Tutorial Digsilent Ingles

Power System Automation Lab
Overcurrent Protection for the

IEEE 34 Node Radial Test Feeder
Hamed B. Funmilayo, James A. Silva and
Dr. Karen L. Butler-Purry
Texas A&M University
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
Introduction
Major use of the benchmark radial test
feeders -- provide load-flow data for validating
load-flow results from existing/novel loadflow algorithms
Extend Current IEEE 34 node test feeder
Provide overcurrent protection, considering offthe-shelf protective devices
Make available for studies under new scenarios
(such as DG impact)
Work Reported in This Paper

Model of Test feeder in DIgSILENT
PowerFactory 13.1 and conduct LF and
SC studies
Coordination studies for temporary and
permanent faults for various fault
situations
Select OCP devices for the test feeder
IEEE 34 Node Radial Test Feeder
Developed by DSA Subcommittee

Majority at 24.9 kV (one 4.16kV lateral)
Total load: 2060 kVA at 0.86 pf
Long, unbalanced radial system
IEEE 34-Node Test Feeder system (modified from [1])

[1] Radial Test Feeders - IEEE Distribution System Analysis Subcommittee
Over Current Protective Devices

Modeled in DIgSILENT
1 recloser, 12 fuses
Fuse saving for fuses 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 11
Maximum and Minimum Fault Currents

Comparison of Maximum Fault
Current to IEEE TF Results
Comparison of Minimum Fault

Current to IEEE TF Results
Faulted
IEEE*
DIgSILENT
DIgSILENT
Faulted
IEEE*
DIgSILENT
DIgSILENT
Node
800
(A)
718.60
(A)
% Error
678.60
5.57
Node
800
(A)
479.30
(A)
459.00
% Error
4.24
808
526.50
510.20
3.10
808
309.40
322.26
4.16
816
335.40
329.94
1.63
816
213.50
205.49
3.75
824
313.00
310.50
0.80
824
195.10
194.06
0.53
854
272.90
276.40
1.28
854
175.90
173.68
1.26
832
223.10
217.70
2.42
832
146.20
140.55
3.86
858
217.70
213.30
2.02
858
143.00
138.06
3.45
834
211.30
208.40
1.37
834
139.30
135.19
2.95
836
206.90
204.40
1.21
836
136.50
132.71
2.78
840
206.10
203.61
1.21
840
136.00
132.27
2.74
890
406.50
440.10
8.27
890
94.10
87.94
6.55
Recloser and Fuses Types

Recloser
Recloser's coordination range must provide adequate time to sense all
downstream faults.
Fuse Saving mode used
A triple single-phase electronic recloser was used
Load side fuses

Similar types of fuse links were selected for all branches within the
same nominal current range
Voltage rating equal to or higher than the maximum bus voltage at the
fuse location
Interrupting current rating larger than the maximum symmetrical fault
current at the fuse location
Type K, T and X expulsion fuse links
Step Down Transformer (XMF-1) Fusing

A type T external expulsion cutout on the primary side
The voltage rating equal to or greater than the voltage at transformer's
location
The ampere rating equal to or greater than the anticipated normal
loading level
The symmetrical short-circuit interrupting rating equal to or greater
than the maximum fault current
Be able to withstand the inrush current generated when

transformer is energized
Be able to protect against transformer faults and secondary
side faults (through faults)
Serve as backup device by coordinating with the OCP device
downstream of the lateral
Capacitor Bank Fusing

Group fusing method is used. (One fuse
protects the capacitor bank)
Promptly isolate the failed capacitor unit on
the line prior to any other protective device
on the system
1-phase grounded fault current without fault
impedance is assumed as the capacitor fault
value.
10
Settings for Recloser and Load Side Fuses

Recloser Settings
No. of Instantaneous Trips
No. of Delay Trips
Nominal Voltage
14.4 kV, L-N
Minimum trip rating
100 A
Minimum Fault Current Observed at the Recloser

For The Minimum Fault At Each Lateral
Recloser
Faulted
Lateral
If recloser (A)
Node
800
800
Node
810
number
1
DIgSILENT
321.79
822
168.90
800
826
218.89
Instantaneous trip curve type
103
800
856
179.82
Delay trip curve type
134
800
888
61.08
800
864
126.36
800
848
165.82
800
838
166.88
800
Cap- 844
167.93
800
Cap- 848
840
165.82
11
165.88
Load Side Fuse Settings

Nominal Voltage Rating
Nominal Current Rating of Each
Fuse
24.9 kV, L-L or

4.16 kV, L-L
Based on each
branchs current
800
11
Coordination Studies
Two terms for OCP operation
Primary device
Near to the fault and first to clear the fault
Secondary (backup device)

Backup of the primary device
Coordination between recloser and fuse

For temporary fault, K factor is used
For permanent fault, fuse operates prior to reclosers delay trip
Coordination between fuse and fuse

Max clearing time of primary fuse will not exceed 0.75 times the
minimum melting time of the secondary fuse
12
Fault Case Studies
Fault on main feeder

Fault on ordinary laterals
Fault on laterals with reactive compensation
Faults on laterals with step-down transformer
13
Fault on ordinary laterals

Recloser operates on its
instantaneous trip for
temporary fault
For permanent fault,
fuse operates to clear
the fault and isolates the
lateral
Delayed curve of recloser (backup)
Fuse melting time

Instantaneous trip of recloser
Recloser-Fuse coordination for min fault at 810
14
Discussion of Results
RECLOSER-FUSE COORDINATION TIME INTERVALS FROM DIGSILENT
15
OPD List for the Test Feeder
16
Summary/Conclusions
A conventional overcurrent protection and
coordination scheme was implemented on IEEE 34
Node Test Feeder computer model in DIgSILENT
The final list of selected OCP was provided
Coordination was achieved for different cases
This may be used for easy comparison and
assessment of future overcurrent protection studies
regarding radial distribution system with or without
additions such as DG
17
Acknowledgement
The authors would like to thank F. J. Verdeja
Perez, J. Mendoza, S. Duttagupta, M. Marotti,
K. Mansfield, T. Djokic, and H. E. Leon for their
contributions, along with the assistance of
Prof. W. H. Kersting.
This work was supported in part by the U.S.
National Science Foundation under Grant ECS02-18309.
Paper no. TPWRD-00792-2007.
18
Contact information:
Dr. Karen L. Butler-Purry
Email: [email protected]

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Power System Automation Lab

Overcurrent Protection for the

Work Reported in This Paper

IEEE 34 Node Radial Test Feeder

Developed by DSA Subcommittee

IEEE 34-Node Test Feeder system (modified from [1])

Over Current Protective Devices

Maximum and Minimum Fault Currents

Comparison of Minimum Fault

Recloser and Fuses Types

Load side fuses

Step Down Transformer (XMF-1) Fusing

Be able to withstand the inrush current generated when

Capacitor Bank Fusing

Settings for Recloser and Load Side Fuses

No. of Delay Trips

14.4 kV, L-N

Minimum trip rating

Minimum Fault Current Observed at the Recloser

Instantaneous trip curve type

Delay trip curve type

Load Side Fuse Settings

24.9 kV, L-L or

Secondary (backup device)

Coordination between recloser and fuse

Coordination between fuse and fuse

Fault Case Studies

Fault on main feeder

Fault on ordinary laterals

Delayed curve of recloser (backup)

Fuse melting time

OPD List for the Test Feeder

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