Installation and Commissioning Manual Line Differential Protection Terminal Rel551 2.5

Installation and commissioning manual
ProtectIT Line differential protection terminal REL 551*2.5

Line differential protection terminal REL 551*2.5
About this manual

Document No: 1MRK 506 151-UEN Issued: December 2006 Revision: C
Copyright 2006 ABB. All rights reserved.
COPYRIGHT WE RESERVE ALL RIGHTS TO THIS DOCUMENT, EVEN IN THE EVENT THAT A PATENT IS ISSUED AND A DIFFERENT COMMERCIAL PROPRIETARY RIGHT IS REGISTERED. IMPROPER USE, IN PARTICULAR REPRODUCTION AND DISSEMINATION TO THIRD PARTIES, IS NOT PERMITTED. THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN CAREFULLY CHECKED. HOWEVER, IN CASE ANY ERRORS ARE DETECTED, THE READER IS KINDLY REQUESTED TO NOTIFY THE MANUFACTURER AT THE ADDRESS BELOW. THE DATA CONTAINED IN THIS MANUAL IS INTENDED SOLELY FOR THE CONCEPT OR PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND IS NOT TO BE DEEMED TO BE A STATEMENT OF GUARANTEED PROPERTIES. IN THE INTERESTS OF OUR CUSTOMERS, WE CONSTANTLY SEEK TO ENSURE THAT OUR PRODUCTS ARE DEVELOPED TO THE LATEST TECHNOLOGICAL STANDARDS. AS A RESULT, IT IS POSSIBLE THAT THERE MAY BE SOME DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE HW/SW PRODUCT AND THIS INFORMATION PRODUCT. Manufacturer:
ABB Power Technologies AB Substation Automation Products SE-721 59 Vsters Sweden Telephone: +46 (0) 21 34 20 00 Facsimile: +46 (0) 21 14 69 18 www.abb.com/substationautomation
Contents
Chapter
Chapter 1
Page
Introduction ..................................................................... 1
Introduction to the installation and commissioning manual ................. 2 About the complete set of manuals for a terminal .......................... 2 About the installation and commissioning manual.......................... 2 Intended audience .......................................................................... 3 General...................................................................................... 3 Requirements ............................................................................ 3 Related documents......................................................................... 4 Revision notes ................................................................................ 4 Acronyms and abbreviations .......................................................... 4
Chapter 2
Safety information......................................................... 13
Warning signs .................................................................................... 14 Caution signs ..................................................................................... 16 Note signs.......................................................................................... 17
Chapter 3
Overview ........................................................................ 19
Commissioning and installation overview .......................................... 20
Chapter 4
Unpacking and checking the terminal ........................ 21

Receiving, unpacking and checking .................................................. 22
Chapter 5
Installing the terminal ................................................... 23

Overview............................................................................................ 24 Mounting the terminal ........................................................................ 25 Mounting in a 19-inch rack ........................................................... 26 Mounting in a 19-inch rack with an additional box type RHGS..... 27 Mounting in a flush or semi-flush installation ................................ 28 Mounting on a wall ....................................................................... 30 Mounting the terminal on a wall............................................... 31 Preparing a wall mounted terminal for electrical installation.... 32 Making the electrical connections...................................................... 33 Connecting the CT circuits............................................................ 33 Connecting the auxiliary power, VT and signal connectors .......... 33 Connecting to protective earth...................................................... 35 Making the screen connection ...................................................... 35 Installing the optical fibres ................................................................. 36
Contents
Installing the serial communication cable for RS485 SPA/IEC .......... 37 RS485 serial communication module ........................................... 37 Informative excerpt from EIA Standard RS-485 ........................... 39 Data on RS485 serial communication module cable .................... 41 Installing the 56/64 kbit data communication cables.......................... 42
Chapter 6
Checking the external circuitry .................................... 45

Overview ............................................................................................ 46 Checking the CT and VT circuits ....................................................... 47 Checking the power supply................................................................ 48 Checking the binary I/O circuits ......................................................... 49 Binary input circuits....................................................................... 49 Binary output circuits .................................................................... 49
Chapter 7
Energising the terminal................................................. 51

Overview ............................................................................................ 52 Energising the terminal ...................................................................... 53 Checking the self supervision signals ................................................ 55 Reconfiguring the terminal............................................................ 55 Setting the terminal time ............................................................... 55 Checking the self supervision function ......................................... 55 Navigating the menus .............................................................. 55 Self supervision HMI data............................................................. 56
Chapter 8
Configuring the 56/64 kbit data communication modules .............................................. 57

Configuring the fibre optical modem .................................................. 58 Calculation of optical power budget ................................................... 59 Configuring the short range fibre optical modem ............................... 60 Configuring the short range galvanic modem .................................... 64 Configure the interface modules for V.36, X.21 and RS530 .............. 66 Configuring the interface modules for G.703 co-directional............... 68 Fault tracing ....................................................................................... 69 Comfail function ....................................................................... 69 Explanation of contents in column 2 of table 42 ...................... 70 Configuring the transceiver 21-15xx .................................................. 73 Co-directional operation..................................................................... 74 Contra-directional operation............................................................... 76 Configuring the transceiver 21-16xx .................................................. 78 X.21 operation .............................................................................. 78 G.703 co-directional operation...................................................... 79
Chapter 9
Setting and configuring the terminal........................... 81
Contents
Overview............................................................................................ 82 Entering settings through the local HMI............................................. 83 Configuring the setting restriction of HMI function ............................. 84 Activating the restriction of setting ..................................................... 85 Local HMI ..................................................................................... 85 Serial communication, change of active group ............................. 85 Serial communication, setting....................................................... 85 Downloading settings and configuration from a PC........................... 86 Establishing front port communication.......................................... 86 Establishing rear port communication........................................... 86 Using the SPA/IEC rear port.................................................... 86 Using LON rear port ................................................................ 87 Downloading the configuration and setting files ........................... 87
Chapter 10 Requirement of trig condition for disturbance report 89

Requirement of trig condition for disturbance report.......................... 90
Chapter 11 Establishing connection and verifying the SPA/IEC-communication .............................................. 91

Entering settings ................................................................................ 92 Entering SPA settings................................................................... 92 Entering IEC settings .................................................................... 92 Verifying the communication.............................................................. 94 Verifying SPA communication ...................................................... 94 Verifying IEC communication........................................................ 94 Optical budget calculation for serial communication with SPA/IEC . 95
Chapter 12 Establishing connection and verifying the LON communication ..................................................................... 97

Reference .......................................................................................... 98 Verification of the optical budget .................................................. 98 Optical budget calculation for serial communication with LON 98
Chapter 13 Verifying settings by secondary injection ................. 99

Overview.......................................................................................... 100 Preparing for test ............................................................................. 102 Overview..................................................................................... 102 Preparing the connection to the test equipment ......................... 102 Setting the terminal in test mode ................................................ 103 Connecting test equipment to the terminal ................................. 103 Verifying the connection and the analog inputs .......................... 104
Contents
Releasing the function(s) to be tested ........................................ 105 Checking the disturbance report settings ................................... 105 Identifying the function to test in the technical reference manual ........................................... 106 Autorecloser (AR) ............................................................................ 107 Preparing .................................................................................... 108 Checking the AR functionality..................................................... 109 Checking the reclosing condition ................................................ 109 Checking the Inhibit signal..................................................... 110 Checking the closing onto a fault........................................... 110 Checking the breaker not ready ............................................ 110 Checking the synchro-check condition (for three-phase reclosing cycle) ............................ 110 Checking the operation Stand-by and Off ............................. 110 Testing the multi-breaker arrangement....................................... 111 Completing the test..................................................................... 111 Breaker failure protection (BFP) ...................................................... 112 Verifying the settings .................................................................. 112 Verifying the retrip setting ........................................................... 112 Checking the retrip function with retrip set to off.................... 112 Checking the retrip function with current check ..................... 112 Checking the retrip function without current check ................ 113 Completing the test..................................................................... 113 Broken conductor check (BRC) ....................................................... 114 Measuring the operate and time limit of set values .................... 114 Communication channel test logic (CCHT)...................................... 115 Testing the logic.......................................................................... 115 Current circuit supervision (CTSU) .................................................. 116 Time delayed residual overcurrent protection (TEF)........................ 117 Checking the operate values of the current measuring elements ............................................... 117 Disturbance recorder (DR)............................................................... 120 Event counter (CN) .......................................................................... 121 Event function (EV) .......................................................................... 122 Event recorder (ER) ......................................................................... 123 Instantaneous non-directional overcurrent protection (IOC) ............ 124 Measuring the operate limit of set values ................................... 124 Phase overcurrent protection ................................................ 124 Residual overcurrent protection (non-dir.) ............................. 124 Completing the test..................................................................... 124 Line differential protection, phase segregated (DIFL)...................... 125 Testing the line differential protection ......................................... 127 Testing the charging current compensation................................ 129 Completing the test..................................................................... 130 Supervision of AC input quantities (DA)........................................... 131 Verifying the settings .................................................................. 131 Completing the test..................................................................... 131 Supervision of mA input quantities (MI) ........................................... 132 Verifying the settings .................................................................. 132 Completing the test..................................................................... 133 Multiple command (CM)................................................................... 134 Overload supervision (OVLD) .......................................................... 135 Measuring the operate and time limit of set values .................... 135
Contents
Pole discordance protection (PD) .................................................... 137 Pulse counter logic for metering (PC).............................................. 138 Setting lockout (HMI) ....................................................................... 139 Verifying the settings .................................................................. 139 Completing the test..................................................................... 139 Four parameter setting groups (GRP) ............................................. 140 Verifying the settings .................................................................. 140 Single command (CD) ..................................................................... 141 Thermal phase overload protection (THOL) .................................... 142 Measuring the operate and time limit of set values .................... 142 Testing the protection without external temperature compensation (NonComp) ................................ 142 Definite time non-directional overcurrent protection (TOC) ............ 144 Measuring the operate limit of set values ................................... 144 Time delayed phase overcurrent ........................................... 144 Time delayed residual overcurrent (non-dir.)......................... 144 Completing the test..................................................................... 145 Tripping logic (TR) ........................................................................... 146 3ph operating mode.................................................................... 146 1ph/3ph operating mode............................................................. 146 1ph/2ph/3ph operating mode...................................................... 147 Completing the test..................................................................... 148 Two step time delayed non-directional phase overcurrent protection (TOC2)......................................................... 149 Measuring the operate and time limit for set values ................... 149 Measuring the operate limit of the low step overcurrent protection ............................................................................ 149 Measuring the definite time delay of the low set stage.......... 149 Measuring the inverse time delay of the low set stage.......... 149 Measuring the operate limit of the high step overcurrent protection ............................................................................ 150 Completing the test..................................................................... 150 Sudden change in phase current protection (SCC1) ...................... 151 Measuring the operate limit of set values ................................... 151 Sudden change in current in any phase ................................ 151 Dependability test .................................................................. 151 Time delay test ...................................................................... 151 Completing the test................................................................ 152 Sudden change in residual current protection (SCRC) ................... 153 Measuring the operate limit of set values ................................... 153 Sudden change in residual current........................................ 153 Dependability test .................................................................. 153 Time delay test ...................................................................... 153 Completing the test................................................................ 154 Undercurrent protection (UCP) ........................................................ 155 Measuring the operate limit of set values ................................... 155 Undercurrent in any phase .................................................... 155 Dependbility test .................................................................... 155 Time delay test ...................................................................... 155 Completing the test................................................................ 155 Phase overcurrent protection (OCP) ............................................... 156 Measuring the operate limit of set values ................................... 156 Overcurrent in any phase ...................................................... 156
Contents
Dependability test .................................................................. 156 Time delay test ...................................................................... 156 Completing the test................................................................ 156 Residual overcurrent protection (ROCP) ......................................... 157 Measuring the operate limit of set values ................................... 157 Residual overcurrent ............................................................. 157 Dependability test .................................................................. 157 Time delay test ...................................................................... 157 Completing the test................................................................ 158
Chapter 14 Verifying the internal configuration........................... 159

Overview .......................................................................................... 160 Testing the interaction of the distance protection ............................ 161
Chapter 15 Testing the protection system ................................... 163

Overview .......................................................................................... 164 Testing the interaction of the distance protection ............................ 165
Chapter 16 Fault tracing and repair............................................... 167

Fault tracing ..................................................................................... 168 Using information on the local HMI............................................. 168 Using front-connected PC or SMS.............................................. 169 Repair instruction ............................................................................. 171 Repair support ................................................................................. 173
About this chapter
Chapter 1 Introduction
About this chapter This chapter introduces the user to the manual.
Introduction to the installation and commissioning manual

About the complete set of manuals for a terminal
The users manual (UM) is a complete set of four different manuals:
1.1
Application manual
Technical reference manual
Operators manual
en01000044.vsd
The Application Manual (AM) contains descriptions, such as application and functionality descriptions as well as setting calculation examples sorted per function. The application manual should be used when designing and engineering the protection terminal to find out when and for what a typical protection function could be used. The manual should also be used when calculating settings and creating configurations. The Technical Reference Manual (TRM) contains technical descriptions, such as function blocks, logic diagrams, input and output signals, setting parameter tables and technical data sorted per function. The technical reference manual should be used as a technical reference during the engineering phase, installation and commissioning phase, and during the normal service phase. The Operator's Manual (OM) contains instructions on how to operate the protection terminal during normal service (after commissioning and before periodic maintenance tests). The operator's manual can be used to find out how to handle disturbances or how to view calculated and measured network data in order to determine the cause of a fault. The Installation and Commissioning Manual (ICM) contains instructions on how to install and commission the protection terminal. The manual can also be used as a reference if a periodic test is performed. The manual covers procedures for mechanical and electrical installation, energizing and checking of external circuitry, setting and configuration as well as verifying settings and performing a directional test. The chapters and sections are organized in the chronological order (indicated by chapter/section numbers) in which the protection terminal should be installed and commissioned.
1.2
About the installation and commissioning manual

The installation and commissioning manual contains the following chapters: The chapter Safety information presents warning and note signs, which the user should pay attention to.
The chapter Overview gives an overview over the major tasks when installing and commissioning the terminal. The chapter Unpacking and checking the terminal contains instructions on how to receive the terminal. The chapter Installing the terminal contains instructions on how to install the terminal. The chapter Checking the external circuitry contains instructions on how to check that the terminal is properly connected to the protection system. The chapter Energising the terminal contains instructions on how to start-up the terminal. The chapter Setting and configuring the terminal contains instructions on how to download settings and configuration to the terminal. The chapter Establishing connection and verifying the SPA/IEC-communication contains instructions on how to enter SPA/IEC settings and verifying the SPA/IEC communication. The chapter Establishing connection and verifying the LON communication contains a reference to another document. The chapter Verifying settings by secondary injection contains instructions on how to verify that each included function operates correctly according to the set values. The chapter Primary injection testing describes a test with primary current through the protected zone. The chapter Testing the protection system contains instructions on how to test that the terminal is in contact with the primary system. The chapter Fault tracing and repair contains instructions on how to fault trace.
1.3
1.3.1
Intended audience
General The installation and commissioning manual is addressing the installation, commissioning and maintenance personnel responsible for taking the protection into normal service and out of service. Requirements The installation and commissioning personnel must have a basic knowledge in handling electronic equipment. The commissioning and maintenance personnel must be well experienced in using protection equipment, test equipment, protection functions and the configured functional logics in the protection.
1.3.2
1.4
Related documents
Documents related to REL 551*2.5 Operator's manual Installation and commissioning manual Technical reference manual Application manual Buyer's guide Identity number 1MRK 506 150-UEN 1MRK 506 151-UEN 1MRK 506 152-UEN 1MRK 506 153-UEN 1MRK 506 179-BEN
1.5
Revision notes
Revision C Description Minor updates in chapter: Configuring the 56/64 kbit data communication modules / Configuring the fibre optical modem Verifying settings by secondary injection / Line differential protection, phase segregated (DIFL)
1.6
Acronyms and abbreviations
AC ACrv2 A/D converter ADBS AIM ANSI ASCT ASD AWG BIM BLKDEL BOM BR BS BSR BST BT
Alternating Current Setting A for programmable overvoltage IDMT curve, step 2 Analog to Digital converter Amplitude dead-band supervision Analog input module American National Standards Institute Auxiliary summation current transformer Adaptive Signal Detection American Wire Gauge standard Binary input module Block of delayed fault clearing Binary output module Binary transfer receive over LDCM British Standard Binary Signal Receive (SMT) over LDCM Binary Signal Transmit (SMT) over LDCM Binary Transfer Transmit over LDCM
C34.97 CAN CAP 531 CB CBM CCITT Controller Area Network. ISO standard (ISO 11898) for serial communication Configuration and programming tool Circuit breaker Combined backplane module Consultative Committee for International Telegraph and Telephony. A United Nations sponsored standards body within the International Telecommunications Union. Current circuit supervision Controller area network emulation module Communication interface module Combined Mega Pulses Per Second Close-Open cycle Way of transmitting G.703 over a balanced line. Involves two twisted pairs making it possible to transmit information in both directions Way of transmitting G.703 over a balanced line. Involves four twisted pairs of with two are used for transmitting data in both directions, and two pairs for transmitting clock signals Central Processor Unit Carrier Receive Cyclic Redundancy Check POR carrier for WEI logic Carrier send Current transformer Input to be used for transmit CT group 1line L1 in signal matrix tool Signal name for CT-group 1line L1 in signal matrix tool Input to be used for transmission of CT-group 2 line L3 to remote end Input to be used for transmission of CT-group 2 neutral N to remote end.
CCS CEM CIM CMPPS CO cycle Co-directional Contra-directional
CPU CR CRC CRL CS CT CT1L1 CT1L1NAM CT2L3 CT2N
CVT DAR db DBDL DBLL DC DIN-rail DIP-switch
Capacitive voltage transformer Delayed auto-reclosing dead band Dead bus dead line Dead bus live line Direct Current Rail conforming to DIN standard Small switch mounted on a printed circuit board
DLLB DSP DTT EHV network EIA EMC ENGV1 ENMULT EMI ESD FOX 20 FOX 512/515 FOX 6Plus FPGA FRRATED FSMPL G.703
Dead line live bus Digital signal processor Direct transfer trip scheme Extra high voltage network Electronic Industries Association Electro magnetic compatibility Enable execution of step one Current multiplier used when THOL is used for two or more lines Electro magnetic interference Electrostatic discharge Modular 20 channel telecommunication system for speech, data and protection signals Access multiplexer Compact, time-division multiplexer for the transmission of up to seven duplex channels of digital data over optical fibers Field Programmable Gate Array Rated system frequency Physical channel number for frequency calculation Electrical and functional description for digital lines used by local telephone companies. Can be transported over balanced and unbalanced lines Standard for pulse code modulation of analog signals on digital lines Communication interface module with carrier of GPS receiver module General interrogation command Gas insulated switchgear. Generic Object Orientated Substation Event Global positioning system GOOSE Receive (interlock) High level data link control, protocol based on the HDLC standard Fibre connector receiver Human-Machine Interface High-Speed Auto-Reclosing High voltage High voltage direct current Absolute hysteresis for over and under frequency operation Absolute hysteresis for signal magnitude in percentage of Ubase Relative hysteresis for signal magnitude
G.711 GCM GI GIS GOOSE GPS GR HDLC protocol HFBR connector type HMI HSAR HV HVDC HysAbsFreq HysAbsMagn HysRelMagn
HystAbs HystRel IBIAS IDBS IDMT IDMTtmin IdMin IDNSMAG Idunre ICHARGE IEC IEC 186A IEC 60044-6 IEC 60870-5-103 IEEE IEEE 802.12 IEEE P1386.1
Overexcitation level of absolute hysteresis as a percentage Overexcitation level of relative hysteresis as a percentage Magnitude of the bias current common to L1, L2 and L3 Integrating dead-band supervision Minimum inverse delay time Inverse delay minimum time in seconds Operational restrictive characteristic, section 1 sensitivity, multiple Ibase Magnitude of negative sequence differential current Unrestrained prot. limit multiple of winding1 rated current Amount of compensated charging current International Electrical Committee
IEC Standard, Instrument transformers Part 6: Requirements for protective current transformers for transient performance Communication standard for protective equipment. A serial master/slave protocol for point-to-point communication Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers A network technology standard that provides 100 Mbits/s on twisted-pair or optical fiber cable PCI Mezzanine Card (PMC) standard for local bus modules. References the CMC (IEEE P1386, also known as Common Mezzanine Card) standard for the mechanics and the PCI specifications from the PCI SIG (Special Interest Group) for the electrical Electro magnetic force Intelligent electronic device Intelligent gas insulated switchgear Real current component, phase L1 Imaginary current component, phase L1 Negative sequence current must be higher than this to be used Present magnitude of residual current Magnitude of instantaneous value Instance name in signal matrix tool Binary Input/Output module Imaginary part of positive sequence current Real component of positve sequence current Enclosure protects against solid foreign objects 12.5mm in diameter and larger but no protection against ingression of liquid according to IEC60529. Equivalent to NEMA type 1.
EMF IED I-GIS IL1RE IL1IM IminNegSeq INAMPL INSTMAGN INSTNAME IOM IPOSIM IPOSRE IP 20
IP 40
Enclosure protects against solid foreign objects 1.0mm in diameter or larger but no protection against ingression of liquid according to IEC60529. Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) according to IEC 60529. Dust protected. Protected against splashing water. Equivalent to NEMA type 12. Block of the function at high phase current in percentage of base Block of current reversal function Activation of current reversal logic International Telecommunications Union Time multiplier in IDMT mode Time multiplier for IEEE inverse type curve Local area network
IP 54
Ip>block IRVBLK IRV ITU k2 kForIEEE LAN LIB 520 LCD LDCM LDD LED LNT LON MAGN MCB MCM MIM MIP MPPS MPM MV MVB MVsubEna NegSeqROA NSANGLE NUMSTEP NX OCO cycle PCI
Liquid chrystal display Line differential communication module Local detection device Light emitting diode LON network tool Local operating network Magnitude of deadband value Miniature circuit breaker Mezzanine carrier module Milliampere Input Module
Main processing module Medium voltage Multifunction vehicle bus. Standardized serial bus originally developed for use in trains Enable substitution Operate angle for internal/external negative sequence fault discriminator. Angle between local and remote negative sequence currents Number of steps that shall be activated
Open-Close-Open cycle Peripheral Component Interconnect
PCM PISA PLD PMC POTT PPS Process bus PSM PST PT ratio PUTT R1A R1B RADSS RASC RCA REVAL RFPP RFPE RISC RMS value RS422 RS485 RS530 RTU RTC SA SC SCS SLM SMA connector SMS SPA
Pulse code modulation Process interface for sensors & actuators Programmable Logic Device
Permissive overreach transfer trip Precise Positioning System Bus or LAN used at the process level, that is, in near proximity to the measured and/or controlled components Power supply module Parameter setting tool Potential transformer or voltage transformer ratio Permissive underreach transfer trip Source resistance A (near end) Source resistance B (far end) Resource Allocation Decision Support System Synchrocheck relay, from COMBIFLEX range. Functionality characteristic angle Evaluation software Resistance of phase-to-phase faults Resistance of phase-to-earth faults Reduced instruction set computer Root mean square value A balanced serial interface for the transmission of digital data in point-to-point connections Serial link according to EIA standard RS485 A generic connector specification that can be used to support RS422, V.35 and X.21 and others Remote Terminal Unit Real Time Clock Substation Automation Switch or push-button to close Station control system Serial communication module. Used for SPA/LON/IEC communication Sub Miniature version A connector Station monitoring system Strmberg Protection Acquisition, a serial master/slave protocol for point-to-point communication
SPGGIO SRY ST3UO STL1 ST SVC t1 1Ph t1 3PhHS tAutoContWait tCBCLosedMin tExtended t1 THL THOL tInhibit tPulse TP tReporting tRestore TCS TNC connector TPZ, TPY, TPX, TPS tReclaim TRIPENHA TRIPRES TRL1 truck tSync TTRIP UBase U/I-PISA UNom UPS UTC
Single Point Gxxxxx Generic Input/Output Switch for CB ready condition RMS voltage at neutral point Start signal from phase L1 Switch or push-button to trip Static VAr compensation Open time for shot 1, single phase Open time for shot 1, high speed reclosing three phase Wait period after close command before next shot Minimum time that the circuit breaker must be closed before new sequence is permitted Open time extended by this value if Extended t1 is true Thermal Overload Line cable Thermal overload Reset reclosing time for inhibit Pulse length for single command outputs Logic Pulse Timer Cycle time for reporting of counter value Restore time delay Trip circuit supervision Type of bayonet connector, like BNC connector Current transformer class according to IEC Duration of the reclaim time Trip by enhanced restrained differential protection Trip by restrained differential protection Trip signal from phase 1 Isolator with wheeled mechanism Maximum wait time for synchrocheck OK Estimated time to trip (in minutes) Base setting for phase-phase voltage in kilovolts Process interface components that delivers measured voltage and current values Nominal voltage in % of UBase for voltage based timer Measured signal magnitude (voltage protection) Coordinated Universal Time. A coordinated time scale, maintained by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), which forms the basis of a coordinated dissemination of standard frequencies and time signals
10
V.36 VDC WEI VT VTSZ X1A X1B X1L X.21 XLeak XOL ZCOM-CACC ZCOM-CR ZCOM-TRIP ZCOM-LCG
Same as RS449. A generic connector specification that can be used to support RS422 and others Volts Direct Current Week-end infeed logic Voltage transformer Block of trip from weak-end infeed logic by an open breaker Source reactance A (near end) Source reactance B (far end) Positive sequence line reactance A digital signalling interface primarily used for telecom equipment Winding reactance in primary ohms Zero sequence line reactance Forward overreaching zone used in the communication scheme Carrier Receive Signal Trip from the communication scheme Alarm Signal LIne-check Guard
11
12
About this chapter
Chapter 2 Safety information

About this chapter This chapter contains safety information. Warning signs are presented which attend the user to be careful during certain operations in order to avoid human injuries or damage to equipment
13
Warning signs
Warning signs
Warning!
Strictly follow the company and country safety regulations. Working in a high voltage environment requires serious approach to avoid human injuries and damage to equipment.
Warning!
Do not touch circuitry during operation. Potentially lethal voltages and currents are present.
Warning!
Always avoid to touch the circuitry when the cover is removed. The product contains electronic circuitries which can be damaged if exposed to static electricity (ESD). The electronic circuitries also contain high voltage which is lethal to humans.
Warning!
Always use suitable isolated test pins when measuring signals in open circuitry. Potentially lethal voltages and currents are present.
Prohibition!
Never connect or disconnect a wire and/or a connector to or from a IED during normal operation. Hazardous voltages and currents are present that may be lethal. Operation may be disrupted and IED and measuring circuitry may be damaged.
Warning!
Always connect the IED to protective earth, regardless of the operating conditions. This also applies to special occasions such as bench testing, demonstrations and off-site configuration. Operating the IED without proper earthing may damage both IED and measuring circuitry and may cause injuries in case of an accident.
Warning!
Never disconnect a secondary connection of current transformer circuit without short-circuiting the transformers secondary winding. Operating a current transformer with the secondary winding open will cause a massive potential build-up that may damage the transformer and may cause injuries to humans.
14
Warning signs
Warning!
Never remove any screw from a powered IED or from a IED connected to powered circuitry. Potentially lethal voltages and currents are present.
15
Caution signs
Caution signs
Caution!
Always transport modules using certified conductive bags. Always handle modules using a conductive wrist strap connected to protective ground and on a suitable antistatic surface. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) may cause damage to the module.
Caution!
Do not connect live wires to the IED. Internal circuitry may be damaged
Caution!
Always use a conductive wrist strap connected to protective ground when replacing modules. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) may damage the module and IED circuitry.
Caution!
Take care to avoid electrical shock if accessing wiring and connection IEDs when installing and commissioning.
Caution!
Changing the active setting group will inevitably change the IEDs operation. Be careful and check regulations before making the change.
16
Note signs
Note signs
Note!
The protection assembly is designed for a maximum continuous current of four times rated value.
Note!
Activating the setting lockout function, which prevents unauthorised changes of the settings, without proper configuration may seriously affect the IEDs operation.
17
Note signs
18
About this chapter
Chapter 3 Overview
Chapter 3 Overview
About this chapter This chapter introduces the user to the installation and commissioning tasks.
19
Commissioning and installation overview
Chapter 3 Overview
Commissioning and installation overview

The settings for each function must be calculated before the commissioning task can start. A configuration, made in the configuration and programming tool, must also be available if the terminal does not have a factory configuration downloaded. The terminal is unpacked and visually checked. It is preferably mounted in a cubicle or on a wall. The connection to the protection system has to be checked in order to verify that the installation was successful. The installation and commissioning task starts with configuring the digital communication modules, if included. The terminal can then be configured and set, which means that settings and a configuration has to be applied if the terminal does not have a factory configuration downloaded. Then the operation of each included function according to applied settings has to be verified by secondary injection. A complete check of the configuration can then be made. A conformity test of the secondary system has also to be done. When the primary system has been energised a directionality check should be made.
20
About this chapter
Chapter 4 Unpacking and checking the terminal

About this chapter This chapter contains instructions on how to receive the terminal.
21
Receiving, unpacking and checking
Receiving, unpacking and checking

Procedure
1. 2. 3. Remove the transport casing. Visually inspect the terminal. Check that all items are included in accordance with the delivery documents.
The user is requested to check that all software functions are included according to the delivery documents after the terminal has been energised.
4. Check for transport damages.
In case of transport damage appropriate action must be taken against the latest carrier and the nearest ABB office or representative should be informed. ABB should be notified immediately if there are any discrepancies in relation to the delivery documents. Store the terminal in the original transport casing in a dry and dust free place, if the terminal is not to be installed or commissioned immediately. Observe the environmental requirements stated in the technical data.
22
About this chapter
Chapter 5 Installing the terminal

About this chapter This chapter describes how to install the terminal.
23
Overview
Overview
The mechanical and electrical environmental conditions at the installation site must be within permissible range according to the technical data of the terminal. Dusty, damp places, places liable to rapid temperature variations, powerful vibrations and shocks, surge voltages of high amplitude and fast rise time, strong induced magnetic fields or similar extreme conditions should be avoided. Sufficient space must be available in front of and at rear of the terminal to allow access for maintenance and future modifications. Flush mounted terminals should be mounted so that terminal modules can be added and replaced without excessive demounting.
24
Mounting the terminal

Most of the REx 5xx terminals can be rack, flush, semi-flush or wall mounted with the use of different mounting kits. An additional box of type RHGS can be mounted to one side of a 1/2 or 3/4 terminal. The 19-inch 1/1 wide terminal cannot be semi-flush mounted because the mounting distance frame will cover the ventilation openings at the top and bottom. A suitable mounting kit is available. Mounting kits include instruction sheets and all parts needed including screws. The following mounting kits are available: 19-inch rack mounting kits, 1/2, 3/4 and 1/1 terminal width variants. See section 2.1 "Mounting in a 19-inch rack". Side-by-side mounting kit. See section 2.2 "Mounting in a 19-inch rack with an additional box type RHGS". Flush mounting kit. See section 2.3 "Mounting in a flush or semi-flush installation". Semi-flush mounting kit. See section 2.3 "Mounting in a flush or semi-flush installation". Wall mounting kit. See section 2.4 "Mounting on a wall".
25
2.1
Mounting in a 19-inch rack

2
(98000037)
PosNo 1 and 4 2 and 3
Description Mounting angle TORX T20 screws
Figure 1:
19-inch rack mounting
26
Procedure
1. Carefully fasten the mounting angles to the sides of the terminal.
Use the TORX T20 screws available in the mounting kit.

2. 3. Place the terminal assembly in the rack. Fasten the mounting angles with appropriate screws.
2.2
Mounting in a 19-inch rack with an additional box type RHGS

Make sure a side-by-side mounting kit and a suitable 19-inch rack mounting kit are available before proceeding. Assemble the two terminals by using a side-by-side mounting kit. Then mount the brackets and install the assembled terminals in the rack as described in section 2.1 "Mounting in a 19-inch rack".
2 1
xx03000028.vsd
PosNo 1 2 3
Description Side-by-side mounting plate Screws (TORX T20) Mounting angle
Figure 2: Procedure
1.
Side-by-side assembly
Place the two terminals next to each other on a flat surface.
27
2.
Fasten a side-by-side mounting plate (PosNo 1).
Use four of the delivered screws.

3. 4. Carefully turn the two terminals up-side down. Fasten the second side-by-side mounting plate.
Use the remaining four screws.

5. Follow the instructions in section 2.1 "Mounting in a 19-inch rack" to mount the mounting angles (PosNo 5) and install the side-by-side assembly in the rack.
2.3
Mounting in a flush or semi-flush installation

Make sure a flush or semi-flush mounting kit is available before proceeding. The procedure for flush and semi-flush mounting is mainly the same. In semi-flush mounts a distance frame is added. The delivered mounting seal is only necessary to fulfil IP 54.
28
2 1
5 6 3 4
xx00000129.eps
PosNo 1 2 3 4 5 6
Description Sealing strip Distance frame (only for semi-flush) Sealing strip for distance frame (only for semi-flush) Side holder Groove Locking screw (TORX T10)
Figure 3:
Flush and semi-flash mounting
Note!
Flush or semi-flush mount cannot be used for side-by-side mounted terminals when IP 54 must be fulfilled.
29
Procedure
1. Cut the sealing strip in appropriate lengths.
The strip is delivered with the mounting kit. In the semi-flush mounting kit two strips are delivered, one for the terminal and one self-adhering for the distance frame. The length of the strip is enough for the largest available terminal. Cut the strip into four, one part for each side of the terminal. When cutting, make sure no gaps will be present between each part. Preferably, seal the joints at the corners (posNo 1). Repeat the procedure for the self-adhering strip which are to be adhered to the distance frame.
2. Dispose the strip remains.
The remains should be source separated as soft plastic.

3. 4. Carefully press the cut strips into the front panel groove. Adhere the cut strips (posNo 3) to the edge of the distance frame (posNo 2).
semi-flush mounting only.

5. Make a panel cut-out.
See the Technical reference manual for cut-out dimensions.

6. 7. Insert the terminal into the cut-out. Add and lock the side holders (PosNo 4) to the terminal.
Thread a side holder into the groove (posNo 5) at the back end of the terminal. Insert and lightly fasten the locking screw (posNo 6). Next, thread a side holder on the other side of the terminal, and lightly fasten its locking screw. Repeat this with the remaining two side holders.
8. Lock the terminal to the cut-out.
Firmly tighten the locking screws. It is important that all four side holder locking screws are tightened the same in order to maintain a good and even seal in IP 54 environments.
2.4
Mounting on a wall
The mounting bars are prepared for adding DIN-rails or equivalent above and below the mounted terminal. If used, make sure all necessary parts such as rails and terminal blocks are available before starting. Make sure the wall mounting kit is available.
30
xx00000130.eps
PosNo 1 2
Description Mounting bar Side plate
Figure 4: 2.4.1
Wall mounting
Mounting the terminal on a wall Procedure

1. Mount the bars (posNo 1) onto the wall.
See the Technical reference manual for measurements. Depending on the wall different preparations may be needed, like drilling and inserting plastic or expander plugs (concrete/plasterboard walls) or threading (metal sheet wall).
2. 3. Mount the DIN-rail(s) on the mounting bars. Mount the terminal blocks on the DIN-rail(s).
It is much easier to do this without the unit in place.
31
4.
Make all external electrical connections to the terminal blocks.
It is much easier to do this without the unit in place.

5. 6. Mount the side plates (posNo 2) to the terminal. Mount the terminal to the mounting bars.
2.4.2
Preparing a wall mounted terminal for electrical installation Procedure

1. 2. 3. Remove all screws from one side plate. Remove two screws from the other side plate. Careful swing the terminal out from the wall.
See figure 5.
xx99000287
Figure 5:
View from above over a wall mounted terminal that is prepared for electrical connection.
32
Making the electrical connections

Always make sure established guidelines for this type of terminal is followed during installation. When necessary use screened twisted-pair cables to minimize susceptibility. Otherwise use any kind of regular nonscreened tinned cable or equivalent. When using screened cabling always use 360 full screen cable bushings to ensure screen coupling. Ensure that all signals of a single circuit are in the same single cable. Avoid mixing current and voltage measuring signals in the same cable. Also use separate cables for control and measuring circuits.
Note!
Screened and twisted pair cables are a requirement for galvanic communications in application with 56/64 kbit/s. The screen must be earthed according to figures in the sections Making the screen connection and Installing the communication cables.
3.1
Connecting the CT circuits

CTs are connected using back-side mounted screw connectors. Use a solid conductor with a cross section area between 2.5-6 mm2 (AWG14-10) or a stranded conductor with a cross section area between 2.5-4 mm2. If the terminal is equipped with a test-switch of type RTXP 24 COMBIFLEX wires with 20 A sockets must be used to connect the CT circuits.
3.2
Connecting the auxiliary power, VT and signal connectors

Auxiliary power, VTs and signals are connected using COMBICON (Phoenix technology) plug-in screw connectors. Procedure
1. 2. 3. Connect signals to the COMBICON plug. Plug the connector to the corresponding back-side mounted receptable. Lock the plug to the receptable by fastening the lock screws.
Use a solid or stranded conductor with a cross section area between 0.5-2.5 mm2 (AWG20-14). Use a ferrule with plastic collar to connect two conductors, cross section area between 0.5-1.5 mm2 (AWG20-16).
33
X20 X20:5
(98000035)
Figure 6:
Voltage connector, showing connection point X20:5
Where:
is ferrule
Figure 7:
Connected cables with ferrules
34
If the terminal is equipped with a test-switch of type RTXP 24 COMBIFLEX wires with 20 A sockets must be used to connect the VT circuits and the auxiliary power.
3.3
Connecting to protective earth

Connect the unit to the earthing bar of the cubicle with a green/yellow conductor, cross section at least 1.5 mm2 (AWG16), connected to the protective earth connector at the back of the terminal.
3.4
Making the screen connection

When using screened cables always make sure screens are earthed and connected in according to applicable engineering methods. This may include checking for appropriate earthing points near the terminal, for instance, in the cubicle and/or near the source of measuring. Ensure that earth connections are made with short (max. 10 cm) conductors of an adequate cross section, at least 6 mm2 (AWG10) for single screen connections.
Lc Rx
IED
Cc
Lc Tx
External Equipment
Tx Sc
Rx Sc
en03000087.vsd
35
Installing the optical fibres
Installing the optical fibres

Connectors are generally color coded; connect blue or dark grey cable connectors to blue or dark grey (receive) back-side connectors. Connect black or grey cable connectors to black or grey (transmit) back-side connectors.
Caution!
The fibre optical cables are very sensitive to handling. Do not bend too sharply. The minimum curvature radius is 15 cm for the plastic fibre cables and 25 cm for the glass fibre cables. If cable straps are used to fix the cables, apply with loose fit. Always hold the connector, never the cable, when connecting or disconnecting optical fibres. Do not twist, pull or bend the fibre. Invisible damage may increase fibre attenuation thus making communication impossible.
Note!
Please, strictly follow the instructions from the manufacturer for each type of optical cables/connectors.
36
Installing the serial communication cable for RS485 SPA/IEC

RS485 serial communication module
Up
5.1
A B 1) 1) 1) GND
en03000109.vsd
Where: A B 1) GND Signal A Signal B Do not use Ground
Figure 8:
Pin arrangement on modem terminal. Baud rate: 9600
The distance between earth points should be < 100 m, see figure 9. Only the outer shielding is connected to the protective earth at the terminal. The inner and outer shieldings are connected to the protective earth at the external equipment. Use insulating tape for the inner shield to prevent contact with the protective earth. Make sure that the terminals are properly earthed with as short connections as possible from the earth screw, for example to an earthed frame. The terminal and the external equipment should preferably be connected to the same battery.
37
Cc
1)
Cc
A B
A B
A B
Terminal
Terminal
External Equipment (PC)
PE
PE
PE
PE 1)
en03000111.vsd
Where: 1 The inner shields shall be connected together (with an isolated terminal block) and only have one earthing point in the whole system, preferably at the external equipment (PC). The outer shield shall be connected to Protective Earth (PE) in every cable end i.e. to PE at all relay terminals and to PE at External equipment (PC). The first terminal will have only one cable end but all others of course two. Cc PE Communication cable Protective earth screw
Figure 9:
Communication cable installation
38
en03000110.vsd
Where: 1 2 is cable is screw
Figure 10:
Cable contact, Phoenix: MSTB2.5/6-ST-5.08 1757051
The EIA standard RS-485 specifies the RS485 network. An informative excerpt is given in section 5.2.
5.2
Informative excerpt from EIA Standard RS-485

Informative excerpt from EIA Standard RS-485 - Electrical Characteristics of Generators and Receivers for Balanced Digital Multipoint Systems RS-485 Wire - Media dependent Physical layer
1 Normative references
EIA Standard RS-485 - Electrical Characteristics of Generators and Receivers for Balanced Digital Multipoint Systems
2 Transmission method
RS-485 differential bipolar signaling

2.1 Differential signal levels
Two differential signal levels are defined:

A+ =line A positive with respect to line B A- =line A negative with respect to line B 2.2 Galvanic isolation
The RS485 circuit shall be isolated from earth by: Riso 10 M Ciso 10 pF
39
Three isolation options exist: a) The entire node electronics can be galvanically isolated b) The bus interface circuit can be isolated form the rest of node electronics by optoisolators, transformer coupling or otherwise. c) The RS485 chip can include built-in isolation
2.3 2.3.1 Bus excitation and signal conveyance Requirements
a) The RS485 specification requires the Signal A and Signal B wires. b) Each node also requires (5 V) Excitation of the RS485 termination network. c) Vim - the common mode voltage between any pair of RS485 chips may not exceed 10 V. d) A physical ground connection between all RS485 circuits will reduce noise.
2.3.2 Bus segment termination network
The termination network below required at each end of each Bus Ph-segment.
ExV+ Ru = 390 ohm 1/4 W, 2% Signal B Rt = 220 ohm 1/4 W, 2% Signal A Rd = 390 ohm 1/4 W, 2% DGND
ExV is supplied by the Node at end of the Bus Segment

en03000112.vsd
Figure 11:
RS-485 bus segment termination
ExV is supplied by the Node at end of the Bus Segment
The specifications of the components are: a) Ru b) Rt c) Rd + 5 V to Signal B Signal B to Signal A Signal A to GND = 390 , 0.25 W 2.5% = 220 , 0.25 W 2.5% = 390 , 0.25 W 2.5%
2.3.3
Bus power distribution
The end node in each Ph-segment applies 5 V bus excitation power to the Termination network via the Excitation pair (ExV+ and GND) used in the Type 3 Physical layer specification.
40
5.3
Data on RS485 serial communication module cable

Type: Shield: Length: Temp: Impedance: Capacitance: Example:
Twisted-pair S-STP (Screened Screened Twisted Pair) Individual foil for each pair with overall copper braid Maximum 100 m from one system earth to the next system earth (includes length from platform point to system earth on both sides) According to application 120 Less than or equal to 42 pF/m Belden 9841
41
Installing the 56/64 kbit data communication cables

When using galvanic connection between protection terminal and communication equipment or point to point galvanic connection between two protection terminals it is essential that the cable installation is carefully done. This is true regardless of type of module used, G.703, V.36, short range galvanic etc., only the possible length of the cable differs. The factors that must be taken into account are the susceptibility for noise disturbance, due to that the levels of the communication signal are very low. For best result a cable with twisted pairs and double screens should be used, one screen for each twisted pair and one surrounding all pairs. Each signal shall utilizie its own twisted pair as in figure 12. The screen for each separate pair shall be connected to internal screen or ground connection of equipment in one and the same end only, if available, or in other case connected to earth close to the equipment. The outer screen surrounding all pairs shall be connected to a solid earth at each end close to the equipment. Note also that recommendation about cable lengths given for modules according ITU/EIA interface, excluding the short range galvanic module, are under the assumption that the two devices, the protection terminal and the communication terminal, are within the same building and that the earthing system of the building is of good quality. It also presumes that the environment is relatively free from electromagnetic interference.
42
Lc Rx
IED
Cc
Lc Tx
External Equipment
Tx Sc
Rx Sc
en03000087.vsd
Cc Lc Rx Sc Tx
Communication cable Line connector Receive input Screen (or earth/ground) connection Transmit output
Figure 12:
Communication cable installation
43
44
About this chapter
Chapter 6 Checking the external circuitry

About this chapter This chapter describes what to check and which checks that should be made to ensure a correct connection to the external circuitry, such as auxiliary power supply, CTs and VTs. These checks must be made with the protection terminal de-energised.
45
Overview
Overview
The user must check the installation which includes verifying that the terminal is connected to the other parts of the protection system. This is done with the terminal and all connected circuits de-energised.
46
Checking the CT and VT circuits
Checking the CT and VT circuits

Check that the wiring is in strict accordance with the supplied wiring diagram.
Note!
Do not continue further until any errors are corrected.
Test the circuitry. The following tests are recommended: Polarity check. CT circuit current measurement (primary injection test). Earthing check.
The polarity check verifies the integrity of the circuits and the phase relationship. The check should be performed as close as possible to the terminal. The primary injection test verifies the CT ratio and the wiring all the way through from the primary system to the terminal. Injection must be performed for each phase-to-neutral circuit and each phase-to-phase pair. In each case currents in all phases and the neutral line are measured.
47
Checking the power supply
Checking the power supply

Check that the value of the auxiliary supply voltage remains within the permissible range under all operating conditions. Check that the polarity is correct.
48
Checking the binary I/O circuits
4
4.1

Binary input circuits
Preferably, disconnect the binary input connector from the binary input cards. Check all connected signals so that both input level and polarity are in accordance with the terminals specifications.
4.2
Binary output circuits

Preferably, disconnect the binary output connector from the binary output cards. Check all connected signals so that both load and polarity are in accordance with the terminals specifications.
49
50
About this chapter
Chapter 7 Energising the terminal

About this chapter This chapter describes the start up sequence and what to check after the terminal has been enerigsed.
51
Overview
Overview
Before the procedures in this chapter can be carried out the connection to external circuitry must have been checked which ensures that the installation was made correctly. The user must energise the power supply to the terminal to start it up. This could be done in number of ways, from energising a whole cubicle to energising a single terminal. The user should reconfigure the terminal to activate the hardware modules in order to enable the self supervision function detect eventual hardware errors. Then the terminal time must be set. The self supervision function should also be checked to verify that the terminal unit operates properly. The user could also check the software version, the terminals serial number and the installed modules and their ordering number to ensure that the terminal is according to delivery and ordering specifications.
52
Energising the terminal

When the terminal is energised the window on the local HMI remains dark. After 10 seconds the green LED starts flashing and after approximately 30 seconds the window lights up. After another 10 seconds the window displays Terminal Startup and after about 30 seconds the main menu is displayed. The upper row should indicate Ready. A steady green light indicates a successful startup.
1 0
2 10
3 30
4 40
5 70 t (s)
xx02000679.vsd
1 2 3 4 5
Terminal energised. Liquide Crystal Display (LCD) is dark. Green Light Emitting Diod (LED) starts flashing LCD lights up "Terminal startup" is displayed The main menu is displayed. A steady green light indicates a successful startup.
Figure 13:
Typical terminal startup sequence
If the upper row in the window indicates Fail instead of Ready and the green LED is flashing an internal failure in the terminal has been detected. See the self supervision function in this chapter to investigate the fault. After startup the appearance of the local HMI should be as shown in figure 14.
53
LEDs green yellow red
Ready Start Trip REx 5xx Ver X.X C=Quit E=Enter menu
Liquid Crystal Display four rows 16 characters/row
Optical connector for local PC
C E
Push buttons
en00000422.vsd
Figure 14:
Example of the local HMI531.
54
Checking the self supervision signals
3
3.1

Reconfiguring the terminal
I/O modules configured as logical I/O modules (BIM, BOM, IOM, DCM, IOPSM or MIM) are supervised. Not configured I/O modules are not supervised. Each logical I/O module has an error flag that is set if anything is wrong with any signal or the whole module. The error flag is also set when there is no physical I/O module of the correct type present in the connected slot. Procedure
1. Browse to the Reconfigure menu.
The Reconfigure menu is located in the local HMI under: Configuration/I/O-modules/Reconfigure

2. Select Yes and press E.
3.2
Setting the terminal time

This procedure describes how to set the terminal time.
1.
Display the set time dialog.
Navigate the menus to: Settings/Time Press the E button to enter the dialog.
2. Set the date and time.
Use the Left and Right arrow buttons to move between the time and date values (year, month, day, hours, minutes and seconds). Use the Up and Down arrow buttons to change the value.
3. Confirm the setting.
Press the E button to set the calendar and clock to the new values.
3.3
3.3.1
Checking the self supervision function

Navigating the menus This procedure describes how to navigate the menus in order to find the reason of an internal failure when indicated by the flashing green LED of the HMI module.
55
Procedure
1. Display the self supervision menu.
Navigate the menus to: TerminalReport SelfSuperv

2. Scroll the supervision values to identify the reason of the failure.
Use the Left and/or Right arrow buttons to scroll between values.
3.4
Self supervision HMI data

Table 1: Output signals for the self supervision function
Possible reason No problem detected. A failure has occurred. No problem detected. Proposed action None. Check the rest of the indicated results to find the fault. None. Check the rest of the indicated results to find the fault. None. Indicated result InternFail = OK InternFail = Fail InternWarning = OK
InternWarning = Warning A warning has been issued. MPM-modFail = OK MPM-modFail = Fail MPM-modWarning = OK MPM-modWarning = Warning No problem detected.
The main processing mod- Contact your ABB representative for service. ule has failed. No problem detected. There is a problem with: the real time clock. the time synchronization. None. Set the clock. If the problem persists, contact your ABB representative for service. None. Contact your ABB representative for service. Check that the I/O module has been configured and connected to the IOP1- block. If the problem persists, contact your ABB representative for service. None. Set the clock. None. Check the synchronization source for problems. If the problem persists, contact your ABB representative for service.
ADC-module = OK ADC-module = Fail
No problem detected. The A/D conversion module has failed.
Slot04BIM1 = Fail I/O module has failed. (Example data, see following section for details) RealTimeClock = OK RealTimeClock = Warning TimeSync = OK TimeSync = Warning No problem detected. The real time clock has been reset. No problem detected. No time synchronization.
56
About this chapter
Chapter 8 Configuring the 56/64 kbit data communication modules
Chapter 8 Configuring the 56/64 kbit data communication mo dules

About this chapter This chapter contains instructions on how to configure the 56/64 kbit data communication modules, such as galvanic and optical modems.
57
Configuring the fibre optical modem
Configuring the fibre optical modem

Two different levels of optical output power can be set on the HMI under: Configuration/TerminalCom/RemTermCom/OptoPower For the optical module, the optical output power has to be set according to the total attenuation of the fibre optic link.
Note!
Total attenuation is fibers, contacts, splices etc.
For multimode fibres: If the total attenuation is less than 3 dB, use Low power setting If the total attenuation is higher than 3 dB, use High power setting
For single-mode fibres: If the total attenuation is less than 2 dB, use Low power setting If the total attenuation is higher than 2 dB, use High power setting
For optimal operation, the optical communication modules in both terminals must be synchronized. To achieve this, one terminal acts as a Master and the other as a Slave. This is set under: Configuration/TerminalCom/RemTermCom/CommSync
Note!
This is an additional setting and should not be mixed up with the Master-Slave setting for the differential protection function. When communicating with FOX 515 Plus, the setting should be Master for version 2.0 and higher. Slave for version 1.1 and 1.2. When operating back-to-back over dedicated fibres the setting shall be Master on one terminal and Slave on the other.
58
Calculation of optical power budget
Calculation of optical power budget

Refer to table 2 and table 3 for maximum distance in a back-to-back application
Table 2: Input data for calculation of optical power budget
General data Type of optical Tx/Rx-module Bit rate Transmission code Optical fibre Optical connector Optical wavelength Spectral bandwidth Transmitter Tx Optical min output power (S) Receiver Rx Sensitivity for BER 0 10 Available power budget
10
Attenuation
0 64 kbit/s MCMI Single mode FC-PC 1300 nm 30.0 nm LED -22 dBm Pin Diode
(R)
-38 dBm -16 dB
Table 3:
Examples of optical power budget calculation

Example 1 16 dB Included FC-PC for single mode Example 2 16 dB Included
Terminal equipment Available power budget (S_R) Equipment margin Type of optical connectors Terminal box Patch panel connectors Connectors for S-R Total available optical power Optical cable Type of optical fibre Fibre attenuation (installed) Splice attenauation Av. cable length between splices Average number of splices Number of repair splices Fibre margin Total fibre attenuation per km Maximum optical transmission distance 0.08 dB per splice 3.0 km 0.33 splice/km 0.10 splice/km Single mode 1300 nm FC-PC for single mode 0.5 dB each
0 Included 16 dB
0 Included 16 dB
0.22 dB/km
0.34 dB/km
0.027 dB/km 0.008 dB/km 0.010 dB/km 0.265 dB/km 60 km
0.027 dB/km 0.008 dB/km 0.010dB/km 0.385 dB/km 41 km
59
Configuring the short range fibre optical modem

No setting is available for the short range fibre optical modem on the HMI. There are however some settings that can be made on a DIP-switch located behind the cover around the fibre optic connectors at the back of the terminal according to figure 15. After the fibres have been disconnected, if attached, the cover plate can be removed by pulling the middle of the cover plate.
Note!
If handled carefully the cover plate can be removed with the fibres attached.
Fibre optic connectors Cover plate
RXD DSR DCD RA LO Sync On 1 2 3 4
TXD CTS RTS MA LA Sync Off
Reset
xx00000552.vsd
Figure 15:
Setting and indications for the short range optical modem
Switch 3 and 4 are used to set the source of timing. The function is according to the setting of timing signal, table 4. When using the modem for optical point-to-point transmission, one modem should be set for locally created timing and the other for timing recovered from the received signal. When the modems are communicating with a transceiver 21-15X or 16X the modems shall be set for timing recovered from received optical signal, see setting of timing signal.
Note!
After any change of settings, the modem has to be reset by the Reset button located below the DIP-switch.
60
Table 4:
Switch no. 3 OFF OFF ON ON
Setting of the timing signal

Function 4 OFF ON OFF ON Timing created by the modem Timing recovered from received optical signal Timing created by the MPM module No timing, the data transmission will not work
There are also some jumpers on the circuit board that have to be correctly set. One, S4 according to figure 17, is for changing the functionality between article number 1MRK 001 370-BA delivered with version 1.1, 1.2 and 2.0.(marked 1MRK001471-BA) and 1MRK 001 370-DA delivered with version 2.3 and higher (marked 1MRK001471-DA). The difference between these two is that the transmitted and received signals are inverted in relation to one another. When a terminal of version 1.1, 1.2 or 2.0 is to communicate with a terminal of version 2.3 or higher it is necessary that the jumper is changed to 1 MRK 001 370-BA in the version 2.3 terminal. This is because older versions of this module lack the capacity to set article number, they are set in 1 MRK 001 370-BA. If both terminals however include modules with capacity to change article number it actually doesnt matter which article number is used as long as the same number is used in both terminals. The other jumper is S3 and must be in the position indicated in figure 17. If it is in the top position the communication will not work. (In top position the transmit clock is supposed to be created in the CPU on the MPM module which is not possible). On JTAG/ISP there shall be no jumpers inserted.
Note!
When using the set up in figure 16 only at one end and for example a direct G.703 connection at the other end a short range fibre optical modem according to 1MRK 001 370-DA must be used.
Optical fibres 21-15X/16X REx5xx
V.35/36 (15X) X.21 (16X) G.703 (16X)

xx00000542vsd
Figure 16:
Multiplexed link, short range fibre optical connection
61
1 S3
JTAG/ISP
S4
1MRK001471-BA 1MRK001471-DA
1 2
xx01000138.vsd
1 2
Delivered with version 1.1, 1.2 and 2.0 Delivered with version 2.3 or higher
Figure 17:
Jumper location on short range optical modem
The jumpers are accessible after the modem has been pulled out. This is done by first removing all green 18-pin connectors at the back, then remove all screws holding the back plate. After the back plate has been removed the modem can be pulled out.
Note!
Pull out the modem only and not the whole double size Euro-card. After the jumper settings have been changed put everything back in reverse order.
Note!
All electronics are sensitive to electrostatic discharge. Proper action must be taken at the work place to avoid electrostatic discharge! Disconnect DC. There are LEDs for supervision of the communication channel that can be seen when the cover around the fibre optic connectors is removed. These LEDs are found above the DIP-switches. The function of the LEDs is explained in table 5.
62
Table 5:
LED RTS CTS DSR DCD TXD RXD RA MA LO LA Sync
Indications
Color Yellow Yellow Yellow Yellow Yellow Yellow Red Red Green Red Green Explanation Request to send Clear to send Data communication correct Detection of carrier signal Transmitted data Received data Remotely detected problem with link Memory function for problem with link Link operation correctly Locally detected problem with link Used when synchronization is selected
63
Configuring the short range galvanic modem

No setting is available for the short range galvanic modem on the HMI. There are however some settings that can be made on the DIP-switch located behind the cover around the line connector at the back of the terminal as shown in figure 18. After the connector has been disconnected, if attached, the cover plate can be removed by pulling the middle of the cover plate. No settings are located on the circuit board.
Line connector
Cover plate
1 2 3 4 5
Off 1 2 3 4 DCD RD TD
On
xx00000555.vsd
Figure 18:
Setting and indications for short range galvanic modem
Only switch 1 and 2 are used on the DIP-switch. The function is dependant on the setting of the timing signal, see table 6. In normal operation switch 1 is set in ON position at one end of the communication channel and switch 2 is set ON at the other end. The rest of the switches are set to OFF.
Table 6:
Switch no. 1 OFF OFF ON ON 2 OFF ON OFF ON Unpredictable, normally locally created timing Timing recovered from received signal Locally created timing Timing recovered from received signal
Setting of timing signal

Function
There are also LEDs for the supervision of the communication channel that can be seen when the cover around the fibre optic connectors is removed. These LEDs are found below the DIP-switch. The function of the LEDs is explained in table 7.
64
Table 7:
LED DCD TD RD
Indications
Explanation Detection of carrier signal Transmitted data Received data
65
Configure the interface modules for V.36, X.21 and RS530

The connector for X.21 is a 15 pin DSUB according to the X.21 standard. For RS530 the connector is a 25 pin DSUB according to the RS530 standard. The same 25 pin DSUB is also used for the V.36 connection contrary to the 37 pin DSUB listed in the standard. The pin lay-out is shown in figure 19 and pin designations are explained in table 19.
V.36, RS530
X.21
15 14 RCLK(B) 13 12 RXD(B) 11 10 TXD (B) 9
25 TCLK DTE(A) 24 DTE READY(B)* 23 22 21 8 GND DTE READY(A) 20 7 REQ SEND (B)* 19 6 RCLK 18 5 RCLK(A) 17 4 RXD(A) RXD(B) 16 3 TCLK DCE(A) 15 2 TXD (A) TXD (B) 14 1 SCREEN
13 12 TCLK DCE (B) 11 TCLK DTE (B) 10 9 RCLK (B) 8 7 GND 6 5 4 REQ SEND (A) 3 RXD (A) 2 TXD (A) 1 SCREEN
15 pin DSUB
* not for V.36
25 pin DSUB
xx00000544.vsd
Figure 19:
Table 8:
Designation A B DCE DTE DTE READY GND RCLK REQ SEND
DSUB connectors
DSUB connector explanation
Explanation Designations of terminals according to ITU (CCITT), EIA etc. Designations of terminals according to ITU (CCITT), EIA etc. Data communication equipment (= multiplexer, etc.) Data terminal equipment (= protection) Data terminal ready (follows auxiliary voltage) Earth (reference for signals) Receiver signal timing Request to send (follows auxiliary voltage)
66
Designation RXD SCREEN TCLK DCE TCLK DTE TXD
Explanation Received data Connection of cable screen Transmitter signal timing from DCE Transmitter signal timing from DTE Transmitter data
For the co-directional operation the transmission rate of the transmitted signal must be set.This setting, 56 or 64 kbit/s, is done on the HMI under: Configuration/TerminalCom/RemTermCom/BitRate For X.21 and contra-directional operation no settings are available. For the signals used by the protection, the communication module for V.36 also fulfils the older recommendation for V.35.
67
Configuring the interface modules for G.703 co-directional
Configuring the interface modules for G.703 co-directional

No setting is available for the G.703 modem on the HMI. There are however some settings that can be made on a DIP-switch located behind the cover around the line connector at the back of the terminal according to figure 20. After the connector has been disconnected, if attached, the cover plate can be removed just by pulling at the middle of the cover plate. No settings are located on the circuit board. Only switch 1 is used on the DIP-switch. In the ON position, transmission timing is generated internally in the modem. In the OFF position, transmission timing is generated by the received G.703 signal. Normally the OFF position shall be used when the terminal is connected to a multiplexer or other communication equipment.If used in back to back operation switch 1 is set in ON position at one end and in OFF position at the other end. The rest of the switches shall be set to OFF. There are also LEDs for supervision of the communication channel that can be seen when the cover around the fibre optic connectors is removed. These LEDs are located below the DIP-switch. The function of the LEDs isexplained in table 9.
A B
1 2 3 4 5
TXD RXD On 1 2 3 4
xx01000137.vsd
A B
Line connector Cover plate
Figure 20:
Table 9:
LED TD RD
G.703 modem, indications and settings

Indications
Explanation Transmitted data Received data
68
Fault tracing
Fault tracing
Procedure
1. 2. 3. Check that the settings are correct. Check that the optical budget is correct. COMFAIL occurs for the following reasons:
The COMFAIL signal will be triggered when there is a problem in the communication link between the two terminals, depending on type of 56/64 modem. Also, normal actions such as a change of setting, switch off of remote terminal during maintenance etc., can cause COMFAIL. 7.0.1 Comfail function
COMFAIL triggering according to table
COMFAIL
Drop-out delay; t = 200ms

en03000125.vsd
Figure 21:
Comfail triggering.
The 200 ms alarm dropout delay is, for example, required as hysteresis for terminals with reserve overcurrent, REL 551 or distance reserve function REL 561, if the differential function is blocked by communication delays and interruptions etc. The communication failure signal, COMFAIL, depends on the following internal signals (variables) in each terminal for REx 5xx. Table 10 shows a summary with additional explanations below.
69
Fault tracing
Table 10:
No.
Summary
COMFAIL trigger- Remark ing time (Drop-out delay 200 ms)
50 ms 100 ms
COMFAIL triggering
1 2 3 4
Transmit error Receive error Block differential protection Remote terminal COMFAIL
Messages can not be sent No valid messages received Block of the differential protection due to setting changes etc. COMFAIL from the remote terminal. For error no 1, 2, 3, and no 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 the COMFAIL is sent in the second consecutive message (within 10 ms) Problems in the synchronization of internal differential clock in the differential protection. The clock refers to the synchronized counters 0-39999 s in each terminal. The clock is independent of the real time clock in the terminal. Unacceptable drift of the internal differential clock in the slave terminal compared to the internal differential clock in the master terminal (slavemaster -slave) Checks if the loop time (slave - master -slave) in the differential communication channel 31 ms Checks if the loop time (local - remote- local) in the differential communication channel 24 ms Internal differential clock deviation (slavemaster - slave) Long time between attempts to send messages and adjustment of the real time terminal clock . The terminal clock is the real time clock in the terminal for time tagging of events etc.
0 ms 0 ms
Time synchronization error
2s
Differential clock drift
> 0 ms
Communication channel loop delay - instantaneous Communication channel loop delay - time delayed Abnormal clock deviation Data flow Only in version *2.3
0 ms
2s
9 10
0 ms 0 ms
7.0.2
Explanation of contents in column 2 of table 42 1. Transmit errors are due to that the terminal cannot send messages via the telecommunication channel (PCM). The line differential function initiates the sending of one message every 5 ms. If this command can not be executed for 10 consecutive times (= 10 x 5 ms) due to blocked, missing or unsynchronized communication channel, COMFAIL is triggered. For non-consecutive interruptions, an integration algorithm is used that prolongs the COMFAIL triggering time. 2. Receive errors occur when no expected messages are received. The line differential function expects to receive one message every 5 ms. If this does not occur 10 consecutive times (= 10x5 ms), COMFAIL is triggered. For non-consecutive interruptions, an integration algorithm is used that prolongs the COMFAIL triggering time.
70
Fault tracing
3. Block differential protection. Block of differential protection occurs during change of settings or setting group. 4. Remote terminal COMFAIL. For error No 1, 2, 3 and No 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 the COMFAIL is sent in the second consecutive message (within 10 ms). Thus, some short interruptions can be recorded only in one terminal. The communication channel must be in operation to be able to receive this signal. 5. Time synchronization error refers to synchronization check and is only performed by the terminal set as Slave for the internal differential clocks synchronization. If 50 time synchronization messages (included with every 8 line differential function message) are not correctly received (= 8 x 5 ms x 50 = 2000 ms), COMFAIL will be triggered. If more than 750 synchronization messages are not correctly received, a re-synchronization of the internal differential clock will be made. For non-consecutive interruptions, an integration algorithm prolongs the COMFAIL triggering time. 6. Differential Clock drift refers to a difference > 50 ms between the internal differential clocks in the differential protection in the terminal set as Slave and the one set as Master for synchronization of the internal differential clock. The COMFAIL triggering time depends on a number of factors from a drift compensation algorithm. This check is normally not activated unless the communication channel has been lost for a long time. 7. Communication channel loop delay-instantaneous is checked every 40 ms (at each synchronization message). If the communication channel loop (Slave-Master-Slave) delay is more than 31ms for one message, COMFAIL is triggered instantaneously. This check is done in the terminal set as Slave for the internal differential clock by a comparison with the real time clock in the terminal at sending and receiving of a looped message. 8. Communication channel loop delay-time delayed checks if the communication channel delay for transmitted and received signal is >24 ms (Local-Remote-Local). The check is performed every 40 ms (at each synchronization message) by comparing the real time clock time at sending and receiving of a looped message. COMFAIL is triggered after 50 consecutive messages with excessive loop time. COMFAIL triggering time = 2000 ms (= 50x40 ms). For non-consecutive messages with excessive loop time, an integration algorithm is used that prolongs the COMFAIL triggering. 9. Abnormal clock deviation checks if the synchronization in the Slave of the internal differential clocks in the differential protection have an abnormal deviation, (Slave-MasterSlave). COMFAIL is triggered instantaneously, but will probably only occur after long interruptions in the communication channel. However, the start or re synchronization procedure can also activate COMFAIL due to this function. 10. Data flow checks if the time between initiations of the sending messages from the line differential function is longer than 20 ms, using the real time clock for the check. This check will also trigger the COMFAIL if the external time synchronization of the real time clock by minute pulse or SPA/LON from Station Clock or GPS, adjusts the terminal clock forward > 15 ms. The COMFAIL triggering is instantaneous. The channel interruption measurements for short, medium and long interruptions, presented on the HMI are based on measurements of timing from the real time clock which are made independently in each terminal. These measurements are also independent from the internal differential clock. The mea-
71
Fault tracing
surements presented on the front HMI are not connected to COMFAIL or by indications of channel delay exceeding 12 ms, since the delay is not a channel interrupt, the channel is still working.
72
Configuring the transceiver 21-15xx

Follow the instructions, for setting of jumpers, given in the document delivered with the transceiver. Here follow some recommendations on settings and connections when operating together with protection systems from ABB. In the following the transceiver is regarded as a DTE (although it is actually designed as a DCE) and is supposed to be connected to communication equipment that acts as a DCE. For synchronous communication a DCE always has to output timing signals (TC and RC) and one input timing signal (TTC). For the DTE the opposite is valid. All clocks in a synchronous network have the same timing and provided the phase is set correctly they also have the same phase. This means that only one clock signal has to be used between the transceiver and the communication as shown in the cases below.
73
Co-directional operation
The connection is made according to table 11.
Table 11:
Transceiver Pin No. V.35 Signal TD RD TTC No 103 104 113 A P R U B S T W V.36 A 4 6 17 B 22 24 35 Comm. eq. Signal RD TD RC No 104 103 115 Direction Comm. eq. -> Transceiver Transceiver -> Comm. eq. Comm. eq. -> Transceiver
Connections
Figure 22 shows the connection. If needed for proper operation of the communication equipment a connection can be made between the RC and TC. Both TD and RD are controlled from TTC.
Tranceiver TD(A) TD(B) RD(A) RD(B) TTC(A) TTC(B)
Communication equipment RD(A) RD(B) TD(A) TD(B) RC(A) RC(B) TC(A) TC(B)
en01000190.vsd
Figure 22:
Connection between transceiver and communication equipment
The transceiver is set according to table 12.
74
Table 12:
Settings
Setting Middle position Bottom position 9 Middle position Has no influence on operation Gives V.35 V.36 64 kbit/s External clock ---
Switch, jumper S1 S1 S2 S3 S4
75
Contra-directional operation
10
Connected according to table 13.
Table 13:
Transceiver Pin No. V.35 Signal TD RD TTC
1)
Connections
V.36 B S T W A 4 6 17 B 22 24 35
Comm. eq. Signal RD TD

1)
No 103 104 113
A P R U
No 104 103
1)
Direction Comm. eq -> Transceiver Transceiver -> Comm. eq. Comm. eq. -> Transceiver
Either RC - 115 or TC - 114 can be used.
Figure 23 shows the connection. In this case the connection to TTC can be made either from RC or TC but not from both. Both TD and RD are controlled from TTC.
Tranceiver TD(A) TD(B) RD(A) RD(B) TTC(A) TTC(B) 1)
Communication equipment RD(A) RD(B) TD(A) TD(B) RC(A) RC(B) TC(A) TC(B)
1)
en01000191.vsd
where: 1 is the selection between either RC or TC
Figure 23:
Setting of transceiver is done according to table 14.
76
Table 14:
Settings
Setting Middle position Bottom position 9 Middle position Has no influence on operation Gives V.35 V.36 64 kbit/s External clock ---
Switch, jumper S1 S1 S2 S3 S4
77
11

For setting jumpers, follow the instructions in the document delivered with the transceiver. Here follow some recommendations on settings and connections when using protection systems from ABB. In the following, the transceiver is regarded as a DTE and is supposed to be connected to communication equipment that acts as a DCE.
11.1
X.21 operation
The connection is made according to table 15.
Table 15:
Transceiver Pin No. Signal T R S A 2 4 6 B 9 11 13 Signal T R S Direction Comm. eq -> Transceiver Transceiver -> Comm. eq. Comm. eq. -> Transceiver
Connections
Comm. eq.
Figure 24 shows the connection.
Tranceiver T(A) T(B) R(A) R(B) S(A) S(B)
Communication equipment T(A) T(B) R(A) R(B) S(A) S(B)
en01000192.vsd
Figure 24:
Set transceiver according to table 16.
78
Table 16:
Settings
Setting Jumpers downwards Second position from bottom 9 Jumper at middle position Has no influence on operation Gives DTE X.21 64 kbit/s External clock ---
Switch, jumper S2, S3, S4, S15, S16 S6 S11 S14 S13
11.2
G.703 co-directional operation

Connect according to table 17.
Table 17:
Transceiver Signal TX RX
1)
Connections
Comm. eq. Pin1) 1/2 3/4 Signal RX TX Direction Comm. eq -> Transceiver Transceiver -> Comm. eq.
RJ-45 connector. Numbered from left the connection points will bet this number
If a screen is available in the cable it is connected to Protection Ground (pin 9 on the transceiver) at one or both ends. Figure 25 shows the connection. Note that the signal directions are according to DCE operation for both transceiver and communication equipment.
Tranceiver TX(A) TX(B) RX(A) RX(B)
Communication equipment RX(A) RX(B) TX(A) TX(B)

en01000193.vsd
Figure 25:
Connection between Transceiver and Communication equipment
Set transceiver according to table 18.
79
Table 18:
Settings
Setting
Switch, jumper
S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S11 S14 timing source S14 sync S13
G.703 co - con, balanced Nx64 kbps Co-directional Has no influence on operation Has no influence on operation Has no influence on operation 9 (64 kbit/s) External clock No jumper Has no influence on operation
80
About this chapter
Chapter 9 Setting and configuring the terminal

About this chapter This chapter describes how to set the terminal, either through a PC or the local HMI, and download a configuration to the terminal in order to make commissioning possible. The chapter does not contain instructions on how to create a configuration or calculate settings. Please consult the application manual for further information about how to calculate settings.
81
Overview
Overview
The customer specific values for each setting parameter and a configuration file has to be available before the terminal can be set and configured, if the terminal is not delivered with a configuration. Use the CAP 531 configuration tool to verify if the terminal has the expected configuration. A new configuration is performed with the CAP tool. The binary outputs can be selected from a signal list where the signals are grouped under their function names. It is also possible to specify a user-defined name for each input and output signal. The configuration can be downloaded through the front connector on the local HMI or via the rear SPA port. Each function included in the terminal has several setting parameters which have to be set in order to make the terminal behave as intended. A default value is provided for each parameter from factory. A setting file can be prepared using the parameter setting tool (PST), which is available in the CAP 540 package. All settings can be: Entered manually through the local HMI. Downloaded from a PC, either locally or remotely using SMS/SCS. Front or rear port communication has to be established before the settings can be downloaded.
Note!
Be sure to configure the functional input HMI--BLOCKSET to only one of the available binary inputs before setting the parameter SettingRestrict to Block in the local HMI.
82
Entering settings through the local HMI
Entering settings through the local HMI

Each of the included functions in the terminal has to be set and this can be performed through the local HMI. The user must browse to the desired function and enter the appropriate value. The parameters for each function can be found in the local HMI. See the technical reference manual for a complete list of setting parameters for each function. Some of the included functions may not be used. In this case the user can set the parameter Operation to Off to disable the function. Some settings can only be set through the local HMI, such as the setting access, the slave number and baud rate when communicating with a PC software. The setting access can be blocked by the binary input signal HMI--BLOCKSET. When this signal is active the user can still read all information, including the setting values.
83
Configuring the setting restriction of HMI function
Configuring the setting restriction of HMI function

Configuring the HMI--BLOCKSET functional signal can only be done from the local HMI.
REx 5xx
+ SWITCH WITH KEY
HMI--BLOCKSET SettingRestrict=Block &
RESTRICT SETTINGS
en01000152.vsd
Figure 26: Procedure

1.
Connection and logic diagram for the HMI--BLOCKSET functional signal
Navigate the menus to:
Configuration/BuiltInHMI/HMI--BLOCKSET
2. Select a binary input
Select a binary input not used or reserved for any other purpose. Connect the selected binary input to the DC control voltage via a normally closed contact of a control switch, which can be locked by a key. Only when the normally closed contact is open, the change of settings and configuration of the REx 5xx terminal is possible. See figure 26.
84
Activating the restriction of setting
4
4.1
Activating the restriction of setting

Local HMI
Activating the restriction of setting via local HMI can only be done from the local HMI. Procedure
1. Navigate the menus to:
Configuration/BuiltInHMI/SettingRestrict
2. Set SettingRestrict = Block.
Note!
The HMI--BLOCKSET functional input must be configured to the selected binary input before setting the setting restriction function in operation. Carefully read the instructions.
4.2
Serial communication, change of active group

Activating the restriction of setting, or change of active group via the rear communication port, can only be done from the local HMI. Procedure
Configuration/TerminalCom/SPACom/Rear/ActGrpRestrict
2. Set ActGrpRestrict = Block
4.3
Serial communication, setting

Activating the restriction of setting or change of active group, can only be done from the local HMI. Procedure
Configuration/TerminalCom/SPACom/Rear/SettingRestrict
2. Set SettingRestrict = Block
85
Downloading settings and configuration from a PC
5
5.1

Establishing front port communication
When a PC is used to download settings and configuration, you need the terminal toolbox CAP 540 (including CAP 531 and PST). A special cable is needed when connecting a PC to the front of the REx 5xx terminal. This cable can be ordered from ABB. It must be plugged into the optical contact on the left side of the local HMI. The other end of the cable shall be plugged directly into the COM-port on the PC. The cable includes an optical contact, an opto/electrical converter and an electrical cable with a standard 9-pole D-sub contact. This ensures a disturbance-free and safe communication with the terminal. When communicating from a PC, the slave number and baud rate (communication speed) settings must be equal in the PC-program and in the REx 5xx terminal. Procedure
1. 2. 3. Plug the cable to the optical contact on the local HMI. Plug the other end of the cable to the COM port of the PC. Set the slave number and baud rate in the terminal.
The slave number and baud rate settings in the REx 5xx terminal is done on the local HMI at: Configuration/TerminalCom/SPACom/Front
4. Set the slave number and baud rate in the PC-program.
The slave number and baud rate must be the same as in the terminal. See the CAP 540 manual.
5.2
Establishing rear port communication

Settings can be performed via any of the optical ports at the rear of the REx 5xx terminal. When a PC is connected to the SMS system, the CAP 540 and the PST softwares are used. Settings can also be done via the SCS system, based on MicroLIBRARY.
5.2.1
Using the SPA/IEC rear port For all settings and configuration via the SPA communication bus, the SPA/IEC 60870-5-103 port on the rear, it is necessary to first deactivate the restriction for settings. Otherwise, no setting is allowed. This setting only applies for the SPA/IEC 60870-5-103 port during SPA bus communication. The parameter can only be set on the local HMI, and is located at: Configuration/TerminalCom/SPACom/Rear/SettingRestrict It is also possible to permit changes between active setting groups with ActGrpRestrict in the same menu section.
86
Selecting the protocols for the rear ports To define the protocols to be used, a setting is done on the local HMI under the menu: Configuration/TerminalCom/SPA-IEC-LON When the protocols have been selected the terminal will automatically restart. When communicating with SMS or SCS with the SPA or IEC 60870-5-103 protocol the slave number and baud rate (communication speed) settings must be equal in the PC-program and in the REx 5xx terminal. Using the SPA rear port The slave number and baud rate settings of the rear SPA port on the REx 5xx terminal, for SPA bus communication, is done on the local HMI at: Configuration/TerminalCom/SPACom/Rear Using IEC 870-5-103 rear port The slave number and baud rate settings of the rear IEC 60870-5-103 port on the REx 5xx terminal, for IEC 870-5-103 bus communication, is done on the local HMI at: Configuration/TerminalCom/IECCom/Communication 5.2.2 Using LON rear port The LON port is not affected by eventual restricted settings valid for the SPA/IEC port. When communicating via the LON port, the settings are done with the LNT, LON Network Tool. The settings are shown on the local HMI at: Configuration/TerminalCom/LON Com From this menu, it is also possible to send the ServicePinMsg to the LNT.
5.3
Downloading the configuration and setting files

When downloading a configuration to the REx 5xx terminal with the CAP 531 configuration tool, the terminal is automatically set in configuration mode. When the terminal is set in configuration mode, all functions are blocked. The red LED on the terminal flashes, and the green LED is lit while the terminal is in the configuration mode. When the configuration is downloaded and completed, the terminal is automatically set into normal mode. For further instructions please refer to the users manuals for CAP 540 and PST.
87
88
About this chapter
Chapter 10 Requirement of trig condition for disturbance report

About this chapter This chapter describes how to override the limitation on the storage capacity of the flash memory.
89
Requirement of trig condition for disturbance report
Requirement of trig condition for disturbance report

Disturbance reports, setting and internal events in REx 5xx are stored in a non volatile flash memory. Flash memories are used in many embedded solutions for storing information due to high reliability, high storage capacity, short storage time and small size. In REx 5xx there is a potential failure problem, caused by too many write operations to the flash memory. Our experience shows that after storing more than fifty thousand disturbances, settings or internal events the flash memory exceeds its storing capacity and the component is finally defected. When the failure occurs there is no risk of unwanted operation of the protection terminal due to the self-supervision function that detects the failure. The terminal will give a signal for internal fail and go into blocking mode. The above limitation on the storage capacity of the flash memory gives the following recommendation for the disturbance report trig condition: Cyclic trig condition more often then once/day not recommended. Minute pulse input is not used as a trig condition. Total number of stored disturbance reports shall not exceed fifty thousand.
90
About this chapter
Chapter 11 Establishing connection and verifying the SPA/IEC-communication
Chapter 11 Establishing connection and verifying the SPA/IEC-communi cation

About this chapter This chapter contains instructions on how to establish connection and verify that the SPA/IEC-communication operates as intended, when the terminal is connected to a monitoring or control system via the rear SPA/IEC port.
91
Entering settings
Chapter 11 Establishing connection and verifying the
Entering settings
If the terminal is connected to a monitoring or control system via any of the rear SPA and/or IEC ports, the applicable selection of protocols for the rear ports must be made.
1.1
Entering SPA settings

When using the SPA protocol, the rear SPA/IEC port must be set for SPA use. The SPA/IEC port is located at terminal X13 on the rear side of the terminal. Three types of interfaces can be used: for plastic fibres with connector type HFBR for glass fibres with connectors type ST for galvanic RS485
Procedure
1. Set the operation of the rear SPA/IEC port to SPA.
The operation of the rear SPA/IEC port can be found on the local HMI at: Configuration/TerminalCom/SPA-IEC-LON When the setting is entered the terminal will automatically restart. After the restart the SPA/IEC port operates as a SPA port.
2. Set the slave number and baud rate for the rear SPA port
The slave number and baud rate can be found on the local HMI at: Configuration/TerminalCom/SPACom/Rear Set the same slave number and baud rate as set in the SMS system for the terminal.
1.2
Entering IEC settings

When using the IEC protocol, one of the rear ports must be set for IEC use. The selected port can be located at terminal X13 or terminal X15 on the rear side of the terminal. Valid interface depends on selected port.Three types of interfaces can be used: for plastic fibres with connector type HFBR for glass fibres with connectors type ST for galvanic RS485
Procedure
1. Set the operation of one of the rear ports to IEC.
The operation of the rear ports can be found on the local HMI at:
92
Entering settings
Configuration/TerminalCom/SPA-IEC-LON When the setting is entered the terminal will automatically restart. After the restart the selected IEC port operates as a IEC port.
2. Set the slave number and baud rate for the rear IEC port
The slave number and baud rate can be found on the local HMI at: Configuration/TerminalCom/IECCom/Communication Set the same slave number and baud rate as set in the IEC master system for the terminal.
3. Set the main function type of the terminal.
The main function type can be found on the local HMI at: Configuration/TerminalCom/IECCom/FunctionType The main function type can be set to values from 1 to 255 according to the standard. The value zero is default and corresponds to not used. Examples of values that can be used are:
Table 19:
Value
Main function type examples

Function type according to IEC 60870-5-103
128 160 192
Distance protection Overcurrent protection Line differential protection
If the setting OpFnType is set to ON then the set value for function type will be used for all event blocks and the disturbance recorder, otherwise the setting on each event block and the disturbance recorder will decide the function type of that function block.
93
Verifying the communication
Verifying the communication

To verify that the rear communication with the SMS/SCS system is working, there are some different methods. Choose one of the following.
2.1
Verifying SPA communication

Procedure
1. 2. Use a SPA-emulator and send RF to the terminal. The answer from the terminal should be REx500 25. Generate one binary event by activating a function which is configured to an event block where the used input is set to generate events on SPA. The configuration must be made with the CAP5xx software. Verify that the event is presented in the SMS/SCS system.
During the following tests of the different functions in the terminal, verify that the events and indications in the SMS/SCS system are as expected.
2.2
Verifying IEC communication

To verify that the IEC communication with the IEC master system is working, there are some different methods. Choose one of the following. Procedure
1. 2. Check that the master system time-out for response from the terminal, for example after a setting change, is > 40 seconds. Use a protocol analyzer and record the communication between the terminal and the IEC master. Check in the protocol analyzers log that the terminal answers the master messages. Generate one binary event by activating a function which is configured to an event block where the used input is set to generate events on IEC. The configuration must be made with the CAP5xx software. Verify that the event is presented in the IEC master system.
3.
During the following tests of the different functions in the terminal, verify that the events and indications in the IEC master system are as expected.
94
Optical budget calculation for serial communication with SPA/IEC

Table 20: Example
Distance 1 km Glass Distance 25 m Plastic
Maximum attenuation for REx 5xx 4 dB/km multi mode: 820 nm - 62.5/125 um 0.16 dB/m plastic: 620 nm - 1mm Margins for installation, aging etc. Losses in connection box, two contacts (0.7 dB/contact) Losses in connection box, two contacts (1 dB/contact) Margin for repair splices (0.5 dB/splice) Maximum total attenuation
- 11 dB 4 dB 5 dB 1.4 dB 0.5 dB 11 dB
- 7 dB 4 dB 1 dB 2 dB 7 dB
95
96
About this chapter
Chapter 12 Establishing connection and verifying the LON communication

About this chapter This chapter referes to another document.
97
Reference
Reference
We refere to document: LNT 505 Operators Manual 1MRS751706-MUM, Issued: 31.10.99, Program rev: 1.1.1 Doc. version: B.
1.1
1.1.1
Verification of the optical budget

Optical budget calculation for serial communication with LON
Table 21: Example
Distance 1 km Glass Distance 20 m Plastic
Maximum attenuation for REx 5xx 4 dB/km multi mode: 820 nm - 62.5/125 um 0.2 dB/m plastic: 620 nm - 1mm Margins for installation, aging etc. Losses in connection box, two contacts (0.7 dB/contact) Losses in connection box, two contacts (1dB/contact) Margin for repair splices (0.5 dB/splice) Maximum total attenuation
-11 dB 4 dB 5 dB 1.4 dB 0.5 dB 11 dB
- 7 dB 4 dB 1 dB 2 dB 7 dB
98
About this chapter
Chapter 13 Verifying settings by secondary injection

About this chapter This chapter describes how to verify that the protection functions operates correctly according to the settings. Only the tested function should be in operation.
99
Overview
Overview
Required tools for testing of a terminal: Calculated settings Configuration diagram Terminal diagram Technical reference manual Three-phase test equipment
The terminal has to be set and configured before the testing can start. The terminal diagram, available in the Technical reference manual, is a general diagram for the terminal. But note that the same diagram is not always applicable for each specific delivery (especially for the configuration of all the binary inputs and outputs). It is for this reason necessary to check before testing that the available terminal diagram corresponds to the terminal. The Technical reference manual contains application and functionality summaries, function blocks, logic diagrams, input and output signals, setting parameters and technical data sorted per function. The test equipment should be able to provide a three-phase supply of voltages and currents. The magnitude of voltage and current as well as the phase angle between voltage and current must be variable. The voltages and currents from the test equipment must be obtained from the same source and they must have a very small harmonic contents. If the test equipment cannot indicate the phase angle, a separate phase-angle meter is necessary. Prepare the terminal for test before testing a particular function. Consider the logic diagram of the tested protection function when performing the test. All included functions in the terminal are tested according to the corresponding test instructions in this chapter. The functions can be tested in any order according to user preferences and the test instructions are therefor presented in alphabetical order. Only the functions that are used (Operation is set to On) should be tested. The response from a test can be viewed in different ways: Binary outputs signals Service values in the local HMI (logical signal or phasors) A PC with CAP (configuration software) in debug mode
All used setting groups should be tested.
Note!
This terminal is designed for a maximum continuous current of four times the rated current.
100
Overview
Note!
Please observe the measuring accuracy of the terminal, the test equipment and the angular accuracy for both of them.
Note!
Please consider the configured logic from the function block to the output contacts when measuring the operate time.
101
Preparing for test
2
2.1
Preparing for test

Overview
This section describes how to prepare the terminal in order to verify settings. The preparation starts with making the connections to the test switch if included. This means connecting the test equipment according to a valid terminal diagram for the specific REx 5xx terminal. The terminal can then be set in test mode in order to facilitate the test of individual functions and prevent unwanted operation from functions other than the tested. The test switch should then be connected to the terminal. The user could also verify the connection and that the analog inputs signals are measured correctly by injecting currents and voltages as required by the specific REx 5xx terminal. The tested function should then be released. The disturbance report settings could be checked to ensure that correct indications are given. The user could also identify the function to test in the technical reference manual to retrieve signals and parameters names etc.
2.2
Preparing the connection to the test equipment

The REx 5xx terminal can be equipped with a test switch of type RTXP 24. The test switch and its associated test plug handle (RTXH 24) are a part of the COMBITEST system which gives a secure and convenient testing of the terminal. When the test-plug handle is inserted into the test switch, preparations for testing are automatically carried out in the proper sequence (i.e. blocking of tripping circuits, short circuiting of CTs, opening of voltage circuits, making relay terminals available for secondary injection). Terminals 1 and 12 of the test switch are not disconnected as they are used for dc supply of the protection terminal. The test-plug handle leads may be connected to any type of test equipment or instrument. When a number of protection terminals of the same type are tested, the test-plug handle need be moved only from the test switch of one protection terminal to the test switch of the other, without altering previously made connections. To prevent unwanted tripping when the handle is withdrawn, latches on the handle secure it in the half withdrawn position. In this position, all voltages and currents are restored to the protection terminal and any reenergizing transients are given a chance to decay before the trip circuits are restored. When the latches are released, the handle can be completely withdrawn form the test switch, restoring the trip circuits to the protection terminal. If a test switch is not used necessary actions need to be taken according to circuit diagram.
102
Preparing for test
Warning!
Never disconnect a secondary connection of current transformer circuit without short-circuiting the transformer's secondary winding. Operating a current transformer with the secondary winding open will cause a massive potential build-up that may damage the transformer and may cause injuries to humans.
2.3
Setting the terminal in test mode

The terminal can be set in test mode before test. This means that all included functions can be blocked or released as decided during the test. In this way, it is possible to test slower back-up measuring functions without the interference of faster measuring functions. Test mode is indicated when the yellow LED is flashing. Procedure
1. Browse to the Operation menu and press E.
The Operation menu is located in the local HMI under: Test/TestMode/Operation

2. 3. Choose On and press E. Press C twice to exit the menu.
The dialog Save testGroup? appears.

4. Choose Yes and leave the menu.
The window repeatedly displays Busy and after that the yellow LED starts flashing which indicates that the terminal is in test mode.
2.4
Connecting test equipment to the terminal

Before testing, connect the testing equipment according to the valid terminal diagram for each specific REx 5xx terminal. Pay special attention to the correct connection of the input and output current terminals, and to the connection of the residual current. Check that the input and output logical signals in the logic diagram for the tested function are configured to the corresponding binary inputs and outputs of the tested terminal.
103
Preparing for test
RELAY TEST SET
IL1 IL2 IL3 NI UL1 UL2 UL3 UN
IL1 IL2 IL3 IN (I4,I5) UL1 UL2 UL3 UN UN (U4,U5) TRIP L1 TRIP L2 TRIP L3 REx 5xx
en01000162.vsd
Figure 27:
Connection of the test set to the REx 5xx terminal.
2.5
Verifying the connection and the analog inputs

The user must verify that the connection and that the analog signals are measured correctly. Procedure
1. Compare the injected value with the measured value.
The phasor menu is located in the local-HMI under: ServiceReport/Phasors/Primary and Secondary Consider set ratio factors for CTs and VTs.
2. Compare the frequency reading with the set frequency and the direction of the power with the injected power.
The frequency and active power are located in the local-HMI under: ServiceReport/ServiceValues
3. 4. Inject a unsymmetrical three-phase current and voltage at rated value in two phases. Compare the injected value with the measured value.
The phasor menu is located in the local-HMI under:
104
Preparing for test
ServiceReport/Phasors/Primary and Secondary
2.6
Releasing the function(s) to be tested

The user can release the function(s) to be tested. This is done in order to set only the tested function(s) in operation and prevent other functions from operating. The user can release the tested function(s) by setting the corresponding parameter under BlockFunctions to NO in the local HMI. When testing a function in this blocking feature, remember that not only the actual function must be activated, but the whole sequence of interconnected functions (from measuring inputs to binary output contacts), including logic and so on. Before starting a new test mode session the user should scroll through every function to ensure that only the function to be tested (and the interconnected ones) are set to NO. A function is also blocked if the BLOCK input signal on the corresponding function block is active, which depends on the configuration. The user should therefore ensure that the logical status of the BLOCK input signal is equal to 0 for the tested function. The user could also individually block event blocks to ensure that no events are reported to remote station during the test.
Note!
The function is blocked if the corresponding setting under the BlockFunctions menu remains on and the TEST-INPUT signal remains active. All functions that where blocked or released from previous test mode session are still valid when a new test mode session is entered. Procedure
1. Browse to the BlockFunctions menu.
The BlockFunctions menu is located in the local HMI under: Test/TestMode/BlockFunctions

2. Browse to the function that should be released.
Use the left and right arrow buttons. Press E when the desired function has been found.
3. 4. Select No. Press C twice to leave the menu.
The Save TestGroup? dialog appears.

5. Choose Yes leave the menu.
2.7
Checking the disturbance report settings

The terminal must be set in testmode (Operation=ON) to activate the disturbance report settings. The user can select how the disturbances are indicated on the local HMI during the test. The user can for example select if the disturbance summary should be stored, scrolled on the local HMI or if LED information should be stored. Scroll to the disturbance report settings which are located in the local HMI under:
105
Preparing for test
Test/TestMode/DisturbReport
Table 22:
Operation
Disturbance report settings

DisturbSummary Then the results are...
Off
Off
Disturbances are not stored. LED information is not displayed on the HMI and not stored. No disturbance summary is scrolled on the HMI. Disturbances are not stored. LED information (yellow - start, red - trip) are displayed on the local HMI but not stored in the terminal. Disturbance summary is scrolled automatically on the local HMI for the two latest recorded disturbances, until cleared. The information is not stored in the terminal. The disturbance report works as in normal mode. Disturbances are stored. Data can be read from the local HMI, a front-connected PC, or SMS.- LED information (yellow - start, red - trip) is stored. The disturbance summary is scrolled automatically on the local HMI for the two latest recorded disturbances, until cleared. All disturbance data that is stored during test mode remains in the terminal when changing back to normal mode.
Off
On
On
On or Off
2.8
Identifying the function to test in the technical reference manual

The user can use the technical reference manual (TRM) to identify function blocks, logic diagrams, input and output signals, setting parameters and technical data.
106
Autorecloser (AR)
Autorecloser (AR)
The test can be divided into to parts; one to verify the internal logic and one to verify the co-operation with the protection system. This section deals with the first test. Prepare the terminal for verification of settings as outlined in section 2 "Preparing for test" in this chapter. The test is performed together with protection and trip functions. Figure 28 illustrates a recommended testing scenario, where the circuit breaker is simulated by an external bistable relay (BR), for example an RXMVB2 or an RXMVD. The following switches are needed: Switch close (SC) Switch trip (ST) Switch ready (SRY).
SC and ST can be push-buttons with spring return. If no bistable relay is available, replace it with two self-reset auxiliary relays and use self-holding connection. Use a secondary injection relay test set to operate the protection function. It is possible to use the BR to control the injected analogue quantities so that the fault only appears when the BR is picked upsimulating a closed breaker position. To make the arrangement more elaborate, include the simulation of the operation gear condition, AR01-CBREADY, for the sequences Close-Open (CO) and Open-Close-Open (OCO). The AR01-CBREADY condition at the CO sequence type is usually low for a recharging time of 5-10 s after a closing operation. Then it is high. The example in figure 28 shows that it is simulated with SRY, a manual switch.
107
Autorecloser (AR)
Terminal AR01 - CLOSE CB BR SC Trip
ST
AR01 - CB CLOSE SRY
AR01 - CB READY
To test set
en02000446.vsd
Figure 28:
Simulating breaker operation with two auxiliary relays.
3.1
Preparing
1. Check the settings of the autorecloser (AR) function.
The operation can be set at Stand-by (Off) in HMI tree: Settings/Functions/Group n/AutoRecloser/AutoRecloser n If any timer setting is changed so as to speed-up or facilitate the testing, they must be set to normal after the testing. A verification test has to be done afterwards.
2. 3. Check that the functional input signal SYNC is set to TRUE if the internal or external synchrocheck is not used. Read and note the reclosing operate counters from the HMI tree:
108
Autorecloser (AR)
ServiceReport/Functions/AutoRecloser/AutoRecloser n/Counters
4. 5. Do the testing arrangements outlined above, for example, as in figure 28. The AR01-CBCLOSED breaker position, the commands Trip and Closing, AR01-CLOSECB, and other signals should preferably be arranged for event recording provided with time measurements.
Otherwise, a separate timer or recorder can be used to check the AR open time and other timers.
3.2
Checking the AR functionality

1. Ensure that the voltage inputs to Synchro-check, when applied, give accepted conditions at open breaker (BR).
They can, for example, be Live busbar and Dead line.

2. 3. 4. 5. Set the operation at On. Make a BR pickup by a closing pulse, the SC-pulse. Close SRY, Breaker ready and leave it closed. Inject AC quantities to give a trip and start AR in phase L1.
Observe or record the BR operation. The BR relay should trip and reclose. After the closing operation, the SRY switch could be opened for about 5 s and then closed. The AR open time and the operating sequence should be checked, for example, in the event recording. Check the operate indications and the operate counters. Should the operation not be as expected, the reason must be investigated. It could be due to an AR Off state or wrong program selection, or not accepted synchro-check conditions.
6. Repeat procedure 5 for phase L2 and L3, two-phase and three-phase trips, transient, and permanent fault.
The signal sequence diagrams in the Technical reference manual can be of guidance for the checking.
3.3
Checking the reclosing condition

The number of cases can be varied according to the application. Examples of selection cases are:
109
Autorecloser (AR)
3.3.1
Checking the Inhibit signal
1. 2. 3.
Check that the function is operative and that the breaker conditions are okay. Apply an AR01-INHIBIT input signal and start the reclosing function. Check that there is no reclosing.
3.3.2
Checking the closing onto a fault
1. 2. 3.
Set the breaker simulating relay, BR, in position open. Then close it with the SC switch and start the AR within one second. Check that there is no reclosing.
3.3.3
Checking the breaker not ready
1. 2. 3.
Close the BR breaker relay and see that everything except for AR01-CBREADY is in normal condition (SRY is open). Start the AR function. Check that there is no reclosing.
3.3.4
Checking the synchro-check condition (for three-phase reclosing cycle)
1. 2. 3.
Check the function at non-acceptable voltage conditions. Wait for the time out, >5 s. Check that there is no reclosing.
3.3.5
Checking the operation Stand-by and Off
1. 2.
Check that no reclosing can occur with the function in Off state. Check the operation in stand-by mode.
Depending on the program selection and the selected fault types that start and inhibit reclosing, a check of no unwanted reclosing can be made. For example, if only single-phase reclosing is selected, a test can verify that there is no reclosing after two-phase and three-phase trips.
110
Autorecloser (AR)
3.4
Testing the multi-breaker arrangement

If a multi-breaker arrangement is used for the application and priorities are given for the master (high) and slave (low) terminals, test that correct operation takes place and that correct signals are issued. The signals WFMASTER, UNSUC, WAIT and INHIBIT should be involved.
3.5
Completing the test

After the test, restore the equipment to normal or desired state. Especially check these items:
1.
Check and record the counter contents (Reset if it is the users preference).
The counters menu is located in the local HMI under: ServiceReport/Functions/AutoRecloser/AutoRecloser n/Counters/Clear Counters
2. 3. 4. Reset the setting parameters as required. Disconnect the test switch or disconnected links of connection terminals. Reset indications and events.
The ClearDistRep menu is located in the local HMI under: DisturbReport/ClearDistRep Continue to test another function or complete the test by setting the test mode to off. Restore connections and settings to the original values, if they were changed for testing purpose.
111
Breaker failure protection (BFP)

Prepare the terminal for verification of settings as outlined in section 2 "Preparing for test" in this chapter. Consider to release used start criteria. The trip is a pulse with a length of 150 ms. Fault condition: the current in a phase must exceed the set IP> as latest within the set t1 time after the START/STLN input is activated. To verify the settings the following fault type should be tested: One for a phase-to-earth fault
The breaker-failure protection should be tested in co-operation with some other functions, and in particular with the protection and trip functions or via external start.
4.1
Verifying the settings

Procedure
1. 2. 3. Apply the fault condition with a current below set IP>. Repeat the fault condition and increase the current in step until trip appears. Compare the result with the set IP>.
Note: If no I> check is set only back-up trip operate at set IP>.
4.2
Verifying the retrip setting

Choose one of the test cases in 4.2 "Verifying the retrip setting" according to valid setting.
4.2.1
Checking the retrip function with retrip set to off Procedure

1. 2. 3. Set RetripType = Retrip Off. Apply the fault condition with current over the set value. Verify that retrip in phase L1 is not achieved.
4.2.2
Checking the retrip function with current check Procedure

1. 2. 3. Set RetripType = I> check. Apply the fault condition with current over the set value. Verify that retrip is achieved after t1 that back-up trip is achieved after t2.
112
4.2.3
Checking the retrip function without current check Procedure

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Set RetripType = No I> check. Apply the fault condition with current below the set value. Verify that retrip is achieved after t1. Apply the fault condition with current over the set value. Verify that back-up trip is achieved after t2.
4.3
Completing the test

Continue to test another function or complete the test by setting the test mode to off. Restore connections and settings to the original values, if they were changed for testing purpose.
113
Broken conductor check (BRC)
Broken conductor check (BRC)

Prepare the terminal for verification of settings as outlined in section 2 "Preparing for test" in this chapter.
5.1
Measuring the operate and time limit of set values

Procedure
1. Check that the input logical signal BRC-BLOCK is logical zero and note on the local HMI that the BRC-TRIP logical signal is equal to the logical 0.
Values of the logical signals belonging to the broken conductor check function are available under menu tree: ServiceReport/Functions/BrokenConduct/FuncOutputs
2. Quickly set the measured current (fault current) in one phase to about 110% of the setting (IP>) operating current, and switch off the current with the switch.
Observe the maximum permitted overloading of the current circuits in the terminal.
3. Switch on the fault current and measure the operating time of the BRC protection.
Use the BRC--TRIP signal from the configured binary output to stop the timer.
4. 5. 6. Compare the measured time with the set value t. Activate the BRC--BLOCK binary input. Switch on the fault current (110% of the setting) and wait longer than the set value t.
No BRC--TRIP signal should appear.

7. 8. Switch off the fault current. Quickly set the measured current (fault current) in same phase to about 90% of the setting operating current, and switch off the current with the switch. Switch on the fault current and wait longer than the set value t.
9.
No BRC--TRIP signal should appear.

10. Switch off the fault current. 11. Continue to test another function or complete the test by setting the test mode to off.
114
Communication channel test logic (CCHT)
Communication channel test logic (CCHT)

6.1
Testing the logic

1. 2. 3. Set all the timers according to the recommendations. Activate the CCHT--CR binary input. Measure the CCHT--CS binary output.
A pulse should appear tCS.

4. Activate the CCHT--START and wait longer than tWait.
The CCHT--ALARM should appear.

5. 6. Activate the CCHT--RESET to reset the alarm. When the communication channel is connected, activate the CCHT--START and wait for the signal to come back.
The CCHT--CHOK should appear.

7. Continue to test another function or complete the test by setting the test mode to off.
115
Current circuit supervision (CTSU)
Current circuit supervision (CTSU)

Prepare the terminal for verification of settings as outlined in section 2 "Preparing for test" in this chapter. The current circuit supervision function is conveniently tested with the same 3-phase test set as used when testing the measuring functions in the REx 5xx. Procedure
1. 2. Check the input circuits and the operate value of the IMinOp current level detector by injecting current, one phase at a time. Check the phase current blocking function for all three phases by injecting current, one phase at a time.
The output signals shall reset with a delay of 1 s when the current exceeds 1.5I1b.
3. 4. 5. Inject a current 0.90I1b to phase L1 and a current 0.15I1b to the reference current input (I5). Decrease slowly the current to the reference current input and check that blocking is obtained when the current is about 0.10I1b. Continue to test another function or complete the test by setting the test mode to off.
116
Time delayed residual overcurrent protection (TEF)

Prepare the terminal for verification of settings as outlined in section 2 "Preparing for test" in this chapter. Normally, the test of the earth-fault overcurrent protection is made in conjunction with the testing of the distance protection functions, using the same multiphase test-set. Observe that the polarising voltage is equal to -3Uo.
8.1
Checking the operate values of the current measuring elements

Procedure
1. Set the logical input signals to logical 0 and note on the local HMI that the TEF--TRIP and the TEF--TRSOTF signal is not activated (= logical 0).
Values of the logical signals belonging to the time delayed residual overcurrent protection are available under menu tree: ServiceReport/Functions/EarthFault/TimeDelayEF
2. 3. Set the polarising voltage to 2% of Ub and the phase angle between voltage and current to 65, the current lagging the voltage. Check that the operate current of the forward directional element is equal to the IN> Dir setting.
The IN> Dir function activates the TEF--STFW output.

4. 5. Check with angles = 20 and 110 that the measuring element operates when 3I0 cos (65 - ) >= IN> Dir. Reverse the polarising voltage ( = 180 + 65 = 245) and check that the operate current of the reverse directional element is 0.6 IN> Dir.
The function activates the TEF--STRV output.
117
65
Upol = -3U0
IN Operation
IN>Dir
99000052.vsd
Figure 29:
6. 7. 8.
Measuring characteristic of the directional element.
To activate the directional function, set Direction = Directional. Set the polarising voltage to 2% of Ub and the phase angle between voltage and current to 65. Check the operate current of the IMin function.
The function activates the TEF--START output.

9. When independent time delay (definite) is selected, check the operate time of the t1 timer by injecting a current two times the set IMin operate value.
When inverse time delay is selected, check the operate time at three points of the inverse characteristic. The formulas for operate time for different types of inverse time delay curves are shown in table 23.
118
Table 23:
Characteristics
Operate time formulas

Operate time (s)
Normal inverse
0.14 t = ------------------- k 0.02 1 I

13.5 t = ---- k ------I1
(Equation 1)
Very inverse
(Equation 2)
Extremely inverse
80 t = ------------- k 2 I 1
t = 5.8 ( 1.35 ln I )
(Equation 3)
Logarithmic inverse
(Equation 4)
Where: I k is a multiple of set current 3I0> is a time multiplying factor, settable in the range of 0.05 to 1.10
Also check the tMin (minimum operate time) and IMin (minimum operate current) functions.
10. Activate the TEF--BC input to check the function of the switch-onto-fault logic. 11. Check that the TEF--TRSOTF output is activated with a 300 ms time delay when injecting a current two times the set IMin operate value in forward direction. 12. Set the phase angle of the polarising voltage to =245 and check that the directional current function and the switch-onto-fault logic gives no operation when the current is in the reverse direction. 13. Connect the rated DC voltage to the TEF--BLOCK configured binary input and switch on the fault current.
No TEF--TRIP nor TEF--START signal should appear.

14. Switch off the fault current. 15. Connect the rated DC voltage to the TEF--BLKTR configured binary input and switch on the fault current.
No TEF--TRIP nor TEF--TRSOTF should appear. But the output TEF--START shall be activated.
119
Disturbance recorder (DR)
Disturbance recorder (DR)

Evaluation of the results from the disturbance recording function requires access to a workstation either permanently connected to the terminal or temporarily connected to the serial port on the front. The CAP tool software package must be installed in the workstation. Disturbance upload can be performed by the use of SMS 510, CAP 540 or by any third party tool with IEC 60870-5-103 protocol. Disturbance files can be analyzed by any tool reading Comtrade formatted disturbance files including REVAL and WinEve. It could be useful to have a printer for hard copies. The behavior of the disturbance recording function can be checked when protective functions of the terminal are tested. When the terminal is set to operate in test mode, there is a separate setting for operation of the disturbance report, which also affects the disturbance recorder. A manual trig can be started any time. This results in a snap-shot of the actual values of all recorded channels.
120
Event counter (CN)
10
Event counter (CN)

The function can be tested by connecting a binary input to the counter under test and from outside apply pulses to the counter. The speed of pulses must not exceed 10 per second. Normally the counter will be tested in connection with tests on the function that the counter is connected to, such as trip logic. When configured, test it together with the function which operates it. Trig the function and check that the counter has followed the number of operations.
121
Event function (EV)
11
Event function (EV)

During testing, the terminal can be set in test mode from the PST. The functionality of the event reporting during test mode is set from the PST as follows: Use event masks Report no events Report all events
In Test Mode, individual event blocks can be blocked from the PST. Individually event blocks can also be blocked from the local HMI under the menu: Test/TestMode/BlockEventFunc
122
Event recorder (ER)
12
Event recorder (ER)

During testing, the event recorder can be switched off if desired. This is found in the SMS or Substation Control System (SCS).
123
Instantaneous non-directional overcurrent protection (IOC)
13
Instantaneous non-directional overcurrent protection (IOC)

Prepare the terminal for verification of settings as outlined in section 2 "Preparing for test" in this chapter. To verify the settings the following fault type should be tested: One for a phase-to-earth fault
Ensure that the maximum continuous current of the terminal does not exceed four times its rated value.
13.1
13.1.1
Measuring the operate limit of set values

Phase overcurrent protection Procedure
1. 2. 3. Inject a phase current in the terminal with start below the setting value. Increase the injected current in the Ln phase until the IOC--TRLn (n=1-3) signal appears. Switch off the fault current.
4. Compare the measured operating current with the set value.
13.1.2
Residual overcurrent protection (non-dir.) Procedure

1. 2. 3. Inject a phase current in the terminal with start below the setting value. Increase the injected current in the Ln phase until the IOC--TRN signal appears. Switch off the fault current.
4. Compare the measured operating current with the set value.
13.2
Completing the test

Continue to test another function or complete the test by setting the test mode to off.
124
Line differential protection, phase segregated (DIFL)
14

When testing the differential protection it is important to be aware of that actions taken locally may cause operation of the terminal in the remote end. At commissioning and after changes in the current circuits, the trip signals at both terminals must be blocked permanently before the dc supply is connected. This precaution is taken to avoid unwanted local and remote trip in case of error in the current circuits. The blocking can not be done by the COMBITEST test switch. It has to be made on the station side of the test switch because the test switch disconnects the current inputs to the terminal and thus causes current unbalance in the differential circuit. This will cause the remote end terminal to trip if not blocked. The blocking of the trip signal must be maintained, until the test has been performed at both terminals. Any work in any of the terminals, such as injecting current or to short-circuit the current during load transfer on the line, will result in a local and REMOTE end trip. When the current balance is disturbed by any action, the protections at both line ends must be blocked. Before performing any work in the current circuit to the line differential protection, the TestMode must be activated and saved. The protection will not enter into test mode without saving the command. When the protection is equipped with a COMBITEST test switch, inserting the test handle will automatically force the protection into test mode. This function is also achieved by activating the Test digital input. The test mode command must be saved to be activated. It is sufficient if one of the terminals is set in test mode. The trip function is blocked automatically at both line ends, when one of the protection terminals is in test mode. Thus the protection can be tested without any manual actions in the remote station. Testing can be performed only when the terminals communicate with each other and if one and one only of the terminals is in test mode. To activate the local trip relays during the test for operating time measurement, the blocking of the trip is overridden in the terminal in test mode by the command Local trip. For a complete test of the protection, the tests must be repeated at both terminals.
125
When one of the protections is in test mode, the opposite terminal mode of operation is changed. In the opposite terminal, the received current values (a and b Fourier coefficients) are echoed back to the other terminal, but transposed in the following way: the received value for the L1 phase is returned as the L2 current, L2 is returned as L3, and L3 as L1.
Note!
When a current is injected into phase L1 in the terminal, it will appear as an IDiff in phase L1 and L2 with 50% of the value as an IBias and in phase L3 with 25% of the value as an IBias. When the current is sufficiently high, the protection will operate in phase L1 and L2 in the terminal in test mode, but it will not operate in the remote terminal. For the actual reading of IDiff and IBias, see step 6 in the test procedure. Also see figure 30 and equations 5, 6 and 7.
Figure 30:
Stabilisation characteristic
I Diff = I Local + IRemote

(Equation 5)
126
ILocal + IRemote I Bias = -----------------------------------------2

(Equation 6)
( I Bias ) Evaluate = Max { [ ( I Bias ) Own phase ] OR [ 0.5 ( I Bias ) Other phases ] }
(Equation 7)
The test is performed by injecting a single and a symmetrical three-phase current. If the optional charging current compensation function is included, the CCComp shall be Off and no measuring voltage connected to the terminal.
14.1
Testing the line differential protection

Procedure
1. Block the trip signal.
The blocking can not be done by the COMBITEST test switch. It has to be made on the station side of the test switch.
2. Set the protection in test mode from the HMI unit.
The TestMode is found in the menu under: Test/TestMode/Operation The TestMode command must be saved in order to be activated. When the protection is equipped with COMBITEST test switch, the test mode is automatically activated but not saved when the test handle is inserted.
3. 4. Prepare the terminal for verification of settings as outlined in section Prepare for test in this chapter. Set the Disturbance report to Off.
This command is found in the menu under: Test/TestMode/DisturbReport

5. Activate the trip by setting Release local.
This command is found in the menu under: Test/TestMode/Differential This command must be saved in order to be activated. Observe that the command ReleaseLocal will allow the trip outputs to be activated during the tests.
127
6.
Inject a current in L1 and increase the current until operation in phase L1 and L2 takes place.
The injected operation value must correspond to the set IMinOp IrCTFactor. This value is to be read as IDiffL1 and IDiffL2, and 50% of IDiffL1 as IBiasL1 and IBiasL2. The IDiffL3 should be zero and IBiasL3 25% of IDiffL1. These values are read on the HMI under: Service Report/Functions/Differential/Diff Values
7. Repeat step 6 for phase L2 and L3.
The result shall be transposed one, respectively two steps.

8. Inject a symmetrical three-phase current, and increase the current until operation is achieved in all three phases.
The IMinOpIrCTFactor value shall be obtained for operation and read for IDiff in all three phases. 100% of IDiff shall be read for IBias in all three phases.
9. Read the transmission delay on the HMI.
This command is found in the menu under: Service value/Functions/Differential/DiffCom/ComInfo This delay is not allowed to exceed 30ms (changed from 24 ms to 30 ms in software revision 2p5 r03). The displayed value is 2x15 ms i.e. transmission time from line end A to B + B to A.
10. Measure the operating time by injection of a single-phase current in phase L1.
The injected current should be 4 times the operating current. The time measurement is stopped by the trip output from the protection. The operating time should be 28-33 ms + 2 times the communication transmission delay.
11. Disconnect the test equipment and reconnect the current transformer. 12. Read and check the service values of the three-phase current. 13. When the current transformers are connected, put the protection in operation by switching off the test mode.
After the test mode is set to Off, the command must be saved to activate the protection. The yellow LED shall stop flashing.
128
14. With a through load current of minimum 20% of the Ir CTFactor, the IDiff and IBias are read in all phases.
The IDiff should be lower than 10% of the actual secondary current divided by the CTFactor, the IBias should be equal to this current. This measurement is necessary at commissioning to guarantee that there is no phase shift between the terminals.
15. Remove the external blocking of the trip signal when this test has been successfully performed. 16. A complete commissioning or maintenance test requires that the test is repeated at both terminals. 17. When the direct transfer trip is used, this function has to be tested by activating its input, to check that trip is achieved at the remote terminal. During this test, the trip circuit has to be blocked.
14.2
Testing the charging current compensation

Procedure
1. When the tests of the differential function have been performed, set the CCComp = On and check that the settings for XC1, XC0 and IMinOpComp are correct. Check that all currents are disconnected from the terminal and connect symmetrical three-phase voltages to the corresponding voltage input. Increase the three-phase voltage to its rated value.
2.
3.
Read the values of the differential and bias currents under the menu: ServiceReport/DiffValues They must correspond to the value:
U IDiffL1 = IDiffL2 = IDiffL3 = ------------------------------------------XC1 CTFactor

(Equation 8)
IDiff = IBias U
for each phase. Represents measured phase voltage.
The bias currents are available under the same menu. They must be equal to the measured differential current in each phase.
129
4. 5.
Disconnect the voltages from the terminal and connect only one phase to all three voltage inputs of the terminal. Increase the measured voltage to the rated phase value and observe the values of the differential and bias currents, presented on the terminal.
They must correspond to the following values:

2U IDiffL1 = IDiffL2 = IDiffL3 = ------------------------------------------XC0 CTFactor
(Equation 9)
U IBiasL1 = IBiasL2 = IBiasL3 = ------------------------------------------XC0 CTFactor

(Equation 10)
6.
With the terminal in normal operation, not in Test mode, and with the line energised, the IDiffL1, IDiffL2 and IDiffL3 are measured under the service report menu with CCComp temporary set to Off at both terminals. Thereafter measure the values with the CCComp set to On.
Note! Setting CCComp to Off might cause the terminal to trip. Therefore make sure that the trip outputs are blocked.
7. Check the charging current compensation by comparing the measured IDiffLx values.
The measured IDiffLx shall be near zero in each separate phase with the CCC used.
8. Remove the external blocking of the trip signal when this test has been successfully performed.
14.3
Completing the test

130
Supervision of AC input quantities (DA)
15
Supervision of AC input quantities (DA)

Stabilized ac current and voltage generators and corresponding current, voltage, power and frequency meters with very high accuracy are necessary for testing the alternating quantity measuring function. The operating ranges of the generators must correspond to the rated alternate current and voltage of each terminal. Prepare the terminal for verification of settings as outlined in section Preparing for test in this chapter. Connect the generators and instruments to the corresponding input terminals of a unit under test.
15.1

Procedure
1. Supply the terminal with voltages and currents.
Check that the values presented on the HMI unit correspond to the magnitude of input measured quantities within the limits of declared accuracy. The mean service values are available under the submenu: Service Report/ServiceValues The phasors of up to five input currents and voltages are available under the submenu: Service Report/Phasors/Primary
2. Check the operation of ADBS or IDBS when applicable. Compare with the expected values.
The operation of ADBS or IDBS function can be checked separately with the RepInt = 0 setting. The value on the HMI follows the changes in the input measuring quantity continuously.
3. Check the set operate levels of the monitoring function by changing the magnitude of input quantities and observing the operation of the corresponding output relays.
The output contact changes its state when the changes in the input measuring quantity are higher than the set values HIWARN, HIALARM, or lower than the set values LOWWARN, LOWALARM.
15.2
Completing the test

131
Supervision of mA input quantities (MI)
16

A stabilized direct current generator and mA meter with very high accuracy for measurement of direct current is needed in order to test the dc measuring module. The generator operating range and the measuring range of the mA meter must be at least between -25 and 25 mA. Prepare the terminal for verification of settings as outlined in section 2 "Preparing for test" in this chapter. Connect the current generator and mA meter to the direct current input channels to be tested.
16.1

Procedure
1. 2. Consider the need to block output signals. Check that the values presented on the HMI module corresponds to the magnitude of input direct current within the limits of declared accuracy.
The service value is available under the submenu: Service Report/I/O/Slotnm-MIMx/MIxy-Value
where:
nm x y
represents the serial number of a slot with tested mA input module represents the serial number of a mA input module in a terminal represents the serial number of a measuring channel on module x.
3.
Check the operation of ADBS or IDBS function when applicable. Compare with the expected values.
The operation of ADBS or IDBS function can be checked separately with the setting of RepInt = 0. The value on the HMI must change only when the changes in input current (compared to the present value) are higher than the set value for the selected dead band.
4. Check the operating monitoring levels by changing the magnitude of input current and observing the operation of the corresponding output relays.
The output contact changes its state when the changes in the input measuring quantity are higher than the set values RMAXAL, HIWARN, HIALARM, or lower than the set values LOWWARN, LOWALARM, RMINAL.
132
16.2
Completing the test

133
Multiple command (CM)
17
Multiple command (CM)

Test of the multiple command function block is recommended to be performed in a system, that is, either in a complete delivery system as an acceptance test (FAT/SAT) or as parts of that system, because the command function blocks are connected in a delivery-specific way between bays and the station level. Command function blocks included in the operation of different built-in functions must be tested at the same time as their corresponding functions.
134
Overload supervision (OVLD)
18

18.1

Procedure
1. Check that the input logical signals OVLD-BLOCK is logical zero and note on the local HMI that the OVLD-TRIP logical signal is equal to the logical 0.
Logical signals for overload supervision protection are available under menu tree: ServiceReport/Functions/OverLoad/FuncOutputs
2. Quickly set the measured current (fault current) in all three phases to about 110% of the setting operating current, and switch off the current with the switch.
3. Switch on the fault current and measure the operating time of the OVLD protection.
Use the OVLD-TRIP signal from the configured binary output to stop the timer.
4. 5. 6. Compare the measured time with the set value t. Activate the OVLD-BLOCK binary input. Switch on the fault current (110% of setting) and wait longer than the set value t.
No OVLD-TRIP signal should appear.

7. 8. 9. Switch off the fault current. Reset the OVLD-BLOCK binary input. Quickly set the measured current (fault current) in all three phases to about 90% of the measured operating current, and switch off the current with the switch.
10. Switch on the fault current and wait longer than the set value t.
No OVLD--TRIP signal should appear.

11. Switch off the fault current.
135
136
Pole discordance protection (PD)
19
Pole discordance protection (PD)

Prepare the terminal for verification of settings as outlined in section 2 "Preparing for test" in this chapter. Procedure
1. Activate the PD---POLDISC binary input, and measure the operating time of the PD protection.
Use the PD---TRIP signal from the configured binary output to stop the timer.
2. 3. 4. Compare the measured time with the set value t. Reset the PD---POLDISC binary input. Activate the PD---1POPEN binary input.
(This test should be performed together with AR).

5. Activate the PD---POLDISC binary input.
No PD---TRIP signal should appear.

6. 7. 8. Reset both PD---1POPEN and PD---POLDISC binary inputs. Activate the PD---BLOCK binary input. Activate the PD---POLDISC binary input.
No PD---TRIP signal should appear.

9. Reset both PD---BLOCK and PD---POLDISC binary inputs.
137
Pulse counter logic for metering (PC)
20
Pulse counter logic for metering (PC)

The test of the pulse counter function requires at least the PST Parameter Setting Tool or SPA (or LON) connection to a station HMI including corresponding functionality. A known number of pulses are with different frequency connected to the pulse counter input. The test should be performed for the settings operation = Off/On and for blocked/deblocked function. The pulse counter value is then read by the PST or station HMI.
138
Setting lockout (HMI)
21
21.1
Setting lockout (HMI)

1. Configure the HMI--BLOCKSET functional input to the binary input, which is determined by the engineering or the input that is not used by any other function. Set the setting restriction to SettingRestrict = Block. Connect rated DC voltage to the selected binary input. Try to change the setting of any parameter for one of the functions.
2. 3. 4.
Reading of the values must be possible. The terminal must not respond to any attempt to change the setting value or configuration.
5. 6. Disconnect the control DC voltage from the selected binary input. Repeat the attempt under step 4.
The terminal must accept the changed setting value or configuration.

7. Depending on the requested design for a complete REx 5xx terminal, leave the function active or reconfigure the function into the default configuration and set the setting restriction function out of operation to SettingRestrict = Open.
21.2
Completing the test

139
Four parameter setting groups (GRP)
22
22.1
Four parameter setting groups (GRP)

1. 2. Check the configuration of binary inputs that control the selection of active setting group. Browse the ActiveGroup menu to achieve information about the active setting group.
The ActiveGroup menu is located in the local HMI under: ServiceReport/ActiveGroup

3. Connect the appropriate dc voltage to the corresponding binary input of the terminal and observe the information presented on the HMI display.
The displayed information must always correspond to the activated input.

4. 5. Check that corresponding output indicates the active group. Continue to test another function or complete the test by setting the test mode to off.
140
Single command (CD)
23
Single command (CD)

For the single command function block, it is necessary to configure the output signal to corresponding binary output of the terminal. The operation of the function is then checked from the local HMI by applying the commands with the MODE Off, Steady, or Pulse and by observing the logic statuses of the corresponding binary output. Command control functions included in the operation of different built-in functions must be tested at the same time as their corresponding functions.
141
Thermal phase overload protection (THOL)
24

Prepare the terminal for verification of settings as outlined in section 2 "Preparing for test" in this chapter. Check that the input logical signal THOL-BLOCK is logical zero and note on the local HMI that the logical signal THOL-TRIP, THOL-START and THOL-ALARM are equal to the logical 0. Logical signals for thermal overload protection are available under menu tree: ServiceReport/Functions/ThermOverLoad/FuncOutputs
24.1
24.1.1

Testing the protection without external temperature compensation (NonComp) Procedure
1. Quickly set the measured current (fault current) in one phase to about 300% of I1b (to minimise the trip time), and switch off the current. Reset the thermal memory under menu tree:
2.
Test/ThermReset
3. Switch on the fault current and read the presented temperature:
ServiceReport/Functions/ThermOverload/ThermOverload/T Line
4. Check the Alarm limit (TAlarm) during injection.
Measure the signal THOL-ALARM until it appears on the corresponding binary output or on the local HMI unit.
5. 6. Compare the measured temperature with the setting. Measure the trip time of the THOL protection.
Use the THOL-TRIP signal from the configured binary output to stop the timer.
7. Take the T Line readings.
Compare with the setting of TTrip.

8. Activate the THOL-BLOCK binary input.
The signals THOL-ALARM, THOL-START and THOL-TRIP should disappear.

9. Reset the THOL-BLOCK binary input.
142
10. Check the reset limit (TdReset).
Measure the signal THOL-START until it disappears on the corresponding binary output or on the local HMI unit, take the T Line readings and compare with the setting of TdReset.
11. Compare the measured trip time with the setting according to the formula. 12. Reset the thermal memory. 13. Continue to test another function or complete the test by setting the test mode to off.
143
Definite time non-directional overcurrent protection (TOC)
25

Prepare the terminal for verification of settings as outlined in section 2 "Preparing for test" in this chapter. To verify the settings the following fault type should be tested: One for a phase-to-earth fault
Ensure that the maximum continuous current of the terminal does not exceed four times its rated value.
25.1
25.1.1

Time delayed phase overcurrent Procedure
1. 2. 3. Inject a phase current in the terminal with start below the setting value. Increase the injected current (measured current) in the Ln phase until the starting signal TOC--STLn (n=1-3) appears. Switch off the fault current.
4. 5. 6. 7. Compare the measured operating current with the set value IP>. Set the fault current to about 1.5 times the measured operating current. Switch on the fault current and measure the operating time of the TOC protection. Use the TOC--TRP signal. Compare the measured time with the set value tP.
25.1.2
Time delayed residual overcurrent (non-dir.) Procedure

1. 2. 3. Inject a phase current in the terminal with start below the setting value. Increase the injected residual current (measured current) in the Ln phase until the starting signal TOC--STN appears. Switch off the fault current.
144
4. 5. 6. 7.
Compare the measured operating current with the set value IN>. Set the fault current to about 1.5 times the measured operating current. Switch on the fault current and measure the operating time of the TOC protection. Use the TOC--TRN signal. Compare the measured time with the set value tN.
25.2
Completing the test

145
Tripping logic (TR)
26
Tripping logic (TR)

Prepare the terminal for verification of settings as outlined in section 2 "Preparing for test" in this chapter. The function is tested functionally together with other protection functions (distance protection ZMn--, line differential protection DIFL-, earth-fault overcurrent protection IOC-- or TOC--, etc.) within the REx 5xx terminals. It is recommended to test the function together with the autoreclosing function, when built into the terminal or when a separate external unit is used for the reclosing purposes.
26.1
3ph operating mode

The function must issue a three-phase trip in all cases, when trip is initiated by any protection or some other built-in or external function. The following functional output signals must always appear simultaneously: TRIP-TRIP, TRIP-TRL1, TRIP-TRL2, TRIP-TRL3 and TRIP-TR3P.
26.2
1ph/3ph operating mode

The following tests should be carried out in addition to some other tests, which depends on the complete configuration of a terminal: Procedure
1. Initiate one-by one different single-phase-to-earth faults.
Consider sufficient time interval between the faults, to overcome a reclaim time of eventually activated autoreclosing function. Only a single-phase trip should occur for each separate fault and only one of the trip outputs (TRIP-TRLn) should be activated at a time. Functional outputs TRIP-TRIP and TRIP-TR1P should be active at each fault. No other outputs should be active.
2. Initiate different phase-to-phase and three-phase faults.
Consider sufficient time interval between the faults, to overcome a reclaim time of eventually activated autoreclosing function. Only a three-phase trip should occur for each separate fault and all of the trip outputs (TRIP-TRLn) should be activated at a time. Functional outputs TRIP-TRIP and TRIP-TR3P should be active at each fault. No other outputs should be active.
3. Initiate a single-phase-to-earth fault and switch it off immediately when the trip signal is issued for the corresponding phase. Initiate the same fault once again within the reclaim time of the used autoreclosing function.
A three-phase trip must be initiated for the second fault. Check that the corresponding trip signals appear after both faults.
146
Tripping logic (TR)
If not the autoreclosing function is used the functional outputs TRIP-TRIP, TRIP-TR1P and the corresponding phase signal (TRIP-TRLn) should be active at each fault.
4. Initiate a single-phase-to-earth fault and switch it off immediately when the trip signal is issued for the corresponding phase. Initiate the second single-phase-to-earth fault in one of the remaining phases within the time interval, shorter than two seconds and shorter than the dead-time of the autoreclosing function, when included in protection scheme.
Check that the second trip is a three-phase trip.
26.3
1ph/2ph/3ph operating mode

The following tests should be carried out in addition to some other tests, which depends on the complete configuration of a terminal: Procedure
1. Initiate one-by one different single-phase-to-earth faults.
Consider sufficient time interval between the faults, to overcome a reclaim time of eventually activated autoreclosing function. Only a single-phase trip should occur for each separate fault and only one of the trip outputs (TRIP-TRLn) should be activated at a time. Functional outputs TRIP-TRIP and TRIP-TR1P should be active at each fault. No other outputs should be active.
2. Initiate one-by one different phase-to-phase faults.
Consider sufficient time interval between the faults, to overcome a reclaim time of eventually activated autoreclosing function. Only a two-phase trip should occur for each separate fault and only corresponding two trip outputs (TRIP-TRLn) should be activated at a time. Functional outputs TRIP-TRIP and TRIP-TR2P should be active at each fault. No other outputs should be active.
3. Initiate a three-phase fault.
Consider sufficient time interval between the faults, to overcome a reclaim time of eventually activated autoreclosing function. Only a three-phase trip should occur for the fault and all trip outputs (TRIP-TRLn) should be activated at the same time. Functional outputs TRIP-TRIP and TRIP-TR3P should be active at each fault. No other outputs should be active.
4. Initiate a single-phase-to-earth fault and switch it off immediately when the trip signal is issued for the corresponding phase. Initiate the same fault once again within the reclaim time of the used autoreclosing function.
A three-phase trip must be initiated for the second fault. Check that the corresponding trip signals appear after both faults.
147
Tripping logic (TR)
If not the autoreclosing function is used the functional outputs TRIP-TRIP, TRIP-TR1P and the corresponding phase signal (TRIP-TRLn) should be active at each fault.
5. Initiate a single-phase-to-earth fault and switch it off immediately when the trip signal is issued for the corresponding phase. Initiate the second single-phase-to-earth fault in one of the remaining phases within the time interval, shorter than two seconds and shorter than the dead-time of the autoreclosing function, when included in protection scheme.
Check that the second trip is a single-phase trip in a second initiated phase.
6. Initiate a phase-to-phase fault and switch it off immediately when the trip signal is issued for the corresponding two phases. Initiate another phase-to-phase fault (not between the same phases) within the time, shorter than 2 seconds.
Check, that the output signals, issued for the first fault, correspond to two-phase trip for included phases. The output signals for the second fault must correspond to the three-phase tripping action.
26.4
Completing the test

148
Two step time delayed non-directional phase overcurrent protection (TOC2)
27

Prepare the terminal for test as outlined in section 2 "Preparing for test" in this chapter. Ensure that the maximum continuos current of a terminal does not exceed four times its rated value, if the measurement od the operating characteristics runs under constant voltage conditions. To verify the settings the following fault type should be tested: One for a phase-to-earth fault
27.1
27.1.1
Measuring the operate and time limit for set values

Measuring the operate limit of the low step overcurrent protection Procedure
1. 2. 3. Inject a phase current slightly smaller than the functional value I>Low. Increase the current slowly and check the function value by observing when the signal TOC2-STLS appears. Compare the result of the measurement with the set value.
27.1.2
Measuring the definite time delay of the low set stage Procedure
1. 2. Set a current 1.5 times I>Low on the injection test equipment. Switch the current on and compare the operation time on TOC2-TRLS with the set value tLow.
The operate time shall be tLow+operate time of the low set stage. 27.1.3 Measuring the inverse time delay of the low set stage Procedure
1. Set temporarily tLow = 0.000 s.
If I>Low is set higher than I>Inv, check that there is no trip signal TOC2-TRLS when the current is less than I>Low.
2. Check the time delay at two points of the inverse time curve.
Check with the current I>Low or 2I>Inv (the highest value of these two) and the current that according to the inverse time curve corresponds to tMin.
3. Increase the current 10% and check that the operation time is equal to tMin.
149
4.
Set tLow to the correct value and check with a high current that the operation time is equal to tMin+tLow.
27.1.4
Measuring the operate limit of the high step overcurrent protection
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Set temporarily tHigh=0.000 s. Inject a phase current slightly smaller than the operation value I>High. Increase the current slowly and check the operation value by observing when the signal TOC2-TRHS appears. Compare the result of the measurement with the set value. Set tHigh to the correct value. Set a current 1.5 times I>High on the injection test equipment Switch the current on and compare the operation time with the set value tHigh.
27.2
Completing the test

150
Sudden change in phase current protection (SCC1)
28

28.1
28.1.1

Sudden change in current in any phase The sudden change in current protection algorithm measures the difference in amplitude of the current between two consecutive periods, and compares this difference to a set value. Dependability test Procedure
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Inject a three-phase balanced current, close to the rated secondary current. Measure the current that corresponds to a single phase, with an external device. Activate the SCC1_CR binary input. Make a rapid small positive step-change of the current in the selected phase. Check if the SCC1_START (or SCC1_TRIP) signal appears. Compare the measured change in current with the set value DIL>. Repeat item 4-6, with successively increased step-size, until the SCC1_START (or SCC1_TRIP) signal appears. Repeat item 1-7, with a lower/higher current in item 1. Repeat item 1-8, with a negative step-change in item 4.
28.1.2
10. Repeat item 1-9 for the other two phases.
28.1.3
Time delay test Procedure

1. 2. 3. 4. Inject a three-phase balanced current, close to the rated secondary current. Prepare measurement of the time between the sudden change in current and the appearance of the SCC1_START (SCC1_TRIP) signal. Activate the SCC1_CR binary input. Make a rapid step-change of the current, significantly larger than the set value DIL>, in the selected phase.
151
5. 6. 7.
Measure the time between the change in current and the SCC1_START (SCC1_TRIP) signal. Compare the measured time with the set values tHStart and tHTrip. Repeat item 11-16 for the other two phases.
28.1.4
Completing the test Continue to test another function or complete the test by setting the test mode off.
152
Sudden change in residual current protection (SCRC)
29

29.1
29.1.1

Sudden change in residual current The sudden change in residual current protection algorithm measures the difference in amplitude of the residual current between two consecutive periods, and compares this difference to a set value. Dependability test Procedure
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Inject a three-phase balanced current, close to the rated secondary current, and add a small residual current. Measure the residual current, with an external device. Activate the SCRC_CR binary input. Make a rapid small positive step-change of the residual current. Check if the SCRC_START (or SCRC_TRIP) signal appears. Compare the measured change in residual current with the set value DIN>. Repeat item 4-6, with successively increased step-size, until thRepeat item 1-7, with a lower/higher balanced current in item 1.Repeat item 1-7, with a lower/higher balanced current in item 1. Repeat item 1-8, with a larger residual current in item 1. Repeat item 1-9, with a negative step-change in item 4.
29.1.2
8. 9.
29.1.3

1. 2. Inject a three-phase balanced current, close to the rated secondary current, and add a residual current. Prepare measurement of the time between the sudden change in residual current and the appearance of the SCRC_START (SCRC_TRIP) signal. Activate the SCRC_CR binary input. Make a rapid step-change of the residual current, significantly larger than the set value DIN>.
3. 4.
153
5. 6.
Measure the time between the change in residual current and the SCRC_START (SCRC_TRIP) signal. Compare the measured time with the set values tHStart and tHTrip.
29.1.4
154
Undercurrent protection (UCP)
30
Undercurrent protection (UCP)

30.1
30.1.1 30.1.2

Undercurrent in any phase Dependbility test Procedure
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Inject a three-phase balanced current, close to the rated secondary current. Measure the the current in a single phase, with an external device. Activate the UCP_CR binary input. Slowly reduce the current in the selected phase until the start signal UCP_STHIGH appears Compare the measured current with the set value ILHigh<. Continue to slowly decrease the current in the selected phase until the start signal UCP_STLOW appears. Compare the measured current with the set value ILLow<. Repeat item 1-7 for the other two phases.
30.1.3

1. Inject a three-phase balanced current, close to the rated secondary current. Prepare for a change of the injected current to a value between the set values ILLow< and ILHigh<. Change the level of the injected current and measure the operating time of the UCP function. Use the UCP_TRHIGH signal. Compare this operating time with the set value tHigh. Inject a three-phase balanced current, close to the rated secondary current. Prepare for a change of the injected current to a value well below the set value ILLow. Change the level of the injected current and measure the operating time of the UCP function. Use the UCP_TRLOW signal. Compare this operating time with the set value tLow.
2.
3.
4.
30.1.4
155
Phase overcurrent protection (OCP)
31
Phase overcurrent protection (OCP)

31.1
31.1.1 31.1.2

Overcurrent in any phase Dependability test Procedure
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Inject a small three-phase balanced current. Measure the current in a single phase, with an external decvice. Activate the OCP_CR binary input. Slowly increase the current in the selected phase until the start signal OCP_STLOW appears Compare the measured current with the set value ILLow>. Continue to slowly increase the current in the selected phase until the start signal OCP_STHIGH appears. Compare the measured current with the set value ILHigh>. Repeat item 1-7 for the other two phases.
31.1.3

1. Inject a small three-phase balanced current. Prepare for a change of the injected current to a value between the set values ILLow> and ILHigh>. Change the level of the injected current and measure the operating time of the OCP function. Use the OCP_TRLOW signal. Compare this operating time with the set value tLow. Inject a small three-phase balanced current. Prepare for a change of the injected current to a value well above the set value ILHigh>. Change the level of the injected current and measure the operating time of the OCP function. Use the OCP_TRHIGH signal. Compare this operating time with the set value tHigh.
2.
3. 4.
31.1.4
156
Residual overcurrent protection (ROCP)
32

32.1
32.1.1

Residual overcurrent The residual overcurrent protection algorithm measures the amplitude of the residual current and compares with the set value. Dependability test Procedure
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Inject a three-phase balanced current, close to the rated secondary current, and add a small residual current. Measure the residual current, with an external device. Acivate the ROCP_CR binary input. Slowly increase the residual current until the start signal ROCP_STLOW appears. Compare the measured residual current with the set value INLow>. Continue to slowly increase the residual current until the start signal ROCP_STHIGH appears. Compare the measured residual current with the set value INHigh>. Repeat item 1-7, with a lower/higher balanced current in item 1.
32.1.2
32.1.3

1. 2. 3. Inject a three-phase balanced current, close to the rated secondary current, and add a small residual current Prepare for a change of the injected residual current to a value between the set values INLow> and INHigh>. Change the level of the injected residual current and measure the operating time of the ROCP function. Use the ROCP_TRLOW signal. Compare this operating time with the set value tLow. Inject a three-phase balanced current, close to the rated secondary current, and add a small residual current Prepare for a change of the injected residual current to a value well above the set value INHigh>.
4. 5.
157
6.
Change the level of the injected current and measure the operating time of the ROCP function. Use the ROCP_TRHIGH signal. Compare this operating time with the set value tHigh
32.1.4
158
About this chapter
Chapter 14 Verifying the internal configuration

About this chapter The aim of this chapter is to verify that the internal communications and output signals are according to the specification and normal protection praxis. This means that all included protection functions must be in operation.
159
Overview
Overview
Before start of this process, all individual devices that are involved in the fault clearance process must have been tested as individuals and set in operation. The breaker must be ready for an open-close-open cycle. The shaping of the test process is dependent on the complexity of the design of the switchyard. Hereby follows some items which could be used as guidelines.
160
Testing the interaction of the distance protection

This procedure describes how to test the interaction of the distance protection zone 1 at phase L1-earth fault in forward direction. It is recommended that all other distance protection zones and other protection functions are tested in a similar way. The test must be done without the test switch in order to verify the interaction between the terminal and surrounding equipment. Make sure that all personnel is informed, also in remote station. Procedure
1. 2. 3. 4. Make sure that the protection terminal and fitting breaker(s) to be tested are in service. Connect the test equipment to the terminal. Set the test equipment so that the impedance present to the relay is half the set value. Energise the protection terminal and evaluate the result i.e.
Check that correct trip has been accomplished according to configuration and philosophy. Check that all binary output signals that should be activated have been activated. Check that all other protection functions that should be activated by this type of fault have been activated. Check that no other protection functions that should not be activated have not been activated. Check whenever applicable that the disturbance report, event list and disturbance recorder have been activated and performed correct information.
161
162
About this chapter
Chapter 15 Testing the protection system

About this chapter This chapter describes how to verify the conformity of the protection system without the protected object energised.
163
Overview
Overview
Before start of this process, all individual devices that are involved in the fault clearance process of the protected object must have been tested as individuals and set in operation. The breaker must be ready for an open-close-open cycle. Scheme performance test is the final test that should be carried out before the protected object is taken into service. Due to the complexity in combination with already performed tests, it is not necessary to test all protection functions and all fault types in this process. The most important protection functions in the terminal for single line to earth fault and phase-phase fault could be used for the test. The shaping of the test process is dependent on the complexity of the design of the switchyard. Hereby follows some items which could be used as guidelines.
164

This procedure describes how to test the interaction of distance protection zone 1 at a transient phase L1-L2 fault in forward direction. The test must be done without the test switch in order to verify the interaction between the terminal and surrounding equipment. Make sure that involved personnel is informed also in remote station. This procedure describes how to test the interaction of an overcurrent protection stage at a transient phase L1-L2 fault in forward direction. The test must be done without the test switch in order to verify the interaction between the terminal and surrounding equipment. Make sure that involved personnel is informed also in remote station. Procedure
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Make sure that the protection terminal and related breaker(s) to be tested are in service. Connect the test equipment to the terminal. Set the test equipment so that the impedance present to the relay is half the set value of zone 1. Prepare a transient fault sequence. Simulate the condition for the synchro-check as for live bus and dead line. Energise the protection terminal and evaluate the result i.e.

7.
Check that correct trip has been accomplished according to configuration and philosophy. Check that the autoreclosure have made an reclosing of the protected object. Check that activation of all other external devices have been accomplished according to configuration and protection philosophy. - Check, whenever applicable, that carrier receive signal has arrived at remote end. - Check, whenever applicable, that start of external disturbance recorder has been accomplished. - Check that event and alarm signals has been given etc. Check that no abnormal events have occurred. Notice the AR dead time and do corrections if needed.
Make a new fault case for permanent fault and repeat the steps 1 - 6 above.
Specially note that a permanent trip should occur after the last attempt according to the programming of the AR. It is recommended to repeat the procedure 1 - 6 for a protection function which detects earth-faults i.e. residual overcurrent protection.
165
166
About this chapter
Chapter 16 Fault tracing and repair

About this chapter This chapter describes how to carry out fault tracing and eventually, a change of circuit board.
167
Fault tracing
1
1.1
Fault tracing
Using information on the local HMI
If an internal fault has occurred, the local HMI displays information under: TerminalReport SelfSuperv Under these menus the indications of eventual internal failure (serious fault) or internal warning (minor problem) are listed. Shown as well, are the indications regarding the faulty unit according to table 24.
Table 24: HMI information
Signal name Activates summary signal Description
HMI information
InternFail Intern Warning CPU-modFail CPU-modWarning
INT--FAIL INT--WARNING INT--CPUFAIL INT--CPUWARN INT--FAIL INT--WARNING
Internal fail summary Internal warning summary Main processing module failed Main processing module warning (failure of clock, time synch., fault locator or disturbance recorder) A/D conversion module failed I/O module yy failed Internal clock is reset - Set the clock No time synchronisation
ADC-module Slotnn-XXXyy Real Time Clock Time Sync
INT--ADC INT--IOyy INT--RTC INT--TSYNC
INT--FAIL INT--FAIL INT--WARNING INT--WARNING
Also the internal signals, such as INT--FAIL and INT--WARNING can be connected to binary output contacts for signalling to a control room. In the Terminal Status - Information, the present information from the self-supervision function can be viewed. Indications of failure or warnings for each hardware module are provided, as well as information about the external time synchronisation and the internal clock. All according to table 25. Loss of time synchronisation can be considered as a warning only. The REx 5xx terminal has full functionality without time synchronisation.
168
Fault tracing
1.2
Using front-connected PC or SMS

Self-supervision summary = INT--FAIL and INT--WARNING CPU-module status summary = INT--CPUFAIL and INT--CPUWARN
When an internal fault has occurred, extensive information can be retrieved about the fault from the list of internal events. The list is available in the TERM-STS Terminal Status part of the CAP tool. This time-tagged list has information with the date and time of the last 40 internal events. The internal events in the list do not only refer to faults in the terminal, but also to other activities, such as change of settings, clearing of disturbance reports and loss of external time synchronisation The following events are logged as Internal events:
Table 25: Internal events
Description Set/reset event
Event message
INT--FAILOff INT--FAILOn INT--WARNINGOff INT--WARNINGOn INT--CPUFAILOff INT--CPUFAILOn INT--CPUWARNOff INT--CPUWARNOn INT--ADCOff INT--ADCOn INT--IOnOff INT--IOn On INT--RTC Off INT--RTC On INT--TSYNC Off INT--TSYNC On DREP-MEMUSED On SETTING CHANGED DISTREP CLEARED
Internal fail status
Reset event Set event
Internal warning status
Main processing module fatal error status
Main processing module non-fatal Reset event error status Set event A/D conversion module status Reset event Set event In/Out module No. n status Reset event Set event Real Time Clock (RTC) status Reset event Set event External time synchronisation sta- Reset event tus Set event >80% of the disturbance recording memory used Any settings in terminal changed All disturbances in Disturbance report cleared Set event
The events in the internal event list are time tagged with a resolution of 1 ms. This means that when using the PC for fault tracing, it provides information on the:
169
Fault tracing
Module that should be changed. Sequence of faults, if more than one unit is faulty. Exact time when the fault occurred.
170
Repair instruction
Repair instruction
Warning!
Never disconnect a secondary connection of current transformer circuit without short-circuiting the transformers secondary winding. Operating a current transformer with the secondary winding open will cause a massive potential build-up that may damage the transformer and may cause injuries to humans.
Warning!
Never connect or disconnect a wire and/or a connector to or from a terminal during normal service. Hazardous voltages and currents are present that may be lethal. Operation may be disrupted and terminal and measuring circuitry may be damaged. An alternative is to open the terminal and send only the faulty circuit board to ABB for repair. When a printed circuit board is sent to ABB, it must always be placed in a metallic, ESD-proof, protection bag. The user can also purchase separate modules for replacement.
Note!
Strictly follow the company and country safety regulations.
Caution!
Always use a conductive wrist strap connected to protective earth when replacing modules. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) may damage the module and terminal circuitry. Most electronic components are sensitive to electrostatic discharge and latent damage may occur. Please observe usual procedures for handling electronics and also use an ESD wrist strap. A semi-conducting layer must be placed on the workbench and connected to earth. Disassemble and reassemble the REx 5xx terminal accordingly: 1. Switch off the dc supply. 2. Short-circuit the current transformers and disconnect all current and voltage connections from the terminal. 3. Disconnect all signal wires by removing the female connectors. 4. Disconnect the optical fibres. 5. Unscrew the main back plate of the terminal. 6. If the transformer module is to be changed unscrew the small back plate of the terminal. 7. Pull out the faulty module. 8. Check that the new module has correct identity number.
171
Repair instruction
9. Check that the springs on the card rail have connection to the corresponding metallic area on the circuit board when the new module is inserted. 10. Reassemble the terminal. If the REx 5xx terminal has the optional increased measuring accuracy, a file with unique calibration data for the transformer module is stored in the Main processing module. Therefore it is not possible to change only one of these modules with maintained accuracy.
172
Repair support
Repair support
If a REx 5xx terminal needs to be repaired, the whole terminal must be removed and sent to ABB Logistic Center. Before returning the material, an inquiry must be sent to ABB Logistic Center. e-mail: [email protected]
173
Repair support
174
ABB Power Technologies AB Substation Automation Products SE-721 59 Vsters Sweden Telephone: +46 (0) 21 34 20 00 Facsimile: +46 (0) 21 14 69 18 Internet: www.abb.com/substationautomation Printed on recycled and ecolabelled paper at Elanders Novum
1MRK 506 151-UEN

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Installation and commissioning manual

ProtectIT Line differential protection terminal REL 551*2.5

Installation and commissioning manual

About this manual

Copyright 2006 ABB. All rights reserved.

Unpacking and checking the terminal ........................ 21

Installing the terminal ................................................... 23

Checking the external circuitry .................................... 45

Energising the terminal................................................. 51

Configuring the 56/64 kbit data communication modules .............................................. 57

Setting and configuring the terminal........................... 81

Chapter 10 Requirement of trig condition for disturbance report 89

Chapter 11 Establishing connection and verifying the SPA/IEC-communication .............................................. 91

Chapter 12 Establishing connection and verifying the LON communication ..................................................................... 97

Chapter 13 Verifying settings by secondary injection ................. 99

Chapter 14 Verifying the internal configuration........................... 159

Chapter 15 Testing the protection system ................................... 163

Chapter 16 Fault tracing and repair............................................... 167

About this chapter

Introduction to the installation and commissioning manual

Introduction to the installation and commissioning manual

Technical reference manual

Installation and commissioning manual

About the installation and commissioning manual

Introduction to the installation and commissioning manual

Introduction to the installation and commissioning manual

Acronyms and abbreviations

Introduction to the installation and commissioning manual

CCS CEM CIM CMPPS CO cycle Co-directional Contra-directional

CPU CR CRC CRL CS CT CT1L1 CT1L1NAM CT2L3 CT2N

CVT DAR db DBDL DBLL DC DIN-rail DIP-switch

Introduction to the installation and commissioning manual

Introduction to the installation and commissioning manual

Introduction to the installation and commissioning manual

Open-Close-Open cycle Peripheral Component Interconnect

Introduction to the installation and commissioning manual

Introduction to the installation and commissioning manual

Introduction to the installation and commissioning manual

Introduction to the installation and commissioning manual

About this chapter

Chapter 2 Safety information

Chapter 2 Safety information

Chapter 2 Safety information

Chapter 2 Safety information

Chapter 2 Safety information

Chapter 2 Safety information

Chapter 2 Safety information

About this chapter

Commissioning and installation overview

Commissioning and installation overview

About this chapter

Chapter 4 Unpacking and checking the terminal

Chapter 4 Unpacking and checking the terminal

Receiving, unpacking and checking

Chapter 4 Unpacking and checking the terminal

Receiving, unpacking and checking

About this chapter

Chapter 5 Installing the terminal

Chapter 5 Installing the terminal

Chapter 5 Installing the terminal