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    2G Radio Capacity

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    Dithchai Tangtrongjittaworn
    The document discusses the logical channels in 2G GSM networks. It describes the different downlink and uplink control and traffic channels such as BCCH, CCCH, DCCH, SDCCH, TCH, AGCH, PCH, and RACH. It also explains the channel configurations like SDCCH/8 and their frame structures. Finally, it provides steps for capacity dimensioning of TCH, SDCCH, PDCH, and PCH resources based on traffic measurements and blocking thresholds.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    2G Radio Capacity

    Uploaded by

    Dithchai Tangtrongjittaworn
    236 views29 pages
    The document discusses the logical channels in 2G GSM networks. It describes the different downlink and uplink control and traffic channels such as BCCH, CCCH, DCCH, SDCCH, TCH, AGCH, PCH, and RACH. It also explains the channel configurations like SDCCH/8 and their frame structures. Finally, it provides steps for capacity dimensioning of TCH, SDCCH, PDCH, and PCH resources based on traffic measurements and blocking thresholds.

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    2G Radio Capacity

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    The document discusses the logical channels in 2G GSM networks. It describes the different downlink and uplink control and traffic channels such as BCCH, CCCH, DCCH, SDCCH, TCH, AGCH, PCH, and RACH. It also explains the channel configurations like SDCCH/8 and their frame structures. Finally, it provides steps for capacity dimensioning of TCH, SDCCH, PDCH, and PCH resources based on traffic measurements and blocking thresholds.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    236 views29 pages

    2G Radio Capacity

    Uploaded by

    Dithchai Tangtrongjittaworn
    The document discusses the logical channels in 2G GSM networks. It describes the different downlink and uplink control and traffic channels such as BCCH, CCCH, DCCH, SDCCH, TCH, AGCH, PCH, and RACH. It also explains the channel configurations like SDCCH/8 and their frame structures. Finally, it provides steps for capacity dimensioning of TCH, SDCCH, PDCH, and PCH resources based on traffic measurements and blocking thresholds.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 29
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The document describes different logical channels used in 2G cellular networks such as GSM including common control channels (CCCH), dedicated control channels (DCCH), traffic channels (TCH), broadcast channels (BCH), paging channels (PCH), random access channels (RACH), access granted channels (AGCH), and stand-alone dedicated control channels (SDCCH).

    The different types of logical channels described include the frequency correction channel (FCCH), synchronization channel (SCH), broadcast control channel (BCCH), paging channel (PCH), random access channel (RACH), access granted channel (AGCH), dedicated control channel (DCCH), stand-alone dedicated control channel (SDCCH), and cell broadcast channel (CBCH).

    The BCCH broadcasts general cell information. The PCH transmits paging messages. The RACH is used to request signaling channels. The AGCH assigns signaling channels. The DCCH/SDCCH is used for call setup signaling and SMS messages. The CBCH transmits cell broadcast messages.

    Jakarta, February 2014

    2G Logical Channel
    Logical Channel

    Traffic Channel

    Control Channel

    FR/HR

    BCH

    FCCH

    SCH

    CCCH

    BCCH

    PCH

    AGCH

    DCCH

    RACH

    CBCH

    SDCCH

    SACCH

    FACCH

    EFR

    AMR

    Broadcast Channel (BCH)


    Frequency Correction Channel (FCCH)
    Direction : downlink, point to multi point
    BTS : transmit a carrier frequency
    MS : identifies BCCH carrier by the carrier frequency and synchronizes
    with the frequency

    Synchronization Channel (SCH)


    Direction : downlink, point to multi point
    BTS : transmit information about the TDMA frame structure in a cell (e.g.
    frame number) and the BTS identity (BSIC)
    MS : synchronizes with the frame structure within a particular cell, and
    ensures that the chosen BTS is a GSM BTS BSIC can only be decoded by an
    MS if the BTS belongs to a GSM network

    Broadcast Channel (BCH)


    Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH)
    Direction : downlink, point to multi point
    BTS : broadcast some general cell information such as LAI, maximum
    output power allowed in the cell and the identity of BCCH carriers for
    neighboring cell
    MS : receives LAI and will signal to the network as part of the Location
    Updating procedure if the LAI is different to the one already stored on its
    SIM. MS sets its output power level based on the information received on
    the BCCH. The MS stores the list of BCCH carrier frequencies on which Rx
    Level measurement is done for handover decision.

    Common Control Channel (CCCH)


    Paging Channel (PCH)
    Direction : downlink, point to multi point
    BTS : transmit a paging message to indicate an incoming call or short
    message. The paging message contain the identity number of the mobile
    subscriber that the network wishes to contact
    MS : at certain time interval the MS listen to the PCH. If it identifies its
    own mobile subscriber identity number on the PCH, it will respond.

    Random Access Channel (RACH)


    Direction : uplink, point to point
    BTS : receives access request from MS for call setup / location update /
    SMS
    MS : answers paging message on the RACH by requesting a signaling
    channel

    Common Control Channel (CCCH)


    Access Granted Channel (AGCH)
    Direction : downlink, point to point
    BTS : assigns a signaling channel (SDCCH) to the MS
    MS : receives signaling channel assignment (SDCCH)

    Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH)


    Stand Alone Dedicated Control Channel (SDCCH)
    Direction : uplink and downlink, point to point
    BTS : the BTS switches to the assigned SDCCH, used for call setup
    signaling. SDCCH is also used for SMS messages to MS
    MS : the MS switches to the assigned SDCCH, call setup is
    performed. The MS receives a TCH assignment information (carrier
    and time slot)

    Cell Broadcast Channel (CBCH)


    Direction : downlink, point to multi point
    BTS : uses this logical channel to transmit short message service cell
    broadcast
    MS : receives cell broadcast message

    Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH)


    Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH)
    Direction : uplink and downlink, point to point
    BTS : instruct the MS on the allowed transmitter power and
    parameters for time advance. SACCH is used for SMS during a call
    MS : sends averaged measurements on its own BTS (signal strength
    and quality) and neighboring BTSs (signal strength). The MS
    continues to use SACCH for this purpose during a call

    Fast Associated Control Channel (FACCH)


    Direction : uplink and downlink, point to point
    BTS : transmits handover information
    MS : transmits necessary handover information in access burst

    TDMA Multi Frame


    There are two types of TDMA multi-frame :
    26 TDMA frame multi-frame (120 ms) used to carry
    TCH, SACCH, and FACCH (A.K.A. TCH multi-frame)
    52 TDMA frame multi-frame (235 ms) used to carry
    BCCH, CCCH, SDCCH, and SACCH (A.K.A. CCH multiframe)

    TRX Configuration

    TRX0

    fo

    BCH+CCCH

    SDCCH

    TS0

    TS1

    TCH

    TS2

    TS3

    TS4

    TS5

    TS6

    TS7

    TS4

    TS5

    TS6

    TS7

    TS4

    TS5

    TS6

    TS7

    TCH

    TRX1

    f1

    TS0

    TS1

    TS2

    TS3
    TCH

    TRX2

    f2

    TS0

    TS1

    TS2

    TS3

    B B B B C

    CCCH

    BCCH

    TS0

    FCCH
    SCH

    Channel Combination SDCCH/8

    C
    0

    S C

    C
    3

    C
    3

    C
    3

    C
    3

    C
    0

    C
    4

    0
    8

    C
    4

    S C

    C
    1

    C
    1

    C
    1

    C
    1

    C
    2

    C
    2

    C
    2

    9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

    C
    4

    S C

    C
    5

    C
    5

    C
    5

    C
    5

    C
    6

    C
    6

    C
    6

    20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39

    Idle
    F

    S C

    C
    7

    C
    7

    C
    7

    C
    7

    C
    8

    C
    8

    C
    8

    40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51

    Channel Combination SDCCH/8


    SDCCH
    TS1

    D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
    0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4
    0

    9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

    SACCH
    D D D D D D D D D D D D A A A A A A A A
    5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
    20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39

    Idle
    A A A A A A A A I
    2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3

    40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51

    FCCH
    SCH

    Channel Combination SDCCH/4

    TS0

    BCCH

    CCCH

    B B B B C

    C
    0

    C
    0

    C
    0

    S C

    C
    1

    C
    1

    C
    1

    C
    1

    C
    2

    C
    2

    C
    2

    9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

    SDCCH
    F

    S D D D D D D D D F
    0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

    S D D D D D D D D
    2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3

    20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39

    SACCH
    F

    Idle

    S A A A A A A A A I
    0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

    40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51

    T A

    9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

    T0

    T0

    T0

    T0

    T0

    T0

    T0

    T0

    T0

    T0

    T0

    T0

    A
    T1
    0

    T0 :
    T1 :

    T1
    2

    T1
    4

    Subscriber 0
    Subscriber 1

    T1
    6

    T1
    8

    T1

    Idle

    TCH H

    SACCH

    Idle

    TCH F

    SACCH

    TCH F & TCH H

    I
    T1

    T1

    T1

    T1

    T1

    T1

    9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

    Capacity Dimensioning TCH


    Step by step proses (1)
    Jumlah kanal
    Full Rate

    Jumlah kanal
    Half Rate

    Jumlah kanal
    GPRS Dedicated

    Erlang Offered
    (TCH)

    Erlang Offered (TCH)=npErlbTraf(2%,Full Rate+(Half Rate*2)-Dedicated GPRS Channel)

    TCH Traffic
    Busy Hour

    Erlang Offered
    (TCH)

    TCH Utilization

    Capacity Dimensioning TCH


    Step by step proses (2)
    Kebutuhan kanal TCH
    dengan utilisasi 80%
    dari Busy Hour Traffic

    TCH Traffic
    Busy Hour

    Kebutuhan kanal TCH =npErlbChs(TCH Traffic Busy Hour+(20%*TCH Traffic Busy Hour),2%)

    Kebutuhan kanal TCH


    dengan utilisasi 80%
    dari Busy Hour Traffic

    Jumlah kanal
    Full Rate

    Jumlah kanal
    Half Rate

    Jumlah kanal
    GPRS Dedicated

    Add/Reduce TCH

    Capacity Dimensioning SDCCH


    Step by step proses (1)

    Jumlah kanal
    SDCCH

    Erlang Offered
    (SDCCH)

    Erlang Offered (SDCCH)=npErlbTraf(2%,(Jumlah kanal SDCCH*8))

    SDCCH Traffic
    Busy Hour

    Max SDCCH
    Traffic

    VS

    Average SDCCH
    Traffic

    Erlang Offered
    (SDCCH)

    Max SDCCH
    Traffic

    SDCCH
    Utilization

    Capacity Dimensioning SDCCH


    Step by step proses (2)
    Kebutuhan kanal SDCCH
    dengan utilisasi 80%
    dari Busy Hour Traffic

    Max SDCCH
    Traffic

    Kebutuhan kanal SDCCH =ROUNDUP(npErlbChs(Max SD+(20%*Max SD),2%)/8,0)

    Kebutuhan kanal SDCCH


    dengan utilisasi 80%
    dari Busy Hour Traffic

    Jumlah
    SDCCH

    Add/Reduce SDCCH

    Capacity Dimensioning PDCH


    We knew that data throughput of a single allocated
    timeslot is 22.8 Kbps
    Payload per hour is 22.8 * 3600 = 82080 Kbit = 80.156
    Mbit = 10.02 MB
    82080 Kbit 1 Erlang

    Capacity Dimensioning PDCH


    Jumlah kanal
    GPRS Dedicated

    Jumlah kanal
    GPRS Dynamic

    Erlang Offered
    (PDCH)

    Erlang Offered (PDCH)=npErlbTraf(2%,Dedicated GPRS Channel+Dynamic GPRS Channel)

    PDCH Traffic
    Busy Hour

    Erlang Offered
    (PDCH)

    Decision to add or reduce PDCH usually is not triggered by PDCH


    utilization but :
    - 2G data accessibility
    - Multi slot blocking
    - 2G data Throughput
    - TCH or SDCCH utilization

    PDCH
    Utilization

    Capacity Dimensioning PCH (SDCCH/4)

    SDCCH/4 has 3 block CCCH


    1 block is usually used for AGCH
    2 block can be used for paging (PCH)
    Each paging block can fit 4 TMSI or 2 IMSI
    Assuming no second paging (IMSI), total paging is 8 (4*2) in
    every 51 frame multi-frame
    51 frame multi-frame = 235 ms
    Paging capacity in one hour = 3600 s / 0.235 s * 8 = 122.553
    paging per hour
    Assuming maximum allowed paging load is 80% of the
    theoretical paging capacity to give room for all originated BTS
    to do retransmissions, max paging allowed = 80% * 122.553 =
    98.042 paging per hour

    Capacity Dimensioning PCH (SDCCH/8)


    SDCCH/4 has 9 block CCCH
    Assuming 2 block used for AGCH 7 block can be used
    for paging (PCH)
    Each paging block can fit 4 TMSI or 2 IMSI
    Assuming no second paging (IMSI), total paging is 28
    (4*7) in every 51 frame multi-frame
    51 frame multi-frame = 235 ms
    Paging capacity in one hour = 3600 s / 0.235 s * 28 =
    428.936 paging per hour

    Multiple / Extended CCCH


    Multiple / extended CCCH make it possible to configure
    additional CCCH per cell. This provided increased CCCH
    capacity in cell where this is required.
    Multiple / extended CCCH provides some benefit
    Significantly increases paging capacity per cell
    handle more connection setup, such speech calls, SMS and PS transfer

    Beneficial in cells with :


    High PS traffic load
    Cells at LA border

    BSC Load
    The most important parameter to be monitored in BSC
    in processor load :

    Processor load for control plane (signaling)


    Processor load for user plane (user traffic)
    Processor load for PS service
    Processor load for interface

    Processor load threshold may vary for different vendor

    Quiz
    1.

    Sebuah cell mengalami SDCCH Blocking. Saat ini cell


    tersebut dialokasikan satu kanal SDCCH. Pada saat
    busy hour traffic SDCCH yang harus dilewatkan
    sebesar 14.5 erlang. Dengan menggunakan GOS 2%
    berapa jumlah kanal SDCCH harus ditambah ?

    2.

    Sebuah cell mengalami TCH Blocking. Saat ini


    terdapat 14 kanal TCH pada cell tersebut. Pada saat
    busy hour traffic TCH yang harus dilewatkan sebesar
    18 erlang. Dengan menggunakan GOS 2% berapa
    jumlah TRX yang harus ditambah pada cell tersebut ?

    HALF RATE TRAFFIC


    TCH DEFINE FULL RATE

    .01
    .25
    .02
    6.55
    .88
    1.57
    9.46
    3.99
    4.84
    4.19
    3.29
    .00
    1.12
    .00
    .00
    .00
    22.00
    21.00
    21.00
    29.00
    29.00
    29.00
    37.00
    37.00

    SDCCH DEFINE

    2.89
    2.69
    2.11
    1.71
    3.39
    2.24
    .65
    .56
    32.00
    40.00
    40.00
    15.00
    16.00
    15.00
    15.00
    15.00

    %UTILIZATION SDCCH

    OFFERED LOAD SDCCH GoS 1%

    SDCCH TRAFFIC

    %HR PENETRATION

    %UTILIZATION DUAL RATE TCH 70% FR 30% HR GoS 2%

    %UTILIZATION FULL RATE TCH GoS 2%

    DUAL RATE OFFERED LOAD TCH 70% FR 30% HR GoS 2%

    FULL RATE OFFERED LOAD TCH GoS 2%

    %UTILIZATION DUAL RATE TCH 70% FR 30% HR GoS 5%

    %UTILIZATION FULL RATE TCH_GoS 5%

    DUAL RATE OFFERED LOAD TCH 70% FR 30% HR GoS 5%

    FULL RATE OFFERED LOAD TCH GoS 5%

    FULL RATE TRAFFIC

    59973
    59972
    59971
    58563
    58562
    58561
    57106
    57105

    TCH TRAFFIC

    CI

    Quiz

    Quiz
    1.

    What condition that is required LAC splitting and


    what condition that is required to activate multiple /
    extended CCCH ?

    2.

    In SDCCH/8 configuration, how many paging capacity


    per hour if the AG block = 2 and 25 % of paging
    attempt is second paging ?

    28

    Short Quiz 8 (Capacity Dimensioning)


    Dengan menggunakan add in NPFun32. Isilah tabel dibawah ini.

    0 13 16

    22356

    0 13 16

    24084

    2 10

    24085

    24086

    24091
    24092

    14.905

    2.035 1.435

    5.575

    0.425 0.415

    3 16

    9.695

    0.95 0.555

    2 11 16

    16.465

    1.84 1.345

    0 12 16

    19.88

    3.16 2.515

    2 13

    0 16

    2 13

    0 16

    SD Util

    SD Traffic Ave

    SDCCH

    0.87

    TCH

    1.04

    Total Channel

    SD Traffic BH

    # dedicated GPRS TS

    22355

    Add/Reduce SDCCH

    8.01

    Total # of SD Now

    0 13 16

    SD Util 80% - Need # of SD

    Add/Reduce TCH

    Utilization Capacity Dimensioning

    Total # of TCH Now

    SumOf# of SDCCH

    TRAFFIC

    TCH Util 80% - Need # of TCH

    SumOf#ofTRX HR

    22354

    TCH Traffic BH

    SumOf#ofTRX

    TRAFFIC Utilization

    Max SD Traffic

    Erlang
    Offer

    cellId

    SumOf# of DR Chn

    Channel Data

    TCH Utilization

    TRX
    Data

    SumOf# of FR Chn

    1.

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