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    Cooling Calculation

    Uploaded by

    DheerajKaushal
    1) The document provides parameters for cooling 1000 metric tons of propane cargo in a tank from -50C to -100C using a single stage direct cooling system. 2) It outlines the calculations needed to determine the time required to cool the cargo, which involves calculating the total heat to be removed and the net cooling capacity of the compressor. 3) Based on the calculations, the time required to cool the cargo from -50C to -100C is determined to be 13.01 hours.

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    Cooling Calculation

    Uploaded by

    DheerajKaushal
    139 views3 pages
    1) The document provides parameters for cooling 1000 metric tons of propane cargo in a tank from -50C to -100C using a single stage direct cooling system. 2) It outlines the calculations needed to determine the time required to cool the cargo, which involves calculating the total heat to be removed and the net cooling capacity of the compressor. 3) Based on the calculations, the time required to cool the cargo from -50C to -100C is determined to be 13.01 hours.

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    Cooling Calculation

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    1) The document provides parameters for cooling 1000 metric tons of propane cargo in a tank from -50C to -100C using a single stage direct cooling system. 2) It outlines the calculations needed to determine the time required to cool the cargo, which involves calculating the total heat to be removed and the net cooling capacity of the compressor. 3) Based on the calculations, the time required to cool the cargo from -50C to -100C is determined to be 13.01 hours.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    139 views3 pages

    Cooling Calculation

    Uploaded by

    DheerajKaushal
    1) The document provides parameters for cooling 1000 metric tons of propane cargo in a tank from -50C to -100C using a single stage direct cooling system. 2) It outlines the calculations needed to determine the time required to cool the cargo, which involves calculating the total heat to be removed and the net cooling capacity of the compressor. 3) Based on the calculations, the time required to cool the cargo from -50C to -100C is determined to be 13.01 hours.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    COOLING CALCULATION

    PARAMETERS GIVEN
    PLANT
    CARGO
    QUANTITY
    TANK TEMPERATURE
    COMPRESSOR SUCTION PRESSURE
    COMPRESSOR SUCTION TEMPERATURE
    COMPRESSOR SUCTION VOLUME
    ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE

    : Single Stage Direct Cooling


    : Propane
    : 1000 MT
    : -50 C
    : 3.00 Bar
    : +60 C
    : 350 M3/Hr
    : 1000 mb

    REQUIRED
    TIME TAKEN TO COOL DOWN CARGO TO

    : -100 C

    P
    R
    E
    S
    S
    U
    R
    E
    B
    A
    R
    A
    B
    S
    O
    L
    U
    T
    E
    L
    O
    G
    S
    C
    A
    L
    E

    55OC
    h4
    18OC

    7.95

    h3
    6OC

    Sub-cooled
    liquid

    8.3 Kg/m3

    Latent heat
    h5

    h1
    -5OC

    4.06
    T1
    4.00

    h2
    -10OC

    3.45

    T2

    499.5

    511.6

    570.2
    Enthalpy (KJ/Kg)

    893.2

    Superheated
    vapour

    1) Heat to be removed (Q)


    = (QT 1 - QT 2 ) * Mass
    2) Net cooling capacity Q Net
    = Vs * s * h
    Where: Vs = Compressor volume.
    s = Density of vapour at suction side.
    h = Enthalpy difference between saturated vapour after phase change and boiling liquid before expansion
    value i.e. (h1 h4).
    WHAT IS REQUIRED
    a) Enthalpy of boiling liquid at 10oC
    = QT 2 = 499.5
    o
    b) Enthalpy of boiling liquid at 5 C
    = QT 1 = 511.6
    c) Enthalpy of boiling liquid at +18oC
    = h4 = 570.2
    o
    d) Enthalpy of Saturated vapour at -5 C
    = h1 = 893.2
    e) Density of superheated vapour at +6oC and 4 Bar Abs Pr
    (Only from Mollier Diagram or Graph of Superheated properties of vapour) = 8.3 Kg/M3

    1 ) Q = ( 511.6-499.5 ) * 1000 * 103 = 12.1 *106 KJ


    & 2 ) Q Net = 350m3 / hr * 8.3 Kg / m3 * ( 893.2 570.2 ) KJ / Kg
    = 938315 KJ / hr
    = 9.3 * 105 KJ / hr
    HENCE COOLING TIME = 12.1 * 106 KJ
    = 13.01 Hours
    5
    9.3 * 10 KJ / Hr
    NOTE: Heat ingress in lines, into cargo tanks etc etc not taken into account.

    EXPLANATION OF THE COOLING PROCESS, FLOW SHEET OF THE MOLLIER


    T1 is the present cargo temperature and its enthalpy of boiling liquid is 511.6 KJ/Kg
    T2 is the required cargo temperature and its enthalpy of boiling liquid is 499.5 KJ/Kg
    Hence the heat to be removed is the enthalpy difference viz 511.6 - 499.5 = 12.1 KJ/Kg
    But cargo quantity is 1000 MT = 1000 * 103 Kg
    Total heat to be removed is 12.1 * 106 Kilo Joules

    NOW TRY TO UNDERSTAND WHAT OUR COMPRESSOR IS UPTO


    Due to heat leaking into the cargo tank, some of the liquid at T1 will boil off to saturated
    vapour at h1. The boil off uses heat that is taken from the liquid, so if we remove this vapour,
    the liquid in the tank will remain at the same temperature.
    If we suck out more vapour then what is being generated, the temperature of the tank will
    decrease so that at atmospheric pressure the cargo will be at its boiling point.
    BASICALLY THAT IS THE COOLING PROCESS
    We suck vapour into the compressor at h2 i.e. 6oC and 4 bar pressure. The vapour in the mean
    time has superheated and has also slightly decreased in pressure in relation to the tank
    pressure because of passing through pipelines, valves, bends, liquid separator etc.
    In the compressor the vapour is pressurised and the vapour comes out at h3 i.e. 18oC and 7.95
    bar pressure, with a higher pressure and a greater Enthalpy than at h2.
    From here it goes into the seawater-cooled condenser. Note that the high pressure achieved in
    the compressor remains all the way till the expansion valve.
    The vapour at a high pressure and temperature condenses to liquid in the condenser. Note it is
    the seawater temperature that decides what temperature and pressure the propane
    vapour condenses at.
    The condensed liquid propane collects in the receiver at h4. From the liquid receiver this
    warm liquid expands from a high pressure to low-pressure h5. At this instance the condensing
    pressure decreases to tank pressure and some of the liquid boils off due to reduction in
    pressure. This boil off consumes heat that is removed from the liquid, and the liquid
    temperature decreases from that in the receiver to that of the tank.
    Do remember that temperature and pressure follow each other.
    As we understand we have sucked 100% vapour from the tank and delivered it back as
    70-90% liquid and at the same temperature as the liquid in the tank.
    THIS IS THE RELIQUIFACTION PROCESS.
    It is NOT the return of the condensate that gives the cooling effect / reduction of the tank
    temperature, BUT on the contrary it is the vapour that we suck off with the compressor that
    gives the cooling effect.

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