SRJIS/BIMONTHLY/S.

MENAGA (1973-1981)

A STUDY ON ACADEMIC STRESS OF HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

S. Menaga, Full-time Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of Education,Institute of Advanced
Study in Education (Autonomous),Saidapet, Chennai 600 015, India, Tamil Nadu.
V. Chandrasekaran, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Department of Education,

Institute of

Advanced Study in Education (Autonomous), Saidapet, Chennai 600 015, India, Tamil Nadu.

Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to reduce the Academic Stress of higher secondary students
and find out the differences if any in terms of Gender, Type of Family, Type of School
Management, Family Income and Stream of Study. The samples for the study comprised of 250
higher secondary school students in Thiruvannamalai District. Survey method was adopted and
simple random sampling technique was used to carry out the present research. The investigator
has used descriptive and differential statistical methods for analyzing the collected data. It was
found that there is significant difference in the Academic Stress of higher secondary students in
relation to their Gender, Type of Family, Type of School Management and further there is no
significant difference in the Academic Stress of higher secondary students in relation to their
Family Income and Stream of Study. The findings could be useful for the students to know their
level of stress and they can take up necessary and sufficient practices to reduce their Academic
Stress.
Keywords: Academic Stress, Sufficient Practices, Challenges.
Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com 4.194, 2013 SJIF
SRJIS 2014

Introduction
Stress is a word derived from the Latin word stringere, meaning to draw tight, and was
used in the seventeenth century to describe hardship and affliction. Stress is any situation that
evokes negative thoughts and feelings in a person. The same situation is not evocative or
SEPT-OCTOBER, 2014. VOL-II/XIV

www.srjis.com

Page 1973

SRJIS/BIMONTHLY/S. MENAGA (1973-1981)

stressful for all people and all people do not experience the same negative thoughts and feelings
when stressed. One model that is useful in understanding stress among students is Person Environment Model (PEM). According to one variation of this model, stressful events can be
appraised by an individual as "challenging" or "threatening" (Lazarus, 1996). When students
appraise their education is seen as a threat, however, stress can elicit feelings of helplessness and
a foreboding sense of loss. A critical issue concerning stress among students is its effect of
learning. The postulates (Yerkes - Dodson Low, 1908; cited in Whitman, 1985) that individuals
under low and high stress learn the least and laboratory tests support the notion that excessive
stress is harmful to student's performance.
Sources of Stress
(A) Psychological Sources: i. Adaptation, ii. Frustration, iii. Overload iv. Self - perception,
v. Behavior, Anxiety, lack of control.
(B) Physiological Sources: i. Nutrition and vitamin deficiency, ii. Over-eating and under-eating,
iii. Smoking, noise and techno stress.
Types of Stress: (a) Short term stress and (b) Long term stress. As adolescents are the vital part
of country, they have a great responsibility. It is rightly said that youth can make or mar the
future of the nation. Youth is the backbone of society. They are full of vigor and enthusiasm, but
if they are not properly guided and educated, they can prove to be a disaster. I am stressed out
is a phrase that has been echoed by teens down through the ages. Adolescence can be a stressful
time for children, parents and adults who work with teens. Many also worry about moving from
a middle or junior high school to secondary school level.
Operational Definitions
Stress
Stress is a reaction to a change or a strain. The change or strain can be primarily physical,
such as having an illness or an injury. It can also be primarily emotional, such as being worries,
upset, anxious or depressed. Everyone has lots of small stress every day. Stress affects most
people in some way.
Academic stress
Academic Stress is the anxiety and stress that comes from schooling and education. There
is often a lot of pressure that comes along with pursuing a degree and one's education. There is
SEPT-OCTOBER, 2014. VOL-II/XIV

www.srjis.com

Page 1974

SRJIS/BIMONTHLY/S. MENAGA (1973-1981)

studying, homework, tests, labs, reading and quizzes. There is the stress of doing all of their
work, balancing their time and finding time for their extracurricular activities. Academic stress is
especially hard on college students who are often living away from home for the first time.
Review on Academic Stress
Endler et. al, 1994, Chona, (1995) stated that, Stress makes a significant contribution to
the prediction of subsequent performances and acts as a negative predictor of academic
performance in school children. We react to our environment with different degrees of intensity;
in 20th century with anxiety and in the present century with stress. In an academic situation, such
as school, a student reacts in the form of mental distress to an anticipated frustration associated
with failure in annual examination or even to the awareness of the possibility of such failure
(Gupta & Khan, 1987). Academic Stress among students have long been researched on, and
researchers have identified stressors as too many assignments, competitions with other students,
failures and poor relationships with other students or lecturers (Fair brother & Warn, 2003).
Academic stressors include the student's perception of the extensive knowledge base required
and the perception of an inadequate time to develop it (Carveth et. al, 1996). Assessment is very
important aspect of understanding and managing stress and its complications. Being a subjective
experience, stress can be better assessed through self-report of the concerned individual. In his
study an effort has been made to develop a self-administered scale for assessing academic stress
and to standardize it on high school student population. Lazarus & Folkman, (1984), Stress is a
consequence of a person's appraisal process i.e., whether personal resources are sufficient to
meet the demands of the environment. So it is determined by Person - Environment Fit.
Statement of the Problem
The present study is entitled as "A Study on Academic Stress among higher secondary
School Students".
Objectives of the study
To find out whether any significant difference exists in the Academic Stress among higher
secondary school students with respect to their:
(i) Gender, (ii) Stream of Study, (iii) Type of School Management, (iv) Type of Family and
(v) Family Income.

SEPT-OCTOBER, 2014. VOL-II/XIV

www.srjis.com

Page 1975

SRJIS/BIMONTHLY/S. MENAGA (1973-1981)

Hypotheses: There is no significant difference in the Academic Stress with respect to the
following background variables: i) Gender, (ii) Stream of Study, (iii) Type of School
Management, (iv) Type of Family and (v) Family Income.
Method
Survey method is adopted for this study.
Tools used in the study
In the present study, the investigator has used the standardized tool namely 'Academic
Stress' developed by the A.O. Busari (2011). It has five-point Likert scale with 40 statements.
Sample of the Study
About 250 samples were collected from the selected population. Higher secondary
students from different Government and Private Schools in and around Thiruvannamalai District
were taken into consideration as the sample for the present study. Random Sampling technique
was adopted to collect the data for the present study.
Statistical Techniques Used
In the present study, following statistical techniques were used:
1. Descriptive Analysis (Mean, Standard Deviation)
2. Differential Analysis (t-values, F-ratio)
Analysis and Interpretation of the Data
The data is analyzed using SPSS package. The collected data were subjected to statistical
analysis. The mean and standard deviation for the variable academic stress scores were computed
for the entire sample.
Testing of Hypotheses
Hypothesis 1: There is no significant difference in the Academic Stress of the higher secondary
school students with regard to their Gender.
TABLE: 1: Showing the Mean, S.D and 't' - Value of higher secondary school students
Academic Stress with regard to Gender
Gender

Mean

SD

t - value

Level of
Significance

Male

118

152.85

42.04

4.0333

Significant

SEPT-OCTOBER, 2014. VOL-II/XIV

www.srjis.com

Page 1976

SRJIS/BIMONTHLY/S. MENAGA (1973-1981)

Female

132

132.41

38.09

It is inferred from the above table that there is significant difference in the Academic
Stress of the higher secondary school students with regard to their Gender.
Hypothesis 2: There is no significant difference in the Academic Stress of the higher secondary
school students with regard to their Stream of Study.
TABLE: 2: Showing the Mean, S.D and 't' - Value of higher secondary school students
Academic Stress with regard to their Stream of Study
Stream of
Study

Mean

SD

Arts group

129

141.18

49.27

Science group

121

144.15

t value

Level of
Significance

0.4793

Not
Significant

48.65

It is inferred from the above table that there is no significant difference in the Academic
Stress of the higher secondary school students with regard to their Stream of Study.
Hypothesis 3: There is no significant difference in the Academic Stress of the higher secondary
school students with regard to their Type of family.
TABLE: 3: Showing the Mean, S.D and 't' - Value of higher secondary school students
Academic Stress with regard to their Type of Family
Type of
Family

Mean

SD

Nuclear
family

163

137.25

52.66

Joint family

87

152.67

t value

Level of
Significance

2.3969

Significant

39.27

It is inferred from the above table that there is significant difference in the academic
stress of the higher secondary school students with regard to their Type of family.
Hypothesis 4: There is no significant difference in the Academic Stress of the higher
secondary school students with regard to their Type of School.

SEPT-OCTOBER, 2014. VOL-II/XIV

www.srjis.com

Page 1977

SRJIS/BIMONTHLY/S. MENAGA (1973-1981)

TABLE: 4: Showing the Mean, S.D and 't' Value of higher secondary school students
Academic Stress with regard to their Type of School Management
Type of School
Management
Govt. School

Mean

127

SD

151.6

Level of
Significance

t value

42.04
2.1294

Private School

123

162.8

Significant

41.09

It is inferred from the above table that there is significant difference in the Academic
Stress of the higher secondary school students with regard to their Type of School.
Hypothesis 1: There is no significant difference in the Academic Stress of the higher
secondary school students with regard to their Family Income.
TABLE: 5: Showing the group difference of higher secondary school students Academic
Stress with regard to their Family Income
Sources of
Variance

Sum of squares

Between Groups
Within Groups
Total

1242.5742

df
2

594029.5875

247

595272.1617

249

Mean of
squares

F Ratio

Level of
Significance

0.2583

Not
Significant

621.2871
2404.9781

It is inferred from the above table that there is no significant difference in the Academic
Stress of the higher secondary school students with regard to their Family Income.
Major Findings
1. There is significant difference in the Academic Stress of the higher secondary school students
with regard to their Gender.
2. There is no significant difference in the Academic Stress of the higher secondary school
students with regard to their Stream of Study.
SEPT-OCTOBER, 2014. VOL-II/XIV

www.srjis.com

Page 1978

SRJIS/BIMONTHLY/S. MENAGA (1973-1981)

3. There is significant difference in the Academic Stress of the higher secondary school students
with regard to their Type of Family.
4. There is significant difference in the Academic Stress of the higher secondary school students
with regard to their Type of School Management.
5. There is no significant difference in the Academic Stress of the higher secondary school
students with regard to their Family Income.
Suggestion for Further Research

The present study has focused only on the higher secondary students. Similar studies
would be conducted with high school students as well as college students.

The method of teaching plays an important role in Academic Stress, as the teaching
method would reduce Academic Stress. The family and School Environment would also
be studied.

Educational Implications
Academic Stress of students is found to be a considerable factor of Academic
Achievement. The overall Academic Stress consists of learning difficulties, attitude towards
school, time management, exam stress, peer group relation. The school should arrange the
necessary environmental conditions to reduce the students Academic Stress. The teachers
should concentrate in reducing the Academic Stress by grabbing the individual attention of the
students while handling the respective classes. The education given in the classroom should
reflect the application of life skills which enables them to face this highly competitive world. It
should not be conducted only in the view point of examinations.
Conclusion
Boys have less Academic Stress than girls. The students belonging to Private Schools
have high Academic Stress than the Government Schools. Stress can be positive or negative.
Stress can be positive when the situation offers an opportunity for a person who faces social,
physical, organizational and emotional problems. This is a great challenge for present generation
learners in education. Stress is positive when the person feels stimulated and able to manage the
situation. This positive response prepares the body for action and activates the higher thinking
centers of the brain. Academic Stress has a close association in the attainment Academic

SEPT-OCTOBER, 2014. VOL-II/XIV

www.srjis.com

Page 1979

SRJIS/BIMONTHLY/S. MENAGA (1973-1981)

Achievement. Therefore, every attempt should be made to create a stress free environment at the
institutional level among the students.
References
Frazin, P.A. & Schauhan, L.S. (1994). Stress life Events and Psychological Adjustment
among College students. Measurement

& Evaluation in Counseling and

Development, 27, 1, 280-292.

Fair brother, K. & Warn, J. (2003). Workplace Dimensions, Stress and Job Satisfaction, J.
Managerial Psychol. 18(1): 8-21.
Carveth, J.A., Gesse, T., & Moss, N. (1996). Survival strategies for nurse-midwifery
students. Journal of Nurse-Midwifery, 41(1), 50-54.
Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal and Coping. New York:
Springer
http://bcmcollege.blogspot.in/2010_09_01_archive.htmls.
http://www.psychwiki.com/dms/other/labgroup/Measufsdfsdbger345resWeek1/Mario/Ang20
06.pdf.
Gupta & Khan (1987): A study of the effect of the trait, anxiety, Psychological Stress and
Intelligence onstate and performance, Indian D. Abstract July-Sept, 1988, 360-365.
Mohan Gupta*, 2Renu Gupta, 3Subhash Chandra Mishra and 4Seema Sharma VSRD-TNTJ,
Vol. 2 (7), 2011, 320-325

Mohan Gupta et. al/ VSRD Technical & Non-Technical

Journal Vol. 2 (7), 2011.

Purna Prabhakar Nandamuri1 and Gowthami sources of academic stress a study on
management students,Ch2 Page 31 of 12.
Denise E, Judith W, Herrman. Adolescent stresses through the eyes ofhigh-Risk teens.
Paediatric nursing 2008; 34(5): 375-380.
http://www.positive-changes-coach.com/types-of-stress.html
NUJHS Vol. 4, No.1, March 2014, ISSN 2249-7110 Nitte University Journal of Health
Science.

SEPT-OCTOBER, 2014. VOL-II/XIV

www.srjis.com

Page 1980

SRJIS/BIMONTHLY/S. MENAGA (1973-1981)

Nikitha, S. Tessy Treesa Jose & Blessy PrabhaValsaraj, A correlational study on academic
stress and self -esteem among higher secondary students in selected schools of udupi
district.
Dr. Uday K. Sinha1, Dr. Vibha Sharma & Dr. Mahendra Development of a scale for
assessing academic stress: a preliminary report, Journal of the Institute of Medicine
2001; 23: 105 102.
http://education.jhu.edu/PD/newhorizons/strategies/topics/Keeping%20Fit%20for%20Learni
ng/stress.html.
http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/1981769?uid=3738256&uid=2&uid=4&sid=2110471
5407953.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0147176781900456.

SEPT-OCTOBER, 2014. VOL-II/XIV

www.srjis.com

Page 1981