Assignment 7 (MATH 214 B1)

Assignment 7 (MATH 214 B1)
1. (a) Find parametric equations of the curve of intersection of the plane z = 1 and the
sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 5.
Solution. The curve of intersection has parametric equations
x = 2 cos t,
y = 2 sin t,
0 t 2.
z = 1,
(b) At what points does the curve r(t) = (2t2 , 1 t, 3 + t2 ) intersect the plane
3x 14y + z 10 = 0?
Solution. Substituting x = 2t2 , y = 1 t, and z = 3 + t2 into the above equation of
the plane, we obtain
3(2t2 ) 14(1 t) + (3 + t2 ) 10 = 0,
or
7t2 + 14t 21 = 0.
The solutions are t = 1 or t = 3. When t = 1, we have x = 2, y = 0, and z = 4;

when t = 3, we have x = 18, y = 4, and z = 12. Therefore, the curve intersects the
plane at (2, 0, 4) and (18, 4, 12).
2. Let C be the curve given by the parametric equations
x = et sin t,
y = et ,
z = et cos t,
< t < .
(a) Find equations of the line tangent to the curve at the point (0, 1, 1).
Solution. The parameter corresponding to the point (0, 1, 1) is t = 0. Consider the
vector function
r(t) = et sin t i + et j + et cos t k,
< t < .
We have r (t) = et (sin t + cos t) i + et j + et (cos t sin t) k. At t = 0, r (0) = i + j + k.

Hence, the tangent line to the curve at the point (0, 1, 1) has parametric equations
x = ,
y = 1 + ,
z = 1 + ,
< < .
(b) Find the unit tangent vector of the curve at a generic point (in terms of t).
Solution. We have
|r (t)| =
[et (sin t + cos t)]2 + [et ]2 + [et (cos t sin t)]2 =
t
3e .
Hence, the unit tangent vector is

r (t)
1
1
1
= (sin t + cos t) i + j + (cos t sin t) k.
|r (t)|
3
3
3
T(t) =
(c) Find the unit normal vector of the curve at the point (0, 1, 1).
Solution. It follows from part (b) that
1
1
T (t) = (cos t sin t) i + ( sin t cos t) k.
3
3
At t = 0 we have T (0) = (i k)/ 3. Hence, the unit normal vector at the point
(0, 1, 1) is
N(0) =
1
T (0)
1
= i k.
|T (0)|
2
2
(d) Find the length of the part of the curve C between t = 0 and t = .
Solution. The length of the part of the curve is
|r (t)| dt =
L=
0
t
3 e dt = 3 et ]0 = 3(e 1).
3. The helix r1 (t) = cos t i + sin t j + t k intersects the curve r2 (t) = (1 + t) i + t2 j + t3 k

at the point (1, 0, 0).
(a) Find parametric equations of the tangent line to the helix at (1, 0, 0).
Solution. Note that r1 (t) = (1, 0, 0) if and only if t = 0. We have
r1 (t) = sin t i + cos t j + k.
At the point (1, 0, 0), r1 (0) = j + k. Hence, the tangent line to the helix at (1, 0, 0)
has parametric equations
x = 1, y = , z = ,
2
< < .
(b) Find parametric equations of the tangent line to the second curve at (1, 0, 0).
Solution. Note that r2 (t) = (1, 0, 0) if and only if t = 0. We have
r2 (t) = i + 2t j + 3t2 k.
At the point (1, 0, 0), r2 (0) = i. Hence, the tangent line to the second curve at (1, 0, 0)
has parametric equations
x = 1 + , y = 0, z = 0,
< < .
(c) Find the angle of intersection of these two curves at (1, 0, 0).
Solution. Since r1 (0) r2 (0) = 0, the angle of intersection of these two curves at
(1, 0, 0) is /2.
4. Find the length of the given curve.
(a) r(t) = e2t i + e2t sin t j + e2t cos t k, 0 t 2.
Solution. We have
r (t) = 2e2t i + e2t (2 sin t + cos t) j + e2t (2 cos t sin t) k.
The length of the curve is
2
L=
|r (t)| dt
=
2
(2e2t )2 + [e2t (2 sin t + cos t)]2 + [e2t (2 cos t sin t)]2 dt
e2t
3e
0
4 + 4 sin2 t 4 sin t cos t + cos2 t + 4 cos2 t + 4 cos t sin t + sin2 t dt
2t
[ 3
]2
3
2t
dt = e
= (1 e4 ).
2
2
0
(b) r(t) = t2 i + 2t j + ln t k, 1 t e.
Solution. We have
r (t) = 2t i + 2 j +
1
k.
t
The length of the curve is

e
e
(2t)2 + 22 + (1/t)2 dt
L=
|r (t)| dt =
1
e
1 e
2
2
(2t + 1/t) dt
4t + 4 + 1/t dt =
=
1
1
[
]e
= t2 + ln t 1 = e2 .
3
5. Calculate the curvature (t) of the given curve.

(a) r(t) = (cos t + t sin t) i + (sin t t cos t) j + 3 k, < t < .
Solution. We have
r (t) = t cos t i + t sin t j and |r (t)| = |t|.
Consequently, T(t) = cos t i + sin t j for t > 0 and T(t) = cos t i sin t j for t < 0. It
follows that T (t) = sin t i + cos t j for t > 0 and T (t) = sin t i cos t j for t < 0. In
both cases, |T (t)| = 1. Therefore,
(t) =
1
|T (t)|
=
|r (t)|
|t|
for t = 0.
(b) r(t) = t2 i + (1 + 2t) j + (3 t2 ) k, < t < .

Solution. We have
r (t) = 2t i + 2 j 2t k
and
|r (t)| = 2
2t2 + 1.
It follows that
T(t) =
r (t)
t
1
t
=
i+
j
k.
2
2
2
|r (t)|
2t + 1
2t + 1
2t + 1
Consequently,
T (t) =
Hence,
(2t2
1
2t
1
i
j
k.
3/2
2
3/2
2
+ 1)
(2t + 1)
(2t + 1)3/2
4t2 + 2
2
|T (t)| =
=
.
2
2t + 1
(2t2 + 1)3/2
Finally, we obtain
2
|T (t)|
(t) =
=
,
2
|r (t)|
2(2t + 1)3/2
< t < .

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Assignment 7 (MATH 214 B1)

The solutions are t = 1 or t = 3. When t = 1, we have x = 2, y = 0, and z = 4;

We have r (t) = et (sin t + cos t) i + et j + et (cos t sin t) k. At t = 0, r (0) = i + j + k.

[et (sin t + cos t)]2 + [et ]2 + [et (cos t sin t)]2 =

Hence, the unit tangent vector is

3. The helix r1 (t) = cos t i + sin t j + t k intersects the curve r2 (t) = (1 + t) i + t2 j + t3 k

(2e2t )2 + [e2t (2 sin t + cos t)]2 + [e2t (2 cos t sin t)]2 dt

4 + 4 sin2 t 4 sin t cos t + cos2 t + 4 cos2 t + 4 cos t sin t + sin2 t dt

The length of the curve is

5. Calculate the curvature (t) of the given curve.

(b) r(t) = t2 i + (1 + 2t) j + (3 t2 ) k, < t < .

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