LM341/LM78MXX Series 3-Terminal Positive Voltage Regulators

August 2005

LM341/LM78MXX Series 3-Terminal Positive Voltage Regulators

General Description
The LM341 and LM78MXX series of three-terminal positive voltage regulators employ built-in current limiting, thermal shutdown, and safe-operating area protection which makes them virtually immune to damage from output overloads. With adequate heatsinking, they can deliver in excess of 0.5A output current. Typical applications would include local (on-card) regulators which can eliminate the noise and degraded performance associated with single-point regulation.

Features
Output current in excess of 0.5A No external components Internal thermal overload protection Internal short circuit current-limiting Output transistor safe-area compensation Available in TO-220, TO-39, and TO-252 D-PAK packages n Output voltages of 5V, 12V, and 15V n n n n n n

Connection Diagrams
TO-39 Metal Can Package (H)

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Bottom View Order Number LM78M05CH, LM78M12CH or LM78M15CH See NS Package Number H03A TO-220 Power Package (T)

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Top View Order Number LM341T-5.0, LM341T-12, LM341T-15, LM78M05CT, LM78M12CT or LM78M15CT See NS Package Number T03B TO-252

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Top View Order Number LM78M05CDT See NS Package Number TD03B

2005 National Semiconductor Corporation

DS010484

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LM341/LM78MXX Series

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)

If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 seconds) TO-39 Package (H) TO-220 Package (T) Storage Temperature Range 300C 260C 65C to +150C

Operating Junction Temperature Range Power Dissipation (Note 2) Input Voltage 5V VO 15V ESD Susceptibility

40C to +125C Internally Limited 35V TBD

Electrical Characteristics
Limits in standard typeface are for TJ = 25C, and limits in boldface type apply over the 40C to +125C operating temperature range. Limits are guaranteed by production testing or correlation techniques using standard Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods.

LM341-5.0, LM78M05C
Unless otherwise specified: VIN = 10V, CIN = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F Symbol VO Parameter Output Voltage IL= 500 mA 5 mA IL 500 mA PD 7.5W, 7.5V VIN 20V VR LINE VR LOAD IQ IQ Vn Line Regulation Load Regulation Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection 7.2V VIN 25V 5 mA IL 500 mA IL = 500 mA 5 mA IL 500 mA 7.5V VIN 25V, IL = 500 mA f = 10 Hz to 100 kHz f = 120 Hz, IL = 500 mA 78 VIN VO Input Voltage Required to Maintain Line Regulation Long Term Stability IL = 500 mA 20 mV/khrs IL = 500 mA 7.2 dB V 40 4 IL = 100 mA IL = 500 mA 50 100 100 10.0 0.5 1.0 V mA mV Conditions Min 4.8 4.75 Typ 5.0 5.0 Max 5.2 5.25 Units V

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LM341/LM78MXX Series

Electrical Characteristics
Limits in standard typeface are for TJ = 25C, and limits in boldface type apply over the 40C to +125C operating temperature range. Limits are guaranteed by production testing or correlation techniques using standard Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods. (Continued)

LM341-12, LM78M12C
Unless otherwise specified: VIN = 19V, CIN = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F Symbol VO Parameter Output Voltage IL= 500 mA 5 mA IL 500 mA PD 7.5W, 14.8V VIN 27V VR LINE VR LOAD IQ IQ Vn Line Regulation Load Regulation Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection 14.5V VIN 30V 5 mA IL 500 mA IL = 500 mA 5 mA IL 500 mA 14.8V VIN 30V, IL = 500 mA f = 10 Hz to 100 kHz f = 120 Hz, IL = 500 mA 71 VIN VO Input Voltage Required to Maintain Line Regulation Long Term Stability IL = 500 mA 48 mV/khrs IL = 500 mA 14.5 dB V 75 4 IL = 100 mA IL = 500 mA 120 240 240 10.0 0.5 1.0 V mA mV Conditions Min 11.5 11.4 Typ 12 12 Max 12.5 12.6 Units V

LM341-15, LM78M15C
Unless otherwise specified: VIN = 23V, CIN = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F Symbol VO Parameter Output Voltage IL= 500 mA 5 mA IL 500 mA PD 7.5W, 18V VIN 30V VR LINE VR LOAD IQ IQ Vn Line Regulation Load Regulation Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection 17.6V VIN 30V 5 mA IL 500 mA IL = 500 mA 5 mA IL 500 mA 18V VIN 30V, IL = 500 mA f = 10 Hz to 100 kHz f = 120 Hz, IL = 500 mA 69 VIN VO Input Voltage Required to Maintain Line Regulation Long Term Stability IL = 500 mA 60 mV/khrs IL = 500 mA 17.6 dB V 90 4 IL = 100 mA IL = 500 mA 150 300 300 10.0 0.5 1.0 V mA mV Conditions Min 14.4 14.25 Typ 15 15 Max 15.6 15.75 Units V

Note 1: Absolute maximum ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the component may occur. Electrical specifications do not apply when operating the device outside of its rated operating conditions. Note 2: The typical thermal resistance of the three package types is: T (TO-220) package: (JA) = 60 C/W, (JC) = 5 C/W H (TO-39) package: (JA) = 120 C/W, (JC) = 18 C/W DT (TO-252) package: (JA) = 92 C/W, (JC) = 10 C/W

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LM341/LM78MXX Series

Schematic Diagram

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LM341/LM78MXX Series

Typical Performance Characteristics

Peak Output Current Ripple Rejection

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Ripple Rejection

Dropout Voltage

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Output Voltage (Normalized to 1V at TJ = 25C)

Quiescent Current

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LM341/LM78MXX Series

Typical Performance Characteristics

Quiescent Current

(Continued) Output Impedance

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Line Transient Response

Load Transient Response

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Design Considerations
The LM78MXX/LM341XX fixed voltage regulator series has built-in thermal overload protection which prevents the device from being damaged due to excessive junction temperature. The regulators also contain internal short-circuit protection which limits the maximum output current, and safe-area protection for the pass transistor which reduces the shortcircuit current as the voltage across the pass transistor is increased. Although the internal power dissipation is automatically limited, the maximum junction temperature of the device must be kept below +125C in order to meet data sheet specifications. An adequate heatsink should be provided to assure this limit is not exceeded under worst-case operating conditions (maximum input voltage and load current) if reliable performance is to be obtained). 1.0 HEATSINK CONSIDERATIONS When an integrated circuit operates with appreciable current, its junction temperature is elevated. It is important to quantify its thermal limits in order to achieve acceptable performance and reliability. This limit is determined by summing the individual parts consisting of a series of temperature rises from the semiconductor junction to the operating environment. A one-dimension steady-state model of conwww.national.com 6

duction heat transfer is demonstrated in The heat generated at the device junction flows through the die to the die attach pad, through the lead frame to the surrounding case material, to the printed circuit board, and eventually to the ambient environment. Below is a list of variables that may affect the thermal resistance and in turn the need for a heatsink. RJC(Component Variables) Leadframe Size & Material No. of Conduction Pins Die Size Die Attach Material Molding Compound Size and Material RCA(Application Variables) Mounting Pad Size, Material, & Location Placement of Mounting Pad PCB Size & Material Traces Length & Width Adjacent Heat Sources Volume of Air Air Flow Ambient Temperature Shape of Mounting Pad

LM341/LM78MXX Series

Application Information

The LM78MXX/LM341XX regulators have internal thermal shutdown to protect the device from over-heating. Under all possible operating conditions, the junction temperature of the LM78MXX/LM341XX must be within the range of 0C to 125C. A heatsink may be required depending on the maximum power dissipation and maximum ambient temperature of the application. To determine if a heatsink is needed, the power dissipated by the regulator, PD, must be calculated: IIN = IL + IG
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FIGURE 1. Cross-sectional view of Integrated Circuit Mounted on a printed circuit board. Note that the case temperature is measured at the point where the leads contact with the mounting pad surface

PD = (VINVOUT) IL + VINIG shows the voltages and currents which are present in the circuit.

01048424

FIGURE 2. Power Dissipation Diagram The next parameter which must be calculated is the maximum allowable temperature rise, TR(max): JA = TR (max)/PD If the maximum allowable value for JAC/w is found to be 60C/W for TO-220 package or 92C/W for TO-252 package, no heatsink is needed since the package alone will dissipate enough heat to satisfy these requirements. If the calculated value for JA fall below these limits, a heatsink is required. As a design aid, Table 1 shows the value of the JA of TO-252 for different heatsink area. The copper patterns that we used to measure these JA are shown at the end of the Application Note Section. reflects the same test results as what are in the Table 1 shows the maximum allowable power dissipation vs. ambient temperature for theTO-252 device. shows the maximum allowable power dissipation vs. copper area (in2) for the TO-252 device. Please see AN1028 for power enhancement techniques to be used with TO-252 package.

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LM341/LM78MXX Series

Application Information
Layout 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 *Tab of device attached to topside copper

(Continued)

TABLE 1. JA Different Heatsink Area

Copper Area Top Sice (in2)* 0.0123 0.066 0.3 0.53 0.76 1 0 0 0 0 0 0.066 0.175 0.284 0.392 0.5 Bottom Side (in2) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 0.066 0.175 0.284 0.392 0.5 Thermal Resistance (JA, C/W) TO-252 103 87 60 54 52 47 84 70 63 57 57 89 72 61 55 53

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LM341/LM78MXX Series

Application Information

(Continued)

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FIGURE 3. JA vs. 2oz Copper Area for TO-252

FIGURE 5. Maximum Allowable Power Dissipation vs. 2oz. Copper Area for TO-252

Typical Application

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*Required if regulator input is more than 4 inches from input filter capacitor (or if no input filter capacitor is used). **Optional for improved transient response.

FIGURE 4. Maximum Allowable Power Dissipation vs. Ambient Temperature for TO-252

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LM341/LM78MXX Series

Physical Dimensions

inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted

TO-39 Metal Can Package (H) Order Number LM78M05CH, LM78M12CH or LM78M15CH NS Package Number H03A

TO-220 Power Package (T) Order Number LM341T-5.0, LM341T-12, LM341T-15, LM78M05CT, LM78M12CT or LM78M15CT NS Package Number T03B

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LM341/LM78MXX Series 3-Terminal Positive Voltage Regulators

Physical Dimensions

inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)

TO-252 Order Number LM78M05CDT NS Package Number TD03B

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