NAME OF SUBSTATION

NAME OF FEEDER
FEEDER CODE
NAME OF NEXT SHORTEST LINE
NAME OF NEXT LONGEST LINE
SYSTEM VOLTAGE
NAME OF CONDUCTOR

Distance Protection
Kakkad PH
Kakkad Pathanamthitta No.2
KDPT-2
Pathanamthitta-Ranni
Kakkad Pathanamthitta No.1
110kV
ACSR WOLF

ph-ph
Z1

Line Parameters:
POSITIVE SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

R1

POSITIVE SEQUENCE REACTANCE

X1

ZERO SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

R0

ZERO SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

X0

LINE LENGTH

L1

LENGTH OF NEXT SHORTEST LINE

L2

LENGTH OF NEXT LONGEST LINE

L3

ARC RESISTANCE PH-PH

Arc ph-ph

ARC RESISTANCE PH-EARTH

Arc ph-e

Z1 (R1 2X 12 )

0.2129
0.392
0.354
1.002
28.69
13.40
30.69
2
10

0.4461

ph-e

OHMS/KM

1.0627 OHMS/KM
500 CT Sec.
CT-ratio
1000
PT-ratio
Resistance Ratio:
0.22
Reactance Ratio:
0.52
Earth Compensation Factor, Ko:
0.4679 < 15.48
LineAngle( Ph Ph)
< 61.49 ( Ph -E)
Operation time in msec
0 Zone-3
Zone-4
500 Zone-5

2.596
4.780
9.316
12.218

R
X
R
X
R

3.767
6.936
11.264
17.730
6.321

X
R
X
R
X
R
X
R
X
R
X

11.638
15.510
29.749
6.321
11.638
15.510
29.749
0.611
1.125
6.016
2.875

OHMS/KM
OHMS/KM
OHMS/KM
KM
KM

ph-ph

KM

Z2

OHMS

7.893
ph-e

OHMS

OHMS/KM

Z0 (R0 2X 02 )

Zone-1
Zone-1B
Zone-2

5.439

R
X
R
X

ph-ph

2.38228

Z3

1A

13.244
ph-e
ph-ph

Z4

13.244

< 70.54
750

Z5
(Reverse 1.280
)

ph-e
ph-ph
ph-e

NAME OF SUBSTATION
NAME OF FEEDER
FEEDER CODE
NAME OF NEXT SHORTEST LINE
NAME OF NEXT LONGEST LINE
SYSTEM VOLTAGE
NAME OF CONDUCTOR

Distance Protection
Kakkad PH
Kakkad Pathanamthitta No.1
KDPT-1
Pathanamthitta-Ranni
Kakkad Pathanamthitta No.2
110kV
ACSR WOLF

ph-ph
Z1

Line Parameters:
POSITIVE SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

R1

POSITIVE SEQUENCE REACTANCE

X1

ZERO SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

R0

ZERO SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

X0

LINE LENGTH

L1

LENGTH OF NEXT SHORTEST LINE

L2

LENGTH OF NEXT LONGEST LINE

L3

ARC RESISTANCE PH-PH

Arc ph-ph

ARC RESISTANCE PH-EARTH

Arc ph-e

Z1 (R1 2X 12 )

0.2129
0.392
0.354
1.002
30.69
13.40
28.69
0
20

0.4461

ph-e

OHMS/KM

1.0627 OHMS/KM
500 CT Sec.
CT-ratio
1000
PT-ratio
Resistance Ratio:
0.22
Reactance Ratio:
0.52
Earth Compensation Factor, Ko:
0.4679 < 15.48
LineAngle( Ph Ph)
< 61.49 ( Ph -E)
Operation time in msec
0 Zone-3
Zone-4
500 Zone-5

2.777
5.113
14.617
13.069

R
X
R
X
R

3.980
7.328
16.618
18.732
6.321

X
R
X
R
X
R
X
R
X
R
X

11.638
20.510
29.749
6.321
11.638
20.510
29.749
0.653
1.203
11.086
3.075

OHMS/KM
OHMS/KM
OHMS/KM
KM
KM

ph-ph

KM

Z2

OHMS

8.340
ph-e

OHMS

OHMS/KM

Z0 (R0 2X 02 )

Zone-1
Zone-1B
Zone-2

5.818

R
X
R
X

ph-ph

2.38228

Z3

1A

13.244
ph-e
ph-ph

Z4

13.244

< 70.54
750

Z5
(Reverse 1.369
)

ph-e
ph-ph
ph-e

NAME OF SUBSTATION
NAME OF FEEDER
FEEDER CODE
NAME OF NEXT SHORTEST LINE
NAME OF NEXT LONGEST LINE
SYSTEM VOLTAGE
NAME OF CONDUCTOR

Distance Protection
Edamon
Edamon-Edappon
EMEP
Edamon-Kayamkulam
Edamon-Kayamkulam
220kV
Double Moose

Line Parameters:
POSITIVE SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

R1

POSITIVE SEQUENCE REACTANCE

X1

ZERO SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

R0

ZERO SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

X0

LINE LENGTH

L1

LENGTH OF NEXT SHORTEST LINE

L2

LENGTH OF NEXT LONGEST LINE

L3

ARC RESISTANCE PH-PH

Arc ph-ph

ARC RESISTANCE PH-EARTH

Arc ph-e

Z1 (R1 2X 12 )

0.02819
0.281637
0.24376
1.16279
78
47
64.91
0
0

0.2830

Z1

7.065
ph-e

OHMS/KM

1.1881 OHMS/KM
800 CT Sec.
CT-ratio
2000
Z0 - 8.831
PT-ratio
Resistance Ratio:
2.55 R1 - 0.88
Reactance Ratio:
1.04 R0 - 7.605
Earth Compensation Factor, Ko:
1.0683 < -8.03
LineAngle( Ph Ph)
< 84.28 ( Ph -E)
Operation time in msec
0 Zone-3
0 Zone-4
500 Zone-5

R
X
R
X

0.704
7.030
6.084
29.023

R
X
R
X
R

1.055
10.544
9.126
43.535
1.611

X
R
X
R
X
R
X
R
X
R
X

16.099
13.934
66.470
1.611
16.099
13.934
66.470
0.176
1.757
1.521
7.256

OHMS/KM
OHMS/KM
OHMS/KM
KM
KM

ph-ph

KM

Z2

OHMS

10.597
ph-e

OHMS

OHMS/KM

Z0 (R0 2X 02 )

Zone-1
Zone-1B
Zone-2

ph-ph

4.197454

1A
Z1 - 37.068
X1 - 8.787
X0 - 36.279

ph-ph
Z3

16.180
ph-e
ph-ph

Z4

16.180
ph-e

< 78.16
Z5
720
(Reverse
1500
2000

ph-ph
1.766
ph-e

NAME OF SUBSTATION
NAME OF FEEDER
FEEDER CODE
NAME OF NEXT SHORTEST LINE
NAME OF NEXT LONGEST LINE
SYSTEM VOLTAGE
NAME OF CONDUCTOR

Distance Protection
Edamon
Edamon-Kundara
EMKU
Kundara-Kayamkulam
Kundara-Kayamkulam
220kV
Double Moose

Line Parameters:
POSITIVE SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

R1

POSITIVE SEQUENCE REACTANCE

X1

ZERO SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

R0

ZERO SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

X0

LINE LENGTH

L1

LENGTH OF NEXT SHORTEST LINE

L2

LENGTH OF NEXT LONGEST LINE

L3

ARC RESISTANCE PH-PH

Arc ph-ph

ARC RESISTANCE PH-EARTH

Arc ph-e

Z1 (R1 2X 12 )

0.02819
0.281637
0.24376
1.16279
61.17
64.91
64.91
0
0

0.2830

Z1

5.540
ph-e

OHMS/KM

1.1881 OHMS/KM
800 CT Sec.
CT-ratio
2000
Z0 - 6.926
PT-ratio
Resistance Ratio:
2.55 R1 - 0.69
Reactance Ratio:
1.04 R0 - 5.964
Earth Compensation Factor, Ko:
1.0683 < -8.03
LineAngle( Ph Ph)
< 84.28 ( Ph -E)
Operation time in msec
0 Zone-3
0 Zone-4
500 Zone-5

R
X
R
X

0.552
5.513
4.771
22.761

R
X
R
X
R

0.828
8.269
7.157
34.141
1.422

X
R
X
R
X
R
X
R
X
R
X

14.204
12.293
58.642
1.422
14.204
12.293
58.642
0.138
1.378
1.193
5.690

OHMS/KM
OHMS/KM
OHMS/KM
KM
KM

ph-ph

KM

Z2

OHMS

8.311
ph-e

OHMS

OHMS/KM

Z0 (R0 2X 02 )

Zone-1
Zone-1B
Zone-2

ph-ph

4.197454

1A
Z1 - 29.07
X1 - 6.891
X0 - 28.451

ph-ph
Z3

14.274
ph-e
ph-ph

Z4

14.274
ph-e

< 78.16
Z5
720
(Reverse
1500
2000

ph-ph
1.385
ph-e

NAME OF SUBSTATION
NAME OF FEEDER
FEEDER CODE
NAME OF NEXT SHORTEST LINE
NAME OF NEXT LONGEST LINE
SYSTEM VOLTAGE
NAME OF CONDUCTOR

Distance Protection
Pathanamthitta
pathanamthitta-Kozhanchery
PTKZ
Kozhanchery-Ranni
Kozhanchery-Ranni
110kV
ACSR WOLF

Line Parameters:
POSITIVE SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

R1

POSITIVE SEQUENCE REACTANCE

X1

ZERO SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

R0

ZERO SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

X0

LINE LENGTH

L1

LENGTH OF NEXT SHORTEST LINE

L2

LENGTH OF NEXT LONGEST LINE

L3

ARC RESISTANCE PH-PH

Arc ph-ph

ARC RESISTANCE PH-EARTH

Arc ph-e

Z1 (R1 2X 12 )

0.2129
0.392
0.354
1.002
11.89
13.40
13.40
0
20

0.4461

Z1

1.697
ph-e

OHMS/KM

1.0627 OHMS/KM
400 CT Sec.
CT-ratio
1000
PT-ratio
Resistance Ratio:
0.22
Reactance Ratio:
0.52
Earth Compensation Factor, Ko:
0.4679 < 15.48
LineAngle( Ph Ph)
< 61.49 ( Ph -E)
Operation time in msec
0 Zone-3
Zone-4
500 Zone-5

R
X
R
X

0.810
1.491
9.347
3.812

R
X
R
X
R

1.583
2.915
10.632
7.451
2.154

X
R
X

3.965
11.581
10.136

R
X
R
X

0.203
0.373
8.337
0.953

OHMS/KM
OHMS/KM
OHMS/KM
KM
KM

ph-ph

KM

Z2

OHMS

3.317
ph-e

OHMS

OHMS/KM

Z0 (R0 2X 02 )

Zone-1
Zone-1B
Zone-2

ph-ph

2.38228

1A

ph-ph
Z3

4.513
ph-e

< 70.54
Z4
750
(Reverse 0.424
)

ph-ph
ph-e

NAME OF SUBSTATION
NAME OF FEEDER
FEEDER CODE
NAME OF NEXT SHORTEST LINE
NAME OF NEXT LONGEST LINE
SYSTEM VOLTAGE
NAME OF CONDUCTOR

Line Parameters:

Distance Protection Calculation

Sabarigiri
Sabarigiri-Bramapuram
SBBR
Bramapuram-Kalamassery
Bramapuram-Pllom
220kV
ACSR KUNDAH
Z1

POSITIVE SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

R1

POSITIVE SEQUENCE REACTANCE

X1

ZERO SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

R0

ZERO SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

X0

LINE LENGTH

L1

LENGTH OF NEXT SHORTEST LINE

L2

LENGTH OF NEXT LONGEST LINE

L3

ARC RESISTANCE PH-PH

Arc ph-ph

ARC RESISTANCE PH-EARTH

Arc ph-e

Z1 (R1 2X 12 )

0.082
0.405
0.30092
1.28
134
8
67.8
0
10

0.4132

17.719
ph-e

OHMS/KM
OHMS/KM
OHMS/KM
OHMS/KM

ph-ph
Z1B

26.578
ph-e

KM
KM

ph-ph

KM

Z2

OHMS

22.810
ph-e

OHMS

OHMS/KM

Z0 (R0 2X 02 )

1.3149 OHMS/KM
800 CT Sec.
CT-ratio
2000
PT-ratio
Resistance Ratio:
0.89
Reactance Ratio:
0.72
Earth Compensation Factor, Ko:
0.7276 < -2.6
LineAngle( Ph Ph)
< 78.55 ( Ph -E)
Operation time in msec
Zone-1
Zone-1B
Zone-2

ph-ph

0 Zone-3
0 Zone-4
480 Zone-5

3.18209

1A

ph-ph
Z3

33.355
ph-e
ph-ph

Z4

33.355
ph-e

< 76.77
Z5
720
(Reverse
1500
2000

ph-ph
4.430
ph-e

R
X
R
X
R
X
R
X
R
X
R
X
R

3.516
17.366
16.903
54.886
5.274
26.050
23.355
82.330
4.526
22.356
20.611
70.656
6.619

X
R
X
R
X
R
X
R
X
R
X

32.692
28.290
103.322
6.619
32.692
28.290
103.322
0.879
4.342
7.226
13.722

NAME OF SUBSTATION
NAME OF FEEDER
FEEDER CODE
NAME OF NEXT SHORTEST LINE
NAME OF NEXT LONGEST LINE
SYSTEM VOLTAGE
NAME OF CONDUCTOR

Distance Protection
Pathanapuram
Pathanapuram-Punalur #1
PTPN#1
Edamon-Punalur
Punalur-Kundara
110kV
ACSR WOLF

Line Parameters:
POSITIVE SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

R1

POSITIVE SEQUENCE REACTANCE

X1

ZERO SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

R0

ZERO SEQUENCE RESISTANCE

X0

LINE LENGTH

L1

LENGTH OF NEXT SHORTEST LINE

L2

LENGTH OF NEXT LONGEST LINE

L3

ARC RESISTANCE PH-PH

Arc ph-ph

ARC RESISTANCE PH-EARTH

Arc ph-e

Z1 (R1 2X 12 )

0.2129
0.392
0.354
1.002
12.5
8.31
34.69
0
20

0.4461

Z1

1.896
ph-e

OHMS/KM

1.0627 OHMS/KM
400 CT Sec.
CT-ratio
1000
PT-ratio
Resistance Ratio:
0.22
Reactance Ratio:
0.52
Earth Compensation Factor, Ko:
0.4679 < 15.48
LineAngle( Ph Ph)
< 61.49 ( Ph -E)
Operation time in msec
0 Zone-3
0 Zone-4
500 Zone-5

R
X
R
X

0.905
1.666
9.505
4.259

R
X
R
X
R

1.418
2.612
10.358
6.675
4.019

X
R
X

7.399
14.682
18.914

R
X
R
X

0.213
0.392
8.354
1.002

OHMS/KM
OHMS/KM
OHMS/KM
KM
KM

ph-ph

KM

Z2

OHMS

2.972
ph-e

OHMS

OHMS/KM

Z0 (R0 2X 02 )

Zone-1
Zone-1B
Zone-2

ph-ph

2.38228

1A

ph-ph
Z3

8.420
ph-e

< 70.54
Z4
720
(Reverse 0.446
1500
)
2000

ph-ph
ph-e

NAME OF SUBSTATION
NAME OF FEEDER
FEEDER CODE
LINE LENGTH
NAME OF CONDUCTOR
NAME OF NEXT SHORTEST LINE
LENGTH OF NEXT SHORTEST LINE
NAME OF SHORTEST LINE CONDUCTOR
NAME OF NEXT LONGEST LINE
LENGTH OF NEXT LONGEST LINE
NAME OF LONGEST LINE CONDUCTOR
R1 POSITIVE SEQUENCE RESISTANCE
X1POSITIVE SEQUENCE REACTANCE
R01 ZERO SEQUENCE RESISTANCE
X01 ZERO SEQUENCE RESISTANCE
R02 ZERO SEQUENCE RESISTANCE
X02 ZERO SEQUENCE RESISTANCE
Zone-1 Impedance
Zone-2 Impedance
Zone-3 Impedance
Zone-4 Impedance
Zone-5 Impedance
Phase-earth resistance zone 1
Phase-phase resistance zone 1
Limit resistance for zone2
Limit resistance for zone3
Starting Limit resistance

220kV S/S Edamon

Old Setting
New setting
Edamon-Kayamkulam No.1 Edamon-Edappon
KYEM-1
EMEP
78 km.
Double Moose
Double Moose
Kayamkulam-New Pallom-1 Edamon-Kundara
47 km
ACSR Kundah
Double Moose
Kayamkulam-Kundara
Edamon-Kundara
64.91 km.
Double Moose
Double Moose
0.884
8.787
7.612
36.279
7.612
36.279
7.07
10.60
14.42
14.42
0.88
5.10
1.60
5.46
8.26
15.00