Implementing Multicast Service Reflection
Implementing Multicast Service Reflection
Implementing Multicast Service Reflection
The Multicast Service Reflection feature provides the capability for users to translate externally received
multicast destination addresses to addresses that conform to their organization’s internal addressing
policy. Using this feature, users do not need to redistribute routes at the translation boundary into their
network infrastructure for Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) to work properly, and users can receive
identical feeds from two ingress points in the network and route them independently.
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Contents
• Prerequisites for Implementing Multicast Service Reflection, page 2
• Restrictions for Implementing Multicast Service Reflection, page 2
• Information About Implementing Multicast Service Reflection, page 2
• How to Implement Multicast Service Reflection, page 5
• Configuration Examples for Multicast Service Reflection, page 7
• Additional References, page 10
• Feature Information for Multicast Service Reflection, page 14
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Rendezvous Points
A rendezvous point (RP) is a role that a router performs when operating in PIM-SM or bidirectional PIM.
An RP is required only in networks running PIM-SM or bidirectional PIM. In PIM-SM, only network
segments with active receivers that have explicitly requested multicast data will be forwarded the traffic.
An RP acts as the meeting place for sources and receivers of multicast data. In a PIM-SM network,
sources must send their traffic to the RP. This traffic is then forwarded to receivers down a shared
distribution tree. By default, when the first hop router of the receiver learns about the source, it will send
a Join message directly to the source, creating a source-based distribution tree from the source to the
receiver. This source tree does not include the RP unless the RP is located within the shortest path
between the source and receiver.
In most cases, the placement of the RP in the network is not a complex decision. By default, the RP is
needed only to start new sessions with sources and receivers. Consequently, the RP experiences little
overhead from traffic flow or processing. In PIM version 2, the RP performs less processing than in PIM
version 1 because sources must register only periodically with the RP to create state.
First-hop designated routers with directly connected sources register with the RP and then data is
forwarded down the shared tree to the receivers. The edge routers learn about a particular source when
they receive data packets on the shared tree from that source through the RP. The edge router then sends
PIM (S, G) Join messages toward that source. Each router along the reverse path compares the unicast
routing metric of the RP address to the metric of the source address. If the metric for the source address
is better, it will forward a PIM (S, G) Join message toward the source. If the metric for the RP is the same
or better, then the PIM (S, G) Join message will be sent in the same direction as the RP. In this case, the
shared tree and the source tree would be considered congruent.
If the shared tree is not an optimal path between the source and the receiver, the routers dynamically
create a source tree and stop traffic from flowing down the shared tree. This behavior is the default
behavior in Cisco IOS software. Network administrators can force traffic to stay on the shared tree by
using the Cisco IOS ip pim spt-threshold infinity command.
PIM-SM scales well to a network of any size, including those with WAN links. The explicit join
mechanism prevents unwanted traffic from flooding the WAN links.
Vif1 Interface
The Vif1 interface is similar to a loopback interface—it is a logical IP interface that is always up when
the router is active.
The Vif1 interface needs to reside on its own unique subnet, and that subnet should be included in the
routing protocol updates (RIP, OSPF, and so on).
The Vif1 interface maintains information about the input interface, private-to-public mgroup mappings,
mask length, which defines your pool range, and the source of the translated packet.
SUMMARY STEPS
1. enable
2. configure terminal
3. ip multicast-routing [distributed]
4. interface type number
5. ip pim sparse-mode
6. no shutdown
7. exit
8. Repeat Steps 4 through 7 for each PIM interface.
9. interface type number
10. ip address ip-address mask [secondary]
11. ip pim sparse-mode
12. ip service reflect input-interface destination destination-address to new-destination-address
mask-len number source new-source-address
13. ip igmp static-group {* | group-address [source {source-address | ssm-map}]}
14. end
DETAILED STEPS
Example:
Router# configure terminal
Step 3 ip multicast-routing [distributed] Enables IP multicast routing.
• Use the distributed keyword to enable the Multicast
Example:
Distributed Switching feature.
Router(config)# ip multicast-routing
Step 4 interface type number Enters interface configuration mode for the specified
interface type and number.
Example:
Router(config)# interface ethernet 0
Step 5 ip pim sparse-mode Enables PIM sparse mode on the interface.
Example:
Router(config-if)# ip pim sparse-mode
Step 6 no shutdown Enables an interface.
Example:
Router(config-if)# no shutdown
Step 7 exit Exits interface configuration mode, and returns to global
configuration mode.
Example:
Router(config-if)# exit
Step 8 Repeat Steps 4 through 7 for each PIM interface. —
Step 9 interface type number Enters interface configuration mode for the specified
interface type and number.
Example: • The Vif1 interface is the virtual interface for multicast
Router(config)# interface Vif1 service reflection.
Step 10 ip address ip-address mask [secondary] Sets a primary or secondary IP address for an interface.
Example:
Router(config-if)# ip address 10.1.1.1
255.255.255.0
Step 11 ip pim sparse-mode Enables PIM sparse mode on an interface.
Example:
Router(config-if)# ip pim sparse-mode
170638
ip pim rp-address 192.168.2.2 mcast-service-provider-
groups override
ip access-list standard mcast-service-provider-groups
permit 239.2.2.0 0.0.0.255
In this example topology, a content provider is sending financial market information to a service
provider, which in turn is sending that information to active receivers (brokerage houses). The service
provider may be receiving market data from multiple content providers.
Router R1 is an edge router in the service provider’s PIM domain. R1 has a Vif1 interface and is running
the multicast service reflection application.
Router R2 has a loopback interface and is acting as the RP for the 239.2.2.0 address range.
Additional References
The following sections provide references related to the Multicast Service Reflection feature.
Related Documents
Related Topic Document Title
Multicast commands: complete command syntax, Cisco IOS IP Multicast Command Reference, Release 12.4
command mode, command history, defaults, usage
guidelines, and examples
Multicast configuration tasks Cisco IOS IP Multicast Configuration Guide, Release 12.4.
Standards
Standards Title
No new or modified standards are supported by this —
feature, and support for existing standards has not been
modified by this feature.
MIBs
MIBs MIBs Link
No new or modified MIBs are supported by this To locate and download MIBs for selected platforms, Cisco IOS
feature. releases, and feature sets, use Cisco MIB Locator found at the
following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/go/mibs
RFCs
RFCs Title
No new or modified RFCs are supported by this —
feature, and support for existing RFCs has not been
modified by this feature.
Technical Assistance
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Glossary
distribution tree—Multicast traffic flows from the source to the multicast group over a distribution tree
that connects all of the sources to all of the receivers in the group. This tree may be shared by all sources
(a shared tree), or a separate distribution tree can be built for each source (a source tree). The shared tree
may be one-way or bidirectional.
multicast—A routing technique that allows IP traffic to be sent from one source or multiple sources and
delivered to multiple destinations. Instead of sending individual packets to each destination, a single
packet is sent to a group of destinations known as a multicast group, which is identified by a single IP
destination group address. Multicast addressing supports the transmission of a single IP datagram to
multiple hosts.
Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM)—A multicast routing architecture defined by the IETF that
enables IP multicast routing on existing IP networks. Its key point is its independence from any
underlying unicast protocol such as OSPF or BGP.
rendezvous point (RP)—The multicast router that is the root of the PIM-SM shared multicast
distribution tree.
source tree—A multicast distribution path that directly connects the source’s and receivers’ designated
router (or the rendezvous point) to obtain the shortest path through the network. This results in most
efficient routing of data between source and receivers, but may result in unnecessary data duplication
throughout the network if built by anything other than the RP.
unicast—Point-to-point transmission requiring the source to send an individual copy of a message to
each requester.
Note Refer to Internetworking Terms and Acronyms for terms not included in this glossary.
Command Reference
This section documents the following new command only.
• ip service reflect
ip service reflect
To match and rewrite multicast packets routed onto a Vif1 interface, use the ip service reflect command
in interface configuration mode. To disable this feature, use the no form of this command.
Usage Guidelines Use the ip service reflect command to match and rewrite multicast packets routed onto a rendezvous
point (RP) Vif1 interface.
The matched and rewritten packet is sent back into Cisco multicast packet routing, where it is handled
like any other packet arriving from an interface.
More than one multicast service reflection operation can be configured to match the same packet,
allowing you to replicate the same received traffic to multiple destination addresses.
Examples This example would translate any multicast packet with a destination address of 239.1.1.0/24 to a
destination of 239.2.2.0/24 with a new source address of 10.1.1.2. For example, a packet with a source
and destination of 10.10.10.10, 239.1.1.15 would be translated to 10.1.1.2, 239.2.2.15.
Router(config-if)# ip service reflect Ethernet 0/0 destination 239.1.1.0 to 239.2.2.0
mask-len 24 source 10.1.1.2
Note Table 1 lists only the Cisco IOS software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given
Cisco IOS software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that Cisco IOS
software release train also support that feature.
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