Literature Test/exam

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"Caedmon's Hymn"

Earliest surviving English poem Begins and ends with praise to God Illustrates techniques common in Anglosaxon poetry Variation Periphrasis Illustrates unity and progression o A man and his wife make a deal that whoever talks next will get up and bar the door. It wasn't until robbers threatened to kill him and rape his wife did the man finally speak. Robin Hood escapes the sheriff who he hands and the three sons escape.

16.

Beowulf

74.

"Get Up and Bar the Door"

Part 1 - emphasizes fortitude in youth Beowulf fights Grendel with pure physical strength Beowulf fights grendel's mother with the help of a weapon Part 2 - emphasizes prudence in age Beowulf fights the dragon with the help of his friends led by Wiglaf Is the ballad simple in verse form? Is there an example of an injustice? What dramatic elements exist in the ballad? What story does it tell? Are there examples of irony, specifically understatement? An example of an incantatory (can be sung) element such as refrain or repetition. Strong national hero Conflict between good and evil Elements of the supernatural Written in lofty language Traditionally didactic in their approach Two types of epics: folk (the real thing) and literary (imitation of the real thing) vernacular Similarities o Both had the patronage of John of Gaunt o Both used the vernacular o Both were critical of the corruption of the church o Contemporaries Differences o Purposes: Wycliffe - spiritual Chaucer - more literary o Perspective: Wycliffe - personality Chaucer - more detached o Long term effect Wycliffe - great man of God Chaucer - chief poet of the age had an ulcer on his leg Invader. King Canute - took on the English culture

69.

Characteristics of a ballad

73.

"Robin Hood and the Widow's Three Sons" "Sir Patrick Spens" "The Twa Corbies" "The Wife of Usher's Well" 3 questions to ask when encountering objectionable elements 3 reasons why we study British literature Alfred, Lord Tennyson Ambrosius Angles (middle) and Saxons (south)

70.

o An ill-fated 13th century voyage bringing a Scottish princess to her wedding with the King of Norway o The birds prepare to dine on a body, concealed behind a turf wall, of one who died for no such noble cause o A grief stricken mother is visited by, or dreams of, or crazily imagines the appearance of the spirits of her 3 sons. Is it gratuitous? Is it explicit? What is the moral tone?

17.

characteristics of an epic

71.

72.

77.

31.

common language of the people Compare and contrast Wycliffe and Chaucer

30.

76.

Because of our common language Because of our common heritage Because of an uncommon influence on world literature wrote The Idylls of the King welsh chieftain who fought the Saxons Invader. Englaland - Englisc Resistance from Ambrosius (King Arthur?) and the Celts United briefly under Alfred the Great (871899) A History of early England Begun during the 9th century Continued by monks until the 12th century Contents cover from the birth of Christ until the reign of Henry II (1154) welsh chieftain who defeated the Saxons
44. 2.

66.

56. 5.

12.

The AngloSaxon Chronicle

cook Danes

57.

Arthur

20.

dates and their significances

476- 1300/1492 European Middle Ages 450 - 1485 British Middle Ages 450 - Coming of the Germanic Tribes 1485 - ascension of the 1st Tudor, Henry VII 450 - 1066 - Old English Period East Midland Dialect

10.

Germanic Great Britain

primary influence in everyday life vocabulary

7.

23.

Dominant dialect of the Middle English Period Ecclesiastical History of the English People

14.

by Bede o His close ties with the Catholic Church as a monk are evident in his support of Catholic doctrine o His work is significant as a source of info about life in Anglo-Saxon England, especially as it relates to the growth of the Church in England.

includes England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland

Guildsman

6.

England
64.

representation of commercial expertise with desire for personal prestige named firstborn son Arthur; he died before he became king Caesura Kennings Alliteration Variation Litote - understatement Thematic element of comitatus Mixture of wyrd and providence Parallel systems Civil - administered by the kind Canon - administered by the church Major principles Trial by jury Rule of precedent No taxation without representation Norman Invasion - 1066 Norman European campaigns Crusades - 1095-1291 100 Years' War - 13371453 War of Roses - 1455-1485 (Battle of Bosworth Field established the Tudor Dynasty) Long bow Gun powder 5th amendment rights Invader. settled in Kent Anglo-Saxon heroic ideal mature experience

Henry VII How epics reflect characteristics of Anglo-Saxon literature

18.

26.

How the English parliament began

just the central part of Britain (picture excluding Wales and Scotland)
78.

Four standards for evaluating literature

Mimetic - considers the reality at least on some level: is it authentic? true-to-life? believable? Didactic - considers the lessons taught Aesthetic - considers the technical merits of the work Scriptural - considers the work in light of God's word. social expertise with desire for prestige of possession language of government and society lust of the flesh good knight 1135: added elements to the legend: Arthur, a young Norman boy aged 15 Merlin, the magician-advisor Marriage to Guinevere Betrayal by Mordred

21.

important battles

42.

Franklin French Friar Galahad Geoffrey of Monmouth

11. 38. 62. 59.

22.

innovations in warfare Judicial reforms of Henry II Jutes Knight

24.

4. 33.

61. 9.

Lancelot Latin Lawyer

Arthur's best knight 60% of english language; primarily religious influence seemed to be something other than what he was legal expertise with desire for professional prestige Camelot Primary document in English law 1215 King John was forced to sign the charter by angry nobles. Signed at Runnymede the business administrator for the lawyer's college

28.

significance of Crusades Significance of Feudalism

king richard fought in them; spread Christianity Came with the Normans from France Concept that all belongs to the king Vassals swear fealty to their lords in exchange for the lord's protection Investiture - the knight protects the lord Feudalism also set up societal levels o Those who pray - the church o Those who fought - the lords and vassals o Those who work - the serfs 1/3 of the population died Nursery rhyme "Ring Around the Roses" wrote The Frairie Queen His work unified all the legends into one work His work portrayed Arthur as an ideal knight To improve our reading ability to read the Bible better To develop discernment & judgment To develop understanding & insight into the nature of man & society To add points of contact for witnessing to unbelievers To help us take dominion To be more Christ like murderous pirate immature potential pilgrimage was a field trip for him speaks Latin only when drunk The Once and Future King Closing one's eyes invites trouble Talking too much causes trouble Anti-heathen - monks Anti-Norman (French) resentment against norman invasion includes all of the British isles added the Round Table and ideas of courtly romance

29.

41.

68. 25.

Lerner and Lowe Magna Carta

51.

Manciple Merchant Miller monk Nennius

27. 39.

financial attainment never introduced himself "A squat-shouldered lump of sins" lust of the eyes (materialism) monk who wrote a chronicle of history and legend which portrayed Arthur as a courageous hero who slew over 160 men alone at the Battle of Badon Invader. 1066 - William of Normandy - the last successful invasion of Britain represents false mercy sold "holy" relics not a satirical character probably representative of Wycliffe represents legal crook had no satire represents phileo love (brotherly) represents the pride of life showed more compassion for animals than humans the manor cheat rode at the back of the crowd Invader. as early as 55 BC with Julius Caesar - left roads, cities, buildings, and a system of government. Hadrian's Wall ballad
8. 60. 45. 34. 40. 53. 67. 55. 65. 63.

significance of the Black Death Sir Edmund Spenser Sir Thomas Malory

50. 37. 58.

75.

Six reasons why we study literature

3.

Normans

54.

Pardoner Parson Physician Plowman prioress

48.

46. 49.

Skipper Squire Student Summoner T.H. White Two morals of "A Nun's Priest's Tale" and its genre: Two pervasive tones of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle United Kingdom Wace

36.

52.

Reeve Romans

1.

13.

19.

short form of oral literature; didactic and entertaining; used to give speech to inanimate objects

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Why pilgrimage was a good setting for Chaucer's Canterbury Tales

Allows for a microcosm of society to be together in one setting Gives credibility for linking the tales in one work Moves the work along authority on married love (Eros) superstitious peasant

47. 35.

Worthy woman Yeoman