213

Service.

New Technology 99
Design and Function

Self-Study Programme 213

For internal use only

Modern like never before ...:

the aluminium body,

quattro technology,

an extensive range of high-tech engines,

an excellent convenience and safety package

and a high level of ecological compatibility are the key components of our cutting-edge concept.

Contents
Page Vehicle safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Gearbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Running gear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Air conditioning system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Electrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

The descriptions given on the following pages refer only to the technical status of the A8 major product upgrade.

New The Self-Study Programme provides you with information regarding designs and functions. The Self-Study Programme is not a Workshop Manual! For maintenance and repair work, always refer to the current technical literature.

Important Note

Vehicle safety
System overview
J220 J218 / K75 N95 E3

V94 F220 F222

F221 W F223

J234

F140 N199

G179

N153

G177 F145 N201

N277

N196

Legend E3 E224 F140 F141 F145 F146 F158 G6 G128 G177

4

Hazard warning light switch Airbag cutoff switch, passenger's side Front left belt switch Front right belt switch Rear belt switch, driver's side Rear belt switch, front passenger's side Switch -1- for belt tensioner Fuel pump Seat occupied sensor, front passenger's side Seat occupied sensor, driver's side rear

G178 G179 G180 J17 J218 J220 J234 K75 K145 N95

Seat occupied sensor, driver's side rear Side airbag crash sensor, driver's side (B pillar) Side airbag crash sensor, front passenger's side (B pillar) Fuel relay Combination processor in dash panel insert Motronic control unit Airbag control unit Airbag warning lamp Airbag off warning lamp, front passenger's side Airbag igniter, driver's side

J17

G6

AIRBAG

E224 N131

K145
AIRBAG
OFF
AUS EIN

G128 F141 N200

G180

N154

G178 F158 F146 N202

N198

N197

N278

SSP213_013

N131 N153 N154 N196 N197 N198 N199 N200

Airbag igniter -1-, front passenger's side Belt tensioner igniter -1-, driver's side Belt tensioner igniter -2-, front passenger's side Rear belt tensioner igniter, driver's side Rear belt tensioner igniter, front passenger's side Rear belt tensioner igniter, centre Side airbag igniter, driver's side Side airbag igniter, front passenger's side

N201 N202 N277 N278 V94

W W43

Rear side airbag igniter, driver's side Rear side airbag igniter, front passenger's side Head airbag igniter in D pillar, driver's side Head airbag igniter in D pillar, front passenger's side Central locking motor with control unit for interior lights switch-off delay and anti-theft alarm system, in luggage compartment left Interior light, front Interior light, rear
5

Vehicle safety
Head airbag

SSP213_077

The new SIDEGUARD head airbag system improves the high standard of safety already afforded. The head airbag module extends from the D pillar to the A pillar on the driver's and front passenger's sides. It inates in one unit along the roof frame trim. A curtain type airbag located above the side windows protects the heads and shoulders of front and rear vehicle occupants.

Another special feature of the large-area head airbag is the protection provided against impact with the A pillar. Specially positioned air pockets undertake this task. Once activated, the head airbag stays inated for longer in order to afford the occupants protection in the event of a rollover after the collision. This system supplements the conventional front and side airbags and is only triggered on the side of the vehicle on which the system detects the impact.

The head airbag module must not be kinked when carrying out repair work. You can nd further safety regulations and instructions in the current Workshop Manual.

Unlocking

In vehicles with an interior rear-view mirror, the A and D pillar trims can only be released at the headlining using 2 wire cables.

SSP213_060

Airbag key lock switch (optional)

The (optional) function for deactivating the front passenger's airbag is implemented in the glove box by means of an airbag key lock switch (e.g. when using a Reboard childs safety seat).

Deactivation using the VAS 5051 Diagnosis Testing and Information System has priority over deactivation using the key lock switch.

SSP213_026

Front passenger's airbag off lamp

In the A8 99, a continuously lit warning lamp in the interior light/sliding roof switch trim indicates when the front passenger's airbag is deactivated.

SSP213_027 7

Vehicle safety
Belt tensioners
Ball-type tensioners are provided for all vehicle occupants in the A8 99. The balls are driven by a pyrotechnical charge. This kinetic energy is transmitted via a gear to the belt reel. Belt slack is taken up by reeling in the belt. Testing of a triggered belt tensioner: A distinct rattling sound can be heard when the removed belt tensioner is shaked.

SSP213_028

The front belt tensioners also have a belt force limiter with stop. Further tensioning is inhibited from a dened point at which the belt tensile force becomes hazardous to the vehicle occupants. A belt length of up to 10 cm can be compensated via a torsion spindle integrated in the inertia reel.

SSP213_029

The rear ball-type tensioners are activated by a microswitch after the system recognised that the seatbelt is fastened. The switch integrated in the automatic belt buckle closes as soon as the belt has unwound a certain distance. It short-circuits a resistor which causes the igniter pellet to be ignited as required by the airbag control unit.

The self-diagnosis uses the resistor connected in parallel with the microswitch to ascertain when the ignition circuit is open.

SSP213_030

Lateral acceleration sensor G179/G180

The sensors, which have been moved out to the B pillar in the A8 99, are connected to airbag control unit J234. To activate the relevant output stages of the side airbag, the plausibility of the sensor signal has to be veried.

SSP213_031 Word width 64 s Bit width 8 s Sensor defective

6 0Bh

Sensor OK

16h
Crash comm.

1Dh
Negative plausibility

2Ch
Crash/Fire

3Ah
Data is repeated every 524 s SSP213_032

The following signal characteristic is produced: The lateral acceleration sensor G179/G180 outputs a continuous Sensor defective or Sensor OK signal to the airbag control unit after the ignition is turned On. In the event of a side impact, the crash commencement signal is transmitted immediately. The airbag control unit interrogates the plausibility of the signal in the form of the negative plausibility signal. If this is positive then the signal Crash/ Fire is transmitted. The same signal is generated by the capacitive acceleration sensor in the airbag control unit. If both signals match up with one another, the airbag control unit activates the relevant output stage of the side airbag. Data is repeated every 524 s.

Vehicle safety
Centring ring with slip ring
The centring ring with slip ring forms the electrical connection between the airbag control unit and the driver's module integrated in the steering wheel. On vehicles with ESP, wheel angle sensor G85 is also integrated in the centring ring housing.

Centring ring with slip ring for the driver's airbag

After repair work and parts replacement, basic adjustment of the wheel angle sensor must be carried out. Design and function are in the SSP 204 described.

SSP213_023

Seat occupied recognition

is implemented by means of a pressure sensitive foil (Interlink). The electrically conductive plastic connects the positive contact to the negative contact. If no pressure is exerted on the foil, then the resistance between the electrical contacts is high, and vice versa. The pressure sensor enables the airbag control unit to recognise the following states: - seat occupied at high resistance - seat occupied at low resistance The seat occupied recognition function prevents unnecessary airbag ignitions taking place while affording the vehicle occupants an adequate level of protection. For further information refer to SSP 182, Page 12.

SSP213_035

If a fault or an undened state is detected, then the control unit immediately evaluates the seat as occupied after ignition on".

10

Crash output
The crash output is activated during a head-on collision and side impact. When the crash output is activated, the Motronic control unit switches the fuel pump off. The airbag control unit activates the hazard warning lights directly. At the same time, the CLS control unit receives the crash signal, unlocks the doors and switches the interior lighting on. The possibility of a restart (engine speed > 300 rpm) after an accident makes it possible to remove the vehicle from a danger zone (if necessary). The crash output function can be simulated with the VAS 5051 Diagnosis Testing and Information System using the actuator diagnosis function. For further information refer to SSP 217, page 17.

Airbag control unit 8 - J234

The task of the control unit is to detect vehicle deceleration data and evaluate this data to reduce the risk of injury and activate the airbag, belt tensioner units and crash output. A self-test follows every time the ignition is turned on. At the same time, the connected periphery is monitored for conformity with the coded equipment. If there are any discrepancies, then the fault message control unit incorrectly coded is output through the diagnosis interface and airbag warning lamp K75 is activated. The following actions are performed depending on belt buckle interrogation: the airbag ignition circuit is tripped at threshold 1 or 2 or the front belt tensioner ignition circuit is tripped. The rear belt tensioner ignition current is induced by the control unit via the microswitch for the belt-fastened sensor in the inertia reel. The airbag control unit continuously evaluates the status of the belt buckles after turning on the ignition. If, for instance, the system recognises that the front passenger's seat is occupied and the belt is not fastened, the front passenger's airbag is ignited earlier (threshold 1) in the event of a crash if the tripping criteria are exceeded. The airbag inates earlier in order to intercept the occupants earlier. If the seat is occupied and the seat belt is fastened, the belt tensioner receives tripping threshold 1 and the front passenger's airbag threshold 2.

When the airbags and/or the belt tensioners are ignited, the fault message crash data stored is displayed. The airbag control unit can be no longer be recoded. Adaptation is still possible. The belt tensioner is activated at tripping threshold 1. With airbag version 8.4 in the A8 GP, the belt tensioners can be ignited in accordance with the activation criteria irrespective of the airbags.

11

Engine
V8 5V engines

SSP213_073

Introduction AUDI has been producing state-of-the-art eight-cylinder engines since 1988. Engine displacement has increased from 3.6 litres to 4.2 litres. The V8 engine together with Aluminium Space Frame technology was the technical basis for Audi's breakthrough into the luxury class of car manufacturing. The V8 engines were fundamentally revised in the course of further development work. The emphasis in this connection was on the following development goals: Meeting future exhaust emission regulations Reducing fuel consumption Torque and performance gains Enhancement of comfort/convenience Reducing engine weight Increased use of common parts of the AUDI engine series. Compared to the V8 4-valve engine, the new features and/or modications are as follows: Modications to crankcase and crankshaft drive to oil circuit to cooling circuit New features 5-valve cylinder head with roller type valve levers Camshaft adjuster 3-stage intake manifold Electro-hydraulic engine mount Bosch ME 7.1 engine management system You can nd detailed information on the new V8 - 5V engine in SSP 217.

12

Specications
3.7 l V8 - 5 V
400 200

3.7 l Engine codes AQG

4.2 l AQF (A8) ARS (A6)

350

175

300

150

Type Power output (kW) Displacement Power output

V8 engine with 90o V-angle 3697 cm3 191 kW 260 bhp at 6000 rpm 51.6 kW/l 70.3 bhp/l 350 Nm at 3200 rpm 94.7 Nm/l 4172 cm3 228/220 kW 310/300 bhp at 6000 rpm 54.6 kW/l 74.3 bhp/l 410 Nm at 3000 rpm 98.3 Nm/l

250

125

Torque (Nm)

200

100

150

75

100

50

50

25

Spec. power output Torque

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000

Engine speed (rpm)

SSP217_004 Spec. torque Bore Stroke Power output (kW) Compression ratio Weight Engine management Fuel

4.2 l V8 - 5 V
500 450 400 350 300 250 225 200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25

84.5 mm 82.4 mm 11 : 1 198 kg

84.5 mm 93.0 mm 11 : 1 200 kg

Torque (Nm)

250 200 150 100 50 0 0

Motronic ME 7.1

98/95 RON 1-5-4-8-6-3-7-2

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000

Engine speed (rpm)

SSP217_005

The specied performance data are only achievable using 98 RON fuel. A reduction in power output must be expected when using 95 RON fuel.

Firing order Compliant with exhaust emission standard

EU 3

13

Engine
5-valve technology

SSP217_020

The ve-valve cylinder head with valve activation by a roller valve lever is employed in the new engine series. Valve gear of this type produces a great deal less friction, particularly at low revs, thanks the use of optimised components.

All the new features improve exhaust emission, fuel efciency and torque while also increasing power output. Power output of the 4.2 l has increased from 300 to 310 bhp. The power output of the 3.7 l engine has increased to an even greater extent - namely from 230 to 260 bhp.

14

Gearbox
Automatic gearbox 01V
5-speed automatic gearbox 01V already offered a high level of driving comfort and handling dynamics even when it was launched in 1995. To be able to keep pace with growing demands in this area in future, the electro-hydraulic control of the 01V gearbox has been revised. The mechanicals (planet gear sets and clutches) have remained unchanged. The new generation of the 01V gearbox is used in the combination of petrol engines with the ME7 engine control unit and diesel engines which comply with the EU 3D exhaust emission standard.

Hall sensor G182

Overview of new features New gearbox input speed sender G182 for turbine speed data acquisition using a sensor system with Hall sender. New valve body (hydraulic control unit) with modied operating cycles. Gearbox control unit with higher processor power. Facility for programming the control units of the vehicle and engine variant (currently not in use). Additional ATF cooler for torquey engines.
Valve body

SSP213_021 15

Gearbox
Gearbox input speed sender G182
Housing, clutch B Planetary gear train (Ravigneaux)

A C B E D

180-

180-

F Final drive

SSP213_096 Gearbox input shaft (turbine shaft) Housing, clutch A G182 (Hall sensor)

previously: G182 (inductive sensor)

Planet carrier

For design reasons, the speed of the planet carrier of the Ravigneaux planetary gear train has been used in the past to control shift operations. The inductive sender G182 serves this purpose. The speed of the planet carrier was converted to a turbine speed in the gearbox control unit. To achieve an excellent level of shift quality in all gears (precision control of shift operations), the precise turbine speed has to be detected (actual gearbox input speed).

Measuring the turbine speed means gaining access to the housing of clutch A, which is responsible for power transmission. The housing of clutch A is form-tted to the turbine shaft and is located inside the housing of clutch B. The distance between the sensor and the housing of clutch A makes it necessary to employ a system based on the Hall principle. The system comprises the G182 and a magnetic ring, which is connected to the housing of clutch A. The housing clutch B is made of nonmagnetisable material, which means that the magnetic elds of the magnetic ring cannot be shielded from the sensor.

16

Housing, clutch B Magnetic ring

Housing clutch A

G182 Gearbox input speed sender

SSP213_020

The advantages of precise turbine speed acquisition are as follows: Control and adaption during gearshifts to 1st gear and reverse. This reduces the engagement jolt when a drive gear is selected from P or N and when a rolling gearshift into 1st gear is executed.

Improvement in shift quality in all gears through precise control and adaption of gearshifts. Improvement in self-diagnosis quality through early detection of a slipping clutch/brake.

Plug-in connection to gearbox

Electrical circuit In comparison with the previously known Hall sensor systems, the G182 (Hall sensor) is now connected to control unit by two wires only. The sensor signal and the earth supply is provided via Pin 44. G182 is supplied with voltage via Pin 16.
G182

Gearbox control unit interfaces

5 6

16 44

J217

SSP213_100

17

Gearbox
Signal characteristic of G182 Test conditions: Engine idling speed Gate selector lever in position P
Auto mode
2 V/Div. 10 ms/Div.

T 0

DOS connection Red test probe Black test probe Pin 44 Signal earth SSP213_098

Test conditions: Ignition "on" or Engine at idling speed Drive position selected Brake operated (turbine not running)

Also refer to the relevant Workshop Manual

Auto mode
2 V/Div. 10 ms/Div.

T 0

DOS connection Red test probe Black test probe Pin 44 Signal earth

SSP213_099 18

Auxiliary ATF cooler To account for the increased torque available to the six- and eight-cylinder engines, the following engine variants have an additional ATF cooler. Two variants are used.

System Auxiliary ATF cooler with separate thermostatic valve Auxiliary ATF cooler with integrated thermostatic valve

Engine capacity A6 V8 3.7 l A8 V8 3.7 l A8 V6 TDI 260 bhp 260 bhp 170 bhp

Fitting location right, behind bumper left, behind bumper left, behind bumper

S4 A6 Biturbo A6 V6 TDI

250 bhp 250 bhp 170 bhp

left, behind charge air cooler left, behind charge air cooler right, behind bumper

Auxiliary ATF cooler with separate thermostatic valve

Auxiliary ATF cooler

Thermostatic valve

SSP213_093 19

Gearbox
ATF temperature < 80oC

SSP213_095

The auxiliary ATF cooler is designed as an oil-air heat exchanger and connected downstream of the main ATF cooler (oil-coolant heat exchanger) via a thermostatic valve. The thermostatic valve closes the return line to the gearbox at approx. 80oC and opens the supply line of the auxiliary ATF cooler.

The auxiliary ATF cooler is now connected in series with the main ATF cooler. In this way the heat which develops as a result of the high power transmission is kept at an acceptable level.

ATF temperature > 80oC

SSP213_094 20

Auxiliary ATF cooler with integrated thermostatic valve (example: Audi A6 Biturbo/S4)

SSP213_092 Thermostatic valve

When parts of the auxiliary cooler are replaced or ATF lines are disconnected, the auxiliary cooler goes to idling mode. The auxiliary cooler cannot vent itself at low ATF temperatures, since the thermostatic valve does not open until the AFT temperature reaches approx. 80oC. Given that the correct ATF level is tested at low ATF temperatures, noncompliance with the test requirements will result in a low ATF level. Therefore, it is absolutely necessary to observe the instructions for carrying out the ATF check given in the Workshop Manual.

21

Running gear
Axle
Front and rear swing arms

SSP213_091

The reduction in weight offers additional benets with regard to the running gear in particular, apart from general advantages with respect to fuel efciency, exhaust emission and safety. Driving comfort and handling dynamics have been substantially improved by reducing unsprung and rotating masses.

Further aluminium components will be phased in for the four-link front suspension which will initially be used in the Audi A8 with effect from model year 1999. New swing arms and wheel carriers made of aluminium will also be introduced.

22

Forging, Audi A6

Casting, Audi A8

SSP213_051

The swing arms used in the Audi A8 are manufactured from an Al-Si-Mg alloy by means of a mould casting process. They are then subjected to heat treatment. The swing arms for the Audi A6 - V8 and Audi S4 are forged from an AlMgSi alloy and then undergo heat treatment.

On account of the material pairing of aluminium and steel, it was necessary to reconstruct the wheel bearings and lower link anchorings. To counteract the forces which are applied by the conical seats of the lower aluminium links, the taper seats in the swing arms are designed by means of press-tted steel bushes.

Swing arm

Support link

Taper seat made of steel

SSP213_070 Clamping, lower link

23

Running gear
Wheel bearing
Wheel bearing housing

Wheel hub

Threaded connection

Threaded connection

SSP213_069 Wheel bearing, threaded solution

The wheel bearings are not press-tted into the swing arm or wheel bearing housing (previous construction). They are bolted directly to the swing arm in the form of a unit comprising the bearing and bearing housing. This makes it possible to replace the wheel bearing without having to remove the swing arm or drive shaft.

The aluminium swing arm and the weight optimised wheel hubs together achieve a weight benet on the front axle of approx. 3.8 kg in the Audi A8 and approx. 2.5 kg in the Audi A6 - V8 and S4.

24

HP2 brake caliper (Lukas)

Central spring with leaf spring

SSP213_068

The high-performance HP2 brake system, which has been in use since 1992, was optimised for brake response weight and noise emission.

The new central spring with leaf springs manufactured from stainless steel allows the brake pads to be changed without having to undo threaded connections or use special tools. To avoid contact corrosion between aluminium and steel components, a new zinccobalt coating is applied to the oating caliper carrier and the outer oating caliper. The following brake disc dimensions are used in the vehicles listed below:

The new HP brake caliper is partly made of aluminium. This makes it possible to reduce weight by 2.2 kg at the front axle despite the fact that the brake discs are larger. The guide pins of the oating caliper are positioned further outwards. Together with the large dimensioned centre pins, this provides a favourable leverage, resulting in little clearance between the housing frame and the brake carrier. This measure, and an optimised brake pad location, act positively on brake response and noise emission. It also reduces brake wear.

Brake disc 323 x 30 mm 321 x 30 mm

Vehicle A8 GP A6 - V8 A6 Biturbo S4

25

Running gear
4-piston brake caliper (Brembo)
Central spring

SSP213_071

Radial screw connection at swing arm

An all-aluminium 4-piston brake caliper is used in the Audi S8. The powder-coated brake caliper is attached to the swing arm radially. This fastening method has a positive effect on the brake caliper's vibration characteristics and helps reduce noise.

Weight saving and easy tting are further advantages. The brake discs measure 345 x 30 mm in keeping with engine performance.

The brake pad guides have stainless steel inlays.

Stainless steel inlays

SSP213_037 26

Brake caliper, rear axle

SSP213_047

The rear brake has aluminium oating calipers. A weight reduction of approx. 0.5 kg per brake caliper was achieved by using aluminium. Brake disc: Piston diameter: 269 x 22 mm for A8 280 x 22 mm for S4 43 mm

As with the front wheel brake, the caliper is protected against corrosion by a zinc-cobalt coating.

Since aluminium has a greater tendency to subside, the majority of the threaded connections are made using the torque angle tightening method.

27

Running gear
Gas-lled twin-sleeve shock absorber
In combination with a new suspension setup, shock absorbers, which have a damping characteristic dependent on engine load and travel, are used in the Audi A8 on the front and rear axles. The gas-lled shock absorbers respond to vehicle vibration.

Two grooves in the damper tube serve as a bypass and reduce the resistance of the damper piston. Approx. 40 mm in length, the grooves are located within the operating range of the damper piston when the vehicle is in an unladen* state or if it is laden with one to three persons.

Bypass grooves

SSP213_042 Oil lling

When the spring travels short distances relative to the laden state ( 20 mm), the damper piston moves within the grooved area, reducing the damper forces. This gives rise to good spring response, which in turn has a positive effect on driving comfort. If the piston leaves the grooved area with the springs travelling large distances, the damper force increases. Firm damping in this drive position benets driving safety and increases the vehicle's handling dynamics appreciably.

* unladen state is the bump travel which occurs when the serviceable vehicle (with full fuel tank, spare wheel and tool kit) is standing on its wheels.

28

Hollow-spoke wheel
Rim width

Radial spokes Cavity

Wheel bolt hole Friction weld

SSP213_041

Reducing the weight of the wheels offers advantages in three respects: Reduces kerb weight (static) Reduces unsprung masses Reduces rotating masses The known benets of reducing weight have a much more marked effect on rotating masses (e.g. wheels) than on static masses (e.g. body), since these masses have to be made to rotate in addition to normal acceleration. The aluminium hollow-spoke wheel, therefore, helps to save a great deal of weight.

The light-alloy hollow-spoke 8J x 18 rim, which will be used in an Audi for the rst time in the Audi A8 with effect from model year 99, reduces wheel weight in comparison with the conventional cast aluminium wheel by approx. 2 kg per wheel. The wheel comprises two parts. Designed as a hollow body, the wheel disc (with radial spokes) and rim base are joined by friction welding. In addition to weight advantages, the twopiece construction makes it possible to easily combine the wheel spokes with rims of various widths.

29

Air conditioning system

Operating and display unit E87
Rear window heater button Seat heater control Windscreen heater button

SSP213_011 Temperature sensor Dash panel G56 with fresh air blower for temperature sensor G42

Technical status of operating and display unit major product upgrade Vehicles with a modied dash panel midsection will be equipped with a new air conditioner operating and display unit with effect from model year A8 GP 1999. The automatic air conditioner control unit has been retained. What features are new, both technically and visually? Operator keys have been repositioned. Rear window heater button has been integrated. Seat heater control is replaceable. Connection to CAN bus drive (currently available on A8 only). Key code

The information on ambient temperature supplied by sender G17 is now transferred directly to the dash panel insert, where it is evaluated and made available on the data bus. The information on ambient temperature supplied by sender G89 is still transferred directly to the operating and display unit, where it is evaluated and made available on the data bus. Operating and display unit E87 uses the lower ambient temperature value in each case. Air recirculation mode is automatically switched on for a dened period of time when the windscreen washer switch is operated. The control unit of E87 switches the windscreen heater on in dened conditions. Changed compressor switch-off conditions.

30

Key code When the ignition is turned on, operating and display unit E87 initially adopts the setting, temperature, air distribution and fresh air blower speed which were valid when the ignition was last turned off with this key. The key is coded by reading out the xed transponder code. The immobiliser control unit integrated in the dash panel insert supplies this information to operating and display unit E87 along the CAN bus.

Up to 4 keys can be stored by E87. Information exchange between the automatic air conditioning system and other systems now takes place along the CAN bus

J 220

J 218

J 217

J 104

E 87

SSP213_012

CAN screen

CAN H

CAN L

In the Audi A8, the operating and display unit is connected to the Drive data bus. Depending on the vehicle equipment specication, various control units belong to the drive data bus. If faults occur during information transfer within the bus system from the engine control unit or dash panel insert, then operating and display unit E87 does not switch the compressor on. Using the current ow diagrams, you can establish what and how many control units are connected to the bus system.

Drive data bus in max. communication conguration: J104 J217 J218 J220 E87 ABS control unit with EDL Automatic gearbox control unit Combination processor in dash panel insert Motronic control unit (or equivalent engine control unit) Operating and display unit

To rule out any possibility of interference with the data transfer along the Drive data bus, the data wires are protected by an additional screen and are neutral externally.

31

Air conditioning system

Example: Information networking E87

J218

J220

t CAN-BUS

A t h

t1 K

L K a

E87
SSP213_014

The combination processor in dash panel insert J218 supplies the following information: Coolant temperature t Vehicle road speed v Ambient temperature A Stationary period th

The operating and display unit sends the following messages to the air conditioning system along the Drive data bus: A/C ready (speed increase) Driver input, auxiliary heater Heated rear window Heated windscreen Compressor state OFF/ON No heat output required Ambient temperature (sensor) Air conditioner pressure Compressor load Fresh air blower voltage

Engine control unit J220 supplies the following information: Engine speed n Coolant temperature t1 Air conditioner compressor OFF/ON K Intake air temperature L Air conditioner compressor Off Ka

The operating and display unit, therefore, is no longer connected directly to certain sensors. Self-diagnosis The operating and display unit is integrated in the self-diagnosis. The control unit ID appears on the display of the Diagnostic Testing and Information System (in this special case Index M). The drive data bus must also be tested (the air conditioner control unit utilises the information supplied by other control units).
Control unit ID Index

4DO820043 M D2 Fully automatic air conditionerDXX

Code 00001

WSCXXXXX

32

Auxiliary heating/ ventilation

Function selector switch II E272 (rotary/pushbutton switch)
MENUE RETURN OI

INFO

Heater control unit J162 Aerial Switch

2 1
90 50 120 C

5 6 7
40

60

70

80

100

120

140
160

to M
180
200

Heating mode Ventilation mode

50 30
20

220
240

10

10:02 18.01.1999

260
km

0.0 12.345

280

1/2 0 R 1/1

Radio-wave remote control receiver for additional heating R64

Auxiliary heating

CAN E87

Aux. ventilation

Combination processor in dash panel insert

Fresh air blower On

SSP213_015

What's new? The switch-on time can be preset on the vehicle timer. A separate presetting timer is no longer required. The switch-on time can be programmed with function selector switch II in the central console E272, which is also used for manual switch-on. The programming data are displayed on the dash panel insert display. "Timer activated" or "Auxiliary heating/ ventilation switched on" are currently indicated on the display as follows: Auxiliary ventilation Auxiliary heating Can be switched on by remote control. Range: up to 600 m in the open. There is no additional heating function when the fuel tank is empty. Empty is roughly equivalent to the red display range. The auxiliary heater system has a fault counter. If the auxiliary heater does not start after 6 start-up attempts, then it is switched off (interlocked) completely. The auxiliary heater remains in operation.

switched on timer-activated switch-on

= ashing = steady light

33

Air conditioning system

Temperature control
Automatically controlled air recirculation mode
Combi. lter Fresh air intake Digital square-wave signal to operating and display unit E87 + Air quality sensor G238

NO x CS 2 H2S C 6H14 CO C 6H6

Airborne pollutants

SO2

SSP213_079

In automatic air recirculation mode, a changeover from fresh air mode to air recirculation mode takes place automatically when the sensor detects noxious smells. In automatic air recirculation mode, the change-over takes place as soon as the air quality sensor detects pollutants, i.e. before noxious smells actually develop.

The system components

Air quality sensor G238 An electronic component located in the fresh air intake upstream of the combination lter.
Air quality sensor G238

SSP213_081

Combination lters The combination lters (there are 2 of them) replace the pollen lter. They comprise a particle lter containing activated charcoal. They are tted in the fresh air intake duct.
Combination lter

SSP213_088

34

The operating principle of the automatic change-over system

Manual function switch on/ off button

The automatic air recirculation function can be switched on or off manually.

SSP213_080

The operating principle A gas sensor detects pollutants in the ambient air. When a high pollutant concentration is measured, a signal is transmitted to operating and display unit E87, which then switches from fresh air mode to air recirculation mode. If the pollutant concentration drops below a given threshold, fresh air is again supplied to the vehicle interior. The period between the detection of pollutants and the closing of the fresh air supply is bridged by the activated charcoal in the combination lter. The operating and display unit decides whether to carry out a change-over automatically depending on the level of air pollution, the ambient temperature, driver input and whether the compressor is on or off. What pollutants are detected? The primary pollutants contained in the exhaust gases of the petrol engine are: CO - Carbon monoxide C6H14 - Hexane C6H6 - Benzene C7H16 - n-heptane The constituents of the exhaust gases of diesel engines are: NOX - Nitrogen oxides SO2 - Sulphur dioxide H2S - Hydrogen sulphide CS2 - Carbon bisulphide

Operating and display unit with automatically controlled air recirculation mode

Example:
Ambient temperature > +2 oC > +2 oC +2 oC ... 5 oC < 5 oC Air pollution Low rise Low Higher rise Higher rise Air recirculation yes min. 25 sec. no yes max. 12 sec. max. 12 sec. no no

ECON mode compressor off Defrost mode Warm-up phase of sensor approx. 30 sec.

Automatic air recirculation mode is limited to 12 minutes.

35

Air conditioning system

Air quality sensor G238
In principle, the sensor operates in much the same way as a lambda probe. The measuring element is a mixed oxide sensor which incorporates semiconductor technology (tin oxide - SnO2). Sensitivity to noxious gases is increased by catalytic additives consisting of platinum and palladium. The sensor has an operating temperature of approx. 350oC. Its power consumption of 0.5 watts is very low.

Air quality sensor G238 SSP213_081

The evaluation electronics in the sensor The evaluation electronics integrated in the ultrasonic sensor module react to changes in sensor conductivity. It achieves a high degree of sensitivity. The system is self-adaptive, i.e. selflearning. The electronics determine the average pollutant concentration in the ambient air and send a request for air recirculation to the air conditioner control unit by means of a square-wave signal. The control unit now closes the air recirculation ap and fresh air ap depending on the ambient temperature, driver input, whether the compressor is on or off and the extent of air pollution at peak pollution levels. This ensures that the system is not continuously switched to air recirculation mode in highly polluted areas.

Air quality sensor

Digital squarewave signal Operating and display unit

G238

E87

Air ow ap positioning motor V71

Air recirculation ap positioning motor V113 SSP213_082

Service The air quality sensor is wear-free. When washing the engine compartment, it is important to ensure that the air quality sensor is not wetted with cleaning agent and solvent, as this will impair its ability to operate.

The sensor reacts to exhaust emissions of diesel engines about twenty times more sensitively than to petrol vapours. This is roughly equivalent to the sensitivity of the human nose.

36

The combination lter

The combination lter is a dust and pollen lter made of a non-woven fabric with an additional lter inlay of activated charcoal granulate. The non-woven fabric lters out dust and pollen. The non-woven fabric can also lter out gaseous pollutants such as ozone, benzene, nitrogen dioxide and other pollutants in the air owing through the lter. Function To absorb the gaseous impurities in the air owing through the lter until the fresh air ap is closed and the air conditioning system has gone into air recirculation mode. Air then no longer ows through the lter. Air recirculation mode inevitably extends the lter's service life. The activated charcoal layer reacts differently to different pollutants: Certain pollutants are bound permanently in the lter. Others are converted to harmless compounds in much the same way as in a catalytic converter. The activated charcoal has the same effect on the remaining pollutants as a condenser. At increasing pollution levels, pollutants are absorbed to saturation point. When the pollutant concentration decreases, the absorbed particles are partially released. Some of the pollutants are bound permanently in the lter. It is necessary, therefore, to change the lter from time to time. Service The combination lter must be replaced at the prescribed service intervals. Since the activated charcoal layer permanently binds a fraction of the pollutant particles, it is advisable to replace the lter earlier in certain conditions of use: when operating the vehicle in areas where air pollution levels are high, when operating the vehicle with the automatic air recirculation function switched off most of the time. The combination lter can also be tted in vehicles without an automatically controlled air recirculation mode.
Activated charcoal granulate

SSP213_088 Non-woven fabric

37

Air conditioning system

Function diagram The function diagram represents a simplied current ow diagram and shows how all component parts of the air conditioning system interact with one another.
Code codes = Input signal = Output signal Components D E87 F129 F183 F184 G89 G92 G107 G111 G113 G135 G136 G137 G138 G139 G140 G141 G142 G143 G150 G151 G238 J44 J126 J218 N25 N175 N176 S Ignition switch, terminal 15 Air conditioner operating and display unit Air conditioner pressure switch Vent switch, middle left Vent switch, middle right Fresh air intake duct, temperature sensor Temperature ap positioning motor potentiometer Sunlight penetration photo sensor Air conditioner compressor speed sender Air ow ap positioning motor potentiometer Defrost ap positioning motor potentiometer Potentiometer in left-hand central vent positioning motor Potentiometer in right-hand central vent positioning motor Potentiometer in central vent positioning motor Potentiometer in left-hand footwell ap positioning motor Potentiometer in right-hand footwell ap positioning motor Potentiometer in rear footwell vent positioning motor Potentiometer in central vent Potentiometer in air recirculation ap positioning motor Vent temperature sender, left Vent temperature sender, right Air quality sensor Magnetic clutch relay Fresh air blower control unit Combination processor in dash panel insert Air conditioner magnetic clutch Heat regulation valve left Heat regulation valve right Fuse V2 V50 V68 V71 V102 V107 V108 V109 V110 V111 V112 V113 Z1 Fresh air blower Coolant circulation pump Temperature ap positioning motor Air ow ap positioning motor Centre vents positioning motor Defrost ap positioning motor Left footwell ap positioning motor Right footwell ap positioning motor Centre left vent positioning motor Centre right vent positioning motor Rear footwell vent positioning motor Air recirculation ap positioning motor Heated rear window = Positive = Earth

Auxiliary signals and connections 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 From dash panel insert lighting instruments (terminal 58s) From steering column switch/washer contact To relay for fan speed 1 Air conditioner compressor On/Off signal Speed increase signal Windscreen heater To relay for fan speed 2 (optional) From relay for solar roof From auxiliary heating control unit From steering column switch terminal 58 To relay for radiator fan speed 2 J101 CAN data bus Central earth Signal earth

12 31 X

38

30 15 X 31

30 15 X 31

D+15

10

G142

S J44 N25

F129
in out

V2 G238 J126
M

G107

F183

F184

V50
M

N175

N176

1 31 X 31 X 11 31

E87

3 CAN - BUS H CAN - BUS L

V68
M

V71
M

V102
M

V107
M

V108
M

V109
M

V110
M

V111
M

V112
M

V113
M

t Z1 G150 G151

t G89

t J218

1 G92 12 G113 G138 G135 G139 G140 G136 G137 G141 G143

X
31 31

SSP213_017 39

Electrics
Dash panel insert
The basic information which is displayed by the dash panel insert has been adopted unchanged. The new eight-colour dot matrix display is located in the middle. The messages issued by the driver information system (DIS) cover the representation of graphic information of additional external systems, e.g. navigation, radio, telephone Ambient temperature On-board computer Shift indicator Auto-Check System (in the background) A new feature is: Distance and cruise control display Tyre pressure monitoring (equipment-dependent) Menu guidance You can nd further information regarding distance and cruise control as well as tyre pressure monitoring in a special SSP.

ANTENNE FM1 - 6 TP +25.5 C

6 7

0 5.2
PRN

L 100km

50
40

432

30
20
SSP213_061

Radio-controlled clock The time of day and date are displayed on the two-line clock display. The following segments are also integrated in the clock display: Radio tower at left of clock; the radio tower symbol is only displayed when a radio signal is received. Additional heating and auxiliary ventilation are indicated by symbols, with separate illumination when ignition is off.

12:55
12.8.1998
SSP213_062

40

Menu guidance In conjunction with the major product upgrade of the Audi A8, menu guidance has been introduced for the dash panel insert. The settings are made using function selector switch II E272 in the central console. Options menus are represented on the display of the driver information system. The start menu has the following display modes: Menu from Interrogate Options Help

MENUE
RETURN

INFO

SSP213_063

For instructions on how to operate the various menus as well as the functions, please refer to the vehicle's Owner's Manual.

Display type
Menu from Interrogate Options

6
Help

50
40

The following functions are assigned to the start menu display modes: Menu from On-board computer Auto-Check Control/radio or telephone data Ambient temperature Speed warning "Door open/boot lid open" warning Information display or selector lever position display for automatic gearbox Navigation display*

7
Options Computer Clock Tyre pressure* Auxiliary heating* Auxiliary ventilation* Radio display Speed warning

30
20
SSP213_065

Help The Help function helps you to make the right choices when making entries.

Interrogation functions Oil level Inspection

* equipment-dependent
41

Electrics
Lighting The brightness of the dash panel insert is regulated depending on an integral phototransistor 3 an external phototransistor (G107 in E87) 2 the adjustment made using the dimmer buttons 1
90

5 6 7 8
40

60

70

80

100

120

140
160

50 30
20

180
200

220
240

10

10:02 In addition to the combination lighting, the 18.01.1999 driving light indicator lamps (high beam, parking light, fog lights, etc.) are also dimmed depending on ambient luminosity.
50 120 C

260
km

0.0 12.345

280

1/2 0 R 1/1

SSP213_097

In the A8 GP, all warning lamps have an LED, i.e. when a warning lamp fails, the dash panel insert has to be replaced.

Internal phototransistor Dimmer button

Connections at dash panel insert There are four multi-way connectors on the microprocessor-controlled dash panel insert.

Before doing this, it is very important to interrogate the fault memory and note down the values for Service Interval Display and mileage counter (refer to the relevant Workshop Manual).

Multi-way connector, 32-pin, green

Multi-way connector, 32-pin, blue

SSP213_059 Multi-way connector, 4-pin, black 42 Multi-way connector, 32-pin, grey

Input signals Voltage supply Terminal 30 Terminal 31 Sensor earth

If terminal 30 is missing from the dash panel insert, then SICH or FUSE is indicated continuously on the mileage/kilometer counter display.

Analog signals Fuel tank sender Coolant temperature sender Ambient temperature External phototransistor Digital signals Terminal 15 Distance signal (Reed sender) Terminal TD/W Diagnosis interface (K-wire) Oil pressure switch 1.2 bar (switches to earth when oil pressure > 1.2 bar) Brake pad (shorting jumper to earth/ jumper is disconnected in case of fault) Brake uid switch - switches to earth when brake uid level drops below min. ABS signal Coolant level sender (when coolant level drops below min.) AIRBAG - wire control failure (High potential if airbag has failed) Right-hand parking light (circuit is broken when: light On or NO contact open and when indicating right) Left-hand parking light (circuit is broken when: light On or NO contact open and when indicating left) Ignition switch NO contact (positive if ignition key is in lock) Driver's door contact (closed - earth) if door opened

Front passenger's door contact switch (closed - earth) if door opened Door contact switch rear left (closed - earth) if door opened Door contact switch rear right (closed - earth) if door opened Luggage compartment switch (closed earth) if luggage compartment opened Driver's side belt switch (closed - earth) if not seat belt fastened and tted Input for external buzzer activation (600 Hz, earth = active) Washer uid (switches to earth when washer uid level too low) Onboard computer buttons (RESET, left, right) Glow plug relay (switches to earth, normally open) Hydraulic pressure (switches to earth when pressure drops below minimum) Stop light defective Tail light defective/driving light defective Signals from radio, telephone and navigation computer Bonnet switch External radio digital clock module input Oil level and oil temperature sender Pressure switch for oil lter (feedback on degree of soiling of oil lter) Interface to function selector switch Radio input, additional heating Transponder coil for immobiliser Output signal Speedometer output - signal can be output as inversion of input signal. Dimmer output digital (58s) Dimmer, digital (3W (58d) Switching on fan speed 3 Output to four door contacts (door lock output of central locking) Additional heating On Summer/winter change-over, additional heating 5 V output to external electronics supply CAN connection CAN Drive (high-speed) CAN Convenience (high-speed) CAN Display (high-speed)

43

Electrics
Bus systems
The dash panel insert is equipped with three CAN buses and a gateway function. The following bus systems are used: CAN Drive High-Speed CAN at a transfer speed of 500 kBaud CAN Convenience High-Speed CAN at a transfer speed of 100 kBaud CAN-Display High-Speed CAN at a transfer speed of 100 kBaud The dash panel insert can maintain communications on the CAN bus up to an operating voltage of 6.5 V. You can nd further information regarding the CANbus in SSP 186.

A 'gateway' is a function which assembles pieces of information from various identiers (data messages) of a CAN bus to generate an identier of another CAN bus, thus creating a new message.

MFL Interface J453 Relay slot 3+4 Data message

1 7
1

2 8
2

3 9
3

4 10
4

5 11
5

6 12
6

13

Navigation operating electronics control unit J402

90 50

Combination processor in dash panel insert J218

3 2 1 0
120 C

5 6 7
40

60

70

80

100

120

140
160

50 30
20

180
200

220
240

10

10:02 18.01.1999

260
km

0.0 12.345

280

1/2 0 R 1/1

SSP213_052

44

CAN Drive

J217

J218 E87

J220

J104

SSP213_039

The following control units are networked to one another in CAN Drive: Motronic control unit J220 Automatic gearbox control unit J217 ABS control unit with EDL J104 Air conditioner operating and display unit E87 Combination processor in dash panel insert J218 The networking of the control units, i.e. mutual editing and dispatch of measured data, can be demonstrated well by means of the following examples:

Ambient temperature display: The combination processor in the dash panel insert evaluates the analog voltage signal provided by the NTC resistor for digital display in the dash panel insert. The digital signal is encoded as a binary number and included in the data message. This signal is directly available to all connected control units. The air conditioner operating and display unit outputs the ambient temperature indicated by the plenum chamber sensor G89 via the CAN Drive output. The dash panel insert compares the two temperature values and displays the lower of the two values.

45

Electrics
CAN Display
J218 J402 (screen navigation only) J401 (Navigation1 only)

Radio

J412

Data, Clock Enable (bidirectional) SSP213_045

J402 (Navigation1 only)

The following control units are networked on CAN Display: Radio (symphony only) Control unit for telephone operating electronics J412 Control unit for navigation with CD drive J401 as well as navigation operating electronics control unit J402 for vehicles with Navigation 1, or navigation operating electronics control unit J402 for vehicles with screen navigation (double DIN) Control unit for Telematics J499 (still not implemented) J218 combination processor in dash panel insert

The signal direction for Data and Clock is from the radio to the Auto Check System only. The Enable line is operated bidirectionally. As the lower level control unit, the dash panel insert outputs a data request to the radio and telephone along the Enable line. If the bus display is off load (no message on bus or bus partner off) and a dominant partner (radio, telephone) wants to send a message, the dominant partner activates the Enable line (bidirectional line), and the dash panel insert goes into standby mode.

Communication with the dash panel insert takes place through a three-wire interface by means of the signals Enable, Clock and Data.
46

The radio and telephone operate concurrently on the 3-wire bus of the instrument panel whereby the telephone gives higher priority to the data message than the radio data message.

Enable

Data

Clock
SSP213_089

The ag byte, dataset and check byte are transmitted along the Data and Clock wires. The data message comprises a total of 18 bytes which are transferred from the radio or telephone to the dash panel insert and displayed as a message. 1 The rst byte with different bits contains the identier for radio or telephone. 2 - 17 bytes contain the dataset or message 18 byte is the check byte which contains the checksum of the message.

Flag byte

Dataset

Check byte

SSP213_046

No data messages are transferred along the Enable line.

47

Electrics
Navigation (example: Navigation1)
2 1
90 50 120 C

5 6 7
40

60

70

80

100

120

140
160

50 30
20

180
200

220
240

10

10:02 18.01.1999

260
km

0.0 12.345

280

1/2 0 R 1/1

J218

3-wire high-speed CAN

MENUE
+

R T

RETURN

INFO

J402

Navigation

Function selector switch

1-wire CAN

3-wire low-speed CAN

TRACK SEEK EJECT FR FF

Tel. bus
TUNE SCAN AS TP FADER RDS RANDOM

Remote
J412 J453

CD
1

CDC AM FM
2

1 EJECT BASS

Audi symphony MIDDLE TREBLE

DOLBY SYSTEM

BALANCE

PLAY

TAPE

SDE

Tel.

(MFL) Multi-function steering wheel interface Enable (bidirectional)

Symphony radio SSP213_090 Data, clock

The navigation interface Interfaces the dash panel insert to the parallel components radio/telephone (MFL Interface). Both interfaces are implemented as a wire bus (Clock, Data, Enable). However, message buildup, protocols and transfer rates of bus subscribers radio/telephone and navigation system are different. The navigation interface fullls the tasks of implementing and adapting information transfer in both directions.

The following information is transferred: Messages from the dash panel insert to the navigation system through Enable pulse length coding (request new screen, navigation no longer on display, repeat request, radio request, etc.) Navigation messages for screen build-up, radio, telephone messages and other control messages from the navigation system to the dash panel insert. Data are contained in protected data structures. Data messages from the navigation system to the components radio and telephone. Data messages from the components radio and telephone to the navigation system.

48

CAN Convenience
J218 J502 J446

SSP213_040 J364

In CAN Convenience, the following control units are internetworked: Combination processor in dash panel insert J218 Control unit for tyre pressure monitoring J502 Control unit for parking aid J446 Additional heating control unit J364

49

Electrics
Self-diagnosis of dash panel insert New contents in the following functions: 02 - Interrogate fault memory 08 - Read measured value block 10 - Adaptation A static fault is saved if the malfunction exists for at least 20 seconds.

Interrogate fault memory With the introduction of CAN systems, the interrogation/fault numbers which are monitored and stored have been incremented. In the fault memory of the Audi A8, for example, this results in the following additional fault locations which can be displayed:

Data line from Navigation Navigation operating electronics control unit Control unit for Telematics Telephone Radio control unit Engine control unit Gearbox control unit ABS control unit Tyre pressure monitoring Parking aid CAN Display CAN Convenience CAN Drive Ambient temperature signal

implausible signal

SSP213_038

no communication no communication no communication no communication no communication no communication no communication no communication no communication defective in single-wire mode - defective in single-wire mode - defective in single-wire mode - open circuit/ short circuit to positive/ short circuit to earth

Please use the current Workshop Manuals to rectify any faults.

50

08 - Read measured value block Display groups 12 to 16 give information on the Flexible Service Interval display: Display groups 125, 126, 130 and 140 clearly show what control units are located on the CAN bus. If a eld in the display group contains no entries, then this is an indication that this control unit is not connected to the CAN bus.

Measured value block 125 Read measured value block 125 Engine 1 Gearbox 1 Display

ADR - display eld for CAN interface 1 - denotes ADR control unit is one of the CAN bus users Empty display eld denotes ADR control unit is not connected to CAN bus ABS - display eld for CAN interface 1 - denotes ABS control unit is connected to CAN bus Empty display eld denotes ABS control unit is not connected to CAN bus Gearbox - display eld for CAN interface 1 - denotes gearbox control unit is connected to CAN bus Empty display eld denotes gearbox control unit is not connected to CAN bus

Engine - display eld for CAN interface 1 - denotes engine control unit is connected to CAN bus Empty display eld denotes engine control unit is not connected to CAN bus

Measured value block 126 Read measured value block 126 Air conditioner 1 Display

Air conditioner - display eld for CAN interface 1 - denotes air conditioner control unit is connected to CAN bus Empty display eld denotes air conditioner control unit is not connected to CAN bus

51

Electrics
Measured value block 130 Read measured value block 130 Display

Parking aid - display eld for CAN interface 1 - denotes parking aid control unit is connected to CAN bus Empty display eld denotes parking aid control unit is not connected to CAN bus

Additional heating - display eld for CAN interface 1 - denotes additional heating control unit is connected to CAN bus Empty display eld denotes additional heating control unit is not connected to CAN bus Tyre pressure - display eld for CAN interface 1 - denotes tyre pressure control unit is connected to CAN bus Display eld denotes tyre pressure control unit is not connected to CAN bus

Measured value block 140 Read measured value block 140 Display

Telematics - display eld for CAN interface 1 - denotes Telematics control unit is connected to CAN bus Empty display eld denotes Telematics control unit is not connected to CAN bus Navigation - display eld for CAN interface 1 - denotes navigation control unit is connected to CAN bus Empty display eld denotes navigation control unit is not connected to CAN bus

Telephone - display eld for CAN interface 1 - denotes telephone control unit is connected to CAN bus Empty display eld denotes telephone control unit is not connected to CAN bus

Radio - display eld for CAN interface 1 - denotes radio control unit is connected to CAN bus Display eld denotes radio control unit is not connected to CAN bus

52

10 - Adaptation In the Audi A8 GP, for example, the following additional adaptation functions can be inuenced: Channel 02 - Adaptation of FSIA to Fix or Flexible 18 - Operating states of the additional heating 40 - Mileage/kilometres since inspection 41 - Time since inspection 42 - Minimum mileage/kilometres to inspection 43 - Maximum mileage/kilometres to inspection 44 - Maximum time interval to inspection 45 - Oil grade for calculating the maintenance interval 47 - Soot entrainment for calculating the maintenance interval for diesel vehicles

48 - Thermal load of oil for calculating the maintenance interval for diesel vehicles 60 - Adaptation, CAN Drive 61 - Adaptation, CAN Convenience 62 - Adaptation, CAN Display

The tted control units which are connected to the CAN Drive in the Audi A8 GP are added. Table: Drive CAN Equipment Engine Gearbox ABS Air conditioner ADR Dash panel insert Adaptation value 1 2 4 8 32 1024 The adaptation values can be found in the relevant Workshop Manual.

Example: Automatic gearbox Engine + gearbox + ABS + dash panel insert = 1 + 2 + 4 + 1024 = 1031

53

Electrics
Sound system
symphony radio
TRACK SEEK EJECT FR FF

TUNE CD
1

SCAN AS TP

CDC AM FM
2

1 EJECT BASS

Audi symphony MIDDLE TREBLE

DOLBY SYSTEM

BALANCE

FADER

RDS RANDOM

PLAY

TAPE

SDE

SSP213_085

The symphony radio has the following outstanding features: Integrated Single-CD Player Improved ease of operation, e.g. separate sound control in the high, mid and low frequency bands System is CAN bus compatible Use of the change-over box The geometry of the rear window results in different magnetic eld strengths which can impair the reception (Rx) level in certain situations. To optimise reception, aerials for the FM range as well as an aerial for the AM range are integrated in the rear window in the Audi A8 4.

FM range: The FM reception signals are consecutively supplied to the radio by 4 ampliers, FM/AM and FM via the change-over box. The radio makes a frequency adjustment and requests the change-over box via the intermediate frequency line to utilise the appropriate aerial and the highest reception signal. AM range: The reception signal in the AM range is permanently supplied via the FM/AM amplier.

Aerial signal Changeover box

FM1/AM FM1 FM2 FM3 AM FM2 FM3 FM4

Intermediate frequency line symph. radio optional

FM4 CD changer

SSP213_086 54

Flexible Service Interval Display

The Service Interval Display informs the driver when a service is necessary. The Fixed Interval Display, i.e. with limitation of distance or time to next service to 15,000 km or 1 year respectively, will be replaced gradually by a Flexible Service Interval Display. Compared to rigid maintenance intervals, the Flexible Service Interval Display allows better use to be made of the engine oil's performance reserves. A new sensor for detecting oil level and oil temperature has been developed for this purpose. How do you identify what variant (Fixed or Flexible) is tted? The adaptation channels, e.g. 45, 46 and 47, can only be displayed in connection with the FSIA!

You can nd further information on the Flexible Service Interval Display in SSP 207.
Oil level sensor

Bonnet contact Dash panel insert Engine control unit

Warning display 1. Priority oil level min 2. Priority oil level min over distance

Mileage/kilometer counter
Oil level
high Inspection in 8000 km

Inspection

Oil level Back

50
40

6
Back

50
40

The oil level and the mileage/ kilometres to next service can be interrogated using of the function selector switch.

30
20

7
Interrogate
Oil level Inspection

30
20

6
Display
Menu from Interrogate Options Back

50
40

7 50

30
20

6
MENUE
RETURN

Help

40

7
INFO

30
20

SSP213_067 55

Electrics
Electronic tyre pressure monitoring
Function selector switch

Combination processor in dash panel insert

Control unit for tyre pressure monitoring

Receiver aerials
MENUE
RETURN INFO

Tyre valve with wheel electronics

SSP213_001

Function The electronic tyre pressure monitor continuously monitors tyre pressure during the trip and when the vehicle is stationary. An electronic metering and transmitter unit integrated in the tyre valve transmits a radio signal to a receiver aerial tted in the wheel housing and control unit for monitoring the tyre pressure at regular intervals. The control unit evaluates the tyre pressures or changes in tyre pressure and relays the appropriate warnings to the dash panel insert where they are displayed to the driver by the Driver Information System (DIS). The following situations can be identied: Gradual loss of pressure; the driver is informed early, allowing tyre pressure to be corrected. Sudden loss of pressure; the driver is warned immediately during the trip. Excessive loss of pressure when vehicle is stationary; the driver is warned straight after turning on the ignition.

56

The wheel electronics together with the valve form a compact unit which is bolted to the rim. An intelligent sensor developed specially for this application is located here. This sensor comprises a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and an integrated circuit for complete measured-value acquisition and signal conditioning. This sensor activates the HF transmitter stage. The sensor and transmitter stage are powered by a lithium battery.
SSP213_004

The receiver aerial receives the data message supplied by the wheel sensor and transfers this to the control unit for tyre pressure monitoring for further processing.

SSP213_005

The function selector switch The electronic tyre pressure monitoring function is activated and the momentary tyre pressures is stored in the submenu for tyre pressure using the selector switch function.
RETURN

MENUE

The subject of electronic tyre pressure monitoring is dealt with in detail in one of the following SSPs.

INFO

SSP213_063

57

Electrics
Acoustic parking aid, front and rear

Cont. tone

Intermittent warning beeps

Intermittent warning beeps

Cont. tone

SSP213_050

The Acoustic Parking System (APS) is an ultrasound based system that helps the driver to manoeuvre the vehicle. It alerts the driver by means of audible signals when the vehicle is approaching an obstacle. Function After turning on the ignition, the microcomputer performs a self-test and checks the periphery. The control unit is now permanently in operation. Distance sensing is activated when you select a drive position or a gear. The function display in the parking aid switch lights up to indicate that the parking aid, and with it the distance sensing function, is active.

Intermittent warning beeps sound when the vehicles comes within approx. 160 centimetres of an obstacle. The closer the vehicle moves towards the obstacle, the shorter the interval between warning beeps. When the vehicle comes within approx. 20 cm of an obstacle, the intermittent beeps become a continuous tone. To the driver, the direction of the warning beeps is identical to the direction of the obstacle.

58

Ultrasound converter The ultrasound converters are housed in the front and rear bumper covers. They act as actuators and sensors, i.e. they transmit and receive signals. Control unit for parking aid J446 gives the command to transmit or receive ultrasonic waves. The converters receive an echo reected by the obstacle. In the converters, evaluation electronics calculate the distance between the vehicle and an obstacle from the echo propagation time, i.e. the time between transmission and reception of the signal to the individual converters. The evaluation electronics in the converters generate digital signals from the echo signals and relay them to the control unit. In the control unit, the time between the command to transmit ultrasonic waves and receive digital signals from the converter is evaluated by timers. The distance between the vehicle and the obstacle is calculated from the different times computed by the control unit using the triangulation method. Triangulation From the various distances it can be concluded that the object is located between the 2nd and 3rd converters. Height h can be determined using Pythagoras theorem. The resulting distance is 44 cm.
Sample calculation

SSP213_072

99 cm
Trailer operation is detected via the microswitch in trailer socket F216 and deactivates the rear APS.

45 cm 59 cm h=?

75 cm

If the distance between the two outer sensors and the obstacle does not change, the vehicle is driving alongside a wall. The warning beep is switched off after approx. 3 seconds and does not sound again until the distance to the obstacle lessens.

Converters

SSP213_083

59

Electrics
Function diagram

G202 G203 G204 G205 G252 G253 G254 G255 H15 H22

Parking aid sender, rear left Parking aid sender, rear left centre Parking aid sender, rear right centre Parking aid sender, rear right Parking aid sender, front right Parking aid sender, front right centre Parking aid sender, front left centre Parking aid sender, front left Warning buzzer for rear parking aid Warning buzzer for front parking aid

F4 F123 F125 F216 E266 K136 K159 J218 J446

Reversing light switch Anti-theft alarm, tailgate/boot lid contact switch Function selector switch/automatic Rear fog light cut-out, contact switch Contact switch for parking aid Parking aid warning lamp Parking aid warning lamp Combination processor in dash panel insert Control unit for parking aid

The function display in the parking aid switch is lit continuously when the parking aid is active. If a fault occurs in a converter or tone generator, the function display ashes at a frequency of 2 Hz.

60

30 15 X

30 15 X

+ 30

D S
+ 15

F4

F125

J446

J218

G203

G204

G205

G206

G252

G253

G254

G255

H15

H12

E266

K136/K159

F123

31

31

SSP213_019 61

Electrics
Windscreen heater
Function The windscreen is not heated like the rear window, i.e. by means of individual wires. It is heated by a metal foil sandwiched between the windows.

Windscreen schematic diagram of layered structure

Outer glass pane Thickness 2.1 mm Decorative print Grid area Decorative print Fully printed area Uncoated border region Heated IRR coating Resistance 2.2 PVB foil 0.38 mm thick PVB foil 0.76 mm thick SSP213_006 Inner glass pane Thickness 1.6 mm

Communication between the air conditioner/ Climatronic operating and display unit E87 and the control unit for heated windscreen J505 is bidirectional. Air conditioner/Climatronic operating and display unit E87 issues a heating request to control unit J505. The control unit for heated windscreen J505 sends the conrmation for operation of the windscreen heater to the air conditioner/ Climatronic operating and display unit along the same wire.

Electrical circuit

Air cond./Climatronic operating and display unit E87

Bidirectional

Control unit for heated windscreen J505

DC/DC +12V -12V

Windscreen 62

SSP213_003

Signal shape of heating request issued by air conditioner/Climatronic operating and display unit E87 The air conditioner/Climatronic operating and display unit sends a Low signal to the control unit for heated windscreen J505 as a heating request.

Bidirectional Vbat

1/2 Vbat Control unit for heated windscreen J505

Air conditioner/Climatronic operating and display unit E87

Signal shape of windscreen ready for heating as well as heating by the control unit for heated windscreen J505 The control unit for heated windscreen J505 signals when the windscreen heating is ready in the form of a Vbat signal. Windscreen heating On is implemented by a 1/2 Vbat signal.

Bidirectional Vbat

1/2 Vbat Control unit for heated windscreen J505

Air conditioner/Climatronic operating and display unit E87

63

Electrics
The following ambient conditions are required to operate the windscreen heater:

Switch-on functions/conditions Automatic setting on air conditioner/Climatronic operating and display unit: Engine running Ambient temperature < +5oC Air conditioning system in the Heating mode Vent temperature < +35oC Heating period dependent on ambient temperature at 0oC ~ 2 min. and 20oC ~ 4 min. Limitation of fresh air blower voltage to 4 volts Operating state is not indicated Switch off after exceeding one of the values < +5oC and < +35oC or max. 4 min.

Defrost setting on air conditioner/Climatronic operating and display unit: Engine running Ambient temperature < +5oC Heating period dependent on ambient temperature Limitation of fresh air blower voltage to 7 volts In the operating state, the LED in the Defrost button ashes or the Defrost symbol is displayed in the fresh air blower speed.

The windscreen heater cannot be activated in the switch position ECON on the air conditioner/Climatronic operating and display unit.

If the windscreen is damaged by external inuences (e.g. cracked by stone chips), the windscreen heater must be shut down immediately. To avoid causing the air conditioning system to malfunction, the connection to the windscreen heater control unit must be interrupted. The connector must be disconnected from the windscreen heater control unit.

Control unit J505

SSP213_002 Connectors

64

Dynamic headlight range control

Headlight range control motor, left V48 and right V49

Self-levelling suspension control unit J197

Vehicle levelling sender, front left G78

Vehicle levelling sender, rear left G76 SSP213_076

A headlight cleaning system and automatic headlight range control are compulsory requirements for vehicles with gas discharge headlights. The system comprises the following components: Vehicle levelling sensors at front and rear axles Control unit for headlight range control Control motor for left and right gas discharge headlights The automatic, static headlight range control tted previously automatically adapts the angle of inclination of the light beam emerging from the headlight to the load state of the vehicle.

When the vehicle is stationary with the ignition turned on, headlight range control is activated and set to the initial position. The dynamic control also operates as a quasi-static system until the dipped beam headlight is switched on, i.e. the angle of inclination of the light beam is slowly adapted depending on the vehicles inclination. Vehicle level sensors (1 apiece) at the front and rear axles supply a signal indicating the bumped state of the springs. The inclination setting of the emerging light beam is calculated from the difference between these two input signals in the control unit for headlight range control to provide optimum road illumination. A signal proportional to the vehicle road speed is evaluated in the control unit, dening the control characteristic of the dynamic headlight range control.

65

Electrics
Comparison of static and dynamic headlight range control

Speed

Brakes

Acceleration

Time Area of increased dazzling Dynamic control Headlight range

Area of reduced eld of vision Static control Time SSP213_078

Control is vehicle-specic. The mode of operation of the headlight range control adjusters is adapted to the vehicles operating state. A short reaction time is required in dynamic driving situations, such as braking and accelerating. At a constant road speed, the system reacts slowly. The reaction times of the system are dened by a variable electrical lter. It is also responsible for absorbing fault signals such as bumps and pot-holes for example.

The control unit has self-diagnostic capability and can be adapted specically to the vehicle through the diagnosis interface. A faulty headlight range control system is indicated by an indication in the dash panel insert.

66

Gas discharge headlight system Both the dipped beam and main beam are produced by only one gas discharge headlight. When the dipped/main beam switch is operated, an actuator brings the gas discharge headlight in the reector into two different positions which dene the emitted light cone for the main or dipped beam headlight. The additional halogen headlight tted with an H7 lamp provides longrange illumination and acts as a asher when the light is not switched on.

Parking light 12 V/6 W

Main beam headlight Gas discharge headlight 35 W

Dipped beam headlight

Main beam headlight H7 12 V/55 W Dipped beam position

SSP213_036

Actuator

Main beam position

67

Service
Special tools
Pressure piece for crankshaft sealing ring Order No.T40007

SSP213_007

Tensioning roller key Order No.T40009

SSP213_008

Camshaft retainer Order No.T40005

SSP213_009

Extractor for aluminium support link Swing arm Order No.T40010

SSP213_010 68

Removal/assembly device VAS 5161 for valve repair (all VW/Audi engines)

1 18 15 3 4 2 5 6 16 14 11 13 17 12 8
SSP213_016

10 12 9

VAS 5161/ 1 VAS 5161/ 2 VAS 5161/ 3 VAS 5161/ 4 VAS 5161/ 5 VAS 5161/ 6 VAS 5161/ 7 VAS 5161/ 8 VAS 5161/ 9 VAS 5161/10 VAS 5161/11 VAS 5161/12 VAS 5161/13 VAS 5161/14 VAS 5161/15 VAS 5161/16 VAS 5161/17 VAS 5161/18

1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1

Case Thrust fork with lever for mounting cartridge Drift Interlocking fork M6/M8 Interlocking fork M6/M8 with threaded bolt Grid Guide plate, dia. 22, for V8 - 5 V Assembly cartridge, dia. 22, for 4-cyl. 5 V / 6 cyl. - 5 V / V8 - 5 V / V 6 - TDI 4 V Guide plate, dia. 22, for V6 - TDI 4 V Sealing pin for VAS 5161/9 Adapter for compressed air connection M6 knurled head screw Guide bush, dia. 22 / 5-valve engines, intake valve Guide bush, dia. 22 / 5-valve engines, exhaust valve Mounting cartridge, dia. 30 / 2-valve engines Guide bush, dia. 30 / 2-valve engines Spacer ring, dia. 22 for assembly cartridge (V 6 - TDI 4 V) Valve insertion device (6 dia. - 7 dia.)

69

Body
Wiper system

SSP213_024

The windscreen wiper system used on the Audi A8 has been redesigned on the driver's side. The purpose of the revision is to reduce noise levels. This was achieved by using a modied wipe operation. The wiper blade has an additional pivot point on the windscreen wiper arm which allows it to turn into the headwind earlier. The noise level is modied with the support of the wind deector plate and the associated change in the air ow.

The midpoint of the wiper blade continues to follow an orbital path. The path of the wiper blade ends on the other hand is dened by the additional pivot point. The wiper blade tip initially accelerates more quickly to allow it to end the wipe cycle slowly. The wiper blade achieves a better, aerodynamic working position in this way.

70

Notes

71

Outlook 99
AL 2 Tyre pressure monitoring TT Roadster CVT gearbox Common Rail V8 5 V engine

All rights reserved. Technical specications subject to change without notice. AUDI AG Dept. I/VK-5 D-85045 Ingolstadt Fax +49 841/89-36367 940.2810.32.20 Technical status 02/99 Printed in Germany

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