38

CHAPTER 4 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter will present, analyze, and interpret the data gathered from the different offices including interviews and personal observations of the author. It is divided into two parts: the first part contains the presentation and interpretation of data while the second part consists of the analysis based on the objective of the paper as presented in the first chapter.

A.

PRESENTATION OF DATA

The presentation and analysis of data will be carried out using the doctrines, organization, training, materiel, personnel, leadership and facilities (DOTMPLF) to assess the capability of the 300 th AISG in the context of Territorial Defense. The DOTMPLF is an important tool in identifying the capability gaps necessary to enhance the effectiveness of the unit in the accomplishment of its mission. The presentation of data is geared towards satisfying the main objective of this study which is to examine the capability of the 300th ASG in undertaking its role in relation to the AFPs program of shifting from Internal Security Operations (ISO) to Territorial Defense Operations (TDO).

39

DOCTRINE a. Mission The mission of the 300 th AISG is to conduct Air Intelligence and Counterintelligence operations in support of the PAF mission . And to accomplish its mission, the Group performs the following: 1. To provide intelligence; 2. To conduct security services and investigations; 3. To conduct photogrammetry and aerial reconnaissance activities; 4. To provide specialized training on air intelligence and air strategic, tactical, technical and civil aviation

counterintelligence; and 5. To conduct active counterintelligence operations

b.

300th AISG Manual/ISR Doctrine The intelligence community has existing doctrines that serve

as guide to all intelligence practitioners. Related to this, the 300 th Air Intelligence and Security Group is on the process of crafting its own manual which they had been working on since 2007. The manual is being

formulated by the 300th AISG in coordination with the Office of Assistant Chief of Air Staff for Education and Training, OA-8 and the Air Power Institute. It was deliberated by the Philippine Air Force Doctrine Development Sub-Committee (PAFDDSC) as recommended by the Philippine Air Force Doctrines Board (PAFDB) for approval by the Commanding General, Philippine Air Force for use as basic reference of PAF 300th Air Intelligence and Security Group.

40

On the other hand, the 300 th AISG has been formulating its ISR doctrine in anticipation for the arrival of additional platforms like the Special Mission Aircraft (SMA) and the Long Range Patrol Aircraft (LRPA). At present, the crafting of the doctrine is still within the unit and expected to be elevated soon to the HPAF for review and evaluation.

c.

Accomplishments of the Unit c1. Internal Security Operations (ISO) On accomplishing its tasks, the unit was able to

significantly contribute to the Internal Security Operations of the AFP. For the last three (3) years, it has helped in the dismantling of some guerrilla fronts of the CTM, recovered several firearms, and neutralized several personalities from the different threat groups like the CTM, ASG, MILF, criminality groups, terrorist groups and erring PAF personnel. The unit also furnished tactical intelligence reports to operating units on the ground which contributed well to the overall success of the AFPs ISO campaign. Higher headquarters also benefited of the timely reports that the unit submitted for strategic planning and policy making. Likewise, it also contributed to the national development programs of the government through the numerous marijuana plantations eradicated, anti-illegal logging activities, and support to national development programs conducted all over the country.

During an interview with LTC TALJA, the operations officers of OA-3, he said that the 300th AISG has immensely contributed to the overall effort of the AFP in addressing the internal threats to our country. However, he

41

said that the 300th AISG is like a law enforcement agency considering that most of its accomplishments are focused on the apprehensions of erring PAF personnel, surrender of NPA personalities and other lawless elements. When asked about the responsiveness of the unit in terms of territorial defense operations, he said that it is still a long way to go before the 300 th AISG attains its desired capability. He added that the unit should focus on its core competency of conducting air intelligence operations. LTC TALJA also said that the unit needs additional aircraft to enhance its capabilities in addressing both the ISO and TDO activities.

Meanwhile, during the interview with one of the key NCOs of the 300 th AISG, he said that the unit has noticed the low output of the different operating squadrons on air intelligence. Having recognized this problem, he said that the H300th AISG has revised in 2009 the criteria for best-best competition among the different squadrons giving more weight on air intelligence. Shown on table 2 are the accomplishments of the 300th AISG for CY 2009:

Table 2. 2009 Annual Accomplishment Report of 300th AISG

Program/Project I. Human Intelligence (Humint) a. Domestic Coverage a1. Conduct of Case Operations a2. Neutralization of Threat Personalities II. Technical Intelligence a. Signal Intelligence a1. Enhancement of Technical Collection Capability b. Aerial Surveillance b1. Conduct of Aerial Photo Reconnaissance in KIG/Scarborough Programmed 24 48 Accomplished 30 90 Variance +6 +42

As Appropriate 4

5 1 -3

42
b2. Conduct of Aerial Photo Reconnaissance for ISO b3. Conduct of Aerial Photo Reconnaissance in Support to Law Enforcement b4. Conduct of Aerial Photo Reconnaissance for National Development b5. Preparation of Photo Mosaic b6. Preparation of PI Reports b7. Photo Security Supervision III. Counter Intelligence 1. Conduct CI Case Operations 2. Security Survey & Inspection 3. Background Investigation 4. Record Check 5. Recommendation for issuance of Command Security Clearance 6. VIP Security Operations 7. Drug Eradication Campaign IV. Production and Dissemination of Intelligence 1. Special Report 2. Summary of Info/Intel Report 3. Compliance to Directives 4. Flash/Incident/Spot Report 5. Report of Investigation 6. Background Investigation Report 7. Post Operation Report 8. Progress Report 9. TI Report 10. Training Completion Report 11. OB Preparation Updating 12. Case Opn Development Report 13. Monthly Development Report
Source: AFIG AGI Findings

24 4 4 As requested As necessary As requested 12 43 As Necessary As Necessary As Necessary 120 1000 As obtained 2500 As directed As appropriate As directed As directed As necessary 60 As necessary 22 28 As necessary As necessary

42 1 5 3 5 19 6 24 78 760 32 129 1,086 78 5,310 224 841 82 78 710 183 34 22 28 63 20

+18 -3 +1

-6 -19

+9 +86

2,810

+97 0 0

c2.

Territorial Defense Operations (TDO) The 300th AISG plays an important role in the overall

security of the country. With its mandate to provide intelligence support to Territorial Defense Operations through the conduct of ISR missions, the unit is a vital component of the AFP in the preservation and protection of our vast territory (see Table 2).

d.

Intel Task Allocation

43

d1.

Internal Security Operations (ISO) The PAF Task Allocation for Intelligence and

Counterintelligence (TAIC) for CY 2010 issued by the HPAF dated 21 April 2010 is intended to delineate the roles and responsibilities of the PAF intelligence units in support of the AFP mission, particularly ISO Plan Bantay Laya II, to optimize the utilization of the available resources, and to avoid coverage gaps and excessive overlaps (PAF TAIC, 2010). As the intelligence operating arm of the PAF, the 300 th AISG is given the major responsibility of addressing the different threats to our people and country. Shown on table 3 are the different targets/coverage with the 300 th AISG as either the Unit of Priority Responsibility (UPR) or Support Unit (SU):

Table 3. PAF Task Allocation for Intelligence and CI

Threat Groups A. Intelligence Support to Internal Security Operations (ISO) 1. Communist Terrorist Movement (CTM A. Pro-SISON/Mainstream CPP-NPA-NDF B. Anti-SISON/Rejectionist Group 2. Terrorist Groups 3. MILF 4. Auxiliary Threat Groups and Other Local and Foreign Terrorist Organization 5. Islamic NGOs 6. Madrasahs 7. Financing Logistics and Pipeline/Sources 8. Threat Groups Sanctuaries B. Counterintelligence (Active) 1. Sabotage 2. Subversion 3. Espionage C. Intel Support to Territorial Defense Operations 1. Kalayaan Isalnd Group (KIG) 2. Sea Lanes of Communications (SLOC) and Choke Points 3. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) 4. Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ) 5. Strategic Intelligence

UPR 300th AISG 300th AISG 300th AISG 300th AISG 300th AISG 300th AISG 300th AISG 300th AISG 300th AISG UPR 300th AISG 300th AISG 300th AISG UPR 300th AISG 300th AISG 300th AISG 300th AISG 300th AISG

SU

SU

SU

44
6. Foreign Activities along the borders D. Intelligence Support to Law Enforcement E. Intelligence Support to Disaster Relief and Rescue Opns F. Intelligence Support to National Development
Source: 300 AISG
th

300th AISG 300th AISG 300th AISG 300th AISG

d2.

Territorial Defense Operation (TDO) On the allocation of intelligence tasks from higher

headquarters, the 300th AISG is designated as the unit of primary responsibility (UPR) on the Intel support to TDO in Kalayaan Island Group (KIG), Sea Lanes of Communications (SLOC) and Choke points, Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ), and Strategic intelligence (PAF TAIC, 2010, p.10). These tasks are very significant considering that the integrity and sovereignty of the country is at stake.

During an interview with the Director, Weapons Systems Board, OA5, who is currently conducting a study about the security of Malampaya project and other Service Contract Areas, he said that the 300 th AISG plays an important role in the territorial defense of our country particularly in KIG and Malampaya considering that these areas are believed to be rich in natural resources particularly oil.

When asked about the responsiveness of the 300 th AISG in the ISO and TDO, he said that the unit has contributed much in the overall success of the AFP in addressing the internal security but its capability to conduct air intelligence is wanting due to lack of air assets to perform ISR missions.

45

With the lone aircraft in its inventory, he said that it is not enough to promptly accomplish its mission considering the volatile situation in the Spratlys, Southern Philippines, Taiwan cross strait issue and the Korean Peninsula conflict, among others. He added that with the planned acquisition of a Special Mission Aircraft (SMA), this will significantly improve the capability of the unit but barely adequate to perform its multifarious tasks particularly addressing TDO (see Table 3).

e.

PAF Short Term Plan Under the Territorial Defense mission area, the PAF is tasked

to provide air forces to protect the sovereignty and national integrity of the country. Included is the protection of the exclusive economic zone (EEZ). This is achieved through combat air patrol, maritime surveillance, air interdiction, strategic strike, employment of point defense systems and threat detection by ground based radars (PAF STP 2010-2012).

The PAF Territorial Defense capability shall be gradually improved starting year 2011. To jump start the shift in the focus, the development of the Philippine Air Defense System (PADS) shall be initiated by the Command during the planning period. This involves the acquisition of Air Defense Surveillance System (ADSS) for threat/intrusion detection, aircraft for CAP, strategic strike, air interdiction, and maritime surveillance, and point defense system for ground based Air Defense operations of the country (p.22).

46

ORGANIZATION a. Intelligence as an AFPOS The security situation in our country today has become a priority concern of the government, because without peace and order, there can be no progress and development. Having this in mind, the AFP leadership has endeavored to upgrade intelligence to a notch higher. And in the year 2007, the Intelligence has finally become a primary AFP Occupational Specialty (AFPOS) and at par with other AFPOS. The rationale for this is to give officers and enlisted personnel, assigned with the intelligence units in the AFP, to concentrate and focus on their jobs and be spared from being reassigned from one AFPOS to another. b. Organizational Structure Based on the 300th AISG briefing manual, the 300 th AISG is presently organized in a line and staff structure. The Headquarters Staff is composed of two (2) personal, five (5) special and three (3) coordinating staff. The line units are the five (5) territorial squadrons two (2) in Luzon and one (1) each in Visayas and Mindanao- and three (3) functional squadrons- the 306th ARS, 307th AITS and the 308th CIS.

The mission of 306th Air Reconnaissance Squadron (ARS) is to conduct photogrametry and Aerial Reconnaissance in support of the Groups mission. The 307th Air Intelligence Training Squadrons mission is to provide specialized training on Air Intelligence and Counterintelligence. And lastly, the 308th Counterintelligence Squadrons (CIS) mission is to

47

conduct active counterintelligence operations in support of the 300 th AISG. Shown on figure 3 is the organizational structure of 300 th AISG.

COMMAND

GOC

Insp/Safety

Sgt Major

Adj

HAS

MFO

SAO

CEISO

Dir for Pers

Dirfor Opns

Dir for Materiel

301ST AISS Operations

302ND AISS Operations

303RD AISS Operations

304TH AISS Operations

305TH AISS Operations

306TH ARS Operations

307TH AITS Operations

308TH CIS Operations

Figure 3.

Organizational Structure of 300TH AISG

c.

Geographical Disposition of the different Territorial Squadrons

The 301ST AISS is based in Villamor Air Base, Pasay City. It covers the National Capital Region, Palawan Province, and Southern Luzon Region. The 302nd AISS stationed in Clark Air Base, Pampanga covers Northern Luzon and Central Luzon. The 303 rd AISS based in Mactan Air Base, Lapu-Lapu City covers the Visayas Region. The 304 th AISS which covers Western Mindanao is based in Edwin Andrews Air Base, Zamboanga City. The 305TH AISS, which is based in Davao Air Base, Davao City

covers Eastern and Central Mindanao. The deployment of these squadrons resembles a national coverage. These Territorial Units perform and replicate

48

the mission and functions of the 300th AISG in their respective areas of responsibility. Meanwhile, the three (3) functional Squadrons, which are all based in Villamor Air Base along with the Headquarters offices are the 306 th Air Reconnaissance Squadron (ARS), the 307th Air Intelligence Training Squadron, and the 308th Counterintelligence Squadron (CIS).

The AISS and CIS are strategically deployed in the different PAF units all over the country. This set up is designed to support the different PAF units in their intelligence and security requirements and other units under the Unified Commands in the ISO campaign of the government. On the other hand, there are some personnel of the unit who are on Special Detail (SD) with the different Tactical Operations Groups (TOGs) in order to enhance their security posture and help prevent sabotage of air assets, personnel and equipment. The geographical disposition of the different units of the 300th AISG is shown in Figure 4.

National Capital Region

Northern Luzon

Visaya s Southern Luzon & Bicol regions

Eastern Mindanao

Western

49

Figure 4.

Geographical Disposition of the Different Units of 300th AISG

d.

Future Changes in the Structure of 300th AISG As per PAF Program Objectives Memorandum (POM) 2011-

2016, the 300th Air Intelligence and Security Group will deactivate two (2) Air Intelligence Security Squadrons (AISS), one (1) in CY 2011 and one (1) in CY 2012 (See figure 5 below). Personnel from the deactivated squadrons will be utilized to fill up the full manning requirements of its remaining squadrons focused on air surveillance missions. Further, starting CY 2012, the 300th AISG will be transferred from Internal Security Mission

Area to Territorial Defense Mission Area (POM 2011-2016).

COMMAND

GOC

Insp/Safety

Sgt Major

Adj

HAS

MFO

SAO

CEISO

Dir for Pers

Dir for Oprns

Dir for Materiel

301ST AISS Operations 306TH ARS

303RD AISS Operations 307TH AITS 308TH

304TH AISS Operations CIS

50

Figure 5. Proposed New Organizational Structure of 300 th AISG

TRAINING a. Training Profile of Personnel As shown on table 4 of the present training profile of the 300 th AISG, 70.5% are intelligence trained. Out of the total 265 personnel, 187 are intelligence trained while the rest are programmed to take up various intelligence courses in the future. This shows that intelligence training is given premium in the assignment of personnel at the 300 th AISG. Shown on table 4 is the training profile of personnel of the unit.

Table 4. Training Profile of 300th AISG Personnel

Officers
Assigned Intel Trained No intel Training

Enlisted Personnel
Assig ned Intel Trained No Intel Training

Civilian Employees
Assig ned Intel Trained No Intel Training

27

27

201

123

78

37

37

Source: 300th AISG

b.

Pilots As shown on table 5, out of the nine (9) pilots presently

assigned at 300th AISG, only two (2) are checked out to fly the TC-690A

51

aircraft of the unit. However, most of them, if not all, had undergone academic instruction which is a requirement prior to actual flight training. But during group focused discussion with the Deputy Group Commander and the members of the staff, he said that pilots programmed to train in the TC-690A should undergo simulator training to spare the lone aircraft from incurring any discrepancy and for the pilots to achieve maximum proficiency. He added that with the importance of its mission, the unit can not afford for its lone aircraft to incur discrepancies during the training particularly of new pilots. Table 5. Training Profile of Pilots
Name Group Commander Dep Grp Commander SC, 306th ARS SC, 301st AISS SC, 308th CIS SC, 307th AITS SC, 304th AISS Ex-O, 301st AISS DM, 300th AISG
Source: AFSO

Pilot Rating Command Senior Senior Basic Senior Basic Basic Basic Basic

Qualifications w/ TC690 Academics PIC/IP/TP Academics PIC Newly Assigned Academics Academics Newly Assigned Academics

c.

Exodus of TC-690A Pilots Another interesting development in the 300th AISG is the

exodus of pilots assigned with the unit. For the last five (5) years, three (3) out of the five (5) pilots of 300th AISG who are checked out in the TC-690A aircraft joined the commercial airlines. This kind of development is crippling the unit in undertaking its mission. If this will continue, it will jeopardize the functioning of the unit in general.

d.

Maintenance Personnel

52

Aside from the nine (9) pilots assigned with the unit, there are six (6) maintenance personnel currently manning the TC-690A. All maintenance personnel assigned with the maintenance flight of the 306 th ARS have maintenance training and are qualified to handle the maintenance activities of the aircraft. Shown on Table 6 are the designations, qualifications, and the number of maintenance personnel of 300th AISG: Table 6. Designation/Qualifications of Maintenance Personnel
Designation Maintenance Officer Quality Control Engine Specialist Electrical/ Corrosion Specialist Avionics Specialist
Source: 300th AISG

With Maintenance Training Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Nr of Personnel 1 1 1 1 1 1

Total

MATERIEL a. Operational Readiness (OR) Rate on Logistics Based on the Annual General Inspection (AGI) findings, the OR rate in terms of equipment and logistics of the 300 th AISG for the last three (3) years are high due to its effectiveness in maintaining the serviceability of equipment. The unit gives importance to the maintenance and serviceability of its equipment particularly mobility assets and firearms which are essential requirements of the unit in the performance of its mission. Although it can be noticed that the 300 th AISG has a high over all OR rate in terms of equipment, the unit possesses outmoded vertical

53

camera, old photo laboratory, and lacks essential equipment. Shown on table 7 is the OR rate of logistics of the unit for the last three (3) years:

Table 7. Operational Readiness (OR) Rate of Equipment

2007 95% 2008 96 2009 98%

Logistics
Source: ODM, 300th AISG

b.

The TC-690A Aircraft The bread and butter of the 300 th AISG in performing its

mission is the conduct photogrammetry and aerial reconnaissance activities using the Aero Commander TC-690A aircraft. The TC-690A was acquired in July 1987 by one dollar ($1.00) through the Military Assistance Program (MAP) of the United States government (300 th AISG Briefing Manuscript). It is being utilized in various missions such as:

1. External Defense- wherein aerial photo mission are regularly being conducted over Kalayaan Island Group which is considered as the comprehensive imagery intelligence activity performed in the highly contested islands of Western Palawan. 2. Tactical missions- to support the governments thrust of addressing the ISO by conducting aerial photo missions on the suspected enemy encampments/positions in order to provide the ground troops the necessary intelligence information needed to successfully accomplish the mission. 3. Socio-Economic- includes the environmental protection by conducting aerial surveillance and monitoring of illegal logging/kaingin activities. It also

54

supports the thrust of the government in the fight against

illegal drugs

menace through the aerial reconnaissance missions on suspected marijuana plantations. 4. Training- to enhance the proficiency of the pilots and maintenance crew manning the aircraft. 5. Maintenance Flight- to ensure that the aircraft is always on its tip top condition after every maintenance inspection.

c.

Operational Readiness (OR) Rate of TC-690A The operational readiness rate (OR Rate) of the lone aircraft of

the unit from 2007 to date is almost nil (see Table 8). The low OR rate is attributed to the non availability of the TC 690A aircraft of the unit which is currently undergoing Inspection Required As Necessary (IRAN) outside the country since June 2009. Shown on Table 8 is the OR rate of the TC-690A for the last three (3) years. In line with this, MAJ MANAY, the Squadron Commander of 306th ARS, said that due to the non availability of the lone aircraft of the unit, the 300 th AISG resorted to utilizing other air assets of the PAF in order to accomplish its mission.

Moreover,

he

admitted

that

there

were

some

aerial

photo

reconnaissance missions that were not promptly accomplished due to non availability of any air asset of the command. Although he is convinced that the unit was able to contribute well to the ISO, it could have accomplished more had the TC-690A is available. When asked if the present capability of the 300th AISG is responsive for TDO, he answered that the unit is still far

55

from its desired territorial defense capability. But he is optimistic that with the supportive PAF leadership, the 300 th AISG will be able to acquire more air assets and other equipment to enhance its capability.

In view of the limitations of the 300 th AISG in the conduct of air intelligence support to the different units in the field, it is believed that the Armed Forces of the Philippines is being supported by our allies who provide technical assistance in order for the AFP to address the internal security concerns of the country. This support, particularly in terms of imagery intelligence, is a big help to the AFP considering that the TC-690A of the unit is not operational.

Table 8. Operational Readiness (OR) Rate of TC-690A Operational Readiness Rate of TC-690A
Source: 300th AISG

2007 20%

2008 0%

2009 0%

d.

Modernization Program for the 300th AISG The PAF leadership is currently working doubly hard to

enhance the capability of the 300 th AISG. At present, the acquisition of Special Mission Aircraft (SMA) is already with the PAF Weapons Systems Board for the approval of the Vice CG, PAF as chairman. Hoping that it will not encounter any problem, it is expected that the SMA will be realized in 2013 as mentioned by MAJ MANAY. Moreover, he added that the planned acquisition of the SMA, which is under the modernization program of the

56

AFP, is geared towards ISO since the SMA has more or less the same flight endurance with that of the TC-690A. But the SMA can cover longer distance than the TC-690A due to higher airspeed than the latter.

MAJ MANAY also said that the Long Range Patrol Aircraft (LRPA), which is another major planned acquisition of the PAF in the future will finally enhance the TDO capability of the 300 th AISG. He added that the vertical camera needed to enhance the aerial reconnaissance capabilities of the unit is also expected to be delivered in early 2011.

PERSONNEL a. Strength The 300th AISG has a current strength of 265 personnel with a fill up rate of 88.1% broken down as follows: officers- 27, EP- 201, and CE37. This is over and above the sixty (60) personnel who are on Detached Service (DS) with the unit. Shown on Table 9 is the personnel strength of 300th AISG from 2007-2009. Table 9. Personnel Strength of the 300th AISG
Officers
Yr 09 08 07 Auth 38 38 38 Actual 32 25 28 % 84.2 65.8 73.7

Enlisted Personnel
Auth 216 216 216 Actual 201 198 197 % 93.1 91.7 91.2

Civilian Employees
Auth 36 36 36 Actual 37 37 37 % 100.3 100.3 100.3

Source: 300th AISG

b.

Profile of Pilots Assigned with 300th AISG

57

The 300th AISG has nine (9) pilots assigned at H300 th AISG and in the different squadrons. Most of them are designated as squadron commanders and members of the staff but they can be tapped anytime as alert pilots if the need arises. Shown on Table 10 is the designation and disposition of pilots at 300th AISG: Table 10. Designation and Disposition of Pilots at 300 th AISG
Designation GC, 300th AISG DGC, 300th AISG SC, 306th ARS SC, 301st AISS SC, 308th CIS SC, 307th AISS SC, 304th AISS Ex-O, 301st AISS DM, 300th AISG
Source: 300th AISG

Location VAB, P.C VAB, P.C VAB, P.C VAB, P.C VAB, P.C VAB, P.C 3rd AD, Z.C. VAB, P.C VAB, P.C

c.

Aerial Photographers/Photo Interpreters (PIs) To perform aerial photo missions using the different air assets

of the PAF, thirty six (36) qualified aerial photographers are deployed to the different TOGs and PAF bases. This is the core competency of the 306 th ARS personnel but some Territorial Squadrons (AISS) have qualified and trained aerial photographers strategically dispatched to immediately act on any aerial photo requirements of operating units on the ground and other agencies of the government. Shown on Table 11 is the distribution of photographers with the different squadrons and offices of 300th AISG:

Table 11. Disposition of Aerial Photographers

Office/Unit H300th AISG 301st AISS Location VAB, Pasay City VAB, Pasay City Nr of Photographers 9 2

58 302nd AISS 303rd AISS 304th AISS 305th AISS 306th ARS 307 AITS 308th CIS
Source: 300th AISG
th

CAB, Pampanga MAB, Lapu-Lapu City EAAB, Zamboanga City Davao Air Base, Davao City VAB, Pasay City VAB, Pasay City VAB, Pasay City TOTAL

2 4 1 15 2 1 36

e.

Flying Status As one of the flying units of the PAF, the 300 th AISG is entitled

to have a flying quota allocations of ten (10) non-rated officer and thirty four (34) Enlisted Personnel. Currently, the unit has thirty (37) seven flying status personnel broken down as follows: one (1) maintenance officer, 5 photo officers, five (5) maintenance crew, and 31 EP aerial photographers. The flying status is given to any officer and enlisted personnel who have satisfied a certain minimum requirements of training.

FACILITIES a. Hangar The lone aircraft of the unit has no dedicated hangar to keep it secure from foreign object damage (FOD) and from public observation since it is an ISR aircraft. Prior to the IRAN of the TC-690A aircraft, it was parked at the 250th Presidential Airlift Wing (PAW) for safe keeping. Relatedly, the squadron commander of 306 th ARS said during an interview that they are working hard for the approval of HPAF for the construction of a hangar. Although they received a positive response from higher headquarters, he

59

said that the construction will possibly be done before the arrival of the Special Mission Aircraft (SMA).

b.

Mission Support Facility The mission support facility (MSF) is a computer based

laboratory room where raw images and information are being processed to become intelligence. The MSF is where the intelligence cycle takes place before it will be disseminated to the end users.

c.

Buildings for Offices and Units of 300th AISG The 300th AISG maintains and improves all its building and

facilities for the accommodation of its personnel and for the protection of essential equipment and important documents of the unit. Likewise, all

AISS have their own buildings co located within the PAF units. On the other hand, the recent renovation of the Photo Interpretation (PI) room of the 306th ARS has improved the working condition of its personnel.

LEADERSHIP The 300th AISG is being manned by qualified and experienced Group Commander. Due to the sensitivity of the tasks of the unit, the GC is properly screened by higher headquarters to ensure that the unit is headed by a competent, experienced and responsible leader capable of leading his unit towards the prompt accomplishment of the units mission.

B.

ANALYSIS OF FINDINGS

60

This section contains the detailed analysis and interpretation of all the data gathered. It will be presented in a manner that will satisfy the objectives of this study using the DOTMLPF as parameters. 1. To assess the present capability of the 300 th AISG in the

ISO campaign of the AFP.

DOCTRINES The mission of the 300th AISG is to conduct air intelligence and counterintelligence in support of the PAF mission. As such, the accomplishments of the unit clearly show that it immensely contributed to the successful ISO campaign of the government. However, it can be noticed that the accomplishment of the 300 th AISG is heavily focused on human intelligence (humint). Nonetheless, the satisfactory accomplishments on air intelligence, which is supposed to be the core competency of the unit, has been ably compensated with numerous successful humint operations conducted by its personnel. But the 300th AISG could have accomplished more in supporting the different ground troops in the field not only through sharing of tactical intelligence but also in providing imagery intelligence had the lone TC-690A of the unit is available.

To increase the security posture of the command, the 300th AISG conducts counterintelligence (CI) operations against the enemies and PAF personnel involved in nefarious activities like illegal drugs, gun running, gas pilferage, and scams, among others. However, during the CY 2009, there was a slight decrease on CI accomplishments as compared with the

61

programmed CI activities. Counter Intelligence is an important undertaking that the unit has to enhance in order to deny access of the enemy to information and PAF installations, and to weed out scalawags in uniform, thus, improving the image of the command.

In relation to its doctrines, the 300th AISG organizational manual is a work in progress. The crafting of the manual started in 2007 and underwent series of review and evaluation by the PAF doctrines board headed by the Vice CG, PAF as chairman. Said manual is due for approval by the CG, PAF which will serve as a guide for the unit in the performance of its mandate.

Regarding the Intelligence Task Allocation of the unit, the 300th AISG is given the major role as the Unit of Primary Responsibility (UPR) on the intelligence support to ISO, counterintelligence, intelligence support to TDO, and support to law enforcement. These numerous tasks require the unit to judiciously manage its manpower and resources in order to promptly accomplish its mission.

ORGANIZATION The strategic deployment of the 300th AISG all over the country is another positive aspect in the ISO campaign in terms of addressing all the different threat groups being confronted by the AFP. It also allows the AISS to assist the different PAF units in their intelligence and security requirements particularly the Tactical Operations Group (TOG) which are the front liners of the PAF in addressing the ISO in the field.

62

TRAINING The training profile of its personnel contributes much to the success of the 300th AISG in accomplishing its mission since all its personnel are required to take up basic intelligence courses. Training of personnel on photography, IT and other specialized courses to enhance the capability of the unit to accomplish its mission is being conducted. However, with the ongoing Inspection Repair As Necessary (IRAN) of the TC-690A aircraft outside the country, the training and upgrading of pilots are stalled that left the unit with only a pair of pilots which is not in accordance with the 1:3 aircraft-pilots manning ratio.

MATERIEL On materiel status, the 300th AISG has a high OR rate in terms of ground equipment. All AISS are properly equipped with vehicles, fuel, firearms & ammunitions, and other logistical requirements needed in the accomplishments of their mission. However, the TC-690A has not been operational for several years due to ongoing maintenance activities being undertaken.

At present, the current thrust of the PAF is geared towards enhancing the capability of the 300th AISG in order to improve the external defense posture of the command. In fact, the GC, 300 th AISG discussed during his lecture at the AFPCGSC on 18 October 2010 that the PAF is prepared to

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defend the acquisition of Special Mission Aircraft (SMA) to the AFP and DND. He added that the planned acquisition of vertical camera as an added capability of the unit is already on the post qualification stage.

PERSONNEL In terms of manning requirements, the 300th AISG has adequate personnel to perform its mandate. The 88.1% fill up rate of personnel, excluding the sixty (60) personnel on detached service ( DS) with the unit, is decent enough to accomplish its mission. However, there are only two (2) pilots who are checked out to fly the TC-690A aircraft. Moreover, most of these pilots are occupying squadron commanders position or members of the staff of the 300th AISG.

LEADERSHIP On leadership, the 300th AISG is being manned by a group commander who has the required training, experience, competence and utmost integrity. It should be emphasized that assignments of all personnel with the intelligence community require competence and utmost integrity due to the sensitivity and the nature of the intelligence profession.

FACILITIES The unit maintains buildings and other structures in major PAF bases all over the country. It adequately caters to the administration and operational requirements of its personnel in the performance of their duties and responsibilities. However, the 300th AISG has no dedicated hangar for

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its aircraft. In fact, the lone aircraft of the unit was being parked at the 250 th PAW which sometimes disrupts maintenance and air operations during presidential movements and other activities of the Wing.

2.

To determine the present capability of 300 th AISG in

preparation for the AFPs shift to Territorial Defense.

DOCTRINES The 300th AISG is mandated to conduct air intelligence and counter intelligence in support of the PAF mission. And as the intelligence operating arm of the PAF, the Task Allocation on Intelligence and Counterintelligence (TAIC) from OA-2 has given the major responsibility to the unit in the intelligence support to Territorial Defense Operations. But at present, the 300th AISG has no available air assets, the much needed technical equipment and modern Mission Support Facility (MSF) to perform ISR missions. Moreover, although the crafting of the ISR doctrine is ongoing, there is no existing ISR doctrine in line with its TD posture at the moment. Nonetheless, the unit still managed to perform its mission utilizing available air assets in the inventory of the PAF using still cameras.

ORGANIZATION The strategic location of the different AISS all over the country enables the unit to perform air intelligence activities like aerial

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reconnaissance and photography, and airport and general aviation intelligence in its area of operations (AO). However, the reports coming from the different AISS in terms of air intelligence coverage are evident in their accomplishment reports for the last few years.

TRAINING Through the 307th Air Intelligence Training School, 300th AISG caters to the intelligence training requirements of the PAF. As such, personnel of the 300th AISG who have no intelligence training are programmed to undergo basic intelligence course in order for them to be effective intelligence operatives. Hence, the intelligence training profile of the unit is high with the exception of the newly assigned and low ranking EPs. However, in terms of qualifications on the current aircraft of the unit, majority of the pilots are not checked out to fly the TC-690A.

MATERIEL The 300th AISG at present has only one aircraft in its inventory. With the numerous responsibilities that the unit has to accomplish, the lone TC690A might not be sufficient to perform all of these tasks. To support air operations, aerodrome ground equipment (AGE) is also needed particularly aircraft tow tag for ground maintenance and pre flight activities.

With the advent of high end technology that is available in the market, the unit lacks the necessary technical equipment to accomplish its mission. On aircraft spare parts, the present available stocks are sufficient to support

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the routine 100 hours maintenance requirements of the aircraft. However, in the event of major discrepancy, the availability of spares is dependent on the existing procurement system of the command.

PERSONNEL At present, there is only one (1) pilot assigned at 306 th ARS. Although the TC-690A aircraft is still out of the country undergoing maintenance activities, it might affect the overall performance of some pilots in the future who are performing dual roles in other offices and squadrons. The exodus of pilots of 300th AISG for the last few years is another concern that should be looked into not only by the unit but also by the command. Because it is a fact that pilots who are checked out of the TC690A have better chances of getting accepted into the commercial airlines due to added qualifications.

LEADERSHIP The current leadership understands the importance of developing a potent capability for the unit. They know that the 300 th AISG has to

contribute to the overall effort of the command in addressing the different threats to our country especially so with the evolving security concern in the region. Hence, the H300th AISG is pushing hard for the enhancement of its capability in order for it to be responsive in the performance of its mission.

FACILITIES

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On facilities, there are sufficient buildings to house the personnel and essential equipment of the unit. However, the TC-690A and possible future air assets of the unit has no dedicated hangar for its safe keeping and maintenance works. This is an important requirement for the ISR aircraft of the unit as protection from foreign object damage (FOD) aside from the security and confidentiality of its mission.

3.

To determine what could be done for the 300 th AISG attain

the desired territorial defense capability.

DOCTRINES The PAF short term plan 2010-2012 envisions that the PAF Territorial Defense capability shall be gradually improved starting year 2011. Likewise, under the Territorial Defense mission area, the PAF is tasked to provide air forces to protect the sovereignty and national integrity of the country. Included is the protection of the exclusive economic zone (EEZ). With this strategic direction, the 300th AISG should follow suit in enhancing its core competency by institutionalizing its ISR doctrine. The finalization of the ISR doctrine will surely help the 300AISG in undertaking its specific functions in relation to TDO.

ORGANIZATION The PAF has been forward looking to the inevitable shift of focus from ISO to TDO. This was clearly shown in its Program Objectives Memorandum 2011-2016 wherein the 300 th AISG will deactivate two (2) of

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its AISS from the original five (5) AISS, one (1) in CY 2011 and another one (1) in 2012. Personnel who will be affected will be utilized to augment the manning requirements of remaining squadrons focused on air surveillance missions. This strategic direction of the PAF recognizes the need to strengthen the core competency of the 300 th AISG.

TRAINING The acquisition of air assets and other essential equipment for the unit is one step closer of attaining the desired capability of the unit. But to effectively perform its mandate, all its personnel must be properly trained to handle this new technology to maximize its use and serviceability. With the inevitable shift of focus from ISO to TDO, training and preparations of personnel are important to ensure that they are equipped with the essential knowledge and skills they need in order to effectively perform their tasks. Specifically, the 300th AISG needs checked out pilots to perform the numerous tasks of the unit. Likewise, maintenance personnel should be reinforced to beef up the maintenance flight of the 306 th ARS, 300th AISG.

MATERIEL As one of the units affected with the program of the PAF to shift its focus from ISO to TDO, the 300 th AISG should do its part by identifying capability gaps that needs to be enhanced or developed. It will now be a challenge for the unit and the command to fill these gaps through acquisition and realization of the much needed air assets, facilities, and

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equipment needed by the 300 th AISG in order for it to be responsive in the accomplishment of its mission.

PERSONNEL The numerous tasks of the unit require wise utilization of personnel and resources. And with the current strength of the unit, priority should be devoted to the accomplishments of the units mission which is to conduct air intelligence and counter intelligence . What the unit needs at present are additional pilots and maintenance personnel to man the current and future air assets of the unit. Technical people are likewise needed by the unit to operate and maintain technical equipment being used by the unit to perform its tasks.

LEADERSHIP With the elevation of the Intelligence as a primary AFOS, the 300 th AISG can keep on molding its pool of officers to develop their full potentials in the intelligence community. The continuity of programs and activities will not be interrupted since the reassignment of personnel to other offices/units outside the intelligence community will be minimized if not stopped, thus, contributing to the professionalization of the organization.

FACILITIES The 300th AISG continuously maintains and improves its facilities to adequately house its personnel and equipment. Amenities for use of its personnel are also available to make them comfortable in their work places

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as they perform their duties and responsibilities. However, there is no decent mission support facility (MSF) for the 300 th AISG in order for it to be responsive in the effective accomplishments of its mission.