TECHNICAL DATA

CONTENTS

STEEL FLANGE BOLT CHART

MECHANICAL JOINTS T-HEAD BOLT CHART

FLANGE THICKNESS CHARTS PAGES 1 & 2

GASKET DIMENSIONS

WRENCH SIZE CHARTS

DECIMAL CONVERSION CHART

INSUSTRY STANDARDS

HEX BOLTS AND NUTS

HEAVY HEX BOLTS AND NUTS

WASHERS PAGES 1 & 2

WATER WORKS T-HEAD BOLTS

OVAL NECK TRACK BOLTS

A325 BOLTS

COATINGS

PROPER FLANGE BOLTING PAGES 1 & 2

A DIVISION
475 KLUG CIRCLE CORONA, CA 92880-6406
(951) 280-4488 FAX: (951) 272-4445

OF

TRIPAC MARKETING, INC.

STEEL FLANGE BOLT CHART

CLASS
150 LB

Chart may be used for:

C110 DIP/DIP E4 x E4
E4 x (valve) in some cases

PIPE
QTY OF
DIAMETER BOLTS
1"
4
1 1/4"
4
1 1/2"
4
2"
4
2 1/2"
4
3"
4
4"
8
5"
8
6"
8
8"
8
10"
12
12"
12
14"
12
16"
16
18"
16
20"
20
22"
20
24"
20
30"
28
36"
32
42"
36
48"
44
54"
44
60"
52
72"
60
84"
64
96"
68
108"
72

BOLT SIZE
1/2 -

13 x 1 3/4"
1/2 - 13 x 2"
1/2 - 13 x 2"
5/8 - 11 x 2 1/4"
5/8 - 11 x 2 1/2"
5/8 - 11 x 2 1/2"
5/8 - 11 x 3"
3/4 - 10 x 3"
3/4 - 10 x 3 1/4 "
3/4 - 10 x 3 1/2 "
7/8 - 9 x 3 3/4"
7/8 - 9 x 4"
1 - 8 x 4 1/4"
1 - 8 x 4 1/2"
1 1/8 - 7 x 4 3/4"
1 1/8 - 7 x 5"
1 1/4 - 7 x 5 1/2"
1 1/4 - 7 x 5 1/2"
1 1/4 - 7 x 6 1/4"
1 1/2 - 6 x 7"
1 1/2 - 6 x 7 1/2 "
1 1/2 - 6 x 7 3/4"
1 3/4 - 5 x 8 1/2"
1 3/4 - 5 x 8 3/4"
1 3/4 - 5 x 9 1/2"
2 - 4.5 x 10 1/2 "
2 1/4 - 4.5 x 11 1/2"
2 1/2 - 4 x 14"

CLASS
300 LB

PIPE
QTY OF
DIAMETER BOLTS
1"
4
1 1/4"
4
1 1/2"
4
2"
8
2 1/2"
8
3"
8
3 1/2"
8
4"
8
5"
8
6"
12
8"
12
10"
16
12"
16
14"
20
16"
20
18"
24
20"
24
24"
24
30"
28
36"
32
42"
36
48"
40

Table 6

FxF

BOLT SIZE
5/8 -

11 x 2 1/2"
5/8 -11 x 2 1/2"
5/8-11 x 2 3/4"
5/8 - 11 x 2 3/4"
3/4 - 10 x 3 1/4 "
3/4 - 10 x 3 1/2 "
3/4 - 10 x 3 1/2 "
3/4 - 10 x 3 3/4"
3/4 - 10 x 4"
3/4 - 10 x 4"
7/8 - 9 x 4 1/2 "
1 - 8 x 5 1/4"
1 1/8 - 7 x 5 1/2"
1 1/8 - 7 x 6"
1 1/4 - 7 x 6 1/4"
1 1/4 - 7 x 6 1/2"
1 1/4 - 7 x 6 3/4"
1 1/2 - 6 x 7 3/4"
1 3/4 - 5 x 8 1/2"
2 - 4.5 x 9 1/2"
2 - 4.5 x 10 1/4"
2 - 4.5 x 10 3/4"

T-HEAD BOLTING CHART

AWWA C110
MECHANICAL JOINTS

NOM
PIPE
SIZE

NO.
BOLTS

DIAMETER
& LENGTH

5/8 X 3

5/8 X 3

3/4 X 3 1/2

3/4 X 3 1/2

3/4 X 4

10

3/4 X 4

12

3/4 X 4

14

10

3/4 X 4 1/2

16

12

3/4 X 4 1/2

18

12

3/4 X 4 1/2

20

14

3/4 X 4 1/2

24

16

3/4 X 5

30

20

1X6

36

24

1X6

42

28

1 1/4 X 6

48

32

1 1/4 x 6

TRIPAC FASTENERS IS A MEMBER OF THE AWWA AND HAS THE TECHNICAL

EXPERTISE TO ASSIST YOU IN SELECTING THE PROPER MATERIALS FOR YOU
NEEDS. CALL OR FAX FOR QUOTES, ADITIONAL INFORMATION, SPECIAL
ORDERS OR FOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.

A DIVISION
475 KLUG CIRCLE CORONA, CA 92880-6406
(951) 280-4488 FAX: (951) 272-4445

OF

TRIPAC MARKETING, INC.

FLANGE THICKNESS CHARTS

Steel Pipe Flanges For Waterworks Service
125/150

* Information extracted from

AWWA C207-94
NOM PIPE
SIZE

BOLT
SIZE

1
1 1/2
2
2 1/2
3
4
5
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
24
30
36
42
48
54
60
66
72
84
90
96
102
108
120
144

1/2
1/2
5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8
3/4
3/4
3/4
7/8
7/8
1
1
1 1/8
1 1/8
1 1/4
1 1/4
1 1/2
1 1/2
1 1/2
1 3/4
1 3/4
1 3/4
1 3/4
2
2 1/4
2 1/4
2 1/2
2 1/2
2 3/4
3 1/4

* Table 4 may be used for valve

thickness calculation in some cases
TABLE 2

CLASS
E

ANSI
SLIP ON
FLANGE

CLASS
B

CLASS
B

CLASS
D

1.125
1.188
1.313
1.500
1.563
1.750
1.875
2.000
2.125
2.375
2.625
2.875
3.125
3.125
3.500
3.750
3.875
4.250
4.375
4.750
5.125
5.125
5.500
5.500
5.875
6.750

0.563
0.688
0.750
0.875
0.938
0.938
0.938
1.000
1.125
1.188
1.250
1.375
1.438
1.562
1.688
1.875
2.125
2.375
2.375

0.625
0.625
0.688
0.688
0.688
0.688
0.688
0.688
0.688
0.688
0.750
0.875
1.000
1.125
1.250
1.375
1.500
1.625
1.750
2.000
2.250
2.250
2.500
2.500
2.750
3.250

0.500
0.562
0.562
0.562
0.688
0.688
0.750
0.750
0.750
0.750
1.000
1.000
1.125
1.250
1.375
1.375
1.500
1.500
1.500
1.750
2.000
2.000

0.500
0.562
0.562
0.562
0.688
0.688
0.750
0.750
0.750
0.750
1.000
1.000
1.125
1.250
1.375
1.375
1.500
1.500
1.500
1.750
2.000
2.000

TABLE 2

TABLE 4

TABLE 5

NO. BOLTS

CLASS
D

CLASS
E

4
4
4
4
4
8
8
8
8
12
12
12
16
16
20
20
28
32
36
44
44
52
52
60
64
68
68
72
72
76
84

0.625
0.625
0.688
0.688
0.688
0.812
0.938
1.000
1.062
1.125
1.250
1.375
1.625
1.750
1.875
2.125
2.250
2.500
2.625
2.875
3.000
3.250
3.250
3.375
3.500
4.125

0.938
0.938
1.000
1.125
1.188
1.250
1.375
1.438
1.562
1.688
1.875
2.125
2.375
2.375
2.750
3.000
3.125
3.375
3.500
3.875
4.250
4.250

A DIVISION
475 KLUG CIRCLE CORONA, CA 92880-6406
(951) 280-4488 FAX: (951) 272-4445

OF

TABLE 3

TRIPAC MARKETING, INC.

FLANGE THICKNESS CHARTS

Steel Pipe Flanges For Waterworks Service
125/150
NOM
AWWA C110
AWWA C153
BLIND FLANGES
NO .
PIPE BOLT SIZE
DUCTILE AND GRAY DUCTILE IRON
BOLTS CLASS B CLASS D CLASS E
SIZE
IRON FITTINGS COMPACT FITTINGS
3
5/8
4

0.75 .12 in.

0.60 .12 in.
4
5/8
8
0.625
0.625
1.125
0.94 .12 in.
0.63 .12 in.
6
3/4
8
0.688
0.692
1.313
1.00 .12 in.
0.63 .12 in.
8
3/4
8
0.688
0.805
1.500
1.12 .12 in.
0.70 .12 in.
10
7/8
12
0.688
0.947
1.563
1.19 .12 in.
0.75 .12 in.
12
7/8
12
0.752
1.110
1.750
1.25 .12 in.
0.81 .12 in.
14
1
12
0.835
1.127
1.875
1.38 .19 in.
0.87 .19 in.
16
1
16
0.941
1.258
2.000
1.44 .19 in.
0.90 .19 in.
18
1 1/8
16
1.013
1.326
2.125
1.56 .19 in.
0.93 .19 in.
20
1 1/8
20
1.108
1.442
2.375
1.69 .19 in.
0.96 .19 in.
24
1 1/4
20
1.275
1.657
2.625
1.88 .19 in.
1.00 .19 in.
30
1 1/4
28
1.530
2.003
2.875
2.12 .25 in. 2.12 .25 in.
36
1 1/2
32
1.834
2.369
3.344
2.38 .25 in.
2.38 .25 in.
42
1 1/2
36
2.084
2.725
3.789
2.62 .25 in.
2.62 .25 in.
48
1 1/2
44
2.341
3.067
4.246
2.75 .25 in.
2.75 .25 in.
54
1 3/4
44
2.634
3.431
4.776

60
1 3/4
52
2.892
3.774
5.236

66
1 3/4
52
3.139
4.132
5.674

72
1 3/4
60
3.399
4.476
6.137

250/300
NOM PIPE
SIZE
1
1 1/2
2
2 1/2
3
4
5
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
24
30
36
42
48

BOLT SIZE

NO. BOLTS

5/8
3/4
5/8
3/4
3/4
3/4
3/4
3/4
7/8
1
1 1/8
1 1/8
1 1/4
1 1/4
1 1/4
1 1/2
1 3/4
2
2
2

4
4
8
8
8
8
8
12
12
16
16
20
20
24
24
24
28
32
36
40

TABLE 6
CLASS F

1.130
1.210
1.310
1.310
1.500
1.630
1.940
2.140
2.250
2.330
2.690
3.150
3.460
3.810
4.500

ANSI SLIP ON
FLANGES
0.688
0.813
0.875
1.000
1.125
1.250
1.375
1.438
1.625
1.875
2.000
2.125
2.250
2.375
2.500
2.750

A DIVISION

475 KLUG CIRCLE CORONA, CA 92880-6406

(951) 280-4488 FAX: (951) 272-4445

OF

BLIND FLANGES
CLASS F

1.125

1.316
1.316
1.534
1.730
1.938
2.139
2.294
2.401
2.799
3.419
4.017
4.450
4.991

TRIPAC MARKETING, INC.

ANSI GASKET DIMENSIONS

ANSI GASKET SIZE
CL 125/150

Flange
Size

RING
ID

RING
OD

FULL FACE
ID

FULL FACE
OD

2 3/8

4 1/8

2 3/8

2 1/2

2 7/8

4 7/8

2 7/8

3 1/2

5 3/8

3 1/2

7 1/2

4 /2

6 7/8

4 1/2

5 9/16

7 3/4

5 9/16

10

6 5/8

8 3/4

6 5/8

11

8 5/8

11

8 5/8

13 1/2

10

10 3/4

13 3/8

10 3/4

16

12

12 3/4

16 1/8

12 3/4

19

14

14

17 3/4

14

21

16

16

20 1/4

16

23 1/2

18

18

21 5/8

18

25

20

20

23 7/8

20

27 1/2

24

24

28 1/4

24

32

30

30

34 3/4

30

38 3/4

36

36

41 1/4

36

46

42

42

48

42

53

48

48

54 1/2

48

59 1/2

A DIVISION
475 KLUG CIRCLE CORONA, CA 92880-6406
(951) 280-4488 FAX: (951) 272-4445

OF

TRIPAC MARKETING, INC.

WRENCH SIZE CHARTS

This chart may be used for

This chart may be used for

HEX Bolts & Nuts A307 Gr. A, Gr. 5,

HEAVY Hex Bolts & Nuts A307 Gr. B,

ASTM F593/F594 Type 304 & 316

BOLT AND NUT
DIAMETER

WRENCH SIZE

1/4
5/16

7/16
1/2

0.4375
0.5000

3/8
7/16

9/16
5/8

0.5625
0.6250

1/2
9/16

3/4
13/16

5/8

A325, A193 B7, B8 (304), B8M (316) Stainless

BOLT AND NUT
DIAMETER

WRENCH SIZE

1/2

7/8

0.8750

5/8

1 1/16

1.0625

3/4

1 1/4

1.2500

0.7500
0.8125

7/8

1 7/16

1.4375

15/16

0.9375

1 5/8

1.6250

3/4
7/8

1 1/8
1 5/16

1.1250
1.3125

1 1/8

1 13/16

1.8125

1 1/2

1.500

1 1/4

2.0000

1 1/8

1 11/16

1.6875

1 1/4

1 7/8

1.8750

1 3/8

2 3/16

2.1875

1 3/8

2 1/16

2.0625

1 1/2

2 3/8

2.3750

1 1/2

2 1/4

2.2500

1 5/8

2 9/16

2.5625

1 5/8

2 7/16

2.4375

1 3/4

2 5/8

2.6250

1 3/4

2 3/4

2.7500

1 7/8

2 13/16

2.8125

1 7/8

2 15/16

2.9375

3.000

2 1/4

3 3/8

3.3750

3 1/8

3.1250

2 1/2

3 3/4

3.7500

2 1/4

3 1/2

3.5000

2 3/4

1 1/8

4.1250

4 1/2

4.5000

2 1/2

3 7/8

3.8750

3 1/4

4 7/8

4.8750

2 3/4

4 1/4

4.2500

3 1/2

5 1/4

5.2500

3 3/4

5 5/8

5.6250

4 5/8

4.6250

6.0000

3 1/4

5.0000

A DIVISION
475 KLUG CIRCLE CORONA, CA 92880-6406
(951) 280-4488 FAX: (951) 272-4445

OF

TRIPAC MARKETING, INC.

DECIMAL CONVERSION CHART

FRACTIONS

DECIMALS

FRACTIONS

DECIMALS

FRACTIONS

DECIMALS

1/64

.015625

23/64

.359375

45/64

.703125

1/32

.03125

3/8

.3750

23/32

.71875

3/64

.046875

25/64

.390625

47/64

.734375

1/16

.0625

13/32

.40625

3/4

.7500

5/64

.078125

27/64

.421875

49/64

.765625

3/32

.09375

7/16

.4375

25/32

.78125

7/64

.109375

29/64

.453125

51/64

.796875

1/8

.1250

15/32

.46875

13/16

.8125

9/64

.140625

31/64

.484375

53/64

.828125

5/32

.15625

1/2

.5000

27/32

.84375

11/64

.171875

33/64

.515625

55/64

.859375

3/16

.1875

17/32

.53125

7/8

.8750

13/64

.203125

35/64

.546875

57/64

.890625

7/32

.21875

9/16

.5625

29/32

.90625

15/64

.234375

37/64

.578125

59/64

.921875

1/4

.2500

19/32

.59375

15.32

.9375

17/64

.265625

39/64

.609375

61/64

.953125

9/32

.28125

5/8

.6250

31/32

.96875

19/64

.296875

41/64

.640625

63/64

.984375

5/16

.3125

21/32

.65625

1.000

21/64

.328125

43/64

.671875

11/32

.34375

11/16

.6875

A DIVISION
475 KLUG CIRCLE CORONA, CA 92880-6406
(951) 280-4488 FAX: (951) 272-4445

OF

TRIPAC MARKETING, INC.

INDUSTRY STANDARDS
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
When strength requirements are moderate, low-carbon
steel is used. High-strength fasteners are made from
medium-high carbon or alloy steels and are heat treated
to develop desired properties.

ASTM & SAE HEAD

MARKINGS FOR BOLTS
ASTMA307
GR A

A307 B

ASTMA307 Low or Medium Carbon Steel

GR B

Most fasteners are covered by specifications that define

required mechanical properties such as tensile strength,
yield strength, proof load and hardness.
Tensile Strength: The maximum tensile stress in
pounds per sq in. which a material is capable of
sustaining, as developed by a tension test.
Yield Strength: The stress at which a material exhibits a specified deviation from the proportionality of
stress to strain. The deviation is expressed in terms
of strain, and in the offset method, usually a strain
of 0.2% is specified.
Proof Load: The point to which a material may be
stressed without evidence of permanent deformation.
Hardness: The resistance of a material to plastic
deformation. Usually measured in steels by the
Brinell, Rockwell, or Vickers indentation-hardness
test methods.

ASTMJ429
GR 5

ASTMA193 Chrom-Moly Steel

GR B7
Quenched & Tempered

A325

ASTMA325 Medium Carbon Steel

Type 1
Quenched & Tempered

Heat treatment covers various techniques that may be

used to develop certain end-product characteristics.
Customary procedures for fasteners include:

Annealing: A thermal cycle involving heating to and

holding at a suitable temperature and then cooling
at a suitable rate, for such purposes as reducing
hardness, improving mechinability, facilitating cold
working, producing a desired microstructure, or
obtaining desired mechanical or other properties.
Case Hardening: A term descriptive of one or more
processes of hardening steel in which the outer
portion, or case, is made substantially harder than
the inner portion, or core.
Quenching and Tempering: Quenching is a thermal
process used to increase the hardness and strength
of steel. Tempering improves ductility and toughness but reduces the quenched hardness.

Medium Carbon Steel

Quenched & Tempered

B7

HEAT PROPERTIES

Stress Relieving: A thermal cycle involving heating

to a suitable temperature, usually 1000/1200F,
holding long enough to reduce residual stresses
from either cold deformation or thermal treatment,
and then cooling slowly enough to minimize the
development of new residual stresses.

Low or Medium Carbon Steel

A307 A

18-8
18 Chromium
8 Nickel

300 Series Stainless Steel

Same Material as T-304

T-304
or
F 593
C or D

ASTMT 304 300 Series Stainless Steel

or
ASTM F 593 Either Marking May Appear

T-316
or
F 593
G or H

ASTMT 316
or
ASTM F 593

300 Series Stainless Steel

Either Marking May Appear

B8

ASTMA193 Solution Treated 304 - 304L

Gr B8
Stainless Steel

B8M

ASTMA193 Solution Treated 316 - 316L

GR B8M
Stainless Steel

A D I V I S I O N OF T RIPAC M A R K E T I N G , IN C .
475 K LUG C IRCLE CORONA, CA 92880-6406
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HEX BOLTS & NUTS

Hex Bolts UNC 2A ANSI/ASME B18.2.1 UNC 2B ANSI/ASME B18.2.2

This chart may be used for

A307 Grade A, SAE J429, and ASTM F593 Type 304 & 316 Stainless
NOMINAL SIZE OR
BASIC BOLT DIA

LT (REF)

BODY
DIA

WIDTH ACROSS
FLATS

WIDTH ACROSS
CORNERS

HEIGHT

RADIUS
OF FILLET

THREAD LENGTH

MAX

BASIC

MAX

MIN

MAX

MIN

BASIC

MAX

MIN

MAX

MIN

FOR BOLT
LENGTH < 6 IN.

FOR BOLT
LENGTH > 6 IN.

1/4
5/16
3/8
7/16

.2500
0.3125
0.3750
0.4375

0.260
0.324
0.388
0.452

7/16
1/2
9/16
5/8

0.438 0.425
0.500 0.484
0.562 0.544
0.625 0.603

0.505
0.577
0.650
0.722

0.484
0.522
0.620
0.687

11/64 0.188 0.150

7/32 0.235 0.195
1/4 0.268 0.226
19/64 0.316 0.272

0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03

0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

0.750
0.875
1.000
1.125

1.000
1.125
1.250
1.375

1/2
5/8
3/4
7/8

0.5000
0.6250
0.7500
0.8750

0.515
0.642
0.768
0.895

3/4
15/16
1 1/8
1

0.750 0.725
0.938 0.906
1.125 1.088
1.312 1.269

0.866
1.083
1.299
1.516

0.826
1.033
1.240
1.447

11/32 0.364 0.302

27/64 0.444 0.378
1/2 0.524 .0455
37/64 0.604 0.531

0.03
0.06
0.06
0.06

0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02

1.250
1.500
1.750
2.000

1.500
1.750
2.000
2.250

1.0000
1.1250
1.2500
1.3750
1.500

1.022
1.149
1.277
1.404
1.531

1 1/2 1.500 1.450 1.732 1.653

1
1.688 1.631 1.949 1.859
1 7/8 1.875 1.812 2.165 2.066
2
2.062 1.994 2.382 2.273
2 1/4 2.250 2.175 2.598 2.480

43/64 0.700 0.591

3/4 0.780 0.658
27/32 0.876 0.749
29/32 0.940 0.810
1
1.036 0.902

0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09

0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03

2.250
2.500
2.750
3.000
3.250

2.500
2.750
3.000
3.250
3.500

1
1
1
1

1
1/8
1/4
3/8
1/2

Below 6 : 2x Dia. + 1/4 = T.L.

Above 6 : 2x Dia. + 1/2 = T.L.

Hex Nuts and Hex Jam Nuts ASTM A563/F594

NOMINAL SIZE OR
BASIC BOLT DIA

H1

WIDTH ACROSS
FLATS

WIDTH ACROSS
CORNERS

THICKNESS
HEX NUTS

THICKNESS
HEX JAM NUTS

BASIC
1/4
5/16
3/8
7/16
1/2
9/16
5/8
3/4
7/8
1
1 1/8
1 1/4

.2500
0.3125
0.3750
0.4375
0.5000
0.5625
0.6250
0.7500
0.8750
1.0000
1.1250
1.2500

MAX

MIN

7/16 0.438 0.428

1/2
0.500 0.489
9/16 0.562 0.551
11/16 0.688 0.675
3/4
0.750 0.736
7/8
0.875 0.861
15/16 0.938 0.922
1 1/8 1.125 1.088
1 5/16 1.312 1.269
1 1/2 1.500 1.450
1
1.688 1.631
1 7/8 1.875 1.812

MAX

MIN

0.505
0.577
0.650
0.794
0.866
1.010
1.083
1.299
1.516
1.732
1.949
2.165

0.488
0.557
0.628
0.768
0.840
0.982
1.051
1.240
1.447
1.653
1.859
2.066

HEX NUTS WITH

SPECIFIED PROOF
LOADS LESS THAN
150,000 PSI AND ALL
HEX JAM NUTS

HEX NUTS WITH

SPECIFIED PROOF
LOADS EQUAL TO
150,000 PSI AND
GREATER

MIN

MAX

MAX

0.150
0.180
0.210
0.240
0.302
0.301
0.363
0.398
0.458
0.519
0.579
0.687

0.015
0.016
0.017
0.018
0.019
0.020
0.021
0.023
0.025
0.027
0.030
0.033

0.010
0.011
0.012
0.013
0.014
0.015
0.016
0.018
0.020
0.022
0.025
0.028

1.20 1.13 25/3 0.815 0.747

1.31 1.24 27/3 0.880 0.808

0.036
0.039

0.031
0.034

BASIC MAX MIN BASIC MAX

7/32
17/64
21/64
3/8
7/16
31/64
35/64
41/64
3/4
55/64
31/32
1

1 3/8 1.3750 2 1/16 2.062 1.994 2.382 2.273 1

1 1/2 1.5000 2 1/4 2.250 2.175 2.598 2.480 1

RUNOUT OF BEARING SURFACE-FIR

0.22
0.27
0.33
0.38
0.44
0.49
0.55
0.66
0.77
0.88
0.99
1.09

0.21
0.25
0.32
0.36
0.42
0.47
0.53
0.61
0.72
0.83
0.93
1.03

5/32
3/16
7/32
1/4
5/16
5/16
3/8
27/6
31/6
35/6
39/6
23/3

0.164
0.195
0.227
0.260
0.323
0.324
0.387
0.446
0.510
0.575
0.639
0.751

A DIVISION
475 KLUG CIRCLE CORONA, CA 92880-6406
(951) 280-4488 FAX: (951) 272-4445

OF

TRIPAC MARKETING, INC.

HEAVY HEX BOLTS & NUTS

Heavy Hex Bolts UNC 2A ANSI/ASME B18.2.1 UNC 2B ANSI/ASME B18.2.2

This chart may be used for

A307 Grade B, A193 B7, B8 (304), and B8M (316) Stainless
NOMINAL SIZE OR
BASIC BOLT DIA
1/2
5/8
3/4
7/8
1
1 1/8
1 1/4
1 3/8
1 1/2
1 3/4
2
2 1/4
2 1/2
2 3/4
3

0.5000
0.6250
0.7500
0.8750
1.0000
1.1250
1.2500
1.3750
1.5000
1.7500
2.0000
2.2500
2.5000
2.7500
3.0000

E
BODY
DIA
M AX
0.515
0.642
0.768
0.895
1.022
1.149
1.277
1.404
1.531
1.785
2.039
2.305
2.559
2.827
3.081

F
W IDTH ACROSS
FLATS
BASIC M AX M IN
7/8
1 1/16
1 1/4
1 7/16
1 5/8
1
2
2 3/16
2 3/8
2 3/4
3 1/8
3 1/2
3 7/8
4 1/4
4 5/8

G
W IDTH ACROSS
CORNERS
M AX
M IN

0.875 0.850
1.062 1.031
1.250 1.212
1.438 1.394
1.625 1.575
1.812 1.756
2.000 1.938
2.188 2.119
2.375 2.300
2.750 2.662
3.125 3.025
3.500 3.388
3.875 3.750
4.250 4.112
4.625 4.475

1.010
1.227
1.443
1.660
1.876
2.093
2.309
2.526
2.742
3.175
3.608
4.041
4.474
4.907
5.340

0.969
1.175
1.383
1.589
1.796
2.002
2.209
2.416
2.622
3.035
3.449
3.862
4.275
4.688
5.102

H
HEIGHT
BASIC

M AX

R
RADIUS
OF FILLET
M AX M IN

M IN

11/32 0.364 0.302

27/64 0.444 0.378
1/2
0.524 0.455
37/64 0.604 0.531
43/64 0.700 0.591
3/4
0.780 0.658
27/32 0.876 0.749
29/32 0.940 0.810
1
1.036 0.902
1 5/32 1.196 1.054
1
1.388 1.175
1 1/2 1.548 1.327
1
1.708 1.479
1
1.869 1.632
2
2.060 1.815

0.03
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.12
0.12
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19

0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06

LT (R EF)
THREAD LENGTH
FOR BOLT
FOR BOLT
LENGTH < 6 IN .
LENGTH > 6 IN .
1.250
1.500
1.750
2.000
2.250
2.500
2.750
3.000
3.250
3.750
4.250
4.750
5.250
5.750
6.250

1.500
1.750
2.000
2.250
2.500
2.750
3.000
3.250
3.500
4.000
4.500
5.000
5.500
6.000
6.500

Below 6 : 2x Dia. + 1/4 = T.L.

Above 6 : 2x Dia. + 1/2 = T.L.

Heavy Hex Nuts and Hex Jam Nuts ASTM A563 & A194 2H

NOMINAL SIZE OR
BASIC BOLT DIA

H1

W IDTH ACROSS
FLATS

W IDTH ACROSS
CORNERS

THICKNESS
HEAVY HEX NUTS

RUNOUT OF BEARING SURFACE-FIR

HEX NUTS WITH

HEX NUTS WITH

SPECIFIED PROOF
THICKNESS
SPECIFIED PROOF LOADS
LOADS EQUAL TO
HEAVY HEX JAM NUTS LESS THAN 150,000 PSI 150,000
PSI AND
AND ALL HEX JAM NUTS
GREATER

1/4
5/16
3/8
7/16
1/2
9/16
5/8
3/4
7/8
1
1 1/8
1 1/4
1 3/8
1 1/2
1 5/8
1 3/4
1 7/8
2
2 1/4
2 1/2
2 3/4
3
3 1/4

.2500
0.3125
0.3750
0.4375
0.5000
0.5625
0.6250
0.7500
0.8750
1.0000
1.1250
1.2500
1.3750
1.5000
1.6250
1.7500
1.8750
2.0000
2.2500
2.5000
2.7500
3.0000
3.2500

BASIC
1/2
9/16
11/16
3/4
7/8
15/16
1
1 1/4
1
1 5/8
1
2
2
2 3/8
2
2 3/4
2
3 1/8
3 1/2
3 7/8
4 1/4
4 5/8
5

M AX M IN
0.500 0.488
0.562 0.546
0.688 0.669
0.750 0.728
0.875 0.850
0.938 0.909
1.062 1.031
1.250 1.212
1.438 1.394
1.625 1.575
1.812 1.756
2.000 1.938
2.188 2.119
2.375 2.300
2.562 2.481
2.750 2.662
2.938 2.844
3.125 3.025
3.500 3.388
3.875 3.750
4.250 4.112
4.625 4.475
5.000 4.838

M AX
0.577
0.650
0.794
0.866
1.010
1.083
1.227
1.443
1.660
1.876
2.093
2.309
2.526
2.742
2.959
3.175
3.392
3.608
40.41
4.474
4.907
5.340
5.774

M IN
0.556
0.622
0.763
0.830
0.9691
1.037
1.175
1.382
1.589
1.796
2.002
2.209
2.416
2.622
2.828
3.035
3.242
3.449
3.862
4.275
4.688
5.102
5.515

BASIC
15/64
19/64
23/64
27/64
31/64
35/64
39/64
47/64
55/64
63/64
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3

M AX
0.25
0.31
0.37
0.44
0.50
0.56
0.63
0.75
0.88
1.01
1.13
1.25
1.37
1.50
1.63
1.75
1.88
2.01
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.01
3.25

M IN
0.21
0.28
0.34
0.40
0.46
0.52
0.58
0.71
0.83
0.95
1.07
1.18
1.31
1.43
1.55
1.67
1.80
1.92
2.15
2.40
2.64
2.89
3.12

BASIC
11/64
13/64
15/64
17/64
19/64
21/64
23/64
27/64
31/64
35/64
39/64
23/32
25/32
27/32
29/32
31/31
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

M AX
0.188
0.220
0.252
0.285
0.317
0.349
0.381
0.446
0.510
0.575
0.639
0.751
0.815
0.880
0.944
1.009
1.073
1.138
1.251
1.505
1.634
1.763
1.876

M IN
0.156
0.186
0.216
0.247
0.277
0.307
0.337
0.398
0.458
0.519
0.579
0.687
0.747
0.808
0.868
0.929
0.989
1.050
1.155
1.401
1.522
1.643
1.748

M AX
0.017
0.020
0.021
0.022
0.029
0.031
0.033
0.035
0.029
0.031
0.033
0.035
0.038
0.041
0.044
0.048
0.074
0.081
0.080
0.094
0.074
0.081
0.087

M AX
0.011
0.012
0.014
0.015
0.022
0.024
0.027
0.030
0.022
0.024
0.027
0.030
0.033
0.036
0.038
0.041
0.064
0.070
0.075
0.081
0.064
0.070
0.075

WASHERS

USS Steel Flat Washers

Commonly used with carbon steel bolting and all
thread studs, such as A307 Grade A or B.
NOMINAL SIZE

ACTUAL
ID

3/16
1/4
5/16
3/8
7/16
1/2
9/16
5/8
3/4
7/8
1
1 1/8
1 1/4
1 3/8
1 1/2
1 5/8
1 3/4
1 7/8
2
2 1/4
2 1/2
2 3/4
3

1/4
5/16
3/8
7/16
1/2
9/16
5/8
11/16
13/16
15/16
1 1/16
1 1/4
1 3/8
1 1/2
1 5/8
1 3/4
1 7/8
2
2 1/8
2 3/8
2 5/8
2 7/8
3 1/8

ACTUAL
OD
9/16
3/4
7/8
1
1 1/4
1 3/8
1 1/2
1 3/4
2
2 1/4
2 1/2
2 3/4
3
3 1/4
3 1/2
3 3/4
4
4 1/4
4 1/2
4 3/4
5
5 1/4
5 1/2

THICKNESS
GAUGE
18 (3/64)
16 (1/16)
14 (5/64)
14 (5/64)
14 (5/64)
12 (7/64)
12 (7/64)
10 (9/64)
9 (5/32)
8 (11/64)
8 (11/64)
8 (11/64)
8 (11/64)
7 (3/16)
7 (3/16)
7 (3/16)
7 (3/16)
7 (3/16)
7 (3/16)
5 (7/32)
4 (15/64)
3 (1/4)
2 (17/64)

SAE Steel Flat Washers

SAE washers have smaller inside and outside
diameters and are commonly used with carbon
steel bolts and studs.
ACTUAL
ID

ACTUAL
OD

THICKNESS
GAUGE

6 (1/8)
8 (5/32)

5/32
3/16

3/8
7/16

18 (3/64)
18 (3/64)

10

7/32

1/2

18 (3/64)

12

1/4

9/16

18 (3/64)

1/4

9/32

5/8

16 (1/16)

5/16

11/32

11/16

16 (1/16)

3/8

13/32

13/16

16 (1/16)

7/16

15/32

59/64

16 (1/16)

1/2

17/32

1 1/16

13 (3/32)

NOMINAL SIZE

9/16

19/32

1 3/16

13 (3/32)

5/8

21/32

1 5/16

13 (3/32)

3/4

13/16

1 1/2

10 (9/64)

7/8

15/16

1 3/4

10 (9/64)

1 1/16

10 (9/64)

1 1/8

1 3/16

2 1/4

10 (9/64)

1 1/4

1 5/16

2 1/2

9 (5/32)

1 3/8

1 7/16

2 3/4

9 (5/32)

1 1/2

1 9/16

9 (5/32)

Fender Washers
Fender washers have a larger outside
diameter than other steel washers.
NOMINAL SIZE

Washers are intended for general use

with bolt, nut, and stud applications to
provide increased bearing surface,
spacing and to prevent galling. Unless
otherwise specified, the washers are
furnished with dimensions conforming to
ANSI B.18.22.1.
* ASTM Designation: F844-90,
page 265, 1.2-1.3
* Available in plain, zinc plated,
HDG, Tripac 2000 Blue Coating System

THICKNESS
GAUGE

1/8
3/16

1
1

.062/.080
.062/.080

3/16

1 1/8

.062/.080

3/16

1 1/4

.062/.080

1/4

.062/.080

1/4

1 1/4

.062/.080

1/4

1 1/2

.062/.080

5/16

1 1/4

.062/.080

5/16

1 1/2

.062/.080

3/8

1 1/4

.062/.080

3/8

1 1/2

.062/.080

3/8

.096/.116

1/2

1 1/2

.062/.080

1/2

.062/.080

1/2

.096/.116

A DIVISION
475 KLUG CIRCLE CORONA, CA 92880-6406
(951) 280-4488 FAX: (951) 272-4445

ACTUAL
OD

OF

TRIPAC MARKETING, INC.

WASHERS
Stainless Steel Washers
With Large and Small I.D./O.D.
Commonly used with stainless
steel bolts and studs such as
ASTM F593, A193, B8 & B8M.

ASTM F436 (A325) Washers

Commonly used with alloy steel,
high strength bolting and studs,
such as ASTM A193B7, SAE J429
& Grade 8, A325 & A490.

NOMINAL
SIZE

ACTUAL
ID

ACTUAL
OD

THICKNESS
GAUGE

NOMINAL
SIZE

ACTUAL
ID

ACTUAL
OD

THICKNESS
GAUGE

1/4
5/16

9/32
11/32

5/8
11/16

.051/.08
.051/.08

1/4
5/16

.281
.343

5/8
3/4

.050
.050

3/8

13/32

13/16

.051/.08

3/8

.406

7/8

.050

7/16

15/32

59/64

.051/.08

3/8

.406

.050

1/2

17.32

1 1/16

.097/.17

7/16

.500

1 1/8

.062

5/8

11/16

1 5/16

.122/.17

1/2

.531

1 1/4

.062

3/4

13/16

.122/.17

5/8

.687

1 5/16

.078

7/8

15/16

1 3/4

.136/.17

5/8

.687

1 1/2

.078

1 1/8

.136/.17

3/4

.812

1 1/2

.109

1 1/8

1 1/4

2 1/4

.136/.17

3/4

.812

1 3/4

.109

1 1/4

1 3/8

2 1/2

.136/.17

3/4

.812

1 7/8

.109

1 3/8

1 1/2

2 3/4

.136/.17

7/8

.937

1 3/4

.109

1 1/2

1 5/8

.136/.17

7/8

.937

1 7/8

.109

1 3/4

1 7/8

3 3/8

.178/.28

1.062

.125

2 1/8

3 3/4

.178/.28

1.062

2 1/4

.125

2 1/4

2 3/8

.24/.34

1.062

2 1/2

.125

2 1/2

2 5/8

4 1/2

.24/.34

1 1/8

1.187

2 1/4

.125

2 3/4

2 7/8

.24/.34

1 1/8

1.187

2 1/2

.125

3 1/8

5 1/2

.24/.34

1 1/4

1.312

2 1/4

.125

3 1/4

3 3/8

.24/.34

1 1/4

1.312

2 3/4

.125

1 1/2

1.562

2 3/4

.140

1 1/2

1.562

3 1/4

.140

1 3/4

1.812

3 1/2

.140

2.125

3 3/4

.187

2.125

.187

Washers are intended for

general use with bolt, nut, and
stud applications to provide
increased bearing surface,
spacing and to prevent galling.
Unless otherwise specified, the
washers are furnished with
dimensions conforming to
ANSI B.18.22.1.

A
A DIVISION
475 KLUG CIRCLE CORONA, CA 92880-6406
(951) 280-4488 FAX: (951) 272-4445

OF

TRIPAC MARKETING, INC.

WATER WORKS T-HEAD BOLTS

ANSI/AWWA C111/A21.11.95
ANSI/ASME B1.1 CLASS 2A, B1.2 CLASS 2B

DIMENSIONAL INFORMATION

UN THREADED
SHANK
+ 0.030
- 0.074
B

5/8 - 11 x 3

1.50

0.625

3.0

2.00

0.625

0.312 0.625 0.04 1.062 0.00 - 0.04

5/8 - 11 x 5

1.75

0.625

5.0

2.00

0.625

0.312 0.625 0.04 1.062 0.00 - 0.04

3/4 - 10 x 3 1/2

1.75

0.750

3.5

2.50

0.750

0.375 0.750 0.06 1.250 0.00 - 0.06

3/4 - 10 x 4

1.75

0.750

4.0

3.00

0.750

0.375 0.750 0.06 1.250 0.00 - 0.06

3/4 - 10 x 4 1/2

1.75

0.750

4.5

3.00

0.750

0.375 0.750 0.06 1.250 0.00 - 0.06

3/4 - 10 x 5

1.75

0.750

5.0

3.00

0.750

0.375 0.750 0.06 1.250 0.00 - 0.06

3/4 - 10 x 5 1/2

1.75

0.750

5.5

3.00

0.750

0.375 0.750 0.06 1.250 0.00 - 0.06

3/4 - 10 x 6

1.75

0.750

6.0

3.00

0.750

0.375 0.750 0.06 1.250 0.00 - 0.06

3/4 - 10 x 6 1/2

1.75

0.750

6.5

3.50

0.750

0.375 0.750 0.06 1.250 0.00 - 0.06

3/4 - 10 x 7

1.75

0.750

7.0

4.00

0.750

0.375 0.750 0.06 1.250 0.00 - 0.06

3/4 - x 9

1.75

0.750

9.0

5.00

0.750

0.375 0.750 0.06 1.250 0.00 - 0.06

1-8x5

2.25

1.000

5.0

3.00

1.000

0.500 0.100 0.08 1.625 0.00 - 0.08

1-8x6

2.25

1.000

6.0

3.00

1.000

0.500 0.100 0.08 1.625 0.00 - 0.08

1 1/4 - 7 x 6

2.50

1.250

6.0

3.50

1.250

0.625 0.125 0.08 2.000 0.00 - 0.08

1 1/4 - 7 x 6 1/2

2.50

1.250

6.5

3.50

1.250

0.625 0.125 0.08 2.000 0.00 - 0.08

SIZE

0.05

Available in: T-316 Stainless

+ 0.25
- 0.06

THREAD
LENGTH

+ .015
- 0.03

NUT
THICKNESS

NUT WIDTH ACROSS

FLATS

ASTM A242 Weathering Steel (Atmospheric corrosion resistant steel)

Tripac 2000 Blue can be applied upon request

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(951) 280-4488 FAX: (951) 272-4445

OF

TRIPAC MARKETING, INC.

OVAL NECK TRACK BOLTS

ANSI/ASME B18.10

DIMENSIONAL INFORMATION

NOMINAL

HEAD

DIAMETER OVER
THREAD

NECK

R1

R2

1/2 - 13 x 2 3/4

7/8

5/16

11/16

9/32

5/8

19/32

5/16

1 1/8

5/8 - 11 x 3 1/4

1 5/64

25/64

59/64

23/64

13/16

25/32

3/8

1 1/4

5/8 - 11 x 4 1/2

1 5/64

25/64

59/64

23/64

13/16

25/32

3/8

1 1/4

5/8 - 11 x 6

1 5/64

25/64

59/64

23/64

13/16

25/32

3/8

1 1/4

5/8 - 11 x 8

1 5/64

25/64

59/64

23/64

13/16

25/32

3/8

5/8 - 11 x 9 1/2

1 5/64

25/64

59/64

23/64

13/16

25/32

5/8 - 11 x 10

1 5/64

25/64

59/64

23/64

13/16

25/32

5/8 - 11 x 10 1/2

1 5/64

25/64

59/64

23/64

13/16

25/32

5/8 - 11 x 15

1 5/64

25/64

59/64

23/64

13/16

25/32

3/4 - 10 x 5

1 9/32

15/32 1 5/32

7/16

1 1/16

1 1/32

7/8 - 9 x 5

1 31/64

35/64 1 25/64 33/64

1 7/32

1 3/16

1 - 8 x 3 1/2

1 11/16

5/8

1 5/8

19/32

1 3/8

1 11/32 9/16

2 1/4

1 - 8 x 5 1/2

1 11/16

5/8

1 5/8

19/32

1 3/8

1 11/32 9/16

2 1/4

1 - 8 x 6 1/2

1 11/16

5/8

1 5/8

19/32

1 3/8

1 11/32 9/16

2 1/4

1 1/8 - 7 x 4

1 57/64

1 1/2

THREAD
LENGTH
MIN

45/64 1 55/64 43/64 1 17/32

R3

LENGTH
UNDER
HEAD

1 1/4
Under 7
3/8
in. by 1 1/4
Same steps of
3/8
1 1/4
as
1/2
1/4 in.
body body
3/8
1 1/4
diam. diam. From 7
to 10 in. 1 1/4
of
3/8 of bolt
bolt by steps
of 1/2 1 3/4
7/16
in.
1/2
2

5/8

2 1/2

* Information obtained from the Industrial Fasteners Institute, Fastener Standards, Sixth Edition Page C-58

A DIVISION
475 KLUG CIRCLE CORONA, CA 92880-6406
(951) 280-4488 FAX: (951) 272-4445

OF

TRIPAC MARKETING, INC.

A325 BOLTS

Heavy Hex Structural Bolts UNC 2A ANSI/ASME B18.2.1

I

This chart is used for A325 high strength structural bolting

to be used with A194 2H Nuts
F

LT

WIDTH ACROSS
FLATS

WIDTH ACROSS
CORNERS

HEIGHT

THREAD
LENGTH

NUT
THICKNESS

INCH

MAX

MIN

MAX

MIN

MAX

MIN

BASIC

MAX

MIN

1/2 - 13

0.875

0.850

1.010

0.969

0.323

0.302

1.00

0.504

0.464

5/8 - 11

1.062

1.031

1.227

1.175

0.403

0.378

1.25

0.631

0.587

3/4 - 10

1.250

1.212

1.443

1.383

0.483

0.455

1.38

0.758

0.710

7/8 - 9

1.438

1.394

1.660

1.589

0.563

0.531

1.50

0.885

0.833

1-8

1.625

1.575

1.876

1.796

0.627

0.591

1.75

1.012

0.956

1 1/8 - 7

1.812

1.756

2.093

2.002

0.718

0.658

2.00

0.139

1.079

1 1/4 - 7

2.000

1.938

2.309

2.209

0.813

0.749

2.00

1.251

1.187

1 3/8 - 6

2.188

2.119

2.526

2.416

0.878

0.810

2.25

1.378

1.310

1 1/2 - 6

2.375

2.300

2.742

2.622

0.974

0.902

2.25

1.505

1.433

A DIVISION

OF

NOMINAL
SIZE AND
THREADS PER

475 KLUG CIRCLE CORONA, CA 92880-6406

(951) 280-4488 FAX: (951) 272-4445

TRIPAC MARKETING, INC.

COATINGS
Zinc Plating Process
HOT ALKALINE CLEANER
WATER RINSE
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
WATER RINSE
WATER RINSE
ZINC PLATE

Electroplated
ASTM specifications B633
electroplating is an electrochemical
process used to deposit a metallic
coating on the base material of an
object by immersing it in an electrically
charged solution so that a suitable low
voltage flows through it, causing the
metallic coating to be attracted to the
object being plated.

WATER RINSE

BLACK CHROMATE

CLEAR CHROMATE
YELLOW CHROMATE
WATER RINSE

Inexpensive
Sacrificial protection against corrosion
Commonly used on nuts, bolts, washers,
anchor bolts, fittings, pipe hangers, pipe
supports, etc.
Commercial zinc plate .0002 thickness
Zinc Plating process provided by
Sonic Plating Co., Inc., Santa Fe Springs, CA

HOT WATER
HOT AIR DRY

Galvanizing Process
SURFACE PREPARATION

GALVANIZING

FINISHING

Abrasive blasting

Immersion into molten

Alkaline cleaning

zinc from 1 to 5 min.

Finish process in clean
zinc bath

Acid Cleaning

Removal of excess zinc

Quenching
Inspection

Hot Dip Galvanized

Galvanizing is the practice of coating clean, oxide-free iron or steel with a thin layer of zinc to
protect the surface against corrosion. ASTM A153 specification applies to coated fabricated
products such as nuts, bolts, washers and anchor bolts. ASTM A123 specification applies to
coated fabricated products such as fittings, pipe hangers, channel & pipe supports.

Shields the base metal from the atmosphere because zinc gives
cathodic or sacrificial protection

Hot Dip Galvanized process provided by Atlas Galvanizing, LLC,

Los Angeles, CA

A DIVISION
475 KLUG CIRCLE CORONA, CA 92880-6406
(951) 280-4488 FAX: (951) 272-4445

OF

TRIPAC MARKETING, INC.

PROPER FLANGE BOLTING

Flanges
In theory, if it were possible to have two
perfectly mated flanges with total effective
contact at all points, a gasket would not be
required to effect a seal. Obviously since
this is not possible, a gasket is required
and its function is to seal two imperfect
surfaces.
There are limits on the degree of flange
surface imperfections that can be sealed
successfully with a gasket. Large nicks,
dents and gouges must be avoided, since
a gasket cannot seal against them
properly.
Also, a gasket cannot seal
improperly aligned flanges.
Another problem is waviness in the flanges
and warped or bowed flanges. This can
be caused by heat during the
manufacturing or welding process, internal
stress and excessive bolt loads during
installation. See figure 1.
To obtain a satisfactory seal, it is
necessary that basic procedures are
followed during installation.
These
procedures are of fundamental importance
for a successful operation no matter what
style of gasket or type of bolting materials
are used. While these flange installation procedures may seem elementary,
they are extremely important and
should be carefully followed.

Flange Installation Procedures

1. Inspect the flanges. Check for tool marks,
dents, scratches or corrosion. Look for
pitting and any other defects which would
make sealing impossible. Repairs must be
made before bolting.
2. Inspect the gasket. Verify to be sure the
gasket is of the proper material and style.
Look for defects or damage.
3. Inspect and clean bolts, nuts and washers.
Verify to be sure they are of the specified
material.
4. Lubricate the bolt threads and the nut
contact surfaces.
This cannot be
overstressed. The use of an anti-seize
compound should be considered to facilitate
subsequent disassembly. The better the
lubricant, the more consistent the actual
achieved bolt stress at installation will be.
5. Center the gasket on the flange. This is
extremely vital when raised faced flanges
are used.
6. Tighten the bolts approximately 30% to the
final torque following the sequence shown in
Figure 2 (shown on next page). If the
correct tightening sequence is not followed,
the flanges can be misaligned, making it
impossible to have uniform seating of the
gasket. Numbering the bolts may be helpful
in following the bolt sequence.
7. Repeat step 6, elevating the torque to 50 to
60 percent of the final torque.
8. Continue tightening in the recommended
sequence until the final torque value is
reached.
Each bolt normally has to be
tightened more than once.

A - Bowing of flange due to too high bolt load

9. All gaskets relax after seating. Retightening

is recommended 24 hours after installation
to compensate for the relaxation. On highpressure or high-temperature applications, it
is recommended that the flanges be
retorqued to the required stress after 24
hours at operating pressure and
temperatures
to compensate for any
relaxation.

A DIVISION
475 KLUG CIRCLE CORONA, CA 92880-6406
(951) 280-4488 FAX: (951) 272-4445

OF

TRIPAC MARKETING, INC.

PROPER FLANGE BOLTING

Gaskets

Bolting

Gaskets are used to create a static seal

between two flanges and to maintain that seal
under operating conditions. Proper gasket
selection is critical and must be considered
during the design and engineering process of
any system.

A bolt is a spring. It is an elastic member

which has been stretched to develop a load
by elongating its length. It must not be overelongated (over-strained), or the elastic limit
of the steel will be exceeded. The bolt then
deforms and with continued loading
(stressing) will quickly fail.

Once the type of material and style of gasket is

determined, proper installation is critical to
achieve seating of the gasket. A seal is
effected by compressing the gasket material
and causing it to flow into the imperfections on
the flanges so that intimate contact is made
preventing leaking of the joint. The most
common method of effecting a seal on a flange
joint is through compression force applied by
bolting.

Torque
Torque is a twisting force. When applied to a
bolt it is generally expressed in foot pounds.
The formula for torque is T = R x S where:

To avoid such problems with bolt tightening,

the use of a torque wrench is recommended.
The designer of the flange system
normally specifies the torque required to
achieve a proper seal.
The inch-per-inch relationship demonstrates
that the longer the bolt, the more it must be
strained to yield a desired load; thus, the more
follow-up or comeback there will be in actual
inches. This is highly desirable, since most
gasketing materials tend to remold, to relax, to
take a permanent set. This is called the
creep-relaxation phenomenon.

The more follow-up of spring provided by the

bolt, the better the retention of stress on the
gasket to maintain a leakproof joint. In the
same respect, a smaller diameter bolt must be
Properly fastened studs and bolts achieve
strained more to develop the same load. With
their holding power from the tension (or
the smaller diameter bolt, there is a serious
torque) that is derived from the mating of the
danger that it may be over-strained and
external and internal threads subject to the
stressed beyond the elastic limit, and finally
elastic limit of the material.
broken. The smaller bolt, within its elastic
limit, could give the same additional follow-up
What torque to apply is a generally
as the larger diameter bolt of greater
asked question, but the answer
Figure 2
length.
depends on the variables of
R = radius or length of lever
S = pounds pull on scale

material, threads, and lubrication, if

any. As previously stated the
designer of the flange system
normally specifies the required
torque.

Bolting Patterns
Regardless of the number of bolts,
this circular bolt pattern with
modification, will provide the correct
tightening sequence.

Circular Multi-Bolt
Installation Pattern

A DIVISION
475 KLUG CIRCLE CORONA, CA 92880-6406
(951) 280-4488 FAX: (951) 272-4445

OF

TRIPAC MARKETING, INC.