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    Data Center Cabling A Data Center - TIA-942 - Presentation

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    Gonzalo Prado
    This document summarizes a presentation about cabling a data center according to the TIA-942 standard. The presentation covers an overview of the standard including what constitutes a data center, different data center tiers based on availability, and the typical telecommunications spaces defined in the standard like the entrance room and main distribution area. It also discusses recommendations for cabling media, horizontal and backbone cabling topologies, cabling pathways, and implementing redundancy as required by the various tiers.

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    Data Center Cabling A Data Center - TIA-942 - Presentation

    Uploaded by

    Gonzalo Prado
    771 views61 pages
    This document summarizes a presentation about cabling a data center according to the TIA-942 standard. The presentation covers an overview of the standard including what constitutes a data center, different data center tiers based on availability, and the typical telecommunications spaces defined in the standard like the entrance room and main distribution area. It also discusses recommendations for cabling media, horizontal and backbone cabling topologies, cabling pathways, and implementing redundancy as required by the various tiers.

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    Data Center Cabling a Data Center - TIA-942 - Presentation

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    This document summarizes a presentation about cabling a data center according to the TIA-942 standard. The presentation covers an overview of the standard including what constitutes a data center, different data center tiers based on availability, and the typical telecommunications spaces defined in the standard like the entrance room and main distribution area. It also discusses recommendations for cabling media, horizontal and backbone cabling topologies, cabling pathways, and implementing redundancy as required by the various tiers.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    771 views61 pages

    Data Center Cabling A Data Center - TIA-942 - Presentation

    Uploaded by

    Gonzalo Prado
    This document summarizes a presentation about cabling a data center according to the TIA-942 standard. The presentation covers an overview of the standard including what constitutes a data center, different data center tiers based on availability, and the typical telecommunications spaces defined in the standard like the entrance room and main distribution area. It also discusses recommendations for cabling media, horizontal and backbone cabling topologies, cabling pathways, and implementing redundancy as required by the various tiers.

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    of 61

    Cabling a Data Center to TIA-942 Standard

    BICSI 2006 Winter Conference Wednesday, January 25th 2006 at 9:15 am

    Gary J. Bernstein, RCDD HellermannTyton Corporation

    Agenda
    Overview of TIA-942 Data Center Standard How is a data center defined? Who is the standard for? How can the standard help you better design your infrastructure? Cabling media options Examples of typical applications

    Summary of TIA-942
    Purpose is to provide requirements and guidelines for the DESIGN and INSTALLATION of a data center or computer room Will enable design to be involved early in construction process Allow for long term planning of data centers to support growth and future applications

    Outline of Standard
    Design Cabling System Infrastructure Telecommunications Spaces & Topologies Cabling Systems Cabling Pathways Redundancy Informative Annexes

    What is a data center?


    A building or portion of a building whose primary function is to house a computer room and its support areas

    Types of Data Centers


    Private Domain or Enterprise

    Public Domain

    Data Center Design


    Coordination of all aspects of a data center is critical including:
    Telecommunications cabling system Equipment floor plan Electrical plans Architectural plan HVAC Security Lighting system

    Recommended Design Process


    Estimate needs at full capacity for all equipment Anticipate future growth over life of data center Provide all requirements to architects and engineers Create an equipment floor plan Design telecommunications cabling system

    Building Site Building Shell


    General Office Space TRs & ERs Serving spaces outside DC

    Data Center Relationship of spaces in a data center


    Support Staff Entrance Room(s)
    DC Electrical & Mechanical Rooms

    NOC

    TR(s) serving DC spaces

    Storage Rooms & Loading Docks

    Computer Room

    Data Center Tiers


    Relates to levels of availability of infrastructure Tier Classifications were originally defined by The Uptime Institute Addresses critical systems of data center Critical systems may have different ratings Ratings can be degraded as data center load increases over time

    Tier I - Basic
    Single path for power and cooling distribution No redundant components May not have a raised floor Susceptible to disruption from planned and unplanned activity 28.8 hours of annual downtime

    Tier II Redundant Components


    Single path for power and cooling distribution Redundant components Has a raised floor Slightly less susceptible to disruptions than Tier I 22.0 hours of annual downtime

    Tier III Concurrently Maintainable


    Multiple power and cooling distribution paths
    Only one active path

    Redundant Components Allows for any planned site infrastructure activity without disrupting computer hardware operation 1.6 hours of annual downtime

    Tier IV Fault Tolerant


    Multiple active power and cooling distribution paths Redundant components All computer hardware must have dual power inputs Can sustain at least one worst-case, unplanned failure or event with no critical load impact 0.4 hours of annual downtime

    TIA-942 Defines Critical Systems


    Telecommunications* Architectural and Structural Electrical Mechanical

    Tier 1 Telecommunications Requirements


    Cabling, racks, cabinets & pathways meet TIA-942 requirements Has 1 entrance pathway from access provider to facility Single pathway for all cabling Recommended labeling per ANSI/TIA/EIA-606-A and Annex B

    Tier 2 Telecommunications Requirements


    All requirements of Tier 1 Has 2 entrance pathways from access provider to facility Routers & switches to have redundant power supplies and processors Addresses vulnerability of service entering building

    Tier 3 Telecommunications Requirements


    All requirements of Tier 2 Be served by at least 2 access providers A secondary entrance room Redundant backbone pathways Multiple routers and switches for redundancy Addresses vulnerability of a single access provider

    Tier 4 Telecommunications Requirements


    All requirements of Tier 3 Redundant backbone cabling Backbone cabling should be in conduit or have interlocking armor Optional secondary distribution area Optional redundant horizontal cabling Address any vulnerability of the cabling infrastructure

    Telecommunications Spaces
    Entrance Room (ER) Main Distribution Area (MDA) Horizontal Distribution Area (HDA) Zone Distribution Area (ZDA) Equipment Distribution Area (EDA)

    Example of basic data center topology from TIA-942

    Entrance Room
    Access provider demarcation point Termination equipment for access provider cables Interface between data center cabling and interbuilding cabling Pathways for all entrance cables May be located inside or outside computer room

    Main Distribution Area


    Central point of distribution Includes the main cross-connect (MC) May include horizontal crossconnect (HC) Core routers & switches for LAN/SAN, PBX are located here Located inside computer room Must be at least one MDA

    Horizontal Distribution Area


    Supports all the cabling to the equipment distribution areas Includes the horizontal crossconnect (HC) Switches for equipment in EDA located here Located inside computer room Minimum of one HDA per floor

    Zone Distribution Area


    Optional inter-connection point within horizontal cabling Located between HDA and EDA Allows frequent reconfiguration and flexibility Should serve a maximum of 288 connections to avoid cable congestion Shall be no active equipment (except for DC power)

    Equipment Distribution Area


    Space for end equipment:
    Servers Mainframes Tape Drives

    Horizontal cabling is terminated here onto patch panels Point-to-point cabling between equipment is allowed

    Data Center Cabling System

    Recognized Cabling Media


    100-Ohm twisted-pair cable 62.5/125 m or 50/125 m multimode fiber Singlemode fiber 75 Ohm coaxial cable Various options for each media
    Traditional field terminations Pre-terminated configurations Pre-terminated Traditional

    Horizontal Cabling Topology


    Horizontal Distribution Area
    Horizontal Cabling

    Equipment Distribution Area

    Horizontal Cabling

    Zone Distribution Area


    Horizontal Cabling

    Equipment Distribution Area

    Horizontal Cabling
    Cabling from HDA to EDA including
    Horizontal cables Horizontal cross-connects Patch Cords Optional consolidation point or zone outlet

    100 meter MAX horizontal cable distance


    Distance reduced if zone area cable used

    48-Port Patch Panels


    THE SIEMON COMPANY
    SD

    Horizontal Cabling

    Patch bay

    THE SIEMON COMPANY

    SD

    THE SIEMON COMPANY

    SD

    THE SIEMON COMPANY

    SD

    Patch Cord into Server Patch Cord into Switch Servers Switch

    THE SIEMON COMPANY

    SD

    THE SIEMON COMPANY

    SD

    THE SIEMON COMPANY

    SD

    THE SIEMON COMPANY

    SD

    8 FA S TA T N US

    P ow er S uppl y 1

    P ow er S uppl y 2

    Ca ta ly st 6500

    SER I ES

    Sample Application HDA EDA

    48-Port Patch Panels


    THE SIEMON COMPANY
    SD

    THE SIEMON COMPANY

    SD

    Servers Patch Cord into Switch

    THE SIEMON COMPANY

    SD

    THE SIEMON COMPANY

    SD

    THE SIEMON COMPANY

    SD

    THE SIEMON COMPANY

    SD

    THE SIEMON COMPANY

    SD

    THE SIEMON COMPANY

    SD

    Switch
    FA S TA N T US

    Patch Cord into Server Horizontal Cabling

    P ow er S uppl y 1

    P ow er S uppl y 2

    Ca ta ly st 6500

    SER I ES

    HDA

    ZDA

    EDA

    Backbone Cabling Topology


    Entrance Room
    Backbone Cabling

    TR

    Main Distribution Area

    Backbone Cabling

    Horizontal Distribution Area

    Horizontal Distribution Area

    Backbone Cabling
    Cabling between ER, MDA and HDA including:
    Backbone cables Main cross-connects Horizontal cross-connects Patch cords

    Shall allow network reconfigurations and future growth

    Cabling Pathways
    Data Centers shall adhere to ANSI/TIA-569-B specifications with exceptions noted in standard Cabling shall not be routed through public spaces unless enclosed in secure pathways Maintenance holes, pull boxes, splice boxes shall be locked and monitored

    Cabling Pathways Separation of Cabling


    Proper distances must be maintained between electrical and twisted pair cables Branch electrical circuits should be in watertight flexible metal conduit Feeder electrical circuits to power distribution units should be in solid metal conduit If using cable tray MINIMUM of 12 between trays

    Cabling Pathways Separation of Cabling


    Access Floors Allocate separate aisles for power and telecommunications cabling If not possible, then provide both horizontal and vertical separation

    Cabling Pathways Separation of Cabling


    Cable Trays Fiber and copper cabling in trays should be separated:
    Improves administration Minimizes damage to smaller diameter cables If possible, fiber should be on top of copper

    Cabling Pathways Entrance Room


    Should all be underground Each Access Provider should have at least one 4 conduit Shall meet ANSI/TIA-569-B

    Cabling Pathways Access Floors


    Cabling under floor shall be in ventilated cable trays Trays may be installed in multiple layers Trays shall have a maximum depth of 6 Access floor should use bolted stringer structure Plenum rated cable is typical consult AHJ

    Cabling Pathways Overhead Cable Trays


    Trays may be installed in multiple layers Trays shall have a maximum depth of 6 In shared-tenant data center common spaces:
    Solid bottom tray OR MIN of 9 ft above finished floor

    Tray should be supported from ceiling

    Redundancy
    Reliability of telecommunications infrastructure needs to be increased
    Defined by Tier ratings

    Very common to have multiple Service Providers Entrance Pathways should be on opposite ends of building If secondary ER required:
    Access provider equipment should be able to operate independently 20 meters of separation Separate fire protection zones

    Redundancy Main Distribution Area


    If secondary distribution required:
    Core routers and switches should be distributed Circuits should be split Separate fire protection zones Separate power distribution units Separate air conditioning systems

    Infrastructure Redundancy
    MDA
    (Primary)

    EDA

    HDA

    EDA

    SDA
    (Redundant)

    HDA

    ZDA

    EDA

    Redundancy Backbone Cabling


    Protects against outage caused by damage Common to see additional cabling
    MDA to HDA HDA to HDA

    Cabling should be run along different routes If secondary distribution area


    Not required HDA to HDA

    Redundancy Horizontal Cabling


    Cabling should be run along different routes Still must meet 100 meter maximum cable lengths Critical equipment can be supported by 2 HDAs
    Separate fire protection zones

    Informative Annex B

    Identification of Cabling Infrastructure


    Data Centers should adhere to ANSI/TIA/EIA-606-A with exceptions as noted in standard

    Identification Scheme for Floor Space


    Floor space should track the data center grid Use two letters and two numeric digits to identify each 600mm x 600mm (2ft X 2ft) floor tile AA, AB, ACAZ, BA, BB, BCand so on

    Sample Floor Space Identifier


    AA 01 02 03 04 AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AI

    AJ

    AK

    AL

    AM

    AN

    X Coordinate

    05
    06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13

    Y Coordinate

    Identification Scheme for Racks and Cabinets


    All racks and cabinets should be labeled front and back For rooms with access floors, each rack and cabinet to have a unique identifier based on floor tile coordinates If cabinet rests on more than one tile, the same corner of each cabinet can be used to identify the grid location
    Example: Front right corner

    X Coordinate
    AA 01 02 03 04 AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AI

    AJ

    AK

    AL

    AM

    AN

    05
    06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13

    Right Front Corner

    Sample Cabinet

    Y Coordinate

    Sample Cabinet Identifier:

    AJO5

    Identification Scheme for Racks and Cabinets


    In data centers with multiple floors, the floor number should be added as a prefix to the cabinet number EXAMPLE: A cabinet whose right front corner is at tile AJ05 on floor 2, will be named:

    2AJO5

    Identification Scheme for Patch Panels

    Each panel to be labeled with an alpha character starting with A, B, CZ etc. Starting from the top of the rack down Horizontal wire management panels do not count when determining patch panel position

    Sample of Panel Identifiers on Rack


    AJ05-A to AQ 03-B Ports 01-24

    A
    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 9 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4

    AJ05-B to AQ 03-C Ports 01-24

    B
    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 9 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4

    AJ05-C to AQ03-D Ports 01-24

    C
    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 9 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4

    AJ 05-D to AQ 03-E Ports 01-24

    D
    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 9 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4

    AJ05-E to AQ 03-F Ports 01-24

    E
    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 9 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4

    AJ05-F to AQ03-G Ports 01-24

    F
    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 9 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4

    Sample Patch Panel Identifiers


    AA AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AI AJ AK AL AM AN AO AP AQ AR AS AT AU AV AW AX AY 01 02 03 04

    CAT 6 x 24

    X Coordinate

    05
    06 07 08 09 10 11 12

    Right Front Corner

    Sample Cabinet

    Right Front Corner

    Y Coordinate

    13

    Patch Panel Identifier


    Near end cabinet location and panel identifier to be followed by the far end cabinet location and panel identifier + port numbers

    AJ05-A to AQ03-B Ports 1-24

    Sample of Patch Panel Identifier

    Cable and Patch Cord Identifier


    Cables and patch cords should be labeled on both ends with the location of both ends of the cable
    Example of the near end cable label:

    AJ05-A01 / AQ03-B01
    Example of the far end cable label:

    AQ03-B01 / AJ05-A01

    Sample of Patch Cord Identifier

    Sample of Cable Identifier

    Summary
    Builds off of several existing TIA standards Focuses on specific needs and applications of data center environment Recommends best design and cabling practices Recommends different cabling media options Useful tool for design and installation of a data center environment

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