F 0503: 2005

JIS F 0503-2005
Shipbuilding Coiled springs for marine machinery
1.
Scope
This Japanese Industrial Standard specifies coiled by hot or cold forming with the materials of
circular section (hereinafter referred to as spring) and used as compression or extension springs for marine
machinery.
2.
Reference standards
The following standards form part of the requirements of this standard when
quoted. The latest editions (including supplements) of these standards shall be applied.
JIS B 0103
JIS B 2704
JIS G 3522
JIS G 3561
JIS G 4314
JIS G 4801
JIS H 3270

Glossary of terms used in spring

Helical compression and extension springs Requirements for design,
performance test methods
Piano wires
Oil tempered wire for valve springs
Stainless steel spring wires
Spring steel
Copper beryllium alloy, phosphor bronze and nickel silver - rods, bars and
wires

3.
Definitions
For the purpose of this standard, the terms and their definitions shall be as follows,
besides specifications in JIS B 0103.
4.
Materials
The kind, standard number, symbol, application and forming method of the materials used
for spring shall be as given in Table 1. The diameters of spring materials shall be as given in Table 2.
Any other kind of material or any other diameter of spring materials than specified in Table 1 or 2 shall
be used according to agreement between parties concerned with delivery of the spring.

Table 1
Kind of material

Standard
number

Materials, application and method of forming

Symbol

Spring steel

JIS G 4801

SUP 9
SUP 9A
SUP 10
SUP 11A
SUP 12
SUP 13

Oil tempered wires

for valve spring

JIS G 3561

SWOCV-V
SWOSC-V

Application
For coils used to higher stress,
being subjected to repeated load,
or repeated impact, and for
heavy duty usage.
Example:
Safety valve spring
Exhaust valve spring
Fuel injection valve spring
Fuel pump spring
Governor spring
Starting valve spring
Chain-extension spring
Brake cylinder spring
Oil cushion spring

Method of forming

Hot forming

Cold forming

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F 0503: 2005
Table 1
Kind of material

Piano wire

Materials, application and method of forming (contd)

Standard
number

Symbol
SWP-A
SWP-B
SWP-V
SUS 304-WPA
SUS 304-WPB
SUS 316-WPA
SUS631 J1-WPC
C 5191 W-H
C 5212 W-H

JIS G 3522

Stainless steel spring

wir

JIS G 4314

Phosphor bronze wire

JIS H 3270

Application

Table 2

Method of forming

Small type of heavy duty

compression spring
Extension spring
Used to higher duty
Corrosion-resisting spring
Heat-resisting spring

Cold forming

Used under lower stress

Corrosion-resisting spring
Non-magnetic spring

Diameters of spring materials

Unit: mm

Symbol of materials

Range of
dimensions

SUP 9
SUP 12
SUP 9A
SUP 10
SUP 11A
SUP 13
SWOCV-V
SWOSC-V
SWP-A
SWP-B
SWP-V
SUS 304-WPA
SUS 316-WPA
SUS 304-WPB
SUS 631 J1-WPC
C 5191 W-H
C 5212 W-H

8 ~ 30
20 ~ 45
10 ~ 45

Diameter
(d)
8, 8.5, 9, 9.5, 10, 10.5, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18,
19, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42,
44, 45, 48, 50, 55, 60, 65

48 ~ 65
2 ~ 10
0.5 ~ 8
0.5 ~ 10
0.5 ~ 7
2~ 6
0.5 ~

0.5 ~ 12
0.5 ~ 6
0.5 ~ 12
0.5 ~ 8

5.

Dimensions and shape

a)

Spring index

0.5,
3.2,

0.6,
3.5,

0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2, 2.3, 2.6, 2.9,
4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5, 8, 8.5, 9, 9.5, 10

0.5,
3.2,

0.6,
3.5,

0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8,

4, 4.5, 5, 6, 6.5, 7, 8, 9, 10

0.5,
2.3,
12

0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9,

2.6, 2.9, 3.2, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5,

1, 1.2,
5.5, 6,

1.4,
6.5,

2,

2.3,

2.6,

2.9,

1.6, 1.8, 2,
7, 8, 9, 10,

0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2, 2.3, 2.6, 2.8,
3, 3.2, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12

The dimensions and shape shall be as follows:

mean diameter of coil
It is recommended that the spring index
shall be selected
diameter of material

within a range of 4 to 15.

free height

It is recommended that the aspect ratio

shall be selected
mean
diameter
of
coil

within a range of 0.8 to 4.

b)

Slenderness ratio

c)

Number of active coils and total number of turns

It is recommended that the number of active coils
shall be 3 or more.
For compression springs, in which the bends when acting are especially apt to be detrimental, it is
recommended that the total number of turns shall be the multiple of 0.5 by odd number.
Pitch
It is recommended that the pitch shall be half the mean diameter of coil or less.

d)

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F 0503: 2005
e)
Solid height
The solid height of compression springs shall not usually be specified. When the solid
height is specifically required, the value obtained from the following formula shall be specified as the
maximum value.
Solid height (Hs) = Total number of turns (Nt) diameter of material (dmax)
Where, dmax is the diameter d of the material with the maximum deviation.
f)
Number of end turns of compression spring
The number of end turns of compression spring shall
usually be in a range of 0.75 to 1.5 turns. In the spring subjected to repeated loads, it shall be one turn
or more (or, the minimum number of turns shall be one).
g)
Tip thickness of compression spring
The tip thickness of compression spring shall be as given in
Table 3.
Table 3

Tip thickness

Grinding range of end face

Tip thickness
mm

270 turn
4

Diameter of material 0.25

300 Approx. turn

8

Diameter of material 0.15

Remark:

Unless the grinding range of end face is particularly

specified, 270 shall be taken.

h)

Hook of extension spring

It is recommended that the bending radius of hooks of extension springs
shall be as large as possible, and shall have such forms as to facilitate the working.

6.

Symbols and calculation formulas used for the design of springs

Symbols and calculation formulas
used for the design of springs shall be as follows in accordance with JIS B 2704.
Symbols used for the design of springs
The symbols used for spring design shall be as given in
Table 4.

a)

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F 0503: 2005
Symbols

Table 4
Symbol
d
Di
Do
D

mm

Mean diameter of coil

D=

Di + Do

Hs
e
p
c

mm
mm
mm

2
Total number of turns
Number of active coils
Free height (free height in case of
extension spring)
Solid height of compression spring
Inclination of coil outside profile
Pitch

Spring index

Slenderness ratio

N
mm
N/nm
N/nm2
N/nm2

Hz
N/nm2
kg
kg/nm3

Planned load
Planned deflection
Planned spring constant
Twisting stress
Corrected twisting stress
Correction factor of stress
Initial tension of extension spring
Empirical coefficient
Natural frequency
Modulus of rigidity in shear
Mass of moving spring part
Mass per unit volume of material

D
P

Pi
A
f
G
M
m
Remark:

mm

c=

D
d

1 N/mm2 = 1 MPa

Calculation formulas for deflection, spring constant and corrected twisting stress of spring
Deflection, spring constant and corrected twisting stress of compression spring and extension spring
having no initial tension shall be as given in Table 5.
Table 5

Calculation formulas for deflection, spring constant and corrected twisting stress
Deflection
mm

c)

Explanation
Diameter of materials
Inner diameter of materials
Outer diameter of materials

Nt
Na
Hf

Hf

b)

Unit
mm
mm
mm

8 NaD 3 P
Gd 4

Modulus of rigidity in shear

shall be as given in Table 6.

Spring constant
N/mm
k=

Gd 4
8NaD 3

Corrected twisting stress

N/mm2

= o =

8 DP
d 3

The modulus of rigidity in shear G used for the calculation of spring

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F 0503: 2005
Table 6

Modulus of rigidity in shear

Value of G
N/mm2

Kind of material
Spring steel,
Piano wires,
Oil tempered wires for valve sprin
SUS 304
Stainless steel
SUS 316
spring wires
SUS 631 J1
Phosphor bronze wire

6.85 104
7.35 104
7.2 104

Correction factor of stress

The value of correction factor of stress used for the calculation of
corrected twisting stress shall be derived from the following formula or as given in Table 7.
4c 1 0.615
+
=
4c 4
c

d)

Table 7
c

c)

7.85 104

Correction factor of stress

4.0
1.404

4.2
1.381

4.4
1.360

4.6
1.342

4.8
1.326

5.0
1.311

5.2
1.297

5.4
1.284

5.6
1.273

5.8
1.262

6.0
1.253

6.2
1.243

6.4
1.235

6.6
1.227

6.8
1.220

7.0
1.212

7.2
1.206

7.4
1.202

7.6
1.194

7.8
1.189

8.0
1.184

8.5
1.172

9.0
1.162

9.5
1.153

10.0
1.145

10.5
1.138

11.0
1.131

11.5
1.125

12.0
1.119

13.0
1.110

14.0
1.102

15.0
1.095

Formula for initial tension of extension spring having initial tension

Since the initial tension will
be generated in cold forming coil spring of solid winding among extension springs, the load when
extending becomes P + Pi and the values of initial tension Pi obtained from the following empirical
formula may be used for steel.
Gd 4
Pi = A
255D 2
The empirical coefficient A shall be as shown in Table 8.
Table 8
Kind of material

Piano wire
Stainless steel spring wire

Empirical coefficient of initial tension by low temperature annealing

Condition of low temperature annealing
Not applied 150 C15 min. 200 C15 min. 230 C15 min. 300 C15 min. 350 C15 min.
1.00
0.88
0.77
0.70
0.49
0.32
1.00
0.94
0.92
0.90
0.80
0.74

7.
Allowable twisting stress
7.1
Spring subjected to static load
The spring subjected to static load shall be in accordance with the
following requirements.
a)
Compression spring
The maximum allowable twisting stress at the time of test loading of
compression spring subjected to static load shall be determined by investigating about 0. It is
recommended that the value of 0 should not exceed those in Fig. 1 and the maximum stress in
application of spring should not be more than 80% of those in Fig. 1. It is also recommended that the
corrected twisting stress multiplied by the correction factor of stress should be controlled below 80% of
those given in Fig. 1 especially for exhaust valve spring and the like to which the permanent sets during
use are apt to be detrimental.
b)
Extension spring
It is recommended that the allowable twisting stress of extension spring should be
80% of those in Fig. 1 and the maximum stress in application of spring should not be more than 64% of
those in Fig. 1.

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F 0503: 2005

Allowable twisting stress

N/mm2

Diameter of material mm
Fig. 1: Allowable twisting stress
7.2
Spring subjected to repeated load
With regard to the maximum allowable twisting stress when a
spring is subjected to repeated load, the value of corrected twisting stress multiplied by the correction factor of
stress under the test load is recommended not to exceed those in Fig. 1 and the value of corrected allowable
twisting stress under the working load (1) should not exceed those given in Table 9.
It is recommended that the stress amplitude shall be 30% or less of the values in Table 9.
Note (1)

Working load on the spring subjected to repeated load, or the maximum value of repeated load.

Table 9

Corrected allowable twisting stress under working load

Unit: N.mm2

Material

Diameter
of material
mm
d<1
1d< 3
3d 6
6<d 8
8 < d 12
8 d 13
13 < d 25
25 < d 45
45 < d 65

SWP-A
SWP-B
SWP-V
340
320
290
270
250

SUS304-WPA
SUS304-WPB
SUS316-WPA
SUS631J1-WPC

C 5191 W-H
C 5212 W-H

SWOCV-V

290
250
220
200
180

130
130
100
80
70

410
390
370
370

SWOSC-V

450
420
390

SUP 9
SUP 9A
SUP 10
SUP 12

340
290
250

SUP 11A
SUP 13

250

8.
Surging
For exhaust valve spring and the like, such natural frequency of spring that does not resonate
with all the vibration of exciting source acted on spring shall be selected to avoid surging.
The calculation or natural frequency of spring shall be as given in the following formula.

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F 0503: 2005
103 k
22.36d
=a
M
NaD 2

f =a

G
m

Where,
i
: in the case of both ends free or fixed
2
2i 1
a:
: in the case of one end fixed and the other end free
4
i: the order of resonance: 1, 2, 3,
If it is assumed that G = 7.85 104 N/mm2 and m = 7.85 10-6 kg/mm3 shall be for steel material and
both ends of a spring are free or fixed, the primary natural frequency of spring shall be calculated by the formula
below.
d
f = 3.56 105
NaD 2

a:

9.
Permissible deviations of dimensions and spring characteristics
The permissible deviations of
dimensions and spring characteristics shall be specified by classifying them into Class 1, 2 and 3 and in
accordance with the two general categories of hot and cold forming methods.
9.1
Permissible dimensional deviations of hot formed springs
The dimensional deviations of hot
formed springs shall be as follows.
a)
Free length (2)
Permissible deviations of the free height of springs if no spring characteristics are
specified shall be as given in Table 10. No permissible deviations shall usually be specified to the free
length of springs if spring characteristics are specified.
Note (2):

For extension springs, the word length shall be used hereinafter in place of height expressing the
length between inside of both end hooks.

Table 10

Permissible deviations of free length

Unit: mm

Class
Permissible deviations

b)

2
0.020 Hf
Minimum value 2.0

3
0.030 Hf
Minimum value 3.0

Diameter of coil
The permissible deviations of diameter of coil shall be specified on either outside or
inside diameter of coil according to its application. The specified values shall be as given in Table 11.
Table 11
Permissible deviations of diameter of coil
Unit: mm

Permissible
deviations

Remark:

c)

1
0.010 Hf
Minimum value 1.0

Class
Free length 250 or
less
Free length 250 or
more and 500 or less
Free length 500 or
more

1
0.010 D
Minimum diameter 0.5
0.010 D
Minimum diameter 1.0
0.010 D
Minimum diameter 1.5

2
0.015 D
Minimum diameter 1.0
0.015 D
Minimum value 1.5
0.015 D
Minimum diameter 2.0

3
0.020 D
Minimum diameter 1.5
0.020 D
Minimum diameter 2.0
0.020 D
Minimum diameter 2.5

hen necessary, either inside or outside diameter may be taken as the basis of permissible deviations. In
this case, the values in this table shall apply to the diameter taken.

Inclination of coil outside profile

lination of coil outside profile to the axis perpendicular to the end
face of coil under no load shall be measured. The permissible limits shall be as given in Table 12.
Table 12

missible limits of inclination of coil outside profile

Unit: mm

Class
Permissible limits
Remark:

1
0.017 Hf (1.0)
Minimum value 0.5

2
0.035 Hf (2.0)
Minimum value 1.0

3
0.052 Hf (3.0)
Minimum value 2.0

Values in parenthesis shall show inclination angles.

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F 0503: 2005
9.2
Permissible dimensional deviations of cold formed springs
The dimensional deviations of cold
formed springs shall be as follows.
a)
Free length
Permissible deviations of the free height of springs if no spring characteristics are
specified shall be as given in Table 13. No permissible deviations shall be specified to the free length
of springs if spring characteristics are specified.
Table 13

Permissible deviations of free length

Unit: mm

Class
Spring index 4 or
more and 8 or less
Spring index 8 or
more and 15 or less
Spring index 15 or
more and 22 or less

Permissible
deviations

b)

1
0.01 Hf
Minimum value 0.2
0.015 Hf
Minimum value 0.5
0.02 Hf
Minimum value 0.6

2
0.02 Hf
Minimum value 0.5
0.03 Hf
Minimum value 0.7
0.04 Hf
Minimum value 0.8

3
0.03 Hf
Minimum value 0.7
0.04 Hf
Minimum value 0.8
0.06 Hf
Minimum value 1.0

Diameter of coil
Permissible deviations shall be specified to either inside or outside diameter of coil
according to its application. The values shall be as given in Table 14.
Table 14

Permissible deviations of diameter of coil

Unit: mm

Permissible
deviations

c)

Class
Spring index 4 or
more and 8 or less
Spring index 8 or
more and 15 or less
Spring index 15 or
more and 22 or less

1
0.01 D
Minimum value 0.15
0.015 D
Minimum value 0.2
0.02 D
Minimum value 0.3

2
0.015 D
Minimum value 0.2
0.02 D
Minimum value 0.3
0.03 D
Minimum value 0.5

3
0.025 D
Minimum value 0.4
0.03 D
Minimum value 0.5
0.04 D
Minimum value 0.7

Inclination of coil outside profile

Inclination of coil outside profile to the axis perpendicular to the
end face of coil under no load shall be measured. The permissible limits shall be as given in Table 15.
Table 15

Permissible deviations of inclination of coil outside profile

Unit: mm

Class

1
0.017 Hf (1.0)
Minimum value 0.5

Permissible limits
Remark:

2
0.035 Hf (2.0)
Minimum value 1.0

3
0.052 Hf (3.0)
Minimum value 2.0

Values in parenthesis shall show inclination angles

9.3
Permissible deviations of spring characteristics of hot formed springs
The permissible deviations
of spring characteristics of hot formed springs shall be as follows.
a)
Permissible deviations of load at the specified length
Permissible deviations of load at the specified
length shall be as given in Table 16.
Table 16

Permissible deviations of load at the specified length

Unit: N

Class
Permissible
deviations

1
0.05 P
Minimum value 1.5 k

2
0.08 P
Minimum value 2.5 k

3
0.10 P
Minimum value 5.0 k

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F 0503: 2005
b)
Permissible deviations of deflection at the specified load
Permissible deviations of deflection at the
specified load shall be as given in Table 17.
Table 17
Permissible deviations of deflection at the specified load
Unit: mm
Class
Permissible
deviations

c)

1
0.05
Minimum value 1.5

2
0.08
Minimum value 2.5

3
0.10
Minimum value 5.0

Permissible deviations of spring constant

Permissible deviations of spring constant shall generally
be 10%. For a spring requiring precision according to its application, minimum 5% may be specified
as the permissible deviation. However, for a spring to which permissible deviation of spring constant
has been specified, no permissible deviations shall usually be specified on load at the specified length and
deflection under the specified load.
Remarks: 1. Spring characteristics of a spring shall be specified so that its deflection may be between 20% and
80% of those at the test load.
2. Spring constant shall be specified by the differences of load and deflection of a spring at two load
points between 30% and 70% of the test load.

9.4
Permissible deviations of spring characteristics of cold formed springs
The permissible deviations
of spring characteristics of cold formed springs shall be as follows.
a)
Permissible deviations of load at the specified length
The permissible deviations of load at the
specified length shall be as given in Table 18.
Table 18
Permissible deviations of load at the specified length
Unit: mm
Class
Number of active coils 3 or
Permissible more and 10 or less
deviations Number of active coils 10
or more

b)

2
0.08 P
Minimum value 0.8 k
0.05 P
Minimum value 0.8 k

3
0.10 P
Minimum value 1.0 k
0.10 P
Minimum value 1.0 k

Permissible deviations of deflection at the specified load

The permissible deviations of load at the
specified load shall be as given in Table 19.
Table 19
Permissible deviations of deflection at the specified load
Unit: mm
Class
Number of active coils 3 or
Permissible more and 10 or less
deviations Number of active coils 10
or more

c)

1
0.05 P
Minimum value 0.5 k
0.03 P
Minimum value 0.5 k

1
0.05
Minimum value 0.5
0.03
Minimum value 0.5

2
0.08
Minimum value 0.8
0.05
Minimum value 0.8

3
0.10
Minimum value 1.0
0.10
Minimum value 1.0

Permissible deviations of spring constant

The permissible deviations of spring constant shall be as
given in Table 20. However, for a spring to which permissible deviation of spring constant has been
specified, no permissible deviations shall usually be specified on deflection under the specified load and
load at the specified length
Table 20
Permissible deviation of spring constant
Class
Permissible Number of active coils 3 or more and 10 or less
deviations Number of active coils 10 or more

1
5%
3%

2
8%
5%

3
10%
10%

Remarks: 1. Spring characteristics of a spring shall be specified so that its deflection may be between 20% and 80% of
those at the test load.
2. Spring constant shall be specified by the differences of load and deflection of a spring at two load points
between 30% and 70% of the test load.

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9.5
a)

b)

F 0503: 2005
Other dimensional permissible deviations
Total number of turns
When spring characteristics are specified, the total number of turns shall be
taken as reference. The permissible deviations of total number of turns when no spring characteristics
are specified shall be 1/4 turn for the compression spring and 1/2 turn for the extension spring.
The permissible deviation of the opposite hook angles of extension spring shall be in accordance with
the agreement between the parties concerned with delivery of the spring.
Inequality of pitch
For compression springs with equal pitch, coils shall not contact with each other
except for both ends, when compressed to 80% of the total deflection (3).
Note (3):

c)

d)

The total deflection means the deflection from free length to solid height.

Parallelism of end face

The difference between the maximum and minimum of end-face heights
under no load condition shall be 0.02 outside diameter of coil (1.15 degrees). However, the minimum
value shall be 0.5mm.
Flatness of end face
When erected on surface plate, the spring shall be stable. If accuracy of the
fitness with the bearing surface is especially required, the agreement between the parties concerned with
delivery of the spring shall be observed.

10.
Working process
10.1 Polish working of surface of material
The springs which are subjected to high-speed repeated load
or repeated impact, and made of spring steel, shall be drawn and be subjected to polish working after cutting the
surface of material or removing surface flaws.
10.2
a)

b)

Heat treatment
The heat treatment process of spring shall be as follows:
Hot forming springs made of spring steel shall be heat-treated uniformly after forming. The heat
treatment shall be quenching and tempering.
The hardness of spring surface after tempering shall be HBW 388 to 461 (Diameter of indentation:
3.10 to 2.85).
Cold forming springs shall be subjected to low temperature annealing under the conditions as given in
Table 21 after forming.
Table 21
Symbol of material

SWP-A
SWP-B
SWO-V
SWOCV-V
SWOSC-V
SUS 304-WPA
SUS 304-WPB
SUS 316-WPA
SUS 631 J1-WPC
C 519 W-H
C 5212 W-H

Condition of low temperature annealing by material

Heat treatment
temperature
C

Time,
min

300 ~ 350

20 ~ 30

380 ~ 440

20 ~ 30

400

20 ~ 30

480

90 ~ 120

150 ~ 200

20 ~ 30

Remarks

Extension springs on which initial

extension is applied, and springs
that are subjected to statically
higher stress shall be annealed at
200 to 250C.

Precipitation hardening treatment

10.3 Shot peening and setting

Springs subjected to repeated load, and compression springs made of spring
steel, shall be subjected to shot peening after forming and heat treatment, and subjected to setting. However,
springs made of phosphor bronze wire, those with wire diameter of 3.5mm or less and extension springs shall
not usually be subjected to shot peening or setting.

10

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F 0503: 2005
11.
Tests and inspection
The tests and inspection of springs shall be as follows.
Sampling inspection plan for lot inspection shall be in accordance with the agreement between the parties
concerned with delivery of the spring.
a)
Appearance
The surface of spring shall be free from such detrimental defects as roughness, scratches
and decarburization.
b)
Dimensions and shape
The dimensions and shape shall conform to the respective requirements
specified in 9.
c)
Inclination of coil outside profile
The inclination (e) of coil outside profile of a compression spring
to the axis perpendicular to each cut end face of the coil under no load shall be measured in accordance
with Fig. 2, and the measurement results shall conform to the respective requirements in 9.

Fig. 2
d)

Measurement of inclination of coil outside profile

Spring characteristics
The measurement of spring characteristics shall be made after applying a
normal test load. The test loads shall be such that the twisting stress 0 may produce the values in Fig. 1
for the compression springs under static load, and the values of 80% of those in Fig. 1 for the extension
springs. For the springs under repeated load, the test load shall be such that the corrected twisting stress
multiplied by correction factor of stress may produce the values in Fig. 1. If this load is greater than
the solid load, the solid load shall be taken as test load.
The inspection of spring characteristics shall be conducted at the time of fitting and servicing. When
the method of measurement is not particularly specified, the loads at the length at the time of fitting and
servicing shall be measured, and the results shall conform to the respective requirements in 9. However,
the length at the time of test loading shall be taken as reference values, and no permissible deviations
shall be specified in particular.

12.
Statement of the specifications
observe the example in Fig. 3.

It is recommended that the statement of the specifications shall

11

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F 0503: 2005
Unit: mm
Approx. 4.5

Approx. 189

Particulars
Material
Diameter of material
d
mm
Mean diameter of coils D
mm
Outside diameter of coil Do
mm
Number of active coils Na
Total number of turns
Nt
Direction of twist
Free length
Hf
mm
Spring constant
k
N/mm
mm
At the time Length H1
of fitting
Load
P1
N
mm
At the time Length H2
of servicing Load
P2
N
Length Pt
N
At the time
Load
Ht
mm
of testing
t
N/mm2
Stress
Surface treatment of
material
Surface
Surface treatment after
treatment
forming
Rust inhibitive treatment

Fig. 3

SUP9
18
100
1181.5
8.5
10.5
Right
280
121.2
265
1818150
237
5211
11029
Approx. 189
614
Polishing
Shot peening
Black enamel coating

Example of statement of the specifications (Case of compression spring)

12

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