Since it is an integral part of the R/3 production planning component PP, it is linked
to other PP subcomponents such as Sales & Operations Planning (PP-SOP), Material Requirements
Planning (PP-MRP), Capacity Requirements Planning (PP-CRP), and Shop Floor Control (PP-SFC).
In addition, PP and PP-PI are fully embedded in the logistics chain, consisting of the R/3 components
Sales and Distribution (SD), Materials Management (MM), Production Planning (PP), and Quality
Management (QM).
Furthermore, PP-PI is linked to applications of other business areas such as the Human Resources
System (HR) and Controlling (CO).
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LO305
2.5
Application Areas of PP-PI
Process manufacturing
Batch manufacturing
Co-products / byby-products
Co
Fully and partially automated lines
Lines with variable usages
Variable production parameters
Quality assurance
Batch and production records

Target markets:
Chemical industry
Pharmaceutical industry
Food industry
Process-oriented electronics
industry
SAP AG 1999
PP-PI is designed for the batch-oriented process manufacturing company that uses integrated
planning for its production processes. Ideally, PP-PI is used in companies of the chemical and
pharmaceutical industry, the food, beverages, and tobacco industry as well as the process-oriented
electronics industry.
PP-PI meets the following typical requirements of such companies:
The production process is carried out in batches, that is, non-reproducible units that are
characterized by certain specifications. In addition, many materials entering the manufacturing
process are managed in batches with varying specifications.
During the different manufacturing steps, products, co-products, by-products, and remaining
materials are produced. If several planned materials are manufactured during one production run,
they are called co-products.
Information is exchanged between the process planning and the process control levels. Production
is carried out in automated or partially automated lines. Part of the manufacturing instructions must
therefore be displayed in natural language to be read by a process operator, whereas part of them
must be prepared for an automatic process control system.
The usage of the production lines is variable and process control is carried out using variable
parameters that differ from batch to batch.
To ensure the quality of the product, a constant coordination with quality assurance is
indispensable.
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LO305
It must be possible to archive and evaluate the planning data and actual data of the manufacturing
process for each batch.
(C) SAP AG
LO305
2.6
Positioning of PP-PI in the Enterprise Model
SD
Company management level
Production management level
FI
CO
AM
Business applications
MM
PP
PP-PI
QM
Production planning - process industries
PCS
Process control systems
Process control level
SAP AG 1999
The graphic shows the hierarchical structuring of information of an individual company. The following
levels exist:
Company management level
Production management level
Process management level
PP-PI is situated at the production management level between the upper-level business applications and
the lower-level process control systems.
PP-PI is designed to close the information gap between business applications and process control.
(C) SAP AG
LO305
2.7
Functions of PP-PI
Production planning
Master data
Material
Quality
management
Process
planning/
orders
Process
management
Process control
LIMS
Laboratory system (autom.)
PCS
information syst.
Process data
documentation/
evaluation
Resource
Master recipe
PI sheet
(manual)
PI sheet
SAP AG 1999
PP-PI comprises the following functional areas :

Resource management: The PI-specific master data of resources describes all means of production
and persons involved in the production process.
Master recipe management: The PI-specific master data of master recipes describes the
manufacture of one or more materials in one production run without relating to a particular order.
Master recipes are the basis for process orders.
Process planning comprises the planning of process orders. Process orders are created on the basis
of master recipes. They describe and monitor the actual production process.
Process management coordinates the transfer of data between PP-PI and the process control level.
It can be used in fully automated, partially automated, and manually operated plants.
Process data documentation and evaluation enables a detailed documentation and evaluation of
all planned and actual values of a process.
PP-PI is integrated with, for example:
R/3 Quality Management. Via a special interface, external laboratory information systems
(LIMS) can be linked to R/3 QM.
The higher-level planning components of R/3. Production requirements for PP-PI are created in R/3
Material Requirements Planning. Via a special interface, you can also transfer requirements
from an R/2 System or an external planning system to PP-PI.
The master data and functions of R/3 Materials Management (such as material, inventory
management).
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LO305
(C) SAP AG
LO305
2.8
Data Flow in PP-PI
Production reqmts
Materials
Material master
Bill of material
Resources
Proc. units
Personnel
PP
Planned order
PP-PI
Process order
Master recipe
Manually
MM
Process data documentation & evaluation
Process management
QM
Process
messages
Automatic control
Manual control (PI sheet)
Control recipe:
proc. instructions
Process control
system
Process
control level
SAP AG 1999
A production process is triggered by production requirements. Production requirements are created in

material requirements planning in the form of planned orders. Planned orders define the basic dates and
planned production quantities.
During process planning, planned orders are converted into process orders. The basic dates and
production quantities are copied from the planned order. The actual production dates are calculated using
the basic dates. You can also create a process order manually.
A process order provides a detailed description of the actual production of one or more materials in one
production run. It is the main control instrument in production, describing and monitoring all planned
and actual data relating to production.
A master recipe is used as the basis for a process order. It defines, for example, the planned resources
and material components.
After a process order has been released for production, the process instructions maintained in the order
are bundled into control recipes by process management. The control recipes are either transferred to a
process control system via a specific interface or are displayed online in the form of a process
instruction sheet (PI sheet) that can be read and maintained by process operators.
Process management in turn receives process messages from the process control level and transfers
them to various destinations. For instance, it is possible to record confirmations for the process order,
transfer actual values of the process to functions for process data documentation and evaluation, post
material consumptions or production yields as goods movements and transfer quality data to Quality
Management results recording.
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2.9
PP-PI Overview: Summary
The PP-PI component covers the requirements of
production planning and production control in

process industries.
The application area of PP-PI is the batch-oriented,
process manufacturing enterprise.

The process order describes in detail the concrete
production of a material in one production run.

The source for the order is the master recipe.
Process management coordinates the data
exchange between PP-PI and the process control

level.
SAP AG 1999
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2.10Exercise Data
Key to the symbols in the exercises and solutions:
Exercises
Solutions
Unit Objectives
Business Scenario
Tips & Tricks
Warning
Data Used in Exercises

Data
Data in Training
System
Data in IDES
System
Plant
1100
1100
Master recipes
T-DET100
T-DET100
T-RC1##
T-RC100
T-TAB##
N-2100
T-ICE##
T-ICE00
COLORS
COLORS
T-JUI100
T-JUI100
T-DTM1##
T-DTM100
T-DTR1##
T-DTR100
Resources
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T-DTR2##
T-DTR200
T-DTR3##
T-DTR300
T-DTA1##
T-DTA100
T-DTG1##
T-DTG100
T-IC1##
T-IC100
T-JM100
T-JM100
Secondary resource
T-DTT1##
T-DTT100
Material, ROH
T-RD1##
T-RD100
T-RD2##
T-RD200
T-RD4##
T-RD400
T-RD5##
T-RD500
T-RF1##
T-RF100
T-RF2##
T-RF200
T-RF3##
T-RF300
T-RJ1##
T-RJ100
T-RJ2##
T-RJ200
T-RJ3##
T-RJ300
T-RI5##
T-IC-R2006
Material, PIPE
T-RD3##
T-RD300
Material, HALB
T-FF3##
T-FF300
T-Hat2##
N-2100
T-FD1##
T-FD100
T-FF1##
T-FF100
T-FJ1##
T-FJ100
Material, FERT
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Characteristics
Classes
M100
M100
M200
M200
M700
M700
M800
M800
M900
M900
023_14
023_14
023_15
023_15
023_20
023_20
023_21
023_21
## = 01 - 20
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2.11Exercises
Unit: PP-PI Overview: Overview PP-PI
Topic: Logging on to the System/ Menu Paths
At the conclusion of these exercises, you will be able to:

Log on to the system
Find the menu paths for process industries
Create a user menu
You are a member of your company's project team and are responsible for
creating the basic data in the R/3 System.
Your company is a process manufacturing enterprise with chemical and
pharmaceutical divisions. It produces detergent, fertilizer, and headache
tablets.
The basic data that you will define includes materials, batches, classes,
resources, and master recipes.
1-1
Logging on to the system

1-1-1 Log on to the PC
USER:
PASSWORD:
1-1-2 Log on to the R/3 System
CLIENT:
USER:
PASSWORD: INIT
LANGUAGE: EN
1-2
Overview of the menu paths for process industries in the SAP menu
Familiarize yourself with the menu paths in the SAP menu.
Familiarize yourself in particular with the master data that can be selected and
maintained in Production Process
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1-3
Creating a role (user role)

Create your own role by selectively copying the role LO305_EN and giving it the
name LO305_## with the description Role for LO305 group ## . Do not copy the user
that is already assigned.
Add the SAP homepage to your role. The web address is www.sap.com.
Move your web address so that it is below Customizing in your role menu.
Assign your user ID to the role.
Save your role.
Open a second session and select the menu for your activity group. In this session, the
changes are effective.
Compare the structure of your user menu with that of the SAP standard menu.
Close the first session.
Your user menu was specifically created for this course and
contains all transactions you need to do the exercises. The
structure of the user menu can be adjusted at any time to
meet your individual needs. For this reason, the menu paths
in the solutions refer to the SAP menu, not to the individual
user menu.
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2.12Solutions
Unit: PP-PI Overview
Topic: Logging on to the System/Menu Paths
1-1
Logging on to the System
1-2
Overview of the Menu Paths for Process Industries

Master Data: Material master
Production Versions
Resources
Master Recipes
Engineering Change Management
Production Resources / Tools
1-3
Choose Create role.

Enter role LO305 DE.
Choose Copy role
from role:
LO305_DE to role:
LO305_##
Choose Copy selectively.

X
Personalization
Choose Continue.
Choose Change.
Description: Role for LO305 group ##
Choose the Menu tab page.
Choose Other.
X
Web address or file
Choose Continue.
Text: For example, SAP Homepage
Web address or file: www.sap.com
Choose Continue.
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Select the Web address and use the Move down button to move it to another position.
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User tab page

User ID: PI-##
Save
Choose Create a new session.
Choose User menu.
In the first session, choose System -> Delete mode.
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3
Contents:
Material
Batch
Resource
Production version
Master recipe with material BOM
SAP AG 1999
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3.2
Master Data: Unit Objectives

Distinguish between the definitions of material
and batch
Define resources
Explain what a production version is
Define the components of a master recipe along
with its material BOM
SAP AG 1999
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3.3
Overview Diagram 3
1
Introduction
PP-PI Overview
10 Phases
Materials
Batches
15 Recipe Approval

SAP AG 1999
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3.4
Master Data: Business Scenario
Before you start maintaining master data in the
R/3 System, get an overview of the R/3

terminology and the following PP-PI basic data
objects:
Material and batch
Resource
Production version
Master recipe with material BOM
SAP AG 1999
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3.5
Master Data Overview
Batch
Batch
Material
Batch
Batch
Batch
Batch
Resource
..
.
Production version
Master recipe
Material BOM
SAP AG 1999
Master data is data in the R/3 System that remains unchanged over an extended period of time. It
contains information that is used in the same manner for similar objects.
The material is the central master record in Logistics. In general, SAP defines a material as a substance
or commodity that is bought or sold on a commercial basis, or is used, consumed or created in
production.
A batch is a subset of a material with unique specifications. The batches of one material are managed
separately in stock. With regard to the production process, a batch is a quantity of a material produced in
a given production run. This quantity, therefore, represents a non-reproducible unit with unique
specifications.
The PI-specific master data of the resource describes all means of production and persons involved in
the production process.
A production version determines which alternative BOM is used together with which master recipe.
The PI-specific master data of master recipes describes the manufacture of one or more materials in one
production run without relating to a particular order.
Material BOMs are used to represent the structure of products that a company manufactures.
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Material
Material
Material
Substance or commodity that is bought or sold on a
commercial basis, or is used, consumed, or created in
production. A material can also be a service.
SAP AG 1999
A material master record contains data of a descriptive nature (such as size, dimension, weight) and data
with a control function (such as material type).
In addition to this data, which can be maintained by the user, the material master record also contains
data that is automatically updated by the system (such as stock levels).
An alphanumeric material number identifies a material master record in the system. This material
number is unique at the client level.
Depending on its function or usage, master record data is assigned to different organizational levels
(such as plant, storage location, sales organization).
A material master record comprises different views. A view groups all data on a material created by a
particular department (such as Purchasing, MRP, Work scheduling) in the master record.
Depending on their usage and requirements, material master records are grouped into material types.
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Batch
Batch
Batch
Batch
Batch
Material
Batch
Batch
..
.
Batch
Batch
Subset of the total quantity of a material held in stock. This

subset is managed separately from other subsets of the same
material.
Quantity of a material produced during a given production run.
A batch represents a non-reproducible, homogeneous unit with
unique specifications.
SAP AG 1999
In a process manufacturing company, production is usually executed in batches. In addition, many

materials entering the process are managed separately in batch stocks with different specifications.
In the R/3 System, batch master records depend on the corresponding material master record. Batches
are created for a material.
In general, the data of a material master record is valid for all batches assigned to it. In contrast, a batch
master record contains data that uniquely identifies a batch and characterizes it as a non-reproducible
unit.
A batch master record is identified by an alphanumeric batch number. In accordance with the structure of
your plant or company and your operational requirements, you can choose whether you want the batch
number to be unique in combination with a material and a plant, in combination with a material number,
or at client level.
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Resource
Processing
unit
Waste disposal
facility
Labor
Resources
Transport
Energy
Means of production and persons in the production process that have capacities
assigned to them. Resources are subdivided into resource categories.
SAP AG 1999
Resources are the main planning instruments of production planning and control. The data you maintain
for a resource is, for example, used for:
Scheduling process orders
Capacity requirements planning
Product and order costing
Resources are grouped in resource categories on the basis of their usage and function. You can define
your own resource categories in Customizing.
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Production Version
Production version
A production version determines which alternative BOM is
used together with which master recipe to produce a
material or create a master plan for a material.
More than one production version for different validity
periods and lot-size ranges can be assigned to a material.
SAP AG 1999
Production versions are used both in discrete manufacturing and process manufacturing.
Production versions are used in Sales & Operations Planning (SOP), material requirements planning
(MRP), process order creation, and product costing to select the most suitable task list or recipe and the
corresponding material list.
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Master Recipe
Proc. planning
Proc. control
EBF/ISA(S88)/NAMUR
Steps in the
prod. process
Control
information
Master
recipe
Quality
inspec. data
Resources
Materials
Process order Control recipe
SAP AG 1999
A master recipe defines the following data that is required for the manufacturing of materials without
relating to a particular order: processing steps, resources, material components, data for quality
inspection during production, and control information for the process control level.
Master recipes have a planning and a control view. The planning view comprises the planning of
operations, materials, resources, and inspection characteristics, realizing links to the R/3 application
components PP, MM, SD, WM, and QM. The control view contains information required for
communicating with the process control level.
The master recipe is the basis for creating process orders. A process order describes an actual production
process. It contains all the information specified during process planning, such as the production date
and quantities to be produced.
A control recipe contains all the information necessary for the execution of a process order by a certain
process control system or a line operator. Control recipes are generated from the process instructions in a
process order and sent to the corresponding destination in process control. Process instructions are
defined in the master recipe the process order is based on.
Three organizations have defined the data that must be included in the standard recipe maintenance of
the PP-PI module:
The European Batch Forum (EBF)
The Instrument Society of America (ISA; with standards S88)
NAMUR (Norms working committee for measuring and control techniques in the
chemical industry).
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3.11
Bill of Material - Definition
Bill of material
Material
(to be produced)
Material
component 10
Material
component 20
Material
component 30
Material
component 40
Bill of material
A complete, fully structured list of the components that

make up a product or assembly. The list contains the object
number of each component together with the quantity and
unit of measure.
SAP AG 1999
Bills of material (BOMs) contain important basic data used in many different organizational areas.
BOM data is, for instance, important for:
Material requirements planning
Material staging during production
Product costing
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3.12
BOM Categories
Material
Material BOM
Sales order BOM
WBS BOM
Equipment BOM
Funct. loc. BOM
Document
Doc. structure
SAP AG 1999
BOM categories are used to represent different objects.
Material BOMs are used to represent the structure of products that a company manufactures.
Sales order BOMs are used to represent the specific bill of material used to manufacture a product for a
specific sales order.
Work breakdown structure BOMs (WBS BOMs) are used to enter components in the project system.
A document may consist of several different documents such as a program, drawings, manuals, and
photos. Document structures are used to represent this. They are created for a single document
information record and are maintained in the R/3 document management system.
Equipment BOMs are used in Plant Maintenance to describe the structure of a piece of equipment and
to assign spares to the piece of equipment for maintenance purposes.
Functional location BOMs are used in Plant Maintenance to tie equipment to a particular location
within a facility.
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3.13
Master Data: Unit Summary
The most important master data in PP-PI are material,
resource, and master recipe.

A batch is a subset of a total quantity of a material
with unique specifications.

Resources are means of production and persons
involved in the production process that have

capacities assigned to them.
Production versions serve to assign a master recipe
to a material BOM.
A master recipe defines processing steps, resources,
material components, QM data, and control

information required for the manufacturing of
materials without relating to a particular order.
SAP AG 1999
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4
Materials
Contents:
Material Master Record: Definition
Material Type
Field Selection
User-Defined Material Master Record
Creating Material Master Records
SAP AG 1999
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4.2
Materials: Unit Objectives

Define the term "material master"
Create a material type
Make field selection settings
Make user-specific configurations
Create material master records
SAP AG 1999
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4.3
Overview Diagram 4
1
Introduction
PP-PI Overview
10 and Phases
Materials
Batches
15 Recipe Approval
Master Recipes: Operations

SAP AG 1999
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4.4
Materials: Business Scenario
Your company is going to put a new
detergent on the market.

You are responsible for the definition of the
material masters that are required for the new

product:
Raw materials
Finished product
SAP AG 1999
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4.5
Material Master Records: Definition
Material
Substance or commodity that is bought or sold on a
commercial basis, or is used, consumed, or created
in production. A material can also be a service.
Material master record

Data record containing all data required for
managing a material;
the data is arranged according to various criteria.
SAP AG 2001
Materials are created as material master records and identified using a material number.
A material master record contains data of a descriptive nature (such as size, dimension, weight) and data
with a control function (such as material type).
In addition to this data, which can be maintained by the user, the material master record also contains
data that is automatically updated by the system (such as stock levels).
An alphanumeric material number identifies a material master record in the system. This material
number is unique at the client level.
Depending on its function or usage, master record data is assigned to different organizational levels
(such as plant, storage location, sales organization).
A material master record comprises different views. A view groups all data on a material created by a
particular department (such as Purchasing, MRP, Work scheduling) in the master record.
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Material Master Records: Views
Purchasing
Sales
Basic data
Quality
management
MRP
Work
scheduling
St
Plant / Storage
location stock
A
XX
XX
Material
master record
Forecasting
Accounting
Classification
Storage
Warehouse
management
SAP AG 1999
Each department of a company needs to maintain different information on a material. Therefore, the
material master record comprises different views.
A view groups all data on a material created by a particular department (such as Purchasing, MRP, Work
scheduling) in the master record.
In accordance with their different usages, the materials of a company are grouped together in material
types. The material type controls, for example, which views of a material master record can be accessed.
Master record data is assigned to different organizational levels of the R/3 System. When maintaining
specific views, you must therefore enter the organizational units (such as plant, storage location, and
purchasing organization) for which you want to maintain the data.
For each user, you can specify which views of the material master record may be maintained or
displayed.
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Material Type
Material type
Term for the subdivision of materials into different
groups such as raw materials, semi-finished products,
finished products, configurable materials, process
materials, intra materials.
The material type controls, for instance, the material's
procurement type, screen sequence and field
selection, inventory management type, and account
determination in financial accounting.
SAP AG 1999
Within a company, different materials are used for different purposes. Material master records must
therefore meet different requirements with regard to views to be maintained and control of certain
business transactions. To achieve this, materials are assigned to different material types in the R/3
System.
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Control Using Material Type
Procurement type
Material
Views for material maintenance

Number assignment (check external numbers Y/N)
Type of inventory management (quantity/value)
Assignment of account categories and references
Mat. type
Field selection and screen sequence

General indicator
(pricing for pipeline,

process, configurable)
Costing control
Item category group in SD
Authorization group
SAP AG 1999
You specify a material type for each material. It is part of the general data of a material.
The material type defines the following:
Which procurement type is set, that is, whether external or internal orders are possible
Which views can be maintained by which user departments
Whether material numbers can be checked against a number range
Whether stock quantities and stock values can be updated
Which material accounts are assigned
The field selection and screen sequence in material master maintenance
Costing control for a material
The determination of item category groups for sales documents
Control of data access via authorization groups
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Industry Sectors and Material Types
SAP R/3 Material Types
ROH - Raw materials
HALB - Semi-finished products
FERT - Finished products
KMAT - Configurable materials
HAWA - Trading goods
INTR - Intra materials
PROC - Process materials
VERP - Packaging materials
Raw materials
Raw materials
Semi-finished products
Finished products
Miscellaneous
Semi-finished products
Finished products
Miscellaneous
.
.
SAP AG 1999
The material types ROH (for raw materials), HALB (for semi-finished products), FERT (for finished
products) and KMAT (for configurable materials) are generally used in production.
The material types PROC and INTR are specifically used in process industries:
The material type PROC (process material) can be used to represent the manufacture of co-products
that is not initiated by material requirements planning.
The material type INTR (intra material) describes materials that exist only temporarily in a process.
The industry sector determines to which branch of industry the material is assigned.
The industry sector determines which fields are required fields in material master data maintenance.
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Field Selection: Influencing Factors
Transaction
..................
Material type
Procurement
indicator
?
..................
..................
Field selection
Plant
Industry sector
SAP / user
SAP AG 1999
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4.11
Field Selection: Influencing Factors - Field
Reference
Influencing factor
Field reference
Examples
HALB
Material
Material type
type HALB
HALB
Z01
Material type PI01
1100
Plant 1100
Industry sector C
Transaction MM02
MM02
Procurement indicators E / F
E/F
SAP
SAP1
SAPR
User
KB
SAP AG 2001
Each influencing factor is assigned its own field reference for field selection.
You can define field references for the material type, plant, and industry sector.
The field references for the other influencing factors are predefined.
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4.12
Field Selection: Field Selection Group (Example)
Field name
Field selection
group
015
MARA-FERTH
1:n
Field name
MARA-FORMT
Field name
MARA-KZUMW
SAP AG 1999
The material master fields are grouped in field selection groups.
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4.13
Field Selection: Field Selection Groups and Field
References
Field selection
group 1
Field selection
group 2
MARA-MEINS
MARA-MATKL
T006A-MSHT
Field selection (field sel. grp 1)

Field ref. Hide
Field selection (field sel. grp 2)

Field ref. Hide
PROC
P
PROC
ROH
ROH
SAP1
SAP1
Displ. Reqd. Opt.
(and so on)
Disp. Reqd.Opt.
SAP AG 2001
All field selection groups are assigned to all field references.

The field options (hide, display, required entry, optional entry) are defined for each field selection group
and field reference.
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4.14
Field Selection: Link Rules
Examples
Link rules
Field sel. Field sel. Field sel.

grp 1
grp 2
grp 3
Industry sector
Transaction
Procurement
indicator
SAP / user
.
+
Material type
Plant
for field selection groups
SAP AG 1999
Field references of several influencing factors (such as the material type or plant) determine the field
selection.
The field references define the field options (hide, show, required entry, optional entry) for the
indvidual field selection groups.
All field option entries valid for each operation are linked together per field selection group.
The link rules shown in this graphic determine the result of the field selection for a field selection
group.
In order of priority, the signs mean the following:
- Hide
* Show
+ Required entry
. Optional entry
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4.15
Customized Material Master
You can structure the material master according to
the requirements of your company:
You can remove screens that you do not need from the
screen sequence.
You can create your own screens by adding or

deleting screen modules.
You can influence individual fields in the screen

modules.
Screen
modules
Screens
Screen
sequences
Basic data
Basic data
Sales
Purchasing
SAP AG 1999
Customized material master screens support sufficient data maintenance by creating entry dialogs
specific to your company's data requirements.
The material master is a set of logical screens organized in a specific sequence when more that one view
is selected. This organization of logical screens is referred to as a screen sequence.
Each logical screen consists of several programmed sets of material master fields. In the R/3 System,
these sets are referred to as screen modules or subscreens. The fields assigned to each screen module
cannot be changed in Customizing.
In Customizing for the Material Master you can:
Maintain screen sequences
Maintain logical screens
Maintain the order of logical screens in a screen sequence
Determine which screen modules are displayed on which logical screens
Assign field selection influencing factors to a screen sequence
Assign a user or group of users to a screen sequence
Enter default values for the organizational level, the industry sector, and the logical screens for a user
or a group of users
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4.16
Creating a Customized Material Master
Copy standard screen sequence (such as "01)

Use your own name range for screen sequence => Y*, Z*
Delete, extend, or change logical screens in the new sequence
a) Use standard screen modules (recommendation)
b) Use field selection to show/hide fields
Logical
screen
c) Program and integrate user-specific screen modules

d) Define the sequence of screen modules in the logical screen
Define sequence of logical screens in the screen sequence

Link the new screen sequence to influencing factors
SAP AG 1999
Note:
When you create your own logical screens, it is a good idea to use the standard screen modules that
already exist.
You need your own screen modules if you require non-standard field groupings or new fields.
To create your own screen modules, copy the standard program SAPLMGD1 into your own function
group (for instructions, see IMG). Then you can create the subscreens you require in the new function
group.
Append structures are defined in the Data Dictionary so that you can integrate your own fields.
You can only integrate fields from user-specific tables and user-specific subsreen containers in the
SAPLMGMM program by using modifications.
You must use Customizing to create your own material master dialogs.
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4.17
Influencing Factors for Screen Sequences
Combinations of screen
references:
Influencing factors:
Transaction
Screen ref. transaction
01
01
User
Screen ref. user
Material type
Screen ref. material type
Industry sector
Screen ref. industry sector
01
Y1
Screen sequence
TEMPLATE
*
*
SAP AG 1999
You can create a screen reference for user, material type, and industry sector.
The screen references for transactions are predefined.
The screen sequence becomes valid for the appropriate user, material types, and industry sectors when
you assign the screen references to this screen sequence.
In the example in the graphic, the screen sequence 01 is valid for all users who are assigned to the
"Template" reference, irrespective of industry sector and material type.
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4.18
Screens for Material Master Maintenance
Material
St
A
Purchas- Work
ing scheduling
MRP
Forecasting
Sales
Accounting
Texts
Document
data
Units of
measure
Administrative Consumption
data
SAP AG 1999
To maintain a material, you enter the material number on the initial screen. You then select the
organizational levels and views of the main data screens.
The data screens on the main level are displayed in a standard sequence. However, you can jump from
screen to screen and thus interrupt the standard sequence.
To reach the additional data screens, choose the menu option Extras from within the corresponding view.
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4.19
Materials: Summary
The material master is the central master record
for logistics.
The material is identified using the material
number.
Maintenance takes place in individual material
views.
The material type groups materials and controls
how they are processed.

Material types that are commonly used in PP-PI
are: ROH, HALB, FERT.
SAP AG 1999
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4.20Exercises
Unit: Materials
Topic: Material Master Records

Make system settings for materials
Create material master records
Your company is going to put a new detergent on the market.

You are responsible for the definition of the material masters that are
required for the new product:
Raw materials
Finished product
1-1
Settings for material types

In the IMG (implementation guide/Customizing), display the material types that are
defined for finished products, semi-finished products, and raw materials.
1-1-1 Write down the settings for the parameters in the table below.
Parameters
Finished
Products
Semi-finished
Products
Raw
Materials
Material type
Are internal orders allowed?
Are external orders allowed?
Which of the following fields are
selected in the User departments
area?
Sales?
Costing?
Purchasing?
MRP?
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Parameters
Finished
Products
Semi-finished
Products
Raw
Materials
Work scheduling?
Which price control is set?
Does a quantity update take place
for the material type?
1-1-2 What does the External no. assignment w/o check indicator specify?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-1-3 What does the With qty structure indicator specify?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-2
Creating a new material type

Copy the material type for the semi-finished product HALB.
Enter a new material type PI## (## = group number).
The description of the material type is "PI Group ##".
Set the following parameters for the new material type:
External and internal orders are allowed.
Externally assigned material numbers are checked against a number range.
Product costing with a quantity structure (BOM, routing)
For materials of this material type, the following areas may be maintained:
Work scheduling
Classification
MRP
Storage
Basic data
Plant and storage location stock
Costing
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In all plants (valuation areas), quantities and values are to be updated for
materials of this material type.
All materials of this material type (not changeable) are to be valuated according to
the moving average price.
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1-3
Account assignment is to take place according to account category reference

0008, the same as for material type HALB.
Save the material type.
Field selection settings for the material type

The material type PI## is used for semi-finished products that are copied from an
external system.
Make the following material fields a required entry for material type PI##:
Old material number
Cross-plant material status
(MARA-BISMT)
(MARA-MSTAE)
1-3-1 To which field selection groups are these fields assigned?

______
______
1-3-2 Is the content of this field copied (proposed) when you create using a reference
material?
__________
1-3-3 Which other field belongs to these groups ?
______
1-3-4 Copy field reference Z## and specify that these fields are required fields.
Copy the field reference for the semi-finished product HALB.
Save your settings.
1.3.5
Assign the field reference Z## to your material type PI##.
1.3.6
Test your settings by creating material T-PI## with material type PI-## (only
the Basic data 1 + 2 views). Notice which views the system displays.
Notice that the fields previously processed are now required entries.
You can make any entry in the old material number fields of this material. Use
material status 01 with today as the valid from date. Cancel without saving.
1-4
Creating a customized material master

Set up a user-specific screen sequence Y# or Z# (free number) for material master
maintenance.
Use screen sequence 21 "Std ind.(short) tab" as a template for your screen sequence
Y# or Z# "Screen sequence: PI Gr.##".
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1-4-1 From data screen 08 (basic data 2), copy the screen module environment
(2010) to data screen 07 (basic data 1). Then delete data screen 08 and name
data screen 07 "basic data".
1-4-2
Control your screen sequence Y# or Z# in a way that the following sequence

appears:
Screen 1
Screen 2
Screen 3
Screen 4
Screen 5
Basic data
MRP 1 - 4
Work scheduling
General plant data/storage
Classification
The rest of the sequence after these screens remains the same.
1.4.3
The screen sequence is to be valid for your user PI-##. Define a screen
reference for your user and create a new screen sequence control (for all
material types and branches).
1.4.4
Open a second session and check your settings by displaying material master
record T-RD2##.
Reverse your changes from exercise 1-4-3 for the rest of the exercises.
1-5
Default settings for industries and organizational levels

To make entering data easier, define default data for the branch (chemicals) and
organizational level (1100 as the default plant and source plant) before you create the
material master records. Define the default settings in a way that the industry and
organizational fields only appear when you need them.
1-6
Creating material master records

1-6-1 Raw materials
Create the following material with the material type raw material by copying:
Material
Material
type
Copy from
T-RD1##
Raw
materials
T-RD100
In the Select View(s) dialog box, select all of the views except Warehouse
management 1 and 2.
On the Basic Data 1 screen, check the following description for your material:
Material
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Material description
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T-RD1##
Sulfuric acid
Go through all of the data screens and save the material master record when you
reach the last data screen.
The material mentioned above is a raw material that will be
needed to produce the product.
1-6-2 Finished product

Create material T-FD1## with the material type finished product by copying
material T-FD100:
Material
Material type
Copy from
T-FD1##
Finished product T-FD100
In the Select View(s) dialog box, select all of the views.

On the Basic Data 1 screen, check the following description for your finished
product:
Material
T-FD1##
Detergent, group ##
Go through all of the screens and save the material master record when you
reach the last data screen.
In this course, you will create a master recipe for the production
of finished product T-FD1##.
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1-7
Displaying the material master record:

Display the following materials.
What type of materials are they and which material categories are assigned to them?
Material
Industry Material
sector
type
T-RD2##
T-RD3##
T-RD4##
T-RD5##
These materials will be used for the production of the finished
product T-FD1## along with the raw material in exercise 1-6-1.
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4.21Solutions
Unit: Materials
Topic: Material Master Records
1-1
Settings for material types

SAP standard menu Tools AcceleratedSAP Customizing Project
Management [SAP Reference-IMG] Logistics - General Material Master
Basic Settings Material Types Define Attributes of Material Types
Display
1-1-1 Solution table
Double-click the material type.
Parameters
Finished
Products
Semi-finished
Products
Raw
Materials
Material type
FERT
HALB
ROH
Are internal orders allowed?
Yes
Yes
No
Are external orders allowed?
Allowed with
warning
Yes
Yes
Sales?
Yes
Yes
No
Costing?
Yes
Yes
Yes
Purchasing?
Yes
Yes
Yes
MRP?
Yes
Yes
Yes
Work scheduling?
Yes
Yes
No
Standard price
Standard price
Moving average
price/periodic
unit price
By valuation
area
In all valuation
areas
In all valuation
areas
Which of the following fields are

selected in the User departments
area?
Which price control is set?
Does a quantity update take place

for the material type?
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1-1-2 What does the External no. assignment w/o check indicator specify?
Choose the F1 help for the field.
If the indicator is set, the material number can be entered manually and it is
not compared with the number range for the material type. If the indicator is
not set, the number entered is compared with the external number range if
external numbers are allowed for this material type.
1-1-3 What does the With qty structure indicator specify?
Choose the F1 help for the field.
This field is used to specify whether product costing is carried out with or
without a quantity structure (BOM and routing).
1-2
Creating a new material type

Tools AcceleratedSAP Customizing Project Management SAP
Reference IMG Logistics - General Material Master Basic
Settings Material Types Define Attributes of Material Types Copy
as ... PI## PI Gruppe ##
Make the settings as described.
1-3
Setting the required fields

You first determine the number of the field selection group.
Tools AcceleratedSAP Customizing Project Management SAP Reference
IMG Logistics - General Material Master Field Selection Assign Fields
to Field Selection Groups
1-3-1 Field selection groups
Go to Position cursor
MARA-BISMT:
MARA-MSTAE:
11
155
1-3-2 Detail screen for field names: Since the Propose field content indicator is set,
the contents of the fields are copied when they are created.
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1-3-3 Tools AcceleratedSAP Customizing Project Management SAP

Reference IMG Logistics - General Material Master Field Selection
Maintain Field Selection for Data Screens
Enter field selection group 11 in the appropriate field and choose Enter. No
other fields belong to field selection group 11.
Repeat the procedure for field selection group 155. The fields MARA-MSTAE
and MARA-MSTDE belong to group 155.
Choose Details.
1-3-4 Copy field reference Z## and specify that these fields are required fields.
Copy the field reference for the semi-finished product HALB.
Select the line HALB and copy it to Z## (Edit Copy as). Call up the field
groups 11 and 155 in the field reference Z## you just copied. Change the field
option to a required entry.
Save your settings.
1-3-5 Assign field reference Z## to your material type PI##.
Reference IMG Logistics - General Material Master Basic Settings
Material Types Define Attributes of Material Types
Select material type PI## and choose Goto Details.
Field reference Z## instead of Halb.
Save your settings.
1-4
Copy the screen sequence 21 by choosing Edit Copy as....

SAP standard menu Tools AcceleratedSAP Customizing Project
Management [SAP Reference-IMG] Logistics - General Material Master
Configuring the Material Master-> Define Structure of Data Screens for Each
Screen Sequence
Save the screen sequence.
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1-4-1 Select your screen sequence and double-click the entry Data screen in the
dialog structure.
Select data screen 08 Basic Data 2 and double-click the entry Subscreens in
the dialog structure.
Choose View data screen. Notice the simulation of the logical screen. Choose
Cancel. Select the subscreen with Screen number 2010 and choose View
subscreen. You now see the Environment screen module .
Go back to the Change view "data screen": Overview screen by doubleclicking Data screens in the dialog structure.
Select data screen 07 Basic data 1 and double-click the entry Subscreens in
the dialog structure.
Add the screen module (subscreen) Environment to this data screen by
overwriting screen number 0001 (=empty screen module) with the number
2010. Choose View data screen. The Environment screen module is now
copied to the Basic data 1 data screen. Choose Cancel. Double-click the
entry data screens in the dialog structure. Select data screen 08 basic data
and choose Edit -> Delete. Change the screen description and the alternative
screen description of data screen 07 to Basic data. Save your changes.
1-4-2 SAP standard menu Tools AcceleratedSAP Customizing Project
Management [SAP Reference-IMG] Logistics - General Material
Master Configuring the Material Master-> Maintain Order of Main and
Additional Screens.
Select the screen sequence and choose Goto->Details.
For the data screens MRP 1-4, Work scheduling and General plant data/storage,
enter ascending numbers in this sequence that are between the numbers of the
data screens Basic data and Classification in the column for sequential
numbers. Example :
MRP 1 Current No.: 11
MRP 2 Current No.: 12
MRP 3 Current No.: 13 etc.
Choose Sort main screens. The screens are put in a new order. Save your
changes.
1-4-3 SAP standard menu Tools AcceleratedSAP Customizing Project
Management [SAP Reference-IMG] Logistics - General Material
Master Configuring the Material Master-> Assign Screen Sequence to
User/Material Type/Transaction/Industry Sector
Double-click User screen reference in the dialog structure and then New
entries. Enter your user name PI-## in the first column and your screen
sequence number Y# or Z# in the second column.
Save your entries.
It is not necessary to define the screen sequence control before the
user. It is only a selection criteria for controlling the screen
sequence. The assignment of one entry to different users allows
you to group the users.
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Double-click Screen sequence control in the dialog structure and then New
entries. Enter the following and then save:
SRef:trans.
SRef:user
SRef: matl type
SRef: industry
SSq
01
Y# or. Z#
Y# or Z#
1-4-4 Testing the settings:

Open a second session:
SAP standard menu Logistics Production Process Master Data
Material Master Material Display Display current
Display material master T-RD2##. Notice the sequence of the views in view
selection.
Choose the Basic data view. The Environment screen module appears.
Reversing changes made in exercise 1-4-3:
In the Change View Screen Sequence Control: Overview view, delete your
entry in the Control Screen Sequence table. Choose Edit Delete. Save after
deleting and check your settings by displaying material master T-RD2## again.
1-5
Default settings for industry sectors and organizational levels

SAP standard menu Logistics Production - Process Master Data
Material Master Material Create general Immediately
Enter a material type, such as "raw material" and a branch such as "chemical
industry".
Choose Defaults Industry sector. Choose "Chemical industry". Select the Hide
industry sector on initial screen indicator.
Choose Defaults Organizational levels. Enter plant 1100, source plant 1100.
Select the Org.levels/profiles only on request indicator.
You can also maintain the user settings in Customizing by choosing:
SAP standard menu Tools AcceleratedSAP Customizing
Project Management [SAP Reference-IMG] Logistics General Material Master Configuring the Material Master->
Maintain User Settings
1-6
Creating material master records

1-6-1 Raw materials
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Material Master : Material -> Create (general) -> Immediately

Select all in the view selection.
1-6-2 Finished product
Material Master / Material -> Create (general) -> Immediately
Select all in the view selection.
1-7
Displaying the material master record:

Material
Industry
sector
Material type Material description
T-RD2##
ROH
Lauryl Alcohol
T-RD3##
PIPE
Water
T-RD4##
ROH
1-Butanol
T-RD5##
ROH
Sodium hydroxide
Material master menu / Material -> Display -> Display Current

Choose Information on material.
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5
Contents:
Creating characteristics and classes in the R/3 classification
system
Classifying objects
Classifying objects for process manufacturing
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5.2
R/3 Classification System: Unit Objectives

Describe the advantages of classification
Create classes, characteristics, and objects
Classify objects
Define the functions of the class types
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5.3
Overview Diagram 5
1
Introduction
PP-PI Overview
10 Phases
Materials
Batches
15 Recipe Approval

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5.4
R/3 Classification System: Business Scenario
Classification is required in your company for the
selection of materials and resources for production.

You are responsible for the classification of raw
materials and finished products.

You will define a class with the appropriate
characteristics to select a suitable reaction vessel for

detergent production.
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5.5
Classification
Classification = Object Assignment + Value Assignment

Batch
CH-01
Assignment
Material
-CL100
T
Material Class
Class TT-CL100
Acids:
Acids:
Solids:
Solids:
Freezing
Freezing Point:
Point:
Values
Classification
Value
Value Assignment
Assignment
Acids:
Acids:
Solids:
Solids:
Freezing
Freezing Point:
Point:
Ph
Ph 77
68
68 %
%
3.20F
3.20F
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In classification, you assign objects to classes and use the characteristics of the class to describe the
objects.
You can then use the classification system to search for the objects.
You can use the settings in characteristics maintenance to specify, for example, that entries are required
or default values are used in classification.
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Classification in the R/3 System
Classification enables you to:
Describe objects using characteristics

Group similar objects in classes
You can use the find object function to determine

whether:
An object exists
Similar objects exist
No objects exist
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The classification system is a cross-application basic function.

The purpose of a classification system is to describe objects using characteristics and to group or classify
similar objects based on a criteria that is defined.
You can search for objects using the classes and the characteristics defined for the classes. In this way,
you ensure that objects that are similar or identical regarding their characteristics can be found as soon as
possible.
Any basic data elements of the R/3 System can be classified (materials, batches, recipes, operations,
resources, documents, ...)
Classes can be structured in single-level or multi-level class hierarchies.
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Class
Object
A class is used to group

objects that have identical or
similar attributes.
An object is a classifiable unit

(such as resource, material,
batch, and so on).
Characteristic
Characteristic Value
A characteristic value is a value
assigned to a characteristic
of an object (such as 1000 l, 130
CP).
A characteristic is used to store

information on the attributes of an
object (such as volume, viscosity).
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Characteristics that are defined individually are assigned to classes.

A characteristic describes a detail of the classified object.
After assigning an object to a class, the object characteristics can be assigned values.
Objects can be assigned to several classes.
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R/3 Classification System: Example
Class Type 001 (Material Classes)

Class 270 (Oils)
Oil-001
Class Types
Class
Oil-002
Oil-003
Object
Viscosity
120 cP
Viscosity
130 cP
Viscosity
140 cP
Characteristic
Char. Value
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You can search for objects using the classification system.

Two steps are required to find a certain object:
Find the class in which the object is classified
Search for the object in the class
During the search, the characteristics are used as search criteria. They are assigned values, and these
values are compared with the values of the objects that are in the class.
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5.9
Class Types
001
Mat. classes
019
Work ctr cl.
023
Batches
Class types
Objects
Material
Resource
Operation/recipe
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Classes are always assigned to a class type.

A class type is a top-level unit of control for classes. The class type is used to define, for example:
Which objects can be classified in a class
Whether objects of different object types can be classified in the same class
The standard system contains settings for some object types (for example, materials, vendors,
documents, and so on) and class types so that you can begin creating a classification system for these
objects immediately. You can also include other class types in the classification system.
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5.10
Creating Classes
Assign characteristics
to the class
Create
characteristics
Create class
for class type
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You can set up your own classification system in the following way:
Define the properties of an object:
You use characteristics to define the properties of an object. You create characteristics centrally in
the R/3 System.
Create classes
You need classes to classify objects. These classes must first be created. Characteristics are assigned
to the classes.
Up to 999 characteristics can be assigned to a class. The system checks the characteristic values by
comparing them to the allowed value range.
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5.11
Classifying Objects
Object
Specify char. values
Assign characteristics
to the class
Create
characteristics
Create class
for class type
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The assignment of objects:

After the classes required for classification have been created, the objects of these classes can be
assigned. The objects are described using the characteristics contained in the classes. In this way,
the data required to use the classification system is available. The system can then be used to find
objects with specific properties.
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5.12
Classifying Objects for Process Manufacturing
Resources
Class Type "Work Center Class"'
Operations: Master Recipe

Materials / Batches
Class Type "Batch"
BOM Items
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In PP-PI, different objects can be classified, for example, within a master recipe. In this way, resources
(for resource selection which takes place later) as well individual operations of a recipe, for example, can
be assigned to a class.
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5.13
Example : Classification of Resources
Class type: 019 "Work center class"

Class: Reaction vessel
Class: Heating vessel
Class: Mixing vessel
...
...
HV-03
HV-02
Object:
MV-02
Heating vesselCharacteristics
Object:
U/min
200C
Characteristics
Mixing vessel Characteristics
Volume
Characteristics
U/min
300C 250 l
RK-01 Characteristics
U/min
200C
Volume
Max. temp.
300C 150 l
Characteristics
U/min Volume
200C 250 l
Volume 200 l
200 l
U/min Volume
150
Volume 300 l
MV-03
...
RE-03
RE-02
Object:
Reaction vessel
Characteristics
RE-01 Characteristics
Coating
Graphite
Volume PVC 350 l
Coating
Characteristics
Volum
Coating
Enamel 250 l
Volume
300 l
...
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Classes are always assigned to a class type.

A class type is a top-level unit of control for classes. The class type is used to define, for example:
Which objects can be classified in a class
Whether objects of different object types (such as materials and batches) can be classified in the
same class
There are predefined class types in the standard system such as the class type work center class, for
classifying resources, or class type batch, for classifying materials and batches.
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5.14
R/3 Classification System: Summary
Creating a class:
Create characteristics
Create class for class type
Assign characteristics to the class
Any objects in the R/3 System, such as resources,
operations, or MRP components, can be assigned

to a class.
The top-level class type for the class controls, for
example, which objects can be classified in the

class and whether a multi-classification is allowed.
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5.15Exercises
Unit: R/3 Classification System
Topic: Characteristics and Classes

Display and create characteristics
Display and create classes
Classification is required in the company for the selection of materials

and resources for production.
You are responsible for the classification of raw materials and finished
products.
Furthermore, you are to define a class with the appropriate characteristics
to select a suitable reaction vessel for detergent production.
1-1
R/3 classification system

1-1-1 Display the characteristics M100 and M200
Logistics -> Central functions -> Classification Master Data ->
Characteristics. Choose Display.
Write down the description and formatting details for these characteristics.
Characteristic
Description
Data type
Unit of
measurement
M100
M200
Which status do the characteristics have?
________________
What value assignments have been defined for the characteristics?
________________
Is a value assignment for a classified object required?
________________
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Are interval values allowed for the value assignment?

________________
Are you allowed to enter negative values?
________________
To which class types is the usage of the characteristics restricted?
Restrictions tab
________________
________________
________________
Within which value range are you allowed to assign a value to a characteristic?
Values tab
Characteristic
Allowed values
M100
M200
Are you allowed to assign values that have not been defined as allowed values?
________________
Display the indicators for one of the characteristics on the Additional data tab.
Additional data tab
Use the F1 help to find out more about the functions of these indicators.
1-1-2 Display the class 023_14 of the class type 023 Batch.
Which description does this class have?
_______________
Which status does this class have?
________________
Which characteristics are assigned to this class?
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Characteristics tab
________________
________________
During the course, the class 023_14 will be used for
classification of the raw materials used in the production.
1-1-3 Creating characteristics

In this exercise, you will first create the characteristics M3## and M6## in the
R/3 classification system. These characteristics will then serve as a basis for
class REAC_## that is also to be created for reaction vessels.
1-1-3-1
Create characteristic M3##:
Description
Surface coating
Data type
Character format
No. of char.
Value assignment
Single-value
A value assignment for the characteristic is required.

Restrict the possible characteristic values to the following:
Characteristic value
Description
Glass coated
Polyethylene coated
Stainless steel
Restrict the usage of the characteristics to the class type 019 Work
center class.
Save characteristic M3##.
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1-1-3-2
Create characteristic M6##:
Description
Revolutions per minute,

group ##
Data type
Numeric format
No. of char.
Decimal places
Unit
No entry
Value assignment
Multiple values
A value assignment for the characteristic is not required.

Interval values are allowed.
Enter a possible value range of 0 500.
Specify that the allowed values are displayed during value
assignment.
Restrict the usage of the characteristics to the class type 019 Work
center class.
Save the characteristic M6##.
1-1-4 Creating a class
Create the class REAC_## of the class type 019 Work center class.
Enter "Reaction vessel" as the description and assign the characteristics M3##
and M6##.
Save your class.
During the course, the class REAC_## will be used for the classification
of resources (reaction vessel). A resource selection based on previously
defined characteristic values will follow at a later time.
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5.16Solutions
Unit: R/3 Classification System
Topic: Characteristics and Classes
1-1

1-1-1 Display the characteristics M100 and M200.
Logistics -> Central Functions -> Classification System Master Data ->
Characteristics (Display)
Characteri
stic
Description
Data type
Unit of
measureme
nt
M100
Concentration
Numeric format
M200
Density
Numeric format
g/ccm
Which status do the characteristics have?

Released
What value assignments have been defined for the characteristics?
Single-value
Is a value assignment for a classified object required?
no
Are interval values allowed for the value assignment?
yes
Are you allowed to enter negative values?
no
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To which class types is the usage of the characteristics restricted?

Choose the Restrictions tab.
001 = Material class
022 = Batch (at plant level)
023 = Batch (at client or material level)
Within which value range are you allowed to assign a value to a characteristic?
Values tab
Characteristic
Allowed values
M100
2.0 - 98.0 %
M200
0.5000 -2.0000 g/ccm
Are you allowed to assign values that have not been defined as allowed values?
No
Additional data tab
The indicators are listed under "Procedure for value assignment" and "User
entries handling".
1-1-2 Display the class 023_14 of class type 023 Batch.
Class Management
(Display)
Which description does this class have?
Detergent production
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Which status does this class have?

Released
Which characteristics are assigned to this class?

Characteristics tab
M100 Concentration
M200 Density
1-1-3 Creating characteristics
Characteristics Management
(Create)
same as part 1-1-1
1.1.4
Creating a class
Class Management
(Create)
same as part 1-1-2
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6
Batches
Contents:
Material and Batch
Batch Management in the Logistics Process
Levels of Uniqueness of a Batch
Classification of a Material and a Batch - Characteristic
Inheritance
Batch-Specific Material Unit of Measure
Active Ingredient / Product Quantity Management
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6.2
Batches : Unit Objectives

Define the term "batch"
Describe how you can use batches in logistics
Use the levels of uniqueness for batches
Have batches inherit the characteristics of the top-
level materials
Make basic settings for active ingredient
management
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6.3
Overview Diagram 6
1
Introduction
PP-PI Overview
10 Phases
Materials
Batches
15 Recipe Approval

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6.4
Batches : Business Scenario
Since the production is to be handled in
batches, you will define, as the person

responsible for the basic data, the finished
product as subject to be handled in batches.
A raw material is also to be handled in batches.
You will define a batch master record for this

raw material.
You will then be able to make a posting of stock
for the raw material.

You will also check the settings for active
ingredient management.
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
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6.5
Material and Batch
Material Y-300
Yellow paint
Batch mgmt reqmt
Batch B1
Viscosity:
170 -178 cP
Covering property: 95.0 - 98 %
Wavelength:
580 -620 nm
Batch C2
Batch C3
Origin:
Origin:
Origin:
Process order 60000114
Specifications:
Specifications:
Specifications:
Viscosity:
Covering prop.:
Wavelength:
175 cP
97.0 %
589 nm
Viscosity:
Covering prop.:
Wavelength:
174 cP
97.0 %
605 nm
Viscosity:
Covering prop.:
Wavelength:
170 cP
96.0 %
595 nm
SAP AG 1999
In the R/3 System, batch master records depend on the corresponding material master records. Batches
are created for a material.
In general, the data of a material master record is valid for all batches assigned to it. In contrast, a batch
master record contains data that uniquely identifies a batch and characterizes it as a non-reproducible
unit.
If a material is to be produced in batches and is subject to inventory management, you must set the
Batch management indicator in one of the material master views of Purchasing, Work Scheduling, or
Storage.
You either create a batch master record directly during master data maintenance or the system creates it
in the background during the first goods movement.
(C) SAP AG
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6.6
Procurement
Production
Warehouse mgmt
Sales
Warehouse mgmt
A
B
Purchase
order
Batch
assignment
Warehouse
Process/
production
order
Warehouse
Sales
order
Batch
assignment
Batch determination
Batch determination
SAP AG 1999
R/3 batch management is used in all areas of logistics. A batch can be followed through the whole
logistics chain, from the entry of the raw materials to the production of the finished product, and all the
way to sales and delivery to the customer.
You can assign a batch to a material at various points in the logistics process by creating a batch master
record. For example, if the subset of a material that is subject to being handled in batches leaves a
production process with certain specifications, it is posted to stock with a batch number and can then be
clearly identified.
If you need a batch with certain specifications in the logistics process, you can find suitable batches from
the system in the stock using the batch determination function. In the production area, batch
determination is carried out in a process order to find and withdraw suitable material components for the
product to be produced.
(C) SAP AG
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6.7
Levels of Uniqueness of a Batch
Unique batch number

At client level
Material Y-300
Batch 1
In combination with a
material number
Material Y-300
Plant 1
In combination with a plant

and material
Plant 2
Material P-300
Batch 2
Batch 1
Material P-300
Plant 1
Plant 2
Batch 1
Batch 1
Material Y-300
Material P-300
Plant 1
Plant 2
Plant 1
Plant 2
Batch 1
Batch 1
Batch 1
Batch 1
SAP AG 1999
A material master record is identified by an alphanumeric material number. This material number is
unique at the client level.
A batch master record is identified by an alphanumeric batch number. You can choose the level at which
you want the batch number to be unique in accordance with the structure of your plant and company and
your operational requirements.
(C) SAP AG
LO305
6.8
Changing Batch Levels
Client level
Material level
Plant level
SAP AG 1999
You can select the validity of the batch in Customizing. Three batch levels are available. The default
setting in the standard system is the plant level.
You can change to a higher level at any time. However, if you want to change to a lower level, the
system only lets you change from the client level to the material level. You cannot change to the plant
level. This is due to the organization of the batch data, which must be converted each time you change
the batch level.
(C) SAP AG
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6.9
Converting Batch Numbers
Plant level
Plant level
Batch
C1
Plant 01
4712
C4
B2
C4
C1
B3
B2
C3
Batch
C3
B1
B3
4712
C4
B1
Material
Plant 02
Material
B2
Reorganization program
Batch
C1 C3 C4 B1 B2 B3
4712
Material level
Material
Material level
SAP AG 1999
If the batch number was unique at the plant level up to now, and you want to change the validity so that
it is unique only at the material level, you must convert the batch numbers when you make this change.
Up to now, you could issue the same batch number for one material number in each plant. The batches
did not need to be identical, since they were completely independent of each other. In this example, we
assume that the batch specifications are completely different.
When converting existing batch data, the system checks whether identical batch numbers exist. If all
batch numbers are unique at the new level (that is, the material level), the batch number can be converted
directly. If they are not unique, the system writes a log containing all batch numbers that cannot be
converted. You have to decide which batch numbers remain valid and which have to be posted to new
batches together with their stock. If you want the system to delete batches, you must set the deletion flag
and start a batch reorganization run.
You can use the conversion tool to display the current state of conversion. The system repeats the checks
again and again to find out if the existing batch numbers are unique at the new level. Use the test mode.
If the numbers are unique, you can carry out conversion.
At the new batch level, the batch number is unique for each material and is no longer additionally
distinguished by the plant.
(C) SAP AG
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6.10
Classification of a Material and a Batch Characteristic Inheritance
Class type "Batch"

Class 023_08
Color
Characteristics
Viscosity:
100 - 200 cP
Covering property:
0 - 100 %
Wavelength:
400 - 800 nm
Material Y-300
Yellow color
Viscosity:
170 -178 cP
Covering property: 95.0 - 98 %
Wavelength:
580 -620 nm
SAP AG 1999
C
h
a
r.
I
n
h
e
r
i
t
a
n
c
e
Batch B1
Viscosity:
174 cP
Covering property: 97.5 %
Wavelength:
589 nm
When defining the specifications for batch master records, the higher-level material master records are
assigned to classes belonging to class type batch. In these classes, all material and batch attributes are
stored as characteristics.
When you create a batch for a material, the batch is automatically assigned to the same class of class
type batch used to classify the material. This ensures that the same characteristics are used for the
material and the batch. In the R/3 System, this is called characteristic inheritance.
Class type batch specifies a hierarchical relationship between the object types "material" and "batch".
The batch inherits the material's characteristics. The specifications for the individual batches are stored
as characteristic values.
You can define value ranges or fixed values for a characteristic of a class. These specify a maximum
value range that applies to all objects assigned to this class, in this case materials and batches.
In the material master record, you can further restrict the values preset by the characteristics. These
restrictions are inherited by the batch of the material. You can then only assign values to the
characteristics of the batch that lie within the range specified for the material.
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6.11
Creating Classes for Batches I
Viscosity
Color
Epoxy no.
Volatile portion
Classification system
5000 - 12000
0-5
23 - 25
0.00 - 0.50
Create characteristics.
Class X
Create a class.
Use the class type for batches.
Class Type "Batch"
Characteristics
Class X
Viscosity
Color
Epoxy no.
Volatile portion
Assign characteristics to
the class.
SAP AG 1999
The classification system must be set up such that the specifications of a material and its batches can be
stored as classification data.
First, you define the properties that you want to specify the material and the batches.
These properties are stored in the classification system as characteristics.
You now create the classes that you want to use for the material and the batches. You can create a
selection of various classes for this purpose. Later, you can only assign one class to the material and the
batch. You thus do not set up multiple classification.
You have to assign class type 022 or 023, as these have been set up in the standard system
specifically for batches. The applicable class type depends on the batch level you have selected.
If you have specified plant level as the validity range of the batch in Customizing, you must select
class type 022 in the standard system. Otherwise, class type 023 is valid. The system automatically
suggests the correct class type.
In the last step, you assign the characteristics to the class. When doing so, you can restrict the value
ranges even further.
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6.12
Creating Classes for Batches II
Materials management
Class Type "Batch"

Class X
Classify your material with

the batch class.
Material
Epoxy resin Y
Viscosity
Color
Epoxy no.
Volatile portion
5000 - 8000
0-5
23 - 25
0.00 - 0.50
Post a batch to the material.
Batch
Epoxy resin Y1
Viscosity
Color
Epoxy no.
Volatile portion
Assign allowed characteristic

values to your batch.
7250
1-3
23 - 25
0.30
SAP AG 1999
In Materials Management, you create the material master record and batch master record. You must
classify the material to be able to use the entire functionality of batch management.
You assign the batch class in the classification view of the material master.
You can restrict all value ranges of batch characteristics.
When you create a batch for this material, the system automatically copies the classification data of the
material and proposes the value ranges of the characteristics.
The system checks whether the characteristic values you entered lie within the value range if you have
defined the characteristics accordingly. For the system to be able to do so, you may not set the
Additional values indicator.
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6.13
The Batch Where-Used List at Several Production
Levels
Top
down
Customer A
Customer B
Customer order
Customer C
Customer order
Customer order
F1
F2
Production order
Production
Production order
order
H1
H2
Production order
Production order
R1
R2
F=Finished prod.
H=Semi-fin. prod.
R=Raw material
Purchase
order
Vendor
Bottom
up
SAP AG 1999
The batch where-used list follows the path of a batch using inventory management. Each batch receives
its document journal from the first posting to stock to the withdrawal from stock. Additionally, each link
between batches is documented at every production level all the way to the customer order and the batch
split.
The path of a batch is only registered when an inventory posting has taken place. The numbers of the
reference documents, such as the production order and the customer order, are recorded along with the
material document.
The display variations "top down" and "bottom up" describe the view direction using the "family tree" of
the batch.
The batch where-used list can also be processed graphically.
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6.14
Batch-Specific Material Unit of Measure
BatchBatch-specific material unit

An alternative unit of measure of a material, for which
you can define the conversion ratio into the base unit
of measure on a batch-specific basis.
Batch-specific material units of measure are:
Proportion unit
Product unit
Proportion and product units for batch-specific

materials can be used in all processes in the logistics
chain.
SAP AG 1999
Proportion unit:
Unit of measure in which you can enter proportions of the base unit of a material. The total or physical
quantity can consist of several proportions.
Product unit
Unit of measure which describes the total quantity of a material as an alternative to the base unit of
measure.
You use batch-specific units of measure when the ratio for conversion from the unit of measure into the
base unit of measure can differ from batch to batch.
While the conversion ratio for the alternative units of measure is fixed in the base unit of measure in the
material, for the proportion unit and the product unit you define the following:
-The planned conversion ratio in the material
-The actual conversion ratio in the batch
As long as the batch is not known, the system uses the planned conversion ratio from the material when
converting to the base quantity. As soon as the batch is known, the system uses the actual conversion
ratio from the batch.
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6.15
Batch-Specific Units of Measure as an Attribute of
a Batch
Batch-specific
unit 1 PC
equals 110 KG
Contains 0.7
liters active
ingredient / liter
A
Batch
Expires on
12/31/99
Melting point at
45 C
SAP AG 1999
The specification contains the description of the batch. It may also contain measured values and quality
characteristics, plus details concerning the usability of the batch and whether it is locked. Important date
specifications may also be included, such as the expiration date, the last goods receipt date, and so on.
The active ingredient proportion is one of the criteria that should be used to differentiate between
batches of the same material. For this reason it is integrated into the batch specification.
Likewise, the conversion factor between alternative units of measure and base units of measure in a
batch forms a characteristic, which can be valuated differently from batch to batch.
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6.16
Integration of Batch-Specific Units of Measure
Batch Management
Batch-Specific
Unit of Measure
Classification
SAP AG 1999
In the R/3 System, batch-specific units of measure (active ingredient management and product units) are
handled in Batch Management.
The active ingredient potency of a batch is stored in the batch's specification along with the batchspecific ratio between the alternative unit of measure and the base unit of measure.
Batch Management uses those features found in the classification system. The characteristic values in
the batch classification form the specification.
To use batch-specific units of measure, you must have Batch Management set up, the class system must
be in use, and the material concerned must be able to be handled in batches.
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6.17
Physical Quantity and Active Ingredient Quantity
Full quantity:
500 l
Full quantity: 500 l
90% a.i.
50% a.i.
Full quantity:
500 l
92% a.i.
SAP AG 2001
If active ingredients are not suitable for storage on their own, they are stored together with carrier
materials. A combination of a carrier material and an active ingredient is called a physical quantity or a
weighed quantity. The terms mixed quantity and telquel quantity are also common.
The situation is similar if materials contain impurities of varying degrees.
The amount of active ingredient in a material is its active ingredient quantity.
The potency (of active ingredient) varies within a material to a certain degree.
A material can contain more than one different active ingredient.
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6.18
The Central Unit of Measure for Active Ingredients
BOM
Proportion
Unit
Sales
Inventory
Management
Purchasing
C B
A
SAP AG 1999
The proportion unit can be seen as a core element which is found throughout the applications and is used
to reproduce the active ingredient potency of a material.
The conversion between the proportion unit and the base unit of measure is continuously maintained in
the background and can be displayed by each of the respective applications.
The physical quantity is measured in base units of measure, whereas the active ingredient is measured in
proportion units.
In Logistics you may enter the active ingredient quantity instead of the physical quantity.
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6.19
Relation of Units of Measure
Proportion unit
Liter of fruit
Ratio
Liter of active
ingredient per
liter
LF
=
Base unit of
measure
Liter
LIL
SAP AG 2001
The base unit of measure is the leading unit of measure for a material containing active ingredients. You
post the materials in this unit. If an entry is made in proportion units, the system converts this to base
units of measure before posting.
The proportion unit is based on the active ingredient. If a material contains more than one active
ingredient, separate proportion units must be defined for each active ingredient so that they can be
clearly distinguished.
You store a ratio to convert quantities between the proportion unit and the base unit of measure. This
constitutes a separate unit of measurement.
In this example, the active ingredient "fruit" is measured in liters. LIL was defined as the proportion unit
for the purpose of measuring an active ingredient.
The liters of fruit are based on one liter of the physical quantity.
The ratio is recorded in the unit of measurement LIL.
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6.20
Percentage and User-defined Calculation
User-defined
calculation
Percentage
calculation
Characteristic
units of
measure
measure the active
ingredient proportion
in relation to the base
unit of measure
LIL
LF / L
SAP AG 2001
If the active ingredient proportion for a batch is known, the active ingredient quantity can be calculated
from the base quantity. The relation between the potency of the active ingredient and the base quantity is
stored in Customizing, and assigned to a characteristic unit of measurement.
If the relation is measured by percentage, the conversion is specified by definition.
If the relation is user-defined, any formula can be stored that describes the relationship between the
proportion unit and base unit of measure.
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6.21
Active Ingredient Characteristics
Which active ingredient ?
Fruit
Data type: numeric
LF
What is the ratio?

Value assignment: singlevalue
LIL=
(%) L
SAP AG 1999
The characteristic description specifies the active ingredient on which the data is based and a unique
assignment is made. For this reason, you should define one characteristic for each active ingredient.
The relationship between active ingredient potency and physical quantity must be entered as a unit of
measurement when you create the characteristic.
The characteristic must be numerical and a single value.
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6.22
Linking Master Data I
Char. potency
(act. ingred.)
xy
Batch 1
Batch 2
A
Batch 3
Batch class
Transfers
specification
Material
SAP AG 1999
The potency of the active ingredient in a material forms part of its specification.
If the potency is not constant, the different specified material inventories should be managed separately.
This is carried out by the Batch Management component of the R/3 System. Each batch bears its own
characteristic values.
Batch specifications are stored in the classification system as characteristics. The ratio between the
active ingredient and the base quantity is linked to a characteristic, and potency of active ingredient is
stored as its characteristic value. In this way, the ratio becomes the characteristic unit of measurement.
The active ingredient characteristic contains the information about the active ingredient concerned and
the ratio of the proportion of physical quantity to the base unit of measure.
The ratio between the potency of active ingredient and the physical quantity is stored in one batch
characteristic and thus becomes part of the specification.
The material transfers the information to its batches.
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6.23
Linking Master Data II
Material Master
View
S = Subs.
Char. potency
(act. ingred.)
Ratio LIL
(%)
Unit of
measurement
LIL (%)
Batch class
LF <=> L
SAP AG 1999
Active ingredient characteristics are assigned the special view 'S' within the batch class.
Characteristics with this view are recognized when you maintain the material master. The information
for conversion between active ingredient and physical quantity is transferred to the material master.
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6.24
Maintaining Units of Measurement in the Material
Master
View:
Proportion/product unit
Characteristic Plnd value Unit of meas. Prop. unit
Fruit
potency
0.75
(75)
LF
LIL (%)
Material
LF <=> L
X
75
Prop. unit <=>

LF
<=>
Base unit
100
Liter
SAP AG 1999
After the classification view has been maintained, the system establishes whether any active ingredient
characteristics are present.
You must complete the information in the Proportion/Product Unit view. The system requires a planned
value for the active ingredient proportion.
The planned value specifies the expected mixing ratio between active ingredient and physical quantity in
the characteristic unit of measurement.
If the actual proportion of active ingredient in a batch is not known for a particular business
transaction, the system uses the planned value from the material master.
The planned value for the conversion between active ingredient and physical quantity is transferred
to the units of measure table automatically.
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6.25
Batches : Unit Summary
A batch is a subset of a material with unique
specifications.
The level of the uniqueness of a batch can be
changed.
A batch that has been created for a material
automatically belongs to the same class or has the

same characteristics (characteristic inheritance).
A batch-specific material unit of measure is
required for active ingredient management.
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
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6.26Exercises
Unit: Batches

Classify batches
Describe characteristic inheritance
Make settings for active ingredient management
Since the production is to take place in batches, define the finished
product as a material to be handled in batches.
A raw material is also to be handled in batches. A batch master record is
to be defined for this raw material.
Quantities are to be posted stock.
To be able to carry out active ingredient management at a later time,
maintain the required settings.
1-1
Material to be handled in batches

Check whether the Batch management indicator is set for both the finished product TFD1## and its raw material T-RD1##.
Select view(s):
General Plant Data/storage 1
Organizational level:Plant 1100

Check whether the availability check for batches (CH) is set for the raw material TRD1## in the MRP 3 view.
1-2
Classification of materials in the class type Batch

1-2-1 Classify your finished product T-FD1## in class 023_15 Detergent of class type
023 Batch.
Select view(s):Classification
Class type: 023 Batch
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Assign the following characteristic values:

Density:
1.10 -1.20 g/ccm
Save your entry.

1-2-2 Classify your raw material T-RD1## (Sulfuric acid) in the class 023_14
Detergent of the class type 023 Batch.
Concentration 40 60 %
Density
1.30 -1.50 g/ccm
Save your entries.
1-3
Characteristic inheritance
1-3-1 Create the batch master record CH_1 for material T-RD1##.
To which class is the batch assigned?
________________
Classification tab
Within which value range can the characteristics be assigned values? Why?
______________________________
______________________________
Concentration 50 %
Density
(C) SAP AG
1.39 g/ccm
LO305
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Save the batch master record.

1-3-2 Post a goods receipt of 500,000 L of batch CH_1 of material T-RD1## in
storage location 0002 of plant 1100.
Use movement type 501.
Save the goods receipt and then check the stock for material T-RD1##.
1-3-3 Post another goods receipt (movement type 501) for batch CH_2 of material TRD1## in storage location 0002 of plant 1100.
The system creates the batch master record in the background. Before posting
the goods receipt, the system displays the characteristics of the new batch CH_2
for value assignment.
Concentration 40 %
Density
1.30 g/ccm
Post your goods receipt.
1-4
Settings for active ingredient management

You have two materials, fruit premix T-RJ1## and lemon juice T-RJ2##, which contain
the active ingredients fruit and acid. You want to change the logistic management for
the materials. You want to be able to work with the material quantity and with the
active ingredient quantity for the materials. Active ingredient management will allow
you to do this. You need two batch-specific material units of measure (proportion
units).
1-4-1 Check whether the required units of measure are maintained. What are the
descriptions for the following units of measurement?
LF = _________________________________
LS = _________________________________
1-4-2
(C) SAP AG
Make sure that the use of batch-specific units of measure is activated!
LO305
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1-4-3 To which base unit of measure are the batch-specific units of measure LF and
LS referenced?
______________________________________________________
1-4-4 Notice the definition of the characteristic unit of measurement % for the
proportion calculation.
Notice that in the case of proportion calculation in percent, the unit of
measurement is defined in connection with the batch-specific units of measure
and base units of measure.
Now notice the definition of the characteristic unit of measurement LIL.
What are the batch-specific units of measure and the base unit of measure
from which it is calculated?
LIL
__________________________________________________
1-4-5 Display the material master records for the materials fruit juice T-FJ1##, fruit
premix T-RJ1##, and lemon juice T-RJ2##. Which data is maintained in their
classification views?
Char. values: Char. values:
Material: Class:
Fruit content Acid content
T-FJ1##
T-RJ1##
T-RJ2##
1-4-6 Check whether the organizational area S is maintained in the basic data and in
the characteristics for the classes found under 1-4-5. Display the material
master of the raw material T-RJ1##.
1-4-7 What are the characteristic names that belong to the characteristic descriptions
fruit content and acid content?
Fruit content = ____________________________
Acid content = ____________________________
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1-4-8 Check whether the characteristics mentioned in 1-4-7 have the following
settings:
The status is released.
The data type is numeric.
The value assignment is a single value and no negative values are allowed.
Which unit of measurement is maintained for these two characteristics?
_______________________________
1-4-9 What is the planned value defined for the fruit content on the
Proportion/prod. unit tab in the additional data for material T-RJ1##?
___________________________________
Look at the Units of measure tab.
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6.27Solutions
Unit: Batches
1-1
Material to be handled in batches

Material -> Display -> Display current
Select view(s):
General plant data/storage 1
Organizational levels:
1-2
Plant 1100
Classification of materials in the class type Batch

1-2-1 Classify your finished product T-FD1## in class 023_15 Detergent of class type
023 Batch.
Material Change Immediately
Select view(s):
Classification
Class type:
023 Batch
Assign characteristic values to class.

1-2-2 Classify your raw material T-RD1## (Sulfuric acid) in the class 023_14
Detergent of the class type 023 Batch.
same as in 1-2-1
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1-3
Characteristic inheritance
1-3-1 Create the batch master record CH_1 for material T-RD1##.
SAP standard menu ->Logistics->production-Process->Master Data/ Material
master menu / Batch -> Create
Classification tab
To which class is the batch assigned?
023_14
Within which value range can the characteristics be assigned values? Why?
40 60 %
1.3 -1.5 g/ccm
The value range of the characteristics was defined in classification Part 1-2-2.
1-3-2 Goods receipt for batch created
Goods receipt:
SAP standard menu Logistics Materials Management Inventory
Management Goods Movement Goods Receipt Other
Post goods receipt (save)
Check stock:
SAP Menu Logistics Production -Process Master Data Material
Master Other Stock Overview
1-3-3 Goods receipt for batch not created
Goods receipt:
SAP Menu Logistics Materials Management Inventory
Management Goods Movement Goods Receipt Other
Assign characteristic values to class.
Post goods receipt (save)
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1-4
Settings for active ingredient management:

1-4-1

Reference IMG General Settings Check Units of Measurement.
Choose Units of measurement (no dimension).
LF = L fruit
LS = L acid (= L Sure)
1-4-2 Tools AcceleratedSAP Customizing Project Management SAP

Reference IMG Logistics - General Batch Management Batch
Specific Material Units of Measure Activate Batch-Specific Material Units
of Measure
1-4-3

Reference IMG Logistics - General Batch Management BatchSpecific Material Unit of Measure Edit Batch-Specific Material Unit of
Measure
Both batch-specific units of measure reference a liter.
1-4-4

Reference IMG Logistics - General Batch Management BatchSpecific Material Unit of Measure Calculate Proportional Factors
Define Percentage Calculation
Reference IMG Logistics - General Batch Management BatchSpecific Material Units of Measure Calculate Proportional Factors
Define Calculation of Proportion Quantity from Base Quantity
LIL
= Liter of active ingredient / liter
1-4-5 SAP Standard Menu Logistics Production - Process Master Data

Material Master Material Display Display Current
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Display the Classification view for each of the materials.

Char. values: Char. values:
Material: Class:
Fruit content Acid content
T-FJ1##
023_20
35 40 %
2 2.2 %
T-RJ1##
023_20
80 100 %
35%
T-RJ2##
023_21
40 80 %
1-4-6 SAP Standard Menu Logistics Production - Process Master Data

Raw material T-RJ1##
View: Classification
Position cursor on the class entry and choose Environment Display master
data
Basic data and Characteristics tabs
Both the class and the characteristics are maintained for application view S.
1-4-7
SAP Standard Menu Logistics Production - Process Master Data

data. Choose the Characteristics tab.
Fruit content = ______M800______________________
Acid content = ______M900_________________
1-4-8
SAP Standard Menu Logistics Production - Process Master Data

data
Characteristics tab
Double-click Characteristics.
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The characteristics M800 and M900 are both released, numeric, and singlevalue. Negative values are not allowed, and they are assigned to a class type
batch. For both characteristics, the unit of measure % (percent) is maintained.
1-4-9 SAP standard menu Logistics Production - Process Master Data
Select Basic data view 1, choose Additional data, and then choose the
Proportion/prod. unit tab.
The planned value for the fruit content is 85 %. The conversion ratio is entered
on the Units of measure tab.
As long as the batch is not known, the system uses the planned
conversion ratio from the material when converting to the base
quantity. As soon as the batch is known, the system uses the actual
conversion ratio from the batch.
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7
Contents:
General data for resources
Planning data
Data for capacity requirements planning
Costing data
Default capacity
SAP AG 1999
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7.2
Resources: Customizing: Unit Objectives

Make user-specific settings for the resource
master record
Maintain general data for resources
Define formulas for resources
Create a default capacity
Prepare for the creation of a default resource
SAP AG 1999
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7.3
Overview Diagram 7
1
Introduction
PP-PI Overview
10 Operations and Phases
Materials
Batches
15 Recipe Approval
Master Recipes:

SAP AG 1999
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7.4
Resources: Customizing: Business Scenario
Your company wants to reorganize the resources

used for detergent production.
You are responsible for setting up and maintaining
the resources. You will make preparations for the
creation of a default resource in Customizing.
You will also define an available capacity for the
corresponding capacity category.
SAP AG 1999
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7.5
Resources in the Company
Processing unit
Waste disposal
facility
Labor
Resources
Transport
Energy
Means of production and persons in the production process that have capacities
assigned to them. Resources are subdivided into resource categories.
SAP AG 1999
Resources are the main planning instruments of production planning and control. The data you maintain
for a resource is, for example, used for:
Scheduling process orders
Product and order costing
Resources are grouped in resource categories on the basis of their usage and function. You can define
your own resource categories in Customizing.
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7.6
Resource Master Record
Plant
Resource
Basic data
Resource description
Default values
Capacities
Scheduling
Costing
General data
Resource category
Person responsible
Standard value maintenance
Descrpts.
Admin. data
Classification
Subsystems
SAP AG 1999
The data in the resource is used, for example, for:
Basic data
When creating a resource, you enter general basic data before you maintain specific data such as
standard values, capacity data, or scheduling data.
Simplification of operation maintenance
Various default values can be maintained in the resource for operations.
Scheduling
Formulas for calculating operation duration can be maintained here.
Costing
Formulas for calculating the operation costs are maintained in the resource. In addition, a resource
is assigned to a cost center.
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Formulas for calculating capacity requirements of an operation can be maintained here.
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7.7
Functions of the Resource Category
Usage
Default resource
Recipes
Basic data
Routings for
plant maintenance
Scheduling
.
.
.
.
.
.
Resource
category
Control of field and screen selection
SAP AG 1999
Resources are grouped in resource categories on the basis of their usage and function.
You can define your own resource categories in Customizing.
Resource categories have the following functions:
Each resource category is assigned one or more task list types in Customizing. A task list
application groups one or more task list types. This assignment specifies the task list types for
which a resource of a certain category can be used. Task list types are, for instance, master recipes,
maintenance task lists, inspection plans. In PP-PI, the task list type "master recipes" is used.
In Customizing, you can maintain a default resource for each resource category and plant. When
you create a resource, the data maintained for the default resource is transferred to this resource as
default values.
In Customizing, you can define the screen sequence and field selection for resource maintenance
for each resource category.
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7.8
Field Selection
Input in modifiable
field (for all
resource types)
Modifiable field
Input in influencing
field (enter resource
type)
Input
Req. Disp.
Hide
HiLi
Field 1
Field 2
Field 3
Field 5
Field 6
Field 7
SAP AG 1999
In Customizing for Resources, you can use field modification to influence the attributes of individual
fields shown on the resource maintenance screens. You can specify how specific data fields are
displayed. You have the following options for data fields:
Input field
Required input field
Display field
The field is hidden.
The field is highlighted.
You can decide whether the fields are to be modifiable or influencing for each screen group.
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7.9
Capacity and Available Capacity
Class
A
PHQU
VAR = DV *
BAQU
Capacities
Capacity
A capacity refers to the ability to perform a specific task.
SAP AG 1999
A capacity refers to the ability to perform a specific task. Together with the available capacity and
capacity loads collected for them, capacities are the central planning unit for capacity requirements
planning.
You can assign any number of capacities of different capacity categories to one resource. You can
maintain variable availability in time for each capacity. The available capacity is the ability of a capacity
to perform a specific task in a certain period of time.
The available capacity is determined using work start and finish times, break times, rate of capacity
utilization, and the number of individual capacities.
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7.10
Capacity Categories for a Resource
Energy
Resource
Processing unit 1
Machine
Personnel
Resource
Processing unit 2
Pooled
capacity
Steam
Available capacity
SAP AG 1999
The ability of a resource to perform a specific task is limited in time. In the R/3 System, this limited
availability is expressed by capacities.
Available capacities form the basis of scheduling for process orders and are required for capacity
planning and shop floor control. Formulas are assigned to resources in order to calculate execution times
and capacity requirements of operations.
You can assign any number of capacities of different capacity categories to one resource. However, per
capacity category, you can only assign exactly one capacity.
A capacity category is a description that classifies capacities and can be defined by the user in
Customizing. Capacity categories are, for example, machine capacities, labor capacities, and energy.
You create the available capacity that is to apply to only one specific resource as a resource capacity in
the resource itself. Capacities that are used by several capacities, such as a common steam reservoir or
the clean-out team, are created as pooled capacities and assigned to the resources.
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7.11
Formulas in the Resource
Resource
Execution times
Formulas
Capacity requirements
Production costs
SAP AG 1999
To calculate costs, execution times, and capacity requirements of phases carried out at a resource,
enter a formula key that refers to a suitable formula on the corresponding screens of the resource.
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7.12
Example of a Formula
General operation
values
Operation quantity
Formula constant
Resource output
Standard values
Formula
Base quantity
Duration
Base output
Total time =
Operation qty
Base quantity
Base output
Res. output
X Duration
SAP AG 2001
Formulas and formula parameters are defined in Customizing.

Formula parameters that you can use include standard values, constants defined in the resource (for
example, resource output) as well as general operation values in master recipes or process orders (for
example, operation quantity).
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7.13
Customizing a Default Resource
Define default
resource
Define
formula
parameter
1.3
1.2
1.1
Define
default capacity
Define area of
responsibility
for cap. req. planning
Create capacity category
Define
standard
value key
Define
formula key
Define control key
2.4
Define task list usage
2.3
Define person
responsible for resources
2.2
Define resource category
2.1
SAP AG 1999
When you define a default resource in Customizing, you can maintain the following data:
Capacity category, area of responsiblility for capacity requirements planning, default capacities
Resource category, person responsible for resources
Task list usage, control key
Formula parameter, standard value key, formula key
The default resources defined in Customizing can be used as a basis for creating new resources in PP-PI.
The previously defined default resources are copied when you go through the individual resource
screens.
For each resource category, you can define exactly one default resource in Customizing.
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7.14
Resources: Customizing: Unit Summary
You are now able to:

Make settings for the field selection in the
resource master record
Explain the structure and use of the formulas for
the resource
Make the Customizing settings required to create
a default resource
SAP AG 1999
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7.15Exercises
Unit: Resources - Customizing

Make general Customizing settings for resources
Define default capacities
Maintain formula parameters and formulas
Your company wants to reorganize the resources used for detergent
production.
You are responsible for setting up and maintaining the resources. You are
also responsible for creating a default resource in Customizing.
The available capacity for the resource must also be defined.
1-1
Resource data overview

To get a general overview of the screens and fields of a resource, look through those
for resource T-IC1## for plant 1100. Write down the corresponding entries in the tables
below.
Use F1 to find out more about the meaning and functions of individual data fields. Use
F4 to have the possible entry values displayed for each data field.
1-1-1 Basic data tab
Description
Resource category
Person responsible
Task list usage
Standard value key
Parameters assigned
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1-1-2 Default values tab

Control key
Unit of measure of standard
values
1-1-3 Capacities tab
Capacity category
Formula key
(Formula assigned for capacity requirements determination)
1-1-4 Scheduling tab
Capacity category
Duration of internal
processing
(Formula assigned for calculating the phase duration)
1-1-5 Costing tab
Validity
Controlling area
Cost center
Activity type
Formula key
(Formula assigned for activity cost calculation)
From the resource menu, go to the SAP Library. Familiarize yourself with the
information available on resources in the R/3 documentation.
Choose Default resource in the index to display information about the function
of a default resource.
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1-2
General data and task list data for resources

In this exercise, you will become familiar with the most important Customizing
settings for resources. IMG texts are available for the individual Customizing activities,
which you can display if you need help making Customizing settings. Furthermore,
you can use the F1 and F4 help.
Tools -> Accelerated SAP -> Customizing ->Project management -> SAP Reference
IMG -> Production Planning for Process Industries -> Master Data -> Resource ->
(..)
1-2-1 Defining a resource category
Define the resource category RE## "Processing unit gr##".
(...) -> Resource -> General Data -> Define Resource Category (Work Center
Category)
Copy the field selection and the screen sequence of the existing resource
category 0008.
Specify that change documents are to be written for the resources of the
category RE##.
Assign the task list usage for recipes to resource category RE##.
1-2-2 Defining a person responsible for a resource
Define the person responsible R## "Person responsible for resource group##"
for plant 1100.
(...) -> General Data -> Determine Person Responsible
1-2-3 Defining a task list usage
Define the task list usages O## "Recipe & Order group##" and C## "Recipe
until release group##".
(...) -> General Data -> Define Task List Usage
Assign both task list usages to the task list type Master recipe.
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Indicate that a resource with a task list usage of C## can only be used until
phase release, operation release, or order release.
1-2-4 Defining a control key
Define control key K1## "Cost., Sched., Cap. Grp.##" and K2## "Cost., Sched.,
Cap., QM Grp.##'".
(...) -> Resource -> Master Recipe -> Data for Operations and Phases ->
Define Control Key
Set the Scheduling indicator, Det. Cap. Reqmnts indicator, and Cost indicator
for both control keys.
For control key K2##, also set the Insp. char. required indicator.
Confirmations for the phases with this control key are possible, but not
required.
1-2-5 Defining the field selection
Which field groups of the basic data screen group are defined as required
entries for resource category 0008?
(...) -> Resource -> General Data -> Define Field Selection
_______________________ and
1-3
_______________________
Data on capacity requirements planning

(..)
1-3-1 Creating capacity categories
Create the capacity category M## "Processing unit##" and P## "Personnel
Group##".
(...) -> Capacity Requirements Planning -> Define Capacity Categories
Define capacity category P## as personnel capacity. Which function is made
possible by setting the CapCatPers indicator?
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______________________________________________
______________________________________________
Save your entries.
1-3-2
Defining an area of responsibility for capacity requirements planning.

Define the responsible capacity requirements planner group C## "Cap. planner
grp.##".
(...) -> Capacity Requirements Planning -> Determine Capacity Planner
1-3-3 Defining default capacities

Define default capacities for the capacity categories M## and P## in plant 1100.
(...) -> Capacity Requirements Planning -> Define Default Capacity
Define the following default values for both capacity categories:
Capacity planner group
C##
Factory calendar ID
01
Base unit of measure
Standard avail. capacity
Start: 00:00:00
Finish:
Capacity utilization
100
No. of indiv. cap.
24:00:00
The capacity categories are to be relevant for finite scheduling. This means that
the available capacity is taken into account during capacity requirements
planning.
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1-4
Creating formulas for resources

(..)
1-4-1 Defining formula parameters
Define the following formula parameters:
(...) -> General Data -> Standard Value -> Define Parameters
Param
Origin
Short
keyword and
keyword
Dim.
Std value
Std
value
unit.
DF##
Fixed time
TIME
DV##
Var. dur.
TIME
Field
name
BAQU##
Base quantity
BMSCH
PHQU##
Phase qty
MGVRG
The parameters DF## and DV## are the standard values for
the operation.
The parameters BAQU## and PHQU## are general
operation values for the recipe or process order. The
operation values are transferred to the formula parameters by
way of their field names.
1-4-2 Defining a standard value key
Define the standard value key SK## "Fixed and variable time gr##" and assign
the standard values DF## and DV## to it.
(...) -> General Data -> Standard Value -> Define Standard Value Keys
Also set the Generate indicator. You use this indicator to control whether a
coding (ABAP command) is generated for a standard value key.
1-4-3 Defining formula keys
Define the following formulas:
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(...) -> Capacity Requirements Planning -> Resource (Work Center)

Formulas -> Define Formulas for Resources (Work Centers)
or
(...) -> Costing -> Resource (Work Center) Formulas -> Define Formulas for
Resource (Work Center)
Formula
Description
Formula definition
FIX##
Fixed duration
DF##
VAR##
Duration, qty-dep.
DV## * PHQU## / BAQU##
DUR##
Total duration
DF## +DV## * PHQU## / BAQU##
Be sure to put a space between each parameter and the adjacent operator. Set
the Generate indicator for each one.
Also allow the use of the formula for costing, capacity requirements
determination, and scheduling.
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7.16Solutions
Unit: Resources - Customizing
1-1
Resource data overview

Resources menu: Resource -> Display
1-1-1 Basic data tab
Description
Mixing tank
Resource category
0008
Person responsible
I##
Task list usage
PI2
Standard value key
SAP8
Parameters assigned
Fixed time
1-1-2 Default values tab

Control key
PI01
Unit of measure of
standard values
min.
1-1-3 Capacities tab

Capacity category assigned
008
Formula key
SAPL61
1-1-4 Scheduling tab
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Capacity category assigned
008
Formula key
SAPL61
1-1-5 Costing tab
1-2
Validity
01.01.1998 12.31.9999
Controlling area
1000
Cost center
4271
Activity type
1420
Formula key
SAPL61
General data and task list data for resources

1-2-1 to 1-2-4
Enter the Customizing settings as described in the exercise.
1-2-5 Defining the field selection
Position the cursor on the screen group Basic data. Choose Influencing and
enter 0008 (resource category processing unit) as the influencing value.
Choose Enter.
The following are required fields:
Usage
1-3
and
Person responsible
Data on capacity requirements planning

1-3-1 Creating capacity categories
(...) Resource -> Capacity requirements planning -> Define Capacity
Categories
Define capacity category P## as a personnel capacity. Which function is made
possible by setting the CapCatPers indicator?
You set this indicator to specify that persons can be assigned to this capacity
category as single capacities.
1-3-2 to 1-3-3
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1-4
Creating formulas for resources

1-4-1 to 1-4-3
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8
Contents:
Resource management
Cost center assignment
Available capacity
Resource network
Classification
Evaluation options
SAP AG 1999
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8.2
Resources: Functions: Unit Objectives

Create a default resource and resource master
record
Maintain available capacities
Create resource networks
Define selection criteria for a system-aided
resource selection
Execute evaluations
SAP AG 1999
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8.3
Overview Diagram 8
1
Introduction
PP-PI Overview
Materials
Batches
15 Recipe Approval
Master Recipes:

SAP AG 1999
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8.4
Resources: Functions: Business Scenario
You will create the master records for resources

that are used for detergent production in your
company.
You will also allow the resources to be selected
just before production begins.
SAP AG 1999
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8.5
Resource Data I
General data
Default values
for operations in
master recipe
Costing data
Name and description

Person responsible
Task list usage
Standard value key
Basic data
Default values
Control key
Standard text key
Wage data
Cost center
assignment
Cost center
Activity types
Formula key
SAP AG 1999
You can find resource-related data on several screens. This graphic shows some of the most important
resource data.
On the Basic Data screen, you define a person or group of persons responsible for the maintenance of
the master data of this resource. By defining the task list usage, you also specify the task list types (such
as master recipe, equipment task list, or inspection plans) in which the resource can be used and whether
the resource can be used in orders.
By entering a standard value key, a resource is assigned standard values for operations in master
recipes or process orders to be executed at this resource. A standard value is a planned value used to
carry out an operation, such as the execution time. Standard values are used in costing, scheduling, and
capacity requirements planning to calculate costs, execution times, and capacity requirements.
You can enter default values for the operation to be executed at a resource. When you maintain the
operations in the master recipe or process order, the system copies or references this information. You
can, for instance, propose a control key. A control key specifies how an operation is to be processed
from a business point of view.
By assigning a cost center to a resource, you link the resource to cost accounting and can now carry out
product and order costing. You can define the specific output of a resource by assigning activity types
which are defined for the cost center.
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8.6
Resource Data II
Capacity data
Scheduling
data
HR data /
Qualifications
Capacity
Available capacity
Formula key
Scheduling
Scheduling basis
Formula key
Assignments
Persons
Positions
Qualifications
SAP AG 1999
Available capacities of resources are the basis for scheduling process orders. They are also required for
capacity requirements planning and shop floor control.
In order to calculate the execution time of an operation during process order scheduling, the available
capacity of exactly one of several possible resource capacities is defined as the basis for scheduling.
To calculate costs, execution times, and capacity requirements of phases carried out at a resource, enter a
formula key that refers to a suitable formula in the corresponding screens.
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8.7
Resource Management Views
Resource
network
Classification
Personnel
Class
A
Formulas
VAR = DV *
Capacities
PHQU
BAQU
Cost center
assignment
SAP AG 1999
Resources are used in the operations of the recipes and the process orders.
With the resource, you can
Determine which processing units, persons, or other resources are to be used in the operations and
phases of the recipe.
Specify costs, capacity requirements, and dates for the operations and phases.
Persons are assigned to the resource to determine which employees are to work at this resource.
Costs, execution times, and the capacity requirements of the resource can be calculated from standard
values using formulas.
Activity types that are linked to a cost center are assigned to a resource via the cost center. You can
calculate in-house costs of an operation by assigning the resource to a cost center.
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8.8
Cost Center / Activity Type / Resource
Resource
Cost Center
Formula
Activity types
F1
F2
.
.
.
(max. 6)
A
B
Charge rates
USD 10/h
USD 20/h
.
.
Example :
Formula F1
Operation qty
Base quantity
Standard
Base output
Rate for
activity type A
x Duration = Total time
Res. output
values
USD 10/h
Total time x Charge rate = COSTS
Operation
values
Resource constant
SAP AG 2001
The costs incurred due to the use of a resource in a phase must be calculated in production and order
costing. For this, you must maintain costing data in the resource.
The link to cost accounting is created by assigning a cost center to a resource.
For a specified validity period, you can assign a resource to one cost center only.
The specific output of a resource is defined by assigning activity types specified in the cost centers to
the resource. Each activity type is valued with specific charge rates.
The output (= total time) of a resource is calculated with the help of formulas. A formula is assigned to
each activity type.
Finally, the costs are calculated using the output (= total time) of a resource and the corresponding
charge rates.
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8.9
Creating a Resource
Manually
Copy
Default
resource
Resource 1
Customizing
PP-PI
Resource 1a
Resource 1b
Resource 1c
SAP AG 1999
You can create a resource for a resource category in PP-PI in the following ways:
Manually
By using a predefined default value in Customizing
By copying a resource that already exists
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8.10
Resource Network
Charge
Reaction
Discharge
R1
B1
R2
R3
B2
E1
SAP AG 1999
You can often use processing units in a specified sequence only. To represent this sequence in the
system, you can create predecessor/successor relationships between resources in the form of resource
networks.
During process planning, these networks are used to determine possible sequences in which a resource
can be used to manufacture a batch.
If several similar resources are available in a network, it makes sense to decide on the resource to be
used at the time of production and not before. To do this, you can define a resource that is to be used for
planning purposes only. This resource represents several equivalent resources.
You can restrict the usage of resources defined for planning reasons only with the task list usage of
the resource. In Customizing, you can set the Until release indicator for a task list usage. If a resource
has been assigned to a process order whose usage is restricted in this way, the order cannot be released.
Before releasing the order, you must replace the planning resource with a suitable individual resource.
You can use the function of resource selection to do so.
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8.11
Classification of Resources
Class type: 019 "Work center class"

Class: Mixing vessel
Object:
Reaction vessel
Reactor - 01
Object:
...
Oper. 10 "Stirring"
(Mst. rec. "Colors")
Characteristics
U/min 150 - 300
Temp. 80 - 120C
Characteristics
Fits ?
Resource selection
in the process order
U/min
Temp.
170
85C
SAP AG 1999
You can add specific resource attributes to the resource data by classifying the resource with classes of
class type 019 work center class. The resource attributes are stored as characteristics of a class and are
assigned specific values in the resources.
Apart from resources, you can also classify operations of master recipes in classes of class type 019.
This allows you to store specifications for a resource in an operation.
The characteristic values of classified operations represent the selection criteria for system-aided
resource selection in the process order. This allows you to select a suitable resource just before
production begins. The resource network must be taken into account for resource selection.
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8.12
Available Capacity of a Resource
Avail. cap. maint.

outside of the
resource
Resource
Avail. cap. maint.
outside of the
resource
Pooled capacity
"Clean"Clean-out labor"
CapCat 009
"Labor"
CapCat 010
"Transport unit"
Reference
Reference CapTRANS
"Clean-out labor"
CapCat 009
Labor
CapCat 008
Process. unit
or
copy
CapCat 010
"Transport unit"
Avail. cap. maint.

in the resource
Customizing: Default capacity

Default values per
capacity category and plant
SAP AG 1999
You can maintain and assign the capacity of a resource while processing the resource, provided the
capacity data can be maintained for the resource category.
The capacity overview is the starting point for capacity maintenance from the resource.
Different available capacities of a capacity category are identified using the version number. The version
of the available capacity that appears in the screen header as the active version is used during capacity
requirements planning and scheduling.
When creating an available capacity, you can copy or reference capacities of different origins.
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8.13
Maintaining Avail. Capacity Using Shift Sequences
Day 1
Day 2
...
Day 7
Shift
Shift definition
definition
Shift 1
Shift 1
Shift 1
Work start
...
Work finish
Shift sequence
Breaks
Shift 2
Shift 2
Shift 3
Shift 3
Shift 2
Resources /
Work centers
SAP AG 1999
You can use shift sequences to reduce the time and effort needed to maintain an available capacity.
In a shift definition, you define the work start and finish times as well as duration of breaks, which are
valid for several resources.
In a shift sequence, you maintain the sequence of certain shift definitions for several resources.
You define shift sequences in Customizing.
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8.14
Assignments to the Personnel System (HR)
Resource
Resource
Master data
Capacities
Process order
Operation:
Reaction
Resources:
Vessel
Volume 10 m3
Line operator
2 years experience
Line operator
2 yr
Resource network
1 yr
Human resources
Shift schedule
SAP AG 1999
You can only maintain assignments of personnel, qualifications, and position when the HR system is
being used.
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8.15
Reporting Functions for Resources
Which resources
exist in a plant?
Resources
Which capacities
are assigned?
Which hierarchy does

the resource
belong to?
Which cost centers

are assigned to them?
Which recipes use the

resource?
SAP AG 1999
Different reporting functions are available for the resources of your company. They provide information
on, for example:
Which resources are available?
Which cost centers are they assigned to?
Which capacities have been defined for the resources, or which resources use a capacity?
To which resource hierarchies have the resources been assigned?
Which recipes use the resources?
In addition, you can use the Logistics Information System to carry out resource evaluations.
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8.16
Resources: Functions: Unit Summary
You are now able to:

Copy and reference available capacities
Prepare for a system-aided resource selection by
creating a resource network and using resource
classification
Create a resource based on a default resource and
by copying another resource
SAP AG 1999
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8.17Exercises
Unit: Resources - Functions

Create a default resource
Create, copy, and classify resources
Create resource networks, maintain available capacities, and assign
cost centers
The resources required to produce detergent in your plant must be
maintained in the system. Resource selection is to take place just before
production starts. You will therefore classify the resources and include
them in a resource network.
After entering the data in the system, you will use various reports for the
resources.
1-1
Creating a Resource
Create some resources using the Customizing settings you made in the previous unit.
1-1-1 Defining a default resource
Define a default resource for resource category RE## in plant 1100.
Tools -> Accelerated SAP -> Customizing ->Project Management -> SAP
Reference IMG -> Production Planning for Process Industries -> Master
Data -> Resource ->General Data Define Default Resource (Default Work
Center)
Basic data tab
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Description
Resource
Person responsible
R##
Usage
O##
Standard value key
SK##
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Specify that the system is not to check the standard values.

Default values tab
Control key
K1##
Capacities tab
Capacity category
M##
Other formula
DUR##
Scheduling tab
Capacity category
M##
Other formula
DUR##
Costing tab
Cost center
4250
Activity type
1420
Fixed time
Activity type
1420
Variable time
Formula key
FIX##
Fixed duration
Formula key
VAR##
Duration,qty-dep.
Save your default resource.
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1-1-2 Creating a resource based on the default resource

Create resource T-DTM1## of the resource category RE## in plant 1100.
Resources menu / Resource -> Create
When you maintain the resource data, the system suggests values that were
created in Customizing as default values.
Enter Charging vessel grp.## as the resource description on the Basic Data
screen.
Copy the other default values suggested on the Basic Data screen without
changing them.
Look at the other detail screens on:
Default values
Capacities
Scheduling
Costing
Click through the corresponding tabs.

While doing this, pay attention to the messages on the status bar.
The default values will not be copied automatically from the
default resource until you run through the detail screens.
Save your resource.
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1-1-3 Creating resources with reference to existing resources

In plant 1100, create the resources in the following table that are of the category
RE## by copying the source T-DTM1##.
Select all the views that are offered for selection on the Copy from screen and
choose Copy.
You only have to maintain the resource description and perhaps the task list
usage on the Basic Data screen. You can then save the resource without going
through further detail screens. All of the data from the screens you selected are
copied from the source.
Create the following resources:
Resource
Description
Task list usage
T-DTR1##
Reaction vessel 1 grp.##
O##
T-DTR2##
Reaction vessel 2 grp.##
O##
T-DTR3##
Reaction vessel 3 grp ##
O##
T-DTA1##
Cooling tank grp ##
O##
T-DTG1##
Group reaction vessel grp ##
C##
In which way is resource T-DTG1## restricted by task list usage C## ?

_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
1-2
Capacities
1-2-1 Displaying the capacity data of a resource
Display the capacity data of your cooling tank T-DTA1##.
Which capacity category is assigned to it? Why?
_____________________________
_____________________________
Display the capacity header data of the capacity category assigned.
Choose Capacity Header Data.
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Where was the header data of this resource capacity originally created?
_____________________________
_____________________________
1-2-2 Creating a pooled capacity with available capacity intervals
Create a pooled capacity POOL-## (personnel pool group##) of the capacity
category P## in plant 1100.
Resources menu / Capacity -> Create
The data that is maintained as the default capacity for each plant and capacity
category in Customizing is automatically copied.
Set the Pooled capacity indicator.
Set the Can be used by several operations indicator.
The standard available capacity has an operation time of 24 hours. An average
of 10 single capacities is available in the standard available capacity, and the
rate of capacity utilization is 100%. Maintain the standard available capacity
accordingly.
Enter the detailed information for the available capacity of your pooled
capacity. Define an available capacity interval for the active version 1 Normal
available capacity according to the following information.
Choose Interval avail. cap.
Choose Insert.
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Make the following entries on the Add Interval of Available Capacity screen:
Valid from:
Today
Valid to:
End of this year
Length of cycle:
Number of shifts:
Workdays:
1 (overrides factory calendar)
Specify the following shifts on the Create Capacity: Shifts screen:

Shf
Start
Finish
Breaks
No.
00:00:00
08:00:00
01:00:00
08:00:00
16:00:00
01:00:00
12
16:00:00
24:00:00
01:00:00
10
After defining your shifts, choose F3 Back.

Check the available capacity intervals that are now valid on the Create
Capacity: Interval of Available Capacity screen.
Save your pooled capacity.
1-2-3 Assigning a pooled capacity
Assign your pooled capacity POOL-## of the capacity category P## to your
cooling tank T-DTA1##.
Resource -> Change
Capacities tab
Choose Create capacity.
Check whether the capacity data has been copied correctly to the resource.
Position your cursor on capacity category P20 and choose Capacity Header
Data.
Save the resource.
1-2-4 Referencing a capacity
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Assign the capacity category 010 (Transport) to your cooling tank,

T-DTA1##.
Resource -> Change
Capacities tab page
On the Header Data screen for this capacity category, reference the available
capacity of the capacity TRANS-00 of the capacity category 010.
Choose Reference avail. cap.
After entering the capacity on the Reference Available Capacity screen, you
reference the available capacity by choosing Continue. You cannot process the
referenced data within the resource. You do have the option of changing the
available capacity data by choosing Copy.
Save your resource.
Display the capacity
TRANS-00 and check the data again.
1-3
Formulas
1-3-1 Formulas in the resource
On which screens in a resource is a formula key used to reference the formulas
that were defined in Customizing? Display, for example, the resource TDTA1## again.
______________________
______________________
______________________
What is calculated with each of the formulas?
______________________
______________________
______________________
1-3-2 Displaying and testing the formula in a resource
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You can display the formulas that are assigned to the formula keys on the
resource screens. You can also test the formulas.
Display the formulas defined on the Capacities, Scheduling and Costing screens
for one of your resources and write down the formulas.
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
Extras -> Formula -> Display
For example, test the formula on the Scheduling screen
Extras -> Formula -> Tests
General operation values: (for example)
Operation qty:
1000 kg
Base quantity:
100 kg
Standard values: (for example)

Duration, fixed:
10 H
Duration, variable: 1 H
Choose Calculate.
Result: Total duration = 20 H
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1-3-3 Formula constants of a resource

Assign the formula constant RESPOW (Resource activity) to one of your
resources.
Note: Resource constants can be used as parameters in the formula for costing,
capacity requirements determination, and scheduling. This can be useful for
resources, for example, that have activity-dependent output.
Resource -> Change /
(for example) Choose Scheduling /
Extras -> Formula ->Formula constants
Param.
Values
UN
RESPOW
(for example)
10,000
Which origin must be specified for a formula parameter in Customizing so that

it can be used as a resource constant?
____________________________
1-4
Resource selection requirements

1-4-1 Creating a resource network
Create a resource network NETZ-## in plant 1100 according to the following
graphic.
T-DTR1##
T-DTM1##
T-DTR2##
T-DTA1##
T-DTR3##
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Make the following entries on the Header Data screen:

Description
Resource network group ##
Person responsible
R##
Assign the resources of the network shown in the graphic above.

Choose Resource allocation.
Choose the following selection conditions:
Plant:
1100
Resource:
T-DT*
Resource Category: RE##

On the Resource allocations screen, select the resources and go to graphical
maintenance.
Choose Graphic.
Create the resource network shown above in the graphic. Use drag and drop to
position the resources as shown. Choose Connect and draw the links between
the resources. Click in the blank area and go back one screen.
Save your resource network.
1-4-2 Displaying the network relationship of a resource
Display the data of the network resource for the reaction vessel T-DTR2##.
Resource -> Display
Goto -> Network -> Relationships
Goto -> Relationship detail
Header
Graphic
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1-4-3 Classification of resources

Classify your reaction vessel in class REAC_## (Reaction vessel) of the class
type 019 (Work center class).
Assign values to the characteristics assigned for the individual reaction vessels
in the following way:
Surface
Rev. per min
T-DTR1##
T-DTR2##
T-DTR3##
(glass)
(polyethylene) (stainless steel)
20 - 80
20 - 40
20 - 60
Save your data.

Classification is carried out for the purpose of system-aided
resource selection in the process order.
1-5
Reporting
Resources / Reporting -> < ... >
1-5-1 Resource list
Display all resources that R## is responsible for in plant 1100. Be sure to
remove any resources that have defaulted onto the selection screen.
Reporting ->Resources list
Note: Double-click one of the resources listed to display the corresponding
resource data.
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1-5-2 Cost center assignment

Display the cost center that is assigned to your resources.
Plant:
1100
Work center:
T-DT*##
Reporting -> Cost center assignment

Note: Double-click the objects listed to display data for the resources, cost
centers, and activity categories.
1-5-3 Resource capacities
Display the capacities that are assigned to your resources.
Reporting -> Resource capacity
Plant:
1100
Work center:
T-DT*##
Note: Double-click the capacities listed to display the corresponding capacity

data.
1-5-4 Where-used list
In which master recipe is, for example, the resource T-IC101 from plant 1100
used? Use overview variant: L00000000100.
Reporting -> Where-used list ->Resource
For which resources is the capacity POOL-## from plant 1100 used?
Reporting -> Where-used list ->Capacity
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8.18Solutions
Unit: Resources - Functions
1-1
Creating a Resource
1-1-1 Defining default resources
Maintain the data as described for the exercise.
1-1-2 Creating a resource based on the default resource
1-1-3 Creating resources with reference to an existing resource
In which way is resource T-DTG1## restricted by task list usage C##?
The "Until rel." indicator (usage only until release in order) is set. An
operation with this resource in its process order cannot be released. By this
time at the latest, the resource must be replaced by a resource that physically
exists.
1-2
Capacities
1-2-1 Displaying the capacity data of a resource
Which capacity category is assigned to it? Why?
M##. This capacity category was defined in the default resource and was
copied when the resource was created.
Display the capacity header data of the capacity category assigned.
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When was the header data of this resource capacity originally created?
When the default capacity was defined for M## ( in Unit Resources:
Customizing).
1-2-2 Creating a pooled capacity with available capacity intervals
Resources menu: Capacity -> Create
Choose Interval avail. cap.
Choose Insert.
1-2-3 Assigning a pooled capacity
Resource -> Change
Capacities tab
Check whether the capacity data has been copied correctly to the resource.
1-2-4 Referencing a capacity
Display and check the capacity TRANS-00
again.
Resources menu/ Capacity ->Display

1-3
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1-3-1 Formulas in the Resource

On which screens in a resource is a formula key used to reference formulas that
were defined in Customizing?
Capacities
Scheduling
Costing
What is calculated with each of the formulas?

Capacity requirements are determined
Operation time is calculated
Costs based on fixed and variable duration
1-3-2 Displaying and testing the formula in a resource
Display the formulas defined on the Capacities, Scheduling and Cost centers
screens for one of your resources and write down the formulas.
Extras -> Formula -> Display
DUR##:
Duration, Fixed + Duration, Var. * Phase Quantity / Base Quantity
FIX##:
Duration, Fixed
VAR##:
Duration, Var. * Phase Quantity / Base Quantity
For example, test the formula on the Scheduling screen

Extras -> Formula -> Tests
Choose Calculate.
1-3-3 Formula constants of a resource
Resource -> Change /
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Choose (for example) Scheduling /

Extras -> Formula ->Formula constants
Which origin must be specified for a formula parameter in Customizing so that
it can be used as a resource constant?
Use the F1 help in the "Param." field on the "Formula constants" screen to
answer this question.
Origin 1 Work center constant
1-4
Resource selection requirements

1-4-1 Creating a resource network
Resources menu / Resource network -> Create
Choose Resource allocation.
Choose Graphic.
1-4-2 Displaying the network relationship of a resource
Resource -> Display
Goto
Network -> Relationships
Relationship detail
Header
Graphic
1-4-3 Classification of resources
Resource Change.
On the Basic data tab, choose Classification.
1-5
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Resources / Reporting -> < ... >
1-5-1 Resource list
Reporting -> Resource list
1-5-2 Cost center assignment
Reporting -> Cost center assignment
1-5-3 Resource capacities
Reporting -> Resource capacity
1-5-4 Where-used list
Reporting -> Where-used list ->Resource
Reporting -> Where-used list ->Capacity
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9
Production Version
Contents:
Mass processing: overview and access to recipe and
BOM maintenance
Recipe editing
Approval
Consistency check
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9.2
Production Version: Unit Objectives

Create, change, check, display, and delete
production versions
Access master recipes and BOMs through
production versions to edit them
Perform consistency checks for production
versions
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9.3
Overview Diagram 9
Production Version
1 Introduction
PP-PI Overview
10 Phases
Materials
Batches
15 Recipe Approval

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9.4
Production Version: Business Scenario
The products in your company are manufactured in

different ways and are therefore managed in
several different production versions.
You are responsible for maintaining production
versions in individual or mass processing.
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9.5
Production Version: Definition
Production version
A production version determines which alternative BOM
is used together with which master recipe to produce a
material or create a master plan for a material.
More than one production version for different validity
period and lot-size ranges can be assigned to a
material.
SAP AG 1999
Production versions are used in discrete manufacturing, repetitive manufacturing, and process
manufacturing.
Production versions are used in sales & operations planning (SOP), material requirements planning
(MRP), process order creation, and product costing to select the most suitable task list or recipe and the
corresponding material list.
A production version comprises the following data: Material number, version ID, lot-size range, and
validity period of the production version, details about whether the production version is locked, the
date of the last consistency check, the assignment of master recipes to the production version, the
assignment of the alternative BOM to the production version, a check status that displays the result of
the last consistency check, the production line if the product is manufactured in discrete manufacturing,
the change number that was used when the production version was last changed, as well as further
administrative data.
When you create process orders that require approval, the system uses the change number to check
whether the production version has been approved.
You can also select a production version without a recipe or BOM. Note, however, that if you do so,
material quantity calculation data is not copied.
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9.6
Production Version: Mass Processing (I)
Selection criteria for worklist creation:

Extended selection:
Selection criteria:
Header data
Plant
Plant
Lot size
Material
Material
Validity
MRP controller
Tas Lists
Key date
date
BOMs
Task list type / group
Repetitive manufacturing
Production line
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9.7
Production Version: Mass Processing (II)
Production Version: Mass Processing

Copy
Assign change
number
Maintain Prod.Version: Detail Screen
Delete
Create
Create
Change
Change
Check consistency
Check consistency
Lock
Lock
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9.8
Recipe Editing
Worklist:
Production version
Task list group
Grp cntr
0002
T-DET100
0003
T-DET100
...
...
...
T-DET100
...
0001
Recipe
Key date (for change status)
Master recipe
Bill of material
Detailed plng grp: T-DET100
Alternative BOM 2
Group counter: 2
Alt. BOM
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From mass processing of production versions, you can navigate to the corresponding master recipe and
create, edit, or display the recipe or alternative BOM there. From the production version, you can thus
access all production related master data.
If you have assigned a change number to a production version, this number is also valid for recipe and
BOM editing from the production version. This enables you to use an approval procedure in the same
way for all related objects.
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9.9
Consistency Check
Plant
Material
Prod.version
1100
T-FD100
Recipe group for...
0001
Check
03/05/1999
Date of
last check
Production version
Lock
From lot size
Valid from
Change no.assign.
1 000
01/20/2000
To lot size
Valid to
20 000
12/31/2002
Task lists
Task list group
T-DET100
Check status
Group counter
1
Bill of material
Alternative BOM
BOM usage
Check status
Repetitive manufacturing
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You can check whether the data of a production version is consistent with the data of the master recipe
and the data of the alternative BOM assigned to it. You can then be sure that a valid recipe or valid BOM
actually exists within the whole validity period of the production version.
In order for a production version to be consistent, it must fulfill the following requirements:
The lot-size range of the production version must be in the lot-size range of the assigned recipe as
well as of the assigned alternative BOM. This applies to all change statuses of the recipe and
alternative BOM that are in the validity period of the production version.
The assigned recipe and alternative BOM must exist during the whole validity period of the
production version. The deletion flag must not be set for them.
If one of these requirements is not met, an error or warning message is given in the inspection result.
After the check, you can update the date of the last check and check status of the production version. The
recipe, task list, or BOM are then assigned one of the following statuses in the production version:
Last check ok
Last check with warning
Last check with error
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9.10
Approval
Change number
Recipe group TT-DET100

Recipe:
MRP view
Change rule:
With an engineering
change order
Validity period
MaterialMaterial-recipe assignment
Prod.vers. 0001
Recipe
T-FD100 T-FD100
11
Prod.vers. 0001
Maintain
Maintain
Material
Material TT-FD100
Maintain
Production version
Mass processing
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Unlike recipe editing with a change master record or engineering change order, you do not create a new
change status for the production version. You only assign the change number to it in the worklist for
production version processing by carrying out the corresponding function. The change number is used to
document or approve changes. If required, you must adjust the validity period of the production version
manually.
You cannot use a change number when you edit production versions in the material master record. In the
standard system therefore you cannot edit production versions whose change rule requires an
engineering change order in the material master record.
A production version is considered approved when the following requirements are met:
The master recipe assigned to the production version has a change rule that requires an
engineering change order with or without a change type.
rule.
The production version has been assigned a change number that complies with this change
The relevant engineering change order has been released. This means you can no longer
use it for changes.
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9.11
Production Version: Unit Summary
You can create, change, check, and lock

production versions in detail maintenance.
In addition, you can copy and delete production
versions in mass processing and assign change
numbers.
From the production version, you can access all
production-related data (master recipe and
material BOM).
The consistency check ensures that a master
recipe and BOM exist during the whole validity
period of a production version.
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9.12Exercises
Unit: Production Version

Create and process production versions
Perform consistency checks for production versions
You are responsible for mass maintenance of production versions in your

plant. You will create several production versions for the new detergent TFD1##, since you are planning to produce it on different lines with
different ingredients. You will therefore create production versions for
different lot-size ranges, master recipes, validity periods, and BOM
versions.
1-1
Creating a production version

Create production version 0001 for material T-FD1## in plant 1100 using the following
specifications:
Description of production
version
Detergent 1
Valid from
Today
Valid to
Maximum validity date
From lot size
1000
To lot size
20000
Alternative BOM
BOM usage
Production
Detailed plng grp:
T-DET1##
Group counter:
Task list type:
Master recipe
1-1-1 Which warnings appear after detail maintenance for the production version?
______________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________
1-1-2 Use the application help to find out more about the symbol that appears in the
processing status column. What does this symbol stand for?
______________________________________________________
1-2
Copying from production versions

Copy the production versions created and change the copies according to the following
instructions:
1-2-1 Copy production version 0001 to production version 0002 and change the
number of the alternative BOM from 1 to 2.
1-2-2 Copy production version 0002 to production version 0003 and change the valid
from date from today to today + 2 months in detail maintenance. Also change
the number of the alternative BOM from 2 to 3.
1-2-3 Copy production version 0001 to production version 0004 and change the lotsize range from 1000 - 20000 to 20000 - 30000. Also change the group counter
from 1 to 2.
1-2-4 Copy production version 0004 to production version 0005 and change the
number of the alternative BOM from 1 to 2.
Save the production versions.
1.3
Consistency check for production versions /processing status

Perform a consistency check for production version 0003 of material T-FD1##.
1-3-1 Which messages appear in the consistency log?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-3-2 How do you recognize that a consistency check has been performed on this
production version?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
1-3-3 What is the processing status?
________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________
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1-3-4 What changes with regard to the processing status after you save?
______________________________________________________
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1-4
Production version in the material master

The production version that was created in the previous exercise is defined in the
master data record of the material T-FD1##.
Display the production version for material T-FD1## in the material master.
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9.13Solutions
Unit: Production Version
1-1
Creating a production version

SAP Standard Menu Logistics Production -Process Master Data
Production Versions
Enter plant 1100 and material T-FD1## as your selection criteria.
Choose Refresh or press enter.
Choose
Create production version
The Detail Maintenance: Production Version screen appears.

1-1-1 The following warnings appear:
No task list exists
No BOM exists
1-1-2 Help Application help
The symbol means the following:
Newly created or copied production versions
Save your production version.
1-2
Copying from production versions

1-2-1 Copy production version 0001 to production version 0002.
Select production version 0001.
Choose
Copy production version
Enter number 0002 in the Copy/ProdVersion field.
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Choose Enter.
On the Production Version: Mass Maintenance screen, enter alternative BOM
2 for production version 0002.
Confirm the No BOM exists warning by choosing Enter.
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Choose
Copy production version
Enter number 0003 in the Copy/ProdVersion field and choose Enter.

Double-click the entry production version 0003. The Detail Maintenance:
Production Version screen appears. Change the Valid from date and the
alternative BOM as described in the exercise.
Choose Close detail screen.
Confirm the No task list exists, No BOM exists warnings by choosing Enter.
Copy production version 0001 as described in 1-2-1.
Change the lot-size range and the group counter as described in the exercise.
Confirm the warnings by choosing Enter.
Copy production version 0004 as described in 1-2-1.
Change the alternative BOM number as described in the exercise.
Confirm the warnings by choosing Enter.
1-3
Consistency check for production versions /processing status

Choose
Consistency check
The consistency log for production version 0003 appears.

1-3-1 The consistency log contains the following error messages:
Task list does not exist
BOM does not exist
Choose Back.
1-3-2 The current date was entered in the check date column. Additionally, the check
status "Last check with error" (red light) is set.
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1-3-3 The processing status shows that the production version data was changed.
Note: The production version is therefore locked for other users until you save.
1-3-4 The following results when you save:
The symbol in the Processing status column disappears.
Note: This unlocks the production version.
1-4
Production version in the material master

SAP standard menu Logistics Production -Process Master Data
Material Master Material. Display Display current
Display the MRP 4 view in the material master for material T-FD1##.
Choose ProdVersion.
On the Production Version Overview screen, the production versions just created are
listed.
Select a version and press Detail to call the Production Versions Details screen.
If you enter the material master in the change mode, you can also
create, check, and delete production versions if the production
versions are not for recipes to be approved.
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10
Master Recipes: Operations and Phases
Contents:
Elements and structure of a master recipe
Functions of a master recipe
Recipe-plant assignment
Recipe header data
Operations and phases
Resource assignment
Relationships
Scheduling
Classification of operations and resources
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10.2
Master Recipes, Operations, and Phases:
Unit Objectives

Define the elements and structure of a master
recipe
Describe the functions of a master recipe
Make assignments between recipes and plants
Create operations and phases
Assign primary and secondary resources
Create relationships
Classify operations
Carry out scheduling for a master recipe
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10.3
Overview Diagram 10
1 Introduction
PP-PI Overview
10
Materials
Batches
15 Recipe Approval

and Phases

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10.4
Business Scenario
The elements and structure of a master recipe that
already exists will be presented.

Your company is going to put a new product on
the market.
The production process is to be described in a
master recipe.
You are responsible for creating a master recipe
with operations and phases based on the

resources used.
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10.5
Elements of a Master Recipe
Proc. planning
Proc. control
EBF/ISA(S88)/NAMUR
Steps in the
prod. process
Control
information
Master
recipe
Quality
inspec. data
Resources
Materials
Process order Control recipe

Master recipe
A recipe that describes the production of one or several materials in a production
process.
SAP AG 1999
A master recipe defines the following data required for the manufacturing of materials without relating
to a particular order
Resources
Material components
Data for in-process quality inspection
Control information for the process control level
operations, materials, resources, and inspection characteristics. Therefore, links to the R/3 application
components PP, MM, SD, WM, and QM have been realized. The control view contains information
required for communicating with the process control level.
The master recipe is the basis for the creation of process orders. A process order describes an actual
production process. It contains all information specified during process planning, such as production
date and quantities to be produced.
A control recipe contains all the information necessary for the execution of a process order by a certain
process control system or a process operator. Control recipes are generated from the process instructions
in a process order and transferred to the corresponding destination in process control. Process
instructions are defined in the master recipe on which the process order is based.
Three organizations have defined the data that must be included in the standard recipe maintenance of
the PP-PI application component:
The European Batch Forum (EBF)
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The Instrument Society of America (ISA; with standards S88)

NAMUR (Norms working committee for measuring and control techniques in the
chemical industry).
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10.6
Structure of a Master Recipe (I)
Resource network
Recipe header
Primary resource
Operations
Material (product)
Phases
Process instructions
Proc. instr. characteristics
SAP AG 1999
The recipe header contains data that is valid for the whole recipe. At the header level, a resource
network and the material to be produced is assigned to the recipe.
Operations describe the different steps required during the production process. For a more detailed
description of these steps, operations are subdivided into phases.
Exactly one primary resource at which an operation is to be carried out is assigned to the operation.
This assignment of the primary resource is also valid for all phases that belong to the operation.
Process instructions are structures with which data is transferred from R/3 process planning to process
control. Process instructions are assigned to the phases of a master recipe.
Process instruction characteristics are assigned to process instructions and define the content of the
process instructions together with the corresponding characteristic values..
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Structure of a Master Recipe (II)
Resource network
Recipe header
Primary resource
Operations
Material (product)
Secondary resources
Phases
Material
components
Inspection characteristics
Relationships
SAP AG 1999
If required, you can assign additional secondary resources to operations and phases.
If materials are added, temporarily created, or withdrawn at certain places in the production process, you
assign them to the corresponding operations and phases as components of a material list.
Inspection characteristics specify which in-process quality inspections are to be carried out. They can
be assigned to operations and phases.
Relationships define the sequence of phases as well as link the start and finish points of phases.
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10.8
Functions of a Master Recipe
Master recipe
Recipe header
Process order
Primary resource
Operations
MRP
Phases
Cost accounting
SAP AG 1999
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10.9
Non-Manufacturing Recipes
Equipment-testing
recipes
Setup recipe
Clean-out recipes
Changeover recipes
SAP AG 1999
Master recipes can also be created for purposes other than the manufacture of materials. Nonmanufacturing master recipes are, for example:
Equipment-testing recipes
Clean-out recipes
Setup or changeover recipes
Equipment-testing recipes contain process instructions that are used to carry out and document periodic
functional testing of a plant line.
Clean-out recipes describe the activities as well as the time, resource, and material requirements that are
necessary to clean out a vessel after a production run.
Changeover recipes describes the activities necessary to transfer a processing unit from an initial state to
a subsequent state.
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10.10
Profile for the Recipe
Profile
Default values for recipe maintenance for:
The operation
The relationship
The process instruction
The relationship graphic
Changeability
Default values for quality inspection
SAP AG 1999
When creating a master recipe, you must enter a profile defined in Customizing. To display or change
the default values set in this profile, choose Extras in the master recipe menu.
You can change the values in the profile dialog box. However, these changes are only valid until you exit
the recipe.
In the profile, you can enter default values for the operation, the relationship, the increment of process
instructions and process instruction characteristics as well as for the relationship graphic and how it is
displayed.
Moreover, you can branch to a dialog box displaying QM data and enter default values for quality
inspection.
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10.11
Recipe-Plant Assignment
Production
plants
Recipe group Detergent production

Recipe
1100
Description
Plant
1
2
Detergent production 1100

Clean-out
1100
3
4
Detergent production 3100

Clean-out
3100
3100
SAP AG 1999
Master recipes that belong to the same recipe group can be assigned to different plants.
When creating a master recipe, you can enter the plant number in the recipe header.
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10.12
Copying Recipes from Other Plants
Plant 1100
Material
BOM
Production version
Material components
Material list
Mat. qty calc.
Recipe
Recipe
Operations / phases
Copy
Plant 3100
Recipe
Operations / phases
SAP AG 1999
You can create a master recipe by copying another master recipe, even if they are from different plants.
The material in the recipe header of the recipe being copied as well as the factory calendar are copied to
the new recipe.
The other recipe objects, such as primary resources, control recipe destinations, process instructions, etc.
are copied to the new recipe if they already exist in the target plant (otherwise error messages appear).
The data on the recipe detail screen of the new recipe is checked. The data must be changed if the entry
does not exist in the target plant or is not the same as the resource data in the target plant.
Caution! The master inspection characteristics are not checked in the target plant. The system also does
not check whether the process instruction characteristics that were copied have been released in the
target plant.
To use the material assignments that have been copied to the new recipe, you must first create a
production version to use the alternative bills of material in the new recipe.
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10.13
Reporting
Material lists
Structure
Changes
Quantity
Master recipe
Recipe changes:
Which objects were
created, changed, or
deleted for a recipe?
Mass changes
Recipe: Replacing resource
Replacing process instruction
Material list: Replacing material
Recipe list:
Which
texts for
relationships
secondary resources
material components
proc. instructions
PI characteristics
insp. characteristics
are used in a recipe?
Where-used list:
Which recipe uses a
Resource
Process instruction
Material
Document
Class?
SAP AG 2001
You can evaluate the data of your recipe in the following ways:
Evaluations on recipe changes: Documentation of changes made to all objects belonging to a
recipe over a certain period of time.
Where-used list for resources, process instruction categories, materials, documents, and classes.
Evaluations of material lists: Evaluations of the structure and changes carried out for a material
list
Mass changes: Replacing of process instruction categories and resources in master recipes.
Replacing of materials in material lists.
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10.14
Recipe Header Data
Recipe header data

Recipe group, recipe counter, plant
Resource network
Usage
Planner group
Status
Charge quantity range
Change rule
Material-recipe assignment
Long text
QM data
Administrative data
SAP AG 1999
Data that is valid for the whole recipe is maintained on the recipe header level.
A recipe is identified by the recipe group and the recipe counter. Recipes are defined on the plant
level. They can be grouped into recipe groups based on criteria defined by the user.
By assigning a resource network, the physical network of the resources is described for the line at
which the process is to take place.
The usage describes the purpose for which the recipe can be used (for example, production,
construction, plant maintenance). The planner group specifies a group of people who are responsible
for the maintenance of the recipe. The status gives information about the processing status of a recipe
(for example, creation phase, released for order, released for costing) and controls which business
operations are allowed or not allowed.
With the charge quantity range, you specify a value range that is allowed for the production quantity
and for which the master recipe may be used as the reference for a process order in production.
The material to be produced using the recipe is assigned to the recipe at the header level.
To give more information, you can create a long text for the recipe header.
On the recipe header detail screen for QM data, you determine whether an in-process inspection is to
take place with or without inspection points.
Administrative data gives information about the validity dates of the recipe, who has created or
changed the recipe, and whether a change was made using a change number.
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10.15
Operations and Phases
Operation 10
Charge
Phase 12
Mix
Phase 13
Discharge
Control key
CtrK
CtrK
.
.
.
Reaction
Phase 21
Charge
Phase 22
Heat
Phase 23
Discharge
Operation 30
CtrK
Phase 11
Operation 20
CtrK
Charging
Cooling
Phase 31
Charge
Phase 32
Cool
Phase 33
Discharge
SAP AG 1999
Operations describe the different steps required during the production process. For a more detailed
description of these steps, operations are subdivided into phases.
You must enter a control key for each operation and phase. The control key determines how an
operation or phase is to be processed in functions such as process orders, costing, and capacity
requirements planning.
Control keys are defined in Customizing. You can set a number of indicators specifying, for instance:
Whether scheduling is to be carried out for the phase
Whether capacity load records are to be written for the phase
Whether the phase is costed
Whether a goods receipt is to be posted automatically for the process order when a confirmation is
received
Whether time tickets are to be printed for the operation or phase
Whether inspection characteristics have to be maintained for the operation or phase
Note:
Scheduling, determination of capacity requirements, and costing take place at phase level.
The dates and capacity requirements for operations are derived from the
corresponding phases.
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10.16
Assignment of Primary and Secondary Resources
Operation 30
Cooling
Phase 32
Cool and check
quality
Phase 31
Charge
Phase 33
Discharge
Primary resource
Cooling tank
Secondary resource
Line operator
Secondary resource
Transport truck
CtrK
Var.
start
CtrK
Var.
finish
Time
SAP AG 1999
Exactly one primary resource is assigned to an operation. The primary resource is that part of a line or
processing unit at which the operation is carried out. It is committed for the entire duration of the
operation.
The primary resource is also assigned to all phases subordinate to the operation in the hierarchy.
If required, you can assign additional secondary resources to operations and phases. This assignment
can be carried out with a flexible start and finish time, relative to the start or finish of the operation or
phase.
You must assign a control key to each secondary resource. The same business transactions can be
carried out for secondary resources as for operations and phases. Secondary resources can, for example,
be included in scheduling, capacity requirements planning, and costing.
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10.17
Standard and Default Values from the Resource
Resource
Standard values
f.ex. duration
Rule for maint.

Mandatory
Recipe operation/phase
Default values
Units for standard values
Control key
Ref.ind.
Standard text key
Ref.ind.
Wage data
Ref.ind.
Activity types
Ref.ind.
SAP AG 1999
When you assign a resource to an operation or phase, you also assign the standard and default values
maintained in the resource.
A standard value is a planned value for the execution of an operation or phase such as the execution
time or operation quantity. Standard values are used in costing, scheduling, and capacity requirements
planning to calculate costs, execution times, and capacity requirements.
Possible standard values for an operation or phase are defined in the corresponding resource. You can
use a rule for maintenance to specify whether a standard value for an operation or phase may be, should
be, or has to be entered. In the resource, you can also maintain default values for the units of measure of
the standard values.
In the resource, you can maintain default values for the operation or phase data "control key" and
"standard text key", for wage data as well as for the activity types to be assigned. These default values
are then either copied into the operation or phase, giving you the possibility to later change them, or they
are referenced into the operation or phase, thus making further changes impossible. In the latter case, a
reference indicator is set for the relevant default value in the resource.
The control key specifies how an operation or phase is processed from a business point of view.
Using the standard text key, you can choose a standard text created previously for the description of an
operation or phase.
The specific output of a resource is defined by assigning activity types to the resource. Each activity
type is valued with a specific charge rate (for example, USD 100/h). This forms the basis for calculating
the costs resulting from activities performed.
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10.18
Relationships
Operation 10 Charging
Charge vessel
vessel
Operation 30 Cooling
Cooling tank
Phase 11
Phase 12
Phase 13
Phase 31
Phase 32
Phase 33
Charge
Mix
Discharge
Charge
Cool
Discharge
Phase 21
Phase 22
Phase 23
Charge
Mix
Discharge
Operation 20 Reaction
Reaction vessel
Time
SAP AG 1999
Relationships determine the time-based sequence of phases. Relationships link the start and finish
points of phases. This enables you, for instance, to synchronize phases belonging to different operations.
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10.19
Relationships Between Master Recipes
Recipe group "Production"

Recipe 1
Recipe group "Clean-out"

Recipe 1
SAP AG 1999
Phases from different recipes can be linked using relationships.
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10.20
Scheduling in the Master Recipe
PhS
PhF
Duration
Float before
production
BS
Ph11
Ph12
Ph13
Ph21
Ph31
Ph22
Ph23
Relationships !
SS
Dates:
Time
Ph32
Ph33
Float after
production
SF
BS:
BF:
SS:
SF:
PhS:
PhE:
BF
Basic start
Basic finish
Scheduled start
Scheduled finish
Phase start
Phase finish
SAP AG 1999
Scheduling a master recipe enables a time-based simulation of the manufacturing process in the planning
phase. During scheduling, the start and finish times of phases are determined. Scheduling takes place at
phase level only. The operation dates are derived from the phase dates.
Starting from the basic start or basic finish dates, scheduling is done either as forward or backward
scheduling. You can enter a planned lot size if the phase duration depends on the quantity to be
processed.
To be able to schedule, you must maintain default values for phases as well as relationships between
phases.
Depending on the scheduling type, the float before production is either added to the basic start date, or
the float after production is subtracted from the basic finish date. In this way you can determine the start
and finish dates of production (scheduled start date, scheduled finish date).
The float before production and float after production are time buffers enabling you to react to
disturbances in the manufacturing process. You can assign them to the material in the MRP view of the
material master record using the scheduling margin key.
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10.21
Phase Duration
Resource
Phase
Formula key for

scheduling
Capacity category as a
basis for scheduling
Formula constants
General operation
values
Standard values
Control key
"Scheduling"
Formula
PhS
PhF
PhS
Duration
Phase 11
Phase 12
PhS
PhF
Phase 13
PhF
Operation 10
OS
OF
SAP AG 2001
To calculate the phase duration, you must specify a capacity category as a basis for scheduling and
define a formula in the resource.
The phase duration is determined on the basis of the standard values and additional formula parameters.
When calculating the phase dates, the available capacity is taken into account as the basis for scheduling.
Scheduling takes place via the phases. The operation duration is derived from the phase dates.
The scheduling result can either be displayed in a table or graphically in a Gantt chart.
Due to the relationships, phase dates can have a certain time buffer. Therefore, the earliest and latest start
and finish dates are determined in scheduling.
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10.22
Classification of Operations and Resources
Class type 019 "Work center class"
Class "Reaction vessel"
Characteristics:
Stirring speed
Temperature
Attributes - Resource
1000-2000 RPM
80-120 C
Requirements - Operation
Fits ?
Resource selection in
the process order
1200 RPM
85 C
SAP AG 1999
Using classes of class type 019 work center type, you can classify resources as well as operations
contained in master recipes.
You can thus use the characteristics of a class of class type 019 in two ways: first, you can store specific
resource attributes and second, you can define requirements a resource must meet if it is to be used in an
operation of a master recipe.
The characteristic values of classified operations represent the selection criteria for system-aided
resource selection in the process order.
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10.23
Checking the Recipe / Consistency Log
Header
Res. netwk
Primary res.
Consistency log
Material
Oper.
Phase
Proc. inst.
PI char.
Sec. res.
Check
Comp.
W
E
I
QM data is
missing
Insp. char.
Relationsh.
SAP AG 1999
If you want to check whether the data for your recipe is complete and consistent, call the Recipe check
function.
After the recipe is checked, warnings, information, and errors are collected for the recipe check in a
consistency log.
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10.24
Unit Summary
Describe the elements and structure of master
recipes.
Assign recipes of the same group to different
plants.
Copy master recipe between plants.
Assign primary resources.
Define relationships.
Carry out scheduling.
Prepare system-aided resource selection by
classifying operartions.
SAP AG 1999
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10.25Exercises
Unit: Master Recipes
Topic: Operations and Phases

Describe the elements and structure of a master recipe
Create a master recipe
Classify operations
Perform scheduling
The elements and structure of a master recipe that already exists will first
be presented.
Your company is going to put a new detergent on the market.
The production process will be described in a master recipe.
You are responsible for creating a master recipe with operations and
phases based on the resources used.
1-1

Go to mass maintenance for production versions in plant 1100 for group T-ICE##.
Familiarize yourself with the data in the master recipe for production version 0001 of
material T-FI1##.
1-1-1 Operation overview
Familiarize yourself with the operations, phases, and resources assigned.
1-1-2 Relationships
Display the relationships defined between the phases in the graphic.
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1-1-3 Recipe header data

Display the recipe header data.
Which materials are assigned to the recipe as products?
________________________
________________________
________________________
1-1-4 Material list
Familiarize yourself with the material components that are assigned to the
recipe.
Which materials are assigned?
In which quantities are the material components required?
To which operations or phases are the material components assigned?
Material
Quantity
Operation
(5 examples are sufficient)

1-1-5 Process instructions
Display the process instructions maintained for phase 1010.
Which process instruction is assigned?
________________________
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1-2
Reporting and changing master recipes

1-2-1
Recipe list
Create a print list for the master recipe T-ICE##.
Master recipe menu / Reporting Recipe -> Recipe list
Task list type:
Plant:
Recipe group:
T-ICE##
Recipe:
Material components are to be displayed for all BOMs.

Program -> Execute
1-2-2 Familiarize yourself with the further reporting functions that are available for
the master recipe.
Master recipe menu / Reporting -> < ... >
1-2-3 Familiarize yourself with the mass changes that are possible for master data.
Master recipe menu / Mass changes -> < ...
1-2-4 Familiarize yourself with the settings you can make in the master recipe
environment.
Master recipe menu / Environment -> < ...
1-3
Creating a master recipe: header data and operations / phases

Go to mass maintenance for the production version for material T-FD1## in plant 1100.
Create a master recipe for production version 0001 based on the following information:
Key date:
today
Profile:
0001
1-3-1 Data for recipe header

1-3-1-1
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The Create Master Recipe: Recipe appears. Enter the following data
on the Recipe header tab:
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Description of the recipe: Recipe for detergent production, grp ##

Plant:
1100
Status:
4 Released general
Use:
1 Production
Planner group:
001 Planner group PI
Resource network:
NETZ-##
Charge quantity range:
1000 - 20000 l
1-3-1-2
Header text
Create a long text that describes the recipe.
Choose Header text.
Header text:
Recipe for detergent production, grp ##,

exothermic reaction
1-3-1-3
Administrative data
Display the administrative data.
Administrative data tab
1-3-2 Operations and phases

1-3-2-1
Creating operations and phases and assigning primary resources

Create operations and phases for your recipe 1 of the recipe group TDET1## based on the data in the following table. Assign the primary
resource.
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Operations tab
Op
Ph
SOp
CRD
100
Resource
Description
T-DTM1##
CHARGING
110
100
DE
Charge
120
100
DE
Mix
130
100
DE
Add water
140
100
DE
Discharge
200
T-DTG1##
REACTION
210
200
DE
Charge
220
200
DE
Add Butanol and

NaOH
230
200
DE
Discharge
300
T-DTA1##
COOLING
310
300
DE
Charge
320
300
DE
Cool
330
300
DE
Discharge
Save your master recipe.

1-3-2-2
Control key
Use the input help (F4) to display detailed information about the
control key K1##.
Which indicators are set?
____________________
____________________
____________________
Based on the indicators that have been set, what happens to a phase
marked with this control key in the process order?
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
Use field help (F1) to display information about the functions of the
different indicators.
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1-3-2-3
Text
Create the following text for operation 200.
Choose Text.
Text: Reaction
Resource selection condition have been defined for the
operation so that a suitable reaction vessel can be selected.
1-3-2-4
Administrative data
Display the administrative data for an operation or a phase.
1-3-2-5
Maintaining standard values

Maintain the standard values for the phases of your recipe using the
information in the following table.
The quantity-dependent durations should each refer to a base
quantity of 1000 L.
Phase
Duration,
fixed
Act.
type
(1st oper.
value)
Duration,
variable
Act. type
(2nd oper.
value)
110
10 min
1420
130
10 min
1420
140
10 min
1420
210
10 min
1420
230
10 min
1420
310
10 min
1420
20 min
1420
120
220
320
30 min
1420
30 min
1420
5h
1420
330
1-3-3 Assigning a secondary resource
Add the secondary resource T-DTT1## (Transport vehicle) for phase 330.
SRes
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Resource
Plant
LO305
Description
31
0001
1-3-3-1
T-DTT1##
1100
Discharge into transport unit
Text
Enter the following text for your secondary resource.
Text: Discharge into transport unit:
The transport vehicle must be connected
15 minutes before charging begins.
It cannot be detached until 10 minutes
after charging has ended.
1-3-3-2
Resource dates
Define the earliest and latest dates of your secondary resource based
on the following information.
Offset to start: 15- min.
(Be sure to put a negative sign after 15 to indicate 15 minutes
before)
Offset to finish: 10 min.
1-3-3-3
Administrative data
Display the administrative data for your secondary resource.
Save your recipe.
1-3-4 Relationships
1-3-4-1
Graphic maintenance
Create the relationships between the phases of your recipe as shown
in the following graphic.
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Suggestion: Put the phases in the appropriate positions before connecting them.
1-3-4-2
Phase maintenance on the Detail screen

Maintain the last relationship in the corresponding detail screen
for phase 320.
320------330
Rel. type
Phase
Scs
(successor)
Rcp. grp
Rcp. grp.
NF
330
T-DET1##
Normal
sequence
Display the detail information for this relationship.
Choose Details for the relationships created.
Display the administrative data for this relationship.
1-3-4-3
Displaying information in graphic maintenance

Go back to the graphic display of the relationships.
Double-click a phase. Which detail screen appears?
____________________
Double-click a line connecting two phases. Which detail screen for
the relationships appears?
____________________
Save your recipe.
1-4
Classifying operations
Classify the operation 200 with the class REAC_## (Reaction vessel).
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Assign the following values to the characteristics:

Surface coating
Revolutions per min.
30

The classification of the operation defines the selection
conditions for a system-aided resource selection in the process
order.
1-5
Scheduling
Suggestion: Do the following exercise for different charge quantities.
1-5-1 Scheduling overview
Simulate order scheduling in your master recipe.
Choose Schedule recipe.
Display the result in the scheduling overview.
1-5-2 Gantt chart
Display the scheduling results in the Gantt chart.
Choose Gantt chart.
Select a suitable time unit.
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10.26Solutions
Topic: Operations and Phases
1-1

Production Process Master Data Production Versions
Plant:
1100
Planning type:
Group:
T-ICE##
Select production version 0001 of material T-FI1##.

Choose Recipe.
On the Parameter for recipe maintenance screen, choose Display recipe.
1-1-2 Relationships
On the Operations tab, choose Operation graphic
Recipe header tab
Which materials are assigned to the recipe as products?
Choose Material assignments.
T-FI100
T-FI200
T-FI300
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1-1-4 Material list

Materials tab
Material
Quantity
Op
T-RI000
0.1 KG
1010
T-RI100
0.12 KG
1010
T-RI200
0.16 KG
1010
T-RI300
0.02 KG
1010
T-RI400
0.02 KG
1010

Operations tab
Select phase 1010.
Choose Proc. inst.
Which process instruction is assigned?
INSTR
1-2
Reporting and changing master recipes

1-2-1 to 1-2-4
Production Process Master Data Master Recipes
<....> Reporting Recipe Recipe list
Production versions
Recipe Recipe changes
Change documents
Material list <....>
Where-used list
Mass changes
Environment
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1-3
Creating a master recipe: header data and operations / phases

Select production version 0001 of material T-FD1##.
Choose Recipe.
Parameter for recipe maintenance: edit recipe
1-3-1 Data for recipe header
1-3-1 to 1-3-1-3
1-3-2 Operations and phases
1-3-2-1
Creating operations and phases and assigning primary resources

Operations tab
1-3-2-2
Control key
Use the input help (F4) to display detailed information about the
control key K1##.
In the operation overview, position the cursor on the control key.
F4 help.
In the control key overview, position the cursor on the control key
and choose Detail info.
Which indicators are set?
Scheduling
Det. Cap. Reqmnts
Cost
Based on the indicators that have been set, what happens to a phase
marked with this control key in the process order?
The phase is scheduled
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Capacity requirement records are generated

The phase is costed
1-3-2-3
Text
Choose Text.
1-3-2-4
Administrative data
Double-click the operation/phase number.
1-3-2-5
Maintaining standard values

On the Operations tab, double-click each phase number.
Standard values tab.
1-3-3 Assigning a secondary resource

On the Operations tab:
Select phase 330.
Choose Secondary resource.
1-3-3-1
Text
On the Secondary resource tab:
Select the secondary resource.
Choose Text
1-3-3-2
Schedule
Double-click the item number of the secondary resource.
Standard values tab
1-3-3-3
Administrative data
1-3-4 Relationships
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1-3-4-1
Graphic maintenance
In the operation overview (Operations tab), choose Operation
graphic.
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1-3-4-2
Phase maintenance on the Detail screen

In the operation overview:
Double-click phase number 320.
Relationships tab.
1-3-4-3
Displaying information in graphic maintenance

Operations tab
Choose Operation graphic.
Double-click a phase. Which detail screen appears?
Standard values of the phase
Double-click a line connecting two phases. Which detail screen
appears for the relationships?
Relationships General Data screen
1-4
Classifying operations
On the Operations tab:
Select operation 200
Choose Resource selection criteria Goto -> Res. sel. criteria.
1-5
Scheduling
1-5-1 Scheduling overview
In the operation overview, choose Schedule recipe.
1-5-2 Gantt chart
Choose Gantt chart.
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11
Master Recipes: Materials
Contents:
Bill of material
Material list
Classification of bill of material items
Material quantity calculation
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
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11.2
Master Recipes, Materials: Unit Objectives

Describe what the material list and the bill of
material are used for

Create a material list for a master recipe
Classify bill of material components
Define and carry out a material quantity
calculation in the recipe
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
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11.3
Overview Diagram 11
Introduction
PP-PI Overview
10 Phases
Materials
Batches
15 Recipe Approval

SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
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11.4
Master Recipes, Materials: Business Scenario
Your company is going to put a new product on
the market.
As the person responsible, you will add a
material list and a material quantity calculation

to the the master recipe that has been defined
for the production of the new detergent.
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
11.5
Typical Material Flow in the Process Industry
Operation 10 "Charging"
Charge
vessel
Ingredients
Waste
Intra material
Catalyst
Product A
Catalyst
Operation 20 "Reaction"
Product B
Reaction vessel
SAP AG 1999
The graphic shows two examples of operations carried out at the primary resources charge vessel and
reaction vessel and the typical material flow in process manufacturing.
The graphic shows:
Ingredients entering the production process
The temporary appearance of an intermediate product between two processing units which
continues to be processed without leaving the process. Such materials are assigned material type
INTR Intra material.
Waste produced during the manufacturing process.
The use of a catalyst that enters the process at a certain point of time and leaves it again later.
The manufacture of one or more products. If several planned materials are manufactured during one
production run, they are called co-products.
(C) SAP AG
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11.6
Material-Recipe Assignment (I)
Master recipe
Material list
Recipe header
Bill of material
1
Material
(to be produced)
Operation 10
Material
component 10
Operation 20
Material
component 20
Operation 30
Material
component 30
Material
component 40
Phase 31
1 Material-recipe
assignment
SAP AG 1999
The material to be produced is assigned to the master recipe at header level.

The structure of the product, which is the material to be produced along with the corresponding material
components without operation and phase assignments, is defined in PP BOM Management as the bill of
material (BOM). A fixed and unique link between the master recipe and BOM is defined in a production
version. The production version is an attribute of the material to be produced.
The BOM data is used, for example, in material requirements planning and product costing.
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11.7
Bill of Material - Definition
Bill of material
Material
(to be produced)
Material
component 10
Material
component 20
Material
component 30
Material
component 40
Bill of material
A complete, fully structured list of the components that

make up a product or assembly. The list contains the object
number of each component together with the quantity and
unit of measure.
SAP AG 1999
Bills of material (BOMs) contain important basic data used in many different organizational areas.
BOM data is, for instance, important for:
Material requirements planning
Material staging during production
Product costing
(C) SAP AG
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11.8
Material-Recipe Assignment (II)
Master recipe
Material list
Bill of material
Material
(to be produced)
Recipe header
Operation 10
Operation 20
Operation 30
Phase 31
1 Material-recipe
Material
component 10
Material
component 20
Material
component 30
Material
component 40
assignment
2 Material componentoperation/phase
assignment
SAP AG 1999
The material list contains all materials that enter, are temporarily created, and leave the process along
with their planned quantities as components. It also defines the assignment of these material components
to operations or phases of the recipe according to where they appear in the process.
A specific material list component is assigned to exactly one operation or phase. You can assign several
different material components to an operation or phase.
In material quantity calculation, you define formulas to calculate the material quantities to be used or
obtained in a production process, taking into account the mixing ratios of the ingredients, yield ratios of
the products and remaining materials as well as specific material attributes (for example, concentration).
(C) SAP AG
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11.9
Bill of Material - Example
Product
(Co-product)
Y-300 "Yellow paint" Base quantity : 5000 l
Ingredients
Intra material
Catalyst
...
Item 10
300 -110
Water
Item 20
300 -120
Diaminobenzol
Item 30
INTRA_01 Intra material
2000- kg
Item 40
2000 kg
Item 50
CAT_01
Catalyst
50 kg
Item 60
CAT_01
Catalyst
40- kg
Item 170 PA-300
Co-product
BOM header
Paste
BOM items
837 l
1163 kg
500- kg
...
SAP AG 1999
The graphic shows the structure of a bill of material (BOM) for a material.
The product is assigned to the BOM header. A base quantity is defined in the BOM header and the
quantities of the material components entered in the BOM items refer to this base quantity.
BOM items are, for example:
Ingredients, intra materials, catalyts, co-products, waste
Quantities of materials entering the production process are maintained with a positive number, quantities
of materials leaving the process with a number followed by a negative sign. Materials that both enter and
leave the process are assigned two different BOM items with the corresponding signs.
If a BOM item is a co-product, the corresponding indicator must be set for this item. In addition to this,
the co-product assigned to the BOM header as well as the co-products listed as BOM items must be
marked as co-products in their material master records.
(C) SAP AG
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11.10
BOM Item Categories
Item Categories:
When creating a new BOM item, you must assign each component to
an item category.
The item category controls how the individual BOM items are
processed.
Stock item
NonNon-stock item
VariableVariable-size item
Text item
Document item
Intra material
SAP AG 1999
When creating a new BOM item, you must assign each item to an item category. The item category
defines the attributes and functions of an item and controls how the individual BOM items are processed.
A BOM item category specifically designed for the process industry is category M for intra materials.
The item category determines, for example:
Whether you must enter a material number
Whether quantity-based inventory management is to be carried out for this item
Which sign is to be entered for the item quantity
Whether sub-items can be used
What the screen selection and the screen layout of the item detail screens look like
Note that you cannot change the item category once you have created an item. You can only correct a
wrong item category assignment by deleting the item and creating it again.
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11.11
Material List
Ph 11
300 -110
Water
837 l
Ph 12
300 -120
Diaminobenzol
1163 kg
2000- kg
2000 kg
CAT_01
Catalyst
50 kg
CAT_01
..
.
Catalyst
40- kg
PA-300
Paste
Ph 13
Ph 22
Ph 31
..
.
500- kg
Ph 21
Ph 23
Ph 32
Ph 33
SAP AG 1999
In the material list, the material components of the BOM are assigned to phases and operations.
The material list is made up of components representing the materials entering and leaving the
production process, as well as temporarily existing materials and their planned quantities. It also defines
the assignment of these material components to operations or phases of the recipe according to their
appearance in the process.
A specific material list component is assigned to exactly one operation or phase. You can assign several
different material components to an operation or phase.
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11.12
Classification of BOM Components
Y-300 "Yellow paint"

Class type "Batch"
300 -110 Water

300 -120 Diaminobenzol
BOM item as
classifiable
object
300 - 130 Pyridene

...
Characteristic values
Solubility:
40 - 60 kg/m3
Color purity: light yellow
Class
023_02
"Pyridene"
Characteristics
Solubility
Color purity

Batch determination in the process order
SAP AG 1999
BOM components can be classified with class type batch in the master recipe. You thus store specific
attributes that the planned material components must possess in the form of characteristic values for
individual BOM items.
BOM components are classified for the purpose of material quantity calculation and batch determination.
The characteristic values can be used in the formulas of material quantity calculation.
The characteristic values defined in the process order are used as selection criteria during batch
determination.
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11.13
Material Quantity Calculation I

Calculation of the material quantities to be used
or obtained in a production process, taking into
account the mixing ratios of the ingredients, yield
ratios of the products and remaining materials as
well as specific material attributes.
SAP AG 1999
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11.14
Material Quantity Calculation II
Ingredients
Raw
material
Catalyst
Solvent
Characteristics
Concentration:
80%
Characteristics
Viscosity:
15.5 cP
Yield
Remaining
material
Catalyst
Product
SAP AG 1999
In material quantity calculation, you define formulas to calculate the material quantities to be used or
obtained in a production process, taking into account the mixing ratios of the ingredients, yield ratios of
the products and remaining materials as well as specific material attributes (for example, concentration).
Formulas for material quantity calculation can consist of:
All quantities of materials in the material list
The characteristics and their values
Quantities assigned to operations or phases
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11.15
Material Quantity Calculation - Example
Product: fruit juice
Production version: 0001
Master recipe: fruit juice production

Material list
Bill of material
Fruit juice
Recipe header
MIXING
MIXING OPERATION
OPERATION
Fruit premix
- Charge
Lemon juice
- Mix
Treated
Treated water
water
-- Discharge
Discharge
Sugar
SAP AG 1999
The food division of your company produces fruit juice. At the beginning of the mixing operation, the
individual components fruit premix, lemon juice, treated water, and sugar are charged into the mixer.
The fruit premix and lemon juice are listed in the material BOM and material list in their proportion
units Liter fruit and Liter acid.
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11.16
Material Quantity Calculation - Process (I)
Fruit juice (A)
Fruit premix (B)
Quantity: 1000 liter (A1)
Quantity: 350 liter fruit (LF) (B1)
35 % fruit content (A2)
80 - 100 % fruit content (B2)
2 % acid content (A3)
3 - 5 % acid content (B3)

B1 = A1 * A2
Adjust product
quantity?
Recalculate
product quantity
Batch determination:
fruit premix
A1 = (B1n) * A2
Batch 1:
100 LF (B11)
Batch 2:
150 LF (B12)
and so on
Lemon juice (C)

Quantity: 6.875 liter acid (LS) (C1)
40 -80 % acid content (C3)
SAP AG 1999
C1 = A1 * A3 - ((B1n / B2n) * B3n )
You want to use a fruit premix with varying fruit and acid content to produce a fruit juice whose fruit
content is always 35 % and whose acid content is always 2%. The fruit quantity in the fruit premix is
thus calculated as follows:
Fruit quantity of fruit premix = Quantity of fruit juice * 35 %
The fruit premix has limited shelf life, therefore you want to use complete batches, i.e. no batch splits.
The actual fruit quantity in the fruit premix may not equal the planned fruit content, so the product
quantity and all component quantities must be adjusted. You adjust the fruit content of the fruit juice by
mixing water with it. The acid content, on the other hand, is adjusted by adding lemon juice. Different
lemon juice batches also have different acid contents.
The product quantity in the order is determined by the available fruit quantity in the fruit premix. The
system must calculate the fruit juice quantity as follows:
Fruit juice quantity = Fruit quantity of fruit premix / Fruit content of fruit juice
To obtain the intended acid content of the fruit juice, you must balance variations in the percent of acid
content of the fruit premix by adjusting the lemon juice quantity. This adjustment is not in proportion to
the product quantity:
Acid quantity of lemon juice = Acid quantity of fruit juice - Acid quantity of fruit premix
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11.17
Material Quantity Calculation - Process (II)
Batch determination:
lemon juice
Batch 1:
5 LS (C11)
Batch 2:
1.9 LS (C12)
Add to obtain product quantity:

Treated water (D)
Quantity: 545 L (D1)
D1 = A1 - (B1n / B2n) - (C1n / C3n)
Sugar (E)
Quantity: 10 kilograms (E1)
E1 = A1 / 100
(to exactly 100 g)
SAP AG 1999
After batch determination has been carried out for the lemon juice, the actual acid quantity in the lemon
juice and the actual fruit quantity in the fruit premix are known. The batch-specific quantity proportions
of fruit and acid can be used to calculate the physical quantities of the fruit premix and lemon juice.
Treated water is added to obtain the product quantity. The amount of water required depends on the
product quantity and the physical quantities of the fruit premix and lemon juice:
Quantity of water = Quantity of fruit juice - Quantity of fruit premix - Quantity of lemon juice.
When adding water, the quantity added is always rounded up to full liters.
Sugar is added to improve the taste of the fruit juice. The sugar dissolves completely. The amount of
sugar added is to be approximately 1% of the product quantity. It is to be added in 100 gram portions.
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11.18
Material Quantity Calculation Screen
Formula definition
[001,001] * ([001,002] / 100)

003,001 003T-RJ100:gquantity
Components/operations
-
001
Quantity
002
Fruit content
003
Acid cont..
1000 L
35 %
2%
80 %
3%
001 MT
T-FJ100
002 OP
Charge
1000 L
003 MT
T-RJ100
350 LF
004 MT
T-RJ200
Select formula
Key
MT = Material text
OP = Operation
Insert formula
Calculate prod. qty
Column number
[ 003 , 001 ]
Line number
SAP AG 1999
The numbers in brackets define a "cell" consisting of line and column numbers (see key)
The detail functions of material quantity calculation are:
Select formula
This function selects the cell on which you have positioned the cursor and enters it in the formula
section of the screen.
Insert in formula
This function copies the coordinates of the line and column in the formula section, for example,
[003,001].
Save formula
This function saves formulas but does not transfer the values into the material list.
Save formula and copy result This function saves all formulas and copies the values to the
material list and bill of material.
Formula overview This function contains the quantities and value fields plus the
corresponding formulas. References used in the formulas are replaced by the value and the
description of the field to which they refer.
Calculate product qty The system calculates the product quantity and subsequently updates all
component, operation, phase, and scrap quantities for which formulas have been defined.
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11.19
Product Quantity Calculation
Material
quantities
Total quantity Fruit content Acid content
ID
Material
Un
Fruit juice
1000
35 %
2%
Fruit premix
LF
350
80 %
3%
Lemon juice
LS
6.875
Water
545
Sugar
...
Material
characteristics
40 %
KG
10
Qty (1) = Qty (4) / Fruit content (1)
1000 = CSUM (4) / (fruit content (1) / 100)
SAP AG 1999
The material, phase, and operation quantities for a recipe can be linked to each other in formulas.
Material characteristics can also be entered in the formulas.
The formulas are used to calculate the relevant quantities when creating a process order.
If a material or characteristic quantity is changed, dependent quantities can be recalculated.
The product quantity in the order is determined by the available fruit quantity in the fruit premix. The
system calculates the fruit juice quantity as follows:
Quantity of fruit juice = Quantity of fruit premix / Fruit proportion of fruit juice.
To calculate the actual fruit quantity of the fruit premix, the system must add the fruit quantities of the
batches selected in the order.
Adding batch quantities or characteristic values - CSUM
This function adds the batch quantities or the values in the characteristic column you specified for all
batches of a material item. As long as no batches have been assigned to the material item, the function
returns the quantity of the material item or the characteristic value of the material item.
The formula for material quantity calculation looks as follows:
CSUM(004) / ( [001,002] / 100 )
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11.20
Component Quantity Calculation (I)
Material
quantities
ID
Material
Un
Fruit juice
1000
35 %
2%
Fruit premix
LF
350
80 %
3%
Lemon juice
LS
6.875
Water
545
Sugar
KG
10
...
Material
characteristics
40 %
Qty (4) = Qty (1) * Fruit content (1)

350
=
Qty (1) *(fruit content (1) / 100)
SAP AG 1999
The fruit quantity of the fruit premix can be calculated using a percentage calculation.
[001,001] * ( [001,002] / 100 )
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11.21
Calculation Using Active Ingredient Quantities of
Batches
Material
quantities
USERUSER-EXIT
Material
characteristics
ID
Material
Un
Fruit juice
1000
35 %
2%
Fruit premix
LF
350
80 %
3%
Lemon juice
LS
6.875
Water
545
Sugar
KG
10
40 %
...
Qty (5) = Qty (1) * Acid content (1) - Phys. qty (4) * Acid content (4)
6.875 =Qty (1) * (Acid con. (1) / 100) - - ( (Qty (4) / Fruit content (4)) * Acid content (4))
SAP AG 1999
To obtain the intended acid content of the fruit juice, you must balance variations in the percent of acid
content of the fruit premix by adjusting the lemon juice quantity. This adjustment is not in proportion to
the product quantity:
Acid quantity of lemon juice = Acid quantity of fruit juice - Acid quantity of fruit premix
The acid quantity of the fruit juice is calculated by multiplying the product quantity with the acid content
of the fruit juice.
The acid quantity in the fruit premix is calculated by multiplying its physical quantity with its acid
content. The physical quantity is calculated by dividing the fruit quantity by the fruit content. The
following calculation must therefore be carried out for each batch of the fruit premix:
Fruit quantity of fruit premix / Fruit content of fruit premix * Acid content of fruit premix. Afterwards,
the results for the acid quantities of the fruit premix are added.
A user exit is required for this complex calculation.
An SAP enhancement (user exit) for material quantity calculation can be used to enhance standard
functionality. The following are just some of the features offered by this SAP enhancement:
Enhancement of input data through the inclusion of additional fields and columns
Calculation of values that cannot be calculated in the standard system
The formula for material quantity calculation is: [001,001] * ([001,003] / 100) - CPSM (004;005)
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11.22
Calculation Using Physical Batch Quantities
Material
quantities
Material
characteristics
ID
Material
Un
Fruit juice
1000
35 %
2%
Fruit premix
LF
350
80 %
3%
Lemon juice
LS
6.875
Water
545
Sugar
KG
10
40 %
...
Qty (6) = Qty (1) - Phys. Qty (4) - Phys. Qty (5)
545 = Qty (1) - CQSM (Qty (4) / Fruit content (4)) - CQSM (Qty (5) / Acid content (5))
SAP AG 1999
Treated water is added to obtain the product quantity. The amount of water required depends on the
product quantity and the physical quantities of the fruit premix and lemon juice:
Quantity of water = Quantity of fruit juice - Quantity of fruit premix - Quantity of lemon juice.
The quantity of water added is always rounded up to full liters:
Adding weighted batch quantities of characteristic values: Quotient sum - CQSM. For each batch
of a material item, this function divides the batch quantities by the value in the characteristic column you
specified or the value of the first characteristic column by that of the second column. It then adds the
results. The system interprets the characteristic value as a percentage if its unit of measure contains a
percent sign (%).
As long as no batches have been assigned to the material item, the function divides the quantity of the
material item by the corresponding characteristic value or the first characteristic value of the material
item by that of the second value.
You may need this function, for example, to calculate the total of the physical batch quantities from the
active ingredient quantities of batches based on the active ingredient concentration.

[001,001] - CQSM(004;002) - CQSM(005;003)
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11.23
Component Quantity Calculation (II)
Material
quantities
Material
characteristics
ID
Material
Un
Fruit juice
1000
35 %
2%
Fruit premix
LF
350
80 %
3%
Lemon juice
LS
6.875
Water
545
Sugar
KG
10
40 %
...
Qty (7) = Qty (1) / 100 (to exactly 100 grams)
10 =
Qty (1)
DIV 10 / 10
SAP AG 1999
Sugar is added to improve the taste of the fruit juice. The sugar dissolves completely. The amount of
sugar added is to be approximately 1% of the product quantity. It is to be added in 100 kilogram
portions.
The quantity of sugar can be determined using a percentage calculation. The result is always to be
rounded to 100 kilograms. The following basic function is used:
DIV - Division using integers; not intended for negative numbers. Example: 1015 DIV 10 = 101
The formula for material quantity calculation is as follows:
[001,001] DIV 10 / 10
It returns results with no more than one decimal place.
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11.24
Master Recipes, Materials: Unit Summary
The material to be produced is assigned to the
recipe at the recipe header level.

The material list shows the assignment of the BOM
components to phases.
BOM components are classified so that a system-
aided batch determination can later be carried out.

Using material quantity calculation, you can
calculate the material quantities required or

obtained in a production process by considering
the mixing ratios of the ingredients and yield
ratios of the products.
SAP AG 1999
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11.25Master Recipes, Materials: Exercises

Topic: Materials

Carry out material-recipe assignment
Create a material list
Check a production version
Classify bill of material components
Set up material quantity calculation
Your company is going to put a new product on the market.
As the person responsible, you will add to a material list and prepare a
BOM component for system-aided batch determination in the master
recipe for the new detergent.
1-1
Your master recipe T-DET1## describes the production of the material T-FD1##.
Check the material assignment in the recipe header.
How was this material assignment determined?
____________________________________________________________
1-2
Creating a BOM and material list for the product assigned

Create the BOM and material list for the assigned material.
Go to the material overview (Materials tab) of your recipe.
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1-2-1 Bill of material for material T-FD1##

The initial screen for BOM maintenance appears. After entering the data, you
can assign the required material components in the BOM. Enter the following
data:
Item
Item cat.
Component
Quantity
0010
T-RD1##
975 liters
0020
T-RD2##
400 liters
0030
T-RD3##
1225 liters
0040
T-RD4##
1000 liters
0050
T-RD5##
1400 liters
Enter 5000 L as a base quantity in the BOM header.

Choose Header.
1-2-2 Material list for material T-FD1##
Choose Back. The overview screen for the material list appears. Assign the
material components to the phases of your recipe based on the following table.
Component
Phase
T-RD1##
110
T-RD2##
110
T-RD3##
130
T-RD4##
220
T-RD5##
220
Save your recipe.
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1-3
Checking the production version

Perform a consistency check for production version 0001 of material T-FD1##.
Which messages appear in the consistency log?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
What is the new check status for the production version?
____________________________________________________________
1-4
Classifying BOM components

1-4-1 In your master recipe T-DET1## for material T-FD1##, classify the BOM
component T-RD1##.
You must classify the BOM components so you can carry
out system-aided batch determination in the process
order.
To which class of class type 023 Batch is the BOM item assigned? Why?
__________________________________
__________________________________
Define the following values for the class characteristics as batch selection
conditions:
Concentration
40 50 %
Density
1.3000 - 1.4000 g/ccm
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1-5

To carry out material quantity calculation, you will create a production version and a
master recipe for fruit juice production in your company.
The corresponding material master records are already available in the system. The
master record for the fruit juice mixing line still needs to be created.
1-5-1 Creating a resource
Create resource master record T-JM1## of the resource category RE##. The
description is "fruit mixing line".
Check the default values offered for the resource.
Fruit juice production only takes place in a two-shift plant.
Assign grouping 01 (for shift definitions and shift sequences) to your resource
in the header data of the assigned capacity category. Choose Intervals and shifts
and insert a new interval with shift sequence.
Choose the interval from today to today + 1 year and the shirt sequence M2.
Assign the fruit mixing line to the cost center for the production of food. Use
the F4 help to find the cost center key.
Save the resource.
1-5-2
Checking the material master records

In addition to the materials considered in Unit 6 Batches: Settings for Active
Ingredient Management, which are fruit juice T-FJ1##, fruit premix T-RJ1##
and lemon juice T-RJ2##, treated water and sugar are also to be added to the
master recipe for fruit juice production.
The material numbers to be used are:
Treated water
Sugar
(C) SAP AG
= T-RI5##
= T-RJ3##
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1-5-3
Creating production versions

Create a production version 0001 in plant 1100 for fruit juice T-FJ1##.
The lot size covers the range of 1000 to 20000 L. The production version is
valid from today.
The master recipe for production version 0001 is maintained with group counter
1 for recipe group T-JUI1##. The corresponding alternative BOM number 1 is
used in production.
1-5-4
Creating master recipes

Create master recipe 1 in recipe group T-JUI1## with the following data
(profile: PI01) for the production version:
Description of the recipe: Fruit juice production, grp ##

Plant:
1100
Status:
4 Released general
Use:
1 Production
Planner group:
001 Planner group PI
Charge quantity range:
1000 - 20000 liters
1-5-4-1
Text for recipe header

Create a text for the header that describes the recipe.
Choose Header text.
Header text:
Fruit juice production, grp ##
Base recipe for fruit juice production at the fruit juice mixing line.
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1-5-4-2

Create the following operations and phases for the recipe:
Op
Ph
SOp
CRD
100
Resource
T-JM1##
Description
Mix
110
100
SP
Charge
120
100
SP
Mix
130
100
SP
Discharge
1-5-4-3
Material BOM
Create the following material BOM for the recipe:
Item:
ICt
Material component
Quantity
Unit of
measure
10
Fruit premix T-RJ1##
350
LF
20
Lemon juice T-RJ2##
7.65
LS
30
Treated water T-RI5##
570
40
Sugar T-RJ3##
10
KG
Maintain the following data in the BOM header:

BOM text: Fruit juice
Base quantity: 1000 L
1-5-4-4
Material list
Assign all of the materials listed above to phase 110.
Save the master recipe.
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1-5-5 Material quantity calculation

Maintain the required formulas in the material quantity calculation for master
recipe T-JUI1##. Save the material quantity calculation without copying the
results to the material list (and then to the BOM).
To produce fruit juice, we will begin with a fruit premix which has varying fruit
and acid content. The fruit premix has a limited shelf life so complete batches
must be used. Since the fruit content of the final product must be 35%, the
quantity of fruit juice produced may have to be adjusted. Lemon juice is used
to balance the variations of acid content in the fruit premix and to maintain a
2% acid content in the final product. Treated water is added (rounded up to full
liters) to obtain the quantity of fruit juice . Finally, sugar is added (in 100 gram
portions) to improve the taste. The sugar content is approximately 1% of the
total product quantity.
The components fruit premix B and lemon juice C both consist of their active
ingredients fruit and acid, as well as their carrier material water. The physical
quantity will refer to the sum of the active ingredient quantity and the carrier
material quantity.
To do the following exercise, refer to the slides Material Quantity
Calculation - Process (I) and (II).
1-5-5-1
Product Quantity Calculation

The total quantity of fruit juice A1 is calculated by dividing the fruit
quantity in the batches of fruit premix B1n by the fruit content of
fruit juice A2 (which is 35%).
What is the calculation formula for the total quantity of the fruit
juice (also the product quantity in this case)?
_____________________________________________
Familiarize yourself with the functions available in the application
help for material quantity calculation.
What is the formula that is to be entered in the cell [001,001]?

_____________________________________________
What result appears in the Quantity column for product T-FJ1##
after you enter the formula above?
_____________________________________________
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How does this result change when you recalculate the product
quantity for the fruit premix after batch determination in the process
order?
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
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1-5-5-2
Calculating the fruit quantity B1 in the fruit premix

The fruit premix has varying fruit and acid content. You need to use
a quantity that will always produce a fruit juice with 35% fruit
content and 2% acid content. The fruit premix B component is listed
in the material list in its proportion unit LF (liter of fruit) which
equals fruit quantity B1. It is calculated by multiplying the total
quantity of fruit juice A1 by its fruit content in percent A2.
What is the calculation formula for the fruit quantity?
_____________________________________________
What formula must be entered in the cell [004,001]?
_____________________________________________
What result appears in the Quantity column for material T-RJ1##
_____________________________________________
1-5-5-3
Calculating the acid quantity C1 in the lemon juice

In the product fruit juice, a certain acid quantity must be obtained (=
2 % of the total quantity of the fruit juice), which is a combination
of the acid quantity in the fruit premix and the acid quantity C1 in
the lemon juice.
What is the formula for calculating the acid quantity in the fruit
juice?
Acid quantity in the fruit juice = _____________________
The acid quantity in the fruit juice is calculated from the total
quantity of fruit juice A1 and the acid content of the fruit juice in
percent A3.
To obtain the desired acid quantity in the fruit juice, the acid
quantity contained in the lemon juice must be added to the acid
quantity contained in the fruit premix batches.
The fruit premix is listed in the material list in its proportion unit LF
and therefore also in its fruit quantity. Which calculation is required
to be able to convert the fruit quantities B1n to the physical
quantities of the fruit premix batches (unit of measure: liters)?
Physical quantity =
___________________________
The physical quantity must be multiplied by the acid content B3n to

obtain the acid quantity of the fruit premix in the batches. For this
reason, a USER-EXIT is used to enter the quotient of acid content
and fruit content of the individual batches in the 5th column
"Intermediate results".
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Intermediate results = B3n / B2n

The acid quantity of the fruit premix is calculated from the product
of the fruit quantity B1n and intermediate result in the 5th column.
_____________________________________________
What result appears in the Quantity column for material T-RJ2##
_____________________________________________
1-5-5-4
Calculating the component quantity of treated water D1

After the fruit premix and lemon juice have been charged, water is
added until the required product quantity is reached.
The total quantity of water is calculated by subtracting the two
physical quantities of fruit premix and lemon juice from the total
quantity of fruit juice.
What is the calculation formula for the total quantity of water?
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
What result appears in the Quantity column for material T-RI5##
_____________________________________________
Change the formula so that the result is rounded down to the next
whole liter.
What is the formula in cell [006,001]?
_____________________________________________
Use the same function to round the product quantity down to the
next whole liter!
What is the formula in cell [001,001]?
_____________________________________________
1-5-5-5
Calculating the component quantity sugar E1

The sugar completely dissolves in the fruit juice. A sugar content of
1% of the product quantity ensures the best taste for the fruit juice.
100 grams of sugar should always be added to the fruit juice mixture
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34
per 10 liters of fruit juice. The sugar quantity is always weighed on

the fruit juice mixing line to exactly 100 grams.
Which of the three formulas gives the correct result?
a) [001,001] DIV 100
b) [001,001] DIV 10 / 10
c) [001,001] / 10 DIV 10
_____________________________________________
Maintain the correct formula for calculating the sugar quantity.
Save the formula without copying the result to the BOM.
1-5-5-6
Formula test for different quantities of fruit premix

The fruit premix component is the starting point for all further
material quantity calculations in this example. Use different active
ingredient quantities of the fruit premix to check the function of the
formula entered. Choose the formula for the component quantity of
the fruit premix and overwrite it with the following values:
a) T-RJ1##: Quantity= 352
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(LF)
35
Enter the new values of the other quantities:

Material
Quantity
Fruit juice
Lemon juice
Treated water
Sugar
Recalculate the product quantity to adjust it. What are the new
quantities?
Material
Quantity
Fruit juice
Lemon juice
Treated water
Sugar
Which value has not changed, even though it is dependent on the
product quantity?
_____________________________________________
Cancel material quantity calculation without saving.
b) T-RJ1##: Quantity= 370
(LF)
Enter the new values of the other quantities in the table below:
Material
Quantity
Fruit juice
Lemon juice
Treated water
Sugar
Recalculate the product quantity to adjust it. What are the new
quantities?
Material
Quantity
Fruit juice
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Lemon juice
Treated water
Sugar
Cancel material quantity calculation without saving.
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11.26Solutions
Topic: Materials
1-1
Use the production version transaction to access your recipe T-DET1##.
In the recipe:
Recipe header tab
Material assignment resulted from the creation of production version 0001 for material
T-FD1##.
1-2
Creating a BOM and material list for the product assigned

1-2-1 Bill of material for material T-FD1##
You are on the Material assignments tab.
Recipes tab
Choose Materials.
On the Create Material BOM: Initial Screen, choose Enter.
Enter the material components.
To enter the base quantity, choose Header,
1-2-2 Material list for material T-FD1##
in the BOM header:
F3 (Back)
Materials tab
Choose Create assignment.
1-3
Checking the production version

Task list exists (no warnings or errors)
BOM exists (no warnings or errors)
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Last check ok (green light)
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1-4
Classification of BOM Components

1-4-1 In your master recipe T-DET1## for material T-FD1##, classify the BOM
component T-RD1##.
Production versions
Select: Production version 0001
Choose Recipe.
Materials tab
Choose Bill of material.
Select: T-RD1##
Extras Batch classification.
To which class of class type 0023 Batch is the BOM item assigned? Why?
023_14 This class was used in the unit Batches to classify the raw material
T-RD1##.
The BOM item inherits the classification from the material master.
1-5

1-5-1 Create resource
Resources Resource Create.
Resource Category:
Description:
RE##
Fruit mixing line
When you maintain the resource data, the system suggests values that were
created in Customizing as default values.
Copy the default values without changing them.
Capacities screen:
Enter grouping 01 for shift definitions and shift sequences.
Choose Intervals and shifts.
Choose Insert intervals.
Valid from:
(C) SAP AG
<today>
Valid until:< today + 1 year >

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40
Shift sequence:
M2 < ENTER >
Costing screen:
Position the cursor on the Cost center field.
F4 help:
Cost center short text: *Food*
Cost center:
4271
Food Production
Save the resource.

1-5-2 Checking the material master records
Treated water = T-RI5##
Sugar
= T-RJ3##
1-5-3 Creating production versions

Production Versions
Selection conditions:
Plant: 1100
Material: T-FJ1##
Choose Create production version.
Detail maintenance:
Material:
T-FJ1##
Production version:
0001
From lot size: 1000
To lot size:20000
Valid from:
fruit juice production
<today>
Detailed planning:
Task list type: Master recipe
Task list group:
T-JUI1## Group counter 1
Alternative BOM 1
BOM usage
Ignore warnings.
Close the detail screen.
1-5-4 Creating master recipes
Choose Recipe.
Final date: < today >
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Profile:
PI01

1-5-4-1
Text for recipe header

Recipe header tab
1-5-4-2

Operations tab
1-5-4-3
Material BOM
Materials tab
Screen: Create Material BOM: Initial Screen
Choose Enter.
Screen: Item Overview: General
Item:
ICt
Material component
Quantity
Unit of
measure
10
T-RJ1##
350
LF
20
T-RJ2##
7.65
LS
30
T-RI5##
570
40
T-RJ3##
10
KG
Choose Header (or F6).

BOM text: Fruit juice
Base quantity: 1000
Choose Back.
1-5-4-4
Material list
Materials tab
Select all materials.
Choose Create assignment.
Assign to operation/phase:
110
Save the master recipe.

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1-5-5 Material quantity calculation

1-5-5-1
Product quantity calculation formula:

A1 = (B1n) / A2
Formula definition in cell [001,001]:
CSUM(004) / ( [001,002] / 100 )
Result: 1000
This result changes immediately when the active ingredient quantity
of the batch found for the process order is not equal to the active
ingredient quantity planned. The product quantity adjusts itself to
the active ingredient quantity found.
1-5-5-2
Fruit quantity calculation formula:

B1 = A1 * A2
[001,001] * ([001,002] / 100)
Result: 350
1-5-5-3
Acid quantity calculation formula:

Acid quantity in the fruit juice = A1 * A3
Physical quantity calculation formula
Physical quantity = (B1n / B2n)
[001,001] * ([001,003] / 100) CPSM (004;005)
Result: 6,875
1-5-5-4
Water quantity calculation formula:

D1 = A1 - (B1n / B2n) - (C1n / C3n)
[001,001] - CQSM(004;002) - CQSM(005;003)
Result: 545,31
ROUND ([001,001] CQSM(004;002) CQSM(005;003))
ROUND (CSUM(004) / ([001,002] / 100))
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1-5-5-5
Sugar quantity calculation formula:

Correct result: Formula b
1-5-5-6
Formula test
a) T-RJ1##: Quantity= 352
(LF)
Material
Quantity
Fruit juice
1000
Lemon juice
6.8
Treated water
543
Sugar
10
Recalculated product quantity:
Material
Quantity
Fruit juice
1006
Lemon juice
6.92
Treated water
549
Sugar
10
The sugar quantity has not changed. It is not increased by 100
grams until the product quantity is increased by 10 liters. Cancel
without saving.
b) T-RJ1##: Quantity= 370
(C) SAP AG
(LF)
Material
Quantity
Fruit juice
1000
Lemon juice
6.125
Treated water
522
Sugar
10
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45
Recalculated product quantity:
(C) SAP AG
Material
Quantity
Fruit juice
1057
Lemon juice
7.265
Treated water
576
Sugar
10.5
LO305
46
12
Master Recipes: Control View
Contents:
Process management
Process instructions and control recipe destinations
Control recipe creation
PI sheet simulation
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
12.2
Master Recipes, Control View: Unit Objectives

Define the tasks of process management
Create and send control recipes
Define and simulate a PI sheet
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
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12.3
Overview Diagram 12
1 Introduction
PP-PI Overview
10 and Phases
Materials
Batches
15 Recipe Approval

SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
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12.4
Master Recipes, Control View: Business Scenario
The process manufacturing of the product will
be controlled by process operators. As the

person responsible, you will define a
corresponding PI sheet in your master recipe.
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
12.5
Process Management
Process
planning
Process
management
Process
order
Control
recipe
Process
control
Execution
Proces
control
system
Process
messages
Further
message
dest.
PI sheet
R/3 or
external system
SAP AG 1999
Process management is the interface between PP-PI and the systems involved in process control. Due to
its flexible structure, it can be linked to fully automated, partially automated, and manually operated
lines. Process management comprises the following functions:
Receiving control recipes with process instructions from released process orders
Transferring control recipes to the corresponding process operators or process control systems
Translating process instructions into natural language so that they can be displayed and maintained
on the screen by the process operator
Receiving, checking, and transferring process messages with actual process data
Manual entry of process messages
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12.6
Creating and Downloading Control Recipes
Process management
Manually operated
Charge
Reaction
Automated
DisDischarge Text
Charge
ReacReaction
DisDischarge
PI sheet
Process control
system
Process
order
Operation 10
Phase 11 Phase 12
Phase 13
Operation 20
Phase 21
Phase 22
Control recipe destination:

Process control system
PI sheet
Phase 23
SAP AG 1999
Using control recipe destinations, you specify the process operators or process control systems that are
to carry out the process instructions of an order in the process order.
You assign control recipe destinations to the phases of the process order. This assignment is independent
of the subdivision of operations into phases. This means that you can assign different destinations to
phases of the same operation if this makes sense from the point of view of process control.
Process management creates one control recipe for each control recipe destination of a process order. A
control recipe can only be created if all the phases involved are released. Once a control recipe has been
created, you can no longer change the process instructions of the corresponding phases in the order.
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12.7
Process Instructions and Control Recipes
Master recipe
Oper. 100
Ph 110
CRD A1
Proc.instructions
Ph 120
CRD A1
Proc.instructions
Ph 120
CRD A1
Proc.instructions
Ph 130
CRD P1
Proc.instructions
Ph 130
CRD P1
Proc.instructions
Oper. 200
Ph 210
CRD P1
Proc.instructions
Ph 210
CRD P1
Proc.instructions
Ph 220
CRD P1
Proc.instructions
Ph 220
CRD P1
Proc.instructions
Ph 230
CRD P2
Proc.instructions
Ph 230
CRD P2
Proc.instructions
Oper. 300
Oper. 100
Ph 110
CRD A1
Proc.instructions
Oper. 200
..
.
Process order
SAP AG 1999
Oper. 300
Ctrl recipe 1
Dest. A1
Ctrl recipe 2
Dest. P1
Ctrl recipe 3
Dest. P2
..
.
Process instructions are structures with which data or requests from R/3 process planning are copied to
process control. Process instructions are assigned to the phases of a master recipe or process order.
Each phase must have a control recipe destination assigned to it. A control recipe destination indicates a
process control system, a process operator, or a group of process operators to which the process
instructions that have been created for the phase are to be transferred.
To execute an actual production process, a process order is created on the basis of a master recipe.
Together with the control recipe destinations and process instructions, the operation and phase structure
is copied from the master recipe.
Once a process order has been released for production, the process instructions to be sent to the same
control recipe destination are grouped in a control recipe and transferred to process control. Exactly one
control recipe is created for each control recipe destination.
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12.8
Planning View and Control View
Example
Ph110
Ph120
FILL
MIX
Op. 100
Recipe structure
Ph130
Ph 110
EMPTY
Op. 100
Ph 210 Ph 220
FILL
Ph 120
Ph 130
Ph 230
REACT EMPTY
Op. 200
Ph 310 Ph 320
FILL
Ph 330
COOL EMPTY
Ph 210
Op. 200
Ph 220
Ph 310
Ctrl recipe 2
Control recipe 2/
Control recipe
destination P1
Ph 230
Op. 300
Ctrl recipe 1
Control recipe 1/
Control recipe
destination A1
Ctrl recipe 3
Op. 300
Ph 320
Control recipe 3/
Control recipe destination P2
Ph 330
Planning view
Control view
SAP AG 1999
operations, materials, resources, and inspection characteristics.
In the planning view, phases are combined into operations. Phases are hierarchically subordinate to
operations.
The control view contains information in the form of process instructions. This is required for
communication with the process control level.
In the control view, phases are combined for a control recipe destination. Phases of a recipe that are
combined for a control recipe destination do not need to belong to the same operation.
The graphic shows an example of an operation/phase structure, with two phases of different operations
being processed in parallel. The parallel filling and emptying phases are monitored by the same process
control system or process operator.
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12.9
PI Sheet
Control recipe
Operation 100
CRD 01
Proc.oper.
Phase 110
PI sheet
Proc. instr. 10
Instruction 1:
PI char. 10
Read
temperature
PI char. 20
Master recipe
Process
order
Temp:
SAP AG 1999
The control recipe destination can either be an automatic process control system or a process operator in
a production line that is manually operated (either totally or partially).
If a control recipe is sent to a process operator, the process instructions are prepared for display in
natural language and interactive processing on the screen.
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12.10
PI Sheet: Structure
PI Sheet
Header
PI sheet 1000000449
Process order: 1234
Received
Comment sheet
Material: XYZ Test
material
Operating group: W01
Control
information
Phase 10 / Instruction 10
Heat solvent.
Start agitator.
Add material ABC.
Additional
information
Note:
Due to an error...
Temp.: ______ C
Rot. speed:_____
Quantity:_______kg
Signature:_____
Note:
Check material quality.
Record material quantity.
Stop heating and slow
down agitator.
Record insp. results

Call mat. qty calculation
Quantity: ____ kg
Rot. speed: ______
Signature: ____
Start cooling and record
time and temperature
every hour.
Input values
Time
10:00
11:01
Total quantity: ?___
Comments
Input values
Insp. results
recording
Function call
Signature for
proc. step
Formula result
Temperature
175.0
168.3
SAP AG 1999
The R/3 PI sheet contains the following elements:

A header with general data such as order number, material number, and operating group
Texts containing control information and instructions for the process operator
Additional information that can be called up using the corresponding pushbutton
Comments maintained by the operators, which can be displayed using the corresponding
pushbutton
Input fields (individually or in tables) for the actual process data to be reported
Fields for formula results to be calculated by the system
The Record inspection results pushbutton, which you can use to jump to the QM function for
recording inspection results
Pushbuttons to call R/3 function modules in order to start a dialog (for example, order
confirmation) or retrieve data from internal or external applications (such as R/3 Document
Management)
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12.11
Process Instruction Maintenance
Master Recipe / Process Order

Phase
Process instruction view
Alternative
maintenance
Process instruction
characteristics view
PI
assistant
SAP AG 1999
You can use the PI assistant to maintain process instructions and process instruction categories.
The PI assistant displays special selection views for each process instruction type. No knowledge of
process instruction characteristics or their use is required to work with the PI assistant. When you exit
the PI assistant, the characteristic overviews of the process instructions are created.
You can use the PI assistant to:
Define PI categories in Customizing
Define process instructions in the master recipe or process order
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12.12
Displaying Generated Process Instructions
Control recipe dest. 10 Operating group 10
Address
GROUP 10
Type
1 Control recipe transfer to R/3
PI sheet
Digit. signature
Required
Recipe
Op. 10
InstCat
Ph. 11
CRD A1
OPTEXT
Item
Description
Sequence
Scope of gen.
Filters
03
01
00
SEQDEF 05
01
05
At the start of an operation

Only one proc. instruction
No filter
At the start of a phase
For all predecessors
No filter
SAP AG 1999
You can display information on the process instructions that are automatically generated for the recipe
from the operation overview of the master recipe.
The system displays the following information for each control recipe destination assigned to the phases:
The header data of the destination (for example, address, type, type of signature)
The settings for the automatically generated process instructions (for example, process instruction
category, item, scope of generation)
(C) SAP AG
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12.13
PI Sheet Simulation in the Master Recipe
PP
Production requirements
Master recipe
Process management
Simulation
Process
messages
Control recipe:
proc.instructions
Process control
system
PI sheet
PP-PI
Process order
Process
control level
SAP AG 1999
The effects process instructions and their characteristics have on the layout and structure of the PI sheet
become visible only after the control recipe has been created. To check the PI sheet beforehand, you can
simulate a PI sheet in the master recipe.
From within the master recipe, you can simulate a PI sheet or parts of a PI sheet in the following ways:
For a control recipe destination
For selected phases
For selected process instructions
(C) SAP AG
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12.14
Master Recipes, Control View: Unit Summary
Process instructions that have been assigned to

phases are combined in control recipes.
One control recipe is created for each control
recipe destination.
The control recipes are sent to the corresponding
control recipe destinations.
A control recipe can be created to appear on the
screen as a PI sheet for a process operator.
You can simulate a PI sheet from the master recipe.
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
14
12.15Exercises
Topic: Control View
At the conclusion of these exercises, you will better understand:

Control recipe destinations
PI sheets
The process manufacturing of the product will be controlled by process
operators.
As the person responsible, define a corresponding PI sheet in your master
recipe.
1-1
Control recipe destinations and process instructions

Display the operation overview for recipe 1 of the recipe group COLORS.
1-1-1 Control recipe destination
Which control recipe destinations have been assigned to the phases of the
recipe?
Input help F4 in the Destination field
CRD Description of control recipe destinations
____
__________________________________
____
__________________________________

Which process instruction categories are assigned to phase 1010?
To which process instruction types do they belong?
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In the operation overview:

Choose Proc. inst for phase 1010
Input help F4 for Type field.
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16
ProcInstCat Type
__________
___________________________
__________
___________________________
__________
___________________________
Which process instruction types have been defined in the R/3 System?
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
Display the administrative data for a process instruction.

Choose Process instruction details and then the Admin. Data tab.
1-1-3 Process instruction characteristics
Which process instruction characteristics are assigned to the process instruction
INSTR?
Choose Process instruction details.
______________________________
______________________________
The characteristics PPPI_INSTRUCTION and PPPI_NOTE are each assigned a
long text. Display the long texts.
Display the administrative data for a process instruction characteristic.
Choose Details for process instruction characteristic and then the
Administrative data tab.
1-1-4 Simulating a PI sheet
Display the PI sheet for the phases with control recipe destination 01 in a
simulation.
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Choose Simulate PI sheet.

1-2
Defining a PI sheet in recipe T-DET1##

Create process instructions for your recipe T-DET1## using the information in the
following table. Check and correct the texts and remove the process instruction
characteristics you do not need.
The process instructions required for reporting material
movement and order dates as well as other process instructions
with information on operations, phases, and material components
are all defined as automatically generated process instructions for
the control recipe destination DE (See course LO060).
Note: In this exercise, you only have to define process
instructions for instructions and notes for the line operator.
Process instructions for in-process quality checks will be
explained in a separate unit.
Phase 110:
PI
ProcInstCat
PI Characteristic
10
INSTR
PPPI_INSTRUCTION (control instructions)

Long text (ZT-DET100-1):
Fill the required quantity of raw materials T-RD1##
(sulfuric acid) and T-RD2## (lauryl alcohol) into charging
tank and confirm the filled quantity. Pay attention to the
safety instructions.
PPPI_NOTE (note)
Caution! Corrosive material! Wear protective clothing,
gloves, and protective mask.
Phase 120:
PI
ProcInstCat
PI Characteristic
10
INSTR
PPPI_INSTRUCTION (control instruction)

Turn on agitator. Mix ingredients for 10 min.
Phase 130:
PI
ProcInstCat
PI Characteristic
10
INSTR
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Add displayed quantity of water to mixture.
Phase 210:
PI
ProcInstCat
PI Characteristic
10
INSTR

Transfer material from charging tank to reaction tank. Start
agitator.
Phase 220:
PI
ProcInstCat
PI Characteristic
10
INSTR

Carefully add the required raw materials T-RD4## (1
butanol) and T-RD5## (sodium hydroxide) to the reaction
vessel. Confirm consumed quantities. Mix for 10 minutes.
Pay attention to the safety instructions.
PPPI_NOTE
Caution! Wear protective clothing, gloves, and protective
mask.
Phase 310:
PI
ProcInstCat
PI Characteristic
10
INSTR

Transfer the contents from the reaction vessel to the
cooling vessel.
Phase 330:
PI
ProcInstCat
PI Characteristic
10
INSTR

Fill the product you just produced into the transport vehicle
and confirm the quantity produced. Check if the cooling
vessel is empty and close the valves.
PPPI_NOTE (note)
Wear protective clothing and gloves!
20
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Simulate your PI sheet.

Save your recipe.
For more information, display the process instructions that are
automatically generated in Customizing for the control recipe
destination.
Goto Process management Control recipe dest.
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12.16Solutions
Topic: Control View
1-1
Control recipe destinations and process instructions

1-1-1 Control recipe destination
Logistics Production - Process Master Data Master Recipe
Recipe and Material List Display
Operations tab.
Use the input help (F4) in the Destination field.
CRD Description of control recipe destinations
01 PI sheet for group 1
A1 PI sheet for group A1
In the operation overview, choose Proc. inst. for phase 1010.
Use the input help (F4) in the Type field.
ProcInstCat Type
INSTR
READ2
SIGN
Process parameter
Process data request
Which process instruction types have been defined in the R/3 System?
Universal process instruction category
Process parameter
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Process message subscription

Process data calculation formula
Inspection results request
Dynamic function call
Sequence definition
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Display the administrative data for a process instruction.

Choose Process instruction details and then the Admin. Data tab.
1-1-3 Process instruction characteristics
Which process instruction characteristics are assigned to the process instruction
INSTR?
Choose Details for process instructions.
PPPI_INSTRUCTION
PPPI_NOTE
The characteristics PPPI_INSTRUCTION and PPPI_NOTE are each assigned a
long text. Display the long texts.
Choose Values.
Display the administrative data for a process instruction characteristic.
Choose Details for process instruction characteristics.
1-1-4 Simulating a PI sheet
Display the PI sheet for control recipe destination 01.
Operation tab
Select phases.
Choose Simulate proc. inst.
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1-2
Defining a PI sheet in recipe T-DET1##

Operations tab
Select phases listed.
Choose Proc. inst.
Enter or select process instructions.
Choose Assistant or Details for process instructions.
Maintain control instructions or notes.
Choose Copy (only if you are maintaining in the assistant).
The control instructions and notes are defined in the system as
standard texts. You can call up these texts in the long text editor
by choosing:
Integrate Text Standard...
Enter text name ZT-DET100-*
Set Expand immediately indicator.
Simulate your PI sheet.
Select all phases in the operation overview..
Choose Simulate proc. inst.
(C) SAP AG
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13
Aspects of Co-Product Manufacturing
Contents:
Material Master Maintenance
BOMs for the Manufacture of Co-Products
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
13.2
Aspects of Co-Product Manufacturing: Unit
Objectives

Maintain the material master and BOMs for
the manufacture of co-products

Create an apportionment structure for cost
apportionment to co-products
Create a process order for a co-product
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
13.3
Overview Diagram 13
1 Introduction
PP-PI Overview
Materials
13 Aspects of Co-Product
Manufacturing
Batches
15 Recipe Approval
Master Recipes:

SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
13.4
Aspects of Co-Product Manufacturing:
Business Scenario
Your company also produces fertilizer.

During the production process of the fertilizer,
you want the co-product sulfuric acid to be

produced.
As the person responsible, you will change the
existing master recipe for fertilizer production

regarding the manufacture of a co-product.
You must also make the corresponding changes
to the material master of the co-products.
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
13.5
Typical Material Flow for the Manufacture of CoProducts
Operation 10 "Charging"
Charge
vessel
Ingredients
Waste
Intra material
Catalyst
Co-product A
Catalyst
Operation 20 "Reaction"
Co-product B
Reaction vessel
SAP AG 1999
The graphic uses two examples of operations carried out at the primary resources charge vessel and
reaction vessel to show a typical material flow in process manufacturing.
The graphic shows:
Ingredients entering the production process
The temporary appearance of an intermediate product between two processing units which is
processed further without leaving the process. Such materials are assigned material type INTR
Intra material.
Waste produced during the manufacturing process
The use of a catalyst that enters the process at a certain point of time and leaves it again later
The manufacture of one or more products. If several planned materials are manufactured during one
production run, they are called co-products.
(C) SAP AG
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13.6
Material Master
Material YY-300
Co-product
Cost-apportionment to co-products
Apportionment structure Source struct.
0001
0002
..
.
Y-300 and P-300

Y-300 and Z-300
Equivalence
numbers
Material costs
Production costs
..
.
PI
PI
10
Y-300
1
10
P-300
Y-300
P-300
Production version 1
Production version 2
SAP AG 1999
The Co-product indicator must be set in the material master of a material that is to be manufactured as a
co-product.
When manufacturing co-products, the entire costs incurred for the process order are collected at order
header level and distributed to the individual co-products using equivalence numbers.
In the material master record, you define one or more apportionment structures. An apportionment
structure specifies how the order costs are to be distributed to the co-products manufactured in a specific
production process. You can maintain equivalence numbers for each apportionment structure and assign
the apportionment structure to a production version.
When you create a process order, the system uses this data to automatically generate a settlement rule.
This settlement rule is then used to distribute the total costs incurred to the co-products.
A source structure is used to distribute the equivalences in the apportionment structure according to
cost element groups. How the costs are apportioned to the individual co-products can then differ
according to the various cost element groups involved. You define source structures in Customizing.
(C) SAP AG
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13.7
BOMS for the Manufacture of Co-Products
Leading product
Coproduct
Y-300 "Yellow paint"
300 - 100 Water
C = Co-product
+ = Input material
- = Output material
300 - 120 Diaminobenzol +

...
Coproduct
P-300 Paste
...
SAP AG 1999
In PP-PI, the manufacture of co-products can be represented by assigning a co-product as a leading

product to the BOM header. All other co-products appear as BOM items.
The following prerequisites must be met for the manufacture of co-products:
The Co-product indicator must be set in the material master of the co-products.
The Co-product indicator must also be set for BOM items that have co-products assigned to them.
The manufacture of co-products can also be represented using the material type PROC Process
material. A process material is specifically used to represent the manufacture of co-products. A process
material is not a physically existing material but rather it represents a manufacturing process. As a BOM
header for a process material, all co-products of the manufacturing process are listed as BOM items with
manufacture of co-product indicators.
There is no quantity or value update for a process material. This transaction takes place at co-product
level.
A process order can either be created for a co-product or for a process material.
(C) SAP AG
LO305
13.8
Material Costing: Objectives
Quantity
Structure
Material BOMs
Value
Structure
Prices for materials
Master recipe
Prices for activities
Overheads from costing

sheet
Prices for processes
Costing
Costing
Pricing
Pricing
Costing results
$
$
$
$
$
$
400 000
610 000
612 000
660 000
670 000
$
$
$
$
$
Analysis
Analysis
Cost
elements
Itemization
M Material
M Material
E Activity
E Activity
G Overhead
X Process
Valuating
Valuating
Profitability
Profitability analysis
analysis
Controlling
Controlling
SAP AG 1999
Material costing uses data from Logistics, such as the material BOM and the master recipe, as the
quantity structure to calculate costs for material consumption and the activities.
Material costing valuates this quantity structure with:
Prices for materials in the material master
Prices for activities in Cost Center Accounting
Prices for processes in Activity-Based Costing
Overhead on the direct costs for these materials and activities
Overhead for sales and administration costs
You can analyze the results in different ways
The analysis is used, for example, to estimate costs or for reporting
(C) SAP AG
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13.9
Executing a Material Cost Estimate
Costing variant
Costing date from
04/01/2000
Plant
Costing date to
04/30/2000
Material
Quantity structure date
04/01/2000
Lot size
Valuation date
04/01/2000
Cost
Cost Component
Component
Split
Split
Mat
Act.
Itemization
Itemization
Log
Log
Explanation
Explanation
System messages
Information
Warning
Error
OH Process
SAP AG 1999
When you create a cost estimate with a quantity structure, you enter the costing variant, the material, the
plant, and the costing version. If you do not enter a costing lot size, the default value from the material
master record is used. The system determines and valuates the quantity structure automatically.
The dates are proposed from the costing variant and determine the following:
The valuation of the quantity structure (valuation date)
The validity period of the cost estimate (costing date from/to)
The explosion of the quantity structure (explosion date)
(C) SAP AG
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13.10
Aspects of Co-Product Manufacturing:
Unit Summary
The manufacture of co-products is the production
of several materials in one manufacturing run.

In the material master of the co-products to be
produced, the Co-product indicator must be set.

One co-product is assigned to the BOM header as
the leading product. All other co-products appear

as BOM items.
A process order can be created in the BOM item
for the leading product or for a co-product.
SAP AG 1999
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13.11Exercises
Unit: Aspects of Co-Product Manufacturing
Topic: Master Data Maintenance

Set up a material master for co-product manufacturing
Create an apportionment structure
Extend a BOM to include co-product manufacturing
Your company also produces fertilizer.

During the production process of the fertilizer, you want the co-product
sulfuric acid to be produced.
As the person responsible, you will change the existing master recipe for
fertilizer production to reflect the manufacture of a co-product.
You must also make the corresponding changes to the material master of
the co-products.
Scenario: The recipe T-RC1## describes the production of fertilizer. During the production
process, the co-product T-FF3## (sulfuric acid) is to be produced along with the product.
1-1
Overview of master recipe T-RC1##

Familiarize yourself with the data in master recipe 1 of the recipe group T-RC1##.
Familiarize yourself with the operations, phases, and resources assigned.
Display the recipe header data.
Which material is assigned to the recipe as a product?
________________________
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1-1-3 Material list

Familiarize yourself with the material components that are assigned to the
recipe.
________________________
________________________
________________________
1-2
Material master: Co- product indicator

Set the Co-product indicator for your materials T-FF1## and T-FF3## in the material
master or make sure it is set.
Select view(s): MRP 2
Plant: 1100
For which material type was the co-product T-FF3## created?
Material type: _____________
1-3
Bill of material
Enter the material T-FF3## in the master recipe T-RC1## as a co-product in the bill of
material of the leading product T-FF1##.
Start recipe maintenance on the date of creation (previous exercise) in the material list.
Choose BOM.
Item
ICt
Component
Quantity Un
0040
T-FF3##
7-
Set the Co-product indicator for the new BOM item T-FF3##.
Choose Item
Adjust the base quantity in the BOM header.
Choose Header.
In the material list, assign the co-product T-FF3## to phase 330.
Save your recipe.
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1-4
Material master: apportionment structure

For the fertilizer production process, create an apportionment structure for cost
apportionment of the process order costs to the co-products T-FF1## and T-FF3##. Do
this in the material master record of the leading product.
Plant: 1100
Choose Joint production.
Cost Apportionment to Co-Products: Apportionment Structures screen
Assign the source structure to PI so you can directly distribute the production costs to
different cost elements.
Aufteilungsschema
Schema
0001
PI
T-FF1## and T-FF3##
On the Cost Apportionment to Co- Products: Equivalence Numbers screen, you can
assign the groupings of cost categories already defined in the source structure to the
Assignment field and distribute them to the co-products using the equivalence numbers.
Maintain the following equivalence numbers:
Choose Equivalence numbers.
Assignment
Co-product
EqNo
1 "Material costs"
T-FF1##
10
1 "Material costs"
T-FF3##
2 "Production costs"
T-FF1##
2 "Production costs"
T-FF3##
3 "Miscellaneous"
T-FF1##
3 "Miscellaneous"
T-FF3##
Save your material master record.
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1-5
Material master: Assigning an apportionment structure to a production version

In the material master record for the product T-FF1##, assign your apportionment
structure 0001 to the corresponding production version.
Plant: 1100
Choose ProdVersion.
Choose Details.
1-6
Source structure in Customizing

In Customizing, display the source structure PI with which the production costs are
directly distributed to the different cost elements.
Determine the source (cost element group) for each assignment in the PI source
structure and write them down in the following table (enter controlling area 1000 if
prompted):
Assignment
Cost element group
Material costs
Production costs
Misc. costs
From the controlling application menu, display the cost element groups above and list
three cost elements for each cost element group:
Cost element group
(C) SAP AG
Cost element
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14
1-7
Creating process orders for the co-products

1-7-1 Create a process order (order type PI01) for the leading product T-FF1## in
production plant 1100.
Create Process Order: Header General Data screen
Total quantity:
(for example) 1000 l
Basic dates: start
(for example) today + 1

week
On the Operation Overview and the Material List screens, check whether the
data from your master recipe has been copied correctly.
Also check whether the apportionment structure for the manufacture of coproducts was copied correctly.
In the order header, choose Header -> Settlement rule
1-7-2 Create a process order (order type PI01) for the co-product T-FF3##.
Total quantity:
(for example) 70 l
Basic dates: start

week
In the order header, the co-product T-FF3## is replaced by the leading BOM
material T-FF1##.
The quantity to be produced for the leading BOM material is calculated from
the target quantity for the co-product.
1-8
Material costing:
Performing material costing with a quantity structure
You want to replan product costs for the fertilizer T-FF1## and the sulfuric acid TFF3##. To do this, you will perform material costing with a quantity structure.
1-8-1 Write down the costing lot size for the fertilizer T-FF1## in the material master:
____________________________________________________________
1-8-2 Create a material costing estimate with quantity structure for the fertilizer TFF1## in plant 1100. Choose the costing variant PPC1 Standard cost estimate (Mat)
and confirm the dates suggested.
1-8-3 Go to the costing data and write down the status and the costing lot size:
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___________________________________________
___________________________________________
1-8-4 Write down the following quantity structure data:
Bill of material:
Alternative:
Task list group:
Group counter:
Process:
Production version:
Apportionment structure:
Use the F1 help to find out more about the Process field.
1-8-5 Which costing sheet was used for valuation?
____________________________________________________________
Display the cost in relation to the costing lot size.
Display the itemization for the cost of goods manufactured?
___________________________________________________________
An item category distinguishes costing items according to their cost source. What is the
source of item category A?
____________________________________________________________
Save your material cost estimate.
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1-8-7 Create a material cost estimate with a quantity structure for sulfuric acid T-FF3##
in plant 1100 with the costing variant PPC1 for costing lot size 7 L. Compare the data.
What are the differences?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
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13.12Solutions
Unit: Aspects of Co-Product Manufacturing
1-1
Overview of master recipe T-RC1##

Master Data Production Versions
Plant:
1100
Group:
T-RC1##
Select production version.

Choose Recipe.
Recipe header tab
Which material is assigned to the recipe as a product?
T-FF1##, Fertilizer, fluid, form A
1-1-3 Material list
Recipes tab
Choose Materials.
T-RF1##
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T-RF3##
T-RF2##
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1-2
Material master: Co- product indicator

Master Data Material Master Material -> Change -> Immediately
Plant: 1100
X Co-product
For which material type was the co-product T-FF3## created?
Choose Information on material.
Material type: Semi-finished product
1-3
Bill of material
Master Data Production Versions
Plant: 1100
Group: T-RC1##
Choose Recipes.
Materials tab
Choose Bill of material.
Item
0040
ICt
L
Component
T-FF3##
Quantity
Un
7-
Set the Co-product indicator for the new BOM item T-FF3##.
Choose Item
x Co-product
Adjust the base quantity in the BOM header to 1000 liters.
Choose Header.
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1-4
Material master: Apportionment structure

Plant: 1100
Choose Joint production.
Cost Apportionment to Co-Products: Apportionment Structures screen
1-5
Material master: Assigning an apportionment structure to a production version

Plant: 1100
Choose ProdVersion.
Choose Details.
Apportionment structure 0001
1-6
R/3 Customizing IMG Controlling Product Cost Controlling Product Cost

Planning Selected Functions in Material Costing Costing in Joint Production
Define Source Structure
Select PI source structure.
Double-click the Assignment folder.
Select each assignment and double-click the Source folder.
(Controlling area 1000)
(C) SAP AG
Assignment
Cost element group
Material cost
CO PC MAT
Production cost
CO PC PROD
Misc. costs
CO PC MISC
LO305
21
SAP standard menu Accounting Controlling Cost Element Accounting

Master Data Cost Element Group Display
Cost element group:
Cost element (example):
CO PC MAT
400000 Raw material

404000 Spare parts
405000 Packaging
CO PC PROD
620000 Machine costs

629600 Staging
625000 Setup
CO PC MISC
655300 OH Administration
655400 OH sales
416200 Electricity actual
usage
1-7
Creating process orders for the co-products

1-7-1 Create a process order (order type PI01) for the leading product T-FF1##.
Logistics -> Production - Process -> Process Order / Process Order -> Create
-> With material
Also check whether the apportionment structure for the manufacture of coproducts was copied correctly.
In the order header, choose Header -> Settlement rule
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1-8
Material costing:
Performing material costing with a quantity structure
1-8-1 Production -Process Master Data Material Master Material.
Display Display current
Material: T-FF1##
Select view(s): Costing 1
Plant: 1100
Costing lot size:
1000
1-8-2 Production - Process Product Cost Planning Material Costing

Costing with Quantity Structure Create
Material: T-FF1##
Plant: 1100
Costing variant: PPC1
Costing version: 1
Choose Enter.
Confirm the proposed dates by choosing Enter again.
1-8-3 Costing data tab
Status: Calculated without errors
Costing lot size:
1000 liters
1-8-4 Quantity Structure tab

Quantity structure data:
Bill of material:
Unique number for each

BOM
Alternative:
Task list group:
T-RC1##
Group counter:
Process:
T-FF100
Production version:
0001
Apportionment structure: 0001

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The Process field shows which process is used to cost a co-product.

1-8-5 Valuation tab
The costing sheet COGS, with which overhead costs are calculated, was used for
valuation.
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1-8-6 Costing tab

Choose Itemization
The costing item with item category A has the co-product T-FF3## as its cost source.
Save.
1-8-7 Differences to first material cost estimate:
The costing structure is created from the sulfuric acid view. The fertilizer T-FF1##
appears in the individual cost itemization with item category A.
(C) SAP AG
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14
Aspects of Quality Inspection During Production
Contents:
Inspection Lot
Specification of Batches Produced
Material Master
Master Recipe
Material Specification
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
14.2
Aspects of Quality Inspection During Production:
Unit Objectives

Modify the material master for in-process quality
inspection
Enter master inspection characterisics for the
quality inspection
Prepare the master recipe for the in-process
quality inspection
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
14.3
Overview Diagram 14
1
Introduction
PP-PI Overview
Materials
Batches

15 Recipe Approval
Master Recipes:
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
14.4
Business Scenario
Headache tablets are produced in the
pharmaceutical subdivision of your company.

A master recipe for the production process is
available.
As the person responsible, you will check the
changes in the material master and master

recipe that are specific to QM.
SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG
LO305
14.5
Integration with Quality Management
Inspection specifications
Concentration
pH value
Viscosity
Inspection results recording

20 %
7.3
100 cP
R/3 QM insp. lot: insp. char.
R/3 QM insp. lot: char. values
QM-IDI
Ext. labor. information system
(LIMS): analyt. specification
QM-IDI
LIMS: analytical results
50
40
30
20
10
SAP AG 1999
Between the production plant and the laboratory or the quality assurance system, information on product
quality and analysis values can be exchanged. This happens when the R/3 Quality Management
System is used, with or without linking to external LIMS (laboratory information systems).
You define the specifications of a quality inspection in the inspection characteristics of an inspection
lot in R/3 QM. During inspection results recording, the results of the quality inspection are assigned to
the inspection characteristics of the inspection lot.
There is a direct link between PP-PI and R/3 Quality Management. The quality of materials produced
can be checked in an in-process inspection taking place in parallel to the production process. In this
case, the inspection lot is created for the corresponding process order. The inspection characteristics are
created in the operations and phases of the master recipe the process order is based on and are then
transferred to the inspection lot. Inspection results recording takes place when the process order is
carried out. If the product is to be handled in batches, inspection results can be used for batch
specification by automatically copying them to the class characteristics of the batch produced.
You can also check the product quality before a goods receipt after production. In this case, an inspection
lot is created from an inspection plan maintained in R/3 QM.
R/3 QM can be linked to a LIMS using the QM-IDI interface. In this case, inspection specifications are
transferred from R/3 QM to the LIMS, which in turn sends the inspection results back to R/3 QM.
(C) SAP AG
LO305
14.6
Inspection Lot
Goods
movement
Order
(production)
Inspection
lot
Sales
order
Created
by
Inspection
Delivery
11
10
12
9
8
3
7 6 5
Deadline
monitoring
Manually
SAP AG 1999
The functions of quality inspection of the R/3 System are fully integrated into the entire logistics
process. They affect all business activities (such as product planning, production, procurement, and
sales).
A quality inspection can only be carried out if an inspection lot is created. Inspection lots are fully
integrated in the logistics chain, such as the neighboring R/3 tasks of goods receipt, goods issue, and
process order. They document the entire inspection process, from inspection specifications to inspection
results recording, and to the usage decision. They can be created automatically or manually from
different sources of the corresponding application.
In-process inspection takes place parallel to the production process. The inspection lot is either created
manually or automatically from within the process order when the order is released. The inspection
characteristics are maintained for the operations or phases of the master recipe the process order is based
on. They are then transferred to the inspection lot. The inspection results are recorded for the inspection
characteristics of the inspection lot while the process order is carried out.
In other tasks, such as a goods receipt, the inspection lot is created on the basis of an inspection plan
maintained in R/3 QM. Inspection plans are master data of R/3 QM.
(C) SAP AG
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14.7
In-Process Inspection - Inspection Lot
Inspection lot
Manually
Autom. at
order release
Process order
Master recipe
Material
Inspection operation
Operation / phase
Insp. characteristic
..
.
..
.
Unplanned
insp. charact.
Insp. type:
"In-process
inspection of
production order"
Insp. characteristics
..
.
..
.
..
.
SAP AG 1999
In an in-process quality inspection, the inspection lot is created on the basis of the underlying master
recipe. In the master recipe, you maintain inspection specifications in the form of inspection
characteristics for the corresponding operations or phases.
You can either create the inspection lot manually or the system creates it automatically when you
release the process order. For the system to be able to do so, you must activate the inspection type
Inspection during production in the material master of the material to be produced. The inspection
characteristics for the operations or phases of the master recipe are then transferred to the corresponding
inspection operations of the inspection lot.
Later, you can also add unplanned inspection characteristics from within the process order.
(C) SAP AG
LO305
14.8
Assignment of Production Resource / Tool to
Inspection Characteristics
Master
recipe
Operation / phase
Prod. resource/
tool (PRT)
Insp. characteristics
SAP AG 1999
If tools or equipment are required for in-process quality inspection, you can assign production
resource/tools to the phases and operations of a master recipe. You can then assign these production
resource/tools to the inspection characteristics of the same phase or the same operation.
After the release of the process order, the assignment of the production resource/tool is transferred to the
inspection lot. When inspection results are recorded, the production resource/tools of the phase or
operation concerned is displayed.
Production resource/tools are mobile resources in production or plant maintenance. They are divided into
the following categories:
Materials
Equipment
Documents
Miscellaneous production resource/tools
(C) SAP AG
LO305
14.9
Inspection Points, Partial Lots, and Batches
Operation 10
Operation 20
Inspection char. C1
Operation 30
C3
C4
C2
C5
C1
C1
C1
C2
C2
C2
C3
C3
C4
C4
C5
C5
Insp.
points
Partial lot 2
Partial lot 1
Batch B2
Batch B1
Inspection lot
SAP AG 1999
This graphic shows the general relationship between inspection points, partial lots, and batches.
If you set the Inspection points indicator on the QM Data header detail screen of the master recipe, all
in-process inspection results recordings are carried out with relation to inspection points. Unlike
inspection without inspection points, you can record inspection results for the inspection characteristics
of the same inspection operation several times. The intervals between the inspection points can be timerelated (that is, at certain points in time), quantity-related (that is, after a certain quantity has been
produced), or freely defined.
Inspection results recording is performed for the inspection characteristics of the inspection lot with
exactly one inspection lot being created for each process order. If partial quantities with different
specifications are produced in a process order, you can assign inspection points to a corresponding
partial lot to record inspection results. You can create several partial lots.
Partial lots describe a certain production quantity during production. This quantity is processed in
several operations or phases. For each operation or phase, you can perform an inspection with inspection
points for different inspection characteristics and assign the results to the partial lot. A new partial lot is
created when the first inspection point of this partial lot is processed.
An example where partial lots are used is the manufacture of co-products, that is, the production of
several materials in one process order. Each co-product can be represented by a partial lot.
If the finished product is managed in batches, you can assign partial lots to individual batches.
Selected inspection results can automatically be copied to the class characteristics of the batch for batch
specification.
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14.10
Specification of Batches Produced
Operation 10
C1: "Temperature"
Operation 20
Operation 30
C3: "pH value"
C4: "Viscosity"
C2: "Concentration"
C1
C5: "Color"
C3
C4
C2
C5
QM master insp. characterist.
pH value
Viscosity
Batch B1
Insp. lot / Partial lot 1
C2: Concentration: 20 %
C3: pH value:
6.5
C4: Viscosity: 100 cP
Concentration
Link
Autom. value transfer
Batch characteristics
Concentration: 20 %
pH value:
6.5
Viscosity: 100 cP
SAP AG 1999
In an in-process inspection, inspection characteristics for the operations and phases of the master recipe,
which the process order or inspection lot are based on, contain inspection specifications. You can either
create inspection characteristics in the master recipe or refer to already existing master inspection
characteristics.
Master inspection characteristics are master data maintained in R/3 QM. They facilitate the maintenance
of routine inspections and enable a linking to the class characteristics of batches. Due to this link,
quality inspection results can automatically be copied from the inspection characteristics to the
corresponding class characteristics of the batch produced.
If you choose inspection with inspection points, inspection points are assigned to a corresponding
partial lot to record inspection results. You can assign several partial lots to an inspection lot. A partial
lot describes a discrete production quantity that can be assigned to a batch. Once a usage decision for
this inspection point has been made, the inspection results of an inspection point are transferred to
the class characteristics of the batch linked to the master inspection characteristics.
If you want to carry out an inspection without inspection points, inspection results are recorded for the
entire inspection lot. You can assign the production quantity to a batch. Once a usage decision for the
entire inspection lot has been made, the inspection results are transferred to the class
characteristics of the batch linked to the master inspection characteristics.
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14.11
Creating a Material Specification
Quality Management
Classification system
Master insp. charact. X
General characteristic A
Material
Batch class
Master insp. charact. Y
General characteristic B
Classification
data
B
Material Specification
SAP AG 1999
To be able to transfer QM inspection results to the batch specification automatically, you must make the
following settings:
You must define the general characteristics in which the inspection results are to be transferred as a
numeric value.
You should create the master inspection characteristics with reference to corresponding general
characteristics. As a result, the value ranges of the general characteristic are transferred when you
carry out a quality inspection with a material specification.
You create a material specification for the material in QM. You can assign one master inspection
characteristic to each general characteristic. With this connection, you clearly specify which master
inspection characteristic transfers its result to which general characteristic.
If you have created master inspection characteristics with reference to general characteristics of the
material in the system, they are automatically transferred to the material specification.
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14.12
In-Process Inspection - Example
QM
Classification System
Class
023_08
(colors)
General characteristics
Master inspec. char.
C001
Viscosity
9-114
Viscosity
C002
Density
9-112
Density
C003
Wavelength
9-111
Wavelength
Insp. lot
Material TP-F3##
Char. values:
175 cP
2.00 g/ccm
600 nm
Batch_01
SAP AG 1999
The material to be produced TP-F3## belongs to class 023_08. The general characteristics C001, C002,
C003 of the classification system are assigned to this class. Material specification allows the general
characteristics to be assigned to the QM master inspection characteristics 9-111, 9-112, and 9-114.
Parallel to the production process, the inspection requests are created as inspection characteristics in the
operations or phases of the master recipe the inspection lot is based on, and transferred to the inspection
lot. The inspection results are recorded for the inspection characteristics of the inspection lot while the
process order is carried out. Since the finished product is to be handled in batches, the partial lot that has
been produced can be assigned to a batch "batch_01". The inspection results are transferred to the
classification characteristics of the batch produced during batch specification.
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14.13
Unit Summary
The quality of materials that have been produced
can be checked in-process.

The prerequisite for a quality inspection is the
creation of an inspection lot whose inspection

characteristics are maintained.
The partial lots produced can be assigned to
individual batches. In this case, inspection results

can be transferred to the classification
characteristics of the batch produced.
SAP AG 1999
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14.14In-Process Quality Inspection: Exercises

Unit: Aspects of Quality Inspection During Production

Set up the material master for the quality inspection
Describe master inspection characteristics
Create a material specification
Prepare a master recipe for an in-process quality inspection
Make an inspection results recording for a phase in the PI sheet
Headache tablets are produced in the pharmaceutical subdivision of your
company.
A master recipe for the production process is available.
As the person responsible, you will check the changes in the material
master and master recipe that are specific to QM.
1-1
Material master: inspection type In-process inspection of production order

You must activate the inspection type In-process inspection of production order in the
material master of your finished product. This will allow an in-process quality
inspection to be carried out for process orders in the production of your material THT2## (Tablet Cetepharm-N). First check the settings for the material T-HT2##.
Select view(s): Quality Management
Plant: 1100
Choose Insp. setup
Insp. type: ___________________________________
Active indicator set: yes/no
1-2
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Master inspection characteristics

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For tablet production, sieve size, water contents, and active ingredients contents are to
be inspected during the production process. In QM master data maintenance, the
corresponding master inspection characteristics have been defined.
Display the following master inspection characteristics for plant 1100. What are the
descriptions for each characteristic?
Master inspec. char
Description
N-100
N-200
N-300
Logistics -> Quality management -> Quality planning -> Basic data -> Inspection
characteristic -> Display
The batch we will produce is to be specified according to the inspection results for the
active ingredient potency. Which class characteristic is referred to by the master
inspection characteristic N-300?
Master inspec. char
Description
Class char.
N-300
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1-3
Material specification
A material specification for your finished product must be created to allow the inprocess inspection results of a batch to be transferred from the master inspection
characteristic N-300 to the class characteristic N-006.
The link between master inspection characteristics and the class characteristics for a
certain material is created during material specification.
Check the material specification defined for your product T-HT2##.
Material master menu -> Environment -> QM maint. functions -> Display matl spec.
1-4
Master recipe
A recipe has been maintained in the system for the production of the product T-HT2##
(tablet Cetepharm-N).
Display recipe 2 of the recipe group T-TAB##.
1-4-1 Control key
In which phase is a control key selected that does not correspond with PI01 in
the operation overview?
Phase number: ___________________
Control key: ___________________
Which indicator has been set for PI02 that has not been set for PI01?
____________________________________________
Choose F4 for control key PI02 . Choose Detail info for control key PI02.
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1-4-2 Inspection characteristics that have been defined

Which inspection characteristics are to be checked in phase 0021?
Master inspec. char
Description
Choose Quant. data.

1-4-3 Process instruction QMJUMPPH
For phase 0021 "Mix" of the master recipe 2 of the group T-TAB##, only the
process instruction "INSTR" (instructions with notes) is defined for the time
being. Further process instructions will be automatically generated when
creating a process order.
Data has been defined in Customizing for each control recipe destination ## +
70 (70 plus your group number).
On the Operations tab, choose Goto Process management Control
recipe dest. to display the process instructions you want to generate.
At which position is a process instruction of the category QMJUMPPH
generated in the control recipe? (This process instruction allows you to branch
to the QM inspection results recording in a PI sheet.)
Position:
Description:
Which filter is set for the process instruction QMJUMPPH on the operation and
phase level? Check this in Customizing for the control recipe destination.
______________________________________________
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1-5
Inspection results recording for phase 021

In the following exercise, you will perform an in-process quality inspection from the PI
sheet (based on the master data displayed in the previous exercises 1-1 to 1-4).
1-5-1 Creating a process order for material T-HT2##
Create a process order of the process order type PI01 for the material T-HT2##
in plant 1100.
Total quantity:
500 pieces
Basic dates: start:
today + 1 week
Choose Enter and pay attention to the messages in the status bar. The master
recipe T-TAB## (tablet production) is copied with the material list and the
process order is scheduled.
In the operation overview and in the material list, check whether the data in
master recipe T-TAB## has been copied correctly.
1-5-2 Releasing the process order and generating the control recipe
Release your order.
Choose Release.
Generate a control recipe for control recipe destination (## +70).
Choose Generating a control recipe.
Save your order and write down the process order number.
Process order number: _________________________
1-5-3 Sending the control recipe and maintaining the PI sheet
In the control recipe monitor, select the control recipe that corresponds to your
process order and send it.
Process Management menu -> Control recipe -> Control recipe monitor
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Find and edit the PI sheet.

Process Management -> PI sheet -> Find
Confirm the start and finish of phase maintenance with your signature. Sign
with your user name and confirm with your password.
1-5-4 Recording inspection results
Double-click the yellow Record inspection results field in phase 0021.
Enter a number to identify your inspection point and confirm by choosing
Enter.
On the Record Results for Inspection Point: Characteristic Overview screen,
enter results for the three inspection characteristics (sieve size, water content,
potency of active ingredient) within the tolerance range (Result column).
After you enter the last inspection results, choose Enter to trigger automatic
valuation. The recording is complete and can be saved.
Valuation and Partial Lot Allocation screen
Assign a partial lot to the inspection point.
Choose Create partial lot.
Assign a batch to the partial lot. Enter CHARGE01 as a description for the
batch master record.
Choose Create batch.
The system takes you from the inspection results record to the PI sheet results.
Confirm the end of phase 0021 in the PI sheet with your signature and save the
PI sheet.
1-5-5 Display batch with inspection results
Display the batch master record CHARGE01 for material T-
HT2##.
Material master menu: Batch Display

Goto the classification data of the batch.
Classification tab
Check whether the value entered in the inspection results recording for
the active ingredient content was transferred to the batch master record.
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14.15 Solutions
Unit: In-Process Quality Inspection
1-1
Material Master: Inspection type In-process inspection of production order

Material Master / Material -> Display -> Display current
Select view(s): Quality Management
Plant: 1100
Choose Inspection setting.
Insp. type: 03 = In-process insp. for production order
Active indicator set: yes
1-2
Master inspection characteristics

Display the following master inspection characteristics for plant 1100. What are the
descriptions for each characteristic?
Master inspec. char
Description
N-100
Sieve size
N-200
Water content
N-300
Potency of active ingredient
Logistics -> Quality management -> Quality planning -> Basic data Inspection
characteristic -> Display
(C) SAP AG
Master inspec. char
Description
Class char.
N-300
Potency of
N-006
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active
ingredient
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1-3
Material specification
Check the material specification defined for your product T-HT2##.
Material master menu/ Environment -> QM maint. functions -> Display matl spec.
1-4
Master recipe
A recipe has been maintained in the system for the production of the product T-HT2##
(tablet Cetepharm-N).
Display recipe 2 of the recipe group T-TAB##.
Production versions. Choose Recipe (for production version 0002).
1-4-1 Control key
In which phase is a control key selected that does not correspond with PI01 in
the operation overview?
Phase number: 0021
Control key: PI02
Which indicator has been set for PI02 that has not been set for PI01?
Insp. char. required
Choose F4 for control key PI02. Choose Detail info for control key PI02.
1-4-2 Inspection characteristics that have been defined
Which inspection characteristics are to be checked in phase 0021?
Choose Insp. char for phase 0021.
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Master inspec. char
Description
N-100
Sieve size
N-200
Water content
N-300
Potency of active ingredient
1-4-3 Process instruction QMJUMPPH

Operations tab
Select phase 0021.
Goto Process Management Control recipe dest.
At which position is a process instruction of the category QMJUMPPH
generated in the control recipe?
Position:
Description:
06
At the finish of a
phase
Which filter is set for the process instruction QMJUMPPH at the operation and
phase level?
(Suggestion: Open a new session)
Customizing: Process Management Control Recipe / PI Sheet
Define and Set Control Recipe Destination

Control recipe destination "## +70"
Process instructions to be generated
Choose Execute object for the process instruction category QMJUMPPH.
Selection criteria at operation/phase level:
The control key for the phase for which QMJUMPPH is to be generated must
have the "Insp. characteristics expected" indicator set.
1-5
Inspection results recording for phase 021

1-5-1 Creating a process order for material T-HT2##
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Logistics -> Production - Process -> Process Order Process Order ->
Create -> With material
Total quantity:
500 pieces
Basic dates: start
today + 1 week
In the operation overview and in the material list, check whether the data in
master recipe T-TAB## has been copied correctly.
Choose Operations.
Choose Materials.
1-5-2 Releasing the process order and generating the control recipe
Release your order.
Choose Release.
Generate a control recipe for control recipe destination "## + 70".
Choose Generating a control recipe.
1-5-3 Sending the control recipe and maintaining the PI sheet
In the control recipe monitor, select the control recipe that corresponds to your
process order and send it.
Process Management menu Control recipe -> Control recipe monitor
Process Management PI Sheet Find
1-5-4 Record inspection results.
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1-5-5 Display batch with inspection results
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15
Engineering Change Management, Recipe Approval
Contents:
Change master record
Engineering change request
Changing master recipes
Recipe approval
Digital signature
SAP AG 1999
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Engineering Change Management, Recipe
Approval: Unit Objectives

Create change master records
Create engineering change requests /
engineering change orders

Define the validity period of recipe objects
Carry out an approval procedure for a master
recipe
Define digital signatures
SAP AG 1999
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15.3
Overview Diagram 15
1 Introduction
PP-PI Overview
10 Phases
Materials
Batches
15

Recipe Approval
SAP AG 1999
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15.4
Approval: Business Scenario
Headache tablets are produced in the
pharmaceutical subdivision of your company.

A master recipe for the production process is
available.
To ensure regulatory compliance, you must
follow an existing status profile for recipe

approval to change the master recipe.
As the person responsible, specify the
changeability of your master record accordingly.
SAP AG 1999
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15.5
Objects Linked to Engineering Change Management
Material masters
Task lists
- Master recipe
- Routing
- Reference oper. set
- Inspection plan
- Equipment task list
- Gen. maint. task list
BOMs
Eng. change
mgmt
Classes
Characteristics
Classification
- Material BOM
- Document structure
- Equipment BOM
- Functional location BOM
- Order BOM
Documents
Configuration profile
Object dependencies
SAP AG 1999
Engineering change management is a central, integrated part of product data management (PDM) within
the standard system.
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Why Use Engineering Change Management for
Changes?
Monitoring and documentation of changes
Planning and realization at a specified time
Saving several change statuses of an object
Integration with the logistics process chain
Grouping of related changes
For different objects
At the same or different times
With cross-application and special
documentation
SAP AG 1999
Engineering change management is a central logistics function that can be used to change various types
of master data and document the changes.
A valid-from date for the change master record (or the engineering change request/engineering change
order) is used to make changes valid on a predefined date. This aids long-term planning.
You can use engineering change management to store R/3 objects (for example, BOMs or routings) more
than once. This means that the objects can be stored in all relevant change statuses.
The changes take effect automatically at the predefined time in all areas of the logistics process chain
(for example, sales order, material requirements planning, and shop floor and production control).
You can use engineering change managment to group changes to different R/3 objects that are affected
by one change. You can change all the objects at the same time, or you can define different change dates
for individual objects. You can create general documentation for all changes made as well as special
documentation for each specific object change.
You can use engineering change management to fulfill your legal obligations to document changes.
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15.7
Engineering Change Management: With and
Without History
ECM
Without history
(without change docu.)
Without history
(with change docu.)
Old
Old
New
New
Change
documents
With history
(with change docu.)
Old
New
Change
documents
SAP AG 1999
You can perform object changes (for example, BOM and routing changes) in the system either with or
without history. The system generates change documents even for changes without history.
Changes without history
These are changes that do not have to be documented because they take place during the development
stage of the product, for example.
The status of the object before the change is not saved. You can only find out about the status of the
object before the change by using change documents.
Changes with history
These are changes that must be documented because they take place during production, for example.
Both the status before and after the change is saved. The system also generates change documents. These
change documents differ for some objects from those generated for changes without history.
Engineering change management in the SAP System allows for complete documentation of changes.
Some of these changes may be needed for product liability purposes, for example.
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Change Master Record (Change Number)
Change
master record
- Change number
Functions
Advance
planning / validity period of changes
Def.
of object types (such as recipes, BOMs, etc.)

that can be changed
Def.
of objects (such as recipe "REC-101") that can be

changed
Def.
of authorizations required for change master record

maintenance
Complete
documentation of changes
SAP AG 1999
Change master records (synonymous with change numbers) are used to plan changes in advance and
combine related changes to different objects, such as master recipes, materials, and bills of material.
They are created within engineering change management and can contain such information as:
The date from which the changes are to be valid
The types of objects and, if required, object management records for the individual objects to be
changed
A special authorization that you need to work with the change master record
You can create, change, or display a master recipe with reference to a change master record. The validfrom date in the master record is then used as the key date. This implies:
When you create a recipe, the new recipe is valid from this date.
When you display or change a recipe, the system selects the change status valid on this date.
Unlike recipe maintenance without a change number, the system creates a new change status for all
changed objects. This change status is valid from the valid-from date of the change number.
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Structure of a Change Master Record
Change header
Change number
Valid-from date
Authorization group
Reason for change
Object types
Master recipes
Material BOMs
Documents
Object mgmt records
For example, master recipe "Colors"
SAP AG 1999
In the change header, a short description of the change, the valid-from date, and the status is maintained.
You determine which objects can be changed with the change master record by selecting the object
types.
One of the functions of the object management record is to enable you to document changes to a specific
object.
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15.10
Change Documentation
Change with history

1993
When was the change carried out?
Recipe "COLORS"
PI
10
ProcInstCat
XY
Recipe "COLORS"
PI
10
ProcInstCat
XX
From
to
05/01/93
12/01/93
State after the change?
From
to
05/01/93
12/01/93
Change on 12/01/93
State before the change?
Why was the change carried out?
SAP AG 1999
A change becomes effective on a precisely defined date.

The changed object is stored twice: in its state before and after the change. The state of the object
before the change ends with the valid-to date. The state after the change begins with the valid-from date.
Changes are documented in a change master record.
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15.11
Engineering Change Mgmt - Validity Period of
Recipe Objects
Key date
Key date
Validity
period
Time
Validity
Validity of
of
recipe
recipe header
header
Validity of
operation 1
Validity of
operation 2
SAP AG 1999
Every recipe object (such as, header, operation, material component) has a validity period. You can
determine the start of this validity period using the key date you enter when creating or changing a
recipe or recipe object.
When you create a recipe, the recipe becomes valid from the key date.
When you select a recipe for change or display, the system displays the recipe version valid on the
key date.
If you change a recipe with a change number, the system uses the valid-from date in the change
master record as the key date. The new change status becomes valid from that date.
If you change a master recipe without a change number, the change is valid for the entire validity
period of the change status selected.
The default value for the key date is the current date.
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15.12
Engineering Change Request / Order
Change
request
-Change number
- Change type
Functions
Advance planning / validity period of changes
Def.
of object types (f.ex. recipes, BOMs, etc.) that can

be changed
Def.
of objects that can be changed (f.ex. recipe "REC-101)
Def.
of authorizations required for change master record

maintenance
Complete
Approval
System
documentation of changes
procedure for changes
status network / user status profile
Authorizations
Workflow
for user status
link
SAP AG 1999
Engineering change orders have the functionality of change master records. However, they comprise the
following additional functions:
The possibility of triggering a workflow task such as sending a message to the person responsible at
a particular processing stage
A procedure for the approval and release of changes during which an unapproved engineering
change request is converted into an approved engineering change order.
The assignment of a user status profile to extend the system status network
The assignment of authorizations for user statuses
You can create, change, or display a master recipe with reference to an engineering change order. The
valid-from date of the engineering change order is then used as the key date. The engineering change
order must meet the following requirements:
It must have been approved and contain at least one object management record
If a corresponding change rule has been maintained for the recipe, the change type of the object
management record must also be identical to that in the recipe header.
To maintain component assignments, material quantity calculation, and the bill of material from
within the recipe, you also need an object management record with approved changes for the bill of
material.
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15.13
Structure of an Engineering Change Request
Change header
Change number
Change type for change header
Valid-from date
Authorization group
Reason for change
Object types
User status profile
Workflow tasks
Master recipes
Material BOMs
Documents
Object mgmt records

For example, master recipe "Colors"
Change type for object
Reason for change
SAP AG 1999
General header data of the change request:

The change request is identified by the change number you enter.
The change type controls the change process for the entire order using a system status profile. You
can assign a user status profile and workflow tasks for different processing steps to the change type.
The valid-from date specifies the date on which the changes come into effect.
By entering an authorization group, you can define that a special authorization is required to
maintain the engineering change request.
Entering a reason for the change enables you to document planned changes fully.
Allowed object types:
You must define the object types that may be changed with the engineering change request. These
include, for instance, master recipes, material BOMs, and material master records.
Creating object management records for objects you want to change:
You must create an object management change record for every object you want to change using
the engineering change request. An example for a change object would be a certain master recipe.
You maintain a change type for each object management record. The change type controls the
change process for the specific object.
Entering a reason for the change for an object management record enables you to document planned
changes of a particular object fully.
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15.14
Comparison of Change Master Records and
Engineering Change Requests / Orders
Change
master record
- Change number
Eng. change
order/request
- Change number
- Change type
Change type
System status
User status
Object mgmt records
Generating obj. mgmt records
Entering valid-from date
Immediately
Bef. conversion
Changing objects
Immediately
Aft. conversion
SAP AG 1999
In contrast to the engineering change requests/orders, you may not enter any change types for change
master records. There is no system status network for change master records.
Since object management records are not automatically generated for the engineering change
request/order, the icon for this does not appear in the object type overview.
You cannot use the automatic generation function here, because the engineering change request/order is
to control the business processes of requesting, inspecting, and releasing changes for certain assigned
objects. This excludes an implied assignment during object change itself (by using the change number).
Note: The example in the graphic corresponds to the default setting for the engineering change
request/order.
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15.15
Changing Master Recipes
Change rule
None
With change number
With engineering change order (without change type)
With engineering change order (with change type)
SAP AG 1999
In process industries, requirements for documentation and checking of master recipes vary widely
depending on the branch of industry and the product. They range from fairly unrestricted maintenance of
recipes to detailed planning, documentation and even strict approval procedures.
To meet these requirements, the R/3 System offers various types of recipe maintenance. You can enter a
change rule in the recipe to specify the maintenance procedure that is to be used for a recipe (General
View screen).
You can create or change master recipes as follows:
Without a change number:
All you need is an authorization for the corresponding recipe transactions. Changes are valid for the
entire validity period of the selected change status.
With a change number:
By using a change master record, you can combine planning and execution when creating and
changing related objects such as recipes, materials, and bills of material. The validity date is
specified using a change master record (synonymous with change number). A new version is
created for all changed recipe objects (for example, operation, relationship).
With an engineering change order:
With engineering change orders, the functionality of the change master record is enhanced by a
detailed approval procedure. By entering a change type, you can specify that the approval procedure
must be carried out in a specific user-defined way.
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As soon as you have assigned a change rule to a recipe and thus defined that it is subject to a specific
change procedure, this recipe is locked for all change procedures that are less restrictive. To revoke the
restriction, you must change the recipe in the way specified in the change procedure.
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15.16
System Status Network Object
Object
Change possible
Change
Change not
not possible
possible
Change
Change not
not necessary
necessary
Object
change
Change completed
Errors
Errors in
in change
change
Errors
Errors corrected
corrected
Change released
SAP AG 1999
The procedure for approving and releasing engineering change requests or orders is controlled via links
between statuses and business transactions. The statuses mark particular processing statuses during the
approval procedure. They include both fixed system statuses and user-defined user statuses. You can
proceed from one status to the next by carrying out a business transaction.
The predefined status network for the object management record is valid for all objects to be changed
that are of the object type material, document, BOM, and task list.
You can easily change the status from Change possible to Change not possible or Change not necessary
in any direction, as shown in the graphic.
Only the status Change possible requires further consideration of the object change and the setting of
another status. When at least one object management record contains this status, the request that belongs
to it must be converted to an order.
After you make the setting Change complete, the change can be set to Errors in change. In this case, the
errors must be corrected before the changes can be released.
You can extend the status network to include user status.
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15.17
System Status Network for Engineering Change
Requests / Orders
Eng.
Eng. change request
Check
Reject request
Checked
Withdraw
approval
Approve
Request
complete
Convert
Request not
complete
Eng.
Eng. change order
Complete
Release
SAP AG 1999
An extensive, pre-defined status network exists for the engineering change request/order (process
control).
You are only allowed to assign object management records to the order before you set the status
Checked.
When all assigned object management records have the status Change possible or Change not required,
the request can be set to Checked and Approved and can be converted to an order.
After setting the status to Checked or Approved, the request can be rejected.
After settting the status to Approved, the approval can be withdrawn.
If at least one object is to be changed, the request must be converted to an order.
Before converting, you must maintain the valid-from date of the request.
After converting, you can set the request to Not complete. In this case, you must set the request to
Complete again in order for the process to continue.
When the order and the object management record have been released, the object can be changed.
You can lock the request/order at any time and withdraw the lock again.
You can extend the status network to include user statuses.
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15.18
Recipe Approval (General Procedure)
Create engineering change request

(...)
Change objects (for example, recipe "COLORS")
Check planned changes
Approve changes
Convert change request into change order
Object changes (f.ex. for recipes "COLORS") possible
Complete and release changes/ engineering change order
Recipe approval (f.ex. for recipe "COLORS") granted
SAP AG 1999
The change procedure using an engineering change request comprises three main steps:
Creating an engineering change request
Checking an engineering change request and converting it into an engineering change order
Changing objects and completing the change
For a master recipe marked with change type With engineering change order, this process represents an
approval procedure. Once the procedure has been released, the maintained recipe is marked as Approved
recipe for the change period defined by the valid-from date of the change request.
Recipes that have already been approved but are changed using another change order are considered
unapproved during the period between the conversion and release for the change period defined by the
valid-from date. Approval is granted when the change order is released.
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15.19
Recipe Approval (Statuses I)
Status of change header
Status of change objects
Check request
Check object
(f.ex. recipe "COLORS")
(User status)
Req. checked
Check by chemist
Check by qual. assurance
Changes possible
Check by plant mgmt

Approve request
Convert request
Objects can be changed

SAP AG 1999
The procedure for approving and releasing engineering change requests or orders is controlled via links
between statuses and business transactions. The statuses mark particular processing statuses during the
approval procedure. They include:
A fixed network of system statuses
Company-specific user statuses
You can proceed from one status to the next by carrying out a business transaction.
SAP has defined a standard approval procedure, which has been implemented via a network of system
statuses:
1. An engineering change request is created that describes planned changes to various objects,
including master recipes.
2. The planned changes to the individual objects are checked and marked as possible or
unnecessary.
3. After the check has been concluded, the engineering change request is approved and converted
into an engineering change order. Now you can make the changes, that is, the master recipe can
be maintained with reference to the engineering change order.
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15.20
Recipe Approval (Statuses II)
Status of change header
Status of change objects
Convert request
Objects can be changed

Complete order
Complete changes
Check by plant mgmt
Check by chemist
Check by qual. assurance
Release order
Release changes
Master recipe is approved
SAP AG 1999
4. After the changes to all objects have been made, the entire engineering change order is
completed.
5. The engineering change order is released.
The recipe has now been approved and can be used to create orders requiring an approved recipe.
If the approval procedure defined by SAP does not meet all your requirements, you can add companyspecific checks at the change order header or change object level. To do so, assign a change type with a
corresponding user status profile to the engineering change request or the change object.
Status profiles are defined and assigned to change types within Customizing for engineering change
management. They contain company-specific user statuses. In the status profile, you link these user
statuses to the business transactions you carry out, thus inserting them in the existing network of system
statuses.
You can specify that a special authorization is required to set or delete a user status.
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15.21
Digital Signature (I)
Particular business transactions:

Digital signature required
Special approval procedure required
Unique and forgeryforgery-proof

user identification
Documentation:
name of user, signed transaction, date, time
SAP AG 1999
You can specify that a user must execute a digital signature to be able to carry out particular business
transactions.
The digital signature enables you to meet the security requirements laid down in the Good
Manufacturing Practices (GMP) with regard to the execution of these transactions. The digital signature
ensures that:
A transaction can only be carried out by users with a special authorization
The user identification is unique and forgery-proof
The name of the user is documented together with the signed transaction and the date and time, and
cannot be falsified afterwards.
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15.22
Digital Signature (II)
PPPP-PI:
Engineering Change Mgmt
PI sheet
Batch record
Eng. change request / order
Digital signature
QM:
Inspection results recording
Usage decision
SAP AG 1999
The digital signature can be implemented for the following areas:

Quality management
Saving inspection results for an inspection lot
Recording and changing the usage decision for an inspection lot
Engineering change management
Changing the status of an engineering change order/request
Releasing an engineering change order
PP-PI
Completing a phase in the PI sheet
Accepting invalid values within input validations in the PI sheet
Approving a batch record
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15.23
Activating the Digital Signature
PPPP-PI:
PI
PI sheet:
sheet:
Customizing
Customizing for
for control
control recipe
recipe destination
destination
DS
DS (digital
(digital signature)
signature)
Batch
Batch record
record approval:
approval:
Digital
Digital signature
signature always
always required
required
Engineering Change Management:

Customizing:
Customizing: Change
Change types
types
QM:
Material
Material authorization
authorization groups
groups
Digital
Digital signature
signature for
for results
results recording
recording
Digital
signature
for
usage
decision
Digital signature for usage decision
SAP AG 1999
To specify that a digital signature is required for the above mentioned transactions, you must have
activated the function in the relevant application. This can be done in the following ways:
In PP-PI:
For completing a phase as well as for accepting invalid input values in the PI sheet, set the DS
(digital signature) indicator in Customizing for Control Recipe Destinations.
When approving a batch record, the user must always execute a digital signature.
In engineering change management:
To save status changes of the engineering change request before order processing, set the Dig. sig.
indicator in Customizing for change types for object master records.
For change order release, set the Dig. sig. indicator in Customizing for change types for object
master records.
In QM:
For inspection results recording, set the Digital signature for results recording indicator in the
material authorization groups.
For the usage decision, set the Digital signature for usage decision indicator in the material
authorization groups.
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15.24
Approval: Unit Summary
You can use change master records to plan the
validity period of changes.

Change orders also facilitate special approval
procedures for changes.

The approval and release of engineering change
orders takes place via the status profile.

You can use the digital signature to ensure that
particular transactions are only carried out by

authorized persons.
SAP AG 1999
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15.25 Exercises
Unit: Engineering Change Management
Topic: Change Numbers and Recipe Approval

Create change numbers/master records
Go through the recipe approval process
Create engineering change requests / engineering change orders
Headache tablets are produced in the pharmaceutical subdivision of your
company.
A suitable production version with a master recipe and BOM for process
manufacturing already exist.
To ensure regulatory compliance, you must follow an existing status
profile for recipe approval to change the master recipe.
As the person responsible, specify the changeability of your master
record accordingly.
1-1
Creating change master records (change numbers)

Create two change master records to change a master recipe.
Create Change Master: Initial Screen
Change number: AEND_01_##
(or)AEND_02_##
Type:
Change master
Function:
Without release key
Create Change Master Record: Change Header screen

Description:
Change number of group ##
Valid from:
Today + 1 week for AEND_01_##

Today + 2 weeks for AEND_02_##
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Change no. status:
01 active
After you release the data, the Create Change Master: Object Types screen appears.
Specify that your master recipes and BOMs are changeable objects.
Edit -> More -> Object sub-types
Object type specification:
Task list and BOM
Set the following indicators for the object types "Master recipe" and "Material BOM":
Actv.
Object
MgtRec
Note: By setting these indicators, you define that

i) Master recipes and material BOMS (and production versions) can be changed with
this change number
ii) Object management records are automatically created for the changed objects
Save your change master records.
1-2
Changing master recipe objects with a change number

1-2-1 Change the master recipe T-DET1## with the change number AEND_01_##.
Task list group: T-DET1##
Choose Assign change number.
Change number: AEND 01
Choose Recipe.
Change the charge quantity range of your recipe to 1,000 -40,000 L.
Display the administrative data for the recipe header.
Save your recipe and your production version.
1-2-2 Change your master recipe T-DET1## with the change number AEND_02_##.
Enter the original charge quantity range (1,000 -20,000 L).
Display the administrative data.
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Save your recipe and your production version again.

1-2-2-1
1-3
Display the header data of the recipe T-DET1## and the

administrative data for the following key dates:
Today
Today +10 days
Today + 20 days
Documentation of changes
1-3-1 Documentation in the change master record
Display the change master record AEND_01_##.
Which master recipe was changed with the change number, that is, for which
master recipe was an object management record generated?
_____________________
Change number Display
Choose All objects.
Note: You find details on an object management record by double-clicking each
object. Detailed descriptions of changes can be defined for an object
management record.
1-3-2 Recipe changes
Which changes were made to the recipe header of recipe T-DET1##?
Master recipe menu / Reporting Recipe -> Recipe changes
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Task list type:
Plant:
1100
Recipe group:
T-DET1##
Recipe:
Change documentation for the following object: recipe header

Program -> Execute
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
1-4
Recipe approval
1-4-1 Change rule
1-4-1-1
Select the production versions for recipe T-TAB##. Open the master
recipe for production version 0001 of material T-HT2## on the key
date "Today".
Which processing mode (display or change?) appears?
__________________________________
Find out the meaning and function of the Change rule and
Change type fields using the F1 help in the recipe header.
Which change rule or change type is set?
Change rule:
Change type:
Save the recipe.
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1-4-1-2
Try to access the recipe in the change mode.

Master Data Master Recipes Recipe and Material List
Change
Why can you only display the recipe data and not make any
changes?
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
Notice the message in the status bar. Get more information on error
diagnosis and how to proceed further by double-clicking this
message.
1-4-2 Creating an engineering change request

1-4-2-1
In engineering change management, create change request

REQUEST## of the change type 100, "change of recipes".
Make the following entries on the Create Engineering Change
Request: Change Header screen:
Description:
Recipe change T-TAB##
Valid from:
Today + 1 week
Change no. status:
01 active
Reason for change:
Display SOP in ProdInst for TTAB##
Allow the changeability of the object types Master recipe and

"Material BOM".
Edit More Object sub-types/ Task list and BOM indicators
Set the Actv. indicator and Object indicator for the object types
Master recipe and Material BOM. Delete all indicators set for other
object types.
Define the recipe T-TAB## and the BOM for material T-HT2## as
changeable objects.
Choose Objects.
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TL type TL group
2
T-TAB##
Description
Add new
proc. inst. for SOP call
Change type
100
Materials tab
Material
Plant
BOM usg. Description
Change type
T-HT2##
1100
see above
No change
Define the following long text for the object management record
referring to the the planned changes to the recipe:
Task list tab
Choose Details for T-TAB##
Choose Object long text
Due to a new safety rating of material T-RD1##, you must be able to
call up the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) from the archive
system in the PI sheet for phase 110. An appropriate process
instruction must be added for phase 110. The change must be valid
from the date today + 1 week.
1-4-2-2
Which statuses are set for your change objects?

In each object management record for the recipe or BOM,
choose Status mgmt.
System status:
____________________________________
User status:
____________________________________
Which statuses are set for the change request?
Choose Change header and then Status mgmt.
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System status:
____________________________________
User status:
____________________________________
Save your change request.
1-4-3 Try to change your recipe T-TAB## (group counter 2, production version 2)
with reference to this request.
Which error message do you receive?
______________________________________________________
Display the message log. What is the message text for the error message?
______________________________________________________
Find out more about the reasons for the error and how to fix it by doubleclicking the error message.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-5
Checking, approving and converting the engineering change request

1-5-1 Set the status Check request for the engineering change request.
Engineering Change Request Change / Choose Set status / Choose Check
request.
1-5-2 What additional system status is set for the engineering change request?
____________________________________
1-5-3 What additional system status is set for the engineering change objects?
____________________________________
Choose Objects.
Select objects.
Choose Detail and then Status mgmt.
Choose Previous / Next object.
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1-5-4 Can you set the object system status Change possible for your recipe or BOM at
the moment?
____________________________________
In the object management record of the recipe or BOM, choose Set status.
1-5-5 Before you can set the status, the user status that is set must be withdrawn by
the authorized persons.
Withdraw each user status.
Choose Status mgmt.
1.5.6
Set the object status to Change possible.
1.5.7
Which status is additionally set for the change header?

_____________________________________
1.5.8
Set the system status to ECR checked.
1.5.9
The request must now be approved and converted to an engineering change

order before the engineering change object can be edited. Before you can set the
status, the user status that is already set must be withdrawn by an authorized
person.
Withdraw the user status and set the system status Approve request and
Convert request.
Save your engineering change order.
1-6
Changing with an engineering change order

Change your master recipe T-TAB## (group counter 2, production version 0002) with
reference to your engineering change order ORDER##.
Add the process instructions DOC_SHOW of type 6 Dynamic function call for phase
11.
Save your recipe and the production version.
1-7
Closing and releasing object changes and engineering change orders

Call up your engineering change order in the change mode.
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Which statuses does the engineering change order have?

_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
Which statuses do the characteristics have?
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
1-7-1 Set the status Complete change for the engineering change objects.
In the meantime, save your engineering change order and try to change your
recipe T-TAB## with reference to the engineering change order.
Find out more about the system messages created while doing this.
1-7-2 Continue to process your engineering change order.
Which system statuses do the engineering change objects have now?
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
Which user status was set when you closed?
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
The engineering change object can only be released after being inspected by the
responsible areas defined by the object user status. These authorized users
withdraw their user status after inspection, and the object can then be released.
Withdraw the user status for the engineering change object and set the object
system status Release change.
1-7-3 Set the system status Close for the engineering change order.
Which system statuses does the engineering change order have now?
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_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
Which user status was set when you closed?
_____________________________________
The engineering change order and corresponding approval can only be released
after being inspected by the responsible area defined by the order user status.
An authorized person withdraws the user status after inspection and releases the
order.
Withdraw the user status for the order and set the order system status to Release
change.
Save your engineering change order.
1-8
Status report on engineering change order

Generate a detailed status report on your engineering change order.
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15.26Solutions
Unit: Engineering Change Management
Topic: Change Numbers and Recipe Approval
1-1
Creating change master records (change numbers)

Create two change master records to change a master recipe.
Production - Process -> Master Data -> Engineering Change Management
Change Number -> Create
Specify that your master recipe is a changeable object.
Edit -> More -> Object sub-types
Object type specification:
1-2
Task list.and BOM
Changing master recipe objects with change numbers

1-2-1 Change the master recipe T-DET1## with the change number AEND_01_##
Production versions
Select Production version.
Enter the change number and choose Enter.
Choose Recipes.
Recipe header tab
Enter the new charge quantity range
The recipe is now assigned the change number with its validity range.
Save the recipe and production version.
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Choose Refresh.
1.2.2
same as in 1-2-1
1.2.2.1
Select production version.

Choose Recipe.
Enter key date.
Choose Display recipes.
Recipe header and Administrative data tab
1-3
Documentation of changes
1-3-1 Documentation in the change master record
Display the change master record AEND_01_##.
Which master recipe was changed with the change number, that is, for which
master recipe was an object management record generated?
T-DET1##
Change number Display
Choose All objects.
1-3-2 Recipe changes
Which changes were made to the recipe header of recipe T-DET1##?
Changes were made to the lot size (Charge quantity range) using the change
number from part 1-1.
1-4
Recipe approval
1-4-1 Change rule
1-4-1-1
Production versions for master recipe T-TAB##

Choose Recipes.
You are in the display mode.
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Recipe header tab
1-4-1-2
Change rule:
With engineering change order" (with

change type)
Change type:
200
Try to access the recipe in the change mode.

Why can you only display the recipe data and not make any
changes?
The change rule 3 (= with engineering change order) does not allow
changes to the recipe without the entry of an engineering change
order.
1-4-2 Creating an engineering change request

Production-Process -> Master Data -> Engineering Change Management ->
Change Number -> Create
1-4-2-1
In engineering change management, create change request

REQUEST## of the change type 100.
Enter data and press Enter.
Allow the changeability of the object types Master recipe and
"Material BOM".
Edit More Object sub-types/ Set Task list and BOM
indicators.
Choose Copy.
Set the "Active" and "Object" indicators for the material BOM and
master recipe and choose "Enter".
Define the recipe T-TAB## and the BOM for material T-HT2## as
changeable objects.
Choose Objects.
Task list tab.
Enter data for T-TAB## and press Enter.
Material BOM tab
Enter data for material T-HT2## and press Enter.
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Task list tab

Select task list group T-TAB##.
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Choose Detail view.

Choose Long text object.
Enter text, save and go back.
1-4-2-2
Which status types are set for your change objects?

In each object management record, choose Status mgmt.
System status:
Created
User status:
CHEM: Check by chemist
QUAL: Check by quality assurance
PROC: Check by process technology
Choose Back.
Which statuses are set for the change request?
Choose Change header and then Status mgmt.
System status:
Created
User status:
Check by plant management
Save engineering change request
1-4-3 Try to change your recipe T-TAB## (group counter 2, production version 0002)
with reference to this request.
Production versions
Select Production version 0002.
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Which error message do you receive?

The change number was not assigned to all entries you have selected.
Incorrect entries are still selected.
Display the message log. What is the message text for the error message?
System status: ECR is not yet approved
Find out more about the reasons for the error and how to fix it by doubleclicking the error message.
The system checks the system status of the engineering change request. The
engineering change request must be approved and converted to an engineering
change order.
1-5
Checking, approving and converting the engineering change request

Check
1-5-1 Set the status Check request for the engineering change request.
Engineering Change Request Change / Choose Set status. / Choose
Check request.
Choose Continue.
1-5-2 What additional system status is set for the engineering change request?
Choose Status mgmt.
Status:
Check ECR
Choose Back.
1-5-3 What additional system status is set for the engineering change objects?
Choose Objects.
Select both objects.
Choose Detail view.
Choose Status mgmt.
To navigate between the individual objects:
Choose Previous / Next object.
Status:
Inspection request for ECR
Choose Back.
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1-5-4 Can you set the object system status Change possible for your recipe or
BOM at the moment?
Choose Set status.
No
Choose Continue.
1-5-5 Choose Status mgmt.
Remove all indictors for the user status for both objects
Choose Back.
1-5-6 For both objects:
Choose Set status for status Change possible.
Approval and conversion
1-5-7 Which status is additionally set for the change header?
Choose Change header.
Choose Status mgmt.
Status:
All objects checked
Choose Back.
1-5-8 Set the request system status to ECR checked.
Choose Set status.
Choose Req. checked.
Choose Continue.
1-5-9 Choose Status mgmt.
Remove indicator for user status
Choose Back.
Choose Set status.
Choose Approve request.
Choose Convert request.
Choose Continue.
Save order
1-6
Changing with an engineering change order
Production versions
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Select Production version 0002.

Choose Recipes.
Operations tab
Select phase 11 and choose Process instructions.
Add process instruction DOC_SHOW.
Save recipe and production version.
1-7
Closing and releasing object changes and engineering change orders

Call up your engineering change order in the change mode.
Change Number Change
Which statuses does the engineering change order have?
Choose Status mgmt.
All objects checked
ECR checked
ECR approved
ECOP: ECO to be processed
Choose Back.
Which statuses do the characteristics have?
Choose Objects.
Select both objects.
Choose Detail view.
Choose Status mgmt.
Created
Object: Change possible
Object: To be processed
Object: In preparation
Choose Back.
1-7-1 Set the status Complete change for the engineering change objects.
In the object management record:
Choose Set status.
Choose Complete changes.
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Choose Continue.
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1-7-2 Continue processing your engineering change order.

Which system status does the engineering change object T-TAB## have now?
In the object management record:
Choose Status mgmt.
Created
Object: Change possible
Object: Change completed
Which user status was set during when you closed?
CHEM: Check by chemist
QUAL: Check by quality assurance
PROC: Check by process technology
For the object in status management:
Remove all indictors for the user status
Choose Back.
Choose Set status.
Choose Release changes.
Choose Continue.
1.7.3
Set the system status Complete order for the engineering change order.
Choose Change header.
Choose Set status.
Choose Close.
Choose Continue.
Which system statuses does the engineering change order have now?
Choose Status mgmt.
All objects checked
ECR checked
ECR approved
ECO confirmed
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ECO completed
All objects released
Which user status was set while closing?
Check by plant management
Remove indicator for user status
Choose Back.
Choose Set status.
Choose Release order.
A message appears that the engineering change order has been released.
Choose Continue.
Save order
1.8
Status report on engineering change order

Choose Change Number Change
Choose Enter. If a warning appears, confirm with enter.
Environment Reporting Status Report
or
Choose Status report for the system status.
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16
Summary and Conclusion
Contents:
Life cycle of a process order
Information about further courses
SAP AG 1999
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16.2
Summary and Conclusion: Unit Objectives

Create a process order for a material
Carry out system-aided batch determination and
resource selection
Release the order, create a control recipe, and
send it
Maintain the PI sheet and send messages that
have been created
SAP AG 1999
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16.3
Overview Diagram 16
1
Introduction
PP-PI Overview
10 Phases
Materials
Batches
15 Recipe Approval

SAP AG 1999
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16.4
Summary and Conclusion: Business Scenario
You have made the settings and maintained the

data necessary for the process manufacturing of
the new product in the R/3 System.
As the person responsible, create a process
order and have the corresponding PI sheet
maintained by a process operator.
SAP AG 1999
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16.5
Functions of PP-PI
Production planning
Master data
Material
Quality
management
Process
planning/
orders
Process
management
Process control
LIMS
Laboratory system (autom.)
PCS
information syst.
Process data
documentation/
evaluation
Resource
Master recipe
PI sheet
(manual)
PI sheet
SAP AG 1999
PP-PI comprises the following functional areas :

Resource management: The PI-specific master data of resources describes all means of production
and persons involved in the production process.
Master recipe management: The PI-specific master data of master recipes describes the
manufacture of one or more materials in one production run without relating to a particular order.
Master recipes are the basis for process orders.
Process planning comprises the planning of process orders. Process orders are created on the basis
of master recipes. They describe and monitor the actual production process.
Process management coordinates the transfer of data between PP-PI and the process control level.
It can be used in fully automated, partially automated, and manually operated plants.
Process data documentation and evaluation enables a detailed documentation and evaluation of
all planned and actual values of a process.
PP-PI is integrated with, for example:
R/3 Quality Management. Via a special interface, external laboratory information systems
(LIMS) can be linked to R/3 QM.
The higher-level planning components of R/3. Production requirements for PP-PI are created in R/3
Material Requirements Planning. Via a special interface, you can also transfer requirements
from an R/2 System or an external planning system to PP-PI.
The master data and functions of R/3 Materials Management (such as material, inventory
management).
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16.6
Data Flow in PP-PI
Production reqmts
Materials
Material master
Bill of material
Resources
Proc. units
Personnel
PP
Planned order
PP-PI
Process order
Master recipe
Manually
MM
Process data documentation & evaluation
Process management
QM
Process
messages
Automatic control
Manual control (PI sheet)
Control recipe:
proc. instructions
Process control
system
Process
control level
SAP AG 1999
A production process is triggered by production requirements. Production requirements are created in

material requirements planning in the form of planned orders. Planned orders define the basic dates and
planned production quantities.
During process planning, planned orders are converted into process orders. The basic dates and
production quantities are copied from the planned order. The actual production dates are calculated using
the basic dates. You can also create a process order manually.
A process order provides a detailed description of the actual production of one or more materials in one
production run. It is the main control instrument in production, describing and monitoring all planned
and actual data relating to production.
A master recipe is used as the basis for a process order. It defines, for example, the planned resources
and material components.
After a process order has been released for production, the process instructions maintained in the order
are bundled into control recipes by process management. The control recipes are either transferred to a
process control system via a specific interface or are displayed online in the form of a process
instruction sheet (PI sheet) that can be read and maintained by process operators.
Process management in turn receives process messages from the process control level and transfers
them to various destinations. For instance, it is possible to record confirmations for the process order,
transfer actual values of the process to functions for process data documentation and evaluation, post
material consumptions or production yields as goods movements and transfer quality data to Quality
Management results recording.
(C) SAP AG
LO305
(C) SAP AG
LO305
16.7
Life Cycle of a Process Order
Archiving / Deleting
Production reqmnts
Process data
documentation
Process order
settlement
Process order
creation
Proc. order
Scheduling
Operations
Good receipts
Phases
Process
instructions
Proc. messages
to diff. destin.
Costs
Resource
assignments
Material
availability check
Material
components
Relationships
Relationships
Process order
release
In-process quality
inspections
Creating & download.

control recipes
Order
confirmations
Cap.rqmts planning
Material withdrawals
SAP AG 1999
The graphic shows the main steps that are carried out for controlling process manufacturing in the R/3
System.
The process order is the main instrument for executing and monitoring production. The procedure of
process order management can be divided into the following steps:
Process planning
Process order execution/Process management
Order closing
(C) SAP AG
LO305
16.8
Order Processing - Further Information
Archiving / Deleting
Production reqmnts
Process data
documentation
Process order
settlement
Process order
creation
Proc. order
Scheduling
Operations
Good receipts
Phases
Process
instructions
Proc. messages
to diff. destin.
Costs
Material
components
LO310
Detail Functions
in order
Process
release
Process Manufacturing
Creating & download.
control recipes
Order
confirmations
Material
availability check
Resource
assignments
Anordnungs- beziehungen
Relationships
In-process quality
inspections
Cap.rqmts planning
Material withdrawals
SAP AG 1999
Further information on this topic is provided in the course LO310 "Detail Functions in Process
Manufacturing".
(C) SAP AG
LO305
10
16.9
Process Management - Further Information
Process
planning
Process
management
Process
control
Execution
Control
recipes
Process
order
Process
control
system
Process
messages
PI sheet
LO315
Process Management
And other
message
destinations
SAP AG 1999
Further information on this topic is provided in the course LO315 "Process Management".
(C) SAP AG
LO305
11
16.10
QM and Batches - Further Information
Integration with Quality Management
LO705
Quality Inspections
Inspection specifications
Concentration
pH value
Viscosity
Insp. results recording

20 %
7,3
100 cP
R/3 QM insp. lot: Insp. char.
R/3 QM insp. lot: char. values
LO721
QM in Process
Manufacturing
QM-IDI
QMQM-IDI
LIMS: analytical results
Ext. Labor. information system

(LIMS): analyt. specification
50
40
30
20
10

Procurement
Production
Warehouse management
Sales
Warehouse management
Purchase
order
Warehouse
Batch
assignment
Process/
production
order
Warehouse
Batch
assignment
LO955
Batch Management
A
A
Sales
order
Batch determination
Batch determination
SAP AG 1999
Further information on the topics "Quality Management" and "Batch Management" are provided in the
courses LO705 "Quality Inspections" and LO955 "Batch Management".
(C) SAP AG
LO305
12
16.11Summary: Exercises
Unit: Summary

Create and process orders
Carry out batch determination and resource selection
Generate a control recipe and a PI sheet
Work with the message monitor
You have made the settings and maintained the data necessary for
the process manufacturing of the new product in the R/3 System.
As the person responsible, create a process order and have the
corresponding PI sheet processed by a line operator.
Note: The following exercises will illustrate the complete execution of a process order based on
the master data created in the previous exercises.
1-1
Creating process orders

Create a process order of the order type PI01 for material T-FD1## (detergent) in plant
1100.
Total quantity:
(for example) 10000L
Basic dates: start

week
Choose Enter and pay attention to the messages in the status bar. The master recipe TDET1## (detergent production) is copied with the material list and the process order is
scheduled.
On the Operation Overview and Material List screens, check whether the data from the
master recipe T-DET1## has been copied correctly.
(C) SAP AG
LO305
13
1-2
System-aided batch determination

Note:
In the previous exercises, you posted batch stocks for your material component TRD1## which is to be handled in batches. The batches are classified with the class
023_14 (detergent production) of the class type 023 (batch). The characteristics M100
(concentration) and M200 (density) are assigned to class 023_14 to which you assigned
the corresponding batch characteristics.
You also classified the BOM item 0010 T-RD1## in the BOM for material T-FD1##
with the same class. By doing this, you defined selection conditions for a system-aided
batch determination.
Execute batch determination for component T-RD1## in the order.
Pay attention to the messages.
Assign a selected batch.
Save your order and write down the order number. __________________.
1-3
System-aided resource selection

Note:
In the previous exercises, you classified your reaction vessel with the class REAC_##
(Reaction vessel) of the class type 019 (Work center class) and defined specific
characteristics for these resources by assigning them values.
The resource T-DTG1## that is assigned to operation 200 only serves planning
purposes (task list usage C## Recipe until release group##). An order cannot be
released with this resource. Before the release of an order can take place, a planning
resource must be replaced with a suitable real resource.
You also classified operation 200 with the class REAC_## and, by assigning the
corresponding values to the characteristics, defined selection conditions for a systemaided resource selection of a suitable reaction vessel. The resource network is
considered at the same time.
Execute a resource selection for operation 200.
Select a resource.
1-4
Releasing a process order

Release your order.
1-5
(C) SAP AG
Generating a control recipe

LO305
14
Generate a control recipe for the order.

Save your order.
1-6
Sending a control recipe

Send your recipe in the control recipe monitor.
1-7
Maintaining the PI sheet

Find and maintain the PI sheet.
Confirm the start and finish of phase maintenance with your signature. Sign with your
user PI## and confirm with your.
Read the notes that have been prepared in the PI sheet.
Confirm the material withdrawal quantities of the raw materials T-RD1## and TRD2##. Use the material information that is listed and F4 as help. Do the same for the
withdrawal of the raw materials T-RD3##, T-RD4##, and T-RD5##.
Confirm the produced quantity of the product T-FD1##.
Set the PI sheet to complete after the last signature.
PI sheet -> Set to complete
1-8
Sending process messages

In the message monitor, send the process messages that were created during the
maintenance of the PI sheet.
(C) SAP AG
LO305
15
1-9
Check withdrawn raw material quantities and time confirmations

Check the withdrawn quantities of raw materials in your process order. Also check the
time confirmations for the order.
(C) SAP AG
LO305
16
16.12Solutions
Unit: Summary
1-1
Creating process orders

Create a process order of the order type PI01 for material T-FD1## (detergent) in plant
1100.
Logistics -> Production - Process -> Process Order Process Order -> Create ->
With material
On the Operation Overview and Material List screens, check whether the data from the
master recipe T-DET1## has been copied correctly.
Choose Operations.
Choose Materials.
1-2
System-aided batch determination

Execute batch determination for component T-RD1## in the order.
In the material list:
Choose Trigger batch determination for component T-RD1##
For a batch found:
Choose Copy.
(C) SAP AG
LO305
17
1-3
System-aided resource selection

Execute a resource selection for operation 200.
Process order Change
Operation overview
for operation 200:
Choose Execute resource selection.
Select a resource.
1-4
Releasing a process order

Release your order.
Choose Release.
1-5
Generating a control recipe

Generate the control recipe for the order.
Choose Generate control recipe.
1-6
Sending a control recipe

Send your control recipe in the control recipe monitor.
Process Management menu Control recipe -> Control recipe monitor
(C) SAP AG
LO305
18
1-7
Editing the PI sheet

Process Management PI sheet Find
Set the PI sheet to complete after the last signature.
PI sheet -> Set to complete
1-8
Sending process messages

In the message monitor, send the process messages that were created during the
maintenance of the PI sheet.
Process management Message -> Message monitor
1-9
Check withdrawn raw material quantities and time confirmations

Check the withdrawn quantities of raw materials in your process order. Also check the
time confirmations for the order.
Process order -> Display
Material List
For the material components, choose Material -> Material details
Operation Overview
For the phases, choose Operation -> Operation details
Dates group box.
(C) SAP AG
LO305
19

LO305 Basic Data For Process Manufacturing

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LO305 Basic Data for Process Manufacturing

Release 630 29.08.2003

LO305 Basic Data for Process Manufacturing...............................................................................................................0-1

Overview Diagram 6..............................................................................................................................................6-3

Structure of a Master Recipe (II)..........................................................................................................................10-7

Component Quantity Calculation (I)..................................................................................................................11-20

Integration with Quality Management..................................................................................................................14-5

Overview Diagram 16..........................................................................................................................................16-3

Copyright 2002 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

LO060 - Planning & Control for Process Manufacturing

This course will prepare you to maintain the basic data

Furthermore, you will be introduced to the following

At the conclusion of this course, you will be able to:

regarding the material master, resources, and

Master Data: Overview

R/3 Classification System

Aspects of Quality Inspection Unit 16

Master Data: Overview

11 Master Recipes: Materials

12 Master Recipes: Control View

R/3 Classification System

13 Aspects of Co-Product Manufacturing

16 Summary and Conclusion

Aspects of Quality Inspection

As a member of a project team in a company,

you are responsible for creating the basic data

enterprise with chemical and pharmaceutical

materials, batches, classes, resources, and

At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:

Master Data: Overview

11 Master Recipes: Materials

12 Master Recipes: Control View

R/3 Classification System

13 Aspects of Co-Product Manufacturing

15 Engineering Change Management,

16 Summary and Conclusion

Aspects of Quality Inspection

Sales & Operation Planning

Master Prod. Scheduling

Material Rqmts Planning

Capacity Rqmts Planning

Lines with variable usages

Variable production parameters

Batch and production records

Production management level

Production planning - process industries

Process control level

PP-PI comprises the following functional areas :

A production process is triggered by production requirements. Production requirements are created in

The PP-PI component covers the requirements of

production planning and production control in

process manufacturing enterprise.

production of a material in one production run.

exchange between PP-PI and the process control

Data Used in Exercises

At the conclusion of these exercises, you will be able to:

Logging on to the system

Creating a role (user role)

Logging on to the System