Sap MM Nterview Questions
Sap MM Nterview Questions
Sap MM Nterview Questions
1. Introduction to SAP MM
1.
Financial applications
Logistics
4.
The mySAP ERP application provides business solutions for almost every
industry, including automotive, chemical, and media. Various industry-specific
solutions available in mySAP include the following:
mySAP Automotive
mySAP Banking
mySAP Chemicals
mySAP Healthcare
mySAP Insurance
mySAP Media
mySAP Mining
mySAP Pharmaceuticals
mySAP Retail
mySAP Telecommunications
mySAP Utilities
5.
SAP R/3 integrates various business areas, such as sales, purchase, and
procurement, by using different functional modules, such as Materials
Management (MM), Sales and Distribution (SD), Financial (FI), Controlling (CO),
and Human Resource (HR).
Different versions of SAP R/3 include 3.1i, 4.0b, 4.5b, 4.6b, and 4.6c; the
latest version is 4.70.
6.
Since its inception, SAP has continued to support changing business processes
and to adapt itself to the needs of organizations. In order to support the most
current business strategies, SAP has evolved over time and progressed through
the following versions:
SAP R/1This was the first version of SAP and was developed for financial
accounting systems. This version is no longer available.
SAP R/2This was the second version of SAP. It replaced the R/1 version
in the 1970s and was a mainframe-based business application. SAP R/2
supported multiple currencies and languages to help internationalize business
management. This version is also no longer available.
SAP R/3 This version replaced SAP R/2, adding support for client-serverbased distributed systems. This new version of SAP is multi-plat formed, meaning
it can be installed and used on multiple platforms, such as Windows or UNIX.
7.
Industry-specific solutions are used in the SAP R/3 ERP application in order
to automate various business processes for almost every industry, including
automotive, oil and gas, and chemical. By automating business processes, the
SAP R/3 application helps organizations meet the following challenges:
o Labor issues Solving the problems that arise for business operations
requiring efficient skilled labor
o
After the installation of SAP R/3 in an organization, the following changes will
occur:
9.
To integrate various business processes, SAP R/3 comes with various modules,
such as MM, SD, and CO. These modules are further grouped into various
business-functional areas. The functional areas and the SAP R/3 modules in those
functional areas are as follows:
FIFinancial Accounting
COControlling
ECEnterprise Controlling
IMInvestment Management
TRTreasury
Personnel Management
Time Management
Payroll
Organizational Management
MMMaterials Management
PPProduction Planning
PMPlant Maintenance
LOLogistics
QMQuality Management
PSProject System
WMWarehouse Management
10.
The core functionalities of the SAP system are Sales and Distribution (SD),
Materials Management (MM), Financial Accounting (FI), and Production Planning
(PP). In the first phase, companies implement the SAP software with these core
functionalities. Later, in the second and third phases, they may also introduce
other functionalities, such as Controlling (CO), Warehouse Management (WM),
and Human Resource (HR). However, the types of modules and the phasing of
implementation depends solely on the type of industry in which the client works,
as well as the organization's readiness and the urgency with which the
integrated enterprise system, such as SAP, must be adopted.
11.
How can you define an MM module? What is its importance in SAP R/3?
1.
Storage type An area such as a goods receipt area, goods issue area, or
picking area. Also the physical or logical division of a complex warehouse.
The client is the highest level unit of the organizational units in Enterprise
Structure in SAP R/3. The client is followed by the company code, which
represents a unit with its own accounting, balance, and profit and loss (P&L). The
next level of organizational units in Enterprise Structure is the plant, which
represents an operational unit of a company.
3.
A client can be defined as a person, company, or organization that
purchases goods from another person, company, or organization. In terms of
SAP, a client is defined as a unit that has its own master records and a set of
tables. The client is important in SAP because it stores and maintains data about
the organization where SAP is implemented.
4.
You can create a client in the MM module either by using the transaction code
SCC4 or by performing the following steps:
Select SAP Menu > Tools > Administration > Administration > Client
Administration.
Click Continue. The change view Clients: Overview screen appears, where
you can create a new client.
5.
Define company. How is it different from a client? What are the data in MM
that are maintained at the company code level?
Material number
Classification data
Multilingual description
Units of measure
o
6.
Technical data
How to create a company code in SAP?
o Select Enterprise Structure > Definition > Financial Accounting > Edit, Copy,
Delete, Check Company Code. The Choose Activity dialog box appears.
o Double-click Edit Company Code Data. The change view Company Code:
Overview screen appears where you can create a company code.
7.
o Select Enterprise Structure > Definition > Financial Accounting > Edit, Copy,
Delete, Check Company Code. The Choose Activity dialog box appears.
o Double-click Edit Company Code Data. The change view Company Code:
Overview screen appears, where you can create a company code.
8.
Yes. One chart of accounts can be assigned to several Company Codes. However,
the reverse is not possible; i.e., you will not be able assign more than one chart
of accounts to a single Company Code.
9.
11.
Corporate headquarters
Manufacturing facility
12.
Select IMG > Enterprise Structure > Definition > LogisticGeneral >
define, Copy, Delete, Check Plant.
Select Define Plant to create a plant. The change view Plants: Overview
screen appears.
Click New Entries. The New Entries: Details of Added Entries screen
appears.
Specify the required values in the fields, such as Title, Name, and Search
Term 1/2.
Click OK. The New Entries: Details of Added Entries screen appears again.
13.
There are three prerequisites that are required in order to create a plant. They
are as follows:
14.
16.
You can assign a company code to a plant by navigating the following menu
path: SAP Menu > Tools > Customizing > IMG > Execute Project > Display IMG
(SAP reference IMG) > Enterprise Structure > Assignment > Logistics-General >
Assign Company Code to Plant.
17.
Select Tools > Customizing > SAP Reference IMG > Edit Project.
o Select Enterprise Structure > Definition > Materials Management > Maintain
Storage.
o
Click the clock icon . The Determine Work Area: Entry dialog box appears.
Specify the value (P001) for the plant in the dialog box.
o Click the check mark icon . The change view Storage Locations: Overview
screen appears.
o
Click New Entries. The New Entries: Details of Added Entries screen appears.
18.
Select Tools > Customizing > SAP Reference IMG > Edit Project.
Click the clock icon . The Determine Work Area: Entry dialog box appears.
Specify the value (P001) for the plant in the dialog box.
Click the check mark icon. The change view Storage Locations: Overview
screen appears.
Click New Entries. The New Entries: Details of Added Entries screen
appears.
19.
o Select Enterprise Structure > Definition > Materials Management > Maintain
Storage Location. The view cluster Maintenance: Initial Screen window appears
with the Determine Work Area: Entry dialog box opened.
In the Determine Work Area: Entry dialog box, enter a plant number and
click Continue. The change viewStorage Locations: Overview screen appears
where you can assign a storage location to the plant.
20. Can storage locations be created automatically? How can they be created
automatically?
1.
The master data in the MM module acts as reference data, defining various
business entities and playing a key role in the core operation of the business.
2.
The master data in the MM module contains all of the basic information needed
to manage material. The data is stored and sorted on the basis of different
criteria, such as the descriptive nature of the material (size, dimension, and
weight) and the control functions of the material (material type and industry
sector). Apart from data maintained by the user, the master data also stores
data that is automatically updated by the system (such as stock levels).
3.
Material master
Vendor master
Source list
Quota arrangement
4.
A material master file stores and maintains all of the information related to
managing a material. The material master is sorted on the basis of different
criteria.
5.
Material master records are used in the SAP R/3 system to manage materialspecific data. The material information stored in material master records is used
by all logistics areas in the SAP R/3 system. The material master records
integrate all material-specific data into a single database object that eliminates
the problem of data redundancy. Because material master records store data in a
single database object, the same data can be shared by all departments, such as
purchasing, inventory management, materials planning, and invoice verification.
6.
You can manually update the information in the material master records,
however, there are some exceptions for which the information can be updated by
the SAP R/3 system only, for example, administrative data.
7.
What are the types of industry sectors defined in Material Master data?
The different types of industry sectors defined in the material master data
are as follows:
Beverage
Chemical industry
Mechanical engineering
Pharmaceuticals
Plant engineering/construction
Retail
Retailing
Service providers
8.
The general data, i.e., the data applicable to the company as a whole, is stored
at the client level.
9. What are the data in material master that are maintained at the company
code level?
The data that is specific to a particular company and the plant and storage areas
assigned to that company is maintained at the company code level.
10.
The MRP data and forecast data are the plant-specific data in the material
master.
11.
The lot size attribute represents the reorder quantity for a material. A
material can have a periodic, optimum, or static (fixed) lot size.
12.
What is a batch?
A batch is a group of materials combined into one quantity for various reasons.
Very often, materials with the same characteristics and values are grouped into a
batch. For example, in the chemical industry, a specified number of containers of
a specific product may be considered a batch if they were produced at the same
time and have the same physical and chemical characteristics.
14.
A batch record is important because batch records indicate that the batch
conforms to the current Good Manufacturing Procedures (GMP). The batch record
also contains specific information about the product tested, analytical methods,
and test results.
15.
You can create a batch record manually by using the transaction code MSC1N.
The navigation path for creating a batch is: SAP Menu > Logistics > Materials
Management > Material Master > Batch > Create.
16.
Production date Refers to the date when the batch was produced.
o Self-life expiration date Refers to the date when the life of the batch will
expire.
o Available from Refers to the date from which the batch will be available to
other departments.
o Batch status Allows the batch to be classified as having restricted or
unrestricted use.
o
Next inspection Refers to the next quality inspection date of the batch.
Class Allows the user to sort the batch for use in specific classes.
Linked document Helps the user to link the documents related to the batch.
o Document type Allows the user who is purchasing the batch to specify a
document.
o
o Document part Allows the user to enter the part of the document that is
related to the batch.
o
17.
You can change a batch record by using the transaction code MSC2N. The
navigation path of changing the batch record is: SAP Menu > Logistics >
Materials Management > Material Master > Batch > Change.
It is important to note that these changes to the batch record will also be
available for review.
18.
You can delete a batch by using the MSC2N transaction code. You can alternately
delete a batch record by flagging the batch master record. For this, you need to
first select the batch in the Change mode.
19.
The Batch Information Cockpit (BIC) is the main switching point, having a wide
range of options for scrutiny and control of batches. It stores at a single location
all the information related to the analysis of a particular batch.
20.
A batch number can be configured at several different levels: client level, plant
level, and material level. You can select a batch number at any of the following
levels:
Client level When you configure a batch at the client level, you need to
assign the batch number only once throughout the whole client. Only one batch
number exists for each material assigned at this level.
Plant level In SAP, the plant level is the default level for the batch
number. At plant level, a batch number is unique for a plant and material. This
means that you can have a batch of the same number at a different plant within
the same company.
The batch number is predefined in SAP. You can change the batch numbers either
by using the OMAD transaction code or by using the navigation path IMG >
Logistics-General > Batch Management > Batch Number Assignment > Maintain
Internal Batch Number Assignment Range.
Follow either of the two configuration steps to change the batch number:
You can assign a batch number internally using the internal number
range, either by using the OMCZ transaction code or by following the navigation
path Display IMG > Logistics-General > Batch Management > Batch Number
Assignment > Activate Internal Batch Number Assignment > Activate Batch
Number Assignment.
Management > Batch Number Assignment > Activate Internal Batch Number
Assignment > Internal Batch Number Assignment for Assigned Goods Receipt.
22.
A class type is the SAP system's top-level unit, which is used to control the
SAP system's classes. It performs the following tasks:
o
You can configure a class type by using the following menu path: SAP
Customizing Implementation Guide > Cross Application Component >
Classification System > Classes > Maintain Object Types and Material Types.
24.
A material does not have a master record. How can we procure that?
There may be instances when a material does not have a master record. You can
perform different functions in different situations to procure the master record.
For example:
You can extend the material master record if the material master record
exists for a particular material but the user department does not have the
master data.
You can also extend the material master record if the material master
record exists for a particular material and the user department has the master
data but it has been entered in a different organizational level.
25.
Classification data allows you to search for materials on the basis of the
characteristic values entered into the classes. This feature is very useful when
the customer wants to search for a particular vendor and particular batches.
27.
Material master, material master general data (MARA), tax Classification material
(MLAN), info records, source list, and vendor master are examples of master data
in MM.
29. How is the vendor created?
You can create a vendor by using the transaction code XK01 and performing the
following steps:
Add the country, bank key, bank account, and the name of the account
holder.
30.
Vendor master data contains details of each vendor that supplies materials or
services to an enterprise. The vendor master data is stored in individual vendor
master records consisting of data, such as the vendor's name, the vendor's
address, the currency used for the transaction, payment terms, and the contact
person's name (on the sales staff).
31. What are the different sections in vendor master data?
o
General data Provides general information about the vendor that can be
entered into the system for creating vendor records. General data can provide
the name, address, telephone, and fax of the vendor through specified search
terms. Additional information can also be added to the vendor master record by
the accounting and purchasing departments using the transaction code XK01.
o
Accounting data Refers to financial information entered at the company
code level. The financial information includes tax information, bank details,
reconciliation account, payment terms, payment methods, and dunning
information. You can enter this financial data using the transaction code FK01.
o
Purchasing data Refers to data entered while creating a vendor at the
purchasing organization level. Different purchasing organizations have different
purchasing data. The purchasing data includes partner functions, purchasing
default fields, and invoice verification indicators. You can enter this data using
the transaction code MK01.
32. What are the different fields in vendor master data?
o
The accounting information, such as the reconciliation account in the
general ledger
33. How do we create a vendor number range?
For configuring the vendor number range, you should enter a unique
number for the range, which is a two character field, and then specify the limit
for the number range. The current number field is used to define the current
number. The Ext. field Specifies whether the number range is defined externally
by the user.
Description
o
StandardContains information for the standard purchase order. In this
type of purchasing info record, you can create info records for materials and
services that do not have master records.
o
o
Pipeline Contains information on commodities that are sent through a
pipeline, such as oil or water.
o
Consignment Contains information on materials that are in the vendor's
possession and are kept by the vendor at some other premises at his own cost.
41. What are the prerequisites for creating a purchasing info record?
o
Material number Before creating a purchasing info record, the material
number of the material master record should be known.
o
Manufacturer part number (MPN) material number Before ordering a
material that has an MPN, you must know its MPN material number.
o
Vendor number You should also know the number on the vendor master
record.
o
Organizational level If the purchasing info record is for a particular
purchasing organization or plant, then the code specific to that purchasing
organization or plant is required.
42. How can we create a purchasing information record?
Yes, you can create a purchasing info record without a material number. If
the material does not have a material number, you will need the following
information to create the purchasing info record:
o
Order unit
Material group
44. How can we create an information record based on the material master?
First, you need to create the info record by selecting SAP Menu > Master
Data > Info Record > Create. Enter details such as vendor number, material
number, purchase organization, or plant number. Then enter the number of the
information record (in case of external assignments). Next, enter the general
data for vendors, ordered quantity, origin of data, supplying information, and
customs tariff number. Then enter the planned delivery time, purchasing groups,
and standard purchasing quantity. Check the control data and take the default
value of tolerance data and the purchasing group from the material master
record. Finally, enter the net price and then select Go To > Texts to display the
text overview. If the PO text is already defined, it appears in the material master
record; otherwise, it needs to be entered. After all these entries have been made,
the record is saved.
45. What is the document management system (DMS) in SAP?
The DMS in SAP helps you store external documents, such as pictures of
the goods or material. By using the DMS, you can set the maximum size of the
picture that can be uploaded in a document. The DMS helps to link these
external documents with the appropriate SAP objects.
1.
Subcontracting
Pipeline
The differences between company-owned special stocks and
externally-owned special stocks are listed in the following table:
Company-Owned Special Stocks Externally-Owned Special Stocks
Stocks that belong to the company but are stored with the wholesaler or the
customer are called company-owned special stocks.Stocks that belong to the
wholesaler or the customer but are stored at the company are called externallyowned special stocks.
Company-owned special stocks are managed at the production level.
Externally-owned special stocks are managed at the place where they are
stored.
3.
In a normal purchasing system, the customer purchases the goods from the
wholesaler/retailer and the possession of the goods transfers from the
wholesaler/retailer to the customer. This might not be the case with special
procurement types, where the transfer of goods may not necessarily be from the
wholesaler/retailer to the customer directly. For example, you might order a good
for a friend of yours, who, in turn, purchases the good from the
wholesaler/retailer and then transfers the good to you. The friend is the third
party involved in this process. Therefore, the possession of the good indirectly
transfers to the customer. This type of procurement is called the special
procurement type. The special procurement type defines the external
procurement or in-house production of the material. The following list shows the
special procurement types available in the SAP system:
Consignment
Subcontracting
Third-party processing
Pipeline handling
You can combine the consignment stock with your available stock at any
point in time.
The price of the consignment stock fluctuates. This means that you can
determine the price of the consignment according to the market conditions.
Consignment stocks are created in the normal purchase order (PO) or requisition,
but the main thing to consider is that you must enter the K category for the
consignment item. As a result, the goods issued are posted to consignment
stores and the invoice receipt is not generated.
8.
Consignment cycle is similar to the purchase cycle, except that when you
create goods receipts of the consignment stocks, only quantity (QTY) is updated
and no accounting documents are created. Once the goods are utilized,
consignment is settled. The value of the consumed or issued consignment stocks
is taken from the active purchase info record.
9.
You can see the consignment stocks in SAP by using the following functions:
11.
You can take consignment stocks from the vendor into your own stock by
performing the following steps:
Select Goods Movement > Transfer Posting to display the initial screen.
Enter the plant name and the location where you want to store the
materials.
Select Movement Type > Transfer Posting > Consignment > Consignment
to Own.
Enter the name of the vendor, the materials, and the quantity of
materials.
Enter the receiving storage location if you want to store the materials in
another storage location.
Post the document. This makes the vendor liable to change the storage
location of the materials.
12.
Yes, you can do the physical inventory check of consignment stocks. To do the
physical inventory check, perform the following operations:
13.
You can invoice in the case of consignment stocks by performing either of the
following:
Invoice with PO
Invoice without PO
14.
You order the end product by using the subcontract order. The
components that the vendor needs to manufacture the end product are
mentioned in the PO.
The vendor then processes the service and delivers the materials ordered.
The consumption of the components is posted.
If, after posting the goods receipt, the vendor notifies you that the
quantity of the components actually consumed is different than planned in the
PO, you must make an adjustment.
The vendor then charges for the service, for which the invoice is posted in
Invoice verification.
16.
source for the assembly of a component, the subcontracting info record would
contain the price specified by the vendor for the assembly work.
17. How do we create subcontracting PO?
o Enter the material to order and the category of the item for subcontracting
(L) in the order item.
o
Press the Enter key to display the screen for component processing.
18.
The stocks of material provided to a vendor can be viewed by using the SC Stock
Monitoring for Vendor report. The report can be accessed by selecting Purchase
Order > Reporting > SC Stocks per Vendor from the menu. With this report, the
current status of the stocks, planned issues, and planned receipts can be viewed.
19.
1.
Inventory management in the SAP system helps record and track stocks of
materials. It also involves the planning and documentation of all goods
movements..
2.
3.
Transactions that make changes in the stock result in stock updates that
are recorded in real time. At any point in time one can view the stock overview,
which represents the current situation at that time. That is the essence of stock
management by quantity, and can applied to the following stock types:
o
The valuation area is the organizational level at which the stock value is
maintained. It can be either at plant level or storage level.
6.
Consignment
Subcontracting
Third-party processing
Pipeline handling
Sales-order stock
Project stock
7.
10. What is Goods movement? What type of documents is created after goods
movement?
Goods movement refers to the movement of stock. This movement of stock
could be either inbound from the vendor, outbound to a customer, between
different plants, or even between different stocks within a plant. After goods
movement, the SAP system creates two types of documents: material documents
and accounting documents.
11.
Batch splitting
12.
Goods receipt is the process that enables the receipt of material from a
vendor or from the in-house production process. There are other types of goods
receipts in SAP that include initial stock creation. The goods receipt process also
increases stock due to one of the following processes:
o
Others
Shipment to a customer
Return of materials
o Scrapping of materials
13.
15.
If the purchase order number is not known, you must enter search criteria for the
purchase order in the initial screen. As a result, the list of purchase orders is
displayed. The desired purchase order items can then be copied.
16.
You first need to observe the Return column and then select Item Detail >
MIGO_GR > Goods Receipt for Purchase Order. If the intention is to deduct the
stock, then movement type 161 is used; otherwise, 162 is used to undo the
changes. Lastly, you must ensure that the document is a return purchase order.
The document is then saved.
17.
Alternatively, you can use the M21N transaction code for this purpose.
What happens when a goods receipt is posted?
18.
The following events are initiated when goods movements take place:
3.
4.
How do you create movement types? What are the steps involved? When
will you recommend a new movement type?
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
Can it be configured in such a way that the external requisitions can also
be taken into account while MRP runs in consumption-based planning if VB is
selected as MRP type?
25.
26.
Explain the concept of split valuation and when can it be used? What are
the settings required?
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
What are the differences between release procedure with classification
and release procedure without classification? When are they used?
33.
34.
35.
36.
What is the movement type for return to vendor? How to reverse it?
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
How do you plan for a vendor rating system and move about?
42.
What is RTP?
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
What are the documents generated in the MIGO 101 movement type?
What are the accounts hit?
49.
50.
What are the business benefits achieved by maintaining Source list and
info record ?
51.
Answers
1.
A stock transfer from plant to plant generally takes place within a
company code. It can, however, also take place between two company codes, if
the plants are assigned to different valuation areas, which belong to different
company codes.
Unlike a stock transfer from storage location to storage location, a stock transfer
from plant to plant affects both accounting and Materials Planning, as follows:
o
Accounting:Accounting is affected if both plants are assigned to different
valuation areas. This means that a stock transfer leads not only to a quantity
update but also to a value update (stock value, G/L accounts). Thus, parallel to
the material document for stock transfer, an accounting document is created.
o
Materials Planning:Materials planning are affected because a change of
plant stock is taken into account by Materials Planning
2.
o
RFQ/Quotation
Purchase requisition
Purchase order
Outline agreements
3.
Material type is assigned to A/c Cat Ref.; A/c Cat. Ref is assigned to Val.
Class; Val. class assigned to G/L A/c.
Configuration:
OMWM : Activate Val. grouping Code
OMSK : Create A/c cat. ref and Val. Class; then A/c cat ref assigned to material
type.
OMWD : Val. area (plant) assigned to Val. grp. code (0001)
OBYC : Assign Val. modifier (0001), New Val. Class and G/L A/c
Now create new material and assign new val. class in Accounting 1 data screen.
Then create PO, GR.
4.
You can copy new movement type which is near-by old one.
When we go to new movement type, if there is no possibility to done transaction
with old movement type.
Steps: 1) entry control data 2) short text 3) allowed transactions 4)help text 5)up
date control data 6)account grouping 7)reasons for movement
5.
Condition type has an access sequence assigned to it which determines
which tables to access for data and in what sequence. This has a sequence of
table based on the most specific to most generic.
It can be used for any new condition type creation.
6.
The pricing procedure assigned to a vendor has a calculation schema
attached to it. This schema defines the various conditions pre-requisite,
calculation & sequence in the PO. Generally, only one type of pricing procedure is
followed for all the vendors.
7.
o
Create access sequence by placing the different condition tables from
most specific to the most general.
o
o
Place the all condition types in a sequential order as per the business
requirement and pricing needs.
8.
o
Project stock
Pipeline material
Orders on hand
9.
o
Standard
Pipeline
Consignment
Subcontracting
10.
Consignment stock is the material which is lying in the premises but is not
owned by the company. It has no value assigned to it until it is taken into own
stock. Once it is used in production or to be sold, it is taken into own stock.
11.
Consignment cycle is similar to a standard purchase cycle. The difference
it that no accounting document is created at the time of goods receipts only qty
is updated.It is settled once the same is utilized.
12.
When the material is sent for subcontracting i.e. some value addition, it is
converted into a different material. It needs a BOM to define the components of
the finished item being received.
13.
When the material is sent for subcontracting i.e. some value addition, it is
converted into a different material. It needs a BOM to define the components of
the finished item being received.The scrap or the process loss can be adjusted
while doing a quality inspection of the material received after subcontracting.
14.
15.
o
16.
By using scales we can fix the price of a material accordingly, for example,
we can fix the material price.
Based on the quantity like
For quantity 1 to 100 price is Rs1000
For quantity 101 to 200 price is 900
Like that, you can fix price.
17.
A scheduling agreement can be made for Consignment, Subcontracting &
stock transfer. A contract, also known as a blanket PO, can be made for standard
items and can be restricted to a Value or Qty.
18.
Based on the calculation schema of that condition & based on access
sequence assigned to it.
19.
Depending on the tax code in the PO item and the tax calculation schema, the
system calculates the non-deductible tax portion and inserts it in the condition
type with the category N.
The condition type has the calculation rule "absolute amount".
Normally, the access sequence that regulates tax code determination is assigned
to the condition type.
20.
Batch is a subdivision of your stock of a material having the same
characteristics
ex: medicines,food products
We can search batches using the standard search facility (match code, key F4)
based on the naming convention of the batches or, if you use batch
classification, based on the characteristics of the batches.
21.
1.
2.
Total Shelf life - If total shelf life is maintained then the minimum shelf life will
also to be entered mandatory.
While taking GR for such item, it actually asks the user to enter the
manufactured date so that the system automatically calculates the expiry date.
Minimum shelf life - While taking the GR, it asks the user to enter the date of GR
date so that it checks whether the days entered in material master has been
satisfied. If the condition is not satisfied then it will not allow to take receipt for
that item.
22.
To set up a quota arrangement for the procurement of a material, proceed
as follows:
Master data -> Quota arrangement -> Maintain, enter the material and plant
number,
Press ENTER
It display the overview screen for the quota arrangement periods, Enter a validity
period for quota arrangement, Enter date until which the quota arrangement is
valid. The start date is calculated by the system.
Press ENTER
Select the quota arrangement and choose, Goto -> Item overview to display the
item overview screen of the quota arrangement. Enter a quota arrangement item
for each source of supply you want to include in the quota arrangement.
You must enter the following data.
o
Procurement type
o
Special procurement type, Enter k in the S column, for example, if a
consignment arrangement for the material exists with the vendor.
o
Vendor number
Press ENTER
The percentage distribution of the quotas is calculated and displayed
automatically by the system.
Save the quota arrangement. The system assigns a number to the quota
arrangement item automatically.
23.
It is procedure that you set in the system on how the Material is planned
Reorder Point
Seasonal requirement
Replenishment
Vendor Managed
Forecast Based
Lot size:
You can define your requirements (to be produced or Procured) in terms of
Weekly, Monthly, Qty based, Maximum Replenishment.
24.
Yes you can do it based on the MRP2 tab for material master you need to
give you MRP type as VB and in Mrp2 set automatic reorder point tab. Now run
MD02 and MD04.
25.
It is reference for all the other existing Purchase Orgnizations.It is not
assigned to either to plant or comp code. The contracts, terms and conditions
can be utilized by other Purchase Organizations.
26.
When the same material to be valuated differently then we can go for split
valuation. Often we use split valuation in chemical industries related to
chemicals.
For example, color, ph, quality.
We need to define valuation categories and valuation types.
0.
For valuation category: origin, valuation types are local procurement and
foreign procurement
1.
For valuation category: procurement types, valuation types are in-house
procurement and external procurement.
2.
For valuation category: quality, valuation types are poor quality, medium
quality, high quality.
like this we can define valuation categories and valuation types.
CUSTOMIZATION SETTINGS
MM-> VALUATION AND ACCOUNT ASSIGNMENT -> SPLIT VALUATION.
3.
4.
5.
Create material master and fill account cat reference in accounting view.
7.
Again for same material type give valuation types which u taken and give
the moving avg price.
NEXT STEP
8.
9.
MIGO
Once taken to MIGO check MMBE -Stock overview and MB02- Accounting views.
27.
Valuation area is generally company or plantValuation category -split
valuation is applicable or not.
Valuation class- whether the materials fall in to which category for simplification
such as raw materials, semi finished goods like that.
28.
For Ex. If you did excess payments (the difference between PO price and Account
Transfer price) to the vendor than the actual payment or under some
circumstances vendor is returning some amount to your account, for this you
need to maintain one account type, that account type is called credit memo. This
may be just to identify why and from where the money has been posted in your
account.
If this is not maintained, at the valuation level conflicts in payment differences
may arise.
29.
When you create purchase order for vendor at that time show in line item
data in which one check box available for free delivery. So when you want to
create purchase order with free quantity click on that check box.
30.
Release strategy means, value of the purchase order is more than certain
limit, that can be released by MM manager. That movement type is ME29N.
31.
Release code is a two character ID allowing a person to release a
requisition or an external purchasing document. Release group is a group of
release codes which can release a purchasing document for a release strategy.
32.
Release procedures with classification can be used for both internal and
external purchasing documents, whereas release procedures without
classification can be used only for internal documents.
33.
No, release procedure without classification not possible for external
documents like PO.
With classification will allow release at header and Item.
Without classification will allow release item -wise only.
For a PO you will want a release header wise and not item wise. Hence you need
to use with classification.
For PR you can use anyone of them i.e., with or without classification.
34.
35.
When we have some issues in the received stock and we do not want the
quantity to be considered in the inventory then we can maintain the stock as GR
Blocked stock.
It is only recorded in the purchase order history. This stock is NOT valuated.
You can display goods receipt blocked stock from two viewpoints:
0.
1.
36.
Movement Type 161 is used for return to vendor. Just select return button
in the PO.
37.
38.
LSMW - Legacy System Migration Workbench (Used to upload the data
from Non SAP to SAP System)
CATT - Computer Aided Test Tool (Used to Create test cases as well as upload
data)
39.
LSMW is uesd to migration of data from non-sap system to the sap system
or sap system to sap system, here the data is migrated from the one system to
another system. so this is a migration tool
Whereas CATT is a computer aided testing tool, used to test the abap object
40.
In SAP for any kind of development, function consultant need to give the
functional specification stating the purpose of the developlement as well as logic
for the selection, related fields and tables. He also needs to prepare one or two
test cases to test output the report/development.
41.
Based on Price, Quality, Delivery and Service.You can give points to this
categories and you can maintain TCode:ME61
42.
Returnable transport packaging (RTP) is a multi-trip packaging medium
(for example, pallets or containers) in which goods can be transported more than
once between vendors and customers.
Returnable transport packaging from a vendor that is stored at a location on your
premises is managed as special stock and clearly assigned as belonging to the
vendor. It is the property of the vendor and is therefore not included in the
customer's valuated stock.
43.
44.
Serial Number:If you want to distinguish each Item (generally unit of
measure will be EA, PC.. etc) in the inventory, then serial number will be
used.Separate serial number profile need to be created and placed at work
scheduling view or plant data storage view of material master.
Advantage:we can track the movements of each serial number of material.
Configuration settings
You have to configure the serial number profile & assign it to Material master. In
the configuration profile of serial number, you have to check the check box for
serial number required for processing & set the Goods movement transaction
where you want to automatically create the serial number or create the serial
number for the material using Tcode IQ01.
During Serial Number profile in Serializing Procedure you have to maintain the
following settings:
MMSL - Maintain goods receipt and issue doc. 03 02
SDLS - Maintain delivery 03 02
SDRE - Maintain returns delivery 03 02
In Serialization profile, there is a checkbox for (Existing required) uncheck that
check box & then test your transaction. You will get a button "Create new in
serial number" in selection screen during goods receipts...Create new serial
number for material there & then make goods receipt.
Assign Serial Number to existing stocks
IQ02 - Edit - Special Serial Number Functions
0.
1.
2.
Plant - 'XXXX'
3.
4.
Save
45.
Go to any reports
0.
Transparent Table
1.
Cluster Table
2.
Pool Table
47.
At the time of Goods Receipt (TCode MIGO) capture Excise duty in Excise
tab. This is part 1 capture. TCode J1IEX, Part 2, Post Excise duty
48.
The Documents that are generated are: Material Document & Accounting
Document.
Accounts that are hit are:
o
RawMAterial/Stock /Operations Acct (Depends on the Type of Business) Debit
o
49.
Inspection Lot:In the Quality Management (QM) component, you process
quality inspections on the basis of inspection lots . If you want to inspect a
specific quantity of a material or a piece of equipment, an inspection lot must be
created in the system. The documentation describes how inspection lots are
created automatically or manually and how you use the inspection lots to
process different types of inspections. Once an inspection lot has been created,
you can inspect the goods, record the inspection results or defects, and complete
the inspection with a usage decision.
Batch:Certain materials' features cannot always be guaranteed to be exactly
alike in production. For example, you cannot guarantee that a certain color will
always have the same shade. Minor differences between production lots cannot
be avoided. You need to be able to uniquely identify the individual production
lots of the same material and manage them separately in inventory.
Materials that require such precise identification, for example pharmaceutical
products, are identified and managed in stock not only according to material
number, but also according to batch number.
With batch handling, you can manage not only production lots from in-house
production, but also production lots from vendors as separate entities.
50.
Sourcelist:It is a combination of one material with more than one vendor or
plants(in internal)and sourcelist is the higher priority than inforecord.you can
stratify the vendor for a material with sourcelist.
Eg:you have 4 info records for a same material with different vendors. If you are
not maintained sourcelist, check while creating PR.It will display all vendors. If
you have sourcelist there you have selected a vendor as fixed. You will only get
one vendor,please check.
Info record:Is a combination of one material with one vendor
51.
Source determination: if you activate this indicator, you give vendor
during PR creation .otherwise you can give the vendor at the time of PO. you can
save the PR without vendor. source determination is used to identify the source
of supply.
52.
Fantastic opportunity for SAP MM students, as well as for junior SAP
consultants, a list of Best Interview Questions on SAP MM (Material Management)
are available here to creak interview. Here you will find common interview
questions for special procurement, purchase department, material masters,
vendor management, service procurement, inventory management,
material release manager, account determination, automatic account
determination and many more. These questions are provided by SAP experts who
have enormous skills over sap integration and hand on experience in live project.
58.
24. At which level are purchase requisitions released? What does this
depend on?
59.
60.
63.
64.
Interview Questions on SAP MM (Material Management) : Materials
Planning
65.
66.
1. On what information are the various consumption-based planning
procedures based? Name the consumption-based planning procedures.
67.
68.
69.
4. What determines whether a material is to be included in the total
planning run?
70.
5. Which times does the system take into account when scheduling for
external procurement and where are they entered?
71.
6. How many receipt elements are created and which quantities are
procured if a requirement of 160 pieces exists, 10 pieces are available and the
following conditions exist:
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
3. You want to carry out a posting for a goods movement that was carried
out 3 months ago, but has not yet been posted. Which posting date do you use?
85.
86.
5. Can you assign more than one valuation class to a single material
master record?
87.
88.
89.
8. Under which circumstances is a posting made to a difference account
when a goods receipt for a purchase order is posted to stock?
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
Transfer posting from plant to plant in two steps: removal from stock
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.
102. Best SAP MM Interview Questions on : Invoice Verification (incl.
Customizing)
103.
104. 1. In which cases would the stock or consumption account be credited with
the cash discount amount?
105.
106. 3. If, in an invoice, an item for $ 100 is blocked, and 2 further items for a
total of $ 200 are not blocked, how much is the vendor paid in the next payment
run (without tax)?
107. 4. Why is the message issued by the system about a payment block not an
error message?
108.
109. 6. An invoice is entered before the goods receipt is posted and is blocked
due to quantity variance. The goods receipt is then entered for the quantity
invoiced, invalidating the blocking reason. How does the system react?
110.
111.
112. 9. How do you enter a credit memo that results in the quantity invoiced
being changed?
113. 10. Which system-side requirements must be fulfilled before you can use
evaluated receipt settlement (ERS)?
114.
11. When do price and quantity variances occur during the ERS run?
115.
116.
The stock supplied by the vendor is in the companies premises with the company
having no liability for the same. The liability for the company will only be
affected when the goods are issued from the consignment stock for use.
119.
Create consignment info record with proper tax code, create Po with item
category K, maintain output condition record for KONS, process GR, no invoice
verification done, but settlement is done through MRKO transaction.
120.
You can add these by products in the BOM for the header matl.
122.
Can scales be used in standard purchase order? You can fix a price in the info
record for a say qty from 1-100 price RS150 & if the order qty is 101- 500- the
prices is 140 . Scales cannot be used directly in PO but can be pulled into the PO
from various master data like info record, quota arrangement.
123.
2. We do not have to create any other purchasing document except for delivery
schedule line via Transaction ME38 or MRP running (with the appropriate setting
of Source List).
3. Delivery Schedule line items are created subject to your specific requirement.
4. Can create both Scheduling Agreement with and without Release
Documentation (subject to the Document Type LP or LPA) with the selection of
either FRC or JIT delivery schedule.
5. Either time-dependent or time-independent conditions can be created subject
to the customizing in the Document Type of the Scheduling Agreement.
6. Item Category 'M' and 'W' can not be used.
124.
125.
126.
12. How is a shelf-life item managed in SAP? What is the full cycle?
129.
131. 15. Can it be configured in such a way that the external requisitions can
also be taken into account while MRP runs in consumption-based planning if VB is
selected as MRP type?
132. 16. How are free items managed in a PO? yu need to tick the tem as free
in the PO. The price will be zero for such PO's.
133. 17. What are the differences between release procedure with classification
and release procedure without classification? When are they used?
Release procedure with classification means the Purchase requsition can be
released both at item level & at the header level. Release procedure with out
classification can also be used for PR which is used for item level release only.
all other external documents cannot be relesed with classification. The two
procedures are mutually exclusive (that is to say, you must decide in favor of one
of them only - you cannot use both).
134.
PO?
No
135.
No
137.
Whenever you are not sure about the quality of the product received, you can
put in GR blocked stock.
138.
139.
140.
The PR is created according to the safety stock mentioned for the material or
can be triggered from a requirement . For creating a PO, you need to have the
scheduling agreement in place .After the MRP is run the schedule lines are
generated which are nothing but the PO.
141.
142.
143. We can fix a price in the info record for range of qty from 1-100 price
Rs.100 & if the order qty is 101- 500- the prices is Rs.90.Also scales cannot be
used directly in PO but can be pulled into the PO from various master data like
info record, quota arrangement etc.
144.
147. The Function OBYC stands for Configure Automatic Postings. When the
system settings are entered for the Inventory Management and Invoice
Verification transactions the automatic posting to G/L accounts. Postings are
made to G/L accounts automatically in the case of Invoice Verification and
Inventory Management where the transactions are relevant to Financial and Cost
Accounting.
148.
149.
P?
What is the procedure to make the period indicator in the MRP2 view as
150. To make the period indicator in the MRP2 view as P the transaction
variant SHD0 and then SE93 is used.
151. What is the procedure to make the Source List automatically appear in
Material Master as default if maintained at plant level using OME5?
152. The maintained source list requirement in OME5 was not maintained the
source list for the material, Po cant be released. So it is required to maintain
source list for all materials in the plant where the indicator is set if maintain
source list at plant level is maintained or it can make use of info record to do so
automatically.
156.
157. The Contract agreement or the Outline Agreement is that create the
centrally contract (cross-plant) where it can maintain different pricing conditions
for each and every plant. It creates the Release Order with reference to Outline
Agreement. No detailed delivery schedule can be made in the Release Order. No
Release documentation is created. Only time-dependent conditions can be
created, Some Item Category 'M' and 'W' can be used.
158.
159. Whereas the Scheduling Agreement is the Plant Location what must be
entered in the Scheduling Agreement. Its no need to create any other purchasing
document except for delivery schedule line via Transaction ME38 or MRP running
(with the appropriate setting of Source List). Delivery Schedule line items are
created subject to your specific requirement. It can create both Scheduling
Agreement with or without release of Documentation (subject to the Document
Type LP or LPA) with the selection of either FRC or JIT delivery schedule. Either
time-dependent or time-independent conditions can be created subject to the
customizing in the Document Type of the Scheduling Agreement. Item Category
'M' and 'W' can not be used.
160.
161. What is the difference between release procedure with classification and
without classification and when are they used?
162. The release procedure with classification deals with the purchase
requisition it can be released both at item level and at the header level. Coming
to release procedure without classification can also be used for purchase
requisition which is used for item level release only. All other external documents
cannot be released with classification These two procedures are mutually
exclusive to say, it has to be decided in favor of one of them only.
163.
164.
165.
The procedure to give specifications are normally prepared for the business
requirement document in which we specify what is required, what field and
tables have to be referred for the required development.
Here a list of SAP MM Interview questions for freshers and experienced. Refer
below SAP MM interview questions (SAP Material Management) one by one and
get prepared well for job. we ensure 100% success for your interviews after
referring below interview questions.
SAP MM Interview Questions Material Management
1.
Tell me about SAP Material Management? and its importance in SAP R/3?
2.
3.
What is a Client?
4.
5.
What is SAP?
6.
What is IDES?
7.
8.
9.
10.
What are the Important Components of SAP MM module and how they are
used in SAP?
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Define Plant?
16.
17.
18.
Which Organization unit is entered when creating Purchasing view of any
material
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
What are the different types of master records data in SAP MM module?
26.
27.
What are the Data is maintained in Material master at client level and
company code level?
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
Explain Differences between Externally owned and company owned
special stocks?
36.
37.
Explain how Purchase Order (PO), Purchase Requisition (PR), MRP are
created?
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
3.
4.
How do you create movement types? What are the steps involved? When
will you recommend a new movement type?
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
Can it be configured in such a way that the external requisitions can also
be taken into account while MRP runs in consumption-based planning if VB is
selected as MRP type?
25.