POWERTRAIN CONTROL MODULE (PCM)

The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) is located in the engine compartment. The PCM is referred to as
JTEC (Jeep/Truck Engine Controller).

The PCM is a pre -programmed, triple microprocessor digital computer. The PCM operates the fuel system,
regulates ignition timing, air-fuel ratio, emission control devices, charging system, certain transmission
features, speed control, air conditioning compressor clutch engagement and idle speed. The PCM can adapt
its programming to meet changing operating conditions.

The PCM receives input signals from various switches and sensors. Based on these inputs, the PCM
regulates various engine and vehicle operations through different system components. These components
are referred to as Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Outputs. The sensors and switches that provide inputs
to the PCM are considered Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Inputs.

The PCM adjusts ignition timing based upon inputs it receives from sensors that react to: engine rpm,
manifold absolute pressure, engine coolant temperature, throttle position, transmission gear selection
(automatic transmission), vehicle speed and the brake switch.

The PCM adjusts idle speed based on inputs it receives from sensors that react to: throttle position, vehicle
speed, transmission gear selection, engine coolant temperature and from inputs it receives from the air
conditioning clutch switch and brake switch.

Based on inputs that it receives, the PCM adjusts ignition coil dwell. The PCM also adjusts the generator
charge rate through control of the generator field and provides speed control operation.

PCM Inputs:
A/C request (if equipped with factory A/C)
A/C select (if equipped with factory A/C)
Auto shutdown (ASD) sense
Battery temperature
Battery voltage
Brake switch
CCD bus (+) circuits / CCD bus (-) circuits
Camshaft position sensor signal
Crankshaft position sensor
Data link connection for DRB scan tool
Engine coolant temperature sensor
Fuel level
Generator (battery voltage) output
Ignition circuit sense (ignition switch in on/of/ crank/run position)
Intake manifold air temperature sensor
Leak detection pump (switch) sense (if equipped)
Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor
Oil pressure
Output shaft speed sensor
Overdrive/override switch
Oxygen sensors
Park/neutral switch (auto. trans. only)
Power ground / Sensor return / Signal ground
Speed control multiplexed single wire input
Throttle position sensor
Transmission governor pressure sensor
Transmission temperature sensor
Vehicle speed inputs from ABS or RWAL system
PCM Outputs:
A/C clutch relay
Auto shutdown (ASD) relay
CCD bus (+A) circuits for: speedometer, voltmeter, fuel gauge, oil pressure gauge/lamp, engine temp.
gauge and speed control warn. lamp
Data link connection for DRB scan tool
EGR valve control solenoid (if equipped)
EVAP canister purge solenoid
5 volt sensor supply (primary)
5 volt sensor supply (secondary) Fuel injectors
Fuel pump relay
Generator field driver (-) / Generator field driver (+)
Generator lamp (if equipped)
Idle air control (IAC) motor
Ignition coil
Leak detection pump (if equipped)
Malfunction indicator lamp (Check engine lamp). Driven through CCD circuits.
Overdrive indicator lamp (if equipped)
Radiator cooling fan (2.5L engine only)
Speed control vacuum solenoid
Speed control vent solenoid
Tachometer (if equipped). Driven through CCD circuits.
Transmission converter clutch circuit
Transmission 3-4 shift solenoid
Transmission relay
Transmission temperature lamp (if equipped)
Transmission variable force solenoid

MODES OF OPERATION
As input signals to the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) change, the PCM adjusts its response to the
output devices. For example, the PCM must calculate different injector pulse width and ignition timing for
idle than it does for wide open throttle (WOT).

The PCM will operate in two different modes: Open Loop and Closed Loop.

During Open Loop modes, the PCM receives input signals and responds only according to preset PCM
programming. Input from the oxygen (O2S) sensors is not monitored during Open Loop modes.

During Closed Loop modes, the PCM will monitor the oxygen (O2S) sensors input. This input indicates to
the PCM whether or not the calculated injector pulse width results in the ideal air-fuel ratio. This ratio is
14.7 parts air-to-1 part fuel. By monitoring the exhaust oxygen content through the O2S sensor, the PCM
can fine tune the injector pulse width. This is done to achieve optimum fuel economy combined with low
emission engine performance.

The fuel injection system has the following modes of operation:

Ignition switch ON
Engine start-up (crank)
Engine warm-up
Idle
Cruise
Acceleration
Deceleration
Wide open throttle (WOT)
Ignition switch OFF
The ignition switch ON, engine start-up (crank), engine warm-up, acceleration, deceleration and wide open
throttle modes are Open Loop modes. The idle and cruise modes, (with the engine at operating
temperature) are Closed Loop modes.

Ignition Switch (Key-In) Mode

This is an Open Loop mode. When the fuel system is activated by the ignition switch, the following actions
occur:

The PCM pre-positions the idle air control (IAC) motor.

The PCM determines atmospheric air pressure from the MAP sensor input to determine basic fuel strategy.
The PCM monitors the engine coolant temperature sensor input. The PCM modifies fuel strategy based on
this input.
Intake manifold air temperature sensor input is monitored.
Throttle position sensor (TPS) is monitored.
The auto shutdown (ASD) relay is energized by the PCM for approximately three seconds.
The fuel pump is energized through the fuel pump relay by the PCM. The fuel pump will operate for
approximately three seconds unless the engine is operating or the starter motor is engaged.
The O2S sensor heater element is energized via the ASD relay. The O2S sensor input is not used by the
PCM to calibrate air-fuel ratio during this mode of operation.

Engine Start-Up Mode

This is an Open Loop mode. The following actions occur when the starter motor is engaged. The PCM
receives inputs from:

Battery voltage
Engine coolant temperature sensor
Crankshaft position sensor
Intake manifold air temperature sensor
Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor
Throttle position sensor (TPS)
Starter motor relay
Camshaft position sensor signal
The PCM monitors the crankshaft position sensor. If the PCM does not receive a crankshaft position sensor
signal within 3 seconds of cranking the engine, it will shut down the fuel injection system.

The fuel pump is activated by the PCM through the fuel pump relay. Voltage is applied to the fuel injectors
with the ASD relay via the PCM. The PCM will then control the injection sequence and injector pulse
width by turning the ground circuit to each individual injector ON and OFF.

The PCM determines the proper ignition timing according to input received from the crankshaft position
sensor.

Engine Warm-Up Mode

This is an Open Loop mode. During engine warm- up, the PCM receives inputs from:

Battery voltage
Crankshaft position sensor
Engine coolant temperature sensor
Intake manifold air temperature sensor
Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor
Throttle position sensor (TPS)
Camshaft position sensor signal (in the distributor)
Park/neutral switch (gear indicator signal - auto. trans. only)
Air conditioning select signal (if equipped)
Air conditioning request signal (if equipped)
Based on these inputs the following occurs:
Voltage is applied to the fuel injectors with the ASD relay via the PCM. The PCM will then control the
injection sequence and injector pulse width by turning the ground circuit to each individual injector ON and
OFF.
The PCM adjusts engine idle speed through the idle air control (IAC) motor and adjusts ignition timing.
The PCM operates the A/C compressor clutch through the clutch relay. This is done if A/C has been
selected by the vehicle operator and requested by the A/C thermostat.
When engine has reached operating temperature, the PCM will begin monitoring O2S sensor input. The
system will then leave the warm-up mode and go into closed loop operation.

Idle Mode
When the engine is at operating temperature, this is a Closed Loop mode. At idle speed, the PCM receives
inputs from:

Air conditioning select signal (if equipped)

Air conditioning request signal (if equipped)
Battery voltage
Crankshaft position sensor
Engine coolant temperature sensor
Intake manifold air temperature sensor
Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor
Throttle position sensor (TPS)
Camshaft position sensor signal (in the distributor)
Battery voltage
Park/neutral switch (gear indicator signal-auto. trans. only)
Oxygen sensors
Based on these inputs, the following occurs:

Voltage is applied to the fuel injectors with the ASD relay via the PCM. The PCM will then control
injection sequence and injector pulse width by turning the ground circuit to each individual injector ON and
OFF.

The PCM monitors the O2S sensor input and adjusts air-fuel ratio by varying injector pulse width. It also
adjusts engine idle speed through the idle air control (IAC) motor.

The PCM adjusts ignition timing by increasing and decreasing spark advance.

The PCM operates the A/C compressor clutch through the clutch relay. This happens if A/C has been
selected by the vehicle operator and requested by the A/C thermostat.

Cruise Mode
When the engine is at operating temperature, this is a Closed Loop mode. At cruising speed, the PCM
receives inputs from:

Air conditioning select signal (if equipped)

Air conditioning request signal (if equipped)
Battery voltage
Engine coolant temperature sensor
Crankshaft position sensor
Intake manifold air temperature sensor
Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor
Throttle position sensor (TPS)
Camshaft position sensor signal (in the distributor)
Park/neutral switch (gear indicator signal - auto. trans. only)
Oxygen (O2S) sensors
Based on these inputs, the following occurs:

Voltage is applied to the fuel injectors with the ASD relay via the PCM. The PCM will then adjust the
injector pulse width by turning the ground circuit to each individual injector ON and OFF.
The PCM monitors the O2S sensor input and adjusts air-fuel ratio. It also adjusts engine idle speed through
the idle air control (IAC) motor.
The PCM adjusts ignition timing by turning the ground path to the coil ON and OFF.
The PCM operates the A/C compressor clutch through the clutch relay. This happens if A/C has been
selected by the vehicle operator and requested by the A/C thermostat.

Acceleration Mode
This is an Open Loop mode. The PCM recognizes an abrupt increase in throttle position or MAP pressure
as a demand for increased engine output and vehicle acceleration. The PCM increases injector pulse width
in response to increased throttle opening.

Deceleration Mode
When the engine is at operating temperature, this is an Open Loop mode. During hard deceleration, the
PCM receives the following inputs.

Air conditioning select signal (if equipped)

Air conditioning request signal (if equipped)
Battery voltage
Engine coolant temperature sensor
Crankshaft position sensor
Intake manifold air temperature sensor
Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor
Throttle position sensor (TPS)
Camshaft position sensor signal (in the distributor)
Park/neutral switch (gear indicator signal - auto. trans. only)
Vehicle speed sensor
If the vehicle is under hard deceleration with the proper rpm and closed throttle conditions, the PCM will
ignore the oxygen sensor input signal. The PCM will enter a fuel cut-off strategy in which it will not supply
a ground to the injectors. If a hard deceleration does not exist, the PCM will determine the proper injector
pulse width and continue injection.

Based on the above inputs, the PCM will adjust engine idle speed through the idle air control (IAC) motor.

The PCM adjusts ignition timing by turning the ground path to the coil ON and OFF.

Wide Open Throttle Mode

This is an Open Loop mode. During wide open throttle operation, the PCM receives the following inputs:

Battery voltage
Crankshaft position sensor
Engine coolant temperature sensor
Intake manifold air temperature sensor
Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor
Throttle position sensor (TPS)
Camshaft position sensor signal (in the distributor)
During wide open throttle conditions, the following occurs:

Voltage is applied to the fuel injectors with the ASD relay via the PCM. The PCM will then control the
injection sequence and injector pulse width by turning the ground circuit to each individual injector ON and
OFF. The PCM ignores the oxygen sensor input signal and provides a predetermined amount of additional
fuel. This is done by adjusting injector pulse width.
The PCM adjusts ignition timing by turning the ground path to the coil ON and OFF.
Ignition Switch OFF Mode
When ignition switch is turned to OFF position, the PCM stops operating the injectors, ignition coil, ASD
relay and fuel pump relay.