Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 253 views

    Ceramic Raw Material Preparation

    Uploaded by

    Harish Kuppusamy
    This document discusses the preparation of ceramic powders from raw ceramic materials. There are two main methods for processing ceramic powders: chemical processing using products of chemical reactions, and mechanical preparation which involves direct contact between particles through grinding, milling, or crushing. Mechanical preparation methods can include roll crushing, ball milling, or hammer milling. Ball milling works by rotating a cylinder with hard balls that impact and grind the ceramic particles. The size and shape of the resulting powder depends on the processing method used.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Ceramic Raw Material Preparation

    Uploaded by

    Harish Kuppusamy
    253 views3 pages
    This document discusses the preparation of ceramic powders from raw ceramic materials. There are two main methods for processing ceramic powders: chemical processing using products of chemical reactions, and mechanical preparation which involves direct contact between particles through grinding, milling, or crushing. Mechanical preparation methods can include roll crushing, ball milling, or hammer milling. Ball milling works by rotating a cylinder with hard balls that impact and grind the ceramic particles. The size and shape of the resulting powder depends on the processing method used.

    Original Description:

    ceramics

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses the preparation of ceramic powders from raw ceramic materials. There are two main methods for processing ceramic powders: chemical processing using products of chemical reactions, and mechanical preparation which involves direct contact between particles through grinding, milling, or crushing. Mechanical preparation methods can include roll crushing, ball milling, or hammer milling. Ball milling works by rotating a cylinder with hard balls that impact and grind the ceramic particles. The size and shape of the resulting powder depends on the processing method used.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    253 views3 pages

    Ceramic Raw Material Preparation

    Uploaded by

    Harish Kuppusamy
    This document discusses the preparation of ceramic powders from raw ceramic materials. There are two main methods for processing ceramic powders: chemical processing using products of chemical reactions, and mechanical preparation which involves direct contact between particles through grinding, milling, or crushing. Mechanical preparation methods can include roll crushing, ball milling, or hammer milling. Ball milling works by rotating a cylinder with hard balls that impact and grind the ceramic particles. The size and shape of the resulting powder depends on the processing method used.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Lecture 3.

    3: Ceramic powder preparation

    The processing of raw ceramics into ceramic products requires the preparation of ceramic
    powders. The application and quality of the product defines the type of powder preparation
    required. The application spectrum of ceramics ranges from household items to space-shuttle.
    The raw materials for powder preparation are generally natural minerals such as Quartz, Zircon,
    fireclay. The raw materials need to be processed in order to convert them into the desired
    products with special characteristics. The type and nature of processing may be different for
    different products and applications.

    Characteristics of powders
    Every raw material should possess some desirable characteristics for further processing. Some of
    the important characteristics of powders which define the quality of the final ceramic product
    should be kept in mind. Desirable characteristics depend upon the quality of product and
    application.
    These characteristics are:
    Chemical composition
    Phase composition
    Particle size
    Particle size distribution
    Particle shape
    Agglomeration

    Ceramic powder processing
    Ceramic powder processing can be broadly divided into two categories. One is chemical
    processing of powders using the products of chemical reaction which are in the form of powders.
    Second processing technique is mechanical preparation methods in which a direct contact of
    particles takes place with some agents (such as Grinding /milling).



    Mechanical preparation method: Milling/Crushing/Grinding
    Mechanical preparation method involves crushing, milling in a ball mill or grinding ceramic raw
    materials into small particles. A ball mill is a machine with a rotating hollow cylinder partly
    filled with steel or white cast iron balls. Depending on the powder amount and the powder
    properties, different types of mills are used for dry and wet grinding.

    Ball Milling
    Ball Mill grinds a material by rotating a cylinder with hard balls, causing them to fall back into
    the cylinder and onto the material to be ground. The impact of balls is important for reduction in
    size of the particles. Ball milling is mostly used for brittle materials. The diameter of the mill
    decides the speed of the mill. Generally, the rotational speed does not exceed 20 RPM. Diameter
    of cylinder is inversely proportional to the rotational speed. The larger the diameter, the slower
    the rotation. If the speed is too high, it begins to act like a centrifuge and the balls do not fall
    back, but stay on the perimeter of the mill. Figure 1 shows the schematic of various mechanisms
    of crushing the ceramic powder. These are roll crushing (figure 1a), ball mill (figure 1b) and
    hammer milling (figure 1c).
    In roll crushing method, there are basically two rollers; one is fixed roller and the other is
    adjustable roller on which the lumps of ceramic raw material are dropped through hopper. When
    roller starts rotating, the raw material is pressed inside the roller as shown in figure 1a and fine
    particles of ceramic powder are obtained on the other side. The size of the powder can be varied
    as per the requirement. This can be done by changing the space between the rollers through
    adjustable roller using adjustable screw.
    In case of ball milling as shown in figure 1b, black sphere represents balls of some harder
    material and the green balls represent the ceramic particles. The ball mill rotates continuously
    and the collision between harder balls and ceramic particles occurs repeatedly and ceramic
    powder is prepared.
    In hammer milling process, a hammer is rotated inside the chamber and large size lumps of raw
    ceramic are crushed into very fine ceramic powder. As shown in the figure 1c, there is a grain
    hopper from where raw material is moved into the chamber through delivery device. There are
    four independent hammers attached to the rotor. Raw material is hammered down and fine
    ceramic powder is taken away.




    Figure 1 Mechanical preparation method, to obtain ceramic particles: (a) roll crushing (b) ball
    mill and (c) hammer milling

    You might also like